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The single toggle crusher is designed for a high capacity throughput due to the elliptical movement of the swing jaw
which also assists in the discharge of the crushed material.
As the single toggle crusher will achieve far higher capacities than the double toggle design, they are often used as a
primary crusher.
Jaw crushers process medium to hard quarry rock or other materials by compressing it between the fixed jaw and the
swing jaw.
INTRODUCTION
The swing jaw being the moving part is attached to a rotating eccentric shaft. The fixed jaw is an integral part of the
crusher frame. Both jaws are fitted with manganese jaw liners that can be replaced or reversed when worn.
During the crushing operation, the toggle plate which acts as a pivot point for the jawstock, controls movement of the
lower part of the swing jaw.
Although the toggle plate is designed to bend or break if uncrushable objects enter the crushing chamber, this is only
applicable if these uncrushables are in the zone around the toggle plate.
If uncrushable objects are at the top of the crushing chamber, it is likely that bearing failure can occur.
Similarly, if the uncrushable object have managed to get below the toggle plate movement plane and sit at the bottom of
the crushing chamber this could result in the bottom of the jawstock being broken.
Hence, it is important to understand the limitation of a toggle plate when these other factors are present.
As the swing jaw opens and closes , it compresses and crushes the material against the fixed
or stationary jaw and the crushed material then drops to the discharge opening at the base of
the crusher.
This opening is adjustable by adding or subtracting shims between the toggle beam and the
crusher frame.
This adjustment is necessary when setting the different types of crushing requirements and to
compensate for wear on the manganese jaw liners.
The basic difference between the single toggle crusher and the double toggle is the movement of the jaws. The single
toggle has an elliptical movement whilst the double toggle has a pendulum movement.
A rule of thumb selection for either a single toggle or a double toggle is that when the material to be crushed has a
compressive strength of up to 400Mpa and with a production capacity requirement of up to 1600tph, the correct
machine would be the single toggle.
For much harder and highly abrasive materials with a compressive strength of up to 600 Mpa, the double toggle
crusher would be the preferred machine.
The double toggle is capable of handling extremely hard rock and Ferro materials, but rate of feed and reduction ratio’s
are restricted.
With the top of the hinged swing jaw almost perpendicular to the crushing chamber, high compression is achieved by
the linear stroke of the toggle movement thus minimising wear on the jaw liners.
Jaw Crusher Components
Moving weldment that crushes rock against the stationary jaw.
Swing Jaw
Fits inside the main frame
INTRODUCTION
Tension Rod Assembly Provides tension that holds the swing jaw against the toggle plate
On double toggle crushers the system of toggle levers that connect to the
Toggle Levers
Pitman
Main Frame Bearing Rotational surface between the eccentric shaft and the main frame
Swing Jaw Bearing Rotational surface between the eccentric shaft and swing jaw
A shaft machined with a portion of its axis off-centre to create the swinging
Eccentric Shaft
(crushing) motion of the swing jaw
Flywheel - Grooved The input energy that drives the eccentric shaft through a series of vee belts
Flywheel - Flat face Helps maintain crusher speed as load conditions change.
The closed side setting (CSS) of the crusher will require adjustment dependant upon the required sizes of the crushed
material. This is done by the use of shims at the discharge opening of bottom of the jaw. Hydraulic adjustment is
another way of changing the CSS.
Single Toggle Jaw Crusher
A - Swingstock
OSBORN SINGLE AND DOUBLE TOGGLE JAW CRUSHERS
K B - Main frame
C - Cheek plates
D - Fixed jaw
H E - Swing jaw
C E F - Toggle plate & beam
I G - Tension rod assembly
H - Bearings
I - Bearing mounts
J
J - Eccentric shaft
K - Flywheel
A
B
D
G
PITMAN
TOGGLE PLATES TOGGLE TENSION ROD
BLOCK
Osborn Hadfields Single Toggle - Heavy Duty
Performance Schedule
Data based on Dry Limestone @ 1.6t/m3. Performance schedule setting is Peak to Valley on Heavy Duty machines. Max lump not applicable to small
settings. Crushing ratio = Feed size to CSS = 6:1 on mined ore.
Screen Analysis
-5 1 2 2 2 3 3 6 6 7 7 8 12 16 20
Information for reading screen analysis • 61% will pass through a 20mm square opening
To illustrate the approximate screen analysis from an Osborn • 41% will pass through a 10mm
Hadfields Heavy Duty Jaw Crusher, the following results can be square opening
read from the relevant table. • 16% will pass through a 5mm square opening
Using a 48” x 18” as a typical popular crusher model and set at a Note: On the Osborn Hadfields and Osborn Telsmith Heavy Duty
25mm CSS we can read off the screen analysis table that: Jaw Crushers, the CSS is measured from peak to valley.
The CSS on the Telsmith Std Heavy Duty Jaw Crusher is measured
• 100% will pass through a 40mm square opening
from peak to peak.
• 81% will pass through a 25mm square opening
Osborn Hadfields Double Toggle - Heavy Duty
Performance Schedule
OSBORN HADFIELDS DOUBLE TOGGLE - HEAVY DUTY
SIZE OF FEED OPENING CLOSED SIDE SETTING & CAPACITY (Depending on material type)
Width x Depth
25 40 50 75 100 130 150 180 200 250
24” x 13” 15 25 40 55 70
Max Lump to to to to to
265mm 25 35 50 65 80
30” x 23” 50 65 75 90
Max Lump to to to to
470mm 60 70 95 120
36” x 25” 95 110 140 180
Max Lump to to to to
600mm 120 150 200 250
42” x 32” 150 170 250 300
Max Lump to to to to
650mm 200 260 310 350
48” x 36” 300 440 540 600
Max Lump to to to to
730mm 440 540 640 700
48” x 42” 300 440 540 600
Max Lump to to to to
850mm 440 540 640 700
60” x 52’ 500 550 680 750 820
Max Lump to to to to to
1 050mm 600 650 780 850 920
Data based on Dry Limestone @ 1.6t/m3. Performance schedule setting is Peak to Valley on Heavy Duty machines. Max lump not applicable to small
settings. Crushing ratio = Feed size to CSS = 6:1 on mined ore.
Screen Analysis
-200 57 67 78 89 95 100
and very abrasive material
-180 52 58 68 79 87 96
-150 42 49 59 69 77 90 100
-130 32 38 44 56 65 77 95 100
-100 22 27 32 41 52 63 81 95
-75 13 17 21 28 36 46 60 81 100 100
-50 7 9 13 18 22 24 38 54 80 88 100
-40 4 5 9 13 16 18 26 38 62 72 92 100
-25 2 2 6 9 11 12 15 23 38 46 72 92
-20 1 1 4 5 7 8 11 15 28 32 52 70
-10 0.5 0.5 2 3 4 5 6 9 18 17 32 35
-5 0 0 1 1 2 3 3 4 6 7 14 17
Osborn Telsmith Single Toggle - Standard Duty
Performance Schedule
Data based on Dry Limestone @ 1.6t/m3. Performance schedule setting is Peak to Peak on Standard Duty machines. Max lump not applicable to
small settings. Crushing ratio = Feed size to CSS = 6:1 on mined ore.
Screen Analysis
-330 100
-300 95
-280 90 100
-250 85 97
-230 78 91 100 100
For material below 280 MPa
-200 70 85 98 98
-180 60 76 92 91 100
-150 50 65 82 81 92 100
-130 40 51 70 69 80 93 100 100
-100 30 39 56 55 66 82 89 96
-90 25 33 48 47 58 73 82 89 100
-75 20 27 39 39 49 62 72 82 93 100
-60 17 22 31 31 39 52 60 68 80 93 100
-50 14 17 23 23 28 41 47 55 65 80 97 100
-40 10 12 17 18 22 28 33 40 49 65 84 90
-25 7 7 11 11 14 18 21 25 28 43 55 68
-20 5 5 9 9 11 14 18 18 23 31 39 50
-10 2 2 6 4 4 8 9 9 11 14 20 29
-5 1 1 3 2 2 4 4 5 6 7 9 12
Osborn Telsmith Single Toggle - Heavy Duty
Performance Schedule
SIZE OF FEED CLOSED SIDE SETTING & CAPACITY (Depending on material type)
OSBORN TELSMITH SINGLE TOGGLE - HEAVY DUTY
OPENING
Width x Depth
10 20 25 40 50 60 75 90 100 130 150 180 200 230 300
12” x 8” 2 3 4 6
Max Lump to to to to
162mm 5 6 7 W9
24” x 5” 7 9 12 17
Max Lump to to to to
100mm 10 12 15 21
30” X 42” 180 220 260 300
Max Lump to to to to
608mm 210 250 290 340
42” X 48” 410 450 500 550 600 700
Max Lump to to to to to to
850mm 460 510 560 610 660 770
50” X 60” 580 600 640 740 820
Max Lump to to to to to
1 015mm 640 680 720 810 890
Data based on Dry Limestone @ 1.6t/m3. Performance schedule setting is Peak to Valley on Heavy Duty machines. Max lump not applicable to small
settings. Crushing ratio = Feed size to CSS = 6:1 on mined ore.
Screen Analysis
-150 40 50 65 71 82 92 100
-130 31 40 51 60 70 80 95 100 100
-100 22 30 39 46 56 66 82 89 96
-90 20 25 33 39 48 58 73 82 90 100
-75 17 20 27 32 39 49 62 72 83 93 100
-60 14 17 22 26 31 39 52 60 70 81 95 100
-50 11 14 17 20 23 28 41 47 56 65 80 97
-40 9 10 12 15 17 21 28 33 40 48 63 80 100 100
-25 6 7 7 10 11 14 18 22 25 29 43 54 81 98
-20 4 5 5 7 9 11 14 16 19 22 30 38 61 80
-10 2 3 3 5 6 7 10 11 13 14 19 25 41 60
-5 1 2 2 2 3 3 6 6 7 7 8 12 16 20
How to determine maximum feed
for a 3042 Jaw Crusher
Crusher Gape 30”
(smallest dimension 760 mm
of the feed opening) TOP
30” (760 mm) 600 mm
Maximum Feed
= 30” (760 mm) x 0.8
= 24” (600 mm)
How to determine maximum
Jaw Crusher Feed
Top Crushing leads
to shaft and bearing
damage. This is the 30”
weakest point of a
Settings in above case is as follows Single Toggle Crusher.
600 mm Lump ÷ 6 = 100 CSS (F:CSS) 6 : 1
Yield 600 mm Lump ÷ 4 = 150 mm
Product Lump (F : P) 4 : 1
When setting below this ratio effective manganese wear
increases
Slippage,
Percolation
Nip Angle
The nip angle of the crusher jaw plates will determine the Nip Angle
effectiveness of the machine.
Nip Angle is the angle created Nip Angle
The crushing action takes place low in the jaw cavity and is between the fixed and swing jaw
referred to as the choke point. liners.
If the nip angle is too big then the jaws will not be able to grab • Range 11˚- 23˚ optimal 19˚
the material and often in this case, the material is pushed for most material types
upwards. This would result in extreme wear on the jaws and
a significent production decrease. • Maximum nip angle occurs
at minimum discharge
When determining the nip angle, the type, bulk density and setting with curved liners
general material characteristics will be influential in the Nip Angle
This provides very good breaking Produces high percentage flat particles
over the sharp tooth Very good life but costly
Reduced flat particles Generally used in the Ferrometals Industry
The curved Jaw decreases the nip angle and Andesite Quarries.
at the bottom of the crusher and moves Can mix smooth jaw with toothed jaw
the point of crush (choke point) higher
up in the chamber
JAW SELECTION
Peak to Valley
setting Setting between
tooth and flat jaw
Jaw Selection
Curved Jaw Flat Tooth Small Curve
• Deep Tooth
• Smooth Tooth
• Square Tooth (flat)
• Fine Tooth (shallow)
Type
Loose Bulk Density Kg/m³
Compressive Strength Mpa
Abrasiveness High Medium Low
Moisture Content % Max % Min
Shape of Material
DUTY
Capacity mtph
Max.Feed Lump Size mm
Min. Feed Lump Size mm
Feed Analysis Size - mm - mm - mm - mm
% Passing % % % %
Product Size Req’d mm COMPILED BY
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Model A B C D E F G H J K L
Feed inlet
12” x 8” 1175 620 490 415 455 985 265 450 615 n/a 300
24” x 5” 1080 530 480 520 635 1220 445 735 1030 205 380
A
30” x 42” 2940 1995 1580 520 795 2650 745 1245 1635 350 400
42” x 48” 3860 2700 2145 875 965 3200 1015 1445 2210 480 455
B
50” x 60” 4215 2760 2345 1015 1365 3980 1120 1710 2660 540 510
C D
48” X 12” 1820 980 810 820 895 1625 770 1065 1690 50 400
E L
F Drawback
48” X 18” 2260 1585 580 1055 1115 1755 770 1130 1700 100 230 rod clearance
80” X 60” 5470 4200 2615 1335 1685 4600 1500 1920 3310 750 800
Telsmith Single Toggle
Osborn Telsmith Single Toggle - Standard Duty D
F E
Model A B C D E F G H J K L
10” X 21’ 1320 850 565 400 615 1070 380 655 865 n/a 305 Top of flywheel
10” X 30’ 1370 735 685 335 400 1170 510 815 570 100 200 Feed inlet
15” X 24” 1735 1050 845 405 470 1380 500 770 1005 70 245
20” X 32” 2290 1455 945 540 605 1610 590 965 1310 90 950
A
20” X 36” 2080 1290 1250 620 470 1805 630 1100 1375 280 460
22” x 50” 2210 1375 1425 520 595 2100 845 2540 1810 200 250
25” X 40” 2300 1495 1450 460 535 2060 710 1185 1590 155 360
K
L E
D C
30” X 42” 2630 1680 1695 650 740 2525 735 1250 1645 395 635 Drawback F
rod clearance
30” X 55” 2630 1680 1695 650 740 2525 900 1415 1975 395 635
36” X 48” 2340 2150 1990 780 870 2950 815 2740 1795 175 150 Hadfields Double Toggle
Osborn Hadfields Double Toggle - Heavy Duty NOTE: All dimensions are indicative only.
Please consult Osborn for more information
Model A B C D E F G H J K L
24” X 13” 1510 930 870 460 995 2370 445 790 1040 160 150 Head Office:
30” X 23” 1755 1235 1070 330 1070 2875 545 1050 1245 270 200 PO Box 8182
Elandsfontein
36” X 25” 2060 1550 1525 655 1340 3495 660 1025 1510 280 330 1406
Johannesburg
42” X 32’ 2085 2345 2310 780 1405 4040 737 1205 1745 300 350 South Africa
Tel: +27 11 820 7600
48” X 42’ 2465 2540 2365 1170 1625 4445 890 1495 2045 455 535 Fax: +27 11 388 1136
60” X 52” 2930 2895 3240 1510 1825 5380 1045 1545 2275 555 580 E-mail: osborn@osborn.co.za
www.osborn.co.za
Osborn, Designers and Manufacturers of Bulk Materials Handling Equipment and Minerals Processing Plant and Equipment