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Phn I :Tng quan mng thng tin di ng GSM

Chng 1 Cu trc mng GSM

1.1 Tng quan mng GSM Cu hnh mng GSM :

SS VLR HLR AUC

ISDN MSC PSPDN CSPD PSTN PLMN OSS BTS

Truyn bo Truyn lu lng

EIR

BSS BSC

MS

Hnh 1.1 Cu trc mng GSM

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Trong : SS : Switching System - H thng chuyn mch AUC : Trung tm nhn thc VLR : B ghi nh v tm tr HLR : B ghi nh v thng tr EIR : Equipment Identified Reader - B ghi nhn dng thit b MSC : Mobile Switching Central - Trung tm chuyn mch cc nghip v di ng BSS : Base Station System - H thng trm gc BTS : Base Television Station - i v tuyn gc BSC : Base Station Control - i iu khin trm gc MS : My di ng OSS :Operating and Surveilance System - H thng khai thc v gim st. OMC : Operating and Maintaining Central - Trung tm khai thc v bo dng ISDN : Mng s lin kt a dch v PSTN : Mng in thoi mt t cng cng CSPDN : Mng chuyn mch s cng cng theo mch PLMN : Mng di ng mt t cng cng MS : My di ng H thng GSM c chia thnh h thng chuyn mch (SS hay NSS) v h thng trm gc (BSS). H thng c thc hin nh mt mng gm nhiu v tuyn cnh nhau cng m bo ton b vng ph sng ca vng phc v. Mi c mt trm v tuyn gc (BTS) lm vic mt tp hp cc knh v tuyn. Cc knh ny khc vi cc knh c s dng cc ln cn trnh nhiu giao thoa. Mt b iu khin trm gc (BSC) iu khin mt nhm BTS. BSC iu khin cc chc nng nh chuyn giao v iu khin cng sut. Mt trung tm chuyn mch cc nghip v di ng (MSC) iu khin mt s BSC. MSC iu khin cc cuc gi n v t mng chuyn mch in thoi cng cng (PSTN), mng s lin kt a dch v (ISDN), mng di ng mt t cng cng (PDN) v c th l cc mng ring. mng cng c mt s cc c s d liu theo di nh : B ng k nh v thng tr (HLR) cha cc thng tin v thu bao nh cc dch v b sung, cc thng s nhn thc v thng tin v v tr ca MS.

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Trung tm nhn thc (AUC ) c ni n HLR. Chc nng ca AUC l cung cp cho HLR cc thng s nhn thc v cc kho mt m s dng cho bo mt. B ghi nh v tm tr (VLR) : l mt c s d liu cha thng tin v tt c cc MS hin ang phc v ca vng MSC. Mi MSC c mt VLR. Thanh ghi nhn dng thit b (EIR) c ni vi MSC qua mt ng bo hiu. N cho php MSC kim tra s hp l ca thit b. H thng khai thc v h tr (OSS) c ni n tt c cc thit b h thng chuyn mch v ni n BSC. 1.2 Cu trc a l ca mng

Mi mng in thoi u cn mt cu trc nht nh nh tuyn cc cuc gi vo n tng i cn thit v cui cng n thu bao b gi. Trong mng di ng cu trc ny rt quan trng do tnh lu thng ca cc thu bao trong mng. V mt a l mt mng di ng gm : Vng mng. Vng phc v. Vng nh v. (Cell). 1. Vng mng Cc ng truyn gia mng GSM/PLMN v mng PSTN/ISDN khc hay cc mng PLMN khc s mc tng i trung k quc gia hay quc t. Trong mt mng GSM/PLMN tt c cc cuc gi kt cui di ng u c nh tuyn n mt tng i v tuyn cng (GMSC). GMSC lm vic nh mt tng i trung k vo cho GSM/PLMN. y l ni thc hin chc nng hi nh tuyn cuc gi cho cc kt cui di ng.
GMSC

GMSC_PLMN X ISDN PLMN X

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PSTN

Hnh 1.2 Vng mng GSM/PLMN : Cc ng truyn gia 2. Vng phc v : MSC / VLR cc mng khc nhau v mng GSM/PLMN Vng phc v l b phn ca mng c mt MSC qun l. nh tuyn mt cuc gi n thu bao di ng, ng truyn qua mng s ni n MSC vng phc v MSC ni thu bao ang . Vng phc v l b phn ca mng c nh ngha nh mt vng m c th t n mt trm di ng nh vic trm MS ny c ghi li mt b ghi tm tr, Mt vng mng GSM/PLMN c chia thnh mt hay nhiu vng phc v MSC/VLR. 3. Vng nh v (LA: Location Area) Mi vng phc v MSC/VLR c chia thnh mt s vng nh v. Vng nh v l mt phn ca vng phc v MSC/VLR m mt MS c th chuyn ng t do m khng cn cp nht thng tin v v tr cho tng i MSC/VLR iu khin vng nh v ny. Vng nh v ny l vng m mt thng bo tm gi s c pht qung b tm MS b gi. Vng nh v c th c mt s v ph thuc vo mt hay vi BSC nhng n ch thuc mt MSC/VLR. H thng c th nhn dng vng nh v bng cch s dng nhn dng vng nh v LAI (Location Area Identity). Vng nh v c h thng s dng tm mt thu bao ang trng thi hot ng. 4. (Cell) Vng nh v c chia thnh mt s . l mt vng bao ph v tuyn c mng nhn dng bng nhn dng ton cu (CGI - Cell Global Identity). Trm di ng t nhn dng mt bng cch s dng m nhn dng trm gc (BSIC - Base Station Identity Code). Cc vng GSM c mi quan h cht ch vi nhau. Mi quan h gia cc vng ca GSM c th hin hnh 1.3.

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Vng phc v GSM (tt c cc nc thnh vin) Vng phc v PLMN (mt hay nhiu vng mt nc) Vng phc v MSC (vng c iu khin bi mt MSC) Vng nh v (Vng nh v v tm gi) Cell () (vng c mt trm gc ring)

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Hnh 1.3 V d v phn cp cu trc a l ca mng di ng cellular (GSM) 1.3 H thng chuyn mch (SS - Switching Subsystem) H thng chuyn mch bao gm cc chc nng chuyn mch chnh ca GSM cng nh cc c s d liu cn thit cho s liu thu bao v qun l di ng ca thu bao. Chc nng chnh ca SS l l qun l thng tin gia nhng ngi s dng mng GSM vi nhau v vi mng khc. 1.3.1 Trung tm chuyn mch cc nghip v di ng (MSC - Mobile Service Switching Centre) SS chc nng chnh chuyn mch chnh c MSC thc hin, nhim v chnh ca MSC l iu phi vic thit lp cuc gi n nhng ngi s dng mng GSM. Mt mt BSC giao tip vi h thng con BSS, mt khc giao tip vi mng ngoi c gi l MSC cng. Vic giao tip vi mng ngoi m bo thng tin cho nhng ngi s dng mng GSM i hi cng thch ng ( cc chc nng tng tc IWF :Interworking Function ). SS cng cn giao tip vi mng ngoi s dng cc kh nng truyn ti ca cc mng ny cho vic truyn ti s liu ca ngi s dng hoc bo hiu gia cc phn t ca mng GSM. Chng hn SS c th s dng mng bo hiu knh chung s 7 (CCS 7), mng ny m bo hot ng tng tc gia cc phn t ca SS trong nhiu hay mt mng GSM. MSC thng l mt tng i ln iu khin v qun l mt s cc b iu khin trm gc

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(BSC). Mt tng i MSC thch hp cho mt vng th v ngoi c dn c vo khong mt triu (vi mt thu bao trung bnh ). kt ni MSC vi mt s mng khc cn phi thch ng cc c im truyn dn ca GSM vi cc mng ny. Cc thch ng ny c gi l cc chc nng tng tc. IWF ( Interworking Function ) bao gm mt s thit b thch ng giao thc truyn dn. N cho php kt ni vi cc mng : PSPDN ( Packet Switched Public Data Network : mng s liu cng cng chuyn mch gi ) hay CSPDN ( Circuit Switched Public Data network : mng s liu cng cng chuyn mch theo mch) , n cng tn ti khi cc mng khc ch n thun l PSTN hay ISDN. IWF c th c thc hin trong cng chc nng MSC hay c th thit b ring, trng hp hai giao tip gia MSC v IWF c m. 1.3.2 B ghi nh v thng tr (HLR - Home Location Register) Ngoi MSC, SS bao gm c cc c s d liu. Cc thng tin lin quan n vic cung cp cc dch v vin thng c lu gi HLR khng ph thuc vo v tr hin thi ca thu bao. HLR cng cha cc thng tin lin quan n v tr hin thi ca thu bao. Thng HLR l mt my tnh ng ring khng c kh nng chuyn mch nhng c kh nng qun l hng trm ngn thu bao. Mt chc nng con ca HLR l nhn dng trung tm nhn thc AUC m nhim v ca trung tm ny l qun l an ton s liu ca cc thu bao c php. 1.3.3 B ghi nh v tm tr (VLR - Visitor Location Register) VLR l c s d liu th hai trong mng GSM. N c ni vi mt hay nhiu MSC v c nhim v lu gi tm thi s liu thu bao ca cc thu bao hin ang nm trong vng phc v ca MSC tng ng v ng thi lu gi s liu v v tr ca cc thu bao ni trn mc chnh xc hn HLR. Mi MSC c mt VLR. Ngay khi MS lu ng vo mt vng MSC mi, VLR lin kt vi MSC s yu cu s liu v MS ny t HLR. ng thi HLR s c thng bo l MS ang vng phc v no. Nu sau MS mun thc hin mt cuc gi, VLR s c tt c cc thng tin cn thit d thit lp cuc gi m khng cn hi HLR. C th coi VLR nh mt HLR phn b. D liu b sung c lu gi HLR gm : Tnh trng ca thu bao (bn, ri, khng tr li ... ). Nhn dng vng nh v (LAI). Nhn dng ca thu bao di ng tm thi (TMSI). S lu ng ca trm di ng (MSRN). 9

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Cc chc nng VLR thng c lin kt vi chc nng MSC. 1.3.4 Tng i di ng cng (GMSC - Gate MSC) SS c th cha nhiu MSC, VLR, HLR. thit lp mt cuc gi n ngi s dng GSM, trc ht cuc gi phi c nh tuyn n mt tng i cng c gi l GMSC m khng cn bit hin thi thu bao ang u. Cc tng i cng c nhim v ly thng tin v v tr ca thu bao v nh tuyn cuc gi n tng i ang qun l thu bao thi im hin thi ( MSC tm tr ). vy, trc ht cc tng i cng phi da trn s danh b ca thu bao tm ng HLR cn thit v hi HLR ny. Tng i cng c mt giao din vi cc mng bn ngoi thng qua giao din ny n lm nhim v cng kt ni cc mng bn ngoi vi mng GSM. Ngoi ra tng i ny cng c giao din bo hiu s 7 ( CCS 7 ) c th tng tc vi cc phn t khc ca SS. V phng din kinh t khng phi bao gi tng i cng cng ng ring m thng c kt hp vi MSC. 1.3.5 Trung tm nhn thc (AUC - Authentication Center) Trung tm nhn thc AUC c chc nng cung cp cho HLR cc thng s nhn thc v cc kho mt m. Trung tm nhn thc lin tc cung cp cc b ba cho tng thu bao. Cc b ba ny c coi nh l s liu lin quan n thu bao. Mt b ba (RAND, SRES, ho mt m (Kc) ) c s dng nhn thc mt cuc gi trnh trng hp Card thu bao (Card thng minh) b mt. t nht phi lun c mt b ba mi (cho mt thu bao) HLR lun c th cung cp b ba ny theo yu cu ca MSC/VLR. AUC ch yu cha mt s cc my tnh c nhn gi l PC - AUC to ra cc b ba v cung cp chng n HLR. PC - AUC c coi nh mt thit b vo/ra (I/O). Trong AUC cc bc sau y c thc hin to ra b ba : Mt s ngu nhin khng th on c (RAND) c to ra. RAND v Ki c s dng tnh ton tr li c mt hiu (SRES) v kho mt m (Kc) bng hai thut ton : o SRES = A3 (RAND , Ki) o Kc = A8 (RAND , Ki) RAND, SRES v Kc cng c a n HLR nh mt b ba. Qu trnh nhn thc s lun din ra mi ln thu bao truy cp vo mng ca h thng. Qu trnh nhn thc din ra nh sau : 10

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VLR c tt c cc thng tin c yu cu thc hin qu trnh nhn thc (Kc, SRES, RAND). Nu cc thng tin ny khng sn c VLR th VLR s yu cu chng t HLR / AUC. 1. B ba (Kc, SRES, RAND) c lu gi trong VLR. 2. VLR gi RAND qua MSC v BSS ti MS (khng c m ho). 3. MS s dng cc thut ton A3 v A8 v tham s Ki c lu gi trong SIM card ca MS, cng vi RAND nhn c t VLR, s tnh ton cc gi tr ca SRES v Kc. 4. MS gi SRES khng m ho ti VLR. 5. Trong VLR gi tr ca SRES c so snh vi SRES m nhn c t my di ng. Nu hai gi tr ny l ph hp th nhn thc l thnh cng. 6. Nu m ho c s dng, th Kc t b ba m c d nh trc s c gi ti BTS. 7. My di ng tnh ton Kc t RAND v Ki (Ki trong SIM) bng thut ton A8. 8. Dng Kc, thut ton A5 v s siu siu khung s m ho gia MS v BSS by gi c th xy ra qua giao din v tuyn. 1.3.6 Chc nng tng tc (IWF - Interworking Function) IWF cung cp chc nng m bo h thng GSM c th giao tip vi nhiu dng khc nhau ca cc mng s liu t nhn v cng cng ang c s dng. Cc c im c bn ca IWF gm : S thch hp tc d liu. S chuyn i giao thc. Mt s h thng yu cu nhiu kh nng ca IWF hn cc h thng khc, iu ny ph thuc vo mng m IWF c ni ti. CCS 7 Ph thuc quy nh ca tng nc, mt hng khai thc GSM c th c mng bo hiu CCS 7 ring hay chung. Nu hng khai thc c mng bo hiu ny ring th cc im chuyn giao bo hiu ( STP : Signaling Transfer Point ) c th s l mt b phn ca SS v c th c thc hin cc im nt ring hay trong cng mt MSC tu thuc vo hon cnh kinh t. Tng t mt nh khai thc GSM cng c th c quyn thc hin mt mng ring nh tuyn cc cuc gi gia GMSC v MSC hay thm ch nh tuyn cuc gi ra n im gn nht trc khi s dng mng c nh. 11

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Lc ny cc tng i qu giang ( TE :Transit Exchange ) c th s l mt b phn ca mng GSM v c th c thc hin nh mt nt ng ring hay kt hp vi MSC. 1.4 H thng trm gc BSS

C th ni BSS l mt h thng cc thit b c th ring cho cc tnh cht t ong v tuyn ca GSM. BSS giao din trc tip vi cc trm di ng ( MS ) thng qua giao din v tuyn. V th n bao gm cc thit b pht v thu ng truyn v tuyn v qun l cc chc nng ny. Mt khc BSS thc hin giao din vi cc tng i SS. Tm li BSS thc hin u ni cc MS vi tng i v nh vy u ni nhng ngi s dng cc trm di ng vi cc ngi s dng vin thng khc. BSS cng phi c iu khin v v vy n c u ni vi OSS. BSS bao gm hai loi thit b : BTS giao din vi MS v BSC giao din vi MSC. 1.4.1 Trm thu pht gc (BTS - Base Transceiver Station) Mt BTS bao gm cc thit b pht thu, anten v x l tn hiu c th cho giao din v tuyn. C th coi BTS l cc Modem v tuyn phc tp c thm mt s cc chc nng khc. Mt b phn quan trng ca BTS l TRAU (Transcoder and Rate Adapter Unit : khi chuyn i m v thch ng tc ). TRAU l thit b m qu trnh m ho v gii m ting c th ring cho GSM c tin hnh, y cng thc hin thch ng tc trong trng hp truyn s liu. TRAU l mt b phn ca BTS, nhng cng c th t cch xa BTS v thm ch trong nhiu trng hp c t gia BSC v MSC. Cc chc nng chnh ca BTS l : Bin i truyn dn (dy dn - v tuyn). Cc php o v tuyn. Phn tp anten. Mt m. Nhy tn. Truyn dn khng lin tc. ng b thi gian. Gim st v kim tra.

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Mi BTS c th c ti a 4 b thu pht (TRX - Transceiver). B kt hp pht cho php u ni 16 TRX trn cng mt anten. C th u ni 32 TRX n cng mt cp anten thu. 1.4.2 BSC BSC c nhim v qun l tt c giao din v tuyn thng qua cc lnh iu khin t xa BTS v MS. Cc lnh ny ch yu l cc lnh n nh, gii phng knh v tuyn v qun l chuyn giao ( Handover ). Mt pha BSC c ni vi BTS cn pha kia c ni vi MSC ca SS. Trong thc t BSC l mt tng i nh c kh nng tnh ton ng k. Vai tr ch yu ca n l qun l cc knh giao din v tuyn v chuyn giao. Mt BSC trung bnh c th qun l ti vi chc BTS ph thuc vo lu lng ca cc BTS ny. Giao din gia BSC vi MSC c gi l giao din A, cn giao din gia n vi BTS c gi l giao din Abis. BSC c cc chc nng chnh sau : Gim st cc trm v tuyn gc. Qun l mng v tuyn. iu khin ni thng n cc my di ng. nh v v chuyn giao. Qun l tm gi. Khai thc v bo dng ca BSS. Qun l mng truyn dn. Chc nng chuyn i my (gm c ghp 4 knh lu thng GSM ton b tc vo mt knh 64 kbit/s). M ho ting (gim tc bt ting xung 13 kbit/s) s c thc hin BSC. V vy mt ng PCM c th truyn c 4 cuc ni ting. 1.5 Trm di ng MS

Trm di ng l thit b duy nht m ngi s dng c th thng xuyn nhn thy ca h thng. MS c th l thit b t trong t hay thit b xch tay hoc cm tay. Loi thit b nh cm tay s l thit b trm di ng ph bin nht. Ngoi vic cha cc chc nng v tuyn chung v x l giao din v tuyn, MS cn phi cung cp giao din vi ngi s dng ( nh micro, loa, mn hin th, bn phm qun l cuc gi ) hoc giao din vi mt s cc thit b khc nh giao din vi my tnh c nhn, Fax ... Hin nay ngi ta ang c gng sn xut cc thit b u cui gn nh u ni vi trm

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di ng. Vic la chn cc thit b u cui hin m cho cc nh sn xut. Ta c th lit k ba chc nng chnh : Thit b u cui thc hin cc chc nng khng lin quan n mng GSM. Kt cui trm di ng thc hin cc chc nng lin quan n truyn dn giao din v tuyn. B thch ng u cui lm vic nh mt ca ni thng thit b u cui vi kt cui di ng. Cn s dng b thch ng u cui khi giao din ngoi trm di ng tun theo tiu chun ISDN u ni u cui - modem. * Cu trc ca mt my di ng : My di ng gm thit b di ng ME (Mobile Equipment) v modun nhn dng thu bao SIM (Subcriber Identity Module) Modun nhn dng thu bao : SIM l mt modun tho rt c cm vo mi khi thu bao mun s dng MS v rt ra khi MS khng c ngi hoc lp t MS khi ban u ng k thu bao. C hai phng n c a ra : - SIM dng card IC. - SIM dng cm. 1/ SIM dng card IC : l mt modun c mt giao tip vi bn ngoi theo cc tiu chun ISO v cc card IC. SIM c th l mt b phn ca card a dch v trong vin thng di ng GSM l mt trong s cc ng dng. 2/ SIM dng cm : l mt modun ring hon ton c tiu chun ho trong h thng GSM. N c d nh lp t bn c nh ME. Cc khai thc mng GSM l cc khai thc khi thit lp, hot ng xo mt cuc gi. Khi s dng ME, SIM m bo cc chc nng sau nu n nm trong khai thc ca mng GSM : Lu gi cc thng tin bo mt lin quan n thu bao (nh IMSI) v thc hin cc c ch nhn thc v to kho mt m. Khai thc PIN ngi s dng (nu cn c PIN) v qun l. Qun l thng tin lin quan n thu bao di ng ch c th thc hin khai thc mng GSM khi SIM c mt IMSI ng. SIM phi c kh nng x l mt s nhn dng c nhn (PIN), k c khi khng bao gi s dng n. PIN bao gm 4 n 8 ch s. Mt PIN ban u c np bi b hot ng dch v thi im ng k. Sau ngi s dng c th thay i PIN cng nh di PIN tu . Ngi s dng cng

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c th quyt nh c s dng chc nng PIN hay khng bng mt chc nng SIM-ME c gi l chc nng cm PIN. Vic cm ny gi nguyn cho n khi ngi s dng cho php li kim tra PIN. Nhn vin c php ca hng khai thc c th chn chc nng cm PIN khi ng k thu bao, ngha l thu bao khi b chn chc nng cm PIN khng cn la chn no khc l s dng PIN. Nu s dng PIN sai ngi dng nhn c mt ch th. Sau khi a vo 3 ln sai lin tip SIM b chn, thm ch c khi rt SIM ra hay tt MS. Chn SIM ngha l t n vo trng thi cm khai thc mng GSM, c th dng kho gii to chn c nhn gii to chn. Kho gii to chn c nhn l mt s c 8 ch s. Nu a ch s sai vo ngi dng nhn c ch th. Sau 10 ln lin tip a vo sai, SIM b chn ngay c khi rt SIM ra hay tt MS. Ngoi ra SIM phi c b nh khng mt thng tin cho mt s khi thng tin nh : S seri : L s n tr xc nh SIM v cha thng tin v nh sn xut, th h iu hnh, s SIM, ... Trng thi SIM (chn hay khng chn). Kho nhn thc. S nhn dng thu bao di ng quc t (IMSI). Kho mt m. S trnh t kho mt m. Nhn dng thu bao di ng tm thi (TMSI). Loi iu khin thm nhp thu bao. S nhn dng c nhn (PIN). 1.6 H thng khai thc v bo dng OSS OSS thc hin ba chc nng chnh sau : Khai thc v bo dng mng. Qun l thu bao v tnh cc. Qun l thit b di ng. Di y ta xt tng qut cc chc nng ni trn. 1.6.1 Khai thc v bo dng mng Khai thc l cc hot ng cho php nh khai thc mng theo di hnh vi ca mng nh : ti ca h thng , mc chm, s lng chuyn giao (handover) gia hai ... , nh vy nh khai thc c th gim st c ton

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b cht lng ca dch v m h cung cp cho khch hng v kp thi x l cc s c. Khai thc cng bao gm vic thay i cu hnh gim nhng vn xut hin thi im hin thi, chun b tng lu lng trong tng lai, tng vng ph. Vic thay i mng c th c thc hin "mm" qua bo hiu ( Chng hn thay i thng s handover thay i bin gii tng i gia hai ), hoc thc hin cng i hi s can thip ti hin trng (chng hn b sung thm dung lng truyn dn hay lp t mt trm mi ). h thng vin thng hin i khai thc c thc hin bng my tnh v c tp trung mt trm. Bo dng c nhim v pht hin, nh v v sa cha cc s c v hng hc. N c mt s quan h vi khai thc. Cc thit b mng vin thng hin i c kh nng t pht hin mt s s c hay d bo s c thng qua t kim tra . Trong nhiu trng hp ngi ta d phng cho thit b khi c s c c th thay th bng thit b d phng. S thay th ny c th c thc hin t ng, ngoi ra vic gim nh s c c th c ngi khai thc thc hin bng iu khin t xa. Bo dng cng bao gm c cc hot ng ti hin trng nhm thay i thit b c s c. H thng khai thc v bo dng c th c xy dng trn nguyn l TMN ( Telecommunication Management Network : mng qun l vin thng ). Lc ny mt mt h thng khai thc v bo dng c ni n cc phn t ca mng vin thng ( cc MSC , BSC , HLR v cc phn t mng khc tr BTS , v thm nhp n BTS c thc hin qua BSC ). Mt khc h thng khai thc v bo dng li c ni n my tnh ch ng vai tr giao tip ngi my. Theo tiu chun GSM h thng c gi l OMC ( Operation and Mainternance Center : Trung tm khai thc v bo dng ). 1.6.2 Qun l thu bao Bao gm cc hot ng qun l ng k thu bao. Nhim v u tin l nhp v xo thu bao khi mng. ng k thu bao cng c th rt phc tp , bao gm nhiu dch v v tnh nng b sung. Nh khai thc phi c th thm nhp vo tt c cc thng s ni trn. Mt nhim v quan trng khc ca nh khai thc l tnh cc cc cuc gi. Cc ph phi c tnh v gi n thu bao. Qun l thu bao mng GSM ch lin quan n HLR v mt s thit b OSS ring chng hn mng ni HLR vi cc thit b giao tip ngi my cc trung tm giao dch vi thu bao. Sim card cng ng vai tr nh mt b phn ca h thng qun l thu bao. 1.6.3 Qun l thit b di ng

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Qun l thit b di ng c b ng k nhn dng thit b EIR ( Equipment Identity Register ) thc hin. EIR lu gi tt c cc d liu lin quan n trm di ng MS. EIR cha s liu phn cng ca thit b _ l Nhn dng thit b di ng quc t (IMEI). IMEI l duy nht i vi mt thit b di ng (ME) nhng n khng phi l duy nht vi thu bao m ang s dng n thit lp hay nhn mt cuc gi. EIR c ni vi MSC qua mt ng bo hiu.N cho php MSC kim tra s hp l ca thit b, bng cch ny c th cm mt MS c dng khng c chp thun. C s d liu ca EIR cha danh sch cc IMEI c t chc nh sau : Danh sch trng : Cha cc IMEI m c dng n nh trc s hp l ca thit b di ng. Danh sch en : Cha cc IMEI ca MS m c thng bo l b mt cp hay b t chi phc v v mt s l do khc. Danh sch xm : Cha cc IMEI ca MS m c vn (TD : phn mm b li). Tuy nhin chng cha l do xc ng a vo danh sch en. 1.6.4 Trung tm qun l mng (NMC : Network Management Center) : NMC cung cp kh nng phn phi vic qun l mng c phn vng ho theo phn cp ca mt h thng GSM hon chnh. NMC chu trch nhim cho khai thc v bo dng mc mng. NMC nm nh ca cu trc mng v cung cp qun l mng ton cu. 1.6.5 Trung tm khai thc v bo dng (OMC : Operation and Maintenance Center) : OMC cung cp mt im trung tm m t iu khin v gim st cc thc th khc ca mng (nh : cc trm c s, cc chuyn mch, c s d liu ...) cng nh gim st cht lng dch v m c mng cung cp. C hai loi OMC l : OMC (R) - Operation and Maintenance Center - Radio Part : iu khin BSS. OMC (S) - Operation and Maintenance Center - Switch Part : iu khin NSS. OMC cung cp cc chc nng sau : - Qun l, cnh bo s kin. - Qun l vic thc hin. - Qun l cu hnh. - Qun l s an ton. NMC 17
Giao thc Q3

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