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C H A P T E R 8
kh ⎡⎣ ψ r − ψ wf ⎤⎦
Qg = (8-1)
1422 T ⎡ ln ⎛ e ⎞ − 0.75 + s ⎤
r
⎢⎣ ⎝ rw ⎠ ⎥⎦
546
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Qg kh
J= = (8-2)
ψ r − ψ wf 1422 T ⎡ ln ⎛ re ⎞ − 0.75 + s ⎤
⎢⎣ ⎝ rw ⎠ ⎥⎦
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or
Q g = J (ψ r − ψ wf ) (8-3)
with the absolute open flow potential (AOF), i.e., maximum gas flow
rate (Qg)max, as calculated by:
(Q g )max = J ψ r (8-4)
where J = productivity index, Mscf/day/psi2/cp
(Qg)max = AOF
ψ wf = ψ r − ⎛ Q g
1
⎝J ) (8-5)
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pr
kh ⎛ 2p ⎞
Qg = ∫ ⎜⎝ μ z ⎟⎠ dp (8-6)
1422 T ⎡ ln ⎛ e ⎞ − 0.75 + s ⎤
r p wf g
⎢⎣ ⎝ rw ⎠ ⎥⎦
zT
Bg = 0.00504 (8-7)
p
where Bg = gas formation volume factor, bbl/scf
z = gas compressibility factor
T = temperature, °R
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⎡ ⎤
⎢ 7.08 (10 −6 ) kh ⎥
pr
⎛ 1 ⎞
Qg = ⎢ ⎥ ∫ ⎜⎝ μ B ⎟⎠ dp (8-8)
⎢ ln ⎛ e ⎞ − 0.75 + s ⎥
r p wf g g
⎣ ⎝ rw ⎠ ⎦
Figure 8-2 shows a typical plot of the gas pressure functions (2p/μgz)
and (1/μg Bg ) versus pressure. The integral in Equations 8-6 and 8-8 rep-
resents the area under the curve between –pr and pwf.
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As illustrated in Figure 8-2, the pressure function exhibits the follow-
ing three distinct pressure application regions.
When both pwf and –pr are higher than 3,000 psi, the pressure functions
(2p/μgz) and (1/μg Bg ) are nearly constants. This observation suggests
that the pressure term (1/μg Bg ) in Equation 8-8 can be treated as a con-
stant and removed outside the integral, to give the following approxima-
tion to Equation 8-6:
7.08 (10 −6 ) kh ( pr − p wf )
Qg = (8-99)
( μ g Bg )avg ⎡ ln ⎛ e ⎞ − 0.75 + s ⎤
r
⎢⎣ ⎝ rw ⎠ ⎥⎦
p r + p wf
pavg = (8-10)
2
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