Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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CONTENTS
1. DG-1-START
2. DG-2-CLEAN UP
3. DG-3-CHALKING
4. DG-4-EXCAVATION
5. DG-5-TERMITE CONTROL
6. DG-6-EXCAVATION CHECK
7. DG-7-P.C.C.
8. DG-8- FOUNDATION 1
9. DG-9- D.P.C.1
CONSTRUCTION MANUAL
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CONTENTS
37. DG-37-STAIRS
51. DG-51-O.H.W.T.
CONSTRUCTION MANUAL
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CONTENTS
73. DG-73-U.G.W.T.
74. DG-74-KHURA
84. DG-84-DOORS
CONSTRUCTION MANUAL
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1. DG-1-START
a. The construction will be started right after the approval of the drawings of the building by the
approving authority.
2. DG-2-CLEAN UP
a. The site will be prepared for the construction by getting rid of all the weeds and other wild plants
Site
3. DG-3-CHALKING
a. The central lines of the masonry walls of the building will be marked on the earth with the help of
chalks.
4. DG-4-EXCAVATION
5. DG-5-TERMITE CONTROL
will be sprayed on all the horizontal and vertical surfaces of the excavated ground.
6. DG-6-EXCAVATION CHECK
a. After completing the spray of termite control solution, the excavation site will be checked by the
architect in order to make sure excavation has been done according to plan.
7. DG-7-P.C.C.
a. On the excavated ground, 6” thick P.C.C. base (Plain Cement Concrete) will be laid.
b. The ratio of Cement, Sand and Aggregate used in P.C.C. will be 1:6:12.
d. The width of the P.C.C. base will be specified by the Structural Engineer.
e. The cement for the building should have at least 6000 PSI strength.
8. DG-8- FOUNDATION
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c. 1:2:4 cement, sand and aggregate ratio will be gained for protecting the building from the
moisture content.
c. 1:3 cement and sand ratio will be used for protecting the building from the moisture content.
a. The earth will be filled in the excavated portion after the construction of the foundation.
a. Walls will be constructed till 4’ height by laying the bricks on top of each other.
d. English brick bonding will be used for the construction of the walls.
e. The mortar used for the 9” thick wall will be composed of cement and sand in a ratio of 1:5.
f. The mortar used for the 4 ½” thick walls will be composed of cement and sand in a ratio of 1:4.
a. The masonry walls will be constructed upto 7’ height from the proposed finished floor level.
a. The lintels of the ground floor will be constructed for supporting the load of the masonry above the
b. The lintels will be of R.C.C. having the ratio 1:2:4 of cement, sand and aggregate.
c. The lintels will be having shoulders extending 6” on each side of the openings.
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a. The masonry walls will be constructed upto 10’ height from the proposed finished floor level when
a. Wooden boards made of Keeker/Tali wood will be used for the shuttering.
a. Reinforcement Iron bars will be laid horizontally at right angles to each other.
b. The length, form and diameter of the Iron Bars will be specified by the Structural Engineer.
c. Reinforcement bars will be laid on the top of the shuttering at a distance of about 1”.
e. Reinforcement bars will be placed at the bottom and the top of the R.C.C. slab.
f. The bars will be connected with each other with steel wires.
a. Electrical conduit pipes will be installed in the mesh of the Reinforced Iron Bars.
b. The material for the pipe walls used will be P.V.C., i.e., Polyvinyl Chloride.
b. The internal diameter of the pipes for electrification other than Air Conditioning is ¾”.
d. The internal diameter of the pipes for the Air Conditioning is 1”.
a. The concrete mixture of cement, sand and aggregate with a ratio of 1:2:4 will be poured into the
c. After leveling, the surface will be smoothed with the help of a hand trowel.
a. When the concrete mixture has been poured, it will be checked by the architect.
b. The curing of the ground floor slab will be done for seven days.
a. The shuttering of the wooden boards will be removed when the curing of the slab is done and the
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a. The ratio of cement and sand used for the plaster of the ceiling will be 1:3.
a. Before applying the ground floor wall plaster, the walls will be chiseled and spaces will be made to
a. The ratio of cement and sand used for the plaster of the internal walls will be 1:4.
b. Plaster of ½” thickness will be applied on the walls to provide a base for the wall finish, i.e., paint.
a. A 6” wide trench will be dug into the ground around the masonry of ground floor.
b. Hiflex Termite Control solution or equivalent will be sprayed into this trench to protect the building
a. The first step for starting the flooring of ground floor is to lay sanitary pipes according to the
planning.
b. On the compacted earth, 12” thick layer of kassu (sand and soil mix) will be spread.
g. The ratio of the cement, sand and aggregate in the base layer will be 1:2:4.
h. The verticality and horizontality of the tiles will be checked before laying the tiles.
i. The floor tiles (porcelain or marble) will be laid on the base layer of P.C.C. with the mortar according
to the design.
a. The ¾” thick marble countertop in the kitchen will be fixed at the specified height according to the
design.
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a. The vanity unit for the ground floor bathrooms will be installed according to the design.
a. The porcelain floor tiles will be laid on the 1½” thick base layer of P.C.C. with the mortar according
to
the design.
c. The verticality and horizontality of the tiles will be checked with the help of levels before laying the
tiles.
a. The design of the water closet, water basin, shower, water mixers, Muslim shower, toilet paper
rack,
b. All the fixtures will be fixed according to the planning of each bathroom on the ground floor.
a. The porcelain floor tiles for the kitchen will be laid on the 1½” thick base layer of P.C.C. with the
c. The verticality and horizontality of the tiles will be checked before laying the tiles.
a. The design of the cooking rang and the hood will be specified by the architect.
37. DG-37-STAIRS
b. The ratio of cement, sand and aggregate in the concrete will be 1:2:4.
c. The diameter and the form of the reinforcement bars will be specified by the structural engineer.
d. The intervals between the steel bars will be specified by the structural engineer.
f. The tread of the stairs will be 10½” from centre to centre in round staircase.
a. The brick masonry will be started when the stairs are finished.
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a. Walls will be constructed till 4’ height by laying the bricks on top of each other.
d. English brick bonding will be used for the construction of the walls.
e. The mortar used for the 9” thick wall will be composed of cement and sand in a ratio of 1:5.
f. The mortar used for the 4 ½”thick wall will be composed of cement and sand in a ratio of 1:4.
a. Metal door frames in the servant quarter and servant bathroom will be installed when brick
masonry
a. The masonry walls will be constructed upto 7’ height from the proposed finished floor level.
a. The lintels of the first floor will be constructed for supporting the load of the masonry above the
b. The lintels will be of R.C.C. having the ratio 1:2:4 of cement, sand and aggregate.
c. The lintels will be having shoulders extending 6” on each side of the openings.
a. The masonry walls will be constructed upto 10’ height from the proposed finished floor level when
the
a. Wooden boards made of Keeker/Tali wood will be used for the shuttering.
a. Reinforcement Iron bars will be laid horizontally at right angles to each other.
b. The length, form and diameter of the Iron Bars will be specified by the Structural Engineer.
c. Reinforcement bars will be laid on the top of the shuttering at a distance of about 1”.
e. Reinforcement bars will be placed at the bottom and the top of the R.C.C. slab.
f. The bars will be connected with each other with steel wires.
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a. Electrical conduit pipes will be installed in the mesh of the Reinforced Iron Bars.
b. The material for the conduit pipe used will be P.V.C., i.e., Polyvinyl Chloride.
b. The internal diameter of the pipes for electrification other than Air Conditioning is ¾”.
a. The concrete mixture of cement, sand and aggregate with a ratio of 1:2:4 will be poured into the
c. After leveling, the surface will be smoothed with the help of a hand trowel.
48. DG-48-F.F. SLAB POURING CHECK
a. When the concrete is poured into the reinforcement bars, the slab will be checked by the architect
for
b. For curing, the R.C.C. slab is kept under water so that it can gain enough strength to carry the
loads
of the building.
a. Concrete parapet wall will be constructed on the edges of the roof slab.
c. The ratio of the cement and sand used for the mortar will be 1:4.
51. DG-51-O.H.W.T.
a. Over Head Water Tank will be constructed on the roof top according to the design.
b. The tank will be elevated upto 12” from the upper level of R.C.C. slab on concrete legs.
a. Polyurethane will be sprayed on top of the slab as water proofing and heat insulation material.
a.
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a. When the roof tiling is done, the work on the roof will be checked by the architects for any
discrepancies.
a. The shuttering of the wooden boards will be removed when the curing of the slab is done and the
a. The ratio of cement and sand used for the plaster of the ceiling will be 1:3.
a. Before applying the first floor wall plaster, the walls will be chiseled and spaces will be made to
a. The ratio of cement and sand used for the plaster of the internal walls will be 1:4.
b. Plaster of ½” thickness will be applied on the walls to provide a base for the wall finish, i.e., paint.
a. The first step for starting the flooring of ground floor is to lay sanitary pipes according to the
planning.
b. On the compacted earth, 12” thick layer of kassu (sand and soil mix) will be spread.
CONSTRUCTION MANUAL
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g. The ratio of the cement, sand and aggregate in the base layer will be 1:2:4.
h. The verticality and horizontality of the tiles will be checked before laying the tiles.
i. The floor tiles (porcelain or marble) will be laid on the base layer of P.C.C. with the mortar according
to the design.
a. The porcelain floor tiles will be laid on the 1½” thick base layer of P.C.C. with the mortar according
to
the design.
c. The verticality and horizontality of the tiles will be checked with the help of levels before laying the
tiles.
a. The design of the water closet, water basin, shower, water mixers, muslim shower, toilet paper
rack,
b. All the fixtures will be fixed according to the planning of each bathroom on the ground floor.
a. When all the internal works, including masonry and installing fixtures have been done, it will be
a. The ratio of cement and sand used for the plaster of the external walls will be 1:3.
b. Plaster of ½” thickness will be applied on the walls to provide a base for the wall finish.
a. After the plastering of the external walls of the building, it will be checked by the architects to make
sure that the level of the plaster is same on all surfaces and that It has been done perfectly.
68. DG-68-SEWER
a. When the external plaster of the building is done, sewer pipes will be laid according to the design.
b. These pipes used for sewerage are R.C.C. pipes, whose internal diameter is 6”.
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c. Pipes will be tested in order to ensure their strength. The test executed for this purpose is Pressure
Test.
d. The sewer pipes are connected with each other through Main Holes.
a. The pipelines coming from the main water supply to the Over Head Water Tank will be having the
b. The water from OHWT will be distributed to bath rooms and kitchen of the building through G.I.
pipes,
i.e., Galvanized Iron pipes. The internal diameter of the pipes will be 1¼”-1½”.
c. The pipes distributing water to the basin mixer and shower mixer will be having internal diameter of
¾”.
d. The pipes distributing water to the water closet will be having internal diameter of ½”.
e. The pipes are fitted into the spaces provided by chiseling the brick masonry.
70. DG-70-ELECTRICITY WORKS
a. The electrical wiring will be inserted into the conduits according to the electrification plan.
b. The specifications for the wiring of the incandescent lights, fluorescent lights, fans and air
a. The gas supply will be distributed to different rooms of the building through G.I. pipes, i.e.,
c. The pipes are fitted into the spaces provided by chiseling the brick masonry.
a. The sewage will pass through the sewer pipes and then fall into the Septic Tank.
b. The base of the Septic Tank is made up of 4” P.C.C. where the ratio of the cement, sand and
aggregate is 1:4:8.
d. The top of the tank is 6” thick R.C.C. slab, having the ratio of 1:2:4.
73. DG-73-U.G.W.T.
a. Under Ground Water Tank will be built under the car porch.
b. A 6” P.C.C. layer with cement, sand and aggregate ratio of 1:4:8 will be spread at a specified level.
f. The diameter, form and intervals between reinforcement bars will be specified by the structural
engineer.
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g. The ratio of cement, sand and aggregate in R.C.C. will also be specified by the structural engineer.
h. The tank will be lined internally with ½” thick terrazzo.
74. DG-74-KHURA
a. The boundary wall will be built around the building to specify its boundary according to the design.
c. The mortar will be composed of cement and sand with a ratio of 1:4.
d. The wall will be covered with ½” thick plaster of cement and sand with a ratio of 1:3.
a. The floor of the driveway will be laid with1” thick terrazzo finish.
a. The main gate of the building will be installed into the space provided with the hinges.
b. If some discrepancies are found, they will be fixed before proceeding further.
a. The primer coat of the paint will be applied on the internal walls.
b. Two more coats will be brushed or rolled according to the texture specified.
c. Matt emulsion paint will be used for the rooms except bath rooms.
d. Enamel paint finish will be given for the bathroom walls and ceilings.
a. The primer coat of the paint will be applied on the external walls.
b. Two more coats will be applied on the external surfaces according to the texture specified.
81. DG-81-WINDOW FRAMES
a. The Aluminum window frames will be fixed into the openings provided.
b. The specifications of the Aluminum window frames will be given by the manufacturer.
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b. The glass panes will be fixed with the rubber lining into the Aluminum frames already fixed into the
a. The grills of the windows will be fixed in front of the window glass for protection.
84. DG-84-DOORS
a. The design of the leaf, hinges and knob of the doors will be specified by the designer.
b. The frames for the doors will be erected according to the specifications given by the manufacturer.
b. All the doors will be fixed into the frames with the help of the hinges.
a. The wooden cabinets of the kitchen will be erected according to the design specified by the
architect.
a. The wooden wardrobes in the rooms will be built according to the design specified by the architect.
a. The handrail of the staircase and the railing of the terrace will be designed in Iron by the designer.
a. The elements of soft landscape will be provided in the lawn according to the design.
b. The soft landscape elements will include trees, plants, flowers etc.
a. The main gate will be painted with the specified shade of paint.
c. One more coat of the paint will be applied on the gate to give it the final finish.
91. DG-91-FINISH
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