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ASSIGNMENTS FOR
TRIMESTER I
LIST OF SUBJECTS FOR TRIMESTER - I
Sr.No Subject Code Subject

1 101 ECONOMICS
2 102 PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES OF MANAGEMENT
3 103 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

4 105 BUSINESS STATISTICS AND MATHEMATICS
5 106 IT SKILLS AND COMPUTER BASICS

6 107 ACCOUNTING FOR MANAGERS
7 108 MARKETING MANAGEMENT
8 109 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
9 110 PRINCIPLES OF MANUFACTURING MANAGEMENT
Pune Institute of Business Management, Pune
PIBM/ Eco101 Total Marks: 70
101 - ECONOMICS
Solve any 7 out of 10 questions.
Each question carries 10 marks.
1. Define Managerial Economics. What is the significance of managerial

economics?
Managerial economics (sometimes referred to as business economics), is a branch of

economics that applies microeconomic analysis to decision methods of businesses or
other management units. As such, it bridges economic theory and economics in practice.
It draws heavily from quantitative techniques such as regression analysis and correlation,
Lagrangian calculus (linear). If there is a unifying theme that runs through most of
managerial economics it is the attempt to optimize business decisions given the firm's
objectives and given constraints imposed by scarcity, for example through the use of
operations research and programming.
Almost any business decision can be analyzed with managerial economics techniques,
but it is most commonly applied to:
• Risk analysis - various models are used to quantify risk and asymmetric
information and to employ them in decision rules to manage risk.
• Production analysis - microeconomic techniques are used to analyze production
efficiency, optimum factor allocation, costs, and economies of scale and to
estimate the firm's cost function.
• Pricing analysis - microeconomic techniques are used to analyze various pricing
decisions including transfer pricing, joint product pricing, price discrimination,
price elasticity estimations, and choosing the optimum pricing method.
• Capital budgeting - Investment theory is used to examine a firm's capital
purchasing decisions.
At universities, the subject is taught primarily to advanced undergrads. It is approached

as an integration subject. That is, it integrates many concepts from a wide variety of
prerequisite courses. In many countries it is possible to read for a degree in Business
Economics which often covers managerial economics, financial economics, game theory,
business forecasting and industrial economics.
2. State the Law of Demand. What are the determinants of demand?
When a supply and demand model is recursive, with errors uncorrelated across the two
equations, ordinary least square (OLS) is the recommended estimation procedure. Supply
to a daily fish market is determined by the previous night`s catch, so this would appear to
be a good example of a recursive market. Despite this, data from the Fulton fish market
are treated in the literature, without explanation, as coming from a simultaneous-
equations market. We provide the missing explanation: inventory changes, influenced by
current price, affect daily supply. Instrumental variable estimates using the full data set
differ very little from OLS estimates using only observations with little inventory change,
providing strong support for our explanation. Finally, we note that because of inventory
changes, estimates of supply price elasticities in high-frequency markets must be
interpreted with care.
3. Explain elasticity of demand with the help of a diagram
Ans:- elasticity is the ratio of the percent change in one variable to the percent change in
another variable. It is a tool for measuring the responsiveness of a function to changes in
parameters in a unitless way. Frequently used elasticities include price elasticity of
demand, price elasticity of supply, income elasticity of demand, elasticity of substitution
between factors of production and elasticity of intertemporal substitution.
Elasticity is one of the most important concepts in neoclassical economic theory. It is

useful in understanding the incidence of indirect taxation, marginal concepts as they
relate to the theory of the firm, and distribution of wealth and different types of goods as
they relate to the theory of consumer choice. Elasticity is also crucially important in any
discussion of welfare distribution, in particular consumer surplus, producer surplus, or
government surplus.
In empirical work an elasticity is the estimated coefficient in a linear regression equation

where both the dependent variable and the independent variable are in natural logs.
Elasticity is a popular tool among empiricists because it is independent of units and thus
simplifies data analysis.
Generally, an "elastic" variable is one which responds "a lot" to small changes in other
parameters. Similarly, an "inelastic" variable describes one which does not change much
in response to changes in other parameters. A major study of the price elasticity of supply
and the price elasticity of demand for US products was undertaken by Hendrik S.
Houthakker and Lester D. Taylor.[1]
4. State the Law of Supply. What are the exceptions to the Law of Supply?
the law of supply is the tendency of suppliers to offer more of a good at a higher price.[1]
Behavioral economics and its related area of study, behavioral finance, use social,
cognitive and emotional factors in understanding the economic decisions of individuals
and institutions performing economic functions, including consumers, borrowers and
investors, and their effects on market prices, returns and the resource allocation. The
fields are primarily concerned with the bounds of rationality (selfishness, self-control) of
economic agents. Behavioral models typically integrate insights from psychology with
neo-classical economic theory.
Behavioral analysts are not only concerned with the effects of market decisions but also
with public choice, which describes another source of economic decisions with related
biases towards promoting self-interest.
5. What is Monopoly? Explain with examples.
a monopoly (from Greek monos / μονος (alone or single) + polein / πωλειν (to sell))
exists when a specific individual or an enterprise has sufficient control over a particular
product or service to determine significantly the terms on which other individuals shall
have access to it. (This is in contrast to a monopsony which relates to a single entity's
control over a market to purchase a good or service, and contrasted with oligopoly where
a few entities exert considerable influence over an industry)[1][clarification needed] Monopolies
are thus characterised by a lack of economic competition to produce the good or service
and a lack of viable substitute goods.[2] The verb "monopolise" refers to the process by
which a firm gains persistently greater market share than what is expected under perfect
competition.
A monopoly must be distinguished from monopsony, in which there is only one buyer of
a product or service ; a monopoly may also have monopsony control of a sector of a
market. Likewise, a monopoly should be distinguished from a cartel (a form of
oligopoly), in which several providers act together to coordinate services, prices or sale
of goods. Monopolies, monopsonies and oligopolies are all situations where one or a few
of the entities have market power and therefore must interact with their customers
(monopoly), suppliers (monopsony) and the other firms (oligopoly) in a game theoretic
manner - meaning that expectations about their behavior affects other players' choice of
strategy and vice versa. This is to be contrasted with the model of perfect competition
where firms are price takers and do not have market power. Monopolists typically
produce fewer goods and sell them at a higher price than under perfect competition,
resulting in abnormal and sustained profit. (See also Bertrand, Cournot or Stackelberg
equilibria, market power, market share, market concentration, Monopoly profit, industrial
economics).
Monopolies can form naturally or through vertical or horizontal mergers. A monopoly is

said to be coercive when the monopoly firm actively prohibits competitors from entering
the field or punishes competitors who do (see Chainstore paradox).
In many jurisdictions, competition laws place specific restrictions on monopolies.

Holding a dominant position or a monopoly in the market is not illegal in itself, however
certain categories of behavior can, when a business is dominant, be considered abusive
and therefore be met with legal sanctions. A government-granted monopoly or legal
monopoly, by contrast, is sanctioned by the state, often to provide an incentive to invest
in a risky venture or enrich a domestic interest group. Patents, copyright, and trademarks
are all examples of government granted and enforced monopolies. The government may
also reserve the venture for itself, thus forming a government monopoly.
6. What is Cost and what are different types of Costs?
OUTPUT
The number of goods produced. E.g. if one car is produced it is one unit of output, if 100 cars
are produced it is 100 units of output.
FIXED COSTS
Costs of production that do not vary with output. They stay the same regardless of how many
goods are produced.
Examples:
- Rent
- Managers salaries
- Interest payments on loans
VARIABLE COSTS
Costs of production that vary directly with output. If more goods are produced then the costs
are likely to go up.
Examples:
- Raw materials
- Power used in production
- Wages linked to production
TOTAL COSTS
The total cost of producing all output. It is calculated by

FIXED COSTS + VARIABLE COSTS
Example:
A car manufacturer has the following costs. It makes 10 cars a week
- Rent £1000 per week

- Salaries £1,000 per week
- Interest £500 per week
- Materials £100 per car
- Wages £50 per car
- Power £100 per car
Fixed costs are 1000 + 1000 + 500 = £2,500
Variable costs are (100 * 10) + ( 50 * 10) + (100 *10 ) = £2,500
Total costs are £2,500 + £2,500 = £5,000

7. Describe Law of Variable Proportions
[Improve]Answer:
Sometimes referred to as variable factor proportions, law of diminishing returns states
that as equal quantities of one variable factor are increased, while other factor inputs
remain constant, ceteris paribus, a point is reached beyond which the addition of one
more unit of the variable factor will result in a diminishing rate of return and the marginal
physical product will fall.
8. What is Monopolistic Competition? How is it different from Oligopoly?
9. What do you mean by Price discrimination? Elaborate.
10. What does perfect competition mean? What are its characteristics?

PIBM/ PPM102 Total Marks: 70
102 – PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES OF MANAGEMENT
1. What do understand by “Business Objective”? Explain.
Introduction
When a sole trader sets up they may have some unstated aims or objectives - for example to
survive for the first year. Other businesses may wish to state exactly what they are aiming to
do, such as Amazon, the Internet CD and bookseller, who wants to “make history and have fun”.
An aim is where the business wants to go in the future, its goals. It is a statement of purpose,
e.g. we want to grow the business into Europe.
Business objectives are the stated, measurable targets of how to achieve business aims. For
instance, we want to achieve sales of €10 million in European markets in 2004.
A mission statement sets out the business vision and values that enables employees, managers,
customers and even suppliers to understand the underlying basis for the actions of the business.
Business Objectives
Objectives give the business a clearly defined target. Plans can then be made to achieve these
targets. This can motivate the employees. It also enables the business to measure the progress
towards to its stated aims.
The most effective business objectives meet the following criteria:
S – Specific – objectives are aimed at what the business does, e.g. a hotel might have an
objective of filling 60% of its beds a night during October, an objective specific to that business.
M - Measurable – the business can put a value to the objective, e.g. €10,000 in sales in the next
half year of trading.
A - Agreed by all those concerned in trying to achieve the objective.
R - Realistic – the objective should be challenging, but it should also be able to be achieved by
the resources available.
T- Time specific – they have a time limit of when the objective should be achieved, e.g. by the
end of the year.
The main objectives that a business might have are:
Survival – a short term objective, probably for small business just starting out, or when a new
firm enters the market or at a time of crisis.
Profit maximisation – try to make the most profit possible – most like to be the aim of the
owners and shareholders.
Profit satisficing – try to make enough profit to keep the owners comfortable – probably the aim
of smaller businesses whose owners do not want to work longer hours.
Sales growth – where the business tries to make as many sales as possible. This may be because
the managers believe that the survival of the business depends on being large. Large businesses
can also benefit from economies of scale.
A business may find that some of their objectives conflict with one and other:
Growth versus profit: for example, achieving higher sales in the short term (e.g. by cutting
prices) will reduce short-term profit.
Short-term versus long-term: for example, a business may decide to accept lower cash flows in
the short-term whilst it invests heavily in new products or plant and equipment.
Large investors in the Stock Exchange are often accused of looking too much at short-term
objectives and company performance rather than investing in a business for the long-term.
Alternative Aims and Objectives
Not all businesses seek profit or growth. Some organisations have alternative objectives.
Examples of other objectives:
Ethical and socially responsible objectives – organisations like the Co-op or the Body Shop have
objectives which are based on their beliefs on how one should treat the environment and people
who are less fortunate.
Public sector corporations are run to not only generate a profit but provide a service to the
public. This service will need to meet the needs of the less well off in society or help improve
the ability of the economy to function: e.g. cheap and accessible transport service.
Public sector organisations that monitor or control private sector activities have objectives
that are to ensure that the business they are monitoring comply with the laws laid down.
Health care and education establishments – their objectives are to provide a service – most
private schools for instance have charitable status. Their aim is the enhancement of their pupils
through education.
Charities and voluntary organisations – their aims and objectives are led by the beliefs they
stand for.
Changing Objectives
A business may change its objectives over time due to the following reasons:
A business may achieve an objective and will need to move onto another one (e.g. survival in
the first year may lead to an objective of increasing profit in the second year).
The competitive environment might change, with the launch of new products from competitors.
Technology might change product designs, so sales and production targets might need to
change.
2. Explain the concept of Corporate Governance

Corporate governance is the set of processes, customs, policies, laws, and institutions
affecting the way a corporation (or company) is directed, administered or controlled.
Corporate governance also includes the relationships among the many stakeholders
involved and the goals for which the corporation is governed. In contemporary business
corporations, the main external stakeholder groups are shareholders, debtholders, trade
creditors, suppliers, customers and communities affected by the corporations activities.
Internal stakeholders are the board of directors, executives, and other employees.
Corporate governance is a multi-faceted subject.[1] An important theme of corporate

governance is the nature and extent of accountability of particular individuals in the
organization, and mechanisms that try to reduce or eliminate the principal-agent problem.
A related but separate thread of discussions focuses on the impact of a corporate
governance system on economic efficiency, with a strong emphasis on shareholders'
welfare; this aspect is particularly present in contemporary public debates and
developments in regulatory policy (see regulation and policy regulation).
There has been renewed interest in the corporate governance practices of modern
corporations since 2001, particularly due to the high-profile collapses of a number of
large corporations, most of which involved accounting fraud. In the U.S., these include
Enron Corporation and MCI Inc. (formerly WorldCom). Their demise is associated with
the U.S. federal government passing the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in 2002, intending to restore
public confidence in corporate governance. Comparable failures in Australia (HIH,
One.Tel) are associated with the eventual passage of the CLERP 9 reforms. Similar
corporate failures in other countries associated stimulated increased regulatory interest
(e.g., Parmalat in Italy). Corporate scandals of various forms have maintained public and
political interest in the regulation of corporate governance.
3. Explain the nature and purpose of Corporate Governance.

4. What is planning? Explain.
5. What is organizing? Explain.
6. What are the Principles of Planning?
7. What are the Principles of Organizing?
8. What is Actuating? Explain.
9. What is controlling? Explain.
10. What are the Principles of Controlling?

PIBM/ HRM103 Total Marks: 70
103 – HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
1. Define HRM outline its objectives and features.

2. Give examples of how HR concepts and techniques can be of use to all
managers. In what ways can effective HR contribute to profits?
3. Describe HR’s role as a strategic partner in formulation and in executive
strategy.
4. Why is HR planning more common large organizations than among ones?
What are the advantages of HR Planning for large organization?
5. Write short notes on:-
a. Marker analysis.
a. Staffing Tables.
b. Skill inventory.
c. Replacement Charts.
6. Describe the various steps involved in conducting a training human

resources in an organization.
7. Briefly outline the steps involved in conducting a training program in a

systematic way.
8. Describe in detail the process of performance appraisal.
9. What is pay structure? How is it designed?
10. What are some of the challenges faced in training expatriate managers?

PIBM/ BSM105 Total Marks: 70
105 – BUSINESS STATISTICS AND MATHEMATICS

1. What is a Normal Distribution Curve? What are its applications?
2. Explain Correlation. What are its various types?
3. What is a binomial distribution?
4. Define the following:
a. Degrees of freedom
b. Tests of hypothesis
5. What are the types of errors?
6. What are t-tests? Explain.
7. What do you mean by ANOVA?
8. What is Chi Square test?
9. If nine coins are tossed what is the probability of getting at least 7 heads?
10. What is regression?

PIBM/ IT106 Total Marks: 70
106 – IT SKILLS AND COMPUTER BASICS

Each question carries 10 marks
1. Explain the block diagram of computer.

2. Explain two types of software with examples.
3. Write a short note on computer languages.
4. Write a short note on Star & Ring Topology
5. The difference between RAM & Rom
6. Write a short note on Types of computer
7. Explain Internet, Intranet, Extranet with example.
8. What are the goals and applications of networking?
9. Write a short note on Batch operating system and Real time operating
system.
10. Explain Workbook, worksheet and validation option in Excel.

PIBM/ AFM107 Total Marks: 70
107 – ACCOUNTING FOR MANAGERS
1. State the different Users of Financial Statements? Explain why are they
interested in the Statements?
2. “Every company must follow the accounting concepts and principles” Explain.
3. What are final accounts and why are they important?
4. What do you mean by Cash Flow Statements? What is the need of a cash
flow statement?
5. Define cost accounting. What are the different types of costs?
6. What are the current developments in accounting? Explain.
7. What do you mean by Working capital? Describe.
8. What are the different Conventions of Accounting? Explain
9. Distinguish between financial accounting and management accounting.
10. Define Double Entry Book-Keeping What are the rules of accounting for
entry in the required Books of Account?

PIBM/ MM108 Total Marks: 70
108 – MARKETING MANAGEMENT

1. Explain Core Marketing Concepts.

2. Explain the concept of Marketing Plan.
3. Differentiate between Marketing and Selling.
4. Explain S-T-P framework.
5. Explain Buyer decision process and factors influencing buyer behavior.
6. Differentiate between Industrial buyer and Domestic Buyer.
7. Explain 4 I’s of Services.
8. Differentiate between Customer satisfaction and Customer Delight with
example.
9. Explain the following:
A. Production Concept B. Product Concept
A. C. Selling Concept D. Marketing Concept
A. Need B. Want
B. C. Demand D. Customer Value Triad

PIBM/ OB109 Total Marks: 70
109 – ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
1. Define OB and explain Autocratic model in OB.

2. Differentiate between Personality and Attitude.
3. Explain Herzberg’s theory of job loading.
4. What is Maslow’s theory of “Hierarchy of need”.
5. Differentiate between Formal and Informal Organization.
6. What do understand by Group Dynamics? Explain importance of teams.
7. What is stress Management?
8. Differentiate between Constructive and Destructive conflict.
9. What is leadership? Differentiate between Leader and Manager.
10. What are the different models of leadership?

PIBM/ PMM110 Total Marks: 70
110 – PRINCIPLES OF MANUFACTURING MANAGEMENT
1. Explain the Nature and Scope of Operation Management.

2. What are the functions of Organization? State it’s Importance.
3. What are the Different types of Manufacturing Layouts?
4. Explain any two Manufacturing Layout.
5. Explain concepts of Scheduling and Control Systems of Manufacturing.
6. What is Quality? Explain its Concepts.
7. Why Quality Control is important? Explain.
8. What are the different types of Control Charts?
9. Differentiate between Inspection and Sampling with reference to Quality
Control techniques.
10. Explain
A. Job Design B. Motivational Techniques
ASSIGNMENTS FOR
TRIMESTER II
LIST OF SUBJECTS FOR TRIMESTER - II

1 201 ECONOMICS II (Macro)
2 203 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT II
3 205 ADVANCED STATISTICS
4 206(A) DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
5 206(B) ADVANCE EXCEL
6 206(C) MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
7 207(A) FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR ANALYSTS
8 207(B) ACCOUNTING FOR MANAGERS
9 208 MARKETING MANAGEMENT II
10 209(A) MANUFACTURING MANAGEMENT II
11 209 OPERATION RESEARCH

PIBM/ EcoII201 Total Marks: 70
201 – ECONOMICS II (Macro)
1. Define stagflation. How is it different from inflation?
2. What is a fiscal policy?
3. What do you understand by business cycles? Discuss its stages.

4. What is the difference between direct and indirect taxes? Discuss merits and
demerits of both.
5. Explain role of aggregate demand components in a closed and open economy

with help of a diagram.
6. Define National Income. Is it important to calculate?
7. What is public expenditure?
8. Define the following:
a. Equilibrium
b. Aggregate Supply
9. What is Balance of Payments? Explain.
10. Distinguish between monetary policy and fiscal policy.
PIBM/ HRM203 Total Marks: 70
203 – HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT II

1. What sources could be used to evaluate the performance of people
in the following jobs?
a. Sales Representative. b) Chief of running in a hospital.
a. HR Manager. d) Collage Professor.
b. Wages Policy in India b) Executive Compensation.
3. Define workers participation in management and discuss its

importance in the context of Indian economy.
3. Write notes on:-
c. Standing Orders b) HRD approach to Industrial Relations.
5. Write notes on:-
e. Death, retirement and resignation.
e. Suspension, discharge and dismissal.
6. Distinguish between
f. Transfer and Promotion

g. Discharge and Dismissal.
h. Placement and Induction.
7. Discuss the objectives and functions of trade Unions in India
7. What is collective bargaining? Explain the process of collective

bargaining.
8. What is job evaluation? How do you prepare the ground for
evaluating jobs?
9. Define the term ‘Grievance’? How would you try to uncover
‘Grievances’?
PIBM/ AS205 Total Marks: 70
205 – ADVANCED STATISTICS
1. What is a t-test?
2. What do you mean by ANOVA?
3. What are Non-parametric tests?
4. Explain discriminate analysis. How is different form Cluster Analysis?
5. What is Factor analysis?
6. What is Business Forecasting?
7. Explain Analysis of Time Series.
8. What is the usefulness of Multiple Correlations and multiple regression?
9. Write brief note on the following:
a. Characteristics of Poisson Probability Distribution
b. Tests of significance (small samples)
10. Explain characteristics of the Normal Probability Distribution

PIBM/ DBMS206(A) Total Marks: 70
206(A) – DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
1. Write a short note on File base System verses DBMS

2. Explain Hierarchical, Network and relational database models in short.
3. What is normalization? Explain 1NF with example.
4. What is integrity? Explain 4 integrity constraints.
5. Draw ERD of Library System
6. Draw ERD of Hotel Management
7. Explain the concept of Distributed Database in detail
8. What are the functions of DBMS
9. Write SQL commands for :
a. Create table
a. Select table
b. Update table
10. Write SQL commands for :
a. Drop table
b. Insert values into table
c. Select * from table
PIBM/ AE206(B) Total Marks: 70
206(B) – ADVANCE EXCEL
1. Write a short note on Data Validation with example.

2. What is the purpose of drawing charts in Excel? What are the different
options available for charts?
3. Explain all the tabs in Format cell option.
4. Explain all the tabs in Header and Footer option.
5. How to hyperlink other document to excel sheet? Explain stepwise.
6. Explain Pivot Chart in detail.
7. Write syntax for the following functions :
a. If
a. Average
b. Count
c. Max
d. Min
8. Explain Conditional Formatting and Filter in Excel
9. Explain 3 types of protections available in excel with example.

10. Explain Formula auditing in detail.
PIBM/MIS206(c) Total Marks: 70
206(C) – MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
1. State the need and purpose of MIS.

2. Write a short note on approaches to MIS information as strategic
recourses.
3. Write a short note on Types of Information
4. Explain Herbert Simon’s model.
5. Explain IT capabilities and their organizational impact.
6. Write a short note on Data Warehousing and Data Mining
7. Explain SDLC.
8. Explain any 4 rapid development tools.
9. Explain telecommunication and their network.
10. Write a short note on types of information.
PIBM/ FMA207(A) Total Marks: 70
207(A) – FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR ANALYSTS
1. What is the concept of finance? What do you mean by the finance

function?
2. What is the Scope and functions of financial management?
3. Distinguish between over capitalization and under capitalization.
4. What do you mean by Trading on Equity? Give example.
5. Define capital budgeting. Why is it significant?
6. Explain time value of money with the help of an example.
7. What are the different methods of evaluating capital expenditure
proposals?
8. What do you mean by Fund Flow Analysis? What are its advantages?
9. Explain Ratio analysis. What are the importance and limitations of ratio
analysis?
10. What do you mean by Financial Planning and Forecasting? Explain.
PIBM/ AFM207(B) Total Marks: 70
207(B) – ACCOUNTING FOR MANAGERS
1. What is Management Accounting? Explain.
2. What are the different Elements of Costs?
3. What is Absorption costing? Elaborate
4. What is Break Even Point? Give example.
5. Explain CVP Analysis
6. What is Ratio Analysis What its advantages and disadvantages?
7. What is Fund Flow Statement? Why is it important?
8. What do you mean by Financial Statement Analysis?
9. What is Budgeting? What are different types of budgets?
10. Define the following by giving suitable examples:
(a) Depreciation
(b) Inventory
PIBM/ MM208 Total Marks: 70
208 – MARKETING MANAGEMENT II
1. Explain Product Mix.

2. Explain Product Life Cycle (PLC).
3. Explain Marketing Mix.
4. Explain 4I’s of Services.
5. Explain Sales Promotion.
6. What are the different channels of distribution?
7. What Role Internet play today for Business World.
8. How a pricing decision is made for a product?
9. Why ethics is important in Marketing?
A. Personal Selling B) Publicity
PIBM/ MMII209(A) Total Marks: 70
209(A) – MANUFACTURING MANAGEMENT II
1. What is maintenance management? Explain the different causes of

breakdown.
2. What is preventive maintenance? Explain the different steps in preventive
maintenance.
3. What is quality? Explain the importance of quality management in the
organizations.
4. What is quality inspection? Explain the difference between sampling
inspection and 100 % inspection.
5. What is quality control? How is it different compared to quality assurance?
6. What is TQM? Explain different components of TQM.
7. What is 5S? Explain the application of 5s for any office.
8. What is aggregate planning? Explain different strategies of aggregate
planning.
9. What is PPC? Explain different compulsory functions of PPC.
10. What is forecasting? Explain different methods of forecasting.
PIBM/ MML209(B) Total Marks: 70
209(B) – MATERIALS MANAGEMENT AND LOGISTICS
1. What is materials management? Explain the importance of proper

materials management.
2. What is supply chain management? Explain the components of Supply
chain.
3. What is logistics? Explain the 3 flows in logistics.
4. What is purchasing? Explain the 5 R’s of purchasing.
5. What is MRP? Explain the steps in MRP.
6. What is ABC analysis? Explain the use of ABC analysis for selective
control of inventory.
7. What is EOQ? Explain the concept of EOQ for inventory management.
8. What is purchase cycle? Explain the components of purchase cycle.
9. What is importance of right vendor for materials management? Explain the
selection process for right vendor.
10. What is FSN analysis? Explain the difference of FSN analysis as against
HML analysis and VED analysis.
PIBM/ OR209 Total Marks: 70
209 – OPERATION RESEARCH
1. Explain Multiplication of Matrices.
2. Explain Addition of Matrices.
3. Explain the Inverse of a Matrix.
4. Explain Transportation Model.
5. Explain Assignment Model.
6. Explain Forecasting Models.
7. Explain Time Series Analysis.
8. Explain Simplex Method.
9. Find the value of x and y graphically.
3x + 4y = 7
5x – 2y = 3
10. How decision is made under risk and uncertainty?
ASSIGNMENTS FOR
TRIMESTER III
LIST OF SUBJECTS FOR TRIMESTER - III

COMMON SUBJECT
1 307(A) FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT II
2 309 OPERATION RESEARCH II
3 312 BUSINESS LAW
4 313 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
SPECIALIZATION
MARKETING
5 308(A) SALES MANAGEMENT KEY ACCOUNTS
6 308(B) PRODUCT AND BRAND MANAGEMENT
7 308(C) SERVICES MARKETING
8 308(D) INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION
9 308(E) CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR
SPECIALIZATION
FINANCE
10 307(B) BANKING AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
11 307(C) PROJECTS INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCE
12 307(D) SECURITY ANALYSIS AND PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT
13 307(E) MERCHANT BANKING AND FINANCIAL SERVICES
14 307(F) BANKING AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
SPECIALIZATION
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
15 306(A) SYSTEM ANALYSIS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
16 306(B) DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING TECHNOLOGIES
17 306(C) DESIGN AND EXECUTION OF IT
18 306(D) INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ENABLED SERVICES
19 306(E) SOFTWARE PROJECT AND PRODUCT MANAGEMENT
SPECIALIZATION
HUMAN
RESOURCE
20 303(A) LABOUR LOW
21 303(B) PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT
22 303(C) PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
23 303(D) TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT
24 303(E) ADMINISTRATION AND COMPLIANCE MANAGEMENT
COMMON
SUBJECTS

PIBM/ FMII307(A) Total Marks: 70
307(A) – FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT II
1. What is Working Capital Management?

2. Define Receivables Management.
3. Explain what Cash Management is?
4. What do you mean by Inventory Management?
5. Define Leasing. What are different types of lease?
6. What are Commercial Papers?
7. What do you mean by factoring? Explain with example.
8. What is cash budget? Explain with example.
9. What is ABC Analysis? Explain with an example.
10. What is Venture Capital? What is its nature and scope?

PIBM/ OR-II309 Total Marks: 70
309 – OPERATION RESEARCH II
1. Explain Sensitivity Analysis in linear programming.

2. Write essential features of Queuing theory.
3. Explain Single Server and Multi Server with respect to Queuing theory.
4. Explain the steps of simulation process.
5. How PERT problem is simulated.
6. Explain Decision Making under Uncertainty.
7. Explain Decision Making under Risk.
8. Explain Decision Making under Utility.
9. Explain Group Replacement theory.
10. Explain the following with reference to Game Theory:
1. Pure Strategies 2. Mixed Strategies

PIBM/ BL312 Total Marks: 70
312 – BUSINESS LAW
1. Define Free Consent. What is Fraud? State its essentials.

2. Explain:- “Agreements without consideration are void” State exceptions to
this rule.
3. Discuss discharge of contract by Supervening Impossibility or Subsequent
illegality.
4. Write a note on conditions and warranties.
5. Write a note on Digital Signatures. What are the functions of a digital
signature?
6. Brief Answer:-
a. What is novation?
a. Give 3 examples of invitations for offers.

b. What does a Digital Signature look like?
c. Quantum Merit literally means?
d. Strikes and lockouts do not discharge a contract.
7. Define contract and state essentials of a valid contract.
8. When is silence fraudulent? Explain with examples.

9. Discuss the various methods of discharge of contract by mutual
agreement.
10. Who is an Unpaid Seller? Discuss rights of an Unpaid Seller against
goods?
PIBM/ RM313 Total Marks: 70
313-RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1. Distinguish between Research Methods and Research

Methodology.
2. Explain the methods of probability sampling and non-probability
sampling.
3. Explain the various steps you would take in preparing a good
research report.
4. Write explanatory notes on any tow of the following:
a. Essentials of a good ‘Questionnaire’
2. Characteristics of a good hypothesis.

3. Use of computers in research.
4. Nominal ordinal, interval and ratio scale.
5. What is “Research”? What are the objective of research?
6. Explain the characteristics of a good research design.

7. What is a ‘Research Report’? Explain the important features of a
good research report.
8. Write explanatory notes on any two of the following:
a. Methods of collecting primary data.
a. Characteristics of a good hypothesis.

b. Attitude scales.
c. Usefulness of T-test and F-test
SPECIALIZATION
MARKETING
PIBM/ SMKA308(A) Total Marks: 70
308(A) –SALES MANAGEMENT KEY ACCOUNTS

1. Explain Characteristics of salesmanship.
2. What role Sales Management plays in Marketing Activities.
3. Explain Selling Cycle.
4. What techniques can be adopted for Sales Closing?
5. Explain Sales forecasting.
6. What are the different methods of forecasting?
7. How much important is sales training for new recruits?
8. How a sales performance can be evaluated?
9. Explain Sales budget and Sales Quota.
10. Explain Sales Audit.
PIBM/ P&BM308 (A) Total Marks: 70
308(B) –PRODUCT AND BRAND MANAGEMENT

1. Differentiate between Product and Brand.
2. Explain Brand Value and Brand Equity.
3. Explain Brand Positioning Strategies.
4. Explain PLC of Brands.
5. Explain S= P*D*AV.
6. Explain Brand Communication Strategies.
7. How Buyer Make Buy Decision.
8. Explain Brand Pricing Strategies.
9. What is future of Branding with respect to changing environment.
10. What do understand by the term Plastic Money? State is its importance in
today’s world.
PIBM/ SM308 (C) Total Marks: 70
308(C) –SERVICES MARKETING

1. Explain Characteristics of Services.

2. Explain 4I’s of Services.
3. How Segmentation is done in Services.
4. How Targeting is done in Services.
5. How Positioning is done in Services.
6. Explain 6 GAPS of Services Quality.
7. How Post Purchase Evaluation of customers is done?
8. What is Marketing Communication?
9. How complaint is handle in Service Industry?
10. What strategies can be adopted for closing the gaps of services?
PIBM/ IMC308(D) Total Marks: 70
308(D) –INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION

1. What are the elements of communication mix?

2. Explain “The IMC process model”.
3. Explain the following with their importance:
a. Advertising
b. Sales Promotion
c. Publicity
d. Media Relation
4. Explain AIDA model?
5. How segmentation & Targeting is done in case of communication

marketing. Explain?
6. How classification of media can be done for communication purpose &
why it is important?
7. For an apparel industry explain which media you will select for its
promotion & how it will benefit the industry?
8. If different media is chosen for the above purpose then what and why you
will give different weight age to it.
9. What is the importance of suppliers in IMC?
10. How can we evaluate for the success of our campaigns?
PIBM/ CB308(E) Total Marks: 70
308(E) – CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR

1. Differentiate between ‘Customer’ and ‘User’.

2. What are the different Models of Consumer decision making? Explain any
one.
3. What is Consumerism? Explain its effect.
4. Explain the ‘Buy Grid Model’.
5. What are buyers and sellers’ right?
6. What do you understand by Motives. Differentiate between positive and
negative motives.
7. Differentiate between rational and emotional motives.
8. What role culture plays on Consumer Behaviour?
9. Differentiate between Satisfaction and Deligtment.
10. Explain the Political Influence on Buying Behaviour.
9.
ASSIGNMENTS FOR
TRIMESTER IV
LIST OF SUBJECTS FOR TRIMESTER - IV

COMMON SUBJECT
1 402 STRATEGIC BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
2 406 E-COMMERCE
SPECIALIZATION
MARKETING
5 408(A) MARKETING RESEARCH
6 408(B) PRODUCT MANAGEMENT
7 408(C) BRAND MANAGEMENT
8 408(D) DISTRIBUTION AND RETAIL MANAGEMENT
9 408(E) INDUSTRIAL MARKETING
SPECIALIZATION
FINANCE
10 407(A) TAXATION I
11 407)B) RISK AND INSURANCE MANAGEMENT
12 407(C) DERIVATIVES MANAGEMENT
13 407(D) FINANCIAL MODELLING
14 407(D) FINANCIAL STOCK MARKET
SPECIALIZATION
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
15 406(A) ORACLE
16 406(B) CYBER LAWS
17 406(C) INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: INFRASTRUCTURE
MANAGEMENT
18 406(D) CRM FOR IT
19 406(E) INTERNET TECHNOLOGY
SPECIALIZATION
HUMAN
RESOURCE
20 403(A) INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
21 403(B) INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY
22 403(C) COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS
23 403(D) COMPETENCY FRAMEWORK,MAPPING AND APPLICATIONS
24 403(E) LABOUR LAW - II
COMMON
SUBJECTS
PIBM/ SMB402 Total Marks: 70
402 – STRATEGIC BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
1. What is the concept of strategy? Point out two limitations of the concept of
strategy.
2. Enumerate the major issues in strategic decision making.
i. Strategic intent
i. Mission
4. a) How can the technique of balanced sure card help in objective setting?
b) Why are critical success factors ‘critical’?

5. What is the concept of environment in strategic Management?
Mention some of the important characteristics of environment?
6. What is the rationale behind performing a SWOT analysis? What

information does an ETOP contain?
7. What are the four alternative corporate level strategies? Under

what conditions are firms motivated to adopt integration strategies?
8. Discuss why and how the Indian IT or Pharmaceuticals industry

hos grown to be world class industry.
9. What is meant by the term ‘Strategic groups’? What is the purpose

of doing a competitor analysis?
10. Discuss in brief the McKinsey’s TS model relating to strategic

management.
PIBM/ EC406 Total Marks: 70
406 – E-COMMERCE
1. Define E-Commerce. What are the advantages of E-commerce?

2. What are different E-Commerce business modules? Explain with
examples.
3. List and explain various E-Commerce revenue modules.
4. Explain in detail Business to Business module in E-Commerce.
5. What is M-Commerce? Explain with relevant examples.
6. What are the different methods of electronic payments? Explain.
7. What is Electronic data interchange (EDI)? Explain with example.
8. What are the different E-Commerce security mechanisms? Explain with
examples.
9. Explain proliferations of Internet Technology in various domains.
10. Explain use of E-Commerce in global environment.
SPECIALIZATION
MARKETING
PIBM/ MR408(A) Total Marks: 70
408 (A) – MARKETING RESEARCH
1. Why according to you ethics is important in Marketing Research?

2. What are the characteristics of good hypothesis?
3. Does Primary data is more preferable then secondary data? Justify your
Answer.
4. What are the various Qualitative research techniques?
5. What are the various methods of collecting samples?
6. Differentiate between exploratory & Conclusive research design?
7. Why analysis is Important in Marketing Research & what are the various
types of analysis used.
8. What is Marketing Intelligence System?
9. What are the characteristics of good hypothesis?
10. What are the various sources of collecting secondary data?
PIBM/ PM408(B) Total Marks: 70
408 (B) – PRODUCT MANAGEMENT
1. What is Plastic Money? Explain its Importance.

2. What are different Office Automation products. Explain their usage.
3. Explain the component of Product decisions.
4. Explain the Promotion Strategy for any Product.
5. What can be various Advertising Strategy for an consumer durable
product.
6. Explain PLC of any product.
7. Explain the Weakness of PLC concept.
8. Why Distribution Channels are important? Explain.
9. How a Business Analysis can be done.
10. Explain QFD and QFx concept.
PIBM/ BM408(C) Total Marks: 70
408 (C) – BRAND MANAGEMENT
1. Differentiate between Brand and Product.

2. How successful brands can be made? Illustrate.
3. Explain David Taylor’s Brand extension.
4. Explain Perceived Quality Score Method.
5. Explain Brand revitalization 6 repositioning strategies.
6. Explain Brand Pricing Strategies.
7. Explain the different types of brands with examples.
8. How a brand success can be judged?
9. Differentiate between local and global brands with examples.
10. How Advertising impacts brands.
PIBM/ D&RM408(D) Total Marks: 70
408 (D) – DISTRIBUTION AND RETAIL MANAGEMENT
1. What is Bucklin’s theory of service outputs.

2. What is distributor role in channel management.
3. Explain MLDSO & DSO channel with its advantages & disadvantages.
4. What is retail mix of supermarket?
5. Explain the concept of,
a. Hypermarket
a. Departmental store
6. What are the different categories of retailers?
7. Explain the calculation of ROI & concept of GMROI?

8. Explain the promotional & advertising strategy with respect to retail?
9. What is the importance of space management in retailing?
10. What are the characteristics of retailing customer with respect to following
types of retailing:
a. Food Retailing
a. Apparel Retailing
PIBM/ IM408(E) Total Marks: 70
408 (E) – INDUSTRIAL MARKETING
1. Explain B2B and B2C?

2. How can we classify Industrial Products?
3. Explain Business Marketing Vs Consumer Marketing?
4. Why there is more emphasis on Personal Selling in Business Marketing?
5. How can you perform Market Research for Industrial Products.
6. What are the Channel Intermediaries in IM?
7. How can you do brand promotion in Industrial Products?
8. Take one product from Industrial Sector and one from FMCG and
differentiate between hem?
9. How can we segment the Industrial Market?
10. Explain the Importance of “Service” in Industrial Marketing and What role
CRM plays for this Industry?
ASSIGNMENTS FOR
TRIMESTER V
LIST OF SUBJECTS FOR TRIMESTER - V

Sr.No Subject Subject
Code
COMMON SUBJECT
1 501 CHANGE MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP
2 514 ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
SPECIALIZATION
MARKETING
5 508(A) RURAL MARKETING
6 508(B) STRATEGIC MARKETING MANAGEMENT
7 508(C) MULTI LEVEL MARKETING
8 508(D) MARKETING OPERATIONS
9 508(E) PROJECT MANAGEMENT
SPECIALIZATION
FINANCE
10 507(A) TAXATION - II
11 507(B) STRATEGIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT
12 507(C) DEBT MARKET MANAGEMET
13 507(D) STRATEGIC COST MANAGEMET
14 507(E) FOREIGN EXCHANGE MANAGEMET
SPECIALIZATION
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
15 506(A) IT STRATEGIC MANAGEMET
16 506(B) SOFTWARE PRODUCT AND QUALITY MANAGEMET
17 506(C) INFORMATION SECURITY IN BUSINESS
18 506(D) INFORMATION SYSTEM AUDIT
19 506(E) IT AND TELECOM MANAGEMENT
SPECIALIZATION
HUMAN
RESOURCE
20 503(A) HR PLANNING ACQUISITION AND DEPLOYING
21 503(B) ORGANIZATION DESIGN AND STRUCTURE
22 503(C) ORGANIZATION DIAGNOSIS AND DEVELOPMENT
23 503(D) HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM (HRIS)
24 503(E) STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
COMMON
SUBJECTS

PIBM/ CML501 Total Marks: 70
501 – CHANGE MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP

1. Discuss the different stages of change in an organization.

2. Write short notes on :-
a. Dramatic Change b)Organic Change
3. How can one ensure clear communication of the change vision? Why
short term is wins important?
4. What is the role of founders in the formation of organizational culture?
What is the need to change culture?
5. What are the roles of :
a. CEOS as change agents. b) HR personnel as change agents?
6. Discuss in brief the Industry Best Practices in leadership Development.

7. What skill do 21st century Leaders require? How do you build a Leadership
Resume?
8. Write short notes on :-
a. Congnitivism b)Transformative Learning.
9. “Leadership Development Approaches have become static” – Discuss.

10. To establish yourself as a first line leader, how will you deal with
subordinates and the boss?
PIBM/ EDP514 Total Marks: 70
514 – ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND PROJECT

MANAGEMENT
1. Define entrepreneur. What are the characteristics of entrepreneur

leadership?
2. Discuss briefly the following statements:-
a. “Entrepreneurs are dreamers as well as risk bearers”
a. “Entrepreneurs qualities are in-born and cannot be easily acquired”
3. Give a brief review of entrepreneurial growth in India.
4. Discuss the nature of socialism. How does it promote private

entrepreneurship
5. i) Distinguish between entrepreneurship and entrepreneur.
ii) What is intra-preneurship?
6. What is international environment? How does it affect entrepreneurial

activities?
7. What is project management? Explain its components.
8. What is project identification? Briefly describe the steps involved in the
identification of a project.
9. Explain the objectives of project appraisal. Distinguish between project
appraisal and project evaluation.
10. What is project Design? Discuss the different techniques of project
design.
SPECIALIZATION
MARKETING
PIBM/ RM508(A) Total Marks: 70

508(A) – RURAL MARKETING
1. Explain Rural Consumer Behaviour.

2. Explain the concept of Rural Marketing Information System.
3. How rural markets can selected and attracted?
4. What strategies can be followed for Rural Marketing?
5. Explain the channel selection concept in Rural Marketing.
6. Explain the concept of eChoupals in India.
7. What are different Rural Models for Marketing?
8. How a Rural Market Research can be conducted?
9. Explain the Guidelines for segmentation of Rural Markets.
10. Explain the Targeting strategy for Rural Markets.
PIBM/ SMM508(B) Total Marks: 70

508(B) – STRATEGIC MARKETING MANAGEMENT
1. Differentiate between Marketing Planning and Corporate Planning.

2. How can we assess the Value and Validity of data.
3. What is PEST? Explain its usage.
4. Explain how Customer Analysis can be done.
5. Explain Why Financial Analysis of the companies are Important.
6. What role SWOT Analysis plays for the progress of company.
7. Explain Ansoff Model.
8. Explain Porter generic Strategies.
9. Write Short notes on Segmentation and Positioning Strategies.
10. Explain the structure of Marketing Plan.
PIBM/ MLM508(C) Total Marks: 70

508(C) – MULTI LEVEL MARKETING
1. Explain the relationship between Multi level Marketing and Network

Marketing.
2. What are the available MLM opportunity as a business in India?
3. Differentiate between Hierarchical Networks and Scale-free networks.
4. Explain
a. Social Networks b) Scale-free Network
5. Explain
1. Seller Assisted Marketing 2) Consumer Direct Marketing
6. Explain Recruitment structure of MLM.

7. Explain Compensation structure of MLM.
8. What growth strategies can be followed in MLM structure.
9. How control can be implemented in MLM structure.
10. Explain Snowball / Pyramid system.
PIBM/ MO508(D) Total Marks: 70

508(D) – MARKETING OPERATIONS
1. Explain 4 C’s of Customer satisfaction.

2. Explain Market Positioning.
3. Explain SMART with respect to Customer.
4. Explain SWOT analysis.
5. Explain PEST analysis.
6. Explain Brands and Branding.
7. How Customers can be managed for profit.
8. Explain Marketing Channels.
9. How health of the organization can be evaluated.
10. Explain Marketplace by taking a example.
PIBM/ PM508(E) Total Marks: 70

508(E) – PROJECT MANAGEMENT
1. Explain the concept of Market with reference to Indian context.

2. Write Characteristics of Indian Market.
3. What role Targeting plays in Project Management?
4. What role Positioning plays in Project Management?
5. Explain the role of Demography for segmentation.
6. What role Promotion Mix plays for profiling right audience.
7. Differentiate between Income Builder and Investment Builder with
reference to Real Estate Sector.
8. What are the different Conventional Marketing Channels?
9. Explain the concept of retailer mix for the project outcomes.
10. Why promotional campaigns is done for target audience?

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LIST OF SUBJECTS FOR TRIMESTER - I

Sr.No Subject Code Subject

3 103 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

5 106 IT SKILLS AND COMPUTER BASICS

Solve any 7 out of 10 questions.

Each question carries 10 marks.

1. Define Managerial Economics. What is the significance of managerial

Managerial economics (sometimes referred to as business economics), is a branch of

At universities, the subject is taught primarily to advanced undergrads. It is approached

Elasticity is one of the most important concepts in neoclassical economic theory. It is

In empirical work an elasticity is the estimated coefficient in a linear regression equation

Monopolies can form naturally or through vertical or horizontal mergers. A monopoly is

In many jurisdictions, competition laws place specific restrictions on monopolies.

The total cost of producing all output. It is calculated by

- Rent £1000 per week

Fixed costs are 1000 + 1000 + 500 = £2,500

Variable costs are (100 * 10) + ( 50 * 10) + (100 *10 ) = £2,500

Total costs are £2,500 + £2,500 = £5,000

9. What do you mean by Price discrimination? Elaborate.

Pune Institute of Business Management, Pune

102 – PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES OF MANAGEMENT

Solve any 7 out of 10 questions.

Each question carries 10 marks.

1. What do understand by “Business Objective”? Explain.

The most effective business objectives meet the following criteria:

A - Agreed by all those concerned in trying to achieve the objective.

The main objectives that a business might have are:

Alternative Aims and Objectives

Examples of other objectives:

2. Explain the concept of Corporate Governance

Corporate governance is a multi-faceted subject.[1] An important theme of corporate

3. Explain the nature and purpose of Corporate Governance.

Pune Institute of Business Management, Pune

103 – HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Solve any 7 out of 10 questions.

Each question carries 10 marks.

1. Define HRM outline its objectives and features.

6. Describe the various steps involved in conducting a training human

7. Briefly outline the steps involved in conducting a training program in a

Pune Institute of Business Management, Pune

105 – BUSINESS STATISTICS AND MATHEMATICS

Each question carries 10 marks.

1. What is a Normal Distribution Curve? What are its applications?

2. Explain Correlation. What are its various types?

3. What is a binomial distribution?

4. Define the following:

5. What are the types of errors?

6. What are t-tests? Explain.

7. What do you mean by ANOVA?

8. What is Chi Square test?

10. What is regression?

Pune Institute of Business Management, Pune

106 – IT SKILLS AND COMPUTER BASICS

Solve any 7 out of 10 questions.

1. Explain the block diagram of computer.

Pune Institute of Business Management, Pune

107 – ACCOUNTING FOR MANAGERS

Solve any 7 out of 10 questions.

Each question carries 10 marks

5. Define cost accounting. What are the different types of costs?

6. What are the current developments in accounting? Explain.