Questions in Microprocessors

Q1.What is a Microprocessor? Q2.What is the difference between a Microprocessor and a CPU? Q3. Define bit, byte, word and Instruction. Q4. Discuss the function of ALU of 8085. Q5. List four categories of 8085 Instructions that manipulate data. Q6. What are the different Addressing Modes in 8085. Q7.Why is Data Bus Bidirectional? Q8. Specify four Control Signals commonly used by 8085 MPU. Q9. What is the function of the Accumulator? Q10. What are the various Registers of 8085? Q11. Discuss Machine cycle and State. Q12. What are the var8ious Status Flags provided in 8085? Fill in the blanks: Q13. Microprocessor 8085 is a ------------------ bit processor. Q14. The Bus carries bits between Microprocessor and ------------------ . Q15. Microprocessor has -------- number of pins. Q16. Address bus of 8085 microprocessor is of -------- bits. Q17. Data bus of 8085 microprocessor is of -------- bits. Q18. An Instruction has two parts: Opcode and the -------------. Q19. The method of specifying an Operand is called--------------. Q20. Examples of 1-byte instruction -------------------------.

Q21. Examples of 2-byte instruction -------------------------. Q22. Examples of 3-byte instruction -------------------------. Q23. STA 2500 H takes ------------------ machine cycles. Q24. LDA 2500 H takes ------------------ machine cycles. Q25. MOV A,B takes ------------------ machine cycles. Q26. LXI H 2600 H takes ------------------ machine cycles. Q27. ADI ,09 takes ------------------ machine cycles. Q28. IN ,02 takes ------------------ machine cycles. Q29. There are ------------- addressing modes. Q30. Discuss the function of HOLD,READY in 8085. Q31.What is an Interrupt? Q32. What are various Interrupt lines in 8085? Q33. Differentiate between microprocessors and microcontroller in one line. Q34. PUSH PSW means -------------Q35. POP PSW means ------------Q36. The function of ALE is ---------------Q37. Explain what is Vectored Interrupt. Q38. Specify the crystal frequency required fo an 8085 system to operate at 1.1 MHz. Q39. What is an assembler. Q40. RAM of 1K* 8 means -------------------Q41. There are --------------- opcodes in 8085. Q42. Examples of direct addressing mode is -----------------. Q43. Examples of indirect addressing mode is -----------------.

Q44. Examples of register addressing mode is -----------------. Q45. Examples of implicit addressing mode is -----------------. Q47. Examples of control signals of 8085 ----------------------. Q48. Give the priority order of interrupts in 8085. Q49. Data transfer instructions change the status of flags. State true or false. Q50. CPM R means -----------------Q51.The CPU of a computer comprises of ------------------. Q52. Operand is a term used to refer as --------------. Q53. An 8-bit microprocessor signifies that it has -----------------. Q54. The address bus width of 64 KB of memory is ----------------. Q55. DCR register can be used to decrement the contents of ----------------. Q56. A 3-byte instrction requires ------------- fetch cycles for its execution. Q57. A 2- byte instrction requires ------------- fetch cycles for its execution. Q58. A 1-byte instrction requires ------------- fetch cycles for its execution. Q59. The term cycle stealing is used for ---------------. Q60. The instruction MOV A,B belongs to ----------------- addressing mode. Q61. The instruction MVI A,B belongs to ----------------- addressing mode. Q62. The instruction LXI H, 2000H belongs to ----------------- addressing mode. Q63. The instruction LDAX D belongs to ----------------- addressing mode. Q64. What is memory word size required in an 8085 system? Q65. Move the contents of register A to register B. Q66. Move the contents of memory location 2000H to the accumulator directly. Q67. List the sequence of events that occurs when 8085 MPU reads from memory.

Q68. Load the HL pair with the address 2500H. Q69. Move the data 09H to the B register. Q70. Specify the two 8085 signals that are used to latch data in an output port. Q71. Complement the contents of the carry flag. Q73. Rotate the contents of the accumulator by one bit to the left through carry. Q74. What are the control signals necessary in the memory-mapped I/O? Q75. What are various schemes of data transfer from CPU/memory to I/O devices? Q76. What are different operating modes of 8255? Q77. In a microprocessor based system, the address signals are sent by -------------. Q78. In a microprocessor based system, the address bus is ---------------. Q79. In a microprocessor based system,the data bus is ----------. Q80. The basic purpose of timing and control unit is ------------------. Q81.What are I/O ports in 8085? Q82. TRAP is a maskable interrupt. State true or false. Q83. Subroutine is defined as -----------------. Q84. What are Instructions EI,DI in the 8085 Interrupt process? Q85. List conditional Call and Return instructions. Q86. Explain the sequence of a program execution when a subroutine is called & executed. Q87. What is stack pointer and explain their uses? Q88. What is Program counter and its uses? Q90. The clock frequency required for 8085 is -----------. Q91. Store the contents of accumulator in the memory location 2500H.

Q92. Increment the contents of memory location 2400H by 1. Q93. What are the major differences between the 8080 and 8085 microprocessor? Q94. Demonstrate the uses of instructions DAD,PCHL. Q95. Decrement the contents of the register C by 2. Q96. Explain the function of Data converters. Q97. The instruction SPHL signifies -----------. Q98. Explain the functions of Handshake signals. Q99. List the elements of 8255A programmable peripheral interface. Q100. List the operating modes of 8254 timer.

Short questions
Q1. Distinguish between Accumulator-Based and General Purpose Register Based Microprocessors. Q2. Mention the differences between 8085 and 8086 Microprocessors. Q3. Write a program to add two numbers of 8-bit each. Q4.What are different types of memory?Explain. Q5. Explain the need to demultiplex the bus AD7-Ado. Q6. Write a program to count the number of 1s in a 8-bit number. Q7. Expain the functions of ALE and IO/M signas in 8085. Q8. Show the register contents as each of the following instructions is being executed MVI C, FFH LXI H, X X 70 H LXI D, X X70 H MOV M, C LDAX D HLT

Q9.Specify the contents of the accumulator and status of flags when following instructions are executed. MVI A, B7H ORA A

Q10.Explain following signals of 8085. 1) NOP 2) HLDA Q11. Explain the direct addressing modes and indirect addressing modes of 8085 with example. Q12. Explain the control and status signals of 8085 Q13.Compare synchronous and asynchronous mode of data transfer. Q14. With the help of SIM instruction format, write the instruction to mask RST 5.5. Q15. Explain the function of the 16-bit data transfer instruction LXI and of instructon INX and DCX. Q16. Explain stack and stack pointer. Q17. Explain the difference between the bus cycle and the machine cycle. Q18. Expain the RIM and SIM instruction. Q19. Explain the following instruction: a) DAA b) LDA ,16 bit address c) STA ,16 bit address Q20. Explain how information is stored and retrieved from stack using PUSH and POP and the stack pointer. Q21. Explain the following Subroutines: a) Multiple calling b) nesting c) common ending Q22. Copmpare similarities between PUSH/POP and CALL/RET instructions.

Q23. List the eight steps to initiate and implement the 8085 interrupt. Q24. What do you mean by polling. Q25. How many bytes the following instructions of 8085 need? a) LDA b) JNZ c) RAL d) MVI A Q26. What do you mean by memory mapping?explain. Q27.Explain how to connect multiple interrupts with the INTR interrupt line. Q28. Differentiate between maskable and non maskable interrupts. Q29. Explain the following instruction: a) ADD M b) CMA c) CMP B Q30. What are the functions of SID and SOD pins in 8085. Q31.How are I/O devices addressed in 8085? Q32. Explain features of the programmable interrupt controller,8259A with its block diagram. Q35. How to use RIM and SIM instruction for 8085. Q36. What are hardware interrupts?Discuss TRAP interrupt. Q37. Write a program to exchange the contents of memory location 2000 H with the contents at memory location 2500 H. Q38. Write a program to move the contents of memory location 2000H to accumulator.Increment these contents and place then in location 2001H. Q39. Explain the function of READY signal of 8085 Q40. Set up 8155 timer to generate pulse after a given time delay Q41. Explain block diagram of the 8279 Keyboard/Display interface and its operations.

Q42.Explain the functions of the 8259A interrupt controller and its operations in fully nested mode. Q43. Explain the process of DMA and the functions of elements of 8237. Q44. Explain the basic concepts underlying the successive-approximation A/D converter. Q45. What ios RIM?Discuss the bit pattern of the accumulator for it. Q46. Give some examples of 32-bit and 64-bit microprocessors. Q47. What are the trade-offs between software and hardware approaches in implementing serial I/O? Q48. Explain the basic circuit of a D/A converter and define the term Resolution. Q49. Write instructions to initialize the 8279 in a given mode. Q50.Explain the RS-232C serial I/Ostandard and compare it with RS-422A standard.

Long questions
Q1. Explain the arhitecture of microprocessors 8085. Q2. Explain the pin diagram of 8085. Q3. Explain the requirement of a program counter,stack pointer and status flags in the architecture of 8085 microprocessor. Q4. Explain the memory mapped i/o addressing scheme. Q5. Draw and explain the timing diagram of memory read cycle. Q6. Draw and explain the timing diagram of memory write cycle with example. Q7. Draw and explain the timing diagram of opcode fetch cycle. Q8.Explain the direct addressing modes and indirect addressing modes of 8085 with example. Q9. Assume that the accumulator contents data bytes 88 hand instruction MOV C, A 4FH is fetched. List the steps decoding and executing the instruction. Q10. Discuss how memory chips and I/O devices are interfaced to a microprocessor.

Q11. Draw and explain the internal block diagram for 8155. Q12. Explain the block diagram of the 8279 Keyboard/Display interface and its operations. Q13. Draw a timing diagram to interface a 4K ROM and a 2K RAM consecutively with microprocessor 8085, starting with ROM interfacing at address 0000 H. Explain. Q14. Draw timing diagrams of 1) I/O read 2) memory read 3) fetch Q15. State addressing modes of the following modes with instruction with justification 1) CMP B 2) JZ address 3) LDAX D Q16. Discuss various Addressing modes of 8085 with suitable examples. Q17. What are the various types of Data formats?Explain with examples. Q18. Explain five interrupt inputs of 8085 with priority. Q19.What are Hardware and Software Interrrupts?What is ISS? Q20. Draw a diagram to interface a 6K ROM and a 2K RAM consecutively with microprocessor 8085, starting with ROM interfacing at address 8000 H. Q21. What is Interrupt ?Explain enabling,disabling and masking of interrupts with examples.How to transfer data using interrupts. Q22. Expailn how to use an RST instruction to implement a software breakpoint. Q23. Explain an interrupt process and the difference between a maskable and nonmaskable interrupt by using examples. Q24. Interface a 10 or 12-bit D/A converter with an 8-bit microprocessor. Q25. Design a circuit to interface an 8-bit D/A conveter with an 8-bit microprocessor and verify the analog output for a digital signal. Q26. Explain the block diagram of the 8155 I/O section and timer.

Q30.Explain the function of Handshake signals.What is the difference between setting the 8155 I/O ports in ALT 1 and ALT 3. Q31. Design a five-minute clock(timer using the 8254 and the interrupt technique. Display minutes and seconds. Q32. Explain how the 8237 DMA controller transfers 64K bytes of data per channel with eight address lines. Q33. Specify handshaking signals and their functions if port A of 8255 is set-up as input port in mode 1. Q34.xplain mode 0 and mode 1 of 8253. Q35. Write a program to arrange the following numbers in the descending order23H,45H,09H,FFH,08H,27H. Q36. Explain terms synchronous,baud rate,parity,half and full duplex transmission. Q37. Explain how data bits are transmitted in the asynchronous format,and calculate the the delay required between two successive bits for a given baud. Q38. Explain the block diagram and the functions of each block of the 8251 USART (Programmable Communication Interface). Q39.Write a short note on the following: a) machine cycle b) instruction cycle c) execute cycle d) Vectored interrupt Q 40. Interface a 8K RAM consecutively with microprocessor 8085, starting with ROM interfacing at address 8000 H. Q41. Write a program for a Zero-to Nine couter.Also draw the flowchart. Q42. Write a program to arrange the following numbers in the ascending order23H,45H,09H,FFH,08H,27H. Q43. Explain the bus architecture of 8085. Q44. Define Addresing modes,Data formats with examples. Q45. What you mean by the power of a Microprocessor? Mention the Architectural Parameters to distinguish between Microprocessors.

Q46. Describe a scheme to demultiplex the multiplexed AD0-AD7 bus of 8085CPU. Q47. Set up the 8255 I/O ports in the simple I/O and Bit Set/Reset(BSR) mode. Q48. Write a program to divide the two numbers . Q49. Explain . the process of the Direct Memory Acess(DMA) and the functions of various elements of the 8237. Q50. Expain the procedure of interfacing the temperature monitoring system with 8085.