TENDERING

When the buyer has the money ,but no knowledge of the process , no set up , then he goes for tendering. A tender is an offer to do or perform an act which the party offering, is bound to perform to the party to whom the offer is made. A tender may be of money or of specific articles; these will be separately considered.

THINGS INCLUDED OFFER:

IN

AN

1. Write up- It includes all the effective components and their description. 2. Effective Factory Cost (EFC)

HOW

TO

PREPARE

AN OFFER:

From the tendering document , the following data is taken out :1. No. X output. 2. Speed of Turbine. 3. Head available. a. Maximum b. Rated c. Minimum. 4. Discharge. 5. Efficiency. 6. Type of Turbine.

STEP 1: SELECTION OF TURBINE

This means fixing the diameter of the runner which is inversely proportional to the speed. a.) Calculation of SPECIFIC SPEED: Ns = (N x P1/2 ) / Hr5/4 PT = P / g where; N = Rated speed of Turbine. Hr = Rated Head. g = Efficiency of Generator In case of Overload, PT (max) = P x Overload

OUTPUT
Efficiency

V/S

EFFICIENCY

GRAPH

Output

CALCULATION OF RUNNER DIAMETER

The diameter is calculated using the formula: N11 = (N x D) / h1/2 P = xgxQxHx Q = Q11 x D2 x Hr1/2 PT max = xgxQ11xD2xHr3/2x Q11x = const. 1 The value curve for const. 1 should lie as close as possible to the maximum efficiency point. This value of Q11 should be same as the one corresponding to the given efficiency. where ; N = Speed D = Diameter of Runner Hr = Rated Head

STEP 2: OFFER
1. Write Up. 2. Technical schedule description of every component of Turbine. 3. Preliminary Drawing.

STEP 3: EFFECTIVE FACTORY COST (EFC)

It Involves the Engg. Cost,materialcost,labour cost ,Factoryexpenses , And Tools & Development cost.The EFC is then send othe sales & Custom Dept. which adds other costs like taxes & transport and put up the final cost and send it to the corporate . They add the margins and send it to the customer.

MAJOR THINGS COVERED IN TENDRING FOR EFC :1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Turbine Assembely. Main Inlet Valve. Cooling Water System. Compressed Air System. Drainage & De-watering.

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION 1) HYDRO TURBINE DIVISION 2) CONSTUCTIONAL FEATURES OF THE HYDRULIC TURBINES 3) TENDERING 4) THEORY OF OPERATION 5) SELECTION OF TURBINE TYPE
SELECTION OF TURBINE ON THE BASIS OF SPECIFIC SPEED CHOICE OF TYPE IN THE TRANSITION ZONE
6) 7) 8) 9) 10)

PELTON TURBINE COMPONENTS MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND THOSE FUNCTION CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF REACTION TURBINES FRANCIS TURBINE GOVERNING SYSTEM

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The Training Report has been prepared under the able guidance of the project incharge and workshop superintendents. I am extremely grateful to all for their keen interest, kind and precious guidance and constant encouragement. I take sincere gratitude to express my deep thanks to all the people who were involved in helping me in my vocational training in B.HE.L.,Bhopal. I am thankful to Mr. H.S. MAHORE for his precious time and valuable guidance throughout my training period. I would also like to express my gratitude to Mr. L.K. HARWANI , Mr. NITIN VERMA , Mr. K. PRASAD , Mr. GURPREET SINGH , MR. B.L. SINGH and Mr. P.K. BHATANE for being attentive to all my queries.