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Drug name Generic Name: Meperidine Hydrochloride

Indication

Action Acts as agonist at specific opioid receptors in the CNS to produce analgesia, euphoria, sedation; the receptors mediating these effects are thought to be the same as those mediating the effects of endogenous opioids (enkephalins, endorphins).

Side effect y shallow breathing, slow heartbeat

Nursing consideration y Patients should be aware that Demerol tablets contain meperidine, which is a morphine-like substance. y Check for allergic reactions or other problems.

Patient teaching y Patients should be advised to report pain and adverse experiences occurring during therapy. Individualization of dosage is essential to make optimal use of this medication. Patients should be advised not to adjust the dose of Demerol without consulting the prescribing professional.

Relief of moderate to severe pain.

Brand Name: Demerol

Classification: Narcotic analgesic

Preoperative medication, support of anesthesia, and obstetric analgesia (parenteral)

y seizure ,convulsions

cold, clammy skin weakness or dizziness. y

y y ICP must be checked before giving medication.

Dosage: Adult Usual dosage is 50 mg to 150 mg orally, every 3 or 4 hours as necessary(dep ends on doctors order) Pediatric: Usual dosage

Contraindication: y Presence of hypersensitiv ity to narcotics Diarrhea cau sed by poisoning (before

y Adverse Reaction:
y CNS:

Lightheaded ness, dizziness, sedation,

Patients should be advised that Demerol may impair mental and/or physical ability required for the performance of potentially

is 1.1 mg/kg to 1.8 mg/kg orally, up to the adult dose, every 3 or 4 hours as necessary (depend on doctors order) Adult IV direct: 10-30 mg given over at least 1 minute, titrated every 6-10 minutes until analgesia achieved (usual maximum 60 mg/hour), then give IM, SC, IV intermittent or infusion: Children: 1-1.5 mg/kg IM, SC, IV intermittent (over 15-30 minutes) every

toxins are eliminated)

Bronchial asthma, COPD, cor pulmonale, respiratory depression y Acute alcoholism

Increased intracranial pressure

euphoria, dy delirium, insomnia, agitation, anxiety, fear, hallucination, disorientatio n,impaired mental and physical performance , coma, suppression of cough reflex y GI: Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, anorexia, constipation, biliary tract spasm, increased colonic motility in patients with chronic ulcerative

hazardous tasks (e.g., driving, operating heavy machinery). y Patients should not combine Demerol with alcohol or other central nervous system depressants (sleep aids, tranquilizers) except by the orders of the prescribing physician, because dangerous additive effects may occur, resulting in serious injury or death.

Women of childbearing potential who become, or are planning to become pregnant y

3-4 hours as necessary: maximum 100 mg/dose

colitis y CV: Facial flushing, peripheral circulatory collapse, tachycardia, bradycardia, arrhythmia, palpitations, chest wall rigidity, hypertension , hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, syncope y GU: Ureteral spasm, spasm of vesical sphincters, urinary retention or hesitancy, oliguria, antidiuretic

should be advised to consult their physician regarding the effects of analgesics and other drug use during pregnancy on themselves and their unborn child. y Patients should be advised that Demerol is a potential drug of abuse. They should protect it from theft, and it should never be given to anyone other than the individual for whom it was prescribed.

Patients should be advised that if they have been receiving treatment with

effect, reduced libido or potency y Dermatologi c: Pruritus, urticaria, laryngospas m, bronchospas m, edema Local: tissue irritation and induration (SC injection) y Major hazard s: Respiratory depression, apnea, circulatory depression, respiratory arrest,

Demerol for more than a few weeks and cessation of therapy is indicated, it may be appropriate to taper the Demerol dose, rather than abruptly discontinue it, due to the risk of precipitating withdrawal symptoms. Their physician can provide a dose schedule to accomplish a gradual discontinuation of the medication. y Patients should be instructed to keep Demerol in a secure place out of the reach of children. When Demerol is no longer needed, the unused tablets should be

destroyed by flushing down the toilet.

. Avoid alcoholic beverages.To lower your risk of dizziness and lightheadedness, get up slowly when rising from a sitting or lying position.

Generic Name: dexamethason e

Brand Name: Decadron, DexPak

Relieves inflammation in various parts of the body. It is used specifically to decrease swelling (edema), associated with tumors of the spine and brain, and to treat eye inflammation.

blockade by hydrocortisone mesylate and actinomycin D of the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on leukocyte infiltration in inflammatory sites.

Increased appetite y Irritability y Difficulty sleeping (insomnia) y Swelling in your ankles and feet (fluid retention) y Heartburn y Muscle weakness y Impaired wound healing
y

may need to have blood sugar levels monitored more closely and possible adjustments to diabetes medications

Advised patient not use this medication if you are allergic to dexamethasone, or if you have a fungal infection anywhere in your body.

Steroid medication can weaken your

Classification: antiinflammatory 9fluoroglucocorticoid.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity; active untreated infections; ophthalmic use in viral, fungal disease of the eye.

Increased blood sugar levels. (Persons with Diabetes may need to have blood sugar levels monitored more closely and possible adjustments to diabetes medications Adverse effect: Growth retardation, osteoporosis, peptic ulcer, glaucoma and subcapsular cataracts, vertebral compression fractures. Cushinglike features, pancreatic dysfunction and pancreatitis, GI upsets, increased

immune system, making it easier for you to get an infection. Steroids can also worsen an infection you already have, or reactivate an infection you recently had. Before taking this medication, tell your doctor about any illness or infection you have had within the past several week y Advised patient to Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become

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appetite, increased fragility of the skin. Increased susceptibility to infection. Topical application: Dermal atrophy, local irritation, folliculitis, delayed wound healing, systemic absorption and toxicity with occlusive dressing on application to large areas of the body and broken skin. Topical application to eye: Corneal ulcers, glaucoma and reduced visual ability. Inhalation: Hoarseness,

pregnant while using this medication. Dexamethasone can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breastfeeding a baby. Steroids can affect growth in children.

Advised patient to taken this with food.

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