Math 11ADP Test #1 Exponents and Logarithms

D-Block

Name ____________________

Write all answers to 3 significant figures unless otherwise indicated. If you use GDC to solve, remember to indicate the functions used and a rough sketch.

1.

Using the laws of exponents simplify the following expressions completely leaving no negative exponents or brackets. Write with a prime number base. [6] (a) (b) (c)

2.

Use the laws of logarithms to write the following expressions as a single logarithm or real number. (a) log 25 + log 40 (b) 3 log2 g (c) 5 log w 2 3

[6]

3.

Let f (x) = loga x, x > 0. Write down the value of (i) f (a3) (ii) f (1) (iii) f( ). [3]

4.

Solve ln (x + 3) = 2. Give your answers in exact form.

[3]

5.

Solve the following equations for the unknown variable. (a) 3 2x + 4 = 81 (b) 9 2k 3 = (c) 5 (3 2f + 0.5) = 45

[17]

(d)

(e) log (2x) + log (2x) = 2

(f) 3 log 5 G = log 5 7

(g) log2 (5x2 x 2) = 2 + 2 log2 x

6.

(a) If log a 2 = x and log a 5 = y, find in terms of x and y, expressions for the following. (i) log a 8 (ii) log a 20 (iii) log a 0.8

[6]

(b) If log 3 Q = P find log 9 Q.

[3]

7.

The following diagram shows part of the graph of an exponential function f (x) = ax, where x
f ( x) y

P 0 x

(a)

What is the range of f ?

(b)

Write down the coordinates of the point P.

(c)

What happens to the values of f (x) as elements in its domain increase in value?

[5]

8.

The value of a car decreases each year. This value can be calculated using the function v = 32 000(1 + r)t, t > 0, 0 < r < 1, where v is the value of the car in USD, t is the number of years after it was first bought and r is the rate of decrease. (a) (i) Write down the value of the car when it was first bought. [1]

(ii)

One year later the value of the car was 27 200 USD. Find the value of r.

[2]

(b)

Find how many complete years it will take for the value of the car to be less than 8000 USD.

[4]

9.

The mass m kg of a radio-active substance at time t hours is given by m = 4e0.2 t. (a) Write down the initial mass. [1]

(b)

The mass is reduced to 1.5 kg. How long does this take?

[3]

10.

$1050 is invested at 8% per annum interest, compounded monthly. Calculate the minimum number of months required for the value of the investment to exceed $3500. Solve this question using logarithms. [4]

11.

At the beginning of 1994 a city had a population of 1.2 million. After n years, the population, P, of the city is given by P = 1 200 000 (1.025)n. (a) Find the population P at the beginning of 2004. [1]

(b) Calculate the percentage growth in population between 1 January 1994 and 1 January 2004.

[3]

(c) In what year will the population first become greater than 2 million?

[3]

12.

A machine was purchased for $10000. Its value V after t years is given by V =100000e0.3t. The machine must be replaced at the end of the year in which its value drops below $1500. Determine in how many years the machine will need to be replaced. Write your final answer with 4 significant figures. [4]

13.

Solve the following equation: 25x 7 (5x) + 6 = 0

[5]