‫بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم‬

Experiment no (3)
Three phase wound rotor induction motor

Introduction:
Induction motors consist of two parts; stator & rotor. Both are
made of isolated iron chips; for reducing the core losses.

The stator includes gullies which filled with three copper coils
distributed through the gullies suitably to provide 1200 between
coils each two then produce a magnetic field “magnetic poles”,
the poles number determines the speed of the motor.

The 3-phase coils are connected to a 3-phase A.C.

Mechanism of the induction motors:

Connecting stator to a D.C. power supply will produce a rotating field
moving with the respect to the rotor. Then a 3-phase e.m.f is produced
though the rotor coils & whilst the rotor is internally shorted; there will
be a 3-phase current passes through its terminals each phase differ
120o from the other. This provides a rotating field in the air gap. Thus
we have two rotating fields one is from stator “rotating with the synch
speed Ns” and the other from the rotor with (Ns-Nr) where Nr is the rotor
speed.

Experiment:
Objective-
Find the efficiency and input power factor of the 3-phase wound
rotor induction motor.

Theory:
There are two kinds of rotor due to their structure and the
induction motor is usually named reference to the type of its
rotor. The two type are close in there electrical
characteristics and differ in their structure.

i- Wound rotor

ii- Squirrel cage

In this experiment we used the wound rotor motor which is consist
of isolated magnetic core chips constructed onto the motor shaft.
The rotor is divided into a number of poles those are equal to
stator poles, the gullies into each pole are divided into 3-sections
each one carry on one of the 3-phase coils with providing 120o
between each phase and the other. The coils are usually star
connected with 3-terminal shorted inside rotor while the 3-other
coils are connected to the slip ring on the same shaft through
Carbone brushes which touches the slip rings.

Wound rotor & the arrow points to the slip rings

During the rotating the rotor coils are connected out the rotor for
the reason of controlling the starting of the machine or regulation
the speed by connecting external resistance to the 3-phase
terminals.

One of the most useful advantages of these kinds of motors is that

it provides changing of its starting characteristics over a wide
region by connecting the stator coil to an external circuit.

Slip principle:
The voltage across rotor terminals depends on the ratio speed
between the rotor and the speed of the magnetic field from the
stator. If the rotor magnetic field speed (synch speed) is Ns and
the rotor speed is Nr then the slip speed is the ratio of the rotor
speed and the synch speed (Ns-Nr).
The slip coefficient is the ratio of the slip speed & the synch
speed.

The induction motor is represented by equivalent circuit like

transformer circuit that because the power move from stator that
represented primary to the rotor that represent secondary by
induction.

3-phase induction motor equiv circuit

Where:

Also we can draw the circuit with the secondary referred to

the stator circuit to eliminate the magnetic circuit. And then
by eliminating no load current Io for its little much value we
can get the induction motor equiv circuit in its last form as
follow:
Induction motor equivalent CCT with referred to the
primary
Where:

---- ---- ---

The power that the motor take from the source depends on
the load which pointed by the stator current and power
factor as follow:

Some of this power is lost due the stator coil resistance &
this lost is called stator copper losses.

The other power will dropped as core losses. And then the
total stator losses is

After these losses from P1 the outstanding power will move

through the air gap to the rotor and called the air gap power
Pa which will be faced by the rotor copper losses and the
mechanical losses.
Equipment:
- Ammeter.

- Voltmeter.

- Wattmeter.

- 3-phase induction motor.

- Copper Coils.

Procedure:
The external terminals of the induction motor were
connected to the external resistance to control the speed of
the machine.

The connection of the induction motor is done and then we

took the readings of the equivalent circuit characteristics.

The result:

Resistan Generati
ce Line Line Power Load Torqu Spee Motor on
position voltag curren factor cell L eT d RPM curren voltage
e VL t IL cosφ kg t IG VG
0.932
9 415 1.064 0.46 1.36 96 1485 0.2 205
0.946
8 413 1.062 0.569 1.38 68 1480 0.2 200
1.248
7 412 1.161 0.629 1.82 52 1472 0.5 195
1.481
6 412 1.22 0.68 2.16 76 1467 0.8 195
5 412 1.29 0.72 0 1459 1.1 190
1.968
4 410 1.382 0.74 2.87 82 1451 1.45 185
Calculations:
Pin :input power Pout :output power Efficiency Slip
ζ= Pout/Pin
351.81 146.4747 0.416346 0.01
432.2624 148.6288 0.343839 0.013333
521.1236 196.0176 0.376144 0.018667
592.0067 232.6363 0.392962 0.022
662.7963 0 0 0.027333
726.2468 309.1047 0.425619 0.032667
Then the result of:

(S vs. I), (Nr vs. I), (T vs. I) & (ζ vs. I) where:

S – Slip.

Nr -rotor speed.

ζ – Efficiency.

T- torque & I- rotor current.

 0.035

0.03

0.025

0.02
Slip (S)

0.015

0.01

0.005

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
Current

S vs. I

1
485

1
480

1
475
rotor speed

1
470

1
465

1
460

1
455

1
450
0
.2 0
.4 0
.6 0
.8 1 1
.2 1
.4 1
.6
c
urre
nI
Nr vs. IG
 2

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2
Torque

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
C
urrent

T vs. IG
 0.4

0.35

0.3

0.25
Efficiency

0.2

0.15

0.1

0.05

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6
Current

Efficiency vs. IG

Conclusion:
We realized the way that the wounded rotor work and also
knowing the efficiency and the electrical power factor and
the slipping and plotting them vs. the current of the rotor.