Index

Note to the Reader: Throughout this index boldfaced page numbers indicate primary discussions
of a topic. Italicized page numbers indicate illustrations.

Services, 151, 355, 355

A Task Manager, 148–149
administrator password, 179
AC power for laptops, 107, 314–315
ADSL (asymmetric DSL), 215
Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) bus, 41, 41

AL
Advanced Attributes screen, 162–163
characteristics, 304–305
Advanced Configuration Power Interface (ACPI),
device installation, 300
68, 168, 312
expansion slots, 59, 59
Advanced Power Management (APM), 68, 169

RI
access control lists (ACLs), 253, 434
Advanced Technology (AT) form factor
access controls for information, 240–243,
baby AT, 21–22
241–243, 246

TE
characteristics, 22, 22
access points in SOHO networks, 391–392
connectors, 20, 20, 57
Account Lockout Counter policy, 438
Advanced Technology Extended (ATX) form
Account Lockout Duration policy, 438

MA
factor, 21
Account Policies, 437–438
characteristics, 23, 23
accountability, 278
connectors, 20, 20, 57
ACLs (access control lists), 253, 434
adware, 250, 252
ACPI (Advanced Configuration Power Interface),
Aero interface, 131, 132, 370
68, 168, 312
D
AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) bus, 41, 41
Action log file, 368
characteristics, 304–305
Activation Wizard, 183
device installation, 300
TE

Active Directory (AD), 427

expansion slots, 59, 59
active heat sinks, 28, 50
air cooling, 51, 303
active matrix screens, 53
alcohol, 110, 269
GH

active partitions, 158, 353

alerts, 94
AD (Active Directory), 427
aligning floppy drive read/write heads, 14
adapter cards
all-black pages in laser printer output, 102
disposal, 273
All Programs submenu, 138
RI

overview, 58–60, 59
/ALL switch option in IPCONFIG, 147, 336,
removing, 296, 296
386–387
troubleshooting, 35
AMD processors, 30, 32, 34
PY

Add Network Place Wizard, 383

amperage, 268
Add Printer Wizard, 81
AMR (Audio Modem Riser) bus, 41
address bus, 29, 39
answer files, 172
addresses
CO

antenna wires, 107, 315

assignment problems, 389
AntiSpyware program, 250
I/O, 310
antistatic bags, 264
IP. See IP addresses
antistatic pads, 318
loopback, 382
antistatic spray, 318
MAC, 211
antistatic wrist straps, 261–263, 262
memory, 309
antivirus software, 249–250
administrative templates, 437
overview, 415–416
administrative tools, 147
and Recycle Bin name, 144
Computer Management Console, 150–151, 355
APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing), 336,
Event Viewer, 149–150, 354, 354
380–381, 387
Microsoft Management Console, 149, 150
APM (Advanced Power Management), 68, 169
Performance Monitor, 151, 356
Appearance tab, 135
primary, 441–446
458  appliances  –  BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)

appliances, 228 auto detection feature, 38

Application layer, 202 auto-restart errors, 366
Application log file, 149 Automated System Recovery (ASR)
applications operating system recovery, 191, 364, 419–420,
exploitation, 249 420–421
failures, 92, 367 Registry recovery, 153
operating systems for, 123 Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA), 336,
in Task Manager, 148 380–381, 387
Archive attribute, 162 autoswitching power supplies, 65
armored viruses, 411
ASR (Automated System Recovery)
operating system recovery, 191, 364, 419–420,
420–421
Registry recovery, 153
B
ASR Wizard, 188, 191, 364, 419 baby AT form factor, 21–22
ASs (authentication servers), 232 back-side cache, 29
asymmetric DSL (ADSL), 215 backdoor passwords, 252
asymmetric encryption algorithms, 227 background processes, 373
AT (Advanced Technology) form factor Background tab, 134
baby AT, 21–22 backlights for laptops, 108, 315
characteristics, 22, 22 BACKUP.BKF file, 191, 364, 420
connectors, 20, 20, 57 Backup Or Restore Wizard, 352, 443
at.allow, 240 Backup Status And Configuration window,
AT attachment (ATA) number, 42 420, 420
at.deny file, 240 Backup utility, 191, 352, 419, 443, 443
ATAPI (ATA Packet Interface), 42 backups
Athlon processors, 18, 34 NTBackup, 352–353, 443–444, 443
atmospheric hazards, 269–271, 270 overview, 113–115
attachments, e-mail, 250 bad video problem, 55
attended installations, 164, 172 Balanced Technology Extended (BTX) form
ATTRIB command, 162 factor, 23
attributes bandwidth in networking, 209
directory, 349, 349, 440, 440 banks, memory, 28
file, 160–163, 161 baseband, 201, 391, 398, 399
ATX (Advanced Technology Extended) form Basic Input/Output System. See BIOS (Basic
factor, 21 Input/Output System)
characteristics, 23, 23 basic storage, 158
connectors, 20, 20, 57 batteries
Audio Modem Riser (AMR) bus, 41 disposal, 272
audit files, 447 laptops, 65–66, 107, 314–315
Audit Policy settings, 439 motherboards, 20–21
auditors, 239 Bayonet-Neill Connector (BNC), 61, 399
authentication, 229–230 BD-Live format, 12
biometric devices, 234 BD-R format, 11
certificates, 231, 232 BD-RW format, 11–12
CHAP, 230–231, 231 beep code, 39
issues, 235 Bell-La Padula model, 240–241, 241
Kerberos, 232–233, 233 beta tests, 236
key fobs, 234 bias voltage in laser printers, 77
multifactor, 233, 234 Biba model, 241, 241
PAP, 230 biometric devices, 234, 245, 254
smart cards, 233–234 BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
tokens, 231–232, 232 for boot order, 192
usernames and passwords, 230, 230 hard drive support, 306
authentication servers (ASs), 232 IDE drive setup, 44
 BIOS Central site  –  CD command  459

issues, 38–39
POST, 39, 45 C
power management, 168–169
cable modems, 215, 391
security issues, 245, 252–253, 447–448
cables
Setup program, 35–38
coax, 397–400, 398–400
upgrading, 302–303
fiber optic, 402, 403
BIOS Central site, 39
hard drives, 302
bit width of memory, 28
network, 200, 212–214,
BitLocker, 252, 448
212–213
biz domain, 205
NICs, 60
black lines on page in laser printer
peripheral devices, 62–63
output, 103
testers, 318
blank pages in laser printer output, 102, 323
troubleshooting, 24
blank screen problem, 55
twisted pair, 400–402, 401–402
blanks for empty slots, 51
cache memory, 29
Blu-ray drives
cache on a stick (COAST), 34
overview, 11–12
caches
troubleshooting, 14
motherboards, 34–35
blue jacking, 395
for performance, 371
blue screens, 92, 366
capacitors, 267
bluesnarfing, 395
capacity
Bluetooth wireless standard
flash drives, 12
for printers, 81
floppy drives, 10
security for, 396
memory, 305
versions and classes, 217, 390
optical drives, 12
BNC (Bayonet-Neill Connector), 61, 399
power-supplies, 48–49, 306
boot files, 168
CardBus devices, 66
Boot.ini file, 168, 364, 419
cards, adapter. See adapter cards
Boot.ini tab, 153
carriage motors, 99
boot ROMs, 173
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision
boot sequence
Avoidance (CSMA/CA), 211
CMOS settings, 38
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision
error messages, 188
Detection (CSMA/CD), 211
operating system recovery, 188–192
cartridges
working with, 187–188
cleaning pads, 106
bootable media, 173
disposal, 273
booting
ink-jet printers, 72, 72, 99–100
from CD-ROM, 175, 180
laser printers, 73, 73, 75, 102
from DVD, 185
CAs (certificate authorities), 231
problems, 367
case covers
BOOTSECT.DOS file, 168
closing, 300
Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP), 206
removing, 295, 295
breakout boxes, 401
cases
British Naval Connector (BNC), 61, 399
liquid-cooled, 303
broadband, 201, 215–216, 391, 398, 399
selecting, 21–22
BTX (Balanced Technology Extended) form
categories of cable, 212–213
factor, 23
Category 5 cable, 63, 400
bubble-jet printers
/category option in MSinfo32, 154
description, 72
cathode ray tube (CRT) devices
troubleshooting, 99–100
description, 54–55, 54
bus architecture and slots, 39–40
disposal, 273
legacy, 42
safety issues, 269
types and characteristics, 29–30, 40–42,
CD command, 334
40–41, 304–305
460  CD-ROM  –  Compact Disk Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM) drives

CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read-Only Memory) power-supply fans, 51

drives, 11 printers, 110
cleaning, 115 software, 112–115
laptops, 69 cleaning blades in laser printers, 104
removing, 69 cleaning pads in printers, 106
requirements, 127–128 cleaning supplies
troubleshooting, 14 disposal, 273
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), printers, 319, 321
217, 391 client-side connectivity issues, 380
Celeron processors, 31–32 protocols and technologies, 380–384,
cellular networks, 217, 391 383–384
central processing units (CPUs) resource sharing, 384–386
characteristics, 28–30 tools, 386–388
CMOS setting, 36 troubleshooting, 388–389
families, 30–34 clients in networking, 199, 201
problems, 46 clock speed, 29
requirements, 127–128 clock ticks, 29–30
selecting, 306 clones, Intel, 34
slots, 17–19, 18 closed source operating systems, 124
sockets, 28 closing case cover, 300
upgrading, 302 CMD.EXE command, 145, 333
Centrino processors, 32 Cmdcons folder, 190–191, 364, 418–419
Centronics connectors, 61 Cmldr file, 190–191, 364, 418–419
certificate authorities (CAs), 231 CMOS (complementary metallic oxide
certificate practice statements (CPSs), 231 semiconductor) chips
certificate revocation lists (CRLs), 231 battery for, 21
certificates, 231, 232 ESD damage to, 262
CESA (Cyberspace Electronic Security Act), 281 passwords, 252
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CNR (Communications Network Riser) bus, 41
(CHAP), 230–231, 231 COAST (cache on a stick), 34
charge corona in laser printers, 73, 76, 76 coaxial cable, 397–400, 398–400
Check Disk utility, 112–113, 334, 350–351, 441 Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), 217, 391
chips cold docking, 64
chip creep, 35, 94, 270 collision lights, 208
chipsets, 35 color
troubleshooting, 35 ink-jet printers, 72
CHKDSK utility, 112–113, 334, 350–351, 441 laser printers, 80
CHS values, 38 problems, 55
circuit boards com domain, 205
disposal, 273 command prompt
overview, 58–60, 59 commands from, 333–341, 337
removing, 296, 296 diagnostics from, 145–147
troubleshooting, 35 Committed Bytes counter, 167, 356
Clark-Wilson model, 242, 242 common ports, 207–208
classes of IP addresses, 206–207 communication skills
classifications of government and military critical information, 274–276
information, 237–238 for customer problems, 276–277
clean installations, 172 job-related behavior, 278–281
cleaning perspective in, 277
computers, 109–110 communication types for printers, 80–81
corona wires, 103 Communications Network Riser (CNR) bus, 41
drives, 115 Compact Disk Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM)
keyboards, 57–58, 110 drives, 11
in laser printing process, 75, 76 cleaning, 115
mouse, 58 laptops, 69
 compact installations  –  cylinders  461

removing, 69 consumables for printers, 105–106

requirements, 127–128 continuous feed printers, 71
troubleshooting, 14 contrast ratio for LCD monitors, 54
compact installations, 170 Control Panel, 130, 139
CompactFlash cards, 12, 13 controllers
companion viruses, 412 chipset, 35
Complementary Metallic Oxide Semiconductor hard drives, 11, 42, 302
(CMOS) chips laser printer, 73, 76, 78
battery for, 21 wireless, 219, 246
ESD damage to, 262 convert utility, 157, 349, 439
passwords, 252 cooling systems
component video connectors, 53 environmental issues, 51
compressed air, 110, 270 overview, 50
compression, 350 problems, 51, 94
Compression attribute, 162–163 upgrading, 303
Computer Configuration settings, 437 cooperative multitasking, 124
Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, 280 copy backups, 352, 444
Computer Management Console, 150–151, COPY command, 334
355, 355 corona assembly in laser printers, 102
computer names, 179, 182 corona wires in laser printers, 102–103
/computer option in MSinfo32, 154 country domains, 205
Computer Security Act, 280 covers
Computer Security Incident Response Team closing, 300
(CSIRT), 244 removing, 295, 295
computers CPSs (certificate practice statements), 231
cleaning, 109–110 CPUs. See central processing units (CPUs)
disassembling, 294–299, 295–298 CRC (cyclic redundancy check)
recycling, 272–273 information, 174
Comsetup.log file, 368 CRLs (certificate revocation lists), 231
conditioning step in laser printing process, CRT (cathode ray tube) devices
76, 76 description, 54–55, 54
Confidential classification, 238 disposal, 273
confidentiality, 279 safety issues, 269
CONFIG.SYS file, 335 cryptographic algorithms, 227
conflicts, resources CSIRT (Computer Security Incident Response
Device Manager for, 131, 312, 367 Team), 244
sound cards, 60 CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with
connectivity Collision Avoidance), 211
client-side. See client-side connectivity issues CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with
CPU, 29, 306 Collision Detection), 211
laser printers, 324 cumulative permissions, 431
ping for, 146 current, electrical, 268
connectors and connections custodians of data, 239
BNC, 61, 399 custom installations, 170
floppy disk drives and IDE, 20 customer satisfaction, 274
keyboard and mouse, 57 CVT1.EXE tool, 157
laptops, 66 Cyber Security Enhancement Act, 281
networks, 390–396, 392, 394 Cyberspace Electronic Security Act (CESA), 281
peripherals, 58, 58 cyclic redundancy check (CRC)
ports, 61–62 information, 174
power, 20, 20, 297, 297 cylinders
T-connectors, 398, 401 drive, 38
video, 52–53, 53 laser printers, 77
constant RAM refresh, 25
462  daily backups  –  disk drives

Device Manager, 151, 165

D description, 145, 317
overview, 356, 357
daily backups, 352, 444
for resource information, 311–312, 311,
dark spots on laser printer pages, 324
442, 442
data emanation in wireless networks, 218, 394
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol),
data files
205–207, 381, 386–387
migrating, 166
diagnostic procedures. See troubleshooting
restoring, 186
diagnostic tools
Data Link layer, 201, 203
Safe Mode, 422–423
data sensitivity, 235
System File Checker, 423–424
access controls, 239–243, 241–243, 246
System Restore tool, 424–425, 424
incident response policies, 244
dial-up networking, 216, 391
private information, 237
differential backups, 115, 352, 444
public information, 235–237
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), 215, 391
roles, 239
Digital Video Interface (DVI), 53, 53
social engineering, 244–245
digitizers, 67
data transfer programs, 302
DIMMs (dual inline memory modules), 17, 18
data transmission speed of ports, 61
banks, 28
data wiping, 228
description, 26, 27
database exploitation, 249
removing, 299
date settings, 36, 179, 182
DIN connectors, 62
daughterboards, 46
DIP (dual inline package) memory packages, 26
DB connectors, 56, 61
DIP switches, 21, 21
DC power supplies
DIR command, 334
laptops, 107–108, 107, 314–315
Direct Memory Access (DMA), 211, 310
laser printer, 75
direct Rambus memory, 26
DDR (Double Data Rate) SDRAM/DDR2
direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS), 247, 393
memory, 26
directories, 349–350. See also folders
dead boxes, 35
attributes, 440, 440
defaults
changing, 334
gateways, 205
creating, 337
setup, 36
deleting, 340
subnet masks, 207
listing, 334
Defrag utility, 112, 351, 351, 442
security, 439–441, 440–441
degaussing, 55
sharing, 385–386, 430–431
deletions
directory structures, 156–159, 341–342
directories, 340
fonts, 343
Recycle Bin for, 144–145
offline files, 344–347, 346–347
demineralized water, 110
program files, 344
denatured isopropyl alcohol, 110
system files, 343
Desktop
temporary files, 343, 344
components, 130
user files, 342–343, 342
icons, 141–145, 142, 144
DirectX Diagnostic (DxDiag) tool, 155, 155
overview, 133–135, 133–134
DirectX functionality, 155
Start menu, 136–141, 137
disassembling computers
Taskbar, 135–136, 135–136
notebook PCs, 69
Windows XP, 183, 184
steps, 294–299, 295–298
desktop cases, 22
disconnecting display devices, 294
Desktop tab, 134
Disk Cleanup utility, 113, 343, 344
developing rollers in laser printers, 77
Disk Defragmenter utility, 112, 351, 351, 442
developing step in laser printing
disk drives
process, 77–78
CD-ROM. See CD-ROM (Compact Disk
device access, 131
Read-Only Memory) drives
device drivers. See drivers
DVD-ROM, 11, 14, 127–128
 disk imaging  –  electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) chips  463

floppy. See floppy disk drives signed, 155, 155

hard. See hard drives troubleshooting, 388
disk imaging, 173, 301–302 updating, 113, 185–186
Disk Management tool, 158, 353–354, 353 drums in laser printers, 73, 102–103
disk-management tools DSL (Digital Subscriber Line), 215, 391
primary, 350–354, 351, 353 DSSS (direct-sequence spread spectrum), 247, 393
system components, 130, 131 dual-boot support, 170–171
disk mirroring, 45 dual-core processors, 32
disk striping, 45 dual inline memory modules (DIMMs), 17, 18
disk wiping, 228 banks, 28
dislodged chips and cards, 35 description, 26, 27
display devices, 52 removing, 299
attaching, 300 dual inline package (DIP) memory packages, 26
cleaning, 109 dual pipelining, 30
CRTs, 54–55, 54 dump logs, 188
disconnecting, 294 duplexing, 199
high voltage in, 263 Duron processor, 34
laptops, 108, 316 dust, 110, 270, 270–271
LCDs, 53–54 DVD-ROM drives, 11
multimonitors, 56 requirements, 127–128
overview, 52–53 troubleshooting, 14
problems, 55 DVI (Digital Video Interface), 53, 53
safety, 269 DxDiag (DirectX Diagnostic) tool, 155, 155
upgrading, 56 dye sublimation printers, 80
Display Properties window, 134–135, 134 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP),
disposal procedures, 271–273 205–207, 381, 386–387
DLL (dynamic link library) files, 160, 168 dynamic link library (DLL) files, 160, 168
DMA (Direct Memory Access), 211, 310 dynamic processing, 31
docking stations, 64–65 dynamic RAM (DRAM), 25–26
documentation for troubleshooting, 94–95 dynamic storage, 158
Documents submenu, 138–139
Domain Name Service (DNS), 204
description, 381
nslookup for, 339
troubleshooting, 388
E
domains, 166, 200, 205 e-mail
dot-matrix printers exploitation, 249
characteristics, 71–72 viruses from, 411, 412
troubleshooting, 98–99, 322 ECC (error correction code) RAM, 27
dot pitch, 52 ECP (enhanced capabilities port), 37
Double Data Rate (DDR) SDRAM/DDR2 EDIT command, 335
memory, 26 EDO (Extended Data Out) DRAM, 25
Dr. Watson tool, 317 edu domain, 205
DRAM (dynamic RAM), 25–26 education for virus protection, 415–416
drive geometry, 38 EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable
drive imaging, 173, 301–302 ROM) chips, 38, 303
drive interfaces, 20 Effects tab, 135
drivers EFS (Encrypting File System), 448–449
failures, 367 8.3 file-naming convention, 160
installing, 165 EISA (enhanced ISA) bus, 40
laser printers, 104 electrical fires, 267
legacy devices, 304 electrical issues in laptops, 314
NICs, 211 electrical tripping, 110, 111, 265, 266
operating systems for, 123–124 electrically erasable programmable ROM
printers, 71, 97 (EEPROM) chips, 38, 303
464  electromagnetic interference (EMI)  –  filenames
electromagnetic interference (EMI), 267
and cabling, 212
troubleshooting, 388
electron guns in CRT devices, 54, 54
electrophotographic (EP) printers. See
laser printers
electrostatic discharge (ESD), 261–265,
262–263, 265
Emergency Repair Disk (ERD), 153, 188,
191–192, 364–365, 421–422
Encrypting File System (EFS), 448–449
encryption, 350
EFS, 448–449
technologies, 227–228
VPNs, 209
Encryption attribute, 163
end-user license agreements (EULAs),
180–181, 236
Enforce Password History policy, 438
enhanced capabilities port (ECP), 37
enhanced ISA (EISA) bus, 40
enhanced parallel port (EPP), 37
environmental issues, 267
atmospheric hazards, 269–271, 270
disposal procedures, 271–273
electrical fires, 267
incident reporting, 271
liquids, 269
monitors, 269
power supplies, 268
printers, 106, 268
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 271
EPP (enhanced parallel port), 37
equipment, moving, 264
erasure lamps in laser printers, 104
ERD (Emergency Repair Disk), 153, 188,
191–192, 364–365, 421–422
error codes and messages
boot sequence, 188
laser printers, 323
log files for, 367–368
error correction code (ECC) RAM, 27
Error log file, 368
eSATA (External SATA) interface, 45
ESD (electrostatic discharge), 261–265,
262–263, 265
EULAs (end-user license agreements),
180–181, 236
Event Viewer tool, 151, 317, 443
application failures, 92
overview, 149–150
startup problems, 93
Windows 2000, 427, 427
Windows Vista, 428, 429
Windows XP, 354, 354
exceptions with packet filters, 229
exit rollers in laser printers, 101
exiting CMOS Setup, 38
EXPAND.EXE utility, 192, 365, 422
expansion bus, 39
expansion cards
disposal, 273
overview, 58–60, 59
removing, 296, 296
troubleshooting, 35
exploitation, software, 249–250
Extended Data Out (EDO) DRAM, 25
extended graphics array (XGA), 54
extended partitions, 158, 353
extension magnets, 318, 321
extensions
e-mail, 250
file, 159
external data bus, 29, 39
external hard drives, 13–14
external monitors, 108, 316
External SATA (eSATA) interface, 45
external speed, 29
F
fans, power-supply, 51
Fast Page Mode (FPM) DRAM, 25
FAT (File Allocation Table)
overview, 156–158, 174–175
security limitations, 253, 428–429
FAT32 Drive Converter tool, 157
FAT32 file system, 157–158
FC-PGA chip, 32
FCs (flip chips), 32
FDISK command, 158, 174, 177
feed jams in laser printers, 101
FHSS (frequency-hopping spread spectrum),
247, 393
fiber-optic cabling, 213–214, 213, 216,
402, 403
File Allocation Table (FAT)
overview, 156–158, 174–175
security limitations, 253, 428–429
File And Printer Sharing For Microsoft Networks
client, 384
file systems
hardening, 428–431
security issues, 246
selecting, 170
Windows operating system, 156–159
File Transfer Protocol (FTP), 381
filenames, 159–160
 files  –  GUIs (Graphical User Interfaces)  465

files formatting, 157–158

attributes, 160–163, 161 IDE drives, 45
copying, 334, 341 options, 335–336
directory structures. See directory structures overview, 174–175
managing, 440–441, 441 Windows 2000, 177
offline, 344–347, 346–347 forwarding, port, 397
permissions, 163–164, 431 FPM (Fast Page Mode) DRAM, 25
program, 344 FQDNs (fully qualified domain names), 204–205
system, 343 fragmentation, 112, 351, 351, 442
temporary, 343, 344 frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS),
user, 342–343, 342 247, 393
Windows operating system, 159–162, 161 front-side cache, 29
Files and Settings Transfer Wizard, 186 FTP (File Transfer Protocol), 381
filters full backups, 114–115
ozone, 324 Full Control permission, 386, 430–431
packet, 229 full distribution information, 236–237
wireless networks, 219, 392 full duplexing, 199
Final Tasks page, 179 full installations, 170
Find submenu, 139 fully qualified domain names (FQDNs), 204–205
fingerprint scanners, 254 Function (Fn) key, 67
fire-rated containers, 114 fuser kits, 325
firewalls fusers and fusing assembly in laser printers,
configuration problems, 389 74–75, 75, 103–104, 106
description, 381 fusing step in laser printing process, 78, 79
overview, 228–229
working with, 396–397
FireWire ports, 24, 24
firmware, 46
limitations, 306
G
printers, 71, 81 gap in the WAP, 218, 248, 393
updating, 113 garbage in laser printer output, 104–105, 324
fixed-input power supplies, 65 gateways, 201
flash BIOS, 303 default, 205
flash drives, 12, 13 description, 381
flexibility, 278–279 problems, 389
flicker, 52 General tab for drivers, 367
flip chips (FCs), 32 GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter)
floppy disk drives receptacles, 112, 265
characteristics, 10–11 ghosting in laser printer output, 104, 324
cleaning, 115 Global System for Mobile Communications
CMOS settings, 38 (GSM), 217, 391
connectors, 20 Golden Rule, 278
interfaces, 20 gov domain, 205
requirements, 127 government classifications, 237–238
troubleshooting, 14 gpedit.msc file, 437
/FLUSHDNS option in IPCONFIG, 147, 336 graphical installation phase, 181–183, 182, 184
Folder Redirection extension, 436 Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs), 124
folders, 349–350. See also directories grayware, 252
redirecting, 436 Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI)
sharing, 384, 385 receptacles, 112, 265
Windows operating system, 159–162, 161 Group Policy, 435–437
Fonts folder, 343 Group Policy Editor, 437
form factors for motherboards, 21–23, GSM (Global System for Mobile
22–23 Communications), 217, 391
FORMAT command, 158, 174, 335–336 Guest account, 435
formatter boards in laser printers, 105 GUIs (Graphical User Interfaces), 124
466  half duplexing  –  ICS (Internet Connection Sharing)

heat. See also cooling systems

H from dust, 270
problems from, 94
half duplexing, 199
heat sinks, 28, 50, 303
hard drives
Help And Support system, 139–140
auto detection, 38
HELP command, 336
BIOS support, 306
Help system, 139–140
checking, 334
Hibernate state, 68, 141, 169
CMOS settings, 38
Hidden attribute, 162
components, 11
high bit-rate DSL (HDSL), 215
disk-management tools, 350–354, 351, 353
High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMi), 53
formatting, 174–175, 177, 335–336
high-voltage power supply (HVPS) in laser
IDE, 42–44, 44
printers, 74, 77, 102
installing, 300
high voltages, 263, 263
laptops, 69
hives, Registry, 152
in operating system installation, 166
host adapters, 11
optimizing, 301–302
host files, 204–205
partitioning, 174, 177
hostnames in TCP/IP, 203
preparing, 174
hosts in networking, 199
removing, 69, 297–298, 298
hot docking, 64
security, 439–441, 440–441
hot-plugging devices, 169
space requirements, 127–128
batteries, 66
system problems, 44–45
drives, 14
hardening
PC Card devices, 68
file systems, 428–431
hotfixes, 432
operating systems, 425–428, 427
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), 381
hardware
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), 381
computer disassembly, 294–299, 295–298
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure
exam essentials, 325
Sockets Layer) protocol, 381
inspecting, 299
hub chipsets, 35
optimizing. See optimization
hubs, 402, 402
overview, 9–10, 10, 293–294
humidity
cooling systems, 50–52
and laser printers, 101
display devices, 52–56, 53–54
maintaining, 265, 271
exam essentials, 83
HVPS (high-voltage power supply) in laser
input and peripheral devices, 57–63, 58–59
printers, 74, 77, 102
laptops and portable devices, 64–70, 67
hydrogen fuel cell batteries, 65
motherboards. See motherboards
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), 381
power supplies, 48–50, 48
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), 381
printers. See printers
Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Sockets
review questions, 84–85
Layer (HTTPS) protocol, 381
storage devices, 10–15, 13
hyperthreading technology, 32
part replacement and reassembly, 299–300
problem symptoms, 94
requirements, 126–129
review questions, 326–327
SOHO networks, 396 I
toolbox, 317–319 I&A (identification and authentication)
troubleshooting. See troubleshooting process, 229
Hardware Compatibility List (HCL), 126 IBM data connectors (IDCs), 213
hash values, 227 icons
hashing, 227 elements, 141–142, 142
HDMi (High Definition Multimedia Interface), 53 standard desktop, 142–145, 144
HDSL (high bit-rate DSL), 215 ICs (integrated circuits), ESD damage to, 262
heads, drive, 38 ICS (Internet Connection Sharing), 382–383
 IDCs  –  ISA (Internet Security and Acceleration Server) proxy server  467

IDCs (IBM data connectors), 213 installation manuals for diagnostics, 313
IDE (integrated drive electronics) drives installing
channels, 35 drivers, 165
connectors, 20 hard drives, 43–44, 44, 300
installation and configuration, 43–44, 44 NICs, 210–211
overview, 42–43 operating systems. See Windows operating
pros and Cons, 43 system installation
identification and authentication (I&A) power supplies, 299
process, 229 SOHO networks, 397–403, 398–403
IEEE 802 networks instruction sets for CPUs, 30, 306
description, 216 integrated circuits (ICs), ESD damage to, 262
security, 247 integrated drive electronics. See IDE (integrated
standards, 393 drive electronics) drives
IEEE 1394/FireWire ports integrated motherboards, 16
description, 24, 24 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN),
for printers, 81 202, 391
IFCONFIG command, 337, 387 Intel CPUs, 30–34
image smudging in laser printer output, 103–104 interfaces
imaging, disk, 173, 301–302 drive, 20
IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol), 381 motherboards, 35
impact printers, 71 printers, 80–81
implicit denies, 240 user, 130–131, 131–133
incident response policies, 244 internal expansion buses, 39
incremental backups, 115, 352, 444 internal information, 237
indexes for performance, 371, 371 internal speed of CPUs, 29
Indexing attribute, 162 International Standards Organization (ISO), 201
Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, Internet access requirements, 128
39–40, 59 Internet Connection Sharing (ICS), 382–383
characteristics, 304–305 Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), 381
device installation, 300 Internet resources for diagnostics, 313
info domain, 205 Internet Security and Acceleration Server (ISA)
information classification, 235 proxy server, 382
Information Flow model, 242–243, 243 Internet telephony, 392
infrastructure for SOHO networks, 396 interrupt request Lines (IRQs), 211, 308–309
ink cartridges inverters for laptops, 108, 314–315
cleaning pads, 106 I/O addresses, 310
disposal, 273 I/O devices. See input and peripheral devices
ink-jet printers, 72, 72, 99–100 I/O interfaces, 23–24
laser printers, 73, 73, 75, 102 IP addresses
ink-jet printers assignment problems, 389
description, 72, 72 classes, 206–207
troubleshooting, 99–100, 322 DHCP for, 205–207
input and peripheral devices, 57 Remote Desktop Protocol, 360
adapter cards, 58–60, 59 TCP/IP, 203–204
attaching, 300 tracing, 388
cables, 62–63 IP telephony, 392
CMOS settings, 37 IPCONFIG command, 147, 336–337, 386–387
critical information, 57 IPSec protocol, 209
errors with, 92 IRQs (interrupt request Lines), 211, 308–309
laptops, 67, 108, 316 ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus,
miscellaneous, 63 39–40, 59
ports and connectors, 24, 58, 58, 60–62 characteristics, 304–305
removing, 169, 295 device installation, 300
troubleshooting, 57–58 ISA (Internet Security and Acceleration Server)
input/output (I/O) interfaces, 23–24 proxy server, 382
468  ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)  –  log files

ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), memory, 69

202, 391 overview, 64
ISO (International Standards Organization), 201 PCMCIA cards, 66, 68
isopropyl alcohol, 110, 269 pointing and input devices, 67
ports and communication connections, 66
power supplies and management, 65, 67–68,
67, 107–108, 107, 314–315
J security, 254, 254
troubleshooting, 106–109, 107, 315–316
jams, paper video sharing, 315
dot-matrix printers, 99 laser printers, 72
ink-jet printers, 100 parts, 73–75, 73–75
laser printers, 101, 323 printing process, 75–79, 76–79
Jaz drives, 14 troubleshooting, 101–105, 323–324
JFS (journaled file systems), 114 laser scanning assembly, 73, 74
job-related behavior, 278–281 Last Known Good Configuration option, 153
journaled file systems (JFS), 114 latency in networking, 209
journaling, 114 Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP), 209
jumpers, 21, 21 LBA (logical block addressing), 306
LCD cutoff switches, 108–109, 316
LCDs (Liquid Crystal Displays), 53–54, 314–315
leasing IP addresses, 206
K least privilege model, 240
LED printers, 72, 79–80
K6 chips, 34 legacy buses, 42
Kerberos protocol, 232–233, 233 legacy device drivers, 304
key distribution centers (KDCs), 232–233 legacy printer ports, 80–81
key fobs, 234, 433 letter-quality (LQ) printers, 71
keyboards Level 1 cache, 29
cleaning, 110 Level 2 cache, 29
laptops, 108, 316 limited distribution information, 236
requirements, 128 line printers, 71
troubleshooting, 57–58 lines and smearing in laser printer output, 323
keychain drives, 12 link lights, 208
keys, encryption, 227–228 Linux tools, 384, 384
Klez32 virus, 416 liquid-cooled cases, 50–51, 303
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs), 53–54, 314–315
liquids, working with, 269
List Folder Contents permission, 386, 431
L listing directories, 334
L1 cache, 29 Lithium Ion (LIon) batteries, 65
L2 cache, 29, 34 LLC (Logical Link Control), 201
L2TP (Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol), 209 LMHOSTS (LAN Manager Hosts) files, 204–205
L3 cache, 29, 35 loading setup defaults, 36
LAN Manager Hosts (LMHOSTS) files, 204–205 local area networks (LANs), 200, 391
language settings, 182 local policies, 437–439
LANs (local area networks), 200, 391 Local Users and Groups tool, 151
laptops and portable devices, 64, 314 Lock option, 141
batteries, 65–66 locking workstations, 253–254
disassembling, 69 lockout policies, 438
disk drives, 69 lockup, system, 92, 366–367
docking stations, 64–65 log files
electrical issues, 314 application failures, 367
LCDs, 314–315 dump, 188
Event Viewer, 149–150
 Log Off option  –  motherboards  469

in installation process, 367–368 notebooks, 69

overview, 447 operating system requirements, 127–129
startup problems, 93 for optimization, 301, 305
Log Off option, 141 package types, 26–27, 27
logical block addressing (LBA), 306 physical, 25–26
Logical Link Control (LLC), 201 printers, 71, 97
logical partitions, 159 removing, 299
login screen, 183, 184 slots, 17, 18
Logon/Logoff option, 345 virtual, 166–167
logon usernames and passwords, 230, 230 Memory object, 167
loopback addresses, 382 Message Digest Algorithm (MDA), 227
loopback plugs, 318 meters, 263, 263, 318, 321
low-level-formatted IDE drives, 45 MFT (Master File Table), 157, 175
low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS), 66 micro ATX form factor, 23
Microchannel Architecture (MCA), 40
MicroDIMMs, 27
Microsoft Disk Operating System (MS-DOS), 145
M Microsoft Management Console (MMC)
interface, 149, 150
MAC (Media Access Control) layer, 201 Microsoft PowerPoint, 56
MAC addresses migrating user data, 166
filtering, 219, 392 mil domain, 205
NICs, 211 military classifications, 237–238
macro viruses, 412 Mini-DIN (PS/2) connectors, 62
macros, 412 minimal installations, 170
magnetic interference, 267 Minimum Password Age policy, 438
and cabling, 212 Minimum Password Length policy, 438
troubleshooting, 388 minimum requirements, 126–129
video distortion from, 55–56 MMC (Microsoft Management Console)
magnets, 318, 321 interface, 149, 150
main motors in dot-matrix printers, 99 Mmdet.log file, 368
maintenance MMX Pentiums, 30–31
preventive, 109–115, 111 mobile users, 436
printers, 324–325 modem settings, 179
malware. See viruses and malware modems, cable, 215, 391
manufacturers of CPUs, 29–34 Modify permission, 386, 430–431
mapping, port, 397 monitors. See display devices
master boot record (MBR), 174 motherboards, 15
master computers in installation, 172–173 BIOS Issues, 38–39
master drives, 43, 44 bus architecture and slots, 39–42, 40–41, 44
Master File Table (MFT), 157, 175 cache, 34–35
material safety data sheets (MSDSs), 267, 269 cases, 21–22
Maximum Password Age policy, 438 chipsets, 35
MBR (master boot record), 174 CMOS settings, 35–38
MCA (Microchannel Architecture), 40 components, 16–21, 17–18, 20
MD command, 160, 337 CPU problems, 46
MDA (Message Digest Algorithm), 227 CPUs for, 306
Media Access Control (MAC) layer, 201 daughterboards, 46
media access methods in networking, 211–212 drive devices, 42–44, 44
memory, 24 firmware, 46
addresses, 309 form factors, 21–23, 22–23
banks and bit width, 28 hard disk system problems, 44–45
cache, 29 installing, 299
capacity and characteristics, 305 integrated, 16
CMOS setting, 36 interfaces, 23–24, 35
470  motors  –  nonimpact printers

jumpers and DIP switches, 21, 21 network interface cards (NICs), 200
memory, 24–28, 27, 305 installing, 210–211
overview, 15, 16 for laptops, 107, 107
RAID, 45–46 problems, 60, 389
removing, 298, 298 upgrading, 303–304
sockets, 28 Network layer, 201, 203
motors, printer, 74, 99 Network Neighborhood, 130
mouse Network Operations Centers (NOCs), 396
requirements, 128 network printers, 81
troubleshooting, 58 Network Setup Wizard, 383, 383
moving equipment, 264 networks and networking, 199
MPEG-decoding capability, 15 bandwidth and latency, 209
MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating basic concepts, 199–203, 200–201
System), 145 broadband, 215–216
MS-DOS Editor utility, 335 cabling, 212–214, 212–213
msconfig utility, 145, 153–154, 337, 337, 362, 443 defined, 124
MSDSs (material safety data sheets), 267, 269 dial-up, 216, 391
MSinfo32 tool, 154, 154 exam essentials, 220, 403
multicore processors, 32 media access methods, 211–212
multifactor authentication, 233, 234 NICs. See network interface cards (NICs)
multimeters, 318, 321 in operating system installation, 170
multimonitors, 56 protocols, 203–208, 380–384, 383–384
multipartite viruses, 413, 413 resource sharing, 384–386, 385
multitasking, 124 review questions, 221–222, 404–405
multithreading, 124 settings, 179
mutation by viruses, 413, 414 SOHO. See small office or home office
My Computer component, 130, 138, 143 (SOHO) networks
My Network Places, 130, 143 status indicators, 208
My Recent Documents menu, 138–139 Task Manager for, 149
tools, 386–388
troubleshooting, 388–389
virtual private networks, 208–209
N virus transmission in, 415
wireless. See wireless networks
NAT (Network Address Translation) protocol, new, low profile extended form factor (NLX), 23
382 New Technology File System (NTFS)
native resolution of LCD monitors, 54 directory permissions, 385–386, 430–431
NDAs (nondisclosure agreements), 236 file permissions, 431
near letter quality (NLQ) printers, 71 overview, 157–158
need-to-know basis, 237 security, 253–254, 429–431
NET command, 337–339, 387 /nfo option in MSinfo32, 154
net domain, 205 NiCad (nickel-cadmium) batteries, 65
NET SHARE command, 338–339 nickel-metal hydride (NiMH) batteries, 65
NET USE command, 387 NICs (network interface cards), 200
NetBIOS (Network Basic Input Output System) installing, 210–211
protocol, 203 for laptops, 107, 107
NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface (NetBEUI) problems, 60, 389
protocol, 203 upgrading, 303–304
Netsetup.log file, 368 NiMH (nickel-metal hydride) batteries, 65
NETSTAT (network status) command, 387 NLX (new, low profile extended form factor), 23
Network Address Translation (NAT) protocol, no video problems, 55
382 NOCs (Network Operations Centers), 396
Network Basic Input Output System (NetBIOS) noise causes, 94
protocol, 203 nondisclosure agreements (NDAs), 236
network installations, 173 nonimpact printers, 71
 Noninterference model  –  ozone filters  471

Noninterference model, 243, 243 hardware compatibility and minimum

nonparity RAM, 27 requirements, 126–129
normal backups, 352, 444 recovering, 188–192, 362–365, 416–422,
north/south bridge chipsets, 35 420–421
Norton Ghost product, 302 Registry, 152–153
notebooks. See laptops and portable devices review questions, 194–195, 374–375
nslookup utility, 339, 387 system files configuration tools, 153–155,
NTBackup utility, 352–353, 443–444, 443 154–155
NTBOOTDD.SYS file, 168 system requirements, 126
NTDETECT.COM file, 168 system utilities and tools, 349
NTFS (New Technology File System) administrative, 354–356, 354–355
directory permissions, 385–386, 430–431 disk-management, 350–354, 351, 353
file permissions, 431 overview, 349–350, 349
overview, 157–158 troubleshooting. See troubleshooting
security, 253–254, 429–431 updating, 432–433
NTFS4 file system, 157 user interfaces, 130–131, 131–133
NTFS5 file system, 158 Windows. See Windows operating system
NTLDR file, 168 operational issues, 91–92, 366–367
NTOSKRNL.EXE file, 168 operational procedures
NTUSER.DAT file, 192, 365, 422 communication skills. See
nuisance tripping, 111, 265 communication skills
null modem cables, 63 exam essentials, 282
review questions, 283–284
safety, 261
electrostatic discharge, 261–265,
O 262–263, 265
environmental issues, 267–271,
obstructed paper paths, 99 270–271
Occupational Safety and Health Administration optical drives, 11, 14–15
(OSHA), 271 optical mice, 58
odor causes, 94 optimization, 300–301
OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division BIOS upgrades, 302–303
Multiplexing), 247, 393 buses, 304–305
off board interfaces, 20 cooling system upgrades, 303
Offline File Wizard, 344 CPUs, 302, 306
offline files, 344 hard drives, 301–302
Windows 2000, 344–345 legacy device drivers, 304
Windows Vista, 347, 348 memory for, 301, 305
Windows XP, 346–347, 346–347 NIC upgrades, 303–304
offsite storage for backups, 114 system/firmware limitations, 306
on board interfaces, 20 video cards, 304
On Idle option, 345 Windows Vista features, 370–373, 371
onsite storage for backups, 114 order, boot, 192
open source operating systems, 124 org domain, 205
operating systems, 122 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
administrative tools, 147–151, 150 (OFDM), 247, 393
boot sequences, 187–192 OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health
command prompt, 145–147 Administration), 271
components, 131–133, 132 OSI model, 201–203
Desktop. See Desktop out of memory errors in laser printers, 323
directory structures. See directory structures output capacity of power-supplies, 48
exam essentials, 192–193, 373 overclocking, 31
generalities, 122–125 owners of data, 239
hardening, 425–428, 427 ozone filters, 324
472  package types for memory chips  –  physical memory

PCL (Printer Control Language), 97, 104

P PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card
International Association) cards
package types for memory chips, 26–27, 27
laptops, 68
packet filters, 229
removing, 169
page description language (PDL), 97
types, 66
page printers. See laser printers
PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card
Pages/Sec counter, 167, 356
International Association) interface, 42
Panda Software site, 414
PDL (page description language), 97
PAP (Password Authentication Protocol), 230
peer-to-peer networks, 200, 200
paper, printer, 105
penetration detection, 226
paper jams, 323
pens, 67
dot-matrix printers, 99
Pentium processors, 30–31
ink-jet printers, 100
Celeron, 31–32
laser printers, 101
Pentium II, 31
paper transport assembly in laser printers, 74, 74
Pentium III, 32
parallel buses, 42
Pentium 4, 32
parallel ports, 37, 61, 80
Pentium 4 Extreme Edition, 34
parity, memory, 27, 36
Pentium Pro, 31
partitions, 157
summary, 32–34
creating, 174, 177
performance. See optimization
types, 158–159, 353
Performance Logs and Alerts tool, 151, 354, 356
parts
Performance Monitor tool, 151, 356, 427
removing, 294–299, 295–298
Performance tab in Task Manager, 148–149, 167
replacement and reassembly, 299–300
Performance tool, 167, 354
passive heat sinks, 28, 50, 303
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus
passive matrix screens, 53
characteristics, 40, 40, 304–305
Password Authentication Protocol (PAP), 230
device installation, 300
passwords
slots, 39, 59, 59
administrators, 179
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) Express
backdoor, 252
bus, 66
BIOS-level security, 252
description, 41
logon, 230, 230
slots, 59
managing, 253
peripherals. See input and peripheral devices
policies for, 437–438
permissions
supervisor setting, 37
directories, 385–386, 430–431
Passwords Must Meet Complexity Requirements
files, 163–164, 431
of the Installed Password Filter policy, 438
problems, 389
patch cables, 60
Personal Computer Memory Card International
patches, 432
Association (PCMCIA) cards
paths, file, 160
laptops, 68
PC Cards
removing, 169
laptops, 68
types, 66
removing, 169
Personal Computer Memory Card International
types, 66
Association (PCMCIA) interface, 42
PC100 memory modules, 25
personalizing software, 179
PC2700 memory modules, 25
PGA (pin grid array) sockets, 18, 18, 28
PC3200 memory modules, 25
phage viruses, 413
/pch option in MSinfo32, 154
phantom directory listings, 14
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus
Phenom processors, 32
characteristics, 40, 40, 304–305
phishing, 244
device installation, 300
phosphors in CRT devices, 54, 54
slots, 39, 59, 59
physical connectivity of CPUs, 29, 306
PCI Express (PCIE, PCI-E, or PCIe) bus, 66
Physical layer, 201, 203
description, 41
physical memory, 25–26
slots, 59
 physical security  –  private information  473

physical security, 226, 254 output capacity, 306

physical size of memory, 305 overview, 48–49, 48
pickup rollers preventive maintenance, 110–112, 111
ink-jet printers, 100 problems, 49–50
laser printers, 76–77, 101 removing, 297, 297
piezoelectric ink-jet printers, 72 safety issues, 268
pin grid array (PGA) sockets, 18, 18, 28 testers, 318
pin-out diagrams for ports, 24 UPSs, 110
ping utility, 146, 339, 388 in Windows operating system installation,
pipelining, 30–31 168–169
Plain Old Telephone System (POTS), 216 power-on self-test (POST), 36, 39, 45
plenum/PVC cable, 214 PowerPoint, 56
Plug and Play feature PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol), 209
IDE drives, 44 preemptive multitasking, 124
laptop support, 64 Presentation layer, 202
USB, 81, 304 Presenter View in PowerPoint, 56
plumbing, 398 preventive maintenance, 109
point-to-multipoint technology, 215 cleaning, 109–110
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP), 209 power, 110–112, 111
pointing devices for laptops, 67, 108, 316 printers, 324–325
policies software, 112–115
local, 437–439 primary corona in laser printers, 73, 76, 76
working with, 435–437 primary partitions, 158, 353
polling, 212 principals in KDC, 232
polymorphic viruses, 413, 414 print queues, 95
POP (Post Office Protocol), 382 print spoolers, 93, 96, 322
port addresses, 211, 310 Printer Control Language (PCL), 97, 104
port replicators, 64 printers, 70, 319
portable devices. See laptops and portable devices cleaning, 110
portable installation type, 170 components, 71
ports configuration, 81, 82
CMOS settings, 37 consumables, 105–106
common, 207–208 critical information, 70–71
forwarding, 397 dot-matrix, 71–72
laptops, 66 drivers, 97
mapping, 397 environmental issues, 106
peripherals, 58, 58, 60–62 firmware, 81
printers, 80–81 ink-jet, 72, 72
SOHO networks, 396 interfaces, 80–81
triggering, 397 laser. See laser printers
troubleshooting, 24 LED, 72, 79–80
POST (power-on self-test), 36, 39, 45 memory, 97
POST cards, 39 port settings, 37
Post Office Protocol (POP), 382 preventive maintenance, 110, 324–325
postinstallation routines, 185–186 print job management, 95–96
PostScript (PS) language, 97 problems, 366
POTS (Plain Old Telephone System), 216 properties and settings, 96
power and power supplies, 48 safety issues, 268
CMOS settings, 36 sharing, 384, 385
connectors, 20, 20, 297, 297 status, 319–320, 320–321
fans, 51 troubleshooting. See troubleshooting
high voltages, 263, 263 printheads, 322
installing, 299 Printing Troubleshooter, 93
laptops, 65, 67–68, 67, 107–108, 107, 314–315 privacy, 280–281
laser printers, 74–75, 77, 102 private information, 237
474  private keys  –  resolution of monitors

private keys, 227–228 recommended requirements, 127

processes reconditioned toner cartridges, 102, 106
background, 373 recovering operating systems, 188–192, 226,
Task Manager for, 148 362–365, 416–422, 420–421
processors. See central processing units (CPUs) Recovery Console utility, 187–191, 362–364,
product activation, 183 416–419
product keys, 179, 182 Recycle Bin, 144–145
Profile 2.0 standard, 12 recycling computers, 272–273
profiles, 192, 365, 422, 435–439 redirecting folders, 436
Program Data directory, 344 Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID),
Program Files directory, 344 45–46
Programs submenu, 138 refilled toner cartridges, 102, 106
Properties window, 142, 142 reformatting IDE drives, 45
protocols and technologies, network, 203–208, refresh rate for monitors, 52
380–384, 383–384 refreshing memory, 25
proxy firewalls, 229 Regedit and Regedt32 application, 152,
proxy servers, 382 444–445, 445
PS (PostScript) language, 97 regional settings, 179, 182, 361
PS/2 (Mini-DIN) connectors, 57, 62 registered jack (RJ) connectors, 61
public information, 235–237 Registry
public keys, 227–228 backing up, 365, 422
punctuality, 278 on ERDs, 191–192
in installation, 179
modifying, 152–153, 444–445, 445
overview, 152
Q restoring, 153
Registry Editor, 152, 444–445, 445
quad pipelining, 31 relative humidity, 265, 271
quality /RELEASE option in IPCONFIG, 147, 336, 387
ink-jet printers, 99 Remote Assistance, 360
laser printers, 324 Remote Desktop feature, 359–360, 359,
queues, print, 95 445–446, 446
Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), 359
Remote Installation Service (RIS), 164, 173, 436
removable storage, 12–14, 13
R removing
case covers, 295, 295
radio frequency interference (RFI), 267 disk drives, 69, 297–298, 298
radio wave printers, 81 expansion/adapter cards, 296, 296
RADSL (rate-adaptive DSL), 215 input devices, 295
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent memory, 299
Disks), 45–46 motherboards, 298, 298
RAM. See memory peripherals, 169
Rambus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), 17 power supplies, 297, 297
Rambus inline memory modules (RIMMs), 17, 27 /RENEW option in IPCONFIG, 147, 336, 387
RAMBUS memory, 26 repetitive marks and defects in laser printer
rate-adaptive DSL (RADSL), 215 output, 103
RD command, 340 replacing disk drives, 69
RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol), 359 /report option in MSinfo32, 154
RDRAM (Rambus dynamic RAM), 17 reporting accidents, 271
Read & Execute permission, 386, 430–431 reproducing problems, 276
Read Only attribute, 162 Reset Account Lockout Counter After
Read permission, 386, 431 policy, 438
read/write heads in floppy drives, 14 resistors, terminating, 398–399, 400
Recent Items submenu, 138–139 resolution of monitors, 52, 54
 resources  –  Security IDs (SIDs)  475

resources ScanDisk utility, 112, 178

assignment, 312, 313 scanners
determining, 311, 311–312 fingerprint, 254
diagnostic, 313 vulnerability, 447
and drivers, 367 Scheduled Synchronization Wizard, 345
overview, 308–310 Scheduled Task Wizard, 360
sharing, 384–386, 385 scheduling tasks, 360–361
for troubleshooting, 94–95 scopes of IP addresses, 206
respect, 279 Screen Saver tab, 134
Restart option, 141 screens, laptop, 314
restore points, 187, 358–359, 358, 424–425, 424 screwdrivers, 69, 321
restoring scripts, 437
backups, 352 SCSI (Small Computer System Interface), 35
Registry, 153 SDRAM (synchronous DRAM), 25–26
user data files, 186 SDSL (symmetric DSL), 215
restricted information, 237 Seagate PowerQuest Drive Image product, 302
retroviruses, 414 Search submenu, 139
RF collars, 400 SECC (single edge contact cartridge) form factor,
RFI (radio frequency interference), 267 18, 28
RGB connectors, 53 SECC-style (SECC2) cartridges, 32
ribbon connectors, 61 Secret information classification, 238
ribbons for printers, 106 sectors, 38, 174
RIMMs (Rambus inline memory modules), 17, 27 Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA), 227
RIS (Remote Installation Service), 164, 173, 436 Secure Shell (SSH) application, 382
riser cards, 22–23 Secure Socket Layer (SSL) protocol, 382
RJ (registered jack) connectors, 61 SecureDigital (SD) cards, 12
roaming profiles, 436 security, 409
roaming users, 436 access control lists, 434
rogue access points, 219, 395 administrative tools, 441–446
roles in security process, 239 auditing and logging, 447
rollers authentication, 229–235, 230–231
ink-jet printers, 100 basic principles, 225–226
laser printers, 76–77, 101, 103 biometrics, 254
root directory, 160 BIOS, 245, 252–253, 447–448
rootkits, 250–251 CHAP, 230–231
routers, 200 data sensitivity. See data sensitivity
SOHO networks, 391–392 data wiping, 228
wireless networks, 402–403 diagnostic tools, 422–425, 424
routes, tracing, 146, 340–341, 388 disks and directories, 439–441, 440–441
rules for network connections, 397 encryption, 227–228, 448–449
Run command, 140 exam essentials, 255, 449
features, 245–246
file system hardening, 428–431
firewalls, 228–229
S malicious software protection, 249–252
operating system hardening, 425–428, 427
S-Video connectors, 53 operating system updates, 432–433
Safe Mode, 187, 366, 368–369, 422–423 password management, 253
safety, 261 profiles and policies, 435–439
electrostatic discharge, 261–265, recovery issues, 416–422, 420–421
262–263, 265 review questions, 256–257, 450–451
environmental issues, 267–271, 270–271 viruses. See viruses and malware
SATA (Serial ATA) interface, 45 wireless systems, 246–249
satellite networks, 215, 391 workstations, 253–254
scan rate for monitors, 52 Security IDs (SIDs), 164
476  Security log file  –  specialty tools

Security log file, 149 single edge contact cartridge (SECC) form factor,
security professionals, 239 18, 28
Security Settings extension, 437 single edge processors (SEPs), 32
segments, 200 single inline memory modules (SIMMs), 17, 18
Sensitive but Unclassified classification, 237 banks, 28
sensors, temperature, 322 description, 26, 27
SEPs (single edge processors), 32 removing, 299
Serial ATA (SATA) interface, 45 site surveys, 218–219, 248, 395
serial buses, 42 64-bit operating systems, 125
serial cables, 61 size
serial ports, 61, 80 floppy drives, 10
servers memory, 305
network, 199, 201 Taskbar, 135
proxy, 382 slave drives, 43, 44
service management, 355, 355 Sleep option, 141
service packs, 167, 432 Slot 2 slots, 31
service-set identifiers (SSIDs), 219, 246, 395 Small Computer System Interface (SCSI), 35
Services tool, 151 small office or home office (SOHO)
Session layer, 202–203 networks, 390
Settings submenu, 139 connection types, 390–396, 392, 394
Settings tab, 135 hardware and software configuration,
setup files, 175 396–397
Setup Manager, 164 installation, 397–403, 398–403
Setup program, 177 small outline DIMMs (SoDIMMs), 17, 18, 27
Setupact.log file, 368 smart cards, 233–234, 245
Setupapi.log file, 368 smearing in laser printer output, 323
Setuperr.log file, 368 SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), 382
SFC.EXE utility, 340, 370, 423–424 smudging in laser printer output, 103–104
SHA (Secure Hash Algorithm), 227 sniffers, 400
shadow copies, 114 social engineering, 244–245
share-level security, 200 sockets, CPU, 18–19, 18, 28
Shared Folders tool, 151 SoDIMMs (small outline DIMMs), 17, 18, 27
sharing software
directories, 385–386, 430–431 beta tests, 236
network resources, 384–386, 385 cleaning, 112–115
video, 315 exploitation, 249–250
sheet fed printers, 71 malicious. See viruses and malware
shells, 124 SOHO networks, 396
shielded cable, 62 tools, 317–318
coax, 397–400, 398–400 software firewalls, 228–229
twisted pair wiring, 212–214, 400–402, 401 Software Installation extension, 436
shortcuts, icons for, 141 Software Settings options, 437
/showcategories option in MSinfo32, 155 SOHO (small office or home office)
Shut Down command, 140–141 networks, 390
Shutdown scripts, 437 connection types, 390–396, 392, 394
Sidebar feature, 136, 136, 371, 372 hardware and software configuration,
SIDs (Security IDs), 164 396–397
signatures, virus, 413 installation, 397–403, 398–403
signed drivers, 155, 155 solid state drives, 12, 13
SIMMs (single inline memory modules), 17, 18 sound-card problems, 60
banks, 28 spam, 251–252
description, 26, 27 spanning disks, 158
removing, 299 special ID numbers (SSIDs), 219, 395
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), 382 special permissions, 163–164
specialty tools, 318
 speed  –  Task Scheduler  477

speed Switch User option, 141

clock, 29 switches
CPU, 29–30, 306 DIP, 21, 21
memory, 36, 305 network, 402
ports, 61 SXGA+ (super extended graphics array), 54
spoolers, print, 93, 96, 322 symmetric DSL (SDSL), 215
SPP (standard parallel port), 37 symmetric encryption algorithms, 227
spyware, 250 symptoms and causes in troubleshooting
SRAM (static RAM), 25 documentation and resources, 94–95
SSH (Secure Shell) application, 382, 388 hardware, 94
SSID broadcasts, 218, 394 operational issues, 91–93
SSIDs (service-set identifiers), 219, 246, 395 security, 245–246, 410
SSL (Secure Socket Layer) protocol, 382 Synchronization Manager, 345–346, 347
Stand By option, 141 Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), 25–26
standard desktop icons, 142–145, 144 sysprep.exe (System Preparation Tool), 164,
standard parallel port (SPP), 37 172–173
standard permissions, 164 system
Standby state, 68, 169 limitations, 306
start/load problems, 92–93 requirements, 126
Start menu, 135 updating, 113
contents, 136–141, 137 System attribute, 162
in installation, 179 system boards. See motherboards
startup programs, 362, 372, 372 system bus, 39
startup scripts, 437 System Configuration Utility, 145, 153–154, 337,
stateful inspection, 229 337, 362, 443
static address assignment problems, 389 system date and time settings, 36, 179, 182
static eliminator strips in laser printers, 101 System File Checker (SFC) utility, 340, 370,
static mats, 264–265, 265 423–424
static RAM (SRAM), 25 system files, 153–155, 154–155, 168, 343
status, printer, 319–320, 320–321 System Information utility, 311, 312, 357, 358
status indicators, 94, 208 system lockup, 92, 367
stealth viruses, 414, 414 System log file, 149
stepper motors, 74, 99 System Management tools, 145
sticks, RAM, 26 System Monitor tool, 151, 354, 356
storage device overview, 9–10, 10 system preparation tool (sysprep), 164, 172–173
floppy drives, 10–11, 14 system reboots, 366
hard disk systems, 11–12 System Restore tool, 358–359, 358, 424–425, 424
installing, 300 System Tray (systray), 135
optical drives, 14–15 system utilities and tools, 349
removable storage, 12–14, 13 administrative, 354–356, 354–355
removing, 297–298, 298 disk-management, 350–354, 351, 353
Store Password Using Reversible Encryption For overview, 349–350, 349
All Users In The Domain policy, 438
STP (shielded twisted pair) wiring, 212–214,
400–402, 401
striping disks, 45–46, 158
Striping with Parity, 46
T
stylus, 67, 107, 316 T-8 Torx screwdrivers, 69
subnet masks, 205, 382, 389 T-connectors, 398, 401
subnetting, 207–208 tablet PCs, 67
super extended graphics array (SXGA+), 54 tape drives, 12
superscalar architecture, 30 Task Manager
supervisor passwords, 37 displaying, 317
surge protectors, 111, 111, 265, 266 memory statistics, 167
Suspend state, 68, 169 overview, 148–149, 356–357, 446
swappable batteries, 66 Task Scheduler, 360–361
478  Taskbar  –  UL (Underwriters Laboratories)

Taskbar, 135–136, 135–136 Trojan horses, 251

Taskbar And Start Menu Properties screen, 139 troubleshooting, 90
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet diagnostic procedures, 307–308
Protocol), 201, 207, 382 dislodged chips and cards, 35
Telnet protocol, 146, 382, 388 documentation and resources, 94–95
temperature sensors, 322 exam essentials, 116
templates, administrative, 437 floppy drives, 14
temporary files, 343, 344 hardware, 94
10BaseT network cabling, 213 I/O ports and cables, 24
terminating resistors, 398–399, 400 keyboard and mouse, 57–58
test pages, printing, 96, 322 laptops, 106–109, 107, 315–316
text-based installation phase, 180–181, 181 networks, 388–389
TFT (thin-film transistor) technology, 53 NICs, 60
TGSs (ticket-granting servers), 232 operating systems, 333–341, 337, 361
Themes tab, 134 diagnostic tools, 368–370
thermal cutoff switches, 108, 316 error messages, 367–368
thermal ink-jet printers operational problems, 366–367
description, 72 performance, 370–373, 371
troubleshooting, 99–100 recovery, 362–365
thermal wax transfer printers, 80 optical drives, 14–15
thin clients, 199 overview, 90–91
thin-film transistor (TFT) technology, 53 preventive maintenance, 109–115, 111
32-bit operating systems, 124–125 printers, 93, 95, 320–322
throttling, 31 consumables, 105–106
thumb drives, 12, 13 critical information, 95
ticket-granting servers (TGSs), 232 dot-matrix, 98–99, 322
time settings, 36, 179, 182 drivers, 97
token passing, 211 environmental issues, 106
tokens, security, 231–232, 232 ink-jet, 99–100, 322
toner and toner cartridges, 106 laser, 101–105, 323–324
changing, 324 memory, 97
cleaning pads, 106 print jobs, 95–96
disposal, 273 resources, 308–313, 311–313
laser printers, 73, 73, 75, 102 review questions, 117–118
spilled, 110, 324 sound cards, 60
toolbox, 317 symptoms and causes, 91–93
hardware tools, 318–319 Trusted Computing Group site, 253
software tools, 317–318 Trusted Platform Module (TPM), 252–253, 448
Top Secret classification, 238 TTL (transistor-transistor logic) chips, 262
tower cases, 22 Turn Off Computer command, 140–141
TPM (Trusted Platform Module), 252–253, 448 twisted-pair wiring, 63, 212–214, 400–402,
TRACERT (trace route) utility, 146, 401–402
340–341, 388 two-factor authentication systems, 233, 234
training materials for diagnostics, 313 Type I PCMCIA devices, 66
transfer corona in laser printers, 74, 75 Type II PCMCIA devices, 66
transferring step in laser printing process, 78, 78 Type III PCMCIA devices, 66
transistor-transistor logic (TTL) chips, 262 typical installations, 170
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP), 201, 207, 382
transmission of viruses in networks, 415
transmission speed of ports, 61
transparencies, printing, 105–106
U
Transport layer, 202 UAC (User Account Control) feature, 371, 428
triggering, port, 397 UDCs (universal data connectors), 213
triple-core processors, 32 UDP (User Datagram Protocol), 207
tripping, electrical, 110, 111, 265, 266 UL (Underwriters Laboratories), 112, 265
 ultra extended graphics array (UXGA)  –  warm docking  479

ultra extended graphics array (UXGA), 54

UltraDMA technology, 42 V
unattended installations, 164, 172–173
vampire taps, 400, 401
Unclassified classification, 237
VDSL (very high bit-rate DSL), 215
Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 112, 265
verifying installation, 186
uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs), 110, 265
versions of operating systems, 124–125
universal data connectors (UDCs), 213
vertical lines on page in laser printer output, 103
Universal Serial Bus. See USB (Universal
very high bit-rate DSL (VDSL), 215
Serial Bus)
VESA local bus (Video Electronics Standards
unneeded peripherals, removing, 108, 316
Association Local Bus), 40
unshielded cable
VGA cable, 56
description, 62
VGA connectors, 52
twisted pair wiring, 63, 212–214,
video
400–402, 401
laptops, 108, 315–316
updating
operating systems, 127–128
drivers, 113, 185–186
video cards, 304
operating systems, 432–433
Video Electronics Standards Association Local
printer firmware, 81
Bus (VESA local bus), 40
system, 113
video memory (VRAM), 28
upgrade installations, 172
video sharing, 315
upgrading
virtual memory, 166–167
BIOS, 302–303
virtual private networks (VPNs), 208–209
cooling systems, 303
viruses and malware, 249–250, 366, 409
CPU, 302
antivirus software, 415–416
display devices, 56
CMOS settings, 37
NICs, 303–304
Klez32, 416
Windows operating systems, 165–166
network transmission, 415
UPSs (uninterruptible power supplies), 110, 265
operation, 410–411, 411
USA PATRIOT Act, 281
overview, 409
USB (Universal Serial Bus)
protection from, 249–252
connectors, 62
symptoms, 246, 410
flash drives, 12
types, 411–414, 412–414
keyboards, 57
visible damage, 94
ports, 23–24, 81
VL-Bus (Video Electronics Standards Association
User Account Control (UAC) feature, 371, 428
Local Bus), 40
User Configuration options, 437
Voice over IP (VoIP), 392
user data
voltage regulator modules (VRMs), 30
migrating, 166
voltages, 268
restoring, 186
CPU, 30, 306
User Datagram Protocol (UDP), 207
power-supplies, 48–49
user files, 342–343, 342
voltmeters, 263, 263, 318, 321
user interfaces, 130–131, 131–133
VPNs (virtual private networks), 208–209
user-level security, 200
VRAM (video memory), 28
user manuals for diagnostics, 313
VRMs (voltage regulator modules), 30
User Must Logon To Change The Password
vulnerability scanners, 447
policy, 438
user profiles, 192, 365, 422
User Rights Assignment settings, 439
User State Migration Tool (USMT), 166
usernames, 230, 230 W
users of data, 239 Wake On LAN (WoL) cards, 60, 169
Users tab in Task Manager, 149 WANs (wide area networks), 200, 391
USMT (User State Migration Tool), 166 WAP (Wireless Application Protocol), 247–248,
UTP (unshielded twisted pair) wiring, 63, 393–394
212–214, 400–402, 401 war driving, 219, 395
UXGA (ultra extended graphics array), 54 warm docking, 64
480  wattage of power-supplies  –  WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access)

wattage of power-supplies, 48–49 Windows Vista operating system, 125

Web resources for diagnostics, 313 hardening, 428, 429
Web tab, 135 hardware requirements, 128
WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), 218, installation, 185
247–248, 394 interface, 131, 133
white lines on page in laser printer output, 103 offline files, 347, 348
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), 218, 394 optimization features, 370–373, 371
Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 (WPA2), 218, 394 Start menu, 137, 137
wide area networks (WANs), 200, 391 Windows Vista Upgrade Advisor, 129
widescreen ultra extended graphics array Windows XP operating system, 125–126
(WUXGA), 54 hardening, 427–428
WiFi, 108, 393 hardware requirements, 127–128
Windows 7 operating system, 126 installation, 180–183, 181–182, 184
Windows 2000 operating system, 125 interface, 131, 132
hardening, 426–427, 427 offline files, 346–347, 346–347
hardware requirements, 127–128 Start menu, 137, 137
installation, 175–179, 178 WinMSD utility, 318
interface, 131, 132 WINNT.EXE utility, 175
offline files, 344–345 WINNT32.EXE utility, 165, 175–177
Windows 2000 Setup Wizard, 178–179, 178 WINS (Windows Internet Naming Service), 204
Windows Backup and Recovery Tool/Wizard, Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), 218,
188, 191, 421 247–248, 394
Windows Catalog, 126–127 Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), 217–218,
Windows Defender, 372, 372 393–394
Windows Explorer, 130, 131, 446 Wireless Markup Language (WML), 217–218,
Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS), 204 248, 393
Windows Marketplace, 127 wireless networks
Windows NT operating system, 125 Bluetooth, 217, 390
Windows operating system, 156 cellular, 217, 391
files and folders, 159–162, 161 IEEE 802, 393
attributes, 162–163 overview, 216, 392–393, 392
directory structures. See directory router placement, 402–403
structures security, 246–249
file systems, 156–159 vulnerabilities, 218–219, 248–249, 394–396
permissions, 163–164 WAP/WEP, 217–218, 247–248, 393–394
versions, 125–126 wireless printers, 81
Windows operating system installation, 164 Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS),
boot files, 168 246–247, 392, 392
device drivers, 165 WML (Wireless Markup Language), 217–218,
method, 171–173 248, 393
options, 169–171 WMLScript, 218, 248, 393
peripheral removal, 169 WoL (Wake On LAN) cards, 60, 169
postinstallation routines, 185–186 work area for computer disassembly, 294
power management, 168–169 work products, 237
preparing for, 174–175 workgroups, 200
service packs, 167 working copy backups, 114
system files, 168 working documents, 237
upgrading, 165–166 workstations
virtual memory, 166–167 locking, 253–254
Windows 2000, 175–179, 178 in network installations, 173
Windows Vista, 185 in networks, 199–200
Windows XP, 180–183, 181–182, 184 worms, 251
Windows Settings options, 437 WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access), 218, 394
 WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2)  –  Zip drives  481

WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2), 218, 394 XCOPY command, 341
wrap plugs, 318 Xeon processors, 31
wrist straps, 261–263, 262, 318 XGA (extended graphics array), 54
Write permission, 386, 431
writing step in laser printing process, 76, 77
WTLS (Wireless Transport Layer Security),
246–247, 392, 392
WUXGA (widescreen ultra extended graphics
Y
array), 54 YaST (Yet Another Setup Tool), 384
yellow exclamation points, 312

X
x64 operating systems, 125
Z
x86 operating systems, 125 Zip drives, 14