SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION

PRELIMINARY SUBSURFACE INFORMATION A) Available information for soil, rock and water conditions: 1) Topographic and aerial mapping 2) Geological survey maps and publications 3) Local knowledge - History of site development - Experience of nearby structures - Flooding - Subsidence 4) Existing subsurface data (boreholes, well records, water soundings) 5) Reconnaissance site survey (preliminary survey of an area) 6) Previous studies B) Evaluate available information for site acceptability. C) Consult engineer for potential foundation performance.

DETAILED SUBSURFACE INFORMATION a) Subsurface and laboratory test investigation - Determine potential foundation behavior - Evaluate alternative foundation methods and techniques ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ANALYSIS PROCESS (DETERMINANTS) 1) SLOPE slope analysis is developed on the contour map considerations: percentage of slope and orientation of slope relative to the infrastructure and land uses.

2) SOIL PATTERNS - Erosion potential - Compressibility and plasticity - Capability of supporting plant growth - Drainage capabilities - Possible sources of pollution or toxic wastes - Septic tank location - Proposed land uses and their infrastructure 3) VEGETATION - Indigenous species (their values in ecosystem) - Size and condition - Succession of growth toward climax conditions

4) WILDLIFE 5) GEOLOGY

Uniqueness Ability of certain species to tolerate construction activities Aesthetic values Density of undergrowth Feeding and breeding areas Tolerance to change of species

- Underlying rock masses - Depth of different rock layers - Suitability of different geological formations 6) SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE WATER - Natural drainage patterns - Aquifer recharge areas - Erosion potential - Flood plains 7) CLIMATE - Microclimatic conditions - Prevailing breezes - Wind shadows - Air drainage patterns

SURVEY DATA The first step in any site analysis is the gathering of physical site data. An aerial photograph and an accurate survey showing the following information are basic to any site analysis process: 1) 2) 3) 4) Scale, north arrow, benchmark and date of survey Tract boundary lines Easements: location, width and purpose Names and locations of existing RROW on or adjacent to the tract including bridges, curbs, gutters and culverts

SUBURBAN SITE ANALYSIS DETERMINANTS 1) Areas of steep and moderate slopes 2) Macro-and microclimatic conditions - Sun angles - Prevailing winds - Sectors where high or low points give protection from sun and wind. 3) Solar energy considerations 4) Areas of potential flood zones and routes of surface runoff

5) 6) 7) 8)

9) 10) 11) 12)

Road access to the site Natural areas that from an ecological and aesthetic standpoint should be saved. Significant wildlife habitats Soil conditions - Supporting plant material - Areas suitable for construction - Erosion potential - Septic tanks Geological considerations relative to supporting structures Exceptional views; objectionable views Adjacent existing and proposed land uses with notations on compatibility and incompatibility Potential noise sources