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&31 \!l1.'<;;i1~ <f.Bl I

"'7.<fi 0Q"1 c!l~

\5IN~\!)1 ~

Rlr;~ ""l~

I:'<TR,-?1~lo1()f?! \Sf<!>! :(,\!l 5i'f'l3\5fc'i, "1~1, ~,

-~

?J~~
,Q~ ~

0'io(,~
~

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~,

\!!<f.l}J >i\WR \Q'f~ I <f.V<f.~l

~~7fl17.'ti<.l~R<tl1

1f'~

~ <:J:J\7/@
@"1w.'fI:'<1 ~

'1llffl ~

I ~1f)1r.<tl ?fI'<61'C\5P!

-1(-61 <.jlGl I
«~)

~?
;:rI't7j

~I rx;r
"Smaller

<T8l"
-;J1l.

<f.M 15!"J:<lf~ 0-Gm


>I~j

r.<f1<=!

w.TfiS"1 ~
01 adult"
C~<l>@ I

M':?

l~f-el1'R,~
I

"f.l&i 1 (m<h,
<t~ ~ C]'P1

"J:7.<fra{~
(~'&9.b- ~ <£lffi

I~

C"f"/~<l

(~~b-~)

"k;l.4"1 ~@I,<:m:?ffi bj(5j.11.~

-c!lt>1<:r<f."<fT?:<f.l¢~~;n~

~11'[, -

M~ ""11 inferior version ('1'i'?1T(~J"i3g ),1-'~~) c<!>~ ~ ~ @9ff.~p:j~ ~ 'G0l ':5r1~' <Q~ "'f.Gli"'ffu f1'~<nJ, ,'Mc"?! ~' (childlike) ~
version 01' adult" 'childbh'
I

MC

'Poi

<f.@

"l \:;lr;~ ;;rt f<if8J, c!lDfl


~1!i(pl

r.;1]~ r.O'jf~

f.ijl- ~

~
<Tfl:<ll

f~
indeed it

71"11Gl~.

<fi'I7:?R <£l1.'i)j.1 - (~-~


people IS not ahackward
,ij

ffi~11i1?jl'C'T\
or retarded

\51<ff ~O'j

(G"lN:C.;)JPi ~,ITIlIy

"A primitive

people:

'M~$l ~'
<f.@

~
I~

\54rf.Bl
'~"1' hildish c
~

'1Df ~

~fDl, ~IC1"""i"! 10Pl~~


- f.tC~1C~ - 'W"I <l'0 ~ I~ r:<l--Q<f'<5,<'1

posses, in one realm or another, 01' cl\'ili/"J ~


~

genius for invention or action () ~~\') g ') o.:;_)

~(f1jr.1R,r"?l~ <l!I\:J<lJ-&
<f.@

'(OWf., 'T,5~'F!~

that leaves the achievement W9ffi

people

Car behind."

~rf.!vf.1 ~

0!'-S-m<1' !jC~lli~h<i ~
(i31

'fufSlfG'I:l'
~

C~

'@l1f!li'l' .j1\Si1 ,,~


~~,

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\!!~

"<J01mm9f 6fC?ffi ~

'f.W;'!J!{ ~

I ?I'0<f.1<ilr.~ ~

'Jjr.:rr_;l' I Gl'fJ17pj ~~9f?j

~w.'Zl<r ~
<l<'<¢!~

~
~

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n.:r ~~,

I 'I:l1<l41fh 15Wl'R "-f.1:1 CIJ\!)"1l r.<!'T~

~ >J!.~jr.l!J~00 ~ \!'iTB! <f.f'm01-~-"l5f<JPf. ~~ Ji


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,....,...

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<;J7.9B! C'f.f.1 c!l<f. ~

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'-Sf~~ I 1'Q)1 4Vl


,.......

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~

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1.!lJj<l

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~
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-~~ 'Jj~~ ~

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~

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l' <mI5~{1

<fiij\!) '3I<:l'51@j.j 9J"'li~1 <!'l~ ~-

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,~
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'5f,<f41id;\ii
<IT -~f"?f0Bf

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~ 4'1i$F.j ~

!f~''2'f1(J~:rll ffi~

'1'811 <i"if.'! <rtFM, ~

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q;'$Jr;;:3 QJT'

r:tlT.4' ~~~

\5l<if'iolo;l1!f.i (Deindustrialization) c!lUl 03f c<Wll1 <rrn, '5IT">i"?lP11Vf. ~

~~
~

&~~ f.tGr ~
~ ~~

~
~

c!l<ffi1 ~

\5l"'l-;rn ( Drai n of wca II h )-

1FWf.T"rof
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~(~?;'lTi;--) ~-~ ~~

~
I

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<f.$i1 <,$IH I ~

2'?R3'

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r-

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I '.15HU1.fJ

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(static)

~1
~

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05!0l J:I~

~ I c<f.R ~~1

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Wl ~,

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-c!l

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'I:l1i'1CI.:;l'~~@@ "fPf1."B!~'
semi-civilized ~ communnics"

(''''ftC?j ~')

'1of.:rrn 0if~
051

m G31 ~~CI.!>I
<f.rnCj

"l1.:;l['<::>'1

'<Ib

>I[5'f llD3 C~lr.r.-l

@r.i'if'@s
"slTI~1I semi-

W!3l' '>jf\!;~I<-l ~

P4r~t.<t- I~Bl~

<l1 C~~,

-:rfu:;j ~

i5J<if'ioli;lhlrl

~ilH I ~

?fM<fRVJ1'>IT

<f.'<J1
9j'.l/

'iffil ~
~

barbarian,

I <£lll'1 Jlm;gi ~

m~~m:<1
~ ("l'rPL

:;'f"rCIJ'I':'TI ~

r4"r?~~ m.<!J~ G5R! <f.@

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~ '4r<f.

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I,<P(.i7j!}i(_ I

fi1;:~Ir:~
-!j~

m~, ~~O'fi1m<'1"'Rl Gl"ilrl<f


'unconscrou-,

fi'!lH R1 ~

<f.(<!d

~~'ffil{; ~'&1Fl

f<I~ ~
t7j~11~<rr:<f<'l

'::5lGi F<1f"":'l ~'<f.lif0i<J11 ~ ~ i!:I~ !l~ ~ OTlf"; I ~~ ~'C c!l~ Gll,(!;&frfib¢ ~'il'U1 "~l<r~<t(.<f<'l "'Il'6~l fWG1 I" '\5fT'f.ir' ~ '\!IBH$! ~>ff.1~il-ffVl, ~ ~ ~<r ~ ~*I~?j'.l/ f.'r,;)fc; ~ .!]~ --:.:rrn f<l: 'iI-Rl ~ ~ M"I-S:s>~I¢ ~ r.~ ~ '6l]<?i>b fi0¢ ~
1

~i:fi ~I!i,........

r r;q.-l

<11<,,;(!<'I '(!9;~ ~i5i"j

I"'~~

'15\<11 ~ divisron

~<fl

c<l ~~'if

r-»

DlO'J ~,
<v.:>l ~loq;7:"'1 ~

r-

~.

!.ll<l<T-I;!,!)

Sif~nVl

R1~f<l ~

1001 If<'.fli.<l <f.1\S' <f.T.'IT'i( I ~f~ "l'n:;<

iunallermlling

01 lahnur r ~

~•

rR;

("f"l1

mm~
~81 r:"1T<fcf_;f.ff
<f.91 L!l~ '5I1<!4i
~~

r:<m
~'ij

:lIM",IWc<s>"FI ~,
~ 'f.@

ft-IJ ~
-.Q~ ~ -J'NI

:1'<1WF- r.<f.i!i ~
st7.?ff ~Qft ?
~~~ -"WH/'~

511~ ~

@~

(}f<flr.ii'1 ~-

"how western man had construcred rhc savage as the

other to impose his own savagery on hirnrsic:

The Jungle has become theatre of <l<l"l\')!1.<t-'\5'ffif 'r,trn <r~


\5f~ (.~

"~'i'ffi

~ ~

_,.M~ -wll9j'i I
A

thai enacuncru." ( :, ",,,IT ~ .:.,« 9.)

'-'1,,,,'8

4iQJ1 ~$ff<I\XI~~ ~
~

<IT ~-&~~9j'<l1~~
~~ ~ ~ J=f~~Cf L!l~\

C<rfi'1m~~
$

'- 't.5lTf.iI'
Clrn I \!if1'!i1~

'\51$ff' r:<f. ~

51T?fRJ

~ J=f\~Cf

cm'<l
~ -

'5If~

PW-

<.£IW 2!T."Zf.i>f"t~ZJ5f'11

'>frn ~

I ~QfI I~~
no or

<!I~~~,)'BI<m~~~~~'W9j'f~

~<:rR ~~
"@"1~ t.5l9fii<J 'fl ~ t.5l~

~rl:1f<l\:;?I\b't~11 Rl:;]st';, €"'l~~

~
<:!M" \514l<!&'!l
I "Every

<m~

c<1 "l1\ '11 0J<f. Fr,?,.JO'lBl <;p'<f1 <V,i:'ff§$iOH ff<SR1'<1ii 151 t] ~'!l ~_
LO

Cj 111111:11'01<1 ~?j<fti'!

"tC~J

<:j

18"'l5f l)J9f181

man i" enemy


110

every other man. There is no people lor industry, no instruments

~ CIK"8i ~'ij

Dfi:'fR I.tR'!l 011'ijO'l" tmM f


(c<r>M llBr011 ?fr..'l 'f(\") ~
x~

culture of the earth,

navigation,
no account

lor

moving. no knowledge

<!.I~ <i\QJ1~1¢Sj<!lqj <!.I~ ~ \!>TB!18 L!l~ ~

'8 0f"~IP1~I'8 ~

<ffi"'l'Pi C"<l1ff.'i ~~

c<l ~

C<lf.mt ~~
~G3!'~~

(,s ~ ~~o)
<;p~!;(~'l:1-~~
-~

the face of [he earth.

of time. no arts, no letters. no societv."

.
C<i<f.ii€f1W ~ ~~
~ I '5Jllftllrf.\')

L!l7:J=f <J c

liM ~

?(fuCj\5 ~

\5lRC'jr¢I~Ciii'l ~Cf

~~ m!"i!)tC~i'l 018m? ~ ~~

~1<:!~<!u:f'!1 ~,

(j'f<!<i1 ~

¢"'@ ? ~

~
~
051;<>[

-~~
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~
~

:>'l~I!l-c!l~ ~

[t;&>~~ Dn'<l '511~'8 Jf!\~ q~ ~ ~I


~-f.n ~ ~
? t.5lZ~ 'f(\" I '!1(A"II5C~ll

m C~,
~ ~

~~I":ll 9ji:lI~1.:1 ~

t~
1lQ)1 ~ •

o!IfiOmr-~"PHf"<1ff;'!l <rI om-c'iflla1<tl I ~~ ? ~9fm ~$i'


~1I7~!)I«:~1:Z

c<J <r>mT

~ ~

\5IIClIfMIi1 -<!l1Jr'B

I o!I05I C'll"C'j" ~-~

~q

<;pQftI ~<lBI ~

~
'3f@ ~

<1I'>fu C"f<J ~

m~ ~
-~

fi
~

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c<f.ii'1 ~

~~'ilI;rn Zi1<1mrnFil ~
~?

Hiif'"

11>

.fr ~

fWrrn
~''I51<!1'?f

'iK'31 ~
~ij]

R<:lfR!.<t-i1 ~>~? I fi3R~, <!I~'~ L!l~~~'iWI"~~~\5IB!

-~
~'<I

<:JlT.<f. ~

\!51 ~

'\!51511~ ~

-b'r1~ ~
~<ji$ff"BlI~i'5ffiI~Ell"l

~
L!lW~

Cl1f~, L!l~ ~ €frn'>1Wl ~~ ~~ ~ ~"l1'i'f\%ff Wf. ~ c<ivs ~ ~'1 ~ m;;1 ~e;18 t!l<! w'(f) c<l Zi1~
~
~

~1<1~<lu(<m1~m~ '5I19jl~'!l

<rI ~i:1

<.R'Ml ~

"A group of people living on few acres of land will set

up boundaries between their land and its immediate surroundings and the territory beyond. which they called The land cfburbarinns. sal pracucc of designating ill one's mind a familiar In other words, the universpace which is 'ours' and un

( ~I(;<f.potcn li al

energy<wrl"l5"1:Fi,~'>f<l:~killl'licene!,gy~~<!.I~~

~o;:rrn
~ij

~<Pl,
I~
~Qj

)",,,,',.') )12'9. ;
'13

-'ill)

R~'1'&1<tli1C9~ ~ ~~ ~, ~

*'1<1 - ~ '~'
~T.<f.

"'l1iT ~'~

GTr.'1'm
C~
I

He" 'i"f1it'1T~'<I1l
\3 ~ ~

unfamiliar

space beyond 'ours' which is 'theirs' is a way thar can he entirely arbitrary arbitrary."

Dr making

geographical

w.~.

dlsrinctrons

L!l~ i:.fFlCfl ~ '13F'l1~

-G9>i <!Itlrr<f.

<.fI ~

L!lW 'f-ffi'"1"!!:: 8l..!lSl \;Mj \5Bl1-

DJ1T.G'l~ 'i!lifrffir

~~f\b

~"Bl

'iil113F'l1 <.!J~

.!l<f. '<l'?a' 81 i3IT:<l' c<l c<l>1'1 ~ ~ ~ c<l" ..!l~ ~


I \!)~ \5l'f@1 ;Ui(.~roll:l

~,
()f'8m

c<l"

~~
0W1 ~ -<!l~ 6lfCiif!<f.rnii ~

~ ~,

«I~-f.mr<r"i,

~9ffir ~ ~W

\5IICC'jI4it~

~
'ij'"C'j"l'f ~

,zH~t~'!1 ~ C~ I I

r;<.!>R ~
~ I5'@l

"'ifu~

C"l7:'>i, c<l" C<l'Fl ~mIftI'

<mJ1

c~
I~

c<Jii <l'@~~ 'out there' I ~ \5li~

01f~

(<n \5i"'l1BlTS1~ <P'fC1) C<f ~


\5$111 ~Jf<1~?f01fu
'..!l:q;~~~1

<rI

<ffi""fT<Wi ~
L!lffi
18

Irlfil\!)?8I 151 J=f~~

;;r~'i "lRI ~

<!IV! 0JlC'I'1'<! <lMl ~

f.i~$1 ;ro1ii~'G$;
fu:;i':(1;!) I

'61'i',.r;5r~cd~c~~

~
fr"iRI~

<rI c<t'I<f.CC'jii1 L!l~ ~ illl.ti.t."l!1

-O"'l~

;;rJ11.'!11tJ1I:I1 _

I~

(';) ~b-h') L!l<r.lJTCC4~ 'tOJ'!1!ISS"I

'f':>~fifi'r\!)~
~

1'1':>J?1IC"'i1 @"l-;rrr:;r

'5IfW9f\5J ~ fu-?:r \5lII,C'j~l

~
<f.'!1f." ~~~,

-~~
<f'lj.l~, xtudicd

ftD1<l frir.<rct

C\5l ~

f)ill'l:1

0IPl
(1."'1fi1

Vfl<1lr.iifl(i1,

..... The explanauon lolic in the (act that the phcnumena


lur distum. in lime if not in 'raCe),"

arc vcrv old (und thcrcfore

t;1!PL

~ ~ ~~

~I.")~

~)

~ 11 ~
~QJBl !

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f<n'wr<j

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C~
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C<!G11'f1;.11~0'fL I
;::;rpJ

-~r.o;

~~

'f.-<H' • ~

'11, '5!~,<!) GfI~<Rl

~1<I.F.jE rx,1 r.;rr:"'l <iTlJ ITlsrnptlOns'5i8l ~ir§7.·lf\.,';<jl"JI~ff'!'-:1 f.nr:;r<f.~'fi"'f~!FTI iI~ <f<fl 'Tf'f. (/f~ ~~f1 (jiQll, r;'<l<ri[<'l (5]19fO'1 ~ C5l1<rlifl 1il~~1.1r.4 ~bf<:'·"?! t~(3i <!TIl I \3~@LtI@\!; ..!lOR Iil<f. ~I~
"<j'i .,~ 'i] '<l @

.fl'"R c!1q.11~~'<Bl

fi1r:<f.

~lf<R~J-;rn !.Q~

-<m~
111'<I8l ?f1'll1\f5Pt.1$1!
ternological

~
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0'!"<tc~

(l'{i'r,<1i .fl':~II!;"1 ~
r:;.f.7;]

(l1<n Gf~

"BI. '4-~~

9fTi'3l <:r! ~f~73!Fj ~

<f.73I! '5~ '1''1'''; m'<J7."1$l


~

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-. ....... ,......

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<m:<f. 'I5"[qll

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<I '\'j '<I \;-<r \bI1<J~
1

<fl"?f1 "Ii I ~RI

em "l1,>i'-~
05<:' "iTI I <rIP1
<f~ (11t~

~<i1

Nr'.7.'I

}fl~B!
.£I~

oreal. / rupture Ilhrc~hlllJ ~Rff T'f. 'Jrn. ~

Archaeological
~~-

isoiopia C'17:~1 ~ ~'"

II,";~,

~,;-....

r:<r

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r-

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hunung techniques

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of consignment

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In

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designate their ethnic group


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D. Bandyopadhyay,

Folklore and Folklanguage : Mvth or Realitv. Kalyani. 1995. New York, 1986.

K. Basu, "A Failure Story", The Telegraph, Calcutta, 9 June, 1995.


?ffQj¢~.,~~I~ >1<'11 ~1151~Jilt/I ";:"'",~I N. A. Chomsky, Knowledge ofLanguage.
'"

<i, ~"'lP,i'.<'1P1<r.It>IW.~<j \5l'<.Cilf~ ("::b-([ 0-")


I~, )",,,,8 I

P. Dasgupta, Review article in the Indian Linguistics, Vol.49, Nos-I-~ (Page


8 "I ) I "¢r.1<l'"f13f, ) ",if'\ I 131~141), Pune, 1988.

[511\';:'1 B"B.

~~r"1 WIf.T '6

P. Dasguplu, Projective Syntax:


)l:rl!l~ I I

Them)" and Application,

Pune. 1989,

'@~.
?j(.&,,~

~'&l,~ <Wf.I 1'j~:iR

I~

~ <KF~ Ei.!io<i5j,~,

M. Foucault, The order


York. 1973.

0/

things : An Archaeolog» oj Human Sciences, New

M, r.<f'1'ij1i7ffi ~
21~ ~
~
~

<:fj~-i I~,
I (f.c.'j't-I'!ll, ':.I '" "'~ I

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M. Foucault,
I 98!!.

The History

11" Sexualitv

.' {/IJ introduction. Vol. I. New York.

mr"'~ f.rJi.
~I

'1<IT~, f<f~~?

I~, I <t-~1,

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R. Guha, Elementary Aspects oj Peasant lnstugencv ill Colonial India, Delhi,


f9R3.

'[sfflI

"F-"<Ii"'t-II:!1TII, '6 q:«I1

";: ,~'tr. f.t~l~ "

M. A. K. Halliday,

LaI1.~II(jge {IS a

Social Semiotic. London, 1979.

K. Marx, {18K7). Till' Capital. Delhi, 1983. D, P. Partanayak. R. Phillipson, P. S, Ray.

MOSCOft'.

11)86.
/'('COI'l'IT

A. [\landy, The intimate enemv :

LO.>'5

and

of sel] under coloniulism.

Multilinguolism {IntiMother- Tongue Education, (With a Fore-

word by Ivan lilichl Delhi. 1911L Linguistic Imperialism. Oxford, Standardization' 1992. 1. (Ed.) The Sociologv 'Language in Fishman

ol

Language, Paris. 1968.


E. W. Said,

o tientalisrn , London,

1978. 1984191.

E. W. Said, The Wnr/d. The Texi and The Critic, London.

·S. Sengupta,
L. S trauss,

E. W. Said, Culture and Imperialism, ,..

London,

1993,

Folklore and Folklife ill India, Calcutta. 1975. 1959.

E. Stokes, The Eng/lll1 Utilitarians ill lndia. Bombay, Structural Anthropology, London, 1963

S. Visvanathan, 'On the annals of Laboratory State' in A Nandy Ed. Science,

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