C–1 ] [ Circle : Maximize Your Potential

Circle : Maximize Your Potential

1. If the coordinates of one end of the diameter 9. Consider the circles x2 + (y – 1)2 = 9, (x – 1)2 +
of the circle x2 + y2 – 8x – 4y + c = 0 are (–3, 2) y2 = 25. They are such that
then the coordinates of other end are0 (a) These circles touch each other
(a) (5, 3) (b) (6, 2) (b) One of these circles lies entirely inside the other
(c) (1, – 8) (d) (11, 2) (c) Each of the these circle lies outside the other
2. The two circles x2 + y2 – 2x – 3 = 0 and (d) They intersect in two points
x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 8 = 0 are such that 10. Locus of a point which moves such that sum
(a) They touch each other of the squares of its distances from the sides
(b) They intersect each other of a square of side unity is 9, is
(c) One lies inside the other (d) None of these (a) Straight line (b) Circle
3. A line is drawn through a fixed point P(α α , β) (c) Parabola (d) None of these
to cut the circle x2 + y2 = r2 at A and B. Then
11. Tangents are drawn from any point on the
PA. PB is equal to
circle x2 + y2 = a2 to the circle x2 + y2 = b2. If
(a) (α + β)2 – r2 (b) α2 + β2 – r2 the chord of contact touches the circle x2 +
(c) (α – β)2 + r2 (d) None of these y2 = c2, a > b, then
4. The number of common tangents to two (a) a, b, c are in A.P. (b) a, b, c are in G.P.
circles x2 + y2 = 4 and x2 + y2 – 8x + 12 = 0 is
(c) a, b, c are in H.P. (d) a, c, b are in G.P.
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
12. If (x, 3) and (3, 5) are the extremities of a
5. The line lx + my + n = 0 is normal to the circle
diameter of a circle with centre at (2, y), then
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0, if
the value of x and y are
(a) lg + mf – n = 0 (b) lg + mf + n = 0
(a) x = 1, y = 4 (b) x = 4, y = 1
(c) lg – mf – n = 0 (d) lg – mf + n = 0
(c) x = 8, y = 2 (d) None of these
6. The equation of the image of the circle
x2 + y2 + 16x – 24y + 183 = 0 by the line mirror 13. The slope of the tangent at the point (h, h) of
4x + 7y + 13 = 0 is the circle x2 + y2 = a2 is
(a) x2 + y2 + 32x – 4y + 235 = 0 (a) 0 (b) 1
(b) x2 + y2 + 32x + 4y – 235 = 0 (c) –1 (d) Depends on h
(c) x2 + y2 + 32x – 4y – 235 = 0 14. P, Q and R are the centres and r1, r2, r3 are
(d) x2 + y2 + 32x + 4y + 235 = 0 the radii respectively of three coaxial circles,
7. The tangent at P any point on the circle x2 + then QRr12 + R Pr22 + PQr32 =
y2 = 4 meets the coordinate axes in A and B, (a) PQ⋅QR⋅RP (b) – PQ⋅QR⋅RP
then (c) PQ2 ⋅ QR2⋅RP2 (d) None of these
(a) Length of AB is constant
15. Equation to the circles which touch the lines
(b) PA and PB are always equal 3x – 4y + 1 = 0, 4x + 3y – 7 = 0 and pass through
(c) The locus of the mid-point of AB is (2, 3) are
x2 + y2 = x2y2 (a) (x – 2)2 + (y – 8)2 = 25
(d) None of these (b) 5x2 + 5y2 – 12x – 24y + 31 = 0
8. A circle passes through the origin and has (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
its centre on y = x. If it cuts x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y +
10 = 0 or thogonally, then the equation of the 16. If the circles of same radius a and centres at
circle is (2, 3) and (5, 6) cut orthogonally, then a =
(a) x2 + y2 – x – y = 0 (b) x2 + y2 – 6x – 4y = 0 (a) 1 (b) 2

(c) x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 0 (d) x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y = 0 (c) 3 (d) 4

(C-9)
Circle : Maximize Your Potential ] [ C–2

17. The line ax + by + c = 0 is normal to the circle (a) p2 = q2 (b) p2 = 8q2

x2 + y2 = r2. The portion of the line ax + by + (c) p2 < 8q2 (d) p2 > 8q2
c = 0 intercepted by this circle is of length 26. The circles x2 + y2 – 10x + 16 = 0 and x2 + y2 = r2
(a) r (b) r2 (c) 2r (d) r intersect each other in two distinct points if
18. The circles + x2 y2
+ 4x + 6y + 3 = 0 and 2(x2 + (a) r < 2 (b) r > 8
y2) + 6x + 4y + C = 0 will cut orthogonally, if (c) 2 < r < 8 (d) 2 ≤ r ≤ 8
C equals FG 5, − 1 IJ
(a) 4 (b) 18 (c) 12 (d) 16
27. The polar of the point
H 2K w.r.t. circle

19. Equation to the tangent to the circle x2 + y2 (x – 2)2 + y2 = 4 is

= a2 which is perpendicular to the straight (a) 5x – 10y + 2 = 0 (b) 6x – y – 20 = 0
line y = mx + c is (c) 10x – y – 10 = 0 (d) x – 10y – 2 = 0
x 28. The number of common tangents to the
(a) y = − ± a 1 + m2 (b) x + my = ±a 1 + m
2
m circles x2 + y2 = 4 and x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y = 24 is
FG 1 IJ 2 (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 4
(c) x + my = ±a 1 +
H mK (d) x – my = ±a 1 + m
2
29. The circle x2 + y2 –8x + 4y + 4 = 0 touches
20. Radius of the circle (x – 1) (x – 3) + (y – 2) (y – (a) x -axis only (b) y-axis only
4) = 0 is (c) Both x and y-axis (d) Does not touch any axis
(a) 2 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 2 2 30. The equation 2x 2 + 2y 2 + 4x + 8y + 15 = 0
21. If the circles x2 + y2 – 2ax + c = 0 and x2 + y2 + represents
2by + 2λλ = 0 intersect orthogonally, then the (a) A pair of straight lines (b) A circle
value of λ is (c) An ellipse (d) None of these
(a) c (b) –c 31. The condition that the circle (x – 3)2 + (y – 4)2 =
(c) 0 (d) None of the above r2 lies entirely within the circle x2 + y2 = R2, is
22. The equation of the circle in the first (a) R + r ≤ 7 (b) R2 + r2 < 49
quadrant which touches each axis at a (c) R2 – r2 < 25 (d) R – r > 5
distance 5 from the origin is 32. The length of the common chord of the circles
(a) x2 + y2 + 5x + 5y + 25 = 0 x2 + y2 + 2x + 3y + 1 = 0 and x2 + y2 + 4x + 3y + 2
(b) x2 + y2 – 10x – 10y + 25 = 0 = 0 is
(c) x2 + y2 – 5x – 5y + 25 = 0 9 3
(a) (b) 2 2 (c) 3 2 (d)
2 2
(d) x2 + y2 + 10x + 10y + 25 = 0 33. The square of the length of the tangent from
23. Any circle through the points of intersection (3, –4) on the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y + 3 = 0 is
of the lines x + 3y = 1 and 3x − y = 2 if (a) 20 (b) 30 (c) 40 (d) 50
intersects these lines at points P and Q, then 34. If the straight line ax + by = 2; a, b ≠ 0 touches
the angle subtended by the arc PQ at its the circle x2 + y2 – 2x = 3 and is normal to the
centre is circle x2 + y2 – 4y = 6, then the values of a and
(a) 180° (b) 90° (c) 120° b are respectively
4
(d) Depends on centre and radius (a) 1, –1 (b) 1, 2 (c) − , 1 (d) 2, 1
3
24. If a circle, whose centre is (–1, 1) touches the 35. The equation of normal to the circle
straight line x + 2y + 12 = 0, then the 2x2 + 2y2 – 2x – 5y + 3 = 0 at (1, 1) is
coordinates of the point of contact are
F −7 I F −18 , −21IJ
(a) 2x + y = 3 (b) x – 2y = 3
(a) GH , − 4JK (b) GH
5 K
(c) x + 2y = 3 (d) None of these
2 5
36. The equation of the circle which passes
(c) (2, –7) (d) (–2, –5) through the intersection of x2 + y2 + 13x – 3y
25. If two distinct chords, drawn from the point = 0 and 2x2 + 2y2 + 4x – 7y – 25 = 0 and whose
(p, q) on the circle x2 + y2 = px + qy (where pq centre lies on 13x + 30y = 0
≠ 0) are bisected by the x-axis, then
C–3 ] [ Circle : Maximize Your Potential

(a) x2 + y2 + 30x – 13y – 25 = 0 45. The equation of three circles are

(b) 4x2 + 4y2 + 30x – 13y – 25 = 0 x2 + y2 – 12x – 16y + 64 = 0, 3x2 + 3y2 – 36x + 81
(c) 2x2 + 2y2 + 30x – 13y – 25 = 0 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 16x + 81 = 0. The coordinates
of the point from which the length of tangent
(d) x2 + y2 + 30x – 13y + 25 = 0
drawn to each of the three circle is equal to
37. The circle x2 + y2 – 3x – 4y + 2 = 0 cuts x-axis at
FG 33 , 2IJ
(a) (2, 0), (–3, 0) (b) (3, 0), (4, 0) (a)
H4 K (b) (2, 2)
(c) (1, 0), (–1, 0) (d) (1, 0), (2, 0) F 33 I
(c) G 2, J
38. The two circles x2 + y2 – 2x + 6y + 6 = 0 and H 4K (d) None of these
x2 + y2 – 5x + 6y + 15 = 0 46. The polars drawn from (–1, 2) to the circles
(a) Intersect (b) Are concentric S1 ≡ x2 + y2 + 6y + 7 = 0
(c) Touch internally (d) Touch externally S2 ≡ x2 + y2 + 6x + 1 = 0 are
39. Radical axis of the circles 3x2 + 3y2 – 7x + 8y + (a) Parallel (b) Equal
11 = 0 and x2 + y2 – 3x – 4y + 5 = 0 is (c) Perpendicular (d) Intersect at a point
(a) x + 10y + 2 = 0 (b) x + 10y – 2 = 0 47. The centre of a circle is (2, –3) and the
(c) x + 10y + 8 = 0 (d) x + 10y – 8 = 0 π . Then the equation of
circumference is 10π
the circle is
40. The locus of the centre of circle which cuts
the circles x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 9 = 0 and (a) x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y + 12 = 0
x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y + 4 = 0 orthogonally is (b) x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y + 12 = 0
(a) 12x + 8y + 5 = 0 (b) 8x + 12y + 5 = 0 (c) x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y – 12 = 0
(c) 8x – 12y + 5 = 0 (d) None of these (d) x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y – 12 = 0
41. If the chord y = mx + 1 of the circle x2 + y2 = 1 48. The centre of the circle, which cuts
subtends an angle of measure 45°at the major orthogonally each of the three circles
segment of the circle then value of m is x2 + y2 + 2x + 17y + 4 = 0, x2 + y2 + 7x + 6y + 11
(a) 2 (b) –2 (c) –1 (d) None of these = 0, x2 + y2 – x + 22y + 3 = 0 is
42. The equation of the circle of radius 5 and (a) (3, 2) (b) (1, 2) (c) (2, 3) (d) (0, 2)
touching the coordinate axes in third 49. The equation to the tangents to the circle x2
quadrant is + y2 = 4, which are parallel to x + 2y + 3 = 0,
(a) (x – 5)2 + (y + 5)2 = 25 are
(b) (x + 4)2 + (y + 4)2 = 25 (a) x – 2y = 2 (b) x + 2y = ±2 3
(c) (x + 6)2 + (y + 6)2 = 25
(c) x + 2y = ±2 5 (d) x – 2y = ±2 5
(d) (x + 5)2 + (y + 5)2 = 25
50. The centre of circle inscribed in square
43. If a > 2b > 0 then the positive value of m for
formed by the lines x2 – 8x + 12 = 0 and y2 –
which y = mx − b 1 + m 2 is a common 14y + 45 = 0. is
tangent to x2 + y2 = b2 and (x – a)2 + y2 = b2, is (a) (4, 7) (b) (7, 4) (c) (9, 4) (d) (4, 9)
2b a 2 − 4 b2 51. If the circle + x2 y2
+ 6x – 2y + k = 0 bisects the
(a) (b) circumference of the circle x2 + y2 + 2x – 6y –
a − 4b
2 2
2b
15 = 0, then k =
2b b
(c) (d) (a) 21 (b) –21 (c) 23 (d) –23
a − 2b a − 2b
44. The normal at the point (3, 4) on a circle cuts 52. If 5x – 12y + 10 = 0 and 12y – 5x + 16 = 0 are two
the circle at the point (–1, –2). Then the tangents to a circle, then the radius of the
equation of the circle is circle is
(a) x2 + y2 + 2x – 2y – 13 = 0 (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 6
(b) x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 11 = 0 53. The line 3x – 2y = k meets the circle x2 + y2 =
(c) x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y + 12 = 0 4r2 at only one point, if k2
52 2 20 2
(d) x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y + 14 = 0 (a) 20r2 (b) 52 r2 (c) r (d) r
9 9
Circle : Maximize Your Potential ] [ C–4

x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 .......(i)

ANSWERS & SOLUTIONS This passes through (0, 0), therefore c = 0.
The centre (–g, –f) of (i) lies on y = x, hence g = f.
Ans 1. (d) Ans 2. (b)
Since (i) cuts the circle
Ans. 3. (b)
x2 + y2 –4x – 6y + 10 = 0 orthogonally, therefore
Ans 4. (c) Here C1 = (0, 0), r1 = 2, C2 = (4, 0),
2(–2g – 3f) = c + 10 ⇒ – 10g = 10
r2 = 2. Here C1C2 = 4 = r1 + r2.
( Q g = f and c = 0) ⇒ g = f = –1
Thus two circles touch externally.
Hence the required circle is x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 0.
Hence, the number of common tangents is 3.
Ans 9. (b) Centres and radii of the given circles are
Ans 5. (a) We know that normal always passes
through centre of circle, therefore (–g, –f) must lie on Centres : C1 (0, 1), C2 (1, 0);
lx + my + n = 0. Hence lg + mf – n = 0. Radii : r1 = 3, r2 = 5.
Ans 6. (d) The centre of the required circle is the Clearly, C1C 2 = 2 < ( r2 − r1 ).
image of the centre (–8, 12) with respect to the line
mirror 4x + 7y + 13 = 0 and radius equal to the radius Therefore one circle lies entirely inside the other.
of the given circle. Ans 10. (b) x2 + (x – 1)2 + y2 + (y – 1)2 = 9
Let (h, k) be the image of the point (–8, 12) with respect Ans 11. (b) Chord of contact of any point
to the line mirror. Then the mid-point of the line joining (a cos θ, a sin θ) on 1st circle w.r.t. 2nd circle is
C(–8, 12) and P(h, k) lies on the line mirror. ax cos θ + ay sin θ = b2.
FG h − 8 IJ + 7FG k + 12 IJ + 13 = 0 Ans 12. (a) Centre is mid-point of diameter.
∴ 4 H 2 K H 2 K Ans 13. (c) hx + hy – a2 = 0 has slope – 1.
or 4h + 7k + 78 = 0 .......(i)
Ans 14. (b) As ∑ g1 ( g 2 − g3 )
2
Also CP is perpendicular to 4x + 7y + 13 = 0
= –(g1 – g2) (g2 – g3) (g3 – g1).
k − 12 4 Ans 15. (c) Since both the circles given in option (a)
∴ × − = −1
h+8 7 and (b) satisfy the given conditions.
or 7h – 4k + 104 = 0 ......(ii) Ans 16. (c) (C1C2 ) 2 = r12 + r22 ⇒ 2a2 = 18 ⇒ a = 3.
Solving (i) and (ii), h = –16, k = –2.
Ans 17. (c) Length of intercepted part is nothing but
Thus the centre of the image circle is (–16, –2). The diameter.
radius of the image circle is same as the radius of
3 C
x2 + y2 + 16x – 24y + 183 = 0 i.e., 5. Ans 18. (b) 2 × 2 × +2×3×1=3+ ⇒ C = 18.
2 2
Hence the equation of the required circle is Ans 19. (b) Line perpendicular to y = mx + c is
(x + 16)2 + (y + 2)2 = 52 1
y=– x + λ ⇒ λ = ±a 1 + m2
i.e., x2 + y2 + 32x + 4y + 235 = 0 m
Ans 7. (c) Let P(x1, y1) be a point on Hence required tangent is
x2 + y2 = 4. my + x = ± a 1 + m
2

Then the equation of the tangent at P is

Ans 20. (b) Equation of a circle line joining the points
xx1 + yy1 = 4 which meets the coordinate axes at
(x – 1) (x – 3) + (y – 2) ( y – 4) = 0
FG 4 ,0IJ FG 4 IJ 1 1 2 2
A
Hx K
1
and B 0,
H y1 K
. so, radius =
2
(3 − 1) 2 + ( 4 − 2) 2 =
2
8=
2
= 2

Obviously (a) and (b) are not true. Ans 21. (d) Condition for circle intersects orthogonally,
c
Let (h, k) be the mid-point of AB. 2(g1g2 + f1f2) = c1 + c2 ⇒ 0 = c + 2λ ⇒ λ = −
2
2 2 Ans 22. (b) The centre of the circle which touches each
Therefore h = ,k =
axis in first quadrant at a distance 5, will be (5, 5) and
x1 y1
2 2 radius will be 5.
i.e., x1 = , y1 = ∴ (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = a2
h k
But (x1, y1) lies on x2 + y2 = 4. Hence the result. ⇒ (x – 5)2 + (y – 5)2 = (5)2
Ans 8.(c) Let the required circle be ⇒ x2 + y2 – 10x – 10y + 25 = 0
C–5 ] [ Circle : Maximize Your Potential

Ans 23. (a) Let the point of intersection of two lines

1 1
is A. xh − p( x + h ) − q( y + 0) = h 2 − ph
2 2
Q This passes through (p, q), hence
x + 3√y3y
= 1= 1
1 1
ph − p( p + h ) − q. q = h 2 − ph
θ 2θ 2 2
A
3x − y = 2
–y=2 1 2 1 1
P ⇒ ph − p − ph − q 2 = h 2 − ph
2 2 2

∴ The angle subtended by PQ on centre C 3 1

⇒ h − ph + ( p2 + q 2 ) = 0
2
2 2
= Two times the angle subtended by PQ on point A
h is real, hence B2 – 4AC > 0
−1
for x + 3 y = 1, m1 = and for 3x − y = 2, m 2 = 3
3 9 2 1
∴ p − 4 ⋅ (p2 + q2) > 0 ⇒ 9p2 – 8(p2 + q2) > 0
−1 4 2
Q m1 × m 2 = × 3 = −1
3 ⇒ p2 – 8q2 > 0 ⇒ p2 > 8q2
∴ ∠ A = 90°
Ans 26.(c) If d is the distance between the centre of
∴ The angle subtended by arc PQ at its centre two circles of radii r1 and r2, then they intersect in two
= 2 × 90° = 180° distinct points, if
(Given lines are perpendicular to each other, so PQ |r1 – r2| < d < (r1 + r2)
passes through centre of circle, hence arc makes 180°
Here, r1 = 25 − 16 = 3
to centre).
Ans 24. (b) Let point of contact P(x1, y1). r2 = r ⇒ |3 – r| < 5 < |3 + r| ⇒ 2 < r < 8

FG 1 IJ
P (x 1 , y 1 ) Ans 27. (b) The polar of the point 5, −
H 2 K is

xx1 + yy1 + g(x + x1) + f(y + y1) + c = 0

O (–1 ,1)
1
⇒ 5x − y − 2 (x + 5) + 0 + 0 = 0
2
y
This point is lie on line x1 + 2y1 = –12 ......(i) ⇒ 3x − – 10 = 0 ⇒ 6x – y – 20 = 0
2
Ans 28. (b) Circles S1 ≡ x2 + y2 = 22,
y1 − 1
Gradient of OP = m1 =
x1 + 1 S2 ≡ (x – 3)2 + (y – 4)2 = 72
∴ Centres C1 = (0, 0), C2 = (3, 4)
1 and radii r1 = 2, r2 = 7
Gradient of x + 2y + 12 = m2 = −
2 ∴ C1C2 = 5, r2 – r1 = 5
Both are perpendicular, i.e., circles touch internally. Hence there is only one
∴ m1m2 = –1 common tangent.

FG y − 1IJ FG −1IJ = −1 ⇒ y – 1 = 2x + 2 Ans 29. (b) The given equation can be written as
⇒
H x + 1K H 2 K (x – 4)2 + (y + 2)2 = 42.
1
1 1
1
We know that the standard equation of the circle with
⇒ 2x1 – y1 = –3 .......(ii) co-ordinates (h, k) is (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2.
On solving the equation (i) and (ii), Comparing the given equation with the standard
equation, we get centre ≡ (4, –2) and radius = 4.
FG −18 , −21IJ
(x1, y1) =
H5 5K Since co-ordinates of the centre of the circle are (4, –2),
therefore the given circle touches y-axis only.
Ans 25. (d) Let (h, 0) be a point on x-axis, then the Ans 30. (d) Given equation is
equation of chord whose mid-point is (h, 0) will be 2x2 + 2y2 + 4x + 8y + 15 = 0
Circle : Maximize Your Potential ] [ C–6
5
⇒ (x + 1)2 + (y + 2)2 = − . FG − 4 ,1IJ
2
This is not possible, as LHS is a positive term.
∴ Values of a and b are
H 3 K respectively according

Ans 31.(d) Here r1 – r2 > C1C2 to the given choices.

r1 = R, C1(3, 4); r2 = r; C2(0, 0) Ans 35.(c) The equation of tangent to the given circle
at (1, 1) is
R–r> ( 3 − 0) 2 + ( 4 − 0) 2 ⇒ R – r > 5 5
2x + 2y – (x + 1) – (y + 1) + 3 = 0
Ans 32. (b) Equation of common chord PQ is 2
2x + 1 = 0. C1M = perpendicular distance of common 1 1
⇒ x− y− =0
−2 + 1 1 2 2
chord from centre C1 = =− ⇒ 2x – y – 1 = 0
22 2
1
Slope of tangent = 2, so, slope of normal = −
2
Hence equation of normal at (1, 1) is
1
y − 1 = − ( x − 1) ⇒ x + 2y = 3.
2
Ans 36.(b) The equation of required circle is
s1 + λs2 = 0
F 3I 3
Here C G −1, − J , r = = C P FG IJ
H 2K 2
1 1 1
7
⇒ x2(1 + λ) + y2(1 + λ) + x(2 + 13λ) – y + 3λ −
25
=0
H2 K 2
F 3I
C G −2, − J , r =
17 FG −(2 + 13λ ) , 7 / 2 + 3λ IJ
H 2K
2
4
2 Centre =
H 2 2 K
9 1 Q Cemtre ;oes pm 13u + 30y = 0
PQ = 2PM = 2 C1P − C1 M = 2 − =2 2
2 2

FG 2 + 13λ IJ + 80 FG 7 / 2 + 3λ IJ = 0
4 4
Ans 33. (c) Length of tangent
⇒ −13
H 2 K H 2 K
= 32 + 4 2 − 2.4.3 − 2.3 − 2.3( −4 ) + 3 = 40
⇒λ=1
∴ Square of length of tangent = 40 Hence the equation of required circle is
Ans 34.(c) Given, x2 + y2 – 2x = 3 4x2 + 4y2 + 30x – 13y – 25 = 0.
∴ Centre is (1, 0) and radius is 2 Ans 37.(d) Given, equation of circle
and x2 + y2 – 4y = 6 x2 + y2 –3x – 4y + 2 = 0 and it cuts the x-axis.
∴ Centre is (0, 2) and radius is 10 . Since the circle cuts the x-axis, therefore y = 0.
Since line ax + by = 2 touches the first circle, And the circle will be
a(1) + b( 0) − 2 x2 + 0 – 3x + 2 = 0
∴ =2
or x2 – 3x + 2 = 0
a 2 + b2
LM OP or (x – 1) (x – 2) = 0 or x = 1, 2.
or (a − 2) = 2 a + b
N Q
2 2
......(i) Therefore the points are (1, 0), (2, 0).
Also the given line is normal to the second circle. Ans 38.(c) Given equations of the circles
Hence it will pass through the centre of the second circle. x2 + y2 – 2x + 6y + 6 = 0 ......(i)
2 2
and x + y – 5x + 6y + 15 = 0 ......(ii)
∴ a(0) + b(2) = 2 or 2b = 2 or b = 1
Putting this value in equation (i) we get We know that the standard equation of a circle is
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0.
a – 2 = 2 a +1
2 2
Therefore for circle (i),
or (a – 2)2 = 4(a2 + 1)
g = –1; f = 3; c = 6; centre
or a2 + 4 – 4a = 4a2 + 4 or 3a2 + 4a = 0
4 A = (1, –3) and radius
or a(3a + 4) = 0 or a = 0, −
3 ( r1 ) = g 2 + f 2 − c = 1 + 9 − 6 = 2.
C–7 ] [ Circle : Maximize Your Potential

Similarly, for circle (ii),

1
−5 CP = (CR = radius = 1)
g= ; f = 3; c = 15; m2 + 1
2
FG
5 IJ
H
2 K
∴ centre B = + , − 3 and radius
cos 45° =
1 / m2 + 1
⇒
1
=
1
1 2 m2 + 1
25 1
( r2 ) = + 9 − 15 = . There fore distance
4 2 m2 + 1 = 2 ⇒ m = ± 1.
Ans 42. (d) Here circle touches the coordinate axis in
FG 5 − 1IJ 2
3 IIIrd quadrant.
between A and B =
H2 K + ( −3 + 3 ) 2 =
2
and difference of radii
1 3
(r1 – r2) = 2 − = .
2 2
Since distance between A and B is equal to r1 – r2,
therefore the circles touch each other internally.
Ans 39. (b) Here radical axis of given circles is
FG − 7 + 3IJ x + FG 8 + 4IJ y + 11 − 5 = 0 ∴ radius = –h = –k
H 3 K H3 K 3 Hence h = k = –5
∴ equation of circle is (x + 5)2 + (y + 5)2 = 25.
⇒ 2x + 20y – 4 = 0 ⇒ x + 10y – 2 = 0
Ans 43. (a) We know that any tangent to x2 + y2 = b2 is
Ans 40. (c) Let the given circle be
x2 + y2 + 2hx + 2ky + c = 0 y = mx − b 1 + m 2 .
The locus of whose centre is to be obtained since the It touches (x – a)2 + y2 = b2,
circle cuts x2 + y2 + 4x – 6y + 9 = 0 and
x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y + 4 = 0 orthogonally, ma − b 1 + m 2
if, =b
we have 2h(2) + 2k(–3) = c + 9 m2 + 1
⇒ 4h – 6k = c + 9 ......(i)
and 2h (–2) + 2k(3) = c + 4 or ma = 2 b 1 + m 2
⇒ –4h + 6k = c + 4 ......(ii) or m2a2 = 4b2 + 4b2m2
from (i) and (ii), c + 9 = –c – 4
⇒ 2c = –13 2b
......(iii) ∴ m=±
from (i), 8h – 12k = 2c + 18 a − 4 b2
2

⇒ 8h – 12k = 5 ......(iv) Ans 44. (b) Since normal passes through the centre of
Centre of the given circle is (–h, –k) the circle.
Hence locus of (–h, –k) from (iv) we have, ∴ The required circle is the circle with ends of diameter
8(–x) –12(–y) = 5 ⇒ 8x – 12y + 5 = 0. as (3, 4) and (–1, –2).
Ans 41. (c) Given circle is x2 + y2 = 1 ∴ It’s equation is
C(0, 0) and radius = 1 and chord is (x – 3) (x – 1) + (y – 4) (y + 2) = 0
CP ⇒ x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y – 11 = 0.
y = mx + 1 cos 45° =
CR Ans 45.(d) Here the required point is the radical centre
of the three given circle.
Now, S1 – S2 = O ⇒ –16y + 37 = 0
S2 – S3 = O ⇒ 4x – 54 = 0
S3 – S1 = O
⇒ –4x + 16y + 17 = 0
Solving these equations, we get
CP = Perpendicular distance from (0, 0) to chord
y = mx + 1
 Circle : Maximize Your Potential ] [ C–8

Perpendicular distance from (0,0) to

54 37 27 37
x= ,y = ⇒ x= ,y = x + 2y + λ = 0
4 16 2 16
should be equal to radius of circle
FG 27 , 37 IJ
H 2 16 K
Hence the required point is (radius = 2)

0+2×0+λ
Ans 46.(d) Here the equation of polar to circle (i) is ∴ = ±2
12 + 22
x – 5y + 13 = 0 and equation of polar to circle (ii) is
x+y–1=0 ∴ λ = ± 2 5; Put the value of λ in (i).
polars intersect at a point.
Ans 47.(c) Here centre (2, –3) Tangents of circle are x + 2y = ± 2 5
circumference = 10π Ans 50.(a) Here Centre is (4, 7).
⇒ 2πr = 10π ⇒ r = 5.
From (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
⇒ (x – 2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 52
⇒ x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y + 13 = 25
⇒ x2 + y2 – 4x + 6y – 12 = 0
Which is the required equation of the circle.
Ans 48.(a) Let circle
x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 ......(i)
Circle (i) cuts orthogonally each of the given three Ans 51. (d) Here 2g2(g1 – g2) + 2f2(f1 – f2) = c1 – c2
circles.
Then according to the conditions given. 2(1) (3 – 1) + 2(–3) (–1 + 3) = k + 15
From 2g1g2 + 2f1f2 = c1 + c2 4 – 12 = k + 15 or –8 = k + 15 ⇒ k = –23
2g + 17f = c + 4 .......(ii) Ans 52.(a) Here Given tangents are
7g + 6f = c + 11 .......(iii) 5x – 12y + 10 = 0, 5x – 12y – 16 = 0
–g + 22f = c + 3 .......(iv) c1 − c 2 26
from (ii) (iii) and (iv), Radius = = =1
2 a +b 2 2 213
.
g = –3, f = –2
Therefore the centre of the circle (–g, –f) = (3, 2) Ans 53. (b) Here Equation of line is
Ans 49.(c) Here only (b) and (c) line are parallel to 3x – 2y = k .......(i)
x + 2y + 3 = 0 Circle is x2 + y2 = 4r2 .......(ii)
Also the line to be tangent to x2 + y2 = 4 Equation of line can be written as
Its distance from (0, 0) should be 2.
3 k
Therefore c is the answer. y= x−
2 2
II method :
k 3
Here, c = − ,m =
2 2

Now the line will meet the circle, if c = a 1 + m2

−k 3 FG IJ 2
=
2
= ( 2r) 1 +
2 H K (from (ii), a = 2r)

Centre of x2 + y2 = 4 is (0, 0).

Tangents which are parallel to k2 13
= = 4r2 × ∴ k2 = 52r2.
x + 2y + 3 = 0 is 4 4
x + 2y + λ = 0 .......(i)