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Bhn¿`mhw: hm-b-\-°m-cp-sS- kw-hm-Zw- 4
hn-ip≤- ]m-X
Izp¿B\n\v ˛A-_q-A-ao≥ 6
]-{Xm-[-n-]¿-°v- ]-d-bm-\p-≈-Xv- 7
sX‰p]‰nbn´n√! IpSpw_w: CkvemanI `qanIbn¬
˛A_q lw\ ImcØq¿ 21
˛Fw.Fw AIv_¿
\ncoizchmZØnse a\x-imkv{X {]iv\߃
˛F≥. Fw. lpssk≥ 31
Iq-Sn-°m-gv-N 42
Ckvemans\ ]p\¿hmbn°p∂htcmSv..
˛aplvkn≥ sFZoZv, s]m∂m\n 44
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hm-b-\-°m-cp-sS-
kw-hm-Zw-
Ifnse s]´nt°mfßfnte°v "]m¿izh-
¬Icn°m≥' ImWn® hy{KX {it≤b-
ambncp-∂p. tZiobXbpw h¿KobXbpw
XΩnep≈ AXn¿hcºpIƒ t\¿Øp-
hcp∂Xv atXXc s]mXpkalØns‚
Pm{KXbmhiys∏Sp∂p≠v. teJI\pw
kvt\lkwhmZØn\pw A`n\µ\߃.
k¿h-i-‡≥ F√m-hn[ A\p-{K-l-ß-
fpw \¬Is´ F∂p {]m¿Yn-°p-∂p.
A_vZp¬ l°ow. Fw, ]nemØd
hna¿in°m≥
\n߃s°¥hImiw?
lnµpXz `oIcX: ho≠pw i‡n-{]m-]n-°m≥ {ian-°p-Ib
- m-
GsXmcp aX-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°bpw
teJ\w AhktcmNnXambn Wp-≠m-b-Xv.
AXn≥{]-Imcw Pohn-°bpw sNøp-∂-
1925¬ saUn-°¬ _ncp-Z-[m-cn-bmb \mYpdmw hn\m-bIv tKmUvsk RSS h¿°v AXv {]N-cn-∏n-°m≥ C¥y-bn¬
tUm. tIihv _endmw slUvK-hm¿ {]h¿Ø- I - ≥ A- s √∂pw, lnµp Ah-Im-i-ap-≠v. F∂m¬ AXv \n¿_-
alm-cm-jv{S-bnse ]qs\-bn¬ ÿm]n® almk`°v kwLhpambn bmsXmcp ‘-Øm-tem, A{I-a-Øm-tem, a‰p \oXn-
cmjv{Sob kzbw tkhI kwLØn‚ _‘-hp-an-s√∂pw Bbn-cp∂p I]q¿ b-√mØ am¿Kß-fn-eq-sStbm BIm≥
I]SapJw hen®p Iodp∂ A¬Øm^v IΩo-js‚ hmZw. IΩo-j≥ dnt∏m-¿-´n- ]mSn-√. AXp-t]mse a‰p aX-ß-sfbpw
AΩm-´n-°p-∂ns‚ ""B¿.F-kv.F - kv `oI- se hkvXpXmhncp≤amb ]cma¿i-ßfp- Ah- c psS {]am- W - ß - s fbpw hnip≤
c-Xb
- psS t\¿Im-gvNI
- ƒ'' (G{]n¬ 2011) sS ad]nSn®v Km‘n-h-[-Øns‚ [m¿an- {KŸ-sØbpw Bcm-[y-s\bpw hna¿-
F∂ teJ\w RSS ]mf-b-Øn¬ N¿®m- tIm-Øc - hmZnØØn¬ \n∂v \n∂v Xe- in®pw Ah-tl-fn®pwsIm≠pw Bbn-cn-
b-m-Ip-sa∂v {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p. kz¥w bq-cnb RSS, apwss_ ATSs‚ shfn-s∏Sp- °-cp-Xv. as‰m-cmsf Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw
_p≤n RSS imJ-I-fnepw I]Sk\ym-kn- -ØepItfmSv Fßs\bmWv {]Xn-I- hna¿in-°pIbpw sNøp-tºmƒ, AXp
am¿°p ap∂nepw ]W-b-s∏-Sp-ØmsX cn°pI F∂v ImØncp∂v ImtW≠n h- Xncn-®m-sW-¶n¬ F¥mWv {]Xn-I-c-W-
CØcw tZi-hn-cp≤ i‡n-If - n¬ \n∂pw cpw. sa∂p Nn¥n-®n-´p-thWw a‰p-≈-hsc
F¥p-sIm≠v bYm¿Y lnµp-aXhnizm- kam-[m\w F∂¿Yw hcp∂ Ckvem- hna¿in-°m≥. AX√; kzbw ⁄m\n-
kn-Iƒ AI¬® ]men-°p-∂p-sh∂v a\- an\pw kam[m\Imw£nIfmb _lp- bmbn tXm∂n, _p≤n-sIm≠v Fs¥-¶n-
n-em-°p-hm\pw Hcp \njv]£ hmb-\- `qcn]£w apkvenwIƒ°pw, hy‡n-]- ep-sams° a\- n-em-°n a‰p ]n≥_ew-
°m-c\v Cu teJ-\Ø - n-eqsS km[n-°pw. ch- p w cmjv { So- b hp- a mb Xm¬]- c y- sIm≠pw anSp-°-\m-Im≥ t\m°n-bm¬
C¥y≥ `c-W-IqSw aq∂p XhW ߃°p-th≠n temI-Øns‚ Nne `mK- AXp shdpw t`mj-Ø-am-Wv. Xm¶ƒ
\ntcm-[n® Hcp kwL-S-\-bmWv RSS. ßfn¬ GXm\pw apkvenw \ma-[m-cn-Iƒ hniz- k n- ° p∂ aXw {]N- c n- ∏ n- ° p- I ;
CXn-sem∂v 1948¬ \mYpdmw hn\m-bIv \SØp∂ CkvemanIhncp≤amb `oIc- tbip-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿ tbip-
tKmUvsk F∂ lnµp-almk`-bpsS {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS t]cn¬, `oIcX- hns‚ kphn-tijw {]N-cn-∏n-°pw. AX-
kPoh {]h¿Ø-I≥ C¥y≥ cmjv{S bpsS ]cnthjw Nm¿Øns°mSp°m≥ √msX a‰p aX-{K-Ÿ-ß-sfbpw Bcm[y-
]nXm-hmb almflm Km‘n-sb s\©n- a’cn®ncp∂ C≥Uy≥ _nKv aoUnb s\bpw hna¿in-°m\pw AXp {]N-cn-∏n-
te°v \nd-sbm-gn-®v sIme-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- Ct∏mƒ A¶em∏nemWv. ""F√m °m\pw \n߃°v Ah-Im-i-an-√. AXv
t∏m-gm-Wv. Cu kw`-hsØ XpS¿∂v apkvenw-Ifpw `oI-c-c-√, F∂m¬ F√m `c-W-L-S-\m-ew-L-\hpw Al-¶m-c-Øn-
i‡- a mb {]Xn- k - ‘ n- b n- e mb RSS `oI-ccpw apkvenw-I-fmWv'' F∂v ]mSn s‚ {]Xn-Om-b-bp-am-Wv. Jpdm≥ hnip≤
Km‘n-h[- s
- Ø-Ip-dn®v At\z-jn® I]q¿ \S∂h¿°v Ct∏mƒ \mhnd-ßnt∏m- ss__n-fnse ]g-b-˛-]p-Xnb \nb-a-ß-
IΩo- j ≥ dnt]m´ns\ Iq´p- ] n- S n- ® p- bncn°p∂p. aebmfØnse "tZiob' fn¬\n∂pw ]I¿Øn-bX - m-sW∂pw apl-
sIm≠v Hcp kwL-S-\-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ Zn\]{Xw lnµpXz`oIcXsb Dƒt]Pp- ΩZv \_n-bpsS Poh-N-cn-{Xhpw Ckvemw-
2011 sabv 4
a-X-Øns‚ Bcw-`hpw hf¿®bpw Ncn- ta Nn¥-bn¬ hcn-I-bp-≈q. Ibpw sNøp∂ {]hm-N-I-∑mcpw hnip-
{X-]-c-ambn FgpXn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®m¬ ssZh-cq-]-Øn¬ kr„n-°-s∏´ a\p- ≤-∑mcpw C∂p-ap-≠v. F∂m¬ Ahsc
\nß-fpsS {]Xn-Ic - Ww F¥m-bn-cn-°pw? jy≥ A\p-k-c-W-t°-Sn-\m¬ ]m]n-bm- Bcpw Bcm-[n-°t- bm, Ah-cn-eqsS c£-
C„-an-√m-ØXp tIƒ°p-tºmƒ hSnbpw b-t∏mƒ, hnip-≤-\mb ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ t\-Sm≥ Ign-bp-sa∂p ]d-bp-I-tbm, t\c-
hmfpw t_mw_pw FSpØp {]Xn-Ic - n-°p- kJnXzw \„-am-bn. ssZhsØ hn´p- sØ-bp-≈-sXm∂pw ]q¿W-a-√m-Ø-Xn-
∂ \n߃°p {InkvXp-hn-s\bpw ss_- t]mb ]m]n-bmb a\p-jys\ ho≠pw- \m¬ Ch-scbpw Ch-cpsS ]pkvX-I-
_n-fn-s\bpw hna¿in-°m≥ F¥-[n-Im- ssZ-h-Øn-¶-te°p sIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ sØbpw AwKo-I-cn-°-W-sa∂p ]Tn-∏n-
cw? AXp ssZh-kz-`m-h-amtWm? tbip ssZhw hnhn[ ]≤- X n- I ƒ Hcp- ° n. °- b pw, A\p- k - c n- ® n- s √- ¶ n¬ B{I-
tZhw Bb-Xp-sIm≠v ssZh-Z-Ø-amb F∂m¬ AXn-eq-sS-sbm∂pw ]q¿W- aWkz`mhw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-
kz`m-h-amWv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXpw ]Tn- ambn ]m]-ap‡n {]m]n®v ssZh-tØmSv ∂n-√. ImcWw; tbip am{X-ta-bp≈q
∏n-®-Xpw. lnµp-°-fpsS {KŸ-ß-sfbpw ASp-Øp-hc - p-hm≥ a\p-jy\p Ign-™n-√. c£n-Xm-hv, tbip am{X-ta-bp≈q ssZhw.
apºpw Ct∏m-gpw- D≈ tZho-tZ-h-∑m- Ah-km-\a - m-bn, ssZhw a\p-jys\ F{]- AXn- \ m¬ hy¿Y- I m- c y- ß sf hn´v ,
scbpw hna¿in-®m¬ XnIvX^ew A\p- Imcw kr„n-®p-thm, AtX a\p-jym-h- ssZhw X∂ Bbp-kn¬ kXyw a\-kn-
`-hn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. Xm-c-sa-SpØv `qan-bn¬ PmX-\m-bn. ]cn- em-°n, \nXy-Po-hs\ Ah-Im-i-am-°m≥
AXn-\m¬ tbiphns\bpw hn. ss_- ip-≤m-flm-hn-\mepw ssZh-h-N-\-Ømepw {ian°pI. AXn-\m-bn Rm\pw {]m¿Yn-
_n-fn-s\bpw Ah-tl-fn-°p-∂Xpw Xcw- I\y-I-bn-eqsS P\n® tbip hnip≤ °mw. tbip-hn≥ ho≠pw hchv Xma-kn-
Xm-gvØp-∂Xpw henb B]-Øm-bn-cn- {]P-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Xm≥ ]m]n-b-√. ®m¬ Xm¶ƒ Hcp {InkvXp-km-£n-bmbn
°pw. {InkvXphntcm-[n-bmbn Fgp-t∂‰p IS-°m-c-\mb Hcp-h\v as‰m-cp-hs‚ ISw \n¬°p-∂Xv Rm\pw ImWpw.
]eXpw sNøm-sa∂p hymtam-ln® blq- ho´m≥ Ign-bn-√. AXp-t]mse ]m]n- kXymt\zjI≥
Z\pw ⁄m\nbpw t{ijvT-\p-am-bn-cp∂p bmbn P\n-®v, Pohn-®v, {]h¿Øn® Hcp-
]utem-kv. F∂m¬ {InkvXp-hn-\m¬ h\v as‰m-cp-hs‚ ]m]-c-£-I\m-bn-Øo-
]nSn-°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ tbip ssZh-]p-{X-\m- ln]vt\m´nÃpIsf
cm≥ km[y-a-√. F∂m¬ hnip≤ {]P-
sW∂p AXn-i-‡n-tbmsS {]Jym-]n-®v, IcpXnbncn°pI
bmb tbip ]m]-an-√m-Ø-h-\-I-bm¬,
a‰p- ≈ - h - t cmSv X¿°n- ® v , At\- I sc ]m]n-I-fmb kIe a\p-jy-scbpw c£n- ln]v t \m´nkØns‚ bmYm¿Yy-
{InkvXpinjy-cm-°n, {]Xym-i-tbmsS °m≥ {]m]vX-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ bmK-a- ßsf kz¥w A\p`hßfpsS shfn-
c‡-km-£n-bmbn hoc-arXyp {]m]n®v, c-WØ- n-eqsS GsXm-cp-h\pw ]m]-ap‡n ®Øn¬ hniZoIcn® l°ow FScn-
{Inkv X p- i n- j y- c n¬ A{K- K - W y- \ mbn t\Sn hnip-≤-\mb ssZh-Øn-¶-te°p t°mSns‚ teJ\w Dƒ°nSnetØm-
amdn. AXn-\m¬ H∂p-In¬ \n߃ Hcp hcp-hm≥ Hcp hgn-bm-bn-cp∂p tbip. sSbmWv hmbn®pXo¿ØXv. A‘hnizm-
{InkvXp-in-jy-\mbn tbip ssZh-]p-{X- {]mb-›nØ ac-W-am-bn-Øo¿∂ tbip kßsf s]mfn°m\pw imkv{XobX°v
\m-sW∂p {]tLm-jn-°p∂ Hcm-fm-bn- aq∂mw\mƒ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-‰-Xv, tbip ASnØd ]mIm\pw Iq´p]nSn°p∂
Øo-cpw; As√-¶n¬ ]nim-Nns‚ GP- ssZh-am-sW-∂p≈ kXyw temIsØ a\ximkv{X imJbmWv ln]vt\m´nkw
‚mbn Pohn®v \c-I-Øn\v Cc-bm-Ipw. hnfn-®-dn-bn-°m-\m-bn-cp-∂p. CXp-t]mse F∂Xn¬ Ihn™v bmsXmcp A`uXn-
ssZhZqjWw ]d-bp∂ \nßsf ssZhw P\n-°-bpw, acn-°-bpw, Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂- IXbpw A°mcyØn¬ Z¿in®n´n√mbn-
H∂p sXm´m¬ GX-h-ÿ-bn¬ BIp- °-bpw, ho≠pw hcp-sa∂p {]Jym-]n- cp∂p C{Xhsc. F∂m¬ a\ ns\ hn-
sa∂v B¿°pw ]d- b m≥ km[y- a - √ . °bpw sNbvX as‰mcp Bcm-[y\pw `qan- I-kn∏n°p∂Xn\∏pdw ss]imNn-Ia
- mb
AXn-\m¬ shdpsX ssZh-in£ G‰p- bn¬ C√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ tbip -am-{X-amWv {]h¿Ø\ßfmWv Chbn-se√mw A-¥-
hm-ßmsX bmYm¿Yyw a\- n-em-°p-I. ]m]n-Isf c£n-∏m\pw \nXy-Po-hs\ ¿eo\ambncn°p∂sX∂ hkvXpX ln-
hn.ss_-_n-fnse hmIy-ßsf GXp Xcp-hm\pw Ign-hp≈ ssZhw. ]m]n-bmb ]v-t\m´nÃpIsf Ipdn®p≈ [mcWsb
kz`m-h-°mcpw Fß-s\bpw hymJym-\n- a\p-jy\v hnip-≤-\mb ssZh-Øn-¶-te- XncpØm≥ klmbIambn. kXyØn¬
°p-∂p-≠v. ]cn-ip-≤mfl \ntbm-KØ - m¬ °v aS-ßn-h-cm-\p≈ Ah-km\ ]≤-Xn- I]S BflobXbpsS h‡m°fn¬ {]-
Fgp-X-s∏´ {KŸ-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn- bm-bn-cp∂p ssZh-]p-{X-\mb tbip-hns‚ Ya ÿm\Øv \n¬ °m≥ tbmKycmWv
°p∂ ssZhn-I-a¿-aw a\- n-em-I-W-sa- {Iqip-a-c-Ww. AXpIgn™v bm-sXmcp Ah¿ F∂XmWv CXn¬ \n∂v a\- n-
¶n¬ Hcp a\p-jys‚ lrZ-b-IÆv (Dƒ- hyh-ÿbpw ssZhw h®n-´n-√. AXn- emIp∂Xv. km[mc-W°msc h©n°p-
Imgv N ) ssZhw {]Im- i n- ∏ n- s ®- ¶ n¬ \m¬ tbip-hn-eqsS A√msX Hcp-h\v ∂ CØc°msc ]pdØv sIm≠p-h-cm-
am{Xsa km[n-°q. AX-√msX _p≤n- ]m]- a p‡n {]m]n- ° m- t \m, ssZh- k - \p≈ kwLSnX apt∂‰ßƒ°v aX
sIm≠pw hnZy- sIm≠pw Fs¥-¶nepw JnXzw A\p-`-hn-°m-t\m, kz¿K-cm-Py- kw-LS\Iƒ Xøm-dmIpIbmWv C\n
{Kln-®m¬ AXp icn-bm-In-√. t\mh¬ Øn¬ FØp-hmt\m Ign-bn-√. th≠Xv.
hmbn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse ss__nƒ hmbn- `‡n- t bmsS Pohn- ° bpw ssZh- jcoPv il_m≥,
®m¬, am\p-jnI_p≤n-bn¬ Dƒs°m- Øn¬\n∂pw Acp-f-∏mSp {]m]n-°bpw s\√n°m]dºv
≈p∂ A_-≤hpw euIn-I-Xbpw am{X- AXp P\sØ Adn-bn-°bpw Fgp-Xp-
2011 sabv 5
\mw _m[y-X-I-fp≈h¿; ad-°m-Xn-cn-°pI
A-_q-A-ao≥-
2011 sabv 7
Sp ssN¬Uv Unkn-πn≥ F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ A]-{K-Yn-°p-∂p≠v. "GsXmcp s]cp-am-‰-
Øn-\p-]n-∂nepw Hcp Imc-W-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p'sa∂ dqtUm-ƒ^v {Uo°q¿kns‚ XØz-
Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ s]cp-am-‰ Zqjy-߃°p-≈ Imc-W-ß-fmbn Ah¿ Nq≠n-°m-
Wn-°-p-∂Xv, {i≤n-∏n°p-I, A[n-Imcw t\Sp-I, {]Xn-Imcw sNøp-I, tXm¬°mX-n-cn-
°p-I XpS-ßn-bh - b
- mWv. Iuam-cØ - n-ep≈ s]cp-am-‰Z- q-jy-߃°p≈ Cu Imc-Wßsf
I-s≠Øn ^e-{]-Z-ambn t\cn-SmsX Ahsb krjvSn-]-c-ambn C√m-Xm-°m-\m-hp-I-
bn-s√-∂-XmWv Ah¿ Xß-fpsS ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ka¿Yn-°p-∂-Xv.
s]cp-am‰Zqjy-ß-fpsS {][m-\-s∏´ {]tNm-ZIw X∂n-te°v a‰p-≈-hsc {i≤n-
∏n-°p-I-bmWv. BsI-bp≈ s]cp-am‰Zqjy-{]-iv\-ß-sf-Sp-Øm¬ Ah-bn¬ 90 iX-am-
\-hp-ap-≠m-hp-∂Xv {i≤n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bm-sW-∂mWv ]T-\-߃ ImWn-°p-∂-
Xv. "AwKo-Imcw' a\p-jys‚ ASn-ÿm\ XrjvW-I-fn-sem-∂mWv. `£-W-sØbpw
sh≈-sØbpw ssewKn-I-X-sbbpw t]mse-bp≈ Hcp ASn-ÿm\ tNm-Z-\-. AwKo-I-
cn-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ XrjvWsb hni-∏n-t\m-SmWv a\ximkv{X-⁄-∑m¿ D]-an-°mdp-
≈-Xv. Recognition hunger F∂mWv ]d-bp-I. hni∂v he-™-h\v `£Ww e`n-t®-
Xo-cq. \√ `£-W-amWv Ahs‚ ico-chpw a\ pw Imw£n-°p-∂-Xv. \√ -`-£Ww
In´n-bn-s√-¶ntem? In´nb `£-Ww-sIm≠v Ah≥ hni-∏-S°pw. as‰m∂pw In´n-bn-s√-
¶n¬ ]∂n-amwkw A\p-hZ- \ - o-ba
- m-Ip-sa∂ I¿a-im-kv{Xhn-[n-bp-≠m-hp-∂X - ns‚ ]›m-
Ø-e-an-Xm-Wv. shdp-°-s∏-´-Xm-sW-¶nepw AXv Xn∂n-s´-¶nepw Ah\v hni-∏-S-°ntb
Xocq. \√ `£-W-w In-´m-Ø-h\v F√m-h¿°pw shdp∏v tXm∂p∂ `£Ww Bkzm-
Zy-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw. AX-hs‚ hni-∏ns\ ian-∏n-°p-sa-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wn-Xv. CtX-
t]mseØ-s∂-bmWv AwKo-Im-c-Øn-\p-th≠n hni-°p-∂-h-s‚bpw Ahÿ. \√ -co-
Xn-bn¬ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-S-W-sa-∂-m-W-hs‚ B{K-lw. AXv e`n-t°-≠-h-cn¬ \n∂v
e`n-t°≠ cq]-Øn¬ e`n-°msX hcp-tºmƒ AXv e`n-°p∂ a‰p-am¿K-߃ tXSm≥
Ah≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-\m-hpw. NoØ -Iq-´p-sI-´p-I-fn¬ sN∂p-s]-Sp-∂Xpw sX‰mb
{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-te°v BI¿jn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-sa√mw CXns‚ ^e-am-bn-´m-Wv. amXm-
]n-Xm-°fpw A[ym-]-Icpw Nßm-Xn-amcpsa√mw "\√ AwKo-Imcw' \¬Ip-∂-Xn¬ ]cm-
P-b-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Ah≥ "NoØ AwKo-Imcw' t\Sm≥ kzbw am¿K-߃ Is≠-Øp-
∂p.- CXmWv Iuam-c-{]m-b-Ønse s]cp-am‰ Zqjy-߃°p≈ {][m-\-s∏´ Imc-Ww.
a°sf ]Tn-∏n-t°-≠-sX-ß-s\-bm-sW∂v hfsc IrXy-ambn ]Tn-∏n-®-bm-fmWv
A¥n-a- {]-hm-N-I≥ . t]c-a-°-fmb lk-s\-bpw lpssk-t\-bpw tXmfn¬ I-
b-‰n, "Rm\n-hsc- kvt\ln-°p-∂p-'sh∂v kzlm-_n-am-cp-sS apºn¬ {]Jym-]n-°p-
Ibpw a‰p-≈-h-cpsS apºn¬sh®v Ahsc Npw_n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ apl-ΩZv \_n
sN-dnb {]mbw- ap-Xte a°ƒ°v \¬tI≠ AwKo-Imcw Fß-s\-bm-h-W-sa∂v
hy‡-ambn ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ib - mWv sNøp-∂X - v. \a-kvIm-cØ
- n¬ kpPq-Zn-em-bn-cn-°p∂ ka-
bØv Xs‚ ]pd-Øp-I-b-dnb t]c-°n-Sm-hns\ X´n-bn´v {]bm-k-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ hnk-Ω-
Xn® apl-ΩZv \_n bpsS Ncy Ip´n-IfpsS a\- n¬ aX-sØbpw BNm-c-ß-sfbpw
Fß-s\-bmWv \´p-h-f¿tØ≠sX∂v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp∂p; kIm-Øns‚ Imc-°-
bn¬ \n∂v Hsc-Æ-sa-SpØv `£n-°m-s\m-cp-sº-´-t∏mƒ t]c-a-Is\ AXn¬ \n∂v
XS-bp-Ibpw imkn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX apl-ΩZv \_n bpsS sNbvXn-bn¬ Fß-s\-
bm-bn-cn-°Ww a°sf A®-S°w ]Tn-∏n-t°-≠-sX-∂-Xn\v amXr-I-bp-≠v. Cu amXr-I-
bpƒsIm-≈m≥ \Ωƒ k∂-≤ambn--s√-¶n¬ \mw t]m‰n-h-f¿Øp∂ a°ƒ \msf
kmaqlyhncp-≤cpw A[m¿an-Icpambn amdntb-°pw. ChnsS sh®v Xs∂ Ah¿ \ΩpsS
i{Xp-°-fm-bn-Øocpw, ]c-tem-IØv \ap-s°-Xnsc km£yw ]d-bp∂ kºq¿W i{Xp-
°-fmbn Ah¿ amdp-Ibpw sNøpw.
Ip´n-Isf ]cn-K-Wn-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS Ign-hp-Isf hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-Ibpw
AtXm-sSm∏w Ah-cn¬ [m¿an-I-t_m[w hf¿Øp-I-bpw Ah-cnse am\-hn-I-Xsb D-
tØ-Pn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ kml-N-cy-sam-cp-t°-≠Xv c£n-Xm-°-fpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-
Ø-am-Wv. ho´n¬ AXn-\p≈ kml-Nc - y-ap-≠m-hW- w; hnZym-eb
- ß
- f
- nepw AØcw A¥-
co-£-am-Wp-≠m-th-≠-Xv. kvIqƒ Hgn-hp-Im-eØv a°ƒ°p-th-≠n-bp≈ ]T-\-˛-]-cn-io-
e\˛Bkzm-Z-\-°-f-cn-Iƒ sXc-s™-Sp-°p-tºmgpw ]pXnb kvIqfpIfn¬ Ip´nIsf
tN¿Øptºmgpw {][m-\-ambpw CXmWv ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xv. A√mlp A\p-{K-
ln-°s´, Bao≥.
2011 sabv 8
_oPØns‚
Bhn¿`mhw:
Izp¿B\n\v
sX‰p]‰nbn´n√!
Fw.Fw AIv_¿ ■-
kqdØp Xzmcn-Jnse A©p apX¬ Ggp-hs - c-bp≈ hN-\ß - f - psS shfn-®Ø - n¬,
{Ko°v sshZy-\m-bn-cp∂ lnt∏m-{Im-‰kns‚ {`qW imkv{X Nn¥-Isf tIm∏n-b-Sn-
°p-I-bmWv Jp¿-B≥ sNøp-∂-sX∂pw hrj-W-ß-fn¬\n-∂mWv ip¢w D¬]m-Zn-
∏n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂s - X-∂n-cns° apXp-sI-√n-s‚bpw hmcn-sb-√p-If
- p-sSbpw CS-bn¬\n-∂mWv
AXv D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂ Jp¿B≥ ]c-am¿iw XnI™ A_-≤-am-sW-
∂pw hna¿i--I¿ hmZn°mdp≠v. hna¿in-°-s∏-Sp∂ Jp¿-B≥ hN-\-߃°v \¬In-
bn-´p≈ ae-bmf ]cn-`mj ImWpI: ""F∂m¬ a\pjy≥ Nn¥n®p t\m°s´ Xm≥
F¥n¬ \n∂mWv krjvSn°s∏´ncn°p∂Xv F∂v. sXdn®p hogp∂ Hcp {Zmh-I-
Øn¬ \n∂s{X Ah≥ krjvSn°s∏´ncn°p∂Xv. apXpsI√n\pw, hmcnsb-
√pIƒ°panSbn¬ \n∂v AXv ]pdØp hcp∂p.'' (86:5˛7)
Btcm]WßfpsS `qanI
hna¿i-\Ø - ns‚ ImX-em-b- h-iw˛Cu hN-\ß - ƒ A_-≤a - m-sW∂ hmZw˛N¿®
sNøp-∂-Xn-\p-apºv hmZ-Øn\v Dt]m¬_-e-I-ambn kzoI-cn-®n--´p≈ [mc-W-Isf ]T-
\-hn-t[-ba - m-t°-≠X - p-≠v. At∏m-gmWv Jp¿-B\ - n¬ A_-≤a - m-tcm-]n-°p-hm≥ th≠n
]S-°-s∏-Sp∂ `qan-I- F-{X-tØmfw Zp¿_-e-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-hq. Zp¿_-e-amb
`qan-Ib - n¬ ÿm]n-°s - ∏-Sp∂ hmZ-߃ kzm`m-hnIambpw Zp¿_-ea - m-bn-cn-°pw. kqd-
Øp-Xzm--cnJnse \tS kqNn-∏n-°-s∏´ hN-\-߃ {Ko°v kzm[o-\-Øns‚ kr„n-
bm-sW∂v hcp-Øn-Øo¿°p-hm≥ {ian-°p-∂-h¿ AXn\v Dt]m¬_-e-I-ambn kzoI-
cn-°p∂ [mc-W-Iƒ Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-h-bm-Wv.
1) Jp¿B\ns‚ Ah-X-cWImeØv Pohn-®n-cp∂ Ad-_n-Iƒ°v _oP-Øns‚
D¬`-h-ÿm-\-amWv hrj-W-߃ F∂v Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
2011 sabv 9
2) {Ko°v sshZy-\m-bn-cp∂ lnt∏m- cW coXn.(2) Cßs\ h‘ywIcWw \S- t]mIptam F∂v `bs∏Sp∂p. F\n-
{Im-‰kv ]Tn-∏n-®Xv hmcn-sb-√p-If - p-sSbpw Øp-∂-h¿°v hrj-W-߃°-I-ØmWv °msW¶n¬ hnhmlw Ign°m≥ kmº-
apXp-sI-√n-s‚bpw as[y -\n-∂mWv ip¢- ]p\-cp¬]m-Z-\-Øn\v Imc-W-am-Ip∂ ØnI°gnshm∂pan√.'' \_n au\w
ap-≠m-hp-∂-sX-∂m-Wv. _oPw D¬]m- Z n- ∏ n- ° - s ∏- S p∂sX∂v ]men®p. Rm≥ tNmZyw Bh¿Øn®p.
3) Ad_nIƒ°nS-bn¬ {]Nm-c-Øn- IrXy-ambn Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm- ho≠pw au\w. ho≠pw tNmZyw Bh¿-
ep- ≠ m- b n- c p∂ lnt∏m- { Im‰n- k ns‚ ≠m-Wt√m Ah¿ hrj-W-ßsf \in- Øn®p. \_n Acpfn: ""A_q lpssdd!
{`qW]cn-Wma Nn¥-Isf ]I¿Øp-I- ∏n-®p-sIm≠v _otPm¬]mZ-\sØ XS- \n߃°v A\p`hs∏Sm\ncn°p∂
bmWv Jp¿B≥ sNøp-∂-Xv. bp-∂Xpw Aßs\ jfioI-c-W-Øn\v Imcy߃ Xocpam\n°s∏´p Ign™p.
hnt[-b-am-°p-∂-Xpw. Jp¿B\ns‚ Ah- \n߃ jfioIcW \S]Sn kzoI-
Cu [mc-W-Iƒ F{X-tØmfw icn-
X-c-W-Øn\p Gsd \mfp-Iƒ°v apºp- cn°pItbm kzoIcn°mXncn°tbm
bmWv? \mw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I.
Xs∂ hyXykvX \mK-cn-IX - I
- f
- n¬ Pohn- F¥v sNbvXmepw icn.''(4)
i) Jp¿-B-\ns‚ Ah-X-c-W-Im-eØv ®-h¿°n-S-bn¬ hym]-I-am-bn-cp∂ Adn- kAZv ]dbp∂p: DYvam\p_v\p
Pohn-®n-cp∂ Ad-_n-Iƒs°√mw Adn- hmWv hrj-Wß - f - n¬\n-∂mWv {]Xyp¬- afvDu≥ {_“Ncyw BNcn°m≥
bm-am-bn-cp∂ Hcp bmYm¿Yy-am-bn-cp∂p ]m-Z-\-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb _oPw D¬]m-Zn- Xocpam\n®t∏mƒ \_n AXv hntcm-
]p\-cp¬]m-Z-\-Øn\v Imc-W-am-Ip∂ ∏n- ° - s ∏- S p- ∂ Xv F∂ ⁄m\- s a∂v [n®p. At±lØn\v \_n {_“Ncyw
_oP-ß-fpsS D¬]m-Z\w \S-°p-∂Xv CXn¬ \n∂v hy‡-am-hp-∂p-≠v. apl-ΩZv A\phZn®p sImSpØncps∂¶n¬ Rß-
hrj-Wß - f - n-em-sW∂ hkvXp-X. hcn-bp- \_n °pw ka-Im-en-I¿°p-sa√mw hcn- ƒ jfioIcWw kzoIcn°pambn-
S-bv°-ens\ (castration) kw_-‘n®v bp-S®v jfio-Ic - n-°p∂ coXn-sb-°p-dn®v cp∂p.(5)
A°m-eØv \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂ [mc-W-I- Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v hy‡-am-°p∂
fn¬\n∂v C°mcyw t_m[y-s∏-Spw. Hcp {]Xyp¬]mZ-\Ø - n\v Imc-Wa - m-Ip∂
\nc-h[n lZoYp-I-fp-≠v. Nne lZo-Yp-
in£m-co-Xn-sb∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ hcn-bp- _oP- Ø ns‚ Bhn¿`mhw hrj- W -
Iƒ ImWpI: C_v\p akvDuZv ]d- Øn¬ \n-∂m-sW∂v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp∂p
S-bv°p∂ k{º-Zm-bØ - n\v kl-{km-_vZ-
bp∂p: R߃ \_n bpsS IqsS bp- F∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wt√m hrj-W-ap-S®v
ß-fpsS ]g-°-ap-≠v. kpta-cn-b-°m¿°n-
≤w sNbvXpsIm≠ncn°p∂ L´Øn¬ ssewKnItijn-sbbpw {]Xyp¬]m-Z-\-
S-bnepw ssN\-°m¿°n-S-bn-epw CuPn]v-
`mcyam¿ IqsSbp≠mbncn°pIbn√. sØbpw C√m-Xm-°p-∂Xv hntcm-[n-°-
Xp-Im¿°n-Sb - nepw {Ko°p-Im¿°n-Sb - nepw
Hcn°¬ R߃ tNmZn®p: ""R߃ s∏-´-Xv. hrj-W-ß-fmWv _otPm¬]mZ-
tdma°m¿°n-S-bnepw hcn-bp-S-bv°p∂
jfiXzw kzoIcn®p sIm≈s´?'' \-Øns‚ tI{µ-sa∂ hkvXpX apl-ΩZv
k{º-Zmbw \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p. ]pcp-j≥-am-
sc {]Xyp¬]m-Z\ - Ø
- n\v ]‰m-Øh - c- m-°n-
AhnSp∂v RßtfmSXv hntcm[n®p. Hcp \_n °pw A\p-N-c≥am¿°pw A°m-
hkv{Xtam at‰m alvdmbn \¬Inbns´- eØv Pohn-®n-cp∂ Ad-_n-Iƒ°p-sa√mw
Øo¿Øv A[zm-\n-°p-∂-hcpw sIm´mc-
¶nepw hnhmlw Ign°m≥ \_n A- Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂mWv CXn¬\n∂v
tkh-Ic - p-am°n am‰p∂ k{º-Zmbw ]n¬-
\phmZw X∂p. XpS¿∂v Cu Jp¿B≥ hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv.
°m-e-Øp-≠m-bn. ASn-a-Isf jfio-I-
hmIyw D≤cn®p tIƒ∏n®p. ""kXyhn-
c-W-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-°p∂ coXn ASn-a- (ii) {Ko°v sshZy-\m-bn-cp∂ lnt∏m-
izmknItf! A√mlp \n߃°v
hy-h-ÿ-bpsS hym]-\-tØmsS hym]-I- {Im-‰k
- ns‚ _otPm¬]m-Z\ - s
- Ø-°p-dn®
A\phZn®p X∂n´p≈ \√ km[\ß-
am-bn-Øo¿∂p.(1) ]®n-eI - ƒ tN¿Ø NqSp- A`n-{]m-b-ßfp-≈Xv The seed and the
sfm∂pw \n߃ \njn≤am°n sh-
sh-≈-Øn¬ Ccp-Øn-b-tijw sas√- Nature of the child,(6) On Generation
°cpXv.''(3)
sas√ hrj-WØ - n¬ XS-hp-Ibpw ]ns∂ F∂o {]_- ‘ - ß - f n- e m- W v . Ch- b n-
i‡n D]-tbm-Kn®v hrjWw DS-®p-I- A_q lpssdd ]dbp∂p: Rm≥ sem∂pw Xs∂ s\s©-√n\pw apXp-sI-
fbpw sNøp∂ coXn-bm-bn-cp-∂p hym]- tNmZn®p ""ssZhZqXtc! bphmhmb √n\pw as[y \ - n-∂mWv _otPm¬]m-Z\w
I-ambn \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ jfio-I- Rm≥ ssewKnIambn ]m]w sNbvXp \S-°p-∂-sX∂v At±lw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-
2011 sabv 10
Sp-∂n-√. _otPm¬]m-Z-\-sØ-°p-dn® emitted in intercourse. However, erotic
Xs‚ ho£Ww At±lw Ah-X-cn-∏n- dreams and the nature and effects of this
°p-∂Xv Cß-s\-bm-Wv. whole complaint, and why it is a precursor
|1. 1 All things are governed by law. of insanity, is no part of my present
The sperm of the human male comes subject. So much then for that.
from all the humour in the body: it con- 2.1 The reason that eunuchs do not
sists of the most potent part of this fluid, have intercourse is that their spermal
which is secreted from the rest. The evi- passage is destroyed. This passage lies
dence that it is the most potent part which through the testicles themselves.
is secreted is the fact that even though the Moreover, the testicles are connected to
actual amount we emit in intercourse is the penis by a mass of slender ligaments,
very small, we are weakened by its loss. which raise and lower the penis. These
What happens is this: there are veins and are cut off in the operation, and that is
nerves which extend from every part of why eunuchs are impotent. In the case of
the body to the penis. When as the result those whose testicles are crushed, the
of gentle friction these vessels grow warm spermal passage is blocked, for the
and become congested, they experience testicles are damaged and the ligaments,
a kind of irritation, and in consequence, becoming calloused and insensitive as a
a feeling of pleasure and warmth arises
over the whole body. 2 Friction on the
PohnIfpsS kr„n∏n¬ ]pcpj ip¢Øn\v ]s¶m∂pans√∂v
penis and the movement of the whole
man cause the fluid in the body to grow icocLS\m imkv{XImc∑mcn¬ hfsc t]¿ hmZn°p∂p.
warm; becoming diffuse and agitated by a\pjy∏ndhn°v ImcWamhp∂ B¿Øhc‡sØ I´
the movement it produces a foam, in the
]nSn∏n°pI am{XamWv, AhcpsS hmZ{]Imcw ip¢Øns‚
same way as all other fluids produce foam
when they are agitated. But in the case of ]¶v. AhcpsS hmZsØ {]hmNIhN\߃ Jfin°p∂p.
the human being what is secreted as foam
is the most potent and the richest part of
the humour. +This humour is diffused result of the damage, are no longer able become agitated. That is why when they
from the brain into the loins and the whole to tighten and relax. 2 Those on the other reach puberty, sperm can flow in the boy
body, but in particular into the spinal hand who have had an incision made by and the menses in the girl. Such is my
marrow: for passages extend into this from the ear, can indeed have intercourse and explanation of these facts.
the whole body, which enable the emit sperm, but the amount is small, weak
humour to pass to and from the spinal 3. 1 The sperm is, as I say, secreted
and sterile. For the greater part of the from the whole body ó from the hard
marrow. 3 Once the sperm has entered sperm travels from the head past the ears
the spinal marrow it passes in its course parts as well as from the soft, and from
into the spinal marrow; now when the the total humour. This humour has four
through the veins along the kidneys incision has formed a scar, this passage
(sometimes if there is a lesion of the kid- forms: blood, bile, water, and phlegm. All
becomes obstructed. In the case of four are innate in man, and they are the
neys, blood is carried along with the children, their vessels are narrow and
sperm). From the kidneys it passes via the origin of disease. (I have already discussed
blocked, and therefore prevent the these forms, and why both diseases and
testicles into the penis not however by the passage of sperm, so that the irritation
urinary tract, since it has a passage of its their resolutions come from them.) I have
cannot occur as it does in the adult. Hence now dealt with the subject of sperm: its
own which is next to the urinary tract. the humour in the body cannot be agitated origin, how and why it originates, and in
Those who have nocturnal emissions sufficiently to secrete sperm. 3 Girls while the case of those who do not have sperm,
have them for the following reason; when they are still young do not menstruate for why this is so; and I have dealt with
the humour in the body becomes diffuse the same reason. But as both boys and menstruation in girls.
and warmed throughout - whether girls grow, the vessels which extend in the
through fatigue or through some other boy’s case to the penis and in the girl’s to 4. 1 In the case of women, it is my
cause - it produces foam. As this is the womb, open out and become wider contention that when during intercourse
secreted, the man sees visions as though in the process of growth; a way is opened the vagina receives friction and the womb
he were having intercourse, for the fluid up through the narrow passages, and the is disturbed, an irritation is set up in the
is precisely the same as that which is humour, finding sufficient space, can womb which produces pleasure and heat
2011 sabv 11
in the rest of the body. A woman also Jp¿B\ns‚ Ah-X-c-W-
emits something from her body,
sometimes into the womb, which then
Øn\p Gsd \mfp-Iƒ°v
becomes moist, and sometimes externally apºpXs∂ hyXykvX \mK-cn-
as well, if the womb is open wider than I-X-I-fn¬ Pohn-®-h¿°n-S-
normal. Once intercourse has begun, she
experiences pleasure throughout the
bn¬ hrj-W-ß-fn¬\n-∂mWv
whole time, until the man ejaculates. If {]Xyp¬]m-Z-\-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb
her desire for intercourse is excited, she _oPw D¬]m-Zn-∏n-
emits before the man, and for the
remainder of the time she does not feel
°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv F∂ Adnhv
pleasure to the same extent; but if she is hym]-I-am-bn-cp∂p.
not in a state of excitement, then her Ah¿°nSbn¬ \ne\n∂ncp∂
pleasure terminates along with that of the
man. 2 What happens is this: if into boiling
jfio-I-cW coXnbn¬ \n∂v
water you pour another quantity of water CXv hy‡-am-hp-w.
which is cold, the water stops boiling. In
the same way, the man’s sperm arriving
in the womb extinguishes both the heat
and the pleasure of the woman. Both the e) hr°-bn¬\n∂pw CXv hrj-Wß - - lnt∏m-{Im-‰kv ]d-™n-´n-√.
pleasure and the heat reach their peak fn-eqsS enwK-Øn-te°v Hgp-Ip-∂p. lnt∏m-{Im-‰k - n\v C√mØ Hcp hmZw
simultaneously with the arrival of the lnt∏m-{Im-‰k - ns‚ A`n-{]m-bØ- n-ep- At±-lØ - n¬\n∂v tIm∏n-bS- n-°p-∂s - X-
sperm in the womb, and then they cease. ≈ _ntPm¬]m-Z\ coXn-bm-Wn-Xv. CXn- ß-s\--bmWv? apXp-sI-√n\pw hmcn-sb-√p-
If, for example, your pour wine on a flame, se-hn-sSbpw Xs∂ hmcn-sb-√n-s‚-bpw Iƒ°p-an-Sb - n¬\n-∂mWv _oPw ]pd-Øp-
first of all the flame Hares up and apXp-sI-√n-s‚bpw a[y-Øp-\n-∂mWv _o- h-cp-∂-sX∂v Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv ln-
increases for a short period when you Pw D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂p ]d-bp- t∏m-{I-m‰-kns‚ hmZ-ßsf tIm∏n-bS- n-®p-
pour the wine on, then it dies away. In ∂n-√. Xe-t®m-dn¬\n∂v hym]n-°p∂ sIm-≠m-sW∂ hna¿i\w ASn-ÿm-\-
the same way the woman’s heat flares up ckw hyXykvX imco-cn-Im-h-b-h-ß-fn- c-ln-X-am-sW-∂¿Yw.
in response to the man’s sperm, and then eqsS \s´-√ns‚ a÷-bn-te°pw AXn¬- (iii) lnt∏m{Im‰-kns‚ {`qW-im-kv-
dies away. The pleasure experienced by \n∂v hr°-bn-eqsS a‰p- [-a-\n--Iƒ hgn {X-Nn-¥-Iƒ Ad-_n-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ {]Nm-
the woman during intercourse is hrj-WØ -- n-te°pw Aßs\ hrj-W- c-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xv Dulw am-
considerably less than the man’s, althou- Øn-eqsS enwK-Øn-te°pw FØp-∂p-sh- {X-amWv; sXfn-hp-I-sfm∂pw C√mØ
gh it last'' (On Generation)(7) ∂p-am-{X-am-Wv lnt∏m-{Im-‰k - ns‚ ]£w. Hcp Dulw-am-{Xw. apl-ΩZ- v \-_n Pohn-
ChnsS \s´-√n∂pw hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ°p- ®n-cp∂ ImeØv hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ°pw
_otPm¬]mZ-\s - Ø-°p-dn®v lnt∏m-
an-Sb- n-ep-≈X - mbn ]d-bm-\m-hp-∂Xv hr°- apXp-sI-√n-\p-an-S-bn¬ \n∂mWv _oPw
{Im-‰kv ]d-bp∂ Imcy-ßsf Cßs\
sb-°p-dn® ]cm-a¿iw am{X-am-Wv. F∂m- D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂ hnizmkw
kwt£-]n-°mw.
¬ hr°-bn-emWv _oPw D¬]mZn-∏n-°- Ad-_n-Iƒ°n-Sb - n¬ \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p-sh-
a) ico-c-Øn-em-I-am\w hym]n-®p-In- s∏--Sp-∂-sXt∂m BXy-¥n-I-ambn hr°-
S-°p∂ ck-Øns‚ G‰hpw i‡-amb ¶n¬ Ckvemw ]q¿h-Im-esØ cN-\-I-
bn¬\n-∂mWv _oPw {]h-ln-°p-∂-sX-
`mK-amWv _oP-ambn ]pd-tØ°p hcp- fntem {]hm-N-I-in-jy≥am-cpsS h¿Ø-
t∂m lnt∏m-{Im-‰kv ]d-bp-∂n-√. ico-c-
∂-Xv. am-\-ß-fntem AXns‚ kqN-\-I-sf-s¥-
Øns‚ a‰p `mK-ß-fn¬ \ns∂-Øp-∂
¶n-ep-ap-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\ Cs√-
b) ico- c - Ø ns‚ F√m- ` m- K - Ø p- {Zmh-I-߃ hr°-bn-eqsS [a-\n-I-fn-se-
∂p-am-{X-a√- , CØ-cs - amcp ]cm-a¿iw \S-
\n∂pw enwK-Øn-te°v \ofp∂ [a-\n- Øp-∂p-sh∂p am{X-amWv At±lw A`n-
Øp∂ Htc-sbmcp IrXn Jp¿-B-\m-Wp-
I-fp-≠v. AXn-eq-sS-bmWv ckw {]h-ln- {]m-bs - ∏-Sp-∂X - v. ico-cØ
- ns‚ hyXykvX
Xm-\pw. Ad-_n-Iƒ°nS-bn¬ {]Nm-cØ - n-
°p-∂-Xv. `mK-ß-fn-te°v Cu {khw hym]n-°p-∂-
Xv Xe-t®m-dn-eq-sS-bm-sW-∂pw AXv a÷- ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ lnt∏m-{Im-‰n-b≥ Nn¥-I-
c) Xe-t®m-dn¬\n∂v Ac-s°-´p-h-sc- sf ]I¿Øp-I-bmWv Jp¿-B≥ sNøp-
bn-eq-sSbpw hr°-bn-eq-sS-bp-sa√mw IS-
bp≈ ico-c-`m-K-ß-fn-se√mw hnti-jn- ∂-sX∂ hmZ-Øns‚ `qanI Xosc Zp¿_-
∂v hrj-W-ß-fn-seØn enwK-Øn-eqsS
®pw \s´-√ns‚ a÷bn¬ ckw hym]n- e-am-sW-∂¿Yw. Zp¿_-ea - mb `qan-Ib
- n¬
]pdw-X-≈-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv F-
°p-∂p. \n∂p-sIm-≠mWv Jp¿-B-\n-s\-Xnsc
∂p-amWv lnt∏m-{Im-‰-kns‚ ]£w. hm-
d) kpjpav \ m a÷- b n- s e- Ø p∂ cn- s b- √ p- I ƒ°pw \s´- √ n- \ p- a n- S - b n¬ ASn-ÿm-\c - l
- n-Xa
- mb hna¿i-\ß - f- p-∂-
ip¢w hr°-bn-eq-sS-bp≈ [a-\n-I-fn- \n∂mWv _oPw D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂Xv bn-°p-∂-sX∂v hna¿i-I¿ a\- n-em-°p-
eqsS IS∂pt]mIp-∂p. Ft∂m ]pd- Ø p- h - c p- ∂ Xv Ft∂m ∂n-s√-∂-XmWv hmkvX-hw.
2011 sabv 12
hna¿i\Øns‚ ImX¬ AXv sXdn®p hogp-∂-sX∂pw Adn-bp- Hcp Xh-W-bp≈ kvJe-\-Øn¬ Ccp-
C\n hna¿in-°-s∏-Sp∂ hN-\-߃ tºm-gmWv Cu {]tbmKw F{X-tØmfw ]Xv tImSn-sb-¶nepw _oP-ß-fp-≠m-bn-
]cn-tim-[n-°p-I: IrXyhpw kq£vah - p-am-sW∂v a\- n-em- cn-°pw. Zo¿L-Im-esØ CS-th-fbv°p
hp-I. Afi-hp-ambn IqSn-t®¿∂v knIv- tij-ap≈ kvJe-\-am-sW-¶n¬ CXv A-
""JpenJ an≥ amC≥ Zm^nJv''
Xmfi-ap-≠m-Ip-hm≥ ]mI-Øn¬ ]pcp- ºXv tImSn-hscbmhm-sa-∂mWv IW-
""bJvdpPp an≥ ss_\n- zp¬_n h j-enw-KØ- n¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-hc - p∂ {Zmh- °v.(10) Cßs\ kvJen-°-s∏-Sp∂ _oP-
Ø-dm-C-_v'' I-Øn-\m-Wt√m ip¢w F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv. ßfnsem-∂v Afi-hp-am-bn-t®¿∂v knIv-
""sXdn®p hogp∂ Hcp {ZmhIØn¬ ip¢-Øn¬ c≠p apX¬ A©p-hsc iX- Xmfi-ap-≠m-hp-Ibpw AXn¬\n∂v Ip-
\n∂s{X Ah≥ krjvSn°s∏´ncn°p- am-\-amWv _oP-ß-fp-≠m-hp-I. hrj-W- ™mbn amdp-IbpamWv sNøp-∂-sX-¶n-
∂Xv. kzp¬_n\pw, Xdm-C_ - n-\panSbn¬ Øn¬ GI-tZiw 64 Znh-k-ß-sf-Sp-Øm- epw ip¢-Øns‚ _lp-`q-cn-`m-Khpw _oP-
\n∂v AXv ]pdØphcp∂p.'' (36:6,7) Wv Hmtcm _oPm-Wphpw hf¿∂v ]q¿W- ß-f√; a‰p {kh-ß-fmWp≈Xv. CXn¬
Cu hN-\ß - ƒ hy‡-am-°p∂ hkv- am-Ip-∂X
- v. kvt]¿sat‰m-tKm-Wnbw (spe- {][m-\-ambpw skan-\¬ shkn-°n-fp-
Xp-X-Iƒ Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-h-bm-Wv. rmetogonium) F∂p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Iƒ (seminal vesicles) D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂
tIm-iw hrj-W-Øn¬sh®v Du\-`w-K- {kh-ß-fm-Wv. 65 apX¬ 75 hsc iX-
a) sXdn®p hogp∂ {Zmh-I-Øn¬\n-
Øn-eqsS hn`-Pn-°-s∏´v kvt]¿sat‰m- am\w Cu {kh-ßf - m-bn-cn-°pw. Aan-t\m-
∂mWv a\p-jy≥ kr„n-°s - ∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-
ssk‰p-I-fmbpw (spermetocytes) Ah B-kn-Up-Iƒ, knt{S-‰v, F≥sskap-Iƒ,
Xv.
hf¿∂v kvt]¿am-‰n-Up-If - mbpw (sperma- ^vfmhn-\p-Iƒ, {^Ivt‰mkv, t^mkvt^m-
b) "kzp¬_n' \pw "Xdm-C-_n-' \p-an- tids) Ahbv°v hmev Infn¿Øp-hc - n-Ibpw dn¬ tImfn≥, t{]mÃm-•m≥Un\p-Iƒ,
S-bn¬ \n∂mWv {ZmhIw ]pd-Øp-h-cp- Ne-\-tijn ssIh-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXv t{]m´o-\p-Iƒ, hn‰m-an≥ kn XpS-ßn-b-
∂-Xv. _oPm-Wp-°-fmbpw amdp-I-bm-Wv sNøp- h-bmWv Cu {kh-ß-fn-ep-≠m-hp-I. ip-
A) sXdn-®p-ho-gp∂ {ZmhIØn¬ ∂-Xv. Cß-s\-bp-≠m-Ip∂ _oP-߃ ¢m-Wp-°ƒ°v \ne-\n¬°p-hm\pw k©-
\n∂mWv a\pjy≥ kr„n°s∏´ncn- kvJen-°-s∏-Sp∂ ip¢-{Zm-h-I-Øns‚ cn-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ Du¿÷hpw a‰p hkvXp-
°p∂Xv: "an≥ amC≥ Zm^nJv' F∂ sNdn-sbmcp Af-hp-am-{X-sa-bp-≠m-hq˛ °-fn¬\n-∂p≈ {]Xntcm-[hpw \¬Ip-
{]tbm-K-Øns‚ aqem-£-c-ß-fpsS A¿- H∂p apX¬ A©p-iX - a- m-\w h
- s- c am{Xw. ∂Xv skan-\n¬ shkn-°n-fp-I-fn¬ \n-
Yhpw hnh-£-bp-sa√mw apºv N¿® sN- Cu sNdn-sbmcp Af-hn-\-IsØ _oP ∂p≈ {kh-ß-fm-Wv. Cu {kh-߃ In-
bvXn-´p≠v. "i‡ambn Hgp-Ip∂ {Zmh- kwJy tImSn-I-fm-bn-cn-°pw.(8) temIm- gn-®m¬ ]ns∂ {][m-\-ambpw t{]mtÃ-
Iw', "sXdn®p hogp∂ {ZmhIw' F∂n- tcmKy kwL-S\ - b
- psS (WHO) tcJ-Iƒ ‰n¬ (prostate) \n∂v D¬]mZn∏n°s∏Sp-
ß-s\-bmWv CXns‚ A¿Yw. {]Imcw Hcp Xh-WsØ kvJe-\Ø - n¬ ∂ BknUv t^mkv^t‰-kv, kn{SnIv
F¥mWv sXdn®p hogp∂ {ZmhIw? Npcp-ßn-bXv \mep-tImSn _oPm-Wp-°- Bkn-Uv, ss^{_n-t\m-en-kn≥, t{]m-tÃ-
]pcp-ji- p¢w sXdn-®p-ho-gp∂ {ZmhI- sf-¶n-ep-ap-s≠-¶n¬ am{Xsa AXns\ ‰v kvs]kn-^nIv B‚n-P≥, t{]m´n-tbm-
-am-sW∂v B¿°pw ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-t°- kzm`m-hnI _oP-kw-Jy-bmbn (normal en-‰nIv F≥sskap-Iƒ, kn¶v XpS-ßn-
≠-Xn-√. F∂m¬, Fs¥-√m-amWv ip¢- sperm count) IW-°m-°m≥ Ign-bq.(9) b-h-bmWv ip¢-Øn-ep-≠m-hp-I. CXv
{Zm-hI - Ø
- n-ep-≈s- X∂pw Fß-s\-bmWv F∂m¬ Btcm-Ky-hm-\mb ]pcp-js‚ ip¢-hym-]vX-Øns‚ 25 apX¬ 30hsc
iX-am\w hcpw. _ƒt_m-bp-dnØvd¬
AYhm Iut]gvkv {KŸn-Iƒ (bulbour-
ico-c-Øns‚ hyXykvX `mK-ß-fn- ethral or cowpers glands) ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-
te°v Cu _oP{khw hym]n-°p- ∂ KmeIvt{Smkv, knbm-enIv BknUv
XpS-ßn-bh - bpw IqSnt®¿∂mte ip¢-{Zm-
∂Xv Xe-t®m-dn-eq-sS-bm-sW-∂pw hIw Bhp-Ib - p-≈q. CXv {Zmh-IØ - ns‚
AXv a÷-bn-eq-sSbpw hr-°-bn-eq- Hcp iX-am-\-tØm-fta hcn-I-bp-≈q-sh-
sS-bp-sa√mw IS∂v hrj-W-ß-fn- ¶nepw _oP-ß-fpsS \ne-\n¬]n¬ Ah-
bv°v Imcy-am-{X{]kIvXamb ]¶p hln-
seØn enwK-Øn-eqsS ]pdw-X-≈- °p-hm-\p-≠v. {khn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ip¢-Øn-
s∏-Sp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv F∂p- s‚ 98 iX-am-\hpw _oP-ß-f√; a‰p {k-
amWv lnt∏m-{Im-‰-kns‚ ]£w. h-ß-fm-Wv. ip¢-{Zm-h-I-hp-ambn Xmc-X-
ayw sNbvXp-]-d-bp-tºmƒ _oP-Øns‚
hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ°pw \s´-√n-\p-an-S- Afhv hfsc sNdp-Xm-Wv. c≠p iX-am\-
bn¬ \n∂mWv _oPw D¬]m-Zn-∏n- tam AXn-sem-c¬]w IqSp-Xtem am{Xw.
°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Ft∂m ]pd-Øp-h-cp- ip¢{ZmhIw enwK-Øn-eqsS ]pd-tØ-
°v sXdn-®p-ho-gp-∂-Xn-\m-Wt√m kvJe-
∂Xv Ft∂m lnt∏m-{Im-‰kv ]d-
\w (ejaculation)F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. cXn-
™n-´n-√. ]q¿h-eo-e-I-fn-eqsS D≤cn-°-s∏-Sp∂
2011 sabv 13
enwK-Øn¬\n∂v enwK-\m-fn-bn-eqsS (ure- ico-cm-h-b-h-Øn¬ \n∂v am{X-ambn ]pd- W-ßfpw (testicles) kv{Xo°v Afim-
thra) Iut]gvkv {KŸn ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p- Øp-h-cp-∂-X√; {]Xyp-X, apXp-sI-√ns‚ ibßfp (ovaries) ambnØocp- ∂ - X v .
∂ kvt\l-{Zhw (preseminal fluid) ]pd- hmen\v ap≥]n-ep≈ ska-n-\¬ shkn- s]¨Ip-™ns‚ _oP-{K-Ÿn-bpsS cq]o-
Øp-hc - n-Ibpw enwK-\m-fn-bn-ep-≈ aq{Xmw- °n-fp-Iƒ, t{]mtÉv {KŸn, Iut]gvkv I-cW ka-bØv AXn¬ enwK-tIm-i-
iw \o°w sNbvXv _oP-߃°v A]- {KŸn F∂nhbn¬ \n∂pw ASnbn¬ Xq- ߃ (oocytes) D¬]mZn∏n°-s∏-Sm-\m-cw-
ISw ]nW-bmsX IS-∂p-t]m-Im-\p≈ ßn°nS°p∂ hrj-W-ßfn¬ \n∂pam- `n-°p-∂p. Cu enwK tImi-ßsf s]mXn-
hgn-sbm-cp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ssewKn- bn D¬]mZn-∏n-°-s∏´v kvJe\\mfn-bn- ™p-sIm-≠p≈ k©n-I-sf-bmWv t^m-
I-_-‘-Øn-te¿s∏´v cXn-aq¿—-bn-se- seØn H∂n®p tN¿∂v AhnsS \n∂v fn-°n-fp-Iƒ (follicles) F∂p hnfn-°p-I.
Øp-tºmƒ Xe-t®m-dn-ep≈ A\p-X-]vX- enwK-\m-fn-bn-eqsS ]pd-tØ°v sXdn-®p- Ip™n\v ]Xn-s\´v BgvN {]mb-am-Ip-
\m-Un-hy-hÿ (sympethetic nervoussy ho-gp∂ {Zmh-I-am-W-Xv. tºm-gmWv Ip™ns‚ Afim-i-b-Øn-
stem)bpsS \n¿tZ-i-{]-Imcw hrj-W-ß- Cß-s\, enwK-\m-fn-bn-eqsS sXdn®p- \-IØv ]c-am-h[n FÆw t^mfn-°n-fp-
fn-ep≈ _oP-߃ F]n-Un-ssU-an-kn- hogp∂ ip¢-Øns‚ sNdn-sbmcp Awi- Ifp≠m-hp-I. Cu ka-bØv Ccp-]-Øn-
se-Øp-Ibpw (epididymis) _oP-hm-l- amb Hcp _oPw kzbw hf¿∂p Ip-™m- b©v e£w-hsc BZna t^mfn-°n-fp-
\n-°p-ge - n-eqsS (vas deference) apI-fn-te- bn-Øo-cp-I-b√ sNøp-∂-Xv. AXv kv{Xo Iƒ (primordial follicles) D≠m-Im-sa-
°v Ib-dp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. At∏mƒ-X- ico-c-Ønse Afi-hp-ambn IqSn-t®¿- ∂mWv IW-°v. CXn-\p-tijw t^mfn-
s∂ apXp-sI-√ns‚ ASnhiØn\vv ap≥h- ∂p-≠m-hp∂ knIvXmfiw hf¿∂mWv °n-fp-Iƒ \in-°m-\m-cw-`n-°p-∂p. P\-\-
i-Øp≈ t{]mtÉv{K-Ÿn-bn¬ \n∂p≈ Ip™p-≠m-hp-∂-Xv. Afiw Fß-s\- ti-jhpw Cu t^mfn-°nƒ \miw XpS-
{kh-߃ D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw _o- bmWv D≠m-hp-∂-sX-∂p-IqSn a\- n-em- cp-∂p. {]mb-]q¿Øn-sb-Øp-tºmƒ icm-
P-hm-ln-\n-°p-g¬ Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n-S- Ip-tºm-tg "sXdn®p hogp∂ {ZmhIw' icn 1,80,000 t^mfn-°n-fp-I-fmWv s]¨-
Øp-\n∂v XpS-ßp∂ kvJe\ \mfn-bn- F∂ {]tbmKw F{X-tØmfw IrXy-am- Ip-´n-I-fpsS Afim-i-b-Øn-ep-≠m-hp-
se-Øp-Ibpw (ejaculatory duct) sNøp- sW∂v t_m[y-am-Iq. Bdv BgvN Ign- I.(12) Chbv°v C\nbpw hyXy-kvX-ß-
∂p. t{]mtÉv {khw _oP-ß-fp-ambn bp-tºm-gmWv K¿`-ÿi - n-ip-hns‚ enwKw fmb L´-ß-fn-eqsS IS∂pt]mIp-hm-\p-
Ie-cp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w Xs∂ t{]mtÉn\v \n¿W-bn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ coXn-bn- ≠v. Hmtcm L´-߃ Ign-bp-tºmgpw \nc-
sXm´p-]n-∂n-embn skan-\¬ shkn-°n- ep≈ am‰-߃ {]I-Sa - m-Im-\m-cw-`n-°p-∂- h[n t^mfn-°n-fp-Iƒ \in-°p-∂p. F√m
fp-If
- n¬ \n∂v D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°s - ∏-Sp∂ {k- Xv. Ip™n\v A©v BgvN {]mb-am-Ip- \nebv°pw _e-hØ - mb enwK-tIm-iß - -
h-ßfpw Iut]gkv {KŸn-bn¬\n-∂p≈ tºmƒ P\-t\-{µn-b-in-J-c-߃ (genital sf hln-°p∂ t^mfn-°n-fp-Iƒ°v am{X-
{kh-ßfpw IqSn AtXm-sSm∏w tNcp-∂p. ridges) cq]-s∏-Sp-∂p. CXn¬\n-∂mWv sa Afi-hn-k¿÷-\-Øn\v apºp≈
Cßs\ IqSn-t®-¿∂p≠mhp∂ ip¢-{Zm- Bdm-asØ BgvN ssewKn-Im-h-b-h-ß- L´-Øn-se-Øm≥ (preovulatory stage)
hIw kvJe\ \mfn-bn¬\n-∂mWv enwK- fpsS ]q¿h-cq-]a- mb _oP-{KŸnIƒ (go- Ign-bp-Ib- p-≈q. GI-tZiw \m\qdv FÆ-
\m-fn-bn-eqsS ]pd-tØ°v sXdn-®p-ho-gp- nads) D≠m-hp-∂X - v. Cu _oP-{K-Ÿn-Iƒ Øn-\v am{Xw. t^mfn-°n-fp-If - psS hf¿®-
∂-Xv.(11) ip¢-{Zm-hIw GsX-¶n-ep-samcp Xmtg°v Cd-ßn-bmWv ]pcp-j\v hrj- bn¬ sKmW-tUm-t{Sm]n≥ dneo-knwKv
tlm¿tam¨ (GnRH) t^mfn-°nƒ Ãnap-
apl-Ω-Zv \-_n Pohn-®n-cp∂ te-‰nwKv tlm¿tam¨ (FSH), eq‰nss\-
knwKv tlm¿tam¨ (LH), Cukv{SP≥,
ImeØv hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ°pw t{]mP-Ã-tdm¨ F∂o A©v tlm¿tam-
apXp-sI-√n-\p-an-S-bn¬ \n∂m- WpIƒ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-hp-∂p-≠v. B¿Ø-h-
Wv _oPw D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp- N-{I-Øns‚ icm-icn ]Xn-\m-em-asØ
Znhkw ]q¿W hf¿®sbØp∂ t^mfn-
∂-sX∂ hnizmkw Ad-_n- °n-fn¬ eq‰n-ss\-knwKv tlm¿tam-Wns‚
Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p- {]h¿Ø-\^ - e
- a
- mbn AXn-ep≈ sX°m
sh-¶n¬ Ckvemw ]q¿h-Im-e- tImi-߃ (theca cells) B≥t{Smkvs‰-
Un-\n-tbm¨ D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p-Ibpw AXv
sØ cN-\-I-fntem {]hm-N-I- Xe-t®m-dn-ep≈ sslt]m-X-em-a-kns\
in-jy≥am-cpsS h¿Ø-am-\-ß- D±o]n-∏n®v GnRHs‚ D¬]m-Z-\-Øn\v
fntem AXns‚ kqN-\-I-sf- Imc-W-am-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. At∏m-tg-
bv°v hf¿®-sb-Ønb t^mfn-°n-\I - Øv
s¥-¶n-ep-ap-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp-Xcw {ZmhIw \nd-™n-cn-°pw. t^mfn-
Aßs\ Cs√-∂p-am-{X-a-√, °p-fm¿ {Zhw (follicular fluid) F∂p-hn-
CØ-c-samcp ]cm-a¿iw \S- fn-°-s∏-Sp∂ CXn¬ {][m-\-ambpw lb-
eq-tdm-WnIv Bkn-UmWv (hyaluronic
Øp∂ Htc-sbmcp IrXn Jp¿- acid) D≠m-hp-I. t^mfn-°p-fm¿ {Zh-Øn-
B-\m-Wp-Xm-\pw. \p ]pdsa {]mb- ] q¿Øn- s b- Ø nb
2011 sabv 14
Afi-sØ s]mXn-™p-sIm-≠p≈ Iyp- Btcm-Ky-hm-\mb ]pcp-js‚ Hcp Xh-W-bp≈ kvJe-\-Øn¬
ap-ekv tImi-ßfpw (cumulus cells) t^m-
fn°nfn-\-I-Øp-≠mhpw. LHs‚ DtØ-P- Ccp-]Xv tImSn-sb-¶nepw _oP-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Zo¿L-Im-
\-^-e-ambn t^mfn-°nƒ D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p- esØ CS-th-fbv°p tij-ap≈ kvJe-\-am-sW-¶n¬ CXv
∂ t{]m´n-tbm-en‰n-Iv F≥ssk-ap-Iƒ AºXv tImSn-hscbmhm-sa-∂mWv IW°v. {khn-°-s∏-Sp∂
(proteolytic enzymes) Hcp `mK-Øp≈
t^mfn-°p-fm¿ I-eI - sf \in-∏n-°p-Ibpw ip¢-Øns‚ 98 iX-am-\hpw _oP-ß-f√; a‰p {kh-ß-fm-Wv.
AhnsS ÃnKva (stigma) F∂ t]cn-ep≈ ip¢-{Zm-h-I-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXp-]-d-bp-tºmƒ _oP-
Zzmcw {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNø-p∂p. Øns‚ Afhv hfsc sNdp-Xm-Wv. c≠p iX-am-\tam AXn-sem-
AXn-\p-≈n-eqsS ]q¿W hf-¿®s-bØ - nb
AfisØ hln-®p-sIm-≠v Iypap-ekv c¬]w IqSp-Xtem am{Xw. Cßs\ kvJen-°-s∏-Sp∂ _oP-
tImi-ßfpw t^mfn-°p-fm¿ {Zhhpw sX- ßfnsem-∂v Afi-hp-am-bn-t®¿∂v knIvXmfi-ap-≠m-hp-
dn®p hogp-∂p. ]pcp-j-ip¢w enwKØn¬- Ibpw AXn¬\n∂v Ip™mbn amdp-IbpamWv sNøp-∂-Xv.
\n∂v sXdn®phogp-∂Xp t]mse-Ø-s∂-
bp≈ Hcp {]{In-bb - m-Wn-Xv. Cßs\ sX-
dn®p hogp∂ Afiw AS-ßp∂ {Zmh-
Iw ^tem-∏n-b≥ \m-fn-bpsS (fallopian _m Av {Xbm-£-c-ß-fpsS hnh-£. CXv {Inbm-cq-]-Øn¬ hcp-tºmƒ Dd-®-Xm-bn-
tube) A‰-Øp-≈ ^nw{_n-b- (fimbria)I- Øo-cp-I, i‡-am-hp-I, am‰-an-√m-Xm-hpI XpS-ßnb A¿Y-ß-fnepw {]mtbm-Kn-°m-
fn¬ ]Xn-°p-Ibpw Ahn-sS-\n∂v K¿`m- dp-≠v.(14) kzp¬_v F∂v \s´-√n\pw (back bone) Ac-s°-´n\pw (loins) ]d-bm-dp-≠v.
i-bØ - n-\I- t- Ø°v \oßp-Ib - p-amWv sN- Loins F∂ Cw•ojv ]Z-Øn\v The Concise Oxford Arabic-English Dictionary(15)bpw
øp-∂-Xv.(13) ]pcpj ip¢-sØ-t∏mse-Ø- Hippocrene Standard Dictionary (Arabic-English)(16)bpw \¬Ip∂ Ad_n A¿Yw
s∂ kv{Xo-bpsS Afihpw Afim-i- kzp¬_v F∂m-Wv. ASn-bnse hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ°pw (lower ribs) hkvXn-{]-tZ-iØ - n\p
b-Øn¬-\n∂v D¬k¿Pn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv (pelvis)anS-bv°p≈ ico-c-`m-K-amWv Ac-s°´v AYhm ISn{]tZiw (loin)(17). "kzp¬-
sXdn-®p-ho-gp∂ {Zmh-I-am-bn-s°m-≠p- X- _v' F∂ Jp¿B\nI {]tbm-K-Øn\v loins F∂v A¿Yw ]d-™-h-cmWv an°
s∂-bm-sW-∂ hkvXpX Jp¿-B-\nI Cw•ojv ]cn-`m-j-I-cp-sa-∂-XmWv hkvXp-X. CXn¬ BZy-Ime Cw•ojv ]cn-`m-j-
{]tbm-K-Øn-s‚ IrXyX-bmWv hy‡am- I\pw Hmdn-b‚en-Ãp-amb tPm¿Pv skbnepw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p.(18) {InkvXp-aX - Ø
- n¬\n∂v
°p-∂-Xv. "an≥ amC≥ Zm^nJv' F∂ Ckvemw kzoI-cn® Jp¿B≥ ]cn-`m-j-I-\mb apl-ΩZv am¿aUyqIv ]nIvXmfpw(19)
{]tbm-K-Øn-\-IØv ]pcpj ip¢sØ- PqX-a-X-Øn¬ \n∂v Ckvemw kzoI-cn-®-tijw Jp¿B≥ ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Ønb apl-
t]mse- Ø s∂ D¬k¿Pn°- s ∏- S p∂ ΩZv Ak-Z-pw(20) {_n´ojv Hmdn-b‚-en-Ãmb Jp¿B≥ ]cn-`m-j-I≥ B¿X¿ tPm¨
Afi{Zmh-I-sØbpw Dƒs]-Sp-Øm-hp- B¿s_dn-bp(21)-bp-sa√mw kzp¬_n\v \¬In-bn-´p≈ A¿Yw loins F∂p -X-s∂bm-
∂-Xm-sW∂v kmcw. W
- v. F∂m¬ A_vZp√- bq-kp-^e - n,(22)- A_vZp¬leow,(23) apl-ΩZv XJvbp±o≥ A¬
(24)
B) kzp¬_n\pw XdmC_n-\p-an-S-bn- lnemen XpS-ßnb Cw•ojv ]cn-`m-j-I¿ "kzp¬_v' F∂ ]Z-Øn\v \¬Ip∂
¬ \n∂mWv {ZmhIw ]pd-Øp-h-cp-∂-Xv. A¿Yw \s´√v (back bone) F∂m-Wv. Npcp-°-Øn¬ \s´-√nt\m Ac-s°-´nt\m
kzp¬_v F∂p {]tbm-Kn-°m-sa-∂¿Yw.
""kzp¬_n\pw, XdmC_n-\p-anSbn¬
\n∂v AXv ]pdØphcp∂p.'' (86:7) a\p-jy-sc-°p-dn®v "]pcp-js‚ Ac-s°-´n¬ \n∂v D≠m-Ip-∂-h¿' F∂ A¿Y-
Øn¬ "kzp¬_n¬ \n∂p≈-h¿' F∂ {]tbmKw a[y-]q¿h-tZ-iØv hym]-I-am-bn-
apXp-sI-√v, hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ F∂n-ß-
s\ ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. C°mcyw ss__nfn¬ \n∂v hy‡-
cn-°p-∂Xv kzp¬_v, Xdm-C_v F∂o ]Z- ambn a\ nemIp∂p≠v. GXm\pw ss__nƒ hN-\-߃(25) ImWpI:
ß-sf-bm-Wv. F¥mWv Cu ]Z-ß-fpsS ""ssZhw ]ns∂bpw Aht\mSv Rm≥ k¿hi‡nbp≈ ssZhamIp∂p. \o
hnh-£-sb∂v Bg-Øn¬ ]cn-tim-[n-°p- k¥m\]p„nbp≈h\mbn s]cpIpI. Hcp PmXnbpw PmXnIfpsS Iq´hpw \n∂n¬
tºm-gmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ A_-≤-ß- \n∂v D¬`hn°pw. cmPm°∑mcpw \ns‚ ISn{]tZiØv \n∂v ]pds∏Spw.'' (D¬∏Øn
fn-s√∂pw IrXyhpw kq£va-hp-amb {]- 35:11)
tbm-K-ß-fmWv Jp¿B≥ \S-Øp-∂-sX- ""F¶nepw Bebw ]Wntb≠Xv \ob√. \ns‚ ISn{]tZiØv \n∂v D¬`hn-
∂pw hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-hp-I. kq£va- °p∂ aI≥ Xs∂ Fs‚ \maØn¬ Bebw ]Wnbpw F∂v I¬∏n®p.'' (1.cmPm-
amb ]T-\-Øn\v Hmtcm ]Z-sØbpw °∑m¿ 8:19)
{]tXy-I-am-sb-SpØv A]-{K-Y-\-Øn\v ""F¶nepw Bebw ]Wntb≠Xv \ob√. \ns‚ ISn{]tZiØv \n∂v D¬`hn-
hnt[-b-am-°p-I. °p∂ aI≥ Xs∂ Fs‚ \maØn¬ Bebw ]Wnbpw F∂v I¬∏n®p.'' (2.Zn\-
kzp¬_v: kzmZv, emav, _mAv XpS- hrØm¥w 6:9)
ßnb aqem-£-c-ß-fn¬\n∂v \njv]-∂- ""bmt°m_ns‚ ISn{]tZiØv \n∂v D¬`hn® tZlnIƒ F√mw IqsS Fgp]Xv
am-b-XmWv kzp¬_v F∂ ]Zw. {Iqio- t]cmbncp∂p.'' (]pd∏mSv1:5)
I-cn®v sIm√p-I, F√n¬\n∂v a÷-sb-
Sp-°pI F∂n-ß-s\-bmWv kzmZv, emav, CXn¬ BZysØ aq∂v hN-\-ß-fn¬ (D¬ 35:11, cmPm 8:19, 2 Zn\ 6:9) "ISn-{]tZ-
2011 sabv 15
ss__n-fn¬ \¬I-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ ]cn-`mj "an≥ kzp¬_n°' F∂m-Wv.(31) a‰p hN-
]pcpj ip¢-sØ-t∏mse-Øs∂ \-߃°v \¬Is∏´ncn°p∂ Ad_n ]cn-`m-j-bnepw CXp-X-s∂ ImWmw. "\ns‚
kv{XobpsS Afihpw Afim-i- ISn-{]-tZ-iØp\n∂p-≠m-Ip-∂-h¿' F∂ A¿Y-Øn¬ "an≥ kzp¬_n°' F∂
{]tbm-Kw Ad-_n-Iƒ°n-Sb - nepw XØp-ey-amb {]tbm-Kß- ƒ a[y]q¿h-{]-tZ-isØ
b-Øn¬\n∂v D¬k¿Pn-°-s∏-Sp- a‰p `mj-°m¿°n-S-bnepw hym]-I-ambncp-∂p-sh-∂mWv CXv hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.
∂-Xv sXdn-®p-ho-gp∂ {Zmh-I-am-bn- D¬]-Øn, ]pd-∏m-Sv, cmPm-°-∑m¿, Zn\-hr-Øm¥w XpS-ßnb ss__nƒ ]pkvX-
s°m-≠p- X-s∂-bm-sW∂ I-ß-fn-se√mw Cu {]tbmKw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ apl-ΩZv \_n °v
hkvXpX Jp¿-B-\nI {]tbm-K- \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°p apºp-Xs∂ Cßs\ {]tbm-Kn-°p∂ k{º-Zmbw hym]-I-am-bn-cp-
∂p-sh∂pw AXn\v Znhy-t_m-[-\-Øns‚ ASn-Ø-d-bp-s≠∂pw a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-
Øns‚ IrXyX-bmWv bpw. Znhy-t_m-[\
- Ø- ns‚ ASn-Ød - b
- n-s√-¶n¬ h¿j-ßf- psS CS-th-fI
- ƒ°v tijw
hy‡am°p-∂-Xv. Fgp-X-s∏´ {KŸ-ß-fn-se√mw Htc {]tbm-Kw-Xs∂ IS-∂p-h-cm-\p≈ km[yX hnc-
"an≥ amC≥ Zm^nJv ' F∂ f-am-Wv. {InkvXp-hns‚ ImeØpw AXn\p tij-hp-sa√mw Cu {]tbmKw \ne-\n-
∂n-cp-∂p-sh∂v Xs∂-bmWv a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xv. ]pXnb \nb-a-Ønse Nne
{]tbm-K-Øn-\-IØv ]pcpj ]cm-a¿i-߃ ImWp-I.
ip¢sØt]mse-Øs∂ D¬k¿- ""F∂m¬ Ah≥ {]hmNI≥ BIbm¬ ssZhw Ahs‚ ISn{]tZiØns‚
Pn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Afi{Zmh-I-sØ- ^e-Øn¬ \ns∂mcpØs\ Ahs‚ knwlmk\Øn¬ CcpØpw.'' (At∏m-
kvXe{]hrØnIƒ2:30)
bpw Dƒs]-Sp-Øm-hp-
""AXv A{_lmans‚ ISn{]tZiØv \n∂v Dev`hn® ktlmZc∑mtcmSmWv
∂-Xm-sW∂v kmcw. hmßp∂Xv.'' (F{_mb¿7:5)
""Ahs‚ ]nXmhns\ a¬°otkZ°v FXntc‰t∏mƒ tehn Ahs‚ ISn{]-
tZiØv D≠mbncp∂pht√m?'' (F{_mb¿7:10)
ss__n-fnse BZy ]pkvXIw apX¬ Ah-km-\sØ ]pkvX-Iw-hsc Fgp-X-
s∏´ ImeØv "ISn-{]-tZ-i-Øp-\n-∂p-≠m-Ip-∂-h¿' F∂ {]tbmKw \ne-\n-∂n-cp-
∂p-sh-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v kaq-l-Øn¬ {]kvXpX {]tbmKw F{X-tØmfw kzoIm-cy-am-
bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v hy‡-am-hp-∂p-≠v.
CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Nne {]tbm-K-߃ Jp¿B\nepw lZo-Yp-I-fn-ep-sa√mw
ImWm≥ Ign-bpw.
""\nßfpsS amXm°ƒ, ]p{Xnam¿, ktlmZcnam¿, ]nXrktlmZcnam¿, amXr-
ktlmZcnam¿, \nßsf apeIpSn∏n® t]m‰Ωam¿, apeIpSn aptJ\bp≈ \nßfpsS
ktlmZcnam¿, \nßfpsS -`mcymamXm°ƒ F∂nh¿ (Ahsc hnhmlw sNø¬)
\n߃°v \njn≤am°s∏´ncn°p∂p. \n߃ ssewKnIthgvNbn¬ G¿s]´n´p≈
\nßfpsS -`mcyamcpsS k¥m\ßfmbn \nßfpsS kwc£WØnep≈ hf¿Øv
iw' F∂v ]cn-`m-js - ∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv ]p{Xnamcpw (Ahsc hnhmlw sNøp∂Xpw \njn≤am°-s∏´ncn-°p∂p)-. C\n \nß-
"Ju-- -temØvkv' (khaw-lawts') F∂ ƒ Ahcpambn ssewKnIthgvNbn¬ G¿s]´n´ns√¶n¬ (AhcpsS a°sf thƒ-
ln{_p-]-Z-sØ-bm-Wv. Ah-km-\sØ °p∂Xn¬) \n߃°p Ip‰an√. \nßfpsS apXpIn¬ \n∂v ]nd∂ ]p{X≥amcpsS
hN-\Ø - n-em-Is´ (]pd 1:5) "ISn-{]-tZiw' -`mcyamcpw (\n߃°v \njn≤am°s∏´ncn°p∂p.)'' (Jp¿-B≥ 4:23)
F∂v `mjm-¥cw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂v "tbmtc- "BCi -\n-th-Z\w: A√mlp-hns‚ ZqX≥ ]d™p "A√mlp kz¿K-Øn\v
°v' (yaw-rake') F∂ ]Z-sØ-bp-am-Wv.(26) Ah-Im-in-I-fm-b-hsc kr„n-®n-´p-≠v. kz¿K-Øn\p th≠n Ahsc kr„n-®-t∏mƒ
JutemØvkv F∂ ]Z-Øn\v {]kn-≤- Ah¿ Ah-cpsS ]nXm-°-fpsS ISn-{]-tZ-i-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. \c-I-Øn\v Ah-Im-in-I-
amb kvt{SmMvkv ss__nƒ tIm¨tIm- fmb Nne-scbpw kr„n-®p. AXn-\mbn Ahsc kr„n-®-t∏mƒ Ah¿ Ah-cpsS
¿U≥kv \¬Ip∂ A¿Yw loins F∂m- ]nXm-°-fpsS ISn-{]-tZ-i-Øm-bn-cp-∂p.''(32)
Wv.(27) ln{_p˛Cw•ojv seIvkn°-WpI-
fpw \¬Ip∂ A¿Yw CXp-Xs - ∂-bm-W.v (28) "A_q CkvlmJv ]d-bp∂p: Xs‚ ]p{X≥ lks\ t\m°n-sIm≠v
tbmt-c°v F∂ ]Z-Øn\pw loins F∂ Aen ]d™p: {]hm-N-I≥ \ma-I-cWw sNbvX-Xp-t]mse Fs‚ aI≥ Hcp
A¿Y-ap-s≠∂v kvt{Smßpw(29) seIvkn- t\Xmhm-Wv. {]hm-N-I≥- bpsS t]cp-≈-h\pw At±-l-tØmSv kz`m-h-Øn¬
°-Wp-Ifpw(30) hy‡-am-°p-∂p. Cu ]Z- kmZriyw ]pe¿Øp-∂h - \
- pw-˛c
- q-]Ø
- n-e√
- ˛- B
- b Hcmƒ Chs‚ ISn-{]-tZ-iØ
- p-\n∂v
߃s°√mw \¬I-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ Ad- IS-∂p-h-cpw. AXn\ptijw Ah≥ Cu `qan-bn¬ \oXn \nd-°p-∂-h-\m-°n-Øo¿°p-
_n ]cn-`mj "kzp¬_v' F∂m-Wv. "\n- ∂ IY At±lw ]d™p:''(33)
s‚ ISn-t{]-i-Øp-\n∂v' F∂v ae-bm-f- Jp¿-B≥ kqd-Øp-∂n-km-Cse Ccp-]-Øn-aq-∂m-asØ hN-\-Ønepw kzlolp
Øn¬ `mjm-¥cw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ D¬- apkvenanse D≤-cn-°-s∏´ lZo-Ynepw kzp¬_ns‚ _lp-h-N-\-amb Akzvvem_v
]Øn 35:11se {]tbm-K-Øn\v Ad_n F∂mWv {]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Jp¿-B\ns‚ Ah-X-c-W-Im-eØv a°sf Dt±-in-
2011 sabv 16
®p-sIm≠v "kzp¬_n¬ \n∂p-≈-h¿' {]tbm-K-Øn\v Ah¿ A¿Y--am-°n-b-Xv "Xdm-C_v' Ft∂m AXns‚ GIhN-\-
F∂ {]tbmKw hym]-Ia - m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂ ISn{]tZi-Øp-\n∂v F∂m-sW-∂p-ap≈ cq-]-amb "Xco-_Øv' Ft∂m {]tbm-Kn-
hkv X p- X - b m- W nXv ImWn- ° p- ∂ Xv . hkvXp-X-I-fmWv \mw CXp-hsc a\- n- °-s∏-´n-´n-√. Jp¿-B-\n\p apºp≈ Ihn-
lZoYv \nZm-\-im-kv{X-{]-Imcw A_q-Zm- em-°n-b-Xv. kqdØp Xzmcn-Jnse Ggm- X-I-fn¬\n∂v Cwdp¬ ssJkns‚ Hcp
hq-Zn¬\n∂v D≤-cn-°-s∏´ lZoYv Zp¿_- asØ hN-\-Ønse "kzp¬_n'\pw ISn- Ihn- X sb D≤- c n- ® p- s Im- ≠ mWv CXv
e-am-sW-¶nepw {]kvXpX lZo-Ynse {]-tZiw (loins) F∂ A¿Y-w Xs∂-bm- kv{XobpsS ico-c-`m-K-ßsf Ipdn-°p-
Ahs‚ kzp¬_n¬\n∂v F∂ {]tbm- Wv {]ap-J-cmb Cw•ojv ]cn-`m-j-I-sc- hm≥ am{X-ap-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v
Kw, kzlm-_n-am-cp-tSbpw Xm_n-DI - f- p-sS- √mw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. "\s´√v' F∂ enkm-\p≥ Ad-_v, XmPp¬ Ad-qkv XpS-
bp-sa√mw ImeØpw A\-¥-c-Km-an-Isf A¿Y-sØ-t∏m-se-Xs∂ ]cn-K-W-\o-b- ßnb B[n-Im-cnI Ad-_n-`mjm \nL-
]nXm-hns‚ ISn-{]-tZ-i-Øp-\n∂p-≈-h¿ amb H∂mWv "ISn-{]-tZiw' AYhm "Ac- ≠p-Iƒ A`n-{]m-bs - ∏-Sp-∂X - v. B[p-\nI
F∂v hnfn-°p∂ k{º-Zmbw \ne-\n-∂n- s°´v' F∂ A¿Y-I¬]-\-bp-sa-∂¿Yw. Ad-_n-`mjm \nL-≠p-If - n¬ ]e-Xnepw
cp- ∂ p- s h∂v hy‡- a m- ° p- ∂ p- ≠ v. Cu hN-\-Ønepw(86:7) a\p-jy-P-\-\-hp- Cu ]Zw Xs∂-bn-√. hmcn-sb-√ns\ Ipdn-
kqdØp∂nkm- C se "an≥ Akzv v e m- ambn _‘-s∏-´mWv kzp¬_v F∂p °p-∂-Xn\v "fzn¬Av' F∂pw AXns‚
_n°pw' F∂ {]tbm-K-Øn\v "\nßfp- {]tbmKn®n-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂Xv sIm≠p- _lphN-\-ambn "fzpeq-Av' F∂p-amWv
sS apXp-Ip-I-fn¬ \n∂v ]nd∂' F∂ Xs∂ "ISn-{]-tZiw' F∂ A¿Y-am-bn- Ah-bn-ep-≈-Xv. "kzp¬_n's\t∏mse
A¿Y-amWv Hcp hn[w ae-bmf ]cn-`mj- cn°pw IqSp- X ¬ A\p- t bm- P y- s a- ∂ v hym]-I-amb {]tbm-K-Øn-ep-≈tXm km-
-I-sf√mw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ CXn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-hp-∂p-≠v. ln-Xy-ß-fn¬ \nd-™p-\n¬°p-∂tXm
Cw•ojv ]cn-`m-jI - c- mb ]n‡mƒ, bqkp^v- Xdm-C_v: Bb ]Z-a√ "Xdm-C_v' F∂¿Yw.
A-en, apl-ΩZv Ak-Zv, aplvkn≥ Jm≥, ""sXdn®p hogp∂ Hcp {ZmhIØn¬ kqd-Øp-Xzm-cn-Jn-ep≈ "ss_\ kzp-
F.sP, B¿s_dn XpS-ßn-b-h-sc-√mw \n∂s{X Ah≥ krjvSn°s∏´ncn°p- ¬_n hØ-dm-C_n' F∂ {]tbm-K-Øn-
\¬In-bn-´p≈ A¿Yw from your loins ∂Xv. kzp¬_n\pw, XdmC_n-\p-anSbn¬ \v "]pcp-js‚ kzp¬_n¬\n∂pw kv{Xo-
F∂m-Wv. \tS D≤cn® kzlolp apkv- \n∂v AXv ]pdØphcp∂p.'' (86:6,7) bpsS Xdm-C_p-I-fn¬\n∂pw F-∂ A¿-
enan-sebpw kp\\p A_-oZ- m-hq-Zn-sebpw Y-amWv BZy-Ime Jp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-
X,d,_ F∂o aqem- £ - c - ß - f n¬
lZo-Yp-If - nse "kzp¬_v' F∂ ]Z-Øn\v °-fn¬ an°-hcpw \¬In-bn-´p-≈-Xv. kz-
\n∂v \njv]-∂-amb "Xco-_-Øn's‚ _-
{]apJ Cw•ojv ]cn-`m-j-I-sc-√mw- \¬-
lp-h-N-\-amb "Xdm--C_n's\bmWv Cu lm-_n-am-cn¬ \n∂p≈ Jp¿-B≥ hym-
Inbn-´p≈ A¿Y-hpw loins F∂mWv.(34)
hN-\-Øn¬ hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ F∂v ]cn- Jym-Xm-°-fn¬ {]ap-J-\mb C_v\p A-
kzp¬_v F∂ ]Z-Øn\v Dd-®-Xv, `m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv. {]apJ Cw- ∫mkv Cu hN-\-Øn\v \¬Inb hym-
\s´-√v, ISn{]tZiw XpS-ßnb A¿Y-ß- •ojv Jp¿B≥ ]cn-`m-jI - f- n-se√mw "Xdm- Jym\w ""kzp¬_p¿dPpen hX-dm-C-_p-
fp-s≠-∂pw, a\p-jy-P-\-\-hp-ambn _‘- C_n'\p \¬In-bn-´p≈ A¿Yw breast ¬ a¿-AØn h¬ heZp em b - Iq-\p C-√m
s∏´v {]tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ "kzp¬_n¬ bones Ft∂m ribs Ft∂m BWv. CXn¬- -an-\¬ amAbv\n''(35) F∂m-sW∂v Camw
\n∂v' F∂ {]tbmKw Jp¿B\ns‚ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-ambn apl-ΩZv AkZv Xz_vdm\n D≤-cn-®-Xmbn ImWmw. ]pcp-
Ah-X-c-W-Øn\v apºp-Xs∂ a[y-]q¿h- \¬In- b n- ´ p≈ ]cn- ` mj pelvic arch js‚ kzp¬_n¬ \n∂pw kv{XobpsS
tZ-iØv hym]-I-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Cu F∂mWv; CXv kv{Xo ico-csØ I-pdn°p- Xdm-C-_n¬ \n∂p-ap≈ c≠v {Zmh-I-ß-
∂ ]Z-{]-tbm-Ka - m-sW-∂mWv Jp¿-B\ - n¬ fn¬ \n∂p-ambmWv Ip™p-≠m-hp-∂-Xv'
D]-tbm-Kn-°s - ∏-´n-cn-°p∂ Akm-[m-cW F∂¿Yw. as‰mcp kzlm-_n-bmb CIv-
{]tbm-K-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Kth-jWw \S- cna- h-pw CtX A¿Yw ]d-™-Xmbn
Øn-bn-´p-≈-h-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-sa∂pw Camw Xz_vcn Xs‚ X^vkodn¬ D≤-cn-
apl-ΩZv AkZv tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. °p-∂p-≠v.(36) kzlm-_n-am-cpsS A`n-{]m-
Xdm-C_v F∂ {]tbmKw Ad-_n- b-ß-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬, {]kn≤ Jp¿-
km-ln-Xy-ßf - n¬ km-[m-cW - b - mbn ImW- B≥ hymJym- X m- ° - f mb Xz_v c n,
s∏-SmØXmWv. Jp¿-B-\n¬ Hcp Xh-W kaJvicn,(37) Xz_vdm\n, dmkn(38) Jp¿Xp-
- a m- { Xsa Cßs\ {]tbm- K n- ® n- ´ p- ≈ q. _n,(39) C_v\p IYo¿,(40) Pem-sse\n,(41)
{]hm- N IhN- \ - ß - f n¬ hym]- I - a m- b n iu°m-\n (42) XpS-ßn-bh - s- c√mw "]pcp-
2011 sabv 17
js‚ kzp¬_n¬ \n∂pw kv{XobpsS Xdm-C-_n¬ \n∂p- F¥mWv "Xdm-C_v' F∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ BZy-Imew
ap≈ {Zmh-Iß - f - n¬ \n∂mWv Ip™p-≠m-hp-∂Xv F∂mWv apX¬t° ]fin-X≥am¿°v A`n-{]mbhyXym-k-ap-≠m-bn-
Cu Bb-Øp-Iƒ°v \¬Inb hymJym-\w. kv{XobpsS ico- cp-∂p-sh∂ hkvXpX Camw dmkn Xs‚ X^vko-dn¬ hy‡-
c-`m-Kam-bmWv {]ap-J-cmb kzlm-_n-Ifpw Jp¿-B≥ hym- am-°n-bn-´p-≠v.(46) F∂m¬ kzlm-_n-amcpw BZy-Ime hym-
Jym-Xm-°f - p-sa√mw Xdm-C_ - ns\ a\- n-em-°n-bXv F∂-¿Yw. Jym-Xm-°-fp-sa√mw CXv kv{XobpsS ico-c-`m-K-am-sW∂
CXn¬\n∂v hyXy-kvXa - mbn ]pcp-jm-hb
- h
- Ø
- n\pw "Xdm- \nebv°p Xs∂-bmWv Imcy-߃ hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
C_v' F∂p ]d-bm-sa∂v A`n-{]m-b-s∏´ ]fin-X≥amcp-ap- kv{XobpsS Igp-Øn\p Xmsg-bp≈ imco-cn-Im-hb-h-ß-fn-
≠v. C_v\p¬-Jønw Ah-cn¬ {][m-\n-bm-Wv. ]pcp-js‚ tetXm H∂mWv Xdm-C-_p -sIm≠v hnh-£n-®Xv F∂v Ch-
bn¬\n∂v a\- n-em-°mw. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs - ∂-bm-bn-cn-°Ww
Xs∂ kzp¬_n\pw Xdm-C-_n-\p-an-S-bn¬\n∂v {]h-ln-°p-
apl-ΩZv AkZv Xs‚ Jp¿B≥ ]cn-`m-jb - n¬ "Xdm-C_n'\v
∂ ip¢-{Zm-hI - s
- Ø- Ip-dn-®mWv kqd-Øp-Xzm-cn-Jnse ]cma¿-
hkvXn- I-am\w (pelvic arch) F∂v A¿Yw \¬In-bX - v. At±-
i--sa-∂mWv At±-l-Øns‚ ]£w.(43) Xm_n-D-I-fn¬s]´ J-
lw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWpI: The plural noun taraib,
ØmZ -bn¬\n∂pw CØ-c-samcp A`n-{]mbw Pem-ep±o≥
rendered by me as pelvic arch, has also the meaning of ribs
kpbq-Xzn Xs‚ Zp¿dp¬ a≥Yqdn¬ D≤-cn-®n-´p-ap≠v.(44) or arch of bones; according to most of the authorities who
F¥mWv Xdm-C_v? hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ°v am{X-amtWm have specialized in the etymology of rare Qur'anic expr-
Cßs\ {]tbmKn°mdp-≈Xv? As√∂ hkvXpX ]pcm-X\ essions,this term relates specifically to female anatomy. (Taj
Ad_n \nL-≠p-I-sf√mw km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. kvX\- al Arus)(47)
߃, kvX\-߃°n-S-bn-ep≈ ÿew, s\s©-√v, amdn-Sw, "Xdm-C_p'-sIm≠v Jp¿B\n¬ hnh-£n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-
hmcn-sb-√p-I-fn¬ XmgsØ \mse-Æw, kvX\-߃°pw, ∂Xv GXv Ah-bh-am-sW∂p Jfin-X-ambn ]d-bm≥ Ign-
]qsW-√n-\p- (collar bone)anSbnep≈ ÿew, ]qsW-√n-\- bn-s√∂pw hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ F∂v A¿Y-w \¬Ip-∂-Xp-t]m-
Sp-Øp≈ hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ, c≠p ssIIfpw c≠p-Im-ep-Ifpw se-Xs∂ a‰p A¿Y-ßfpw ]cn-KW - n-°s- ∏-tS-≠X - m-sW∂pw
c≠v IÆp-Ifpw Cßs\ hnhn[ A¿Y-ß-fn¬ Xdm-C_v "hkvXn- Iam\w' F∂ A¿Yhpw {]kvXpX ]Z-Øn-\p-s≠-
F∂v {]tbm-Kn-°m-sa-∂mWv \nL-≠p-Iƒ hy‡-am-°p-∂- ∂p-amWv Ch hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.
Xv. hneyw -se-bn-\ns‚ {]kn-≤-amb seIvkn°-Wn¬ \¬- ss_\ kzp¬_n hØ-dm-C-_v.
Ip∂ A¿Y-߃ {i≤n-°p-I.(45)
""kzp¬_n\pw, XdmC_n-\p-anSbn¬ \n∂v AXv ]pd-Øp-
hcp∂p.'' (86:7)
kzp¬_v, Xdm-C_v F∂o ]Z-ß-sf-°pdn® N¿®-bn¬-
\n∂v Dcp-Øn-cn-™Xv Xmsg-]-d-bp∂ hkvXp-X-I-fm-Wv.
1) _en-jvTa - m-bX- v, \s´-√v, ISn-{]-tZ-iw- F-∂n-ßs\ A¿-
Y-ß-fp≈ Ad-_n-]-Z-amWv kzp¬_v. ]pcp-js‚ kzp¬_n-
¬\n-∂mWv Ip™p-ßf - p-≠m-Ip-∂s-X∂ a[y-]q¿h-tZ-iØv
\q‰m-≠p-I-fmbn \ne-\n∂ {]tbmKw Ahs‚ ISn-{]-tZ-i-
sØ Dt±-in-®p-sIm-≠p-≈X - m-Wv. AXp- X-s∂-bm-bn-cn-°Ww
kqd-Øp-XzmcnJnse kzp¬_n-s‚bpw kmcw.
2) hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ, kvX\-߃, ssIIm-ep-Iƒ, hkvXn-
I-am\w F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ A¿Y-ß-fn¬ {]tbm-Kn-°s-- ∏-´n-
cp-∂ A]q¿h]-Zß - f- n-sem-∂mWv "Xdm-C_v'. Ad_n `mjm-
Im-c≥amcpw BZy-Ime Jp¿-B≥ hymJym-Xm-°f-- p-sSbpw
A`n-{]m-b-{]-Imcw Cu ]Z-{]-tbmKw s]ÆhbhsØ°p-
dn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. s]Æns‚ hmcn-sb-√p-Itfm hkvXn-I-am-
\tam BImw Cu Jp¿-B≥ hN-\-Øn¬ Dt±-in-°-s∏-´n-cn-
°p-∂-Xv.
"an≥ amC≥ Z-m^nJn's\ (sX-dn-®p-ho-gp∂ {Zmh-IØn¬
\n∂v) Ipdn® N¿®-bn¬ \mw FØn-t®¿∂ hkvXp-X-Isf
Cßs\ kwt£-]n-°mw.
1) cXn-aq¿—-bnseØptºmƒ A\p-X]vX \mUohy-hÿ - -
bps-S D±o]-\-{]-Imcw hrj-W-Øn¬\n∂v _oPm-Wp-°ƒ
_oP-hm-ln-\n-°p-ge - n-eqsS apI-fn-te°v Ibdn kvJe\\mfn-
bn-se-Øp-Ibpw AtXm-SS- p-Øp≈ t{]mtÃ-‰v, skan-\¬ sh-
kn-°n-fp-Iƒ, Iut]gvkv {KŸn F∂n-hb - n¬ \n∂v D¬]mZn-
∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ {kh-ß-fp-am-bn-t®¿∂v kvJe-\-\m-fn-bn¬
2011 sabv 18
kv{Xoi-co-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw ]pcpj ico-c-Øn¬\n∂pw
sXdn®p hogp∂ {Zmh-I-ß-fpsS ktΩ-f-\-amWv
Ip™ns‚ P\-\-Øn\v \nan-Ø-am-Ip-∂-sX∂
hkvXpX Xs∂-bmWv hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ hy‡-am-
°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CsXm-cp- imkv{XIme hymJym-\-
a√; {]XypX B[p\nIcpw ]ucmWnIcpamb
ap^ ncoß-fn¬ an°-hcpw \¬Inb A¿Y-I¬]-\-
bm-Wv. kzlm-_n-am-cp-sSbpw Xm_n-D-I-fp-sSbpw
hymJym\ßfpsS shfn-®-Øn-em-Wv- A-h¿ Cu A¿Yw
\¬In-b-Xv.
\n∂v enwK-\m-fn-bn-eqsS ]pd-tØ°v sXdn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. \¬In-bX - v. kv{XobpsS Xdm-C_ - n-¬\n∂pw ]pcp-js‚ kzp¬-
\s´-√ns‚ hmen\v (coccyx)- ap≥]nem-bmWv skan-\¬ sh- _n¬\n∂pw sX-dn-®p-ho-gp∂ {Zmh-I-ß-fpsS kwK-as-- Ø-°p-
kn-°n-fp-Ifpw t{]mtÃ-‰pw Iut]gvkv {KŸnbpw kvJe\\m- dn-®mWv kqdØp Xzmcn-Jnse hN-\-߃ hy‡-am-°p-∂sX-
fn-bp-sa√mw ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂-Xv. ]pcp-j-ip¢w ]pd-tØ°v ∂ hymJym-\-Øn¬ kwibw {]I-Sn-∏n-®-h¿ {][m-\-ambpw
sXdn-°p-∂Xv ISn-{]-tZ-isØ hyXykvX Ah-b-h-ß-fpsS D∂-bn-®-Xv "kv{XobpsS {ZmhIw sXdn-®p-ho-gp-∂-X-√t√m'-
H∂n-®p≈ {]h¿Ø\w hgn-bmWv. IrXy-ambpw ISn-{]-tZ-i- sb∂ \ymb-am-bn-cp-∂p. kv{XobpsS {ZmhIw sIm≠v hnh-
Øp \n∂p-X-s∂-bmWv ]pcp-j-{Zm-hIw ]pd-tØ°v sXdn- £n-°p-∂Xv cXn-_m-ly-eo-e-Iƒ \S-°p-tºmƒ ]pd-Øp-h-
°p-∂-Xv. kzp¬_n¬\n∂p-Xs∂! cp∂ _¿tØm-en≥ {khtam (bartholin fluid) cXn-aq¿—m
2) B¿Ø-h-N-{I-Øn-s‚- ]-Xn-\memw Znhkw sslt]m- ka-bØv ]mcm-bp-dn-{X¬ \mfn-I-fn¬\n∂v (paraurethral
X-em-a-kns‚ D±o]-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-Ip∂ Afim-i-b-Øn- ducts) ]pd-Øp-h-cp∂ {Zmh-Itam BsW∂v [cn-®-h-cm-bn-cp-
\-IsØ ]q¿W-hf - ¿®sbØnb t^mfn-°n-fn¬ {]Xy-£s - ∏- ∂p Cu hmZ-ap-∂-bn® hymJym-Xm-°ƒ; Atfim¬k¿P-
Sp∂ ÃnKvasb∂ Zzmc-Øn-eqsS {]mb-]q¿Øn-bmb Afi- \-sØtbm B ka-b-Øp-≠m-hp∂ imco-cnI am‰-ß-sf-tbm
sØ hln-®p-sIm≠v t^mfn-°p-fm¿ {Zhhpw Iypap-ekv tIm- Ipdn® Adnhv Ah¿ Cu hmZ-ap-∂-bn-°p∂ ImeØv D≠m-
i-ßfpw ]pd-tØ°v sXdn-°p-Ibpw AXv ^tem-∏n-b≥ \mfn- bn-cp-∂n-√. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ kv{Xo]p-cpj {Zmh-Iß - f
- psS
bpsS A‰-Øp≈ ^nw{_-bI-fn¬ ]Xn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ ka-\z-b-sØ-∏-‰n-Ø-s∂-bmtWm kzp¬_n¬\n∂pw Xdm-
{]{In-bb - mWv Atfim¬k¿P\w (ovulation). Cßs\ D¬- C_n¬\n∂pw ]pd-Øp-h-cp∂ {Zmh-I-sØ-Ip-dn®v Jp¿B≥
k¿Pn-°-s∏-´-A-fi-amWv ]pcp-j-_o-P-hp-ambn kwtbm-Pn- ]cma¿in°ptºmƒ A¿Y-am-°p-∂s - X∂v Ah¿ kwi-bn-®p.
°p-∂X - v. CsX√mw \S-°p-∂Xv hmcn-sb-√ns‚ IqSn-\p-Xmsg ]pcpj{ZmhIw sXdn®p hogp-∂-Xm-sW∂v Ah¿°v Adnbm-
hkvXn-I-am-\-Øn\v apI-fn-embn ÿnXn-sN-øp∂ K¿`m-i-b- am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ kv{XobpsS {ZmhIw sXdn-®p-ho-gp-∂-
Øns‚ c≠-‰Ømbn ImW-s∏-Sp∂ Afim-i-b-ß-fnepw X-s√∂ A∂sØ Adnhns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ Cu hN\w
A\p-_‘ Ah-bh - ß
- f
- n-epam-bm-Wv. IrXy-ambpw Jp¿-B≥ ]pcp-j-_o-P-sØ-°p-dn-®p- am-{X-am-sW∂v hmZn-°p-I-bmWv
"Xdm-C_v' F∂p hnfn® ÿe-Øp-sh-®p-Xs - ∂-bmWv Afi- Ah¿ sNbvX-Xv. F∂m¬ C∂p \ap-°-dn-bmw, _¿tØm-en-
{Zm-hIw (ovular fluid) Afim-i-b-Øn¬\n∂v ]pd-tØ°v ≥ {khtam ]mcm-bp-dn-{X¬ {khtam Ip™ns‚ ]nd-hn-bn¬
sXdn-°p-∂Xv F∂¿Yw. ]¶m-fn-bm-hp-∂n-s√∂pw AXn¬ ]¶m-fn-bm-hp∂ {Zmh-Iw-˛-
A-fi{- Zm-hI - w˛sXdn-®p-ho-gpI Xs∂-bmWv sNøp-∂s - X∂pw.
hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ A_-≤-am-tcm-]n-°p-∂-h¿ Bflm¿-
Jp¿B\n¬ ]d-™-Xp-X-s∂-bmWv icn-sb∂ hkvXpX
Y-ambn A]-{K-Yn-°p-hm≥ k∂-≤a - m-bm¬ AXn¬ sNdn-sbm-
hy‡-am-hp-I-bm-Wn-hnsS sNøp-∂-Xv. B[p-\n-I-imkv{Xw
cp- kv-J-enXsa¶n-ep-an-s√∂ hkvXp-X -t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv
Jp¿-B-\ns‚ kXy-X°v km£n-bm-hp-I-bm-sW∂ bmYm¿-
sNøp-Is - b∂ bmYm¿Yy-amWv ChnsS ho≠pw A\m-hc - Ww
Yyw Hcn-°¬IqSn t_m[y-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wn-hn-sS.
sNø-s∏-Sp-∂X - v. kv{Xoi-co-cØ - n¬ \n∂pw ]pcpj ico-cØ - n-
¬\n∂pw sXdn®p hogp∂ {Zmh-I-ß-fpsS ktΩ-f-\-amWv kqd-Øp-Xzm-cn-Jnse hN-\-߃ ]pcpj_oP-sØtbm
Ip™ns‚ P\-\-Øn\v \nan-Ø-am-Ip-∂-sX∂ hkvXpX Afi-sØtbm A√ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-sX∂ hkvXpX \mw
Xs∂-bmWv Cu hN-\-ß-fnepw hy‡-am-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv. a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. ]pcp-j-_o-P-ßsf hln-°p∂ sXdn-
CsXm-cp- imkv{XIme hymJym-\a - √; {]XypX B[p\nIcpw ®p-ho-gp∂ {Zmh-Ihpw AfisØ hln-°p∂ sXdn-®p-ho-
]ucmWnIcpamb ap^kvkncoß-fn¬ an°-hcpw \¬Inb gp∂ {Zmh-I-hp-amWv Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°-s∏-´n-cn-
A¿Y-I¬]-\b - m-Wv. kzlm-_n-am-cp-sSbpw Xm_n-DI - f
- p-sSbpw °p-∂-Xv. Cu {Zmh-I-ß-fmWv kzp¬_n¬\n∂pw Xdm-C-
hymJym\ßfpsS shfn-®-Øn-em-Wv- A-h¿ Cu A¿Yw _n¬\n∂p-am-bn ]pd-Øp-h-cp-∂-sX∂v Jp¿B≥ ]cm-a¿in-
2011 sabv 19
"\ns‚ ISn-{]-tZ-iØp\n∂p-≠m-Ip-∂-h¿' F∂ A¿Y-Øn¬
"an≥ kzp¬_n°' F∂ {]tbm-Kw ss__nƒ ]pkvX-I-ß-fn-
se√mw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ apl-ΩZv \_n °v
\q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°p apºp-Xs∂ Cßs\ {]tbm-Kn-°p∂ k{º-
Zmbw hym]-I-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw AXn\v Znhy-t_m-[-\-Øns‚
ASn-Ø-d-bp-s≠∂pw a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. Znhy-t_m-[-\-
Øns‚ ASn-Ø-d-bn-s√-¶n¬ h¿j-ß-fpsS CS-th-f-Iƒ°v
tijw Fgp-X-s∏´ {KŸ-ß-fn-se√mw Htc {]tbm-Kw-Xs∂ IS-
∂p-h-cm-\p≈ km[yX hnc-f-am-Wv.
°p-∂-Xv. CXv _oPsØ Ipdn-®m-sW∂ _m_p am bpIvdlp -an-\Ø_Øp¬ h¬ Jnkm 24. Muhammed Taqiudheen Al Hilali & Muhamm-
Av / kzlolp apkv e nw, InØm- _ p- ∂ n- I m- l v , ed Muhsin Khan: The Noble Quran Page 884
[mc-W-bpsS shfn-®-Øn¬, ssewKn-Im-
_m_p∂n-Imlv 25. kXy-thZ ]pkvXIw, Believers Church, Thiru-
h-bh
- ß - f - psS ]q¿h--cq-]a- mb _oP-{K-Ÿn- 5. kzlo-lp¬ _pJm-cn, InØm-_p-∂n-Im-lv, valla,2008
Iƒ (gonads) D≠m- I p- ∂ - X v ]n∂oSv _m_p am bpIvdlp -an-\Ø_Øp¬ h¬ Jnkm 26. John R. Kowenberger III: The Interlinear NN
\s´√pw hmcn-sb-√p-I-fp-am-bn-Øo-cp∂ Av / kzlolp apkv e nw, InØm- _ p- ∂ n- I m- l v , Hebrew English Old Testament, Michigan, 1987
_m_p∂n-Imlv 27. www.strongsnumbers.com/hebrew/504-htm
Ie- I ƒ°v \Sp- h n¬ \n∂m- s W∂pw
6. G.E.R. Lloyd (Ed): Hippocratic Writings P. 317-346. 28. F.Brown, S.Driver, C. Briggs: Herbraw & En-
AXmWv Cu hN-\-߃ A¿Y-am-°p-∂- 7. Lain-M Ionie: The Hippocratic Tratises ’On gen- glish Lexicon, Masachusetts, 2005, page 323
sX∂pw Nne B[p-\nI hymJym-Xm-°ƒ eration’ ’On the nature of the child’ ’Diseases IV’, 29. www.strongsnumbers-com/hebrew/3409-htm
]d-™n-´p-≠v. sXdn-®p-ho-gp∂ {Zmh-I- de Gruyter, 1981 Page 1-5 30. Hebrew & English Lexicon, Opt cit page 437
8. WHO Laboratory Manual for the examination of 31. A¬In-Øm-_p¬ apJZvZk,v Ãp‰vKm¿´v, P¿a-
sØ-°p-dn-®mWv kzp¬_n-s‚bpw Xdm-
human semen and sperm-cervical \n, 1993 t]Pv 56.
C-_n-s‚bpw CS-bn¬ \n∂p-≠m-hp-∂Xv 9. www.ncbi.n/m.nin.gov/pubmed/1393072 32. kzlolp apkvenw, InØm-_p¬ JZv¿, lZoYv
F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂-Xp- 10. Bruce M. Koeppen & Bruce A-Stanton. Berne & 6436
sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Cu hymJym\w icn-bm- Levi : Physiology 6th Edn. Mosby Elsevier, Phila- 33. A_vZp-Zm-hqZv, InØm-_p¬ alvZn, lZoYv 4276.
delphia, 2010 page 758-788. 34. Nasirudhem Al Khattab: English Translation of
sW∂p tXm∂p-∂n-√. kzlm-_n-am-cp-sS-
11. Ibid Sahih Muslim, Riyadh, 2007, Vol 7, page 37.
bpw BZy-Ime hymJym-Xm-°-fp-sSbpw 12. W. Hamish B Wallace, Thomas W Kelsy: Hu- Nasirudheen Al Khattab : English Translation of
A`n-{]m-bhpw Cu hymJym-\h - p-ambn Hc- man Ovarian Reserve from conception to the meno- Sunan Abu Dawud, Riyadh, 2008, vol 4, page 511.
¿Y-Ønepw tbmPn-°p-∂p-an-√. F∂m¬ pause (2010) www.plosone.org. 35. Camw Xz_vdm\n: aPaD¬ _bm≥ ^o X-^vko-
13. Susan B Bulhivant, Sarah A. Sellergren, Kathleen dn¬ Jp¿-B≥ www.altafsir.com
]pcp-js‚ kzp¬_n¬\n∂pw kv{Xo-bp-
stern, Natasha A. Spencer, Suma Jacob, Julie A 36. Camw Xz_vcn: Pman-D¬ _bm≥ ^o X^vko-
sS Xdm-C-_n¬\n∂pw sXdn®phogp∂ Mancella, Mrtha K Mcclintock: Women’s sexual dn¬ Jp¿B≥ www.altafsir.com
{Zmh-I-ß-fpsS ktΩ-f-\-amWv Ip™n- experience during the menstrual cycle : identifica- 37. Camw kaJvicn: A¬ Iivim^v www.alta
s‚ P\-\-Øn\v \nan-Ø-am-Ip-∂-sX∂ tion of the sexual phase by noninvasive measure- fsir.com
ment of leiutinizing hormone, Journal of sex Re- 38. Camw dmkn: AØ-^vko-dp¬ I_o¿ www.alta
kzlm-_n-am-cp-sSbpw ]ucm-WnI hym-
search, Feb. 2004. fsir.com
Jym-Xm-°-fp-sSbpw A`n-{]mbw Xs∂- 14. Willian Lane: Lanes Arabic-English Lexican Vol 39. Camw Jp¿Øp_n: A¬ PmanD en AlvIm-
bmWv icn-sb∂ hkvXp-Xb - mWv ]pXnb 4 Page 1711 an¬ Jp¿-B≥ www.altafsir.com
imkv{X]T-\-߃ hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv. 15. Compact Oxford English Arabic Dictionary of 40. Camw C_v\pI-Yo¿: X^vko-dp¬ Jp¿B\n¬
Current English, Oxford, 2005, Page 226 Icow www.altafsir.com
Jp¿-B\ - ns‚ A{]-am-ZnXzw hy‡-am-°p-
16. John Wortabet & Harrey Porter: Hippocrene 41. X^vko¿ Pem-sse\n www.altafsir.com
∂-tXm-sSm∏w Xs∂ BZn-aX - e- a
- p-db
- psS Standard Dictionary Arabic English -English Arabic, 42.Camw iu°m\n: ^Xvlp¬ I_o¿ www.alta
hymJym-\-Øn\p Xs∂-bmWv Jp¿B≥ Newyork (2001) Page 281 fsir.com
]T-\c- w-KØv {]Y-a] - c - n-KW- \- - \¬tI≠- 17. Compact Oxford English Arabic Dictionary of 43. Camw C_v\p¬ Jønw: CAvemap¬ aphJvJn-
Current English, Oxford, 2005 Cu≥, ssItdm, 2002, hmeyw1, ]pdw 145
sX∂ hkv X p- X bpw Cu ]T- \ - ß ƒ
18. George Sale: The Koran, Bibliobazar, 2009, P. 398 44. Camw kpbqXzn: Zp¿dp¬ a≥-Yq¿ hmeyw10, ]pdw
sXcy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. 19. Mohamed M Picthall: The Glorius Qur’an, 236
Ref: Newyork 1999 page 703 45. William Lane: Arabic-English Lexicon Vol I Page
1. www. eunuch.org/ 20. Muhammad Asad: The Message of the Qur’an, 301.
2. www.health24.com Gibraltor, 1989 Page 944 46. Camw dmkn: AØ- ^ v k o- d p¬ I_o¿
3. kzlo-lp¬ _pJm-cn, InØm_pØ^vko-¿, 21. A.J. Arberry: The Koran Interpreted, Jouchstone, www.altafsir.com
_m_p em Xpl¿dnaqXzøn-_mØn amA-l-√- 1996, Vol. 2, Page 334. 47. Muhammad Asad: The Message of the Qur’an,
√mlp e°pw./ kzlolp apkvenw InØm-_p-∂n- 22. Abdullah Yusuf Ali: The Qur’an; United States, Gibraltor, 1989 Page 944
Im-lv, _m_p \nIm-ln¬ apXv-A-Øn -h-_-bm\p Page 191
A∂lp D_ol -YpΩ \pknJ -YpΩ D_ol. 23. M.A.S. Abdul Haleam: The Qur’an, Newyork,
4. kzlo-_p¬ _pJm-cn, InØm-_p-∂-nImlv, 2008 page 417
2011 sabv 20
IpSpw_w: CkvemanI `qanIbn¬
A_q lw\ ImcØq¿ ■-
2011 sabv 25
A\n„ßfpsS ]´nI AhXcn∏n®v `mcysb \n mcbm°n
Nn{XoIcn®v Xgbp∂ IpSneX°p≈ icnbmb NnIn’bmWv
\_n bpsS ]mT߃. Xs‚ {k„mhns‚ hn[nhne°pIƒ
Iehd IqSmsX A\pkcn°m≥ _m[yÿ\mb hnizmkn°v
Gsd BizmkIcw IqSnbmWnh.
Ibpw F\n°v tkh\w sNøpIbpw sNømdp≠v. BcpsS \_n sNbvXncp∂sX∂pw Bbni km£ys∏SpØp∂-
taenepw CXn∂v hntcm[an√. Bbni B¿ØhL´- Xmbn Camw _pJmcn tcJs∏SpØq∂p.
Ønembncn°ptºmƒ \_n bpsS apSn NoInsImSp°mdp- IqSnbmtemN\
s≠∂v Ah¿ Ft∂mSv ]dbpIbp≠mbn. \_n ]≈nbn-
ho´pImcpambn Imcyßfnse IqSnbmtemN\, ]cn`hw
¬ `P\ancn°pIbmbncn°pw. Xe AhcpsS ASp°te°v
]db¬ XpSßnbhsb ]cnKWn°mØ BfpIƒ \ap-°n-
\o´ns°mSp°pw. Bbni AhcpsS apdnbnembncn°pw.
Sbn¬ kpe`amWv. Al¶mctam Zpc`nam\tam hnIeamb
Aßs\ Ah¿ B¿ØhL´Ønembncn°th AhnSpsØ
[mcWItfm BWv CØc°msc CXn¬ \n∂v XSbp∂Xv.
apSn hm¿∂psImSp°pw. (_pJmcn)
{]hmNI PohnXØnse kw`h߃ {]kvXpX Nn¥mK-Xn-
A\kv ]d™p: blqZ kv{Xo EXpaXnbmbncn°p- sb C√mbva sNøm≥ ]cym]vXaWv.
tºmƒ, Ah¿ Ahfpambn `£n°pItbm Htc apdnbn¬
{]hmNI ]Xv\n DΩp kea \nthZ\w: ""lpssZ_nb-
Ahfpambn Ccn°pItbm sNøp∂n√. AXpsIm≠v kl-
bn¬ sh®v {]hmNI≥ _lpssZhmcm[Icmb Jpssdin-
NmcnIƒ {]hmNIt\mSv tNmZn°pIbpw, A√mlp Xncp-
Ifpambn Hcp DSºSn \SØpIbp≠mbn. Icmdn\p tijw
ta\n°v ZnthymZvt_m[\w \¬IpIbpw sNbvXp: ""B¿Øh-
\_n injy∑mtcmSp _enbdp°phm\pw Xe apfi\w
sØ°pdn®v Ah¿ \nt∂mSv tNmZn°p∂p.'' (Jp.2:222) A√m-
sNøphm\pw ]d™p. Bcpw A\pkcn®n√. aq∂p XhW
lphns‚ ZqX≥ ]d™p. kwt`mKsamgn®v as‰√m Imcy-
AhnSp∂v ]d™n´pw Bcpw tIƒ°mXncp∂Xn¬ Jn∂\m-
hpw sNøpI. (apkvenw)
b {]hmNI≥ DΩp kea tbmSv hnjbw AhXcn∏n-
Bbni ]d™p: ""B¿Øh L´Øn¬ Rm≥ IpSn® ®p. Ah¿ ]d™p: ""A√mlphns‚ ZqXtc, Xm¶ƒ t]mbn
AtX ]m{XØn¬ \n∂p Fs‚ hmbv kv]¿in® `mKØp BtcmSpw H∂pw ]dbmsX _en \SØpIbpw Xe apfi\w
\n∂pw {]hmNI≥ sh≈w IpSn°pambncp∂p.'' (apkvenw) sNøpIbpw sNøpI.'' {]hmNI≥ A{]Imcw sNbvXp. AXp-
P\߃°nSbnse A‘hnizmkßfpw ZpcmNmcßfpw I≠ kzlm_nIƒ _en \SØpIbpw ]ckv]cw Xe ap-
C√mbva sNøp∂tXmsSm∏w kv{Xo B¿Øh thfIfn¬ fi\w sNøpIbpw sNbvXp. ZpxJ`mcØm¬ ]ckv]cw
A\p`hn°p∂ t¢ißfnepw H‰s∏SepIfnepw Ahƒ°v Adp-ØpIfbp∂ Ahÿbnembncp∂p Ahcn¬ Nne¿.''
Bizmkhpw IqSpX¬ kvt\lhmbv]pw \¬Ip∂ coXnbm- (X^vko¿ Xz_vcn)
bncp∂p {]hmNI≥ Ahew_n®Xv F∂p kmcw. klnjvWpX
ho´ptPmenIƒ kv{XoItfmSv XnI™ AklnjvWp°fmWv ]pcp-j-
ho´ptPmenIƒ s]Æns‚ am{Xw ]WnbmsW∂p am{X- ∑mcn¬ ]ecpw. Ft∂mSv X¿°n°m≥ Ahfmcv? F∂ `mhw
a√ `¿Ømhns‚ sNcn∏p XpSt°≠Xpt]mepw Ahƒ km[mcWasW∂v ]dbmw. F∂m¬ BtcmKyIcamb N¿®-
Xs∂bmsW∂v \n›bn°pIbpw AØcw at\m Nn{Xo- Ifpw X¿°ßfpw ZºXnIƒ°nSbn¬ A\n„Ica√. Xs‚
IcWßfneqsS ZmºXyØnte°v ImseSpØp sh°pI- klnjvWpXbpsS taJebn¬ \n∂v kv{XoIƒ hninjym
bpw sNøp∂hcmWv kaqlØnse \s√mcp hn`mKw Bfp- `mcy ]pdØ√ F∂v ]pcpj≥ Xncn®dntb≠Xp≠v. kv{Xo-
Ifpw. kvt\lw ]ckv]cw ]¶p sh°p∂Xns‚ `mKambn Isf XrWh¬KWn®ncp∂ Hcp kaqlsØ am‰n adn® apl-
`¿Xrtkh sNøpI F∂Xns\ NqjWmflIambn D]- ΩZv \_n bpsS Cu hnjbIamb ssien ImWpI:
tbmKn°p∂Xv BtcmKyIcamb {]hWXb√. Da¿ _n≥ JØm_v ]d™p: ""R߃ Jpssdin-I-
{]hmNI≥ s‚ ho´nse coXnIsf Ipdn®v tNmZn®t∏m- ƒ°v kv{XoIƒ°paosX \nb{¥Wap≠mbncp∂p. R߃
ƒ Bbni ]d™p: ""At±lw ho´ptPmenIfn¬ klm- aZo\bnseØnbt∏mƒ ]pcpj∑m¿°v apIfn¬ \nb{¥-W-
bn°pIbpw _m¶v hnfn tIƒ°ptºmƒ \akvImcØn\mbn ap≈ kaqlsØbmWv I≠Xv. RßfpsS kv{XoIƒ Ah-
t]mIpIbpw sNøpw.'' (_pJmcn) cn¬ \n∂v ]Tn°m≥ XpSßn. Rm≥ Xmakn®ncp∂Xv A¬
hkv{Xw Ae°pI, sNcn∏p XpS°pI, hkv{Xw Xp∂pI, Ahmenbn¬ _\p Daø _n≥ kmbnZp-Im¿°nSbnembncp-
H´IsØ Id°pI XpSßn kz¥w Imcy߃ X\nsbbmWv ∂p. Hcp Znhkw Fs‚ `mcy Ft∂mSv Ib¿°pIbpw X¿°n-
2011 sabv 26
`uXnIamb kIe BkzmZ\ßfpw shSnbpIbmWv
`‡nbpsS XmXv]cyw F∂v a\ nem°nbhcmWv
BfpIfne[nIhpw. CØcw Nn¥bpsS aq¿Øo`mhamWv
{_“Ncyw, k\ymkw XpSßnbh. F∂m¬ AØcsamcp
[mcWsb hf¿Øp∂tXm t{]m’mln∏n°p∂tXm Bb
A[ym]\߃ Ckveman\v A\yamWv.
°pIbpw sNbvXp. F\n°Xn„ambn√. Ahƒ Ft∂mSv \n¬°p∂Xv. kvt\lw {]ISn∏n°mXncn°pI F∂Xv ssP-
tNmZn®p: Rm≥ Xm¶tfmSv X¿°n°p∂Xv Xm¶ƒ°v C„am- h hncp≤amsW∂p kmcw. hnhmtlXc kv{Xo˛]pcpj {]W-
Ip∂n√ At√? A√mlphmsW, {]hmNI≥ bpsS ]Xv- bw AcpsX∂v ]Tn∏n°p∂ kXyaXw ZºXnam¿°nSbn¬
\nam¿ At±ltØmSv X¿°n°mdp≠v. At±ltØmSv Ah¿ AXns\ \n oaam°nbncn°p∂p F∂p Xs∂ ]dbmw. am\-
K¿∆n°pIbpw cm{XnbmIpw hsc ]I¬ apgph≥ ]nWßn hXbpsS amXrIm]pcpj\mb aplΩZv \_n bpsS Pohn-
am-dnbncn°pIbpw sNømdp≠v! Aßs\ Rm≥ {]hmNI Xm[ymbßfn¬ tNtXmlcamb {]WbthfIƒ kpe`-
]Xv\n k^nb kao]n®v tNmZn®p: ""\n߃ {]hmNI\p- amWv.
ambn X¿°Ønte¿s∏Smdpt≠m?'' Ah¿ ]d™p: D≠v! ]Xns\m∂v kv{XoIƒ IqSnbncp∂v XßfpsS `¿Øm°-
Rm≥ tNmZn®p: ""\n߃ At±ltØmSv K¿∆n®v ]I¬ ∑mcpsS hntij߃ ]d™ Hcp kw`hw _pJmcnbn¬
apgpht\mfw ]nWßn amdnbncn°mdpt≠m?'' Ah¿ ]d™p: ImWmw. AXn¬ DΩp kdA Xs‚ `¿Ømhns\ kw_‘n-
D≠v! Rm≥ ]d™p: ""Aßs\ sNøp∂h¿°v \miw! ®v {]iwkn®psIm≠ncp∂p. Ah¿ ]d™p: ""Rm≥ Fs∂
{]hmNI≥ tIm]n°pI hgn A√mlphns‚ tIm-]Øn\v kvt\ln°p∂Xnt\°mƒ Gsd kvt\ln°pamdv At±lw
A¿lcmIpsa∂Xn¬ \n߃°v `bant√? \nß-fpsS \miw (A_o kdA) Fs‚ lrZbw IogS°n°-f-™p...'' Ahcp-
ASpØncn°p∂p! A√mlphns‚ ZqXt\mSv X¿°n°mXn- sS kw`mjW߃ D≤cn® tijw \_n ]d™Xmbn
cn°pI, At±ltØmSv H∂pw Bhiys∏Sp-Ibpw AcpXv. Bbni ]dbp∂p: ""F\n°v \nt∂mSp≈ kvt\lhpw
\n߃s°s¥¶nepw Bhiyaps≠¶n¬ Ft∂mSv tNmZn- ASp-∏hpw A_o kdA bpsSbpw DΩp kd-AbpsSbpw
°pI.'' tijw Da¿ \_n bpsS ASp-ØpsN∂v At±l- Imcyw t]msebmWv.'' At∏mƒ Bbni ]d-™p: ""Fs‚
Øns‚ ho´n¬ \S∂ kw`hhpw k^nb bpambp≠mb amXm]nXm°tf°mƒ Xm¶ƒ F\n°v {]nb-s∏´h\mWv.
kw`mjWhpw Adnbn®p. CsX√mw tI´ \_n Nncn°pI- A_o kdA°v DΩp kdA tbmSp≈Xnt\-°mƒ IqSpX¬
bmWp≠mbXv.'' (_pJmcn, apkvenw, Xn¿-anZn, \nkmC) kvt\lhpw ASp∏hpap≈h\mWv Xm¶ƒ.'' (_pJmcnbnse
`£WhnjbØn¬ Ifnbm°epIfpw ]nW°ßfpsa- lZoYns‚ Bib hnh¿Ø\w)
√mw A\p`hnt°≠nhcp∂ ]Xv\nam¿ km[mcWamWv. {]Ya ]Xv\n JZoP bpsS acWtijhpw Akqbm¿l-
cpNnbpsS t]cn¬ `mcy D≠m°nb `£Ww Ign°msX amwhn[w AhtcmSp≈ kvt\lw \ne\n¿Øpambncp∂p
tlm´ens\ B{ibn®v ho´nse `£Ww ]mgm°n Ifbp∂ {]hmNI≥. JZoP bpsS kvt\lnXItfmSp≈ At±l-
kXyhnizmknIƒ \_nbpsS amXrI AhKWn°p∂- Øns‚ BZchv AXn\pZmlcWabn Bbni ]d™p-
hcmWv. Xcp∂p:
Pm_n¿ ]dbp∂p: ""Hcn°¬ \_n Xncpta\n Ahn- ""Hcn°¬ Hcp hr≤, {]hmNI≥ s‚ AcnIn¬ h∂p.
SpsØ ho´pItcmSv `£WØn¬ Iq´m≥ F¥mWp≈- At±lw AhtcmSv Nncn°pIbpw henb kvt\lmZchpIƒ
sX∂v tNmZn®p. kp¿° (hn\mKncn)b√msX \ΩpsS ]°¬ {]ISn∏n°pIbpw sNbvXpsIm≠v tNmZn®p: ""F¥m kpJ-
H∂pan√ F∂mbncp∂p adp]Sn. \_n kp¿° sIm≠p- at√? PohnX bm{Xb{Xbpw kpJIcambncp∂nt√?'' Ah¿
hcm≥ Bhiys∏SpIbpw AXpwIq´n `£Ww Ign°p∂Xn- ]d™p: ""AsX, F\n°v kpJamWv. Fs‚ amXm]nXm°-
\nsS Cßs\ ]d™p: ""kp¿° \√ IdnbmWv, kp¿° ƒ Xm¶ƒ°v _en, A√mlphns‚ ZqXtc.'' Ah¿ t]mbt∏m-
\√ IdnbmWv!'' (apkvenw) ƒ Bbni Xnc°n: ""a‰p≈h¿°v \¬Ip∂Xnt\-°mfpw
kvt\l{]IS\߃ lrZyambn Cu hr≤°v kzmKXacpfnbt√m Xm¶ƒ?'' {]hm-
kvt\lw {]ISn∏n°m\p≈X√ AXv a\ n¬ IpSnsIm- NI≥ ]d™p: ""JZoP Pohn®ncns° Ah¿ Rßsf
≈p∂ H∂mWv F∂ kzbwIrX BibØn¬ Ignbp∂ kµ¿in°pI ]Xnhmbncp∂p. kplrZv_‘ßsf BZcn-
BfpIƒ hncfa√. kvt\lsØ shdpw {]IS\am°nbhcpw °pI F∂Xv kXyhnizmkØns‚ Hcp `mKamsW∂v \n\-
Akv]¿iam°nbhcpw km[mcWw. {]Wb`mhßfpw °dnbnt√?'' (Xn¿anZn˛lk\mb lZoYv)
tN„Ifpw {]IS\ßfpsam∂pw C√mØ PohnIƒ C√ Bbni \nthZ\w: ""Rm≥ I≠n´p t]mepan√mØ
F∂nSØmWv B[p\nI ssPhimkv{XImc∑m¿ FØn- JZoP tbmS√msX as‰mcp kv{XotbmSpw F\n°v C{Xb-
2011 sabv 27
{]hmNI≥ bpsamØv Hcp bm{Xmthfbn¬ \_n sb Bbni
Hm´a’cØn\v sh√phnfn°pIbpw B a’cØn¬ Bbni
hnPbn°pIbpw sNbvXp. as‰mcp kµ¿`Øn¬ Ah¿ A¬]w XSn
IqSnb kabØv \_n bpambn HmSn a’cn°pIbpw AXn¬ \_n
hnPbn°pIbpw sNbvXp. At∏mƒ \_n ]d™p: ""CXv
]gbXn\p≈ ]IcamWv.''
2011 sabv 28
e°pIsf ASnÿm\am°n BkzZn°phm\pw ssZhw At∏mƒ \_n ]d™p: ""CXv ]gbXn\p≈ ]IcamWv.''
A\phmZw \¬Inbncn°p∂p. (\kmCu, A_qZmhqZv)
Bcm[\bn¬ AXncpIhnbp∂ coXnIsf {]hmNI≥ Bbni Xs∂ D≤cn°p∂ as‰mcp kw`hw IqSn.
hne°nbXn\v Ht´sd DZmlcW߃ ImWmw. A–p√m- A_vko\nb°m¿ ]≈nbn¬ Ifn®psIm≠ncp∂t∏mƒ
lv C_v\p Awdv C_v\p Bkzv s‚ AXncpIS∂ Bcm[- \_n Fs‚ hmXn¬°¬ \n∂v AhnSpsØ X´wsIm≠v
\Isf kw_‘n®v Adn™ {]hmNI≥ At±ltØmSv F\n°v adbn´pXcnIbp≠mbn. AhnSpsØ sNhn°pw
tNmZn®p: ""Xm¶ƒ cm{Xnapgph≥ \akvIcn°pIbpw ]I¬ Npaen\panSbneqsSbmWv Rm≥ B Ifn I≠psIm≠ncp-
kabw t\mº\pjvTn°pIbpw sNøp∂Xv ]Xnhm°nbXm- ∂Xv. F\n°v I≠p aXnbmIpthmfw At±lw AhnsS
bn Rm≥ tIƒ°p∂pht√m? A–p√mlv ]d™p: ""AXv Xs∂ \n∂p. BIbm¬ hnt\mZØns‚ ImcyØn¬ sNdp∏-
kXyamWv A√mlphns‚ ZqXtc! {]hmNI≥ At±l- °mcnIfpsS a\xÿnXn \n߃ ]cnKWn°pI.'' (_pJmcn,
tØmSv ]d™p: A{]Imcw sNøcpXv. t\mº\pjvTn°p- apkvenw)
Ibpw AXv apdn°pIbpw sNøpI. \akvIcn°pIbpw Dd-
DØchmZnXz \n¿∆lWhpw AhImi kwc£Whpw
ßpIbpw sNøpI. ImcWw Xm¶fpsS icoctØmSv Xm¶ƒ-
kv{Xo ]pcpj∑m¿°v AhchcpsS {]IrXn°\pkcn®v \¬-
°v _m[yXbp≠v, Xm¶fpsS IÆpItfmSv Xm¶ƒ°v _m[y-
IpIbmWv Ckvemw sNbvXn´p≈Xv.
Xbp≠v. Xm¶fpsS ]Xv\ntbmSv Xm¶ƒ°v _m[yXbp≠v,
Xm¶fpsS AXnYnItfmSpw Xm¶ƒ°v _m[yXbp≠v.'' \_n ]d™p: ""\nßsf√mhcpw `cWm[nImcnIfpw
(_pJmcn, apkvenw) AhchcpsS `cWobscIpdn®v tNmZyw sNøs∏Sp∂hcp-
amWv. Aao¿ `cWm[nImcnbmWv. Hmtcm ]pcpj\pw Ahs‚
DØcmhmZnXzßfn¬ \n∂v Hfnt®mSm≥ `‡nsb Hcp
ho´n¬ `cWw \StØ≠h\mWv. kv{Xo `¿Xr KrlØns‚-
adbm°p∂ coXn hnizmkt`Zat\y ImWp∂ H∂t{X.
bpw k¥XnIfpsSbpw `cWm[nImcnbmWv. At∏mƒ \nß-
F∂m¬ CkvemanIamb A[ym]\w CXn\p hncp≤amWv.
ƒ HmtcmcpØcpw `cWm[nImcnIfpw AhcpsS {]PIsf
\_n ]d™p: ""A√mlphns‚ {]oXn Imw£n®psIm- kw_‘n®v DØchmZnXzap≈hcpamWv . '' (_pJmcn,
≠v \n߃ Fs¥m∂v sNehgn®mepw, \nßfpsS `mcybpsS apkvenw)
hmbn¬ h®psImSp°p∂ Hcp Dcpfbmbncp∂mepw icn,
IpSpw_sa∂ ÿm]\Øns‚ A\nhmcyX hnkvacn°-
A√mlp \nßfpsS kz¿KØnse ]Zhn AXp \nanØw
s∏Sp∂ Cu ImeL´Øn¬ kmaqlnI {]Xn_≤Xbp≈
Db¿Øp∂XmWv.'' (_pJmcn, apkvenw)
Ghcpw AXv kpi‡ambpw BtcmKyIcambpw kwÿm]n-
{]hmNI≥ aplΩZv \_n X\n®pw ]Xv\namtcmsSm- °phm≥ Ahncmaw A[zm\n°m≥ _m[yXbp≈hcmWv.
Øpsa√mw hnt\mZßfn¬ G¿s∏SpIbpw BkzZn°pIbpw
""kXyhnizmknItf, kztZlßsfbpw \nßfpsS
sNbvXncp∂p. Bbni bn¬ \n∂v bkoZv C_v≥ dpam≥
_‘p°sfbpw a\pjycpw I√pIfpw C‘\ambn´p≈
\nthZ\w sNbvX Hcp kw`hw AXn\pZmlcWamWv.
\cImKv\nbn¬ \n∂v \n߃ ImØpc£n°pI. AXns‚
{]hmNI≥ bpsamØv Hcp bm{Xmthfbn¬ \_n sb ta¬t\m´Øn\v ]cpjkz`mhap≈hcpw AXniIvX≥amcp-
Ah¿ Hm´ a’cØn\v sh√phnfn°pIbpw B a’cØn¬ amb ae°pIfp≠mbncn°pw. A√mlp AhtcmSv I¬]n®
Bbni hnPbn°pIbpw sNbvXp. as‰mcp kµ¿`Øn¬ ImcyØn¬ Aht\mSh¿ A\pkcWt°Sv ImWn°pI-
Ah¿ A¬]w XSn IqSnb kabØv \_n bpambn HmSn bn√. AhtcmSv I¬]n°s∏Sp∂Xv F¥pw Ah¿ {]h¿Øn-
a’cn°pIbpw AXn¬ \_n hnPbn°pIbpw sNbvXp. °pIbpw sNøpw.'' (66:6)
2011 sabv 29
apl-ΩZv \_n sb Adn-bpI
]T-\-˛-Izn-kv-˛-{]-_‘ a¬k-c-߃
2011 Pq¨-˛-Un-kw-_¿
1. 2011 Pq¨ apX-¬ Unkw-_¿ h-sc-bp≈ Ggp-am-ksØ kvt\l-kw-hmZw amkn-I-bn¬ \_n -sb-°p-
dn®p≈ teJ-\-߃ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°pw. {]kvXpX teJ-\-߃ www.muhammadnabi.info, www.snehasam
vadam.com F∂o sh_vssk-‰p-I-fnepw e`y-am-bncn°pw.
2. Hmtcm -am-k-sØbpw teJ-\-߃ a\- n-cpØn hmbn-°p-∂-hsc DtZ-in-®p-sIm-≠p-≈-XmWv a¬k-c-߃. Hmtcm
e°-Ønepw {]kn-≤o-I-cn® teJ-\-ßsf Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bp≈ Hcp tNmZym-hen ASpØ e°w kvt\l-kw-hm-
Z-Øn¬ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°pw. teJ-\-߃ IrXy-am-bn- hmbn-°p-∂-h¿°v Ffp-∏-Øn¬ adp-]-Sn-sb-gp-Xm≥ Ign-bp-∂-
h-bm-bn-cn°pw tNmZy-߃. {]kvXpX tNmZy-°-S-emkv Hmtcm- am-khpw H∂mw Xn-øXn www.muhammadnabi.info,
www.snehasamvadam.com F∂o sh_vssk-‰p-I-fnepw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°pw. H∂mw Xnø-Xn-°p- apºv amknI e`n-
°m-Ø-h¿°v sh_vssk-‰p-Isf B{i-bn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
3. Hmtcm e°-Øn-sebpw teJ-\-ßsf Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bp≈ tNmZy-߃ ASp-Ø-e-°-Ønse kvt\l-kw-hm-Z-Øn-
emWp-≠m-hpI; ASp-Ø-amkw H∂mw XnøXn sh_vssk-‰p-I-fn-eq-sSbpw CXv e`n-°pw. Cu tNmZy-߃°p≈
DØ-c-߃ {]kvXpX amkw Ggmw Xnø-Xn-°Iw AXn¬ sImSp-Øn-´p≈ hnem-k-Øn¬ FØn-°p-Itbm
sh_vssk-‰n-ep≈ hnem-k-Øn¬ Ab-°p-Itbm sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. Hmtcm amkhpw 7mw XnøXn C¥y≥ kabw
cm{Xn 7 aWn-hsc e`n-°p∂ DØ-c-߃ am{Xta a¬k-c-Øn-\mbn ]cn-K-Wn-°p-I-bp-≈q.
4. icn-bp-Øcw Ab-°p-∂-h-cn¬ \n∂v \dps°Sp∏n-eq-sS-bmWv hnP-bn-Isf Xocp-am-\n-°p-I. em]vtSm-∏p-Iƒ,
samss_¬ t^mWp-Iƒ, kz¿Wm-`-c-W-߃, Ce-Ivt{Sm-Wn°v D]-I-c-W-߃, ]pkvX-I-߃ XpSßn \nc-h[n
kΩm-\-߃ hnP-bn-Iƒ°v \¬Ip-∂-Xm-Wv. Hmtcm e°-Øn-sebpw kΩm-\-߃ Fs¥m-s°-bm-sW∂v AXm-
Xp-e-°-ß-fnse kvt\l-kw-hm-Z-ß-fn¬ hmbn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
5. apkvenwIƒ°pw Aap-kvenw-Iƒ°pw ]co-£-bn¬ ]s¶Sp°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ Aap-kvenw-Iƒ°v {]tXy-
I-amb kΩm-\-߃ \¬Ipw. hni-Z-hn-h-c-߃ AXXp e°-ß-fnse kvt\l-kw-hm-Z-Øn¬ hmbn-°m-hp-∂-XmWv.
6. k-Ωm-\m¿l-cpsS t]cv kvt\l-kw-hm-Z-Øn¬ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°pw. \n®v Hm^v {SqØv kwL-Sn-∏n-°p∂ s]mXp-th-
Zn-I-fn¬ sh®m-bn-cn°pw kΩm-\-߃ hnX-cWw sNøp-I.
7. Ggp- e-°-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ tNmZy-ß-tfmSv {]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂-hsc ]s¶-Sp-∏n-®p-sIm≠v Hcp Hm¨sse≥ Iznkv a¬kcw
2012 s^{_p-hcn amk-Øn¬ kwL-Sn-∏n-°pw. AXnse hnP-bn-Iƒ°v tamt´m¿ ss_°p-Iƒ, kvIq´-dp-Iƒ, kz¿Wm-
`-c-W-߃, ]pkvX-I-߃ F∂n-h-bmWv kΩm-\-ß-fmbn \¬IpI. CXnepw ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ Aap-kvenw-Iƒ°v
{]tXyI kΩm-\-߃ \¬Ipw. hni-Z-hn-h-c-߃ kvt\l-kw-hm-Z-Øn¬ \n∂v hmbn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
8. Ggp -e-°-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ tNmZy-ß-tfmSv {]Xn-I-cn-°p∂ Fgp-Xm≥ Ignhp-≈-h¿°mbn 2012 am¿®v amk-Øn¬ Hcp
{]_-‘-a¬kcw kwL-Sn-∏n-°pw. G‰hpw \√ {]_-‘-Øn\v Hcp ImdmWv kΩm-\-ambn \¬Ip-I. tamt´m¿
ss_°p-Iƒ, kvIq´-dp-Iƒ, B`-cW - ß
- ƒ, ]pkvXI - ß
- ƒ XpSßnb kΩm-\ß- f
- p-ap-≠m-hp- w. hni-Zh
- n-hc
- ß
- ƒ kvt\l-
kw-hm-ZØ
- n¬ {]kn-≤o-Ic- n-°pw, C≥im A√m-l.v
]T-\-Øn\pw ]co-£bv°pw a¬k-c-Øn-\p-ambn Hcp-ßp-I. 2011 Pq¨ apX¬ Unkw-_¿ hsc-bp≈
"kvt\l-kw-hmZ' e°-߃ apS-ßmsX hmbn-°p-I; {]Xn-I-cn-°p-I. \_n- sb Adn-bm\pw Adn-bn-
°phm\pw Aßs\ B alZv hy‡n-Xz-tØm-sSm∏w kz¿K-Øn¬ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-Sp-hm-\pw, \mYm... \o Rßsf
A\p-{K-ln-t°-W-ta... (B-ao≥)
2011 sabv 30
"\m-kvXn-I-\mb ssZhw' F∂ IrXn-bpsS Jfi\w - -˛-- - -`-- mKw 8
2011 sabv 32
cmdm-Wv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. hf¿∂ph-cp∂ Ip´n-Iƒ°v b-am-sW∂v kmam\yhnh-c-sa-¶n-ep-ap≈ B¿°pw {Kln-°m-
ImWm\pw tIƒ°m\pw IÆpw ImXpw sh®p-]n-Sn-∏n-°Ww \m-hpw.
F∂ hmZ-Ønse Xam-i-bpsS Bgw Ipd-s®m-∂p-a-√t√m! \nco-izc a\-xim-kv{X-⁄-cn¬ {]ap-J-\m-b- Um-\n-b¬
{KŸ-Im-cs‚ Cu hnh-cWw t\m°q: ""P\-߃ CØ- sU\-‰n-s‚ ho£Ww ]cm-a¿in-®p-sIm≠v {KŸIm-c≥ Ipdn-
c-Øn¬ F¥n\ptaXn\pw ssZh-Øn-te°v Xncn-bp-∂-Xn\v °p∂p: ""...Um≥sU-\‰v (Dan Dennet) kqNn-∏n-°p-∂t- ]mse
Hcp am\-kn-Ih - iw IqSn-bp-s≠-∂mWv ]cn-Wma a\-xim-kv{X- "hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cmWv' (Believing in Be-
⁄-\mb sP. B-≥tU-gvk¨ tXmwks‚ (J.Anderson lieving) `qcn-]-£-hpw, ]e¿°pw aX-hn-izmkw Hcp `mctam
Thomson) A`n-{]mbw. At±-l-Øn-s‚- \n-co-£W Øn¬ _m[y-Xtbm B-Wv.''(32)
F¥n-t‚bpw Imc-W-ambn Hcp hy‡n cq]sØ (Persones ""hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v'' hnizmkw
Agent) k¶¬∏n°m-\p≈ hy{KX a\p-jy-a-\- n-\p-≠v.''(29) Bbm-k-c-ln-X-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xt√ bmYm¿Yyw? "hniz-kn-
F¥n-\p-ta-Xn\pw ssZh-Øn-te°v Xncn-bp-∂Xv a\p-jy- °p-∂-Xn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿'°v hnizmkw `mctam _m[y-
a-\ n-s‚ kl-P-amb hy{K-X -sIm-≠m-sW-¶n¬ aX-hn- Xtbm Bbn-cn°n-s√∂pw hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn¬ hniz-kn-°m-
izmkw \njv°f-¶hpw kzm`m-hn-I-hp-amb a\pjykz`m-h- Ø-h¿°mWv hnizmkw `mchpw _m[y-X-bp-am-Ip-∂Xv
am-sW-∂mWv sXfn-bp∂-Xv. F∂pw {Kmly-am-Im≥ kmam-\y-a-\x-im-kv{X-⁄m\w aXn.
as‰m-cn-SØv {KŸ-Im-c≥ Ipdn-°p∂p: ""aXw ]m¿iz-^- ]t£ \nco-iz-c-_p-≤n-Po-hn-I-fpsS hmIy-߃ kz_p≤n
e-ambn ImWp-∂h - c
- n¬ {]ap-J\ - mWv a\x-im-kv{X-⁄≥ IqSn- ]W-bs - ∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v ]I¿Øn-sh-°m≥am{Xw ioen-®m¬
bmb t]mƒ ªpw (Paul Blum). Ip´n-I-fpsS a\- n¬ kl-P- Cu sshcp-[y-ß-sfm∂pw a\- n-em-In-√.
amb Hcp ssZzX`m-h-ap-s≠∂v At±lw ]d-bp-∂p. c≠mbn aXw: A¿l-X-sIm≠v AXn-Po-hn®p?
ImWm-\p≈ a\p-jy-a-\- ns‚ kzm`m-hn-I-Xz-c-bmWv ssZzX-
kwkvIm-c-ß-fpsS Bcw-`-Imew apXte aXw Pohn-X-
`mhw (Dualism) F∂-Xp-sIm≠v At±lw A¿Y-am-°p-∂-
Øns‚ ka-kvX-ta-J-e-I-sfbpw kzm[o-\n-®p-sIm≠v \ne-
Xv. aXw AØcw ssZzX-`m-hØn-¬\n-∂mWv cq]w sIm≈p-
\n¬°p-∂p. \n-co-iz-c-˛-`u-Xn-I-hm-Zm-[n-jvTnX B[p-\nI
∂Xv.''(30)
imkv{X-˛-km-t¶-XnI kw-kvImcw k¿hm-bp-[-k-÷-ambn
a\p-jy\v P∑-\m-bp-≈Xpw {]Ir-Xn-]-c-hp-amb ssZzX- aXsØ \in-∏n-°m≥ {ian-®n´pw C∂pw aXw kPo-h-am-Wv.
`m-hØn-¬\n∂pw XnI®pw kzm`m-hn-I-ambn cq]w-sIm-≈p- tkmjy-en-Ã˛v- I - a
- yq-WnÃv cmjv{S-߃ \nco-iz-ch - mZw HutZym-
∂-XmWv aXsa-¶n¬ \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ C°m-e-a-{Xbpw aX- KnI {]Xy-b-im-kv{X-am°n GXm\pw ZiI-߃ \ne-\n-s∂-
sØ-∏‰n {]N-cn-∏n°p-∂-sX√mw Aim-kv{Xo-b-am-bn-cp∂p ¶nepw XI¿∂p-ho-Wp. Ahn-sS-sb√mw aX-hnizm-kw Xncn-
F∂mWv sXfn-bp-∂X - v. \nco-iz-ch
- mZw Xs∂bpw s]mXp-hmb ®p-h∂- p. Um¿hn≥ kn≤m-¥{- ]-Imcw A¿l-Xb - p-≈tX AXn-
Cu a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn°v hncp-≤-amb Z¿i-\-am-sW∂pw sXfn- Po-hn-°q. Cu kn≤m-¥-Øn¬ tUm°n≥kn\v Aev]-sa¶n-
bp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv F√m kw-kvIm-c-ßfpw aXm-fl-I- epw hnizm-k-ap-s≠-¶n¬ aXw F√m {]Xn-Iqe kml-N-cy-
ambncp∂-Xv. \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ Ncn-{X-Øn-epS-\ofw A]-hm- ßsf-bpw AXn-Po-hn-®Xv A¿l-X-bp-≈-Xp-sIm-≠m-sW∂v
Z-ß-fm-b-Xv. kΩ-Xn°p-tam? Ncn-{X-Øn¬ \qdp-IW - °n\v kwkvIm-cß - ƒ
krjvSn-hmZw a\p-jy-k-lPw? D≠m-sb-¶nepw H∂p-t]mepw \nco-iz-c-hm-Zm-[n-jvTn-X-am-Im-
t]mƒ ªpans‚ Is≠-Ø-ep-Iƒ Xs‚ hmZ-߃°v Xn-cp-∂Xv \nco-iz-ch - m-ZØ
- n\v AXn-Po-h\ - t- i-jn-bn-√m-Øp-Xp-
A\p-Iq-e-am-sW∂ I]-S-\m-Sy-tØm-sS-bmWv {KŸ-Im-c≥ sIm-≠m-sW∂pw kΩ-Xn-°ptam? aXw {]Ir-Xn-]-c-am-sW-
Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. bmYm¿Yy-am-I-s´, \nco-iz-c-hm-Z-Øns‚ ∂-Xns‚ G‰hpw henb sXfnhv F°m-eØpw hnizmkw
ASn-Ø-d -X-I¿-Øp-I-f-bp∂ D≈-S-°amWv ªpw F∂ a\x- AXn-Po-h\w t\Sn F∂-Xp X - s∂-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ tUm°n-
im-kv{X-⁄s‚ \nco-£-W-߃°v. {KŸ-Im-c≥ Fgp-Xn- ≥kv Hcp ss[j-WnI Ipcp-°n¬s]-Sp∂p: aXw ]mgvthebpw
bXv t\m°q: ""krjvSn-hm-Z-tØmSv kl-P-amb B`n-apJyw {]tbm-P\ - i
- q-\y-hp-am-sW-¶n¬ F¥p-sIm-≠Xv AXn-Po-hn®p?
tXm∂p∂ coXn-bn-emWv (Innately predisposed to creation- (tUm°n≥kv Fgp-Xp∂p: Religion is so wasteful, so extrava-
ism) a\p-jy-cpsS Xe-t®m¿ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-sX-∂mWv ªpan- gant, and Darwinian Selection habitually targets and elimi-
s‚ A`n-{]m-bw. AXm-bXv "F√mw Btcm D≠m-°n-sh®p' nates waste)(33)
F∂p k¶¬∏n-°m-\p≈ ssZzX-t_m-[-amWv an-° a\p- {KŸ-Im-c≥ {]iv\w Ah-Xc - n-∏n-°p-∂Xv Cß-s\-bmWv:
jy¿°p-ap-≈-Xv.''(31) ""aX-an-√msX a\p-jy\v XnI™ am\-kn-I-˛-im-co-cnI £a-
ChnsS Db-cp∂ {]k-‡-amb tNmZy-an-XmWv? t]mƒ X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw Pohn®p t]mIm≥ XS- -an-√. aX-Po-hn-X-
ªpw, Unt_mdm Io¬am≥, tXmwk¨ XpS-ßnb {]ikvX am-Is´ ]eXpw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Pohn-X-Øns‚ \ne-
a\-xim-kv{X-⁄-cpsS aX-t_m[w a\p-jy-cpsS kl-P-hm- hmcw CSn-°p-Ibpw sN-øp-∂p. {]IrXn IWn-i-°m-c-\mb
k-\-bm-sW∂ I-s≠-Ø-emtWm ]n¿knKv F∂ at\m-hn- Hcp IW-s°-gp-Øp-Im-c-\mWv. bmsXmcp hn[-Øn-ep≈
{`m-¥n-°m-cs‚ P¬]\-ß-fmtWm {KŸ-Im-c\v IqSp-X¬ [q¿Øpw A\m-hi - y-sN-ehpw AX\p-hZn-°n√. F°m-eØpw
kzoImcyw? \n¿Zb-ambn {]IrXn AXmWv sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-bn¬ Dƒt®¿∂ kl-P-amb Hcp khn- Hcp hiØv tami-am-bh Xnc-kvIc - n-®v, \√Xv kzoI-cn®v Pohn-
tij-Xsb Im]-Sy-sa∂p hnfn-°p-∂Xv XnI®pw Aim-kv{Xo- h¿KØns‚ AXn-Po-h-\-ti-jn-bpsS aq¿® Iq´p-∂p. adp-h-
2011 sabv 33
iØv {]Ir-Xn-bp-ambn CW-ßn-t]m-Im≥ ®n-S-tØmfw aXw AXn-Po-hn-°-s∏-´Xv Hcp {]iv\w Xs∂-bm-Wv. At±-l-
Ign-bm-Øh-sb Ime-{I-a-Øn¬ \o°w Øns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-W-an-XmWv: ""sU-\‰v A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂-t]m-se aXm\p-
sNøp-∂p. Hcp h\y-arKw A\m-h-iy-amb jvTm\w ]cn-Wm-a-hm-Zn-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw kq-cy{]Imi-Øn¬ hnS¿-
Hcp {]hr-Øn-bp-ambn apt∂m-´p-t]m-bm¬ ∂m-Sp∂ B¨ abn-ens‚ hmep-t]m-sebm-Wv (Religious rituals stand like
{]Ir-Xn F¥mWp sNøp-∂Xv? ka-bhpw peacock in a sunlight glade)''(35)
Du¿÷hpw IqSp-X¬ ^e-{]-Z-ambn sNe- A{X°v at\m-l-c-amtWm aX-sa∂v hy‡-am-t°-≠Xv sU\-‰v Xs∂-
hn-Sp∂ FXn-cmfn Pohn-h¿K-Øns‚ AXn- bmW.v C\n, B¨a-bn-ens‚ hmen\v bmsXmcp {]tbmP-\hpw AXn-Po-h-\-
Poh-\-Øn\pw {]P-\\-Øn\pw klm-b-I- Øn¬ Cs√∂ ]cn-Wma Bi-ba - mImw sU\‰v B[m-ca - m-°p-∂X- v. Cu hmZw
c-amb kml-N-cy-sam-cp°pw. Npcp-°-Øn¬, A_-≤-am-sW∂v {KŸ-Im-cs‚ hcn-Iƒ Xs∂ sXfn-bn-°p∂p: ""hmen-eqsS
cq-£-amb {]tbm-P-\-hm-Z-amWv (Utilitarian- B¨abn¬ kzbw ]c-ky-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. AXv B¨ abn-ens‚ hy‡n-
ism) {]IrXn\n¿[m-c-WØns‚ ImX¬. Xz-Øns‚ s]mena Iq´p-Ibpw AXn-\v hyXn-cn-‡X kΩm-\n-°p-Ibpw sN-
]ns∂ F¥p-sIm≠v aXw?''(34) øp-∂p. CWsb BI¿jn-°p∂ Imcy-Ønepw henb ]¶m-WXv hln-°p-
\nco-iz-ch- m-Zn-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-St- Øm- ∂-Xv.''(36)
fw ""]ns∂ F¥p-sIm-≠v aXw?'' F∂Xv aXw a\p-jy-hy-‡n-Xz-Øns‚ ""s]men-a Iq´p-Ibpw AXn\v hyXn-cn-‡X
{]tl-fn-I-Xs∂ bmImsX \nhr-Øn-bn-√. kΩm-\n-°p-Ibpw'' sNøp-∂p-sh-∂t√ Um\n-b¬ sU\-‰ns‚ hm°p-Iƒ
F∂m¬ aX-hn-izm-kn-Isf kw_-‘n-®n-S- sXfn-bn-°p-∂Xv?
tØmfw CXn¬ bmsXm-cp ka-ky-bp-an-√.
aXw F¥p-sIm≠v AXn-Po-hn®p F∂ N¿®-°nsS {KŸ-Im-c≥ Fgp-
ImcWw ""]ns∂ F¥p-sIm≠v'' aXw F∂
Xp∂p: ""Imc-W-an-√msX H∂pw \ne-\n¬°p-∂n-√. \ap-°Xv Is≠-Øm-\m-
{]iv\ta Db-cp-∂n-√. {]tbm-P-\-hm-Z-amWv
bn-´n-s√-∂Xv hnj-b-a√.''(37) {KŸ-Im-c\v Is≠-Øm-\m-bn-´n-s√-¶nepw aXw
{]IrXn-\n¿[m-cWØn-s‚ ImX¬ F∂-Xp-
\ne-\n-∂-Xn\pw \nco-iz-c-hmZw \ne-\n¬°mXn-cp-∂-Xn\pw {]Ir-Xn-]-c-amb
sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bmWv aXw AXn-Pohn-°-
Imc-W-ß-fp-≠-s∂¶n-epw AwKo-I-cn-°pI!
s∏´-Xpw \ncoizc-hm-Zß - ƒ Iqº-S™
- p-t]m-
bXpw! aX-sØ-∏‰n {KŸ-Im-c≥ sI´n-®a - ® ""sU\‰v Pe-tZm-j-tØm-SmWv aXsØ Xmc-Xayw sNøp-∂Xv'' F∂v
ta¬h-cn-I-fnse [mc-W-I-sf√mw A_-≤- {KŸ-Im-c≥ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p.(38) aXw C-{X°v eLp-hmb Hckp-J-am-sWt∂
am-sW-∂p-IqSn CXn¬\n∂pw sXfn-bp-∂p. sU\-‰n\v A`n-{]m-b-ap-≈q-sh-∂¿Yw! F∂m-¬ \nco-iz-c-hmZw Iym≥k-dn-
aX-an-√msX a\p-jy\v XnI™ am\-kn-I- t\-°mƒ amc-Ia - m-sW∂v A`n-{]mb-s∏-´h - c- p-≠v. ImcWw aqey-ßf - n¬ hnizm-
˛-im-co-cn-I£
- a- X- t- bm-sSbpw B\-µt- ØmsS- k-an-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ AXv a\p-jy-XzsØ apgp-h≥ Im¿∂v Xn∂p-sas{X!
bpw Pohn-°m-\m-hn-√. aXsØ ssIsh-Sn- A¿l-X-bp-≈tX AXn-Po-hn°q F∂ ]cn-Wm-a-X-Øz-{]-Imcw aXw
™ B[p-\nI ImeL´-Øn-emWv am\-kn- AXn-Po-hn-®Xv A¿l-X-bp-≈-Xp-sIm-≠m-sW∂v hy‡-amb-t√m. ]cn-Wm-a-
I-tcm-K-ßfpw Bfl-l-Xy-Ifpw h¿[n-®Xv Øns‚ as‰mcp XØzw {KŸ-Im-c≥ Nq≠n-°m-´p∂-Xv t\m°q: ""sNdnb thZ-
F∂ h-kvXpX C°mcyw sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. \-t]mepw Hgn-hm-°m-\mbn F¥p thW-sa-¶nepw sNøm≥ \ΩpsS ico-cw
imco-cn-I-tcm-K-߃ apºp≈-Xn-t\-°mƒ Xøm-dmhpw. {]IrXn\n¿[mc-Ww thZ\ (Pain)-sb, AsX{X sNdp-Xm-bn-cp-
F{Xtbm Cc-´n-bmWv C∂p-≈Xv! [q¿Øpw ∂m¬t]mepw Poh-\p-t\¿°p≈ Hcp `oj-Wn-bm-bn-´mWv (Tocken of life threat-
A\mh-iy-sN-ehpw Ncn-{X-Øn¬ G‰hpw ening body damage) hnebncp-Øp-I. AXn-\m¬ GXp-hn-t[-\bpw thZ\
h¿[n® tXmXn-ep-≠m-bXv aX-ap-‡-amb Hgn-hm-°m≥ {ian-°-W-sa∂ coXn-bn-emWv icocw ]cnWan-®p-≠m-bn-cn-°p-
B[p-\n-I-Im-e-Øm-sW∂v [\-imkv{X ∂-Xv.''(39) {KŸ-Im-cs‚ Cu hmZw icn-bm-sW-¶n¬ thZ-\m-P-\-I-amb H∂pw
Ncn{Xw sXfn-bn-°p-∂p-≠v. \nco-iz-c-˛-`u-Xn- a\p-jy¿°n-S-bn¬ AXn-Po-hn-°-s∏-SpI-bn-√. kt¥m-jhpw kam-[m-\hpw
I-hmZ kwkv°m-csØ {]Ir-Xn-sh-®p-s]m- Bizm-khpw \¬Ip-∂tX a\p-jy¿°n-S-bn¬ AXn-Po-h\w t\Sp-I-bp-≈q.
dp-∏n-°m-Ø-Xn\v Cu Imc-W-߃ Xs∂ aXw kt¥m-jhpw kam-[m-\hpw Bizm-k-hp-amWv a\p-jy¿°v \¬Ip-∂-
[mcm-f-at√? "C-t°m-Wan' F∂ hm°ns‚ sX∂v aX-Øns‚ AXn-Po-h\w sXfn-bn-°p-∂nt√? \nco-iz-c-hmZw a\pjy¿-
A¿Yw Xs∂ "[q¿Øv H´pw Xs∂bn-√m- °n-S-bn¬ A-Xn-Po-hn-°m-Xn-cp-∂-Xn\v ImcWw AXv t¢ihpw thZ-\bpw Zpcn-
ØXv' F-∂m-Wv. F∂m¬ B[p\nI `uXn- Xhpw ]oU\hpw \¬Ip-∂X - p-sIm-≠m-sW∂pw CXn¬\n∂p sXfn-bp-∂nt√?
Im-[n-jvTnX apXem-fnØ kºZvhyhÿ AXn-\m¬ {KŸ-Im-cs‚ Cu \nco-£-W-߃ ]cn-Wm-a-kn-≤m-¥-{]-
Ncn-{X-Ønse G‰hpw [q¿Øv \nd™ Imcw Xs∂ ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-Xhpw Aim-kv{Xo-b-hpam-Wv: ""ssii-h-Øn¬
kºZv h yh- ÿ - b m- W v . AXp- s Im- ≠ mWv Xs∂ am\-kn-Ihpw imco-cn-I-hp-amb ]oU\-ØneqsS aXw a\p-jy-a-\-kn-
Pohn-X-Øne anX-Xzhpw a\- -am-[m-\hpw ep-≠m-°p∂ `bhpw hn{`m-¥nbpw NnX-bn¬am-{Xta kwkv°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-
{]Zm\w sNøp∂ aXsØ {]IrXn kzoI- ≈q.''(40) CØcw ]oU\-߃ \nco-iz-ch - m-Za- mWv a\pjykaq-lØ - n\v G¬∏n-
cn®-Xpw \nco-iz-c-hm-ZsØ F°m-eØpw °p-∂sX-∂pw AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ncn-{X-]-c-ambn \nco-iz-cm-i-b-߃ kaql-
]m¿iz-h¬°-cn®v HXp°nb-Xpw. Øn¬ \n∂pw Hgn-hm-°-s∏-´-sX∂pw {KŸ-Im-cs‚ Xs∂ ]cnWm-a-X-Øz-
CØcw bmYm¿Yy-߃ AwKo-I-cn- {]-Imcw sXfn-bp-∂nt√?
°mØ \nco-izc XØz-Nn-¥-I-\mbn Adn- aXw a\p-jy¿°v Bizmkw \¬Ip∂p F∂ kn≤m-¥sØ hne-bn-cp-
b-s∏-Sp∂ Um\n-b¬ sU\-‰ns\ kw_-‘n- Øm≥ {]ikvX ]cn-Wma a\-xim-kv{X-⁄\ - mb Ãoh≥ ]n¶-dpsS klmbw
2011 sabv 34
{KŸ-Im-c≥ {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv ImWp-I: ""Ãoh≥
]n¶¿ lu Z ssa‚ v h¿Ivkv F∂ Xs‚ IrXnbn¬ kam-
izm-k-kn-≤m-¥sØ (consolation theory) C-ßs\ hni-Ie-
\w sNøp∂p: ""A_-≤-am-sW∂p hy‡-ambn Xncn-®-dn-bp∂
Imcy-ßf - n¬ hniz-kn-°m≥ a\- n-s\-ßs\ Ign-bp-∂p-sh∂
tNmZyw am{X-amWv bYm¿Y-Øn¬ kam-izmk kn≤m¥w
Db¿Øp-∂X - v. XWpØv ac-hn-°p∂ Hcmƒ Xs‚ ico-cØ - n\v
NqSp-s≠∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v bmsXm-cm-izm-khpw
t\Sp-∂n-√. Hcp knwlhp-ambn apJm-apJw FXn-cn-Sp∂ Hcmƒ
Xm≥ t\cn-Sp-∂Xv knwla√ apb-em-sW∂v hnizkn-®mepw
Abmƒ°v ka-Nn-ØX \ne-\n¿-Øm\mhn√.'' aXw kam-iz- ]-c-amb sXfn-hv Chn-sSbpw IΩn-bmWv'' F∂v {KŸ-Im-c≥
kn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh-∂Xv hnizm-kn-bpsS hy‡n-]-c-amb [mc-W- Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. {KŸ-Im-c≥ Nq≠n-°m-´nb ]cn-Wm-a-XØzw
am-{X-am-Wv.''(41) Xs∂ C°mcyw Ak-µnKv[ambn sXfn-bn-°p-∂p-sh-∂n-
{KŸ-Im-c≥ D≤-cn® Ãoh≥ ]n¶-dpsS hmN-I-߃ cns° a‰p sXfn-hp-Iƒ A\mh-iy-at√? ]cn-Wm-aX - Ø
- z-tØ-
{i≤n°p-I. XWpØ achn-°p∂ Hcmƒ Xs‚ ico-c-Øn\v °mƒ hen-sbmcp sXfn-hn¬ {KŸIm-c≥ hniz-kn-°p-
NqSp-s≠∂v hniz-kn-®-Xp-sIm-≠p-am{Xw bmsXmcp {]tbm- ∂pt≠m?
P-\h- p-an-s√-∂n-cns° Aßs\ hniz-kn-°m≥ Xøm-dm-hptam? ^etam ]m¿iz-^-etam?
knwlsØ apJm-apJw FXn-cn-Sp∂ Hcmƒ AXv apb-em- {KŸ-Im-cs‚ hm°p-Iƒ: ""]m¿iz-^-e-ßsf kw_-
sW∂v hniz-kn-®X - p-sIm≠v Imcy-an-s√∂v Adn-bm-sa-∂ns° ‘n® ]cn-Wm-a-k-¶¬]-߃ \nc-h-[n-bm-Wv. ]cn-Wm-a-im-
Aßs\ hniz-kn-°m≥ Xbm-dmIp-tam? Hcn-°-ep-an√ F∂v kv{X-Ønse {][m-\hn-jb - ß
- f
- n-sem-∂m-Wn-Xv. t\{Xw ImgvN-
hy‡-am-Wv. ico-cØ - n\v NqSp-s≠∂v km¶¬∏n-Ia - mbn hniz- °p-th≠n ]cn-W-an®p-≠m-b-Xp-t]m-se, NndIv ]d-°m-\mbn
kn®v XWp-∏-I-‰m≥ {ian-°p∂ a\p-jysc-tbm knwlsØ ]cn-W-an-®p-≠m-b-Xp-t]mse \ΩpsS F√m Ah-b-h-ßfpw
apb-embn k¶¬∏n®v c£-s∏-Sm≥ {ian°p-∂hsctbm kz`m-h-khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw AXn-Poh-\ ]≤ -¬ acp∂p Ign-
kmam\y a\p-jy¿°n-S-bn¬ \ap°v ImWm-\m-hn-√. CXmWv °p-∂X - n\v apºp-≠mb BZy tcmKtam? BZytØ-Xv ^ehpw
a\p-jy-cpsS s]mXpkz`m-h-sa-¶n¬ (hn-iz-kn-Iƒ- "aXw c≠m-a-tØXv ]m¿iz-^-e-hp-am-sW-∂mtWm? ^eam-bmepw
Bizm-ka - p-≠m-°p∂p' F∂v k¶¬]n®v C√mØ Bizmkw ]m¿iz-^-e-am-bmepw c≠pw tcmK-߃ Xs∂-bt√? acp∂v
D-s≠∂v A`n-\-bn°pIbmsW∂v Fßs\ ]d-bm-\mhpw? Ign-°p-∂-Xn\v apºp-≠mb tcmKw \nco-iz-c-hm-Zhpw acp∂p
]n¶-dpsS hnhc-W-{]Im-cw "aXw Bizm-k-ap-≠m-°p∂p' Ign®-tijw ]m¿iz-^-e-sa-t∂mWw D≠mb tcmKw aX-hp-
F∂v a\p-jy≥ k¶¬]n-°m≥ Xbm-dm-hp-I-bn√ F∂mWv am-sW∂m-tWm {KŸ-Im-c≥ hnh-£n-®Xv? AtXm, {]tXy-
a\- n-em-°m-\m-hp∂-Xv. knwlsØ apb-embpw XWp-∏ns\ In-s®mcp hnh£-bp-an-√msX X´n-hn´ DZm-l-c-W-amtWm?
NqSmbpw k¶¬]n-°mØ P\-߃ aXw Bizmkw Xcp∂p
F∂v k¶¬]n°m\pw Xbmdm-hn-√. bYm¿Y Bizmkw aX- DZm-l-cWw \¬Ip-∂Xv Bi-b-Øn\v IqSp-X¬ hy‡-
Øn¬ \n∂pw e`n-°p-∂X - p-sIm≠m-IWw Ah¿ aXw kzoIm- X-bp-≠m-Im-\m-Wv. {KŸ-Im-c≥ \¬Ip∂ DZm-l-c-W-ß-fm-
cy-ambn IW-°m-°p-∂Xv F∂m-WnXn-¬\n∂pw sXfn-bp-∂- Is´ Bi-bkv]-jvS-X-b√ ¢njvS-X-bm-Wp-≠m-°p-∂Xv!
Xv. AXn-\m¬ Ãoh≥ ]n¶-dpsS tNmZyw hymP-amWv (pseudo). kwhm-Z-߃ km[y-amWv
aXw a\p-jy\v Bizmkw \¬Ip-Ib - n√ F∂ ]sØm-ºXmw Bi-b-kv]-jvS-X- am-{X-a√ temIØv \S-°p∂ Imcy-
\q‰m-≠nse `uXn-I-hmZ [mc-W-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv ß-sf∏-‰n Bi-b-߃ t]mepw C√m-Ø-bm-fmWv {KŸ-Im-
]n¶-dns‚ tNmZy-ap-b-cp-∂-Xv. hkvXp-X-I-fp-ambn kn≤m¥w c-s\∂v hy‡-am-Ip∂ kµ¿`-߃ Cu IrXn-bn¬ \nc-h-
s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ hkvXp-X-I-f-√, kn≤m-¥am-Wv [n-bm-Wv. Hcn-SØv {K-ŸIm-c≥ Ipdn-°p∂p: ""aX-hn-izmkn
amt‰-≠-Xv. bp‡n-kl - a - mbn Imcy-߃ hni-Zo-Ic - n-°p-∂X
- n¬ \n∂v Hgn-
""aX-hn-izm-kn°v Ahn-izm-kn-tb-°mƒ kt¥m-jhpw ™p-am-dp-∂X - n-\m¬ aXsØ ]pI-gvØp-∂h - ¿°pw aX-tØmSv
a\x»m-¥nbpw Ds≠∂v aXw {]N-cn-∏n-°m-dp-≠v. hkvXp-Xm- Ir{Xna kl-Xm-]hpw A\p-`-hhpw Im´p-∂-h¿°pw am{Xta
2011 sabv 35
Abm-tfmSv Bi-bh - n-\n-abw km[y-am-Iq.''(46)
Ata-cn-°b - n¬ ]cn-WmahmZn-Ifpw krjvSn-
hm-Zn-Ifpw X-Ωn¬ \S∂ Bbn-c° - W
- °- n\v
kwhm-Z-ß-sf-∏‰n {KŸ-Im-c\v tI´-dn-hp-
t]m-ep-an-s√-∂Xv kl-Xm-]-a¿ln-°p-∂p.
]cn-Wm-a-hm-Zn-Ifpw krjvSn-hm-Zn-Ifpw
XΩn¬ kwhm-Z-ßfpw kulr-Z-`m-j-W-
ßfpw \S-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bn´v Zi-I-ß-fm-bn.
krjv-Sn-˛-]-cn-Wmaw IqSmsX aX-hn-j-b-ß-
fnepw kwhm-Z-߃ \S-°mdp-≠v. Hcp-Zm-l-
cWw kqNn- ∏ n- ° mw. Cuiz- c - h m- Z n- b mb
XØz-Nn-¥I≥ hneyw s{IbvKpw \nco-iz-c-
hm-Zn-bmb XXz-Nn-¥I - ≥ dn®mUv Imcn-bcpw
t\m¿Øv shÃv antkmdn tÉv bqWn-th-
gvkn‰n Iymºkn¬ kwhmZw \S-∂p. 2009
am¿®v 18\v sshIo´v 7 aWn-°v. Iymºknse
^ntem-k^n ¢∫mWv CXp kwL-Sn-∏n-®-
Xv . kwhm- Z - Ø n¬ ka- b w \¬In- b Xv
Cßs\: \mkvXn-I-{K-Ÿ-߃ Ah-K-W-\tb A¿ln°p-∂p-≈q.
BapJw : s{IbvKv 20 an\p-´v ssZh-sØbpw aX-sØbpw alm-∑m-tcbpw A[n-t£]n-°p-
Imcn-b¿ 20 an\p-´v ∂-Xn-\-∏pdw aX-X-Øz-ß-sftbm Ncn-{X-sØtbm ]fin-
Jfi\w : s{IbvKv 12 an\p-´v
Imcn-b¿ 12 an\p-´v
tXmNn-X-ambn hni-I-e\w sNøp∂ \mkvXn-I-{K-Ÿ-߃
ho≠pw Jfi\w Cs√∂p Xs∂ ]d-bmw.
s{IbvKv : s{IbvKv 8 an\p-´v
Imcn-b¿ 8 an\p-´v
D]-kw-lmcw : s{IbvKv 5 an\p-´v Ncn-{X-Øn¬ tUmIvSt- d‰v t\Snb hy‡n-bm-Wv. The Empty Tomp F∂ IrXn-
Imcn-b¿ 5 an\p-´v bpsS kl-{K-Ÿ-Im-c≥. F∂n´pw XØzNn¥-I-\mb hneyw s{Ibv-Knt\mSv
HmUn-b≥kv : tNmtZym-Øc - ß
- ƒ 45 an\p-´v Ncn-{X-]-c-amb Hcp hnj-b-Ønse kwhm-Z-Øn¬ Pbn°m-\m-bn√ F∂Xv
{it≤-b-am-Wv.
Cu kwhm-Z-Ønse hnjbw: "tbip
Ipcn- i n¬ \n∂p Dbn¿- s Øgp- t ∂t‰m?' H‰-s∏-´Xpw an°-t∏mgpw sI´n-®-a-°-s∏-´-Xp-amb kw`-h-ßsf B[m-c-
kwhm-Z-Øns‚ ^e-sa-¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v am-°n apkvenwIsf kwkvIm-c-iq-\y-cmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn°m-≥ {ian® {KŸ-Im-
a\ n-em-°m≥ \nco-izc XØz-Nn-¥I - \- mb cs‚ Adn-hn-te-°v temI-{]-ikvX \nco-iz-c-hmZ Nn¥-I-\mb dn®mUvImcn-
dn®mUv Imcn-b-dpsS hmNIw Xs∂ lmP- b¿ ]s¶-SpØ as‰mcp kwhm-Z-sØ-∏-‰nbpw kqNn-∏n-°mw.
dm°mw: ""As I have predicted, I didn't win 2004 sabv 8\v "ssZhm-kvXnIyw' F∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ anjnK-Wn¬
the debate.''(47) (dn®mUv Imcn-b-dpsS sh_v- kwhmZw \S-∂p. ]s¶-Sp-Øh - ¿ dn®mUvImcn-b¿, Um≥_m-¿°¿, lk-ss\≥
ssk‰n¬ At±lw Xs∂ Fgp-Xnb hmN- dPm-_m-en, ssa°ƒ tImdn F∂n-h¿. BZy-sØ c≠v t]¿ Cu-iz-c-hm-Zn-
I-am-Wn-Xv.) C\n FXn-cm-fnbpw Cuiz-ch - mZ Iƒ. XuloZv C≥Ãn‰yq-´v, bwKv ap-kvenw Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ F∂n-h-cm-bn-
XØz-Nn¥-I\ - p-amb hneyw s{IbvKns\-∏‰n cp∂p kwLm-S-I¿. B{^n-°, Im\-U, Cw•≠v F∂n-hnS-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈
dn®mUv Imcn-b¿ Fgp-Xn-bXv t\m°q: ""...we t{imXm-°ƒ t]mepw CXn\v km£n-If - m-bn. t{im-Xm-°f
- psS FÆw Cßs\:
got along well. Having lunch with him the AºXv \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ, \qdv {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ, sXm-≈m-bncw apkvenwIƒ
day before, then driving to the airport with (G-I-tZ-i I-W-°v).
him for more than an hour the day after, I kwhm-Z-sØ-∏‰n dn®mUv Imcn-b¿ C≥-^nU¬kv sh_vssk-‰n¬ Fgp-
fund Dr. craing quite friendly and under- Xnb hcn-Iƒ Xmsg tN¿°mw.
standing'' ""AhnsS Rm≥ I≠p-ap-´nb F√m-hcpw AXoh lrZy-X-bp≈-h-cm-bn-
""kwhm-Z-Øn¬ Rm≥ hnP-bn-®n√'' cp-∂p... Ah-cn-tem-tcm-cp-Øcpw Zbm-a-\-ÿn-Xn-°m-cpw kp-lrZvat\m-`m-h-ap-
F∂v dn®mUv Imcn-b¿ Xs∂ Xpd-∂p -k- ≈-hcpw {]Xn-]-£ -_-lp-am-\-ap-f-f-h-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Rms\mcp Ahn-izm-kn-
Ω-Xn-®-Xm-W-t√m. kwhm-Z-hn-jbw "tbip bm-sW-¶nepw a\p-jy-Xz-tØm-sS-bmWv A-h-sc-t∂mSv s]cp-am-dn-b-Xv...
Ipcnin-¬ \n∂pw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂t‰m?' Ahsc√mhcpw £am-io-ecpw Fs‚ kwi-b-߃ Xo¿Øp-X-cm≥ X¬]c-
F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Imcn-b-dm-Is´ sImfw- cp-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Rm-≥ Ckvemans\]‰n Ht´sd Imcy-߃ ]Tn-®p.
_nb bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-bn¬ \n∂pw {]mNo\ kwhm-Z-Øn-\pti-jw F-t∂mSv kwkm-cn-®-h-sc√mw lrZy-am-bmWv s]cp-am-
2011 sabv 36
dn-b-Xv. Ah-cpsS kwi-b-ßfpw B-i-¶- {]-h¿Ø-I-cm-bn-cp-∂p. ]c-kv]cw kvt\- Sbn-ep-≠m-Ipw. an° kwhm-Zß - ƒ°v ti-
Ifpw Bflm¿Y- X - b p- ≈ - X m- b ncp- ∂ p. lhpw BZ-chpw ImØp-kq-£n® DØ- jhpw tIƒhn-°m¿°nS-bn¬ A`n-{]m-
Npcp-°-Øn¬, apkvenw k-ap-Zm-b-sØ- a-kp-lr-Øp-°-fm-bn-cp∂p Ah¿. krjv- b-thm-s´-Sp∏v \S-°m-dp-≠v. an° A`n-{]m-
∏‰n hf-sc-tbsd aXn-∏m-Wv F\n-°p-≠m- Sn-hm-Z-°m¿ kwL-Sn-∏n°p-∂ s]mXp b-thm-s´Sp-∏p-I-fp-sSbpw ^ew krjvSn-
b-Xv.''(48) ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fntem N¿®-I-fntem ]s¶- hm-Zn-Iƒ°-\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. kwhm-Zw
Hcp kaq-ls - a∂ \ne-bn¬ apkve - nw- SpØv A\¿lam-b {]m[m-\y-Øns‚ tIƒ°p-∂-tXmsS ]cnWmahm-Zn-Iƒ
Iƒ°p≈ kwhmZ kw-kvImcw temI- {]m-W-hmbp (oxygen of respectability) ]mT-]p-kvX-I-ß-fn-eqsS-bpw imkv{X
{]-i-kvX-\mb Hcp \nco-iz-c-Nn-¥-Is‚ Ah- ¿ °v ]I¿∂p- s Im- S p- ° - c p- s X∂ {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw am[y-a-ß-
{]iw-k°v Imc-W-ambn F∂Xv {it≤- tKmƒUns‚ kvt\tlm-]t- Ziw tUm°n- fn-eq-sSbpw {]N-cn-∏n® \pW-Ifpw Zp¿-
b-am-Wv. ≥kv AtX-]Sn kzoI-cn-®Xv C-hnsS kva- hym-Jym-\-ßfpw Xpd-∂p-Im-´-s∏-Sp-∂p.
c-Wo-b-am-Wv.''(52) kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw P\-߃ ]cn-Wm-a-
CØcw \nc-h[n kwhm-Zß - ƒ tem-
I-Øns‚ ]e `mK-ßfn-epw \S-°-p-∂p- krjvSn-hm-Zn-If
- p--ambn N¿®-Iƒ \S- sa∂ B[p-\nI A‘-hnizm-k-Øn¬
≠v. ^yqU¬ kwkv°m-c-Øns‚ Ah- Ø-cp-sX-∂mWv Kuƒkv D]-tZ-in-®Xv! kwi-bm-ep°-fm-Im≥ XpS-ßpw. CXn-\-
in-jvS-ß-ƒ t]dmØ \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ- tUm°n≥kv AX-∏Sn kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw h-kcw \¬ImXn-cn-°m-\mWv Um¿hn\n-
°v CØcw kwhm-Z-߃ Dƒs°m-≈m- sNbvXp. c≠v `n∂ ho£-W-°m¿ XΩn- Ãp-Iƒ kwhm-Z-ß-fn¬\n∂pw Hgn™p-
\m-hpw. Ign™ GXm\pw Zi-Iß - ƒ°n- ¬ N¿® \S-Øn-bm¬ AXv adp-]£ - ° - m- amdp-∂X - v. kzX-{¥-Nn-¥b - p-sSbpw bp‡n-
S-bn¬ \S∂ kwhm-Zß-ƒ enÃp sN-bv- c\v ""A\¿l-amb {]m[m\yw'' \¬I-em- Nn-¥-bp-sSbpw imkv{X-Øn-s‚bpw hkv-
Xm¬ Xs∂ Hcp _rl-Zv{KŸ-Øn-s‚ hp-sa-¶n¬ temI-Øv kwhm-Z-߃ \S- Xp-\n-jvT-X-bp-sSbpw samØ-°p-ØI-
hen--∏-ap≠m-Ipw. Imen-t^m¿Wnb bq- °ptam? Kuƒkns‚bpw tUm°n≥kn- °mcmbn ta\n \Sn-°p∂ \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-
Wn-th-gvkn-‰n-bn¬\n∂pw _tbm-sI-ankv- t‚-bpw Cu \ne-]m-Sn\v imkv{X-hp-ambn Iƒ Cu kwkvIm-ci - q-\y-Xsb \ymboI-
{Sn-bn¬ tUmIvStd‰v t\Snb Uphm-≥- bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an-s√∂v am{X-a√ cn-°p-tºmƒ ]pd-Øm-hp-∂Xv Ah-cpsS
Knjv am{Xw CØcw ap∂q-tdmfw kwhm- {]mIr-X-amb imTy-ß-fpsS tijn-∏p-am- X\n-\ndw Xs∂-bt√?
Z-ß-fn¬ ]¶m-fn-bm-bn Ft∂m¿-°p-I. {X-am-Wv. CØ-c-°msc amXr-I-bm-°p∂ B¿°mWv ss[j-WnI ]mc-ºcyw?
Ch-bp-sSsb-√mw \qdp-I-W-°n\v hoUn- {KŸ-Im-c\v aX-hn-izm-kn-If - ¬ Nne-cpsS
tbm-I-fp-ap-≠v. \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-I-fp-tSbpw imTy-ßsf hna¿in°m≥ F¥¿l-Xb - m- ""km[m-cW- b- mbn aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ
aX-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-tSbpw sh_vssk‰p-I- Wp-≈Xv? ]t£, Kuƒ-kpw tUm°n≥- \mkvXn-I-{K-Ÿ-߃ A-h-K-Wn-°p-I-
fn¬ Ah-bn¬ Ht´-sdsb-Æw e`y-hp-am- kpw kwhm-Z-ß-fn¬\n∂pw Hgn-™p-am- bmWp ]Xn-hv. shdptX "Np≠bv° sIm-
Wv. F∂pXs∂-b√ CØcw kwhm-Zß - - dn-bX
- ns‚ bYm¿Y ImcWw as‰m-∂mWv. SpØv hgpX-\ß hmtß≠' F∂ bp-
fn¬ an°-hmdpw ]cm-P-b-s∏-´Xv ]cn-Wm- krjvSn-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb imkv{X-⁄-cp- ‡n-bm-Wn-Xn\p ]n∂n¬'' F∂v {KŸ-
a-hm-Zn-I-fm-bn-cp∂p Xm\pw.(49) ]cn-Wm-a- ambn G‰p-ap-´n-bm¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-sa∂v Im-c≥ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.(55)
hm-Zn-Iƒ F¥p-sIm≠v krjvSn-hm-Zn-I- Ah¿°v Dd-∏p≠v F∂-Xm-W-Xv. H∂m-a-Xm-bn, \mkvXn-I-{K-Ÿ-߃
fp-am-bp≈ kwhm-Z-ßfn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏- ap≥Ime-ß-fn¬ krjvSn-hm-Zn-I- "Ah-KW - n-t°≠' {]iv\w t]mepw D¬`-
Sp- ∂ p- s h∂v Imcy- ˛ - I m- c - W - k- l nXw fmb imkv{X-⁄-cp-ambn kw-hm-Z-ß-fn- hn-°m-Ø{X hnc-f-am-Wv. Ncn-{X-Øn¬
hy‡am-°p∂ teJ-\ß - ƒ ]cn-Wm-ah - m- te¿s∏´ tUm°n≥kv ]n∂o-SXv ths≠- Bbn-c-°W-°n\v BkvXn-I-{K-Ÿ-߃
Zn-Iƒ Xs∂ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p≠v!(50) aX-hn- ∂v Xocp-am-\n®p F∂-Xns‚ A¿Y-sa- Cd-ßp-tºmƒ \mkvXn-I-{K-Ÿ-ßfp-sS
izm-kn-I-fp-ambn bp‡n-]-c-ambn Bi-b- ¥m-Wv? kwhmZw em`-I-c-am-bn-cp-∂n-√ FÆw B\p-]m-Xn-I-ambn hnc-en-se-Æm-
kw-hmZw km[y-a-s√-¶n¬ Ch-b-{Xbpw F∂p-Xs∂! hp-∂h am{X-am-bn-cn-°pw. AXpw kaq-
\S-°p-am-bn-cpt∂m? tUm°n≥kn\p am{X-a√ a‰p Um¿- l-Øns‚ {i≤-bn¬ hcp-∂{X KpWtam
Bi-b-kw-hm-Z-Øn\v Xøm-dm-sW- hn-\n-Ãp-Iƒ°pw kwhmZw \jvS-°-®-h- \nehm-ctam D≈-h-bm-I-W-sa-∂p-an-√.
∂pw ho£-W-߃ hnebn-cp-Øm≥ a‰p- S-am-sW∂v t_m[y-am-sb∂v Icp-Xmw. km[m-cW - b- mbn CXmWv BkvXn-I˛- \ - m-
≈-h¿°v AXv klm-b-I-am-sW∂pw ""Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Um¿hn-\n-Ãp-I-fmcpw kvXn-I-{K-Ÿ-ß-fpsS ÿnXn-sb-¶n¬
Icp-Xp-∂h - cm-Wv krjvSn-hm-Zn-Iƒ. CtX Xs∂ Ah-cp-ambn kwhm-Z-Øn-\p-t]m- B¿ Bsc Ah-KWn-°m≥? Ah-K-W-
\ne-]m-Sp≈ Ht´sd ]cn-Wm-a-hm-ZnI-fpw epw Xøm-d√'' F∂v {KŸ-Im-c≥ Ipdn- \-t]mepw A¿ln-°m-Ø{X AZr-iy-
\nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-Ifpw D≠v. Ch-sc√mw aX- °p-∂p.(53) ""kwhm-Z-Øn\v Xp\n-™m¬ amWv \nco-izc {KŸ-ßf - psS km∂n-[yw.
hn-izm-kn-I-fp-ambn bp‡n-]-c-amb Bi- krjvSn-hm-Z-Øn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-tS-≠- B[p-\n-I-Im-e-L´w t]mepw CXn-∂-]-
b-kw-hmZw km[y-am-sW∂v Icp-Xp-∂-h- Xmbn Ft¥m Ds≠∂ sX‰n-≤m-cW hm-Z-a√ (C-¥y-bn¬ \mkvXn-I-Nn-¥°v
cm-Wv.(51) kmwkvIm-cnIt_m[hpw kzX- P\-߃°n-S-bn-epW-≠m-Im-\n-S-bp≠v'' h≥]mc-º-cy-aps≠-∂ tZ_o-{]-kmZv
{¥-Nn-¥bpw D≈-h-cpsS \ne-]mSv CXm- F-∂mWv {KŸ-Im-cs‚ \nco-£-Ww.(54) NtXm-]m-[ym-b-bpsS \nco-£Ww ASn-
bn-cn-°p-sa-∂X - n¬ kwi-ba - n-√. F∂m¬ CXv "sX‰n≤mcW'b√ icn-bmb [mc- ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-Wv.(56) (Cu hmZw ]cn-
dn®mUv tUm°n≥kv Cu KW-Øn¬s∏- W-Xs - ∂-bm-Wv. kwhmZw \S-∂m¬ ""kr- tim-[n-°p-∂-Xn\v "{_lvakq{Xw: ssZz-
Sp-∂n-√. {KŸ-Im-c≥ Fgp-Xn-bXv {i≤n- jvSn-hZ- Ø
- n¬ ]cn-KW - n-°s - ∏-tS-≠X
- mbn Xtam AssZz-Xtam?' F∂ IrXn H∂mw
°pI: ""tKmƒUpw tUm°n≥kpw kl- Ft¥m Ds≠∂'' [mcW P\-߃°n- A[ymbw t\m-°mw.)(57) \nco-izc Bi-
2011 sabv 37
b-߃ Xmc-X-tay\ ap≥Im-e-ß-tf-°m- ∂n√? F∂ tNmZy-hp-am-bmWv Ah¿ cmh-s´, AØcw h√ {ia-hpw \S-Øn-´p-
ƒ {]N-cn-®p-sh-∂√ - msX aX-km-ln-Xy-ß- {_mlvaW ta[m-hn-XzsØ sh√p-hn-fn- s≠∂p tXm∂p-∂n-√. AsX-°p-dn®v
fpsS ASp-sØßpw FØm-hp∂ Af- ®-Xv.''(60) Ah¿ t_m[- h m- ∑ m- c m- b n- c p- ∂ pthm
thm KpWtam B[p-\nI ImeØpw N¿hm-I-∑m-cpsS (C-hsc temIm-b- F∂p-Xs∂ kw-i-b-am-Wv... AsXm-sIm-
Ah°v t\Sm-\m-bn-´n-√. X¿ F∂pw hnfn-°pw) Hcp tNmZyw IqSn s≠-¥p-≠mbn? temIm-b-X-hm-Z-߃
c≠m-a-Xm-bn, \mkvXn-I-{K-Ÿ-߃ ChnsS kqNn-∏n°mw: ""Zm\w-sIm≠v Kuc-h-am-sb-Sp-t°-≠-Xn-√m-Ø{X efnX-
Ah-KW - \- tb A¿ln°p-∂p-≈q. ssZh- kz¿K-Ønep-≈h¿ Xr]vXn-t\-Sp-sa-¶n¬, am-sW∂ {]XoXn kwPm-Xam-bn.''(62)
sØbpw aX-sØbpw alm-∑m-tcbpw F¥p-sIm≠v amfn-I-ap-I-fn-ep-≈h¿-°v ""temIm-bX - h- m-Zß
- ƒ Kuchamsb-
A[n-t£]n-°p-∂-Xn-\-∏pdw aX-X-Øz- ChnsS XmgsØ \ne-bn¬ `£-Wm-Zn- Sp-t°-≠-Xn-√m-Ø{X efn-X''amsW-∂√
ß-sftbm Ncn-{X-sØtbm ]fin-tXmNn- Iƒ \¬Ip-∂n-√.'' _men- i - a m- s W- ∂ - X mWv bmYm¿Yyw.
X-ambn hni-I-e\w sNøp∂ \mkvXn-I- temIm-b-X-cpsS as‰mcp hna¿i-\- temIm-bXm A\p-`mhn-bmb tUm. DÆn-
{K-Ÿ-߃ Cs√∂p ]d-bmw. {KŸ-Im- an- X m- b n- c p∂p: ""acn- ® - h ¿°v {im≤w Øncn ""Kuc-ha - m-sb-Sp-t°-≠X - n-√mØ-{X
cs‚ Xs∂ hm°p-I-fn-eqsS C°mcyw efnX''amsW-s∂-¶nepw kΩ-Xn-®√ - t√m!
Xr]vXn-bc - p-fp-sa-¶n¬ temI-Øn¬ bm{X-
ka¿Yn-°mw. am{X-a-√ ""hncp-≤m-i-b-ß-tfbpw \ne-]m-
sN-øp-∂h - ¿°v s]mXn-t®mdv Iøn¬ Icp-
ac-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hnXw aX-ß-fpsS tX≠ Bh-iy-an√!'' AXm-bX - v, Bsc¶n- Sp-I-tfbpw'' Jfin-°m-\p≈ ""{iahpw
{][m\ ho£-W-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv. ac-W- epw bm{X ]pd-s∏-´p-sh∂v Icp-Xp-I. \S- Ø n- b n- ´ p- s ≠∂p tXm∂p- ∂ n- √ ''
tØmsS PohnXw Ah- k m- \ n- ° p∂p aq∂p-t\-chpw Ah-cpsS ho´n¬ {im≤- F∂pw tUm. DÆn-Øncn hy‡-am-°p-
F∂mWv `uXn-I-hm-Z-k-¶¬∏w. CXv aq-´n-bm¬ bm{X-°m-c\v hni-°n-√t√m ∂p. k¿t-hm-]cn ""AsX-°p-dn®v Ah¿
kw_-‘-ambn {KŸ-Im-c-s\-gp-Xp∂p: F∂mWv temIm-b-X¿ ]cn-l-kn-®-Xv. t_m[-hm-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂pthm F∂p-Xs∂
""Ata-cn-°-bnse 95% aX-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw kwi-b-amWv'' F∂pw At±lw kΩ-Xn-
tUm°n≥kns‚ tNmZy- ß - t f- °p-∂p. ChnsS {]k-‡-amb kwi-b-an-
ac-Wt- ijw X߃°v sa®-s∏´ as‰mcp
°mƒ Ia-\o-b-amtWm N¿hm-I-cpsS XmWv: a‰p cmPy-ßsf At]-£n®v \nco-
Pohn-X-ap-s≠∂v A`n-{]m-b-s∏-´p-sh∂v
tNmZy-߃ F∂ Imcyw hmb-\° - m¿°v iz-c-hmZ Nn¥-Iƒ°v kº-∂-amb ss[-
kqNn- ∏ n- ° p∂ Hcp Kyme∏v t]mƒ
CubnsS ]pd-Øp-h-∂n-cp-∂p.''(58) Xocp-am-\n-°mw. GXm-bmepw {KŸ-Im- j-WnI ]mc-º-cy-ap-s≠∂v tZ_o-{]-
cs‚ [mc-W-b-Xm-Wv! kmZv NtXm-]m-[ymb Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂
""ac-W-tijw X߃°v sa®-s∏´
as‰mcp Pohn-Xa - p-s≠∂v'' hniz-kn-°p-∂- temImb- X - c psS _p≤n- ] - c - a mb C¥y≥ \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-I-fpsS (tem-Im-
h¿ ac-W-k-a-bØv F¥p-sIm≠v B\- \ne-hmcw F{X-bp-≠m-bncp-∂p F∂-dn- bX/N¿-hm-I) _u≤n-I-\n-e-hmcw C{X
µn-°p-∂n√ F∂mWv tUm°n≥kns‚ bm≥ kwkvIrX ]WvUn-X\pw temIm- Ipd-™-Xm-sW-¶n¬ a‰p cmPy-ß-fnse
tNmZyw. {KŸ-Im-cs‚ hm°p-I-fn¬: b-X-tcmSv A\p-`m-h-ap≈ Fgp-Øp-Im-c- \nco-iz-c-hmZ Nn¥-I-fpsS ss[j-WnI
""amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw Bfl-an-{X-ßfpw acn- \p-amb tUm: DÆ-n-Øn-cn-bpsS A`n- D≈-S°w F{X timN-\o-b-am-bn-cn°pw?
°m≥ t\cØv F¥p-sIm-≠-h¿ B\- {]mbw t\m°mw: ""Cu hmZ-ß-fpsS \mkvXn-I{- K-Ÿß - ƒ Ah-KW - \- t- ]mepw
µn-°p-∂n√? Hcp Id-Xo¿∂-hn-izmkn emfnXyw temIm-b-X-cpsS al-XzØn- A¿ln-°mØ hn[w {]Xy-£-am-Im-Xn-
\mfp- I ƒ FÆ- s ∏´p Ign- s ™∂v s‚sb∂-t]mse Ah-cpsS ]cn-an-Xn-If - p- cp- ∂ - X ns‚ Ncn- { X- ] - c - a mb ImcWw
tUmIv S ¿ Dd- ∏ p- ] - d - b p- t ºmƒ Xs‚ tSbpw Hcp kmam-\y-cq]w \ap°v \¬Ip- CXn¬\n∂pw hy‡-am-bnt√? tUm.
ku`m-Ky-sØ-°p-dn-t®m¿Øv BÀm-Zn- ∂p. Cu alXzw kq£v a - k - ¶ o¿W- DÆn-Øn-cn-bpsS hmN-I-߃ {KŸ-Im-
t°- ≠ - X t√? kzn‰v k ¿e≥knte°v Xtbm ]mfin-Xy {]I-S-\tam sIm≠- cs‚ hmZsØ Xo¿Øpw Jfin-°p-∂-
kuP- \ y- h n- t \mZbm- { X°v t]mIm≥ √. Ah- b n- s em∂pw Ah¿°v H´pw Xm-Wv. \mkvXn-I-{K-Ÿ-߃°v Jfi-\-
Ah-kcw e`n® BÀm-Z-tØmsS Abm- {i≤bn-√... {im≤-I¿a-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm- ߃ Fgp-XmsX hnizm-kn-Iƒ Hgn-™p-
ƒ°v kz¥w ac-WsØ kzoI-cn-°m-hp- \-[m-c-W-sb, AtX-∏‰n XmØzn-I-amb am-dp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂n-√. adn®v hnizm-kn-I-
∂-Xm-Wv.''(59) Hcp hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-Øn-te°v IS-∂p-sN- fpsS hmZ-߃ Jfin-°msX \mkvXn-
ac- W m- \ - ¥ c Pohn- X - s Ø- ° p- d n- √msX Xs∂, ]msS \ncm-I-cn-°p∂ I≥am¿ Hgn™p amdp- I - b m- b n- c p∂p
®p≈ tUm°n≥kns‚ CØcw tNmZy- temI-mbX coXn-bm-Wn-Xv.''(61) F∂-XmWv Ncn-{X-]-c-amb bmYm¿Yyw
ßsf hne-bn-cp-Øn-s°m≠v {KŸ-Im-c- tUm: DÆn-Øncn XpS-cp∂p: ""{]mNo- F∂p-Xs - ∂-b√ Jfi-\ß - ƒ Fgp-Xp-∂-
s\-gp-Xp∂p: ""tUm°n≥kv D∂-bn-°p∂ \ `mc-Xob Z¿i-\-Øn¬ kXy-Øns‚ Xn-s\-∏‰n Ah¿ t_m[-hm-∑m¿ t]mep-
Cu tNmZy-߃ `mc-Xo-bsc kw_-‘n- am\-Z-fi-sØ-∏‰n as‰m-t´sd \ne-]m-Sp- am-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS
®n-St- Ømfw ]g-©\ - m-Wv. Cu tNmZy-ß- I-fp-≠v. AXyp-∂X - c
- mb Zm¿i-\n-I¿ B ÿnXntbm? C¥y-bn¬ \mkvXn-I-∑m-
sfms° `mc-X-Øn¬ Nm¿hm-I≥am¿ \ne-]m-Sp-Isf \ymbo-I-cn-®n-´pap-≠v. B cmb N¿hm-I-∑m¿ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-
\q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v apºv Iqsd-°qSn Ia-\o- ÿnXn-°v, kXy-Øns‚ bYm¿Y am\-Z- Xn-s\-∏‰n ]n¬°me-Øp-≈-h¿°v a\-
b-ambn tNmZn-®n-´p-≠v. _en-ar-K-߃ fi-amWv {]tbm-K-sa∂v hmZn-®p-d-∏n- n-em-°m-\m-bXv t]mepw BkvXn-I-
t\sc kz¿KØnte°v t]mIp-sa¶n-¬ °pI £n{]-km-[y-a-√. hncp-≤m-i-b-ß- ∑m¿ Fgp- X nb Jfi- \ - I r- X n- I - f n¬
F¥p-sIm≠v kz¥w amXm-]n-Xm-°f - psS tfbpw \ne- ] m- S p- I - t fbpw Jfin- ® p- \n∂mWv! BkvXn-I-hm-Z-ßsf Jfin-
Igp-Ø-dpØv Ahsc _en-sIm-Sp-°p- sImt≠ CXp km[n-°q. temImbX- °p∂ ]mc-º-cytam \mkvXn-I-hm-Z-߃
2011 sabv 38
sXfn-hp-Iƒ \ncØn ka¿Yn-°p∂ cN-
{]]-©-Øns‚ Imc-WsØ
\m-]m-c-º-cytam C¥y-bnse \mkvXn-I-
∑m¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn\v Ncn-{X-]-c-amb {]]-©-Øn-\-∏pdw At\z-jn-
bmsXmcp sXfn-hp-I-fp-an√ F∂Xpw t°≠n hcp-tºm-gmWv
{it≤-b-amWv. C{X Zcn-{Z-amb Bi-b-
Z¿i\w P\n-°p-∂-Xv. {]]-©-
]m- c - º - c y- Ø ns‚ ]n≥apd- ° m- c - \ mb
{KŸ-Im-c≥ ""km[m-cW - b- mbn aX-hn-izm- Øns‚ ImcWw {]]©w
kn-Iƒ \mkvXn-I-{K-Ÿ-߃ Ah-K-Wn- Xs∂-bm-sW∂v "Z¿in-
°p-I-bmWp ]Xnhv'' F∂pw ""shdptX
°p∂'tXmsS Z¿i\w acn-°p-
Np≠bv° sImSpØv hgp-X-\ß hm-
tß≠ F∂ bp‡n-bm-Wn-Xn\p ]n∂n- I-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Zm¿i-\n-
¬'' F∂p-sam° X´n-hn-´m¬ kl-X-]n- I-ssh-injvSyhpw AXns‚
°m≥ t]mepw hø!
kº-∂-amb ]mc-º-cyhpw aX-
Ct∂mfw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ kI-
e \mkvXn-Ih - m-Zß - fpw bp‡n-]c - a- mbpw
hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°m-Wp-≈-Xv.
imkv{Xo-b-ambpw Jfin-°-s∏-´n-´p-s≠-
∂ Imcyw {KŸ-Im-c\v Adn-b-W-sa-∂n-
√. Np≠bv° sImSp-Øm¬ hgp-X-\ß
Xcm-\p≈ ss[jWnI kº-∂X Hcp s‚ e£-W-ambn {KŸ-Im-c≥ hymJym- t∏mgpw Abmƒ kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv Xs‚
ImeØpw \mkvXnI Nn¥-I-∑m¿°v \n-°p-∂p-≠v. B[p-\n-I-˛-D-Ø-cm-[p-\n-I- aX-sØ-°p-dn®v am{X-am-bn-cn°pw.''(64)
D≠m-bn-´n-s√∂v BkvXn-I] - fi- n-X∑- m¿- Im-eØv kmwkvIm-cnI cwKØv F¥v CXn¬ AXv`p-X-sa-¥n-cn-°p∂p? Hmtcm-
°-dn-bmw. AXn-\m¬ ""P\-kw-Jym-]-c- \S-°p∂p F∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ A- cpØcpw Ah-c-h-cpsS ho£-W-ß-fm-bn-
amb ap≥Xq-°w-hgn Z¿i-\-ssh-in-jvSy- ⁄-X-bmWv Cu \nco-£-W-Øns‚ cn°pw an°-t∏mgpw kwkm-cn-°p-I. apkv-
sØ adn-IS-°m-\m-hp-sa∂v aXw sXfn- ASn-ÿm-\w. ssZh-sØbpw aX-tØ-bpw enwIƒ Ckveman-s\-°p-dn®pw {InkvXym-
bn-°p-∂p'' F∂ {KŸ-Im-cs‚ \nco£- Ipdn-®p≈ IrXn-Iƒ°v (A-\p-Iq-e-am- \n-Iƒ {InkvXp-a-X-sØ-°p-dn®pw lnµp-
Ww Akw-_‘w am{X-am-Wv. ]Zm¿Y- bmepw {]Xn-Iq-e-am-bm-epw) h≥ kzoIm- °ƒ lnµp-hn-izm-kß - s - f-°p-dn®pw \nco-
sØ∏‰nam{Xw Nn¥n-°m-\-dn-bm-hp-∂- cyX e`n-°p-∂-Xns‚ A\p-_‘ ^ew iz-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ \nco-iz-c-hm-Z-sØ-°p-dn-®p-
hcpw {Zhy temI-Øn-\-∏p-d-tØ°v `mh- am{X-amWv tUm°n≥kns‚ IrXn-°p- am-bn-cn°pw an°-t∏mgpw kwkm-cn-°p-I.
\-t]mepw Db¿Øm≥ {]m]vXn-bn-√m-Ø- ≠mb am¿°-‰v. ss__n-fn-t‚bpw Jp¿- apkvenwIƒ {InkvXp-a-X-sØ-°p-dn®pw
h-cp-am-bn-cp∂p F°m-es - Øbpw \mkvXn- B\n-t‚bpw {]Nmcw \qdpw AXn-te- lnµp-°ƒ Ckveman-s\-°p-dn®pw \nco-
I-Nn-¥-I-∑m¿. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ Ah¿°v sdbpw iX-am\w h¿[n-®-Xm-bp≈ am¿- iz-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ Cu c≠v aX-ß-sf-°p-dn-
Zm¿i-\nI ]mc-º-cyta C√.(63) Z¿i-\- °‰v k¿th-Iƒ {KŸ-Im-c≥ {i≤n-®n- ®p-am-bn-cn-°Ww an°-t∏mgpw kwkm-cn-
ßsf \ntj-[n-°p∂ ]mc-ºcyw am{X- ´p-≠m-hn-√. ssZhsØ∏‰n Adn-bm≥ t°-≠-Xv F∂mtWm {KŸ-Im-cs‚ "Nn-
am-Wp-≈X - v. {]]-©Ø - ns‚ Imc-WsØ DØ-cm-[p-\n-I-Im-eØv hnI-knX \mSp- ¥'\ob-amb A`n-{]mbw? aX-hn-izm-k-
{]]-©Ø - n-\∏ - pdw At\z-jn-t°≠n hcp- I-fn-ep-≠mb Bth-i-amWv tUm°n≥- sØbpw hnizm-kn-I-sfbpw ]‰n {KŸ-
tºm-gmWv Z¿i\w P\n-°p-∂X - v. {]]-©- kns‚ IrXn-bpsS hnev]-\°pw A\p- Im-c≥ Fgp-Xn-b-sXm-s°bpw CØcw
Øns‚ ImcWw {]]©w Xs∂-bm-sW- Iq-e-ambn `hn-®-Xv. Akw-_‘ - ß - f
- m-Wv. CXv kzm`m-hn-Ih - p-
∂v "Z¿in-°p∂'tXmsS Z¿i\w acn-°p- \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-I-fn¬ Gsd-t∏cpw am-Wv. ]n¿knKns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fpsS
I-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Zm¿i-\n-Is - sh-injv- Fs¥-¶nepw kmaq-ln-I-k-Ω¿±ß-fm¬ H∂masØ e£WwXs∂ CXm- W -
Syhpw AXns‚ kº-∂-amb ]mc-º-cy- aX-hn-tcm-[n-If
- mbn amdp-∂h- c- m-bn-cn-°pw. t√m.
hpw aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°m-Wp-≈-Xv. kz¥tam kzX-{¥tam Bbn Nn¥n-°p- hnizm-kn-Iƒ Bflhn-a¿i-I-cmWv
tUm°n≥kns‚ IrXn°v At\Iw ∂-h-cm-sW∂v kzbwta\n \Sn-°p-sa- aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v Nne khn-ti-
adp-]-Sn-Iƒ Fgp-X-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. aX-i-‡n- ¶nepw aX-hn-tcm[w han-°p∂ Bi-b- j KpW-߃ IqSn-bp-≈-Xmbn {KŸ-Im-
Isf {]Xn-tcm-[Ø - n-em-°n-bX - ns‚ sXfn- ߃ Fhn-sS-\n∂v In´n-bmepw AÆm- c≥ kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p-≠v. Cu hcn-Iƒ t\m-
hm-bmWv {KŸ-Im-c≥ CXns\ ImWp- °p sXmSmsX hngp-ßp∂ kºq¿W °q: ""aX-hn-izm-kn-If - n¬ KWy-amb hn`m-
∂-Xv. BkvXn-I-Nn-¥-I-∑m-cpsS Bfl- A‘hnizm- k nIfmbn- c n°pw Ch¿. K-Øn\v kz¥w hnizm-k-sØ-°p-dn®v
hn-izm-khpw aX-ka - q-lØ- ns‚ DW¿hpw AXn-\m¬ Xm≥ ]d-bp-∂Xpw Fgp-Xp- kwi-b-ßfpw ]ptcm-ln-X-h¿KsØ-∏‰n
D’m-lhpw am{X-amWv CXn-eqsS {]I- ∂Xpw icn-X-s∂tbm F∂v kzbw hne- I\Ø Bt£-]ß - f - p-ap-≠v. kza-Xs- Ø-
S-am-hp-∂s - X∂ hkvXpX kΩ-Xn-°m-Ø- bn-cp-Øm-\p≈ tijnbpw Ch-cn¬ IΩn- bpw ssZh-sØbpw kzIm-cy-ambn A]-
Xv kzm`m-hn-Ia - m-Wv. tUm°n≥kns‚ Ir- bm-bn-cn-°pw. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, {KŸ-Im- l-kn-°p-Ibpw Ifn-bm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
Xn h≥tXm-Xn¬ hn‰-gn-°s - ∏-´Xv \mkvXn- cs‚ Hcp ]cm-a¿i-anXm: ""aX-hmZn aX- ∂-h¿t]mepw ]c-ky-ambn aX-hn-izm-kn-
I-Nn-¥°v kzoIm-cy-X-tb-dp∂psh∂-Xn- sØ- ∏ ‰n kwkm- c n- ° n- s √- ∂ - √ . an°- I-fm-Wv.''(65) {KŸ-Im-cs‚ Cu \nco-£-
2011 sabv 39
W- Ø n¬\n∂pw Fs¥ms° a\- n-
bmsXmcp \n¿_-‘hpw
em°mw? H∂m-a-Xm-bn, kz¥w hnizm-k-
sØ-°p-dn®v aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v kwi- sNep-Øm-Xn-cp-∂n´pw
b-ß-fp-≠v. aX-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ KWy-am- tUm°n≥kns‚ aX-hn-a¿i-\-
sbmcp hn`mKw Nn¥n-°p-∂-hcpw kzbw {KŸw aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ
hna¿i\-ti-jn-bp-≈-h-cp-amWv F∂m-
Wn-Xn-\¿Yw. am{X-a√ Ah¿ A‘-am- h≥tXm-Xn¬ hmßn-sb-∂Xv
b√ aXsØ kzoI-cn-°pIbpw ]n¥p-S- Ah-cpsS kl-P-amb kln-
cp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv F∂v IqSn a\- n- jvWp-Xbpw kXym-t\z-j-W-
em-hp-∂p.
Xz-c-bp-at√ sXfn-bn-°p-∂Xv?
c≠m-a-Xm-bn, aX-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬
KWy-am-sbmcp hn`m-K-Øn\v ]ptcm-ln-X- aX-∏-\n-bn-¬ apßn-Øm-
h¿K-sØ-∏‰n I\Ø Bt£-]ß - f
- p-≠v. Wmepw Cu KpW-ß-sfms°
aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ s]mXpth A‘-ambn
A∏Sn Ah-ti-jn-°p-sa-∂t√
]ptcm-ln-X-∑msc A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h-c-
s√∂pw ]ptcm-ln-X∑ - m-cpsS ZpjvsN-bvXn- CXn¬\n∂pw {Kln-t°-≠Xv?
Isf hna¿i-\m-fl-I-ambn ho£n-°p-∂-
h-cm-sW∂pw CXn¬ \n∂pw hy‡-am-
Wv.
aq∂m-aX - m-bn, kza-Xs- Øbpw ssZh- ]pkvXIw "ssZh-hn-{`m¥n'sb∂ (The aX-∏-\n-]q≠ Ata-cn-°-°m¿ t]mepw
sØbpw kzIm-cy-ambn A]-l-kn-°p- God Delusion) \mkvXnI {KŸ-am-bn-cp- G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ hmbn® {KŸ-ß-fn-
Ibpw Ifn-bm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿ aX- ∂p. aXhmZn-If - psS X\-Xp-`m-jb
- n¬ ]d- sem∂v tUm°n≥kns‚ aX-hn-a¿i\
hn-izm-kn-I-fn-ep-≠v. aXhn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ ™m¬ Hcp "sNmdn-bp∂ ]pkvXIw'!!''(66) {KŸ-ambncp∂p-sh∂pw Ct∏mƒ hy‡-
Hcp-hn-`mKw \¿a-t_m-[-ap-≈-h-cm-sW∂v tUm°n≥kns‚ Cu IrXn aX-hn- am-bnt√? "Hcp sNmdn-bp∂ ]pkvXIw'
CXv sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. izm-kn-Iƒ hmßn-bXv as‰-s¥-¶nepw hmbn-°m-\p≈ k∑-\kpw kln-jvWp-
A\m-tcm-Ky-I-c-amb t{]c-W- sIm-≠p-a- Xbpw D≈- h - c mWv aX- h n- i zm- k n- I ƒ
\mem- a - X m- b n, Cß- s \- s bms°
√. {KŸ-Im-c≥ Ipdn-°p∂p: ""hmß-W- F∂t√ CXn¬\n∂pw sXfn-bp-∂Xv?
sNøp-∂-h-cm-sW-¶nepw Ah¿ ]c-ky-
ambn aX-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-Wv. kza-X-sØ- sat∂m hmbn-°-W-sat∂m \n_-‘-\- Cu bmYm¿Yyw ]tcm- £ - a mbn
°p-dn-®p≈ hna¿i-\-ßfpw \¿tam-‡n- bn-s√∂p am{X-a√ adn-®p≈ \n¿tZi- AwKo- I - c n- ° p∂ {KŸ- I m- c ≥ Xs‚
Ifpw B`y- ¥ - c - a mbn \S- t Ø- ≠ - X m- ߃ aX-t\-XrXzw \¬In-bn-´p-≈-Xp-am- kl-P-amb as‰mcp \nco-iz-cm-‘-hn-izm-
sW∂pw AsXm∂pw ]pc-∏p-d-Øp-I-bdn Wv''(67) k-Øn-te°v FSp-Øp-Nm-Sp-∂Xv t\m°q:
hnfn-®p-Iq-th-≠-X-s√-∂p-ap≈ HuNn-Xy- aX-t\-Xr-Xz-Øns‚ \n¿tZi-߃ ""aX-hn-cp-≤-Nn-¥-bpsS km∂n[yw F√m-
t_m[w aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°p-s≠-∂mWv Ipd-®p-t]-sc-¶nepw kzoI-cn-®n-´p-≠m-hp- °m-eØpw temI-Øp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v
CXn¬\n∂pw a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. sa∂v Icp- X p- ∂ - X n¬ sX‰n- √ - t √m. Adn- b m- Ø - h - c mWv hnizm- k n- I - f n¬
F∂n´pw bmsXmcp \n¿_-‘hpw sNep- \s√mcp hn`m-Kw. {]tXy-In-®v, Ip´n-Ifpw
aX-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS alXzw a\- n-
Øm-Xn-cp-∂n´pw tUm°n≥kns‚ aX-hn- kv{XoIfpw hnZym-`ym-k-]-c-ambn ]n∂m-
em-°n-Ø-cp∂ Ht´sd hmN-I-߃ C\n-
a¿i-\-{KŸw aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ h≥tXm- °w \n¬°p-∂-h-cpw. H∂p-In¬ Ah-c-
bp-ap-≠v. ""aX-`-‡n-bm-bm¬ F√m-ambn
dn-bp-∂n-√. As√-¶n¬ Adn-bn-°p-∂n-
(Religiosity is everything) F∂p Icp- Xn¬ hmßn-sb-∂Xv Ah-cpsS kl-P-
amb kln-jvWp-Xbpw kXym-t\z-j-W- √.''(68)
Xp∂ Hcp sshIm-cn-I-k-aqlw ChnsS
hf¿∂p-h-cn-I-bmWv'' F∂v tIc-f-k-aq- Xz-c-bp-at√ sXfn-bn-°p-∂Xv? aX-∏-\n-bn- hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ \s√m-cp-hn-`mKw
lsØ Dt±-in-®p-sIm≠v {KŸ-Im-c≥ ¬ apßn- Ø m- W mepw Cu KpW- ß - aX-hn-cp≤ Nn¥-bpsS km∂n-[y-sØ-
\nco-£n-°p-∂p-≠v. F∂m¬ CXn-t\bpw sfms° A∏Sn Ah-ti-jn-°p-sa-∂t√ °pdn®v Adn-bp-∂n-s√∂v hmZn-°p∂
Ih-®p-sh-°p∂ aX-t_m-[-amWv Ata- CXn¬\n∂pw {Kln-t°-≠Xv? {KŸ-Im-c≥ as‰m-cn-SØv Fgp-Xp-∂Xv
cn- ° - b n- e p- ≈ - s X∂pw At±lw Fgp- aX-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS alXzw Ct∏m- Cß-s\-bmWv: ""sN∂mbv hf¿Ønb
Xp∂p: ""Cu L´hpw Ign™v aX-∏\n ƒ t_m[y-am-bnt√? {KŸ-Im-cs\ kw_- Ip´n-sb-t∏mse hnizm-k˛- A - h - n-izm-kß
- -
]nSn®v hnd-]q≠ Hcp kaq-l-sØ-bmWv ‘n-®n-S-tØmfw aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ aX-hn- sf-∏‰n ]q¿W-amb A⁄-X-bn¬ Pohn-
Ata-cn-°-bn¬ \ap°v ImWm-\m-hp-I.'' a¿i-\-{KŸw hmbn-°p-∂Xv IuXp-I-I- °p-∂h - ¿ AXy-]q¿-ha- m-Wv''(69) AXm-bXv
Cu hmN-I-Øn\v sXm´p-tijw {K\-Y- c-am-Wv. At±-l-aXv {]Xo-£n-°p-t∂-bn- Gsd-°psd F√m-hcpw hnizm-k-˛-A-hn-
Im-c≥ Ipdn-°p∂p: ""IuXp-IIc-sa∂v √. aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ aX-hn-a¿i-\-{KŸw izm-kß - s
- f-∏‰n t_m[-hm≥amcmsW∂-
]d-b-s´, Ata-cn-°-°m¿ 2006-˛07 Ime- hmbn-°p-I-bn-s√∂ {KŸ-Im-cs‚ ap≥- ¿Yw!
L-´Ø - n¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ hmbn® Hcp [mcW A‘-hn-izmkw am{X-am-sW∂pw C°mcyw HcnSØv kΩ-Xn-°p∂
2011 sabv 40
\nco-iz-c-hm-ZsØ Hfn-∏n®v aX-hn-izm-ksØ 42. t]Pv 363
43. t]Pp-Iƒ 188˛189
{]Io¿Øn-°p∂ \nco-iz-c-hmZn "_p≤n-am-\msW'∂mWv 44. t]Pv 200
45. t]Pp-Iƒ 200˛201
{KŸ-Im-cs‚ Is≠-ج. F∂m¬ CXv _p≤n-bp-sS-b-√, 46. t]Pv 201
Im]-Sy-Øns‚ e£-W-am-sW∂v kmam-\y-_p-≤n-sb 47. t]Pv 201
48. t]Pv 43
-¶n-ep-ap-≈-h¿°-dn-bmw. \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ 49. www.richardcarrier.blogspot.com 30Jan
2009 se Ipdn∏v
\nco-iz-c-hm-ZsØ aqSn-sh-®n-cns° Ahsb 50. www.infidels.org se The Big Debate
_ew-{]-tbm-Kn®v ]pd-sØ-Sp-°m-Ø-Xn-\mWv F∂ teJ\w
51. 1970 Ifn¬ \S∂ kr„n-˛-]-cn-Wma kwhm-
aX-hn-izm-kn-Isf ]gn-°p-∂Xv!! Z-߃ dnt∏m¿´v sNbvXp-sIm≠v Wall Street
Journal (15 June 1979) FgpXn: The cre-
ationists tend to win
52. 1980 Pq¨ 30se Biosciencese teJ-I≥
{KŸ-Im-c≥ as‰m-cn-SØv \ntj-[n-°p-∂- ksØ {]Io¿Øn®pw Xmßnbpw Pohn- tNmZn®p: Why do creationsts seem to be
Xn\v Imc-Wa - p-≠v. bYm¿Y "Ah-kc - h
- m- ®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂m¬ \nco-iz-ch - mZw F¥m- the consistent winners in public debates with
evolutionists?
Zw' Xs∂-bmWv Imc-Ww. _lp-`q-cn-]- sW∂v aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Adn-bp-∂-sX-
53. kwhm-ZmXvaI-amb \nc-h[n IrXn-I-fp-≠v.
£w P\-ßfpw aX-hn-izm-kn-If - m-hp-∂Xv ßs\? \nco-iz-c-hmZsØ aqSn-sh-°p-∂- c≠p-Zm-l-c-Wß-ƒ. William Craig, Sinnott
A‘-am-bn-´m-sW∂v hmZn-t°-≠n-h-cp- h¿ \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-Iƒ Xs∂bmsW-¶n- Amstrong, God? A Debate Between Christian
tºmƒ Ah¿ aX-hn-cp≤ Nn¥-I-sf-∏‰n epw AXns‚ ]gnbpw hnizm-kn-I-fpsS and an Atheist (Oxford University Press) 2003
H´pw t_m[-hm-∑m-c-s√∂v ]d-™mte taemWv {KŸ-Im-c≥ sNmcn-bp-∂Xv! R.B. Stewart, Intelligent Design: William A.
Dembski and Michael Ruse in Dialog (For-
hmZw Pbn°q! F∂m¬ F√m kµ¿`- \nco-iz-ch
- m-Zn-Iƒ \nco-iz-ch - m-ZsØ aqSn- tress Press) 2007
ß-fnepw Hcp-t]mse ]d-bm-\p≈ sshZ- sh-®n-cns° Ahsb _ew-{]-tbm-Kn®v 54. t]Pv 74
Kv[yw C√m-ØX - n-\m¬ as‰mcp kµ¿`-Øn- ]pd-sØ-Sp-°m-Ø-Xn-\mWv aX-hn-izm-kn- 55. t]Pv 432
¬ kXyw ]pd-Øm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Isf ]gn-°p-∂Xv!! 56. t]Pv 432
57. t]Pv 18
Adn-bm-Ø-XmtWm Adn-bn-°m-Ø- \nco-iz-c-hm-ZsØ Hfn-∏n®v aX-hn- 58. Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya, Lokayata: A
XmtWm F∂v {KŸ-Im-c\v \n›-b-an-√. izm-ksØ {]Io¿Øn-°p∂ \nco-iz-c- Study in Ancient Indian Materalism (Peoples
GXm-bmepw ""aX-∏-\n-∏n-Sn®v hnd-]q≠'' hmZn ""_p≤n-am-\msW''∂mWv {KŸ-Im- Publishing House) 1959, Indian Atheism
Ata-cn-°b - nse aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ CsXm- cs‚ Is≠-ج. F∂m¬ CXv _p≤n- (PPH) 1983, Carvaka/Lokayata: An Anthol-
ogy of Source Materials and some recent
s° kzbw Adn-™p-sh∂v {KŸ-Im-c≥ bp-sS-b-√, Im]-Sy-Øns‚ e£-W-am- studies (Indian council of philosophical re-
kΩ-Xn-®-t√m. aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ kzbw sW∂v kmam-\y-_p-≤n-sb-¶n-ep-ap-≈- search) 1994, Dale Reipe, Naturalistic Tra-
aX-hn-cp-≤-Nn-¥-Iƒ ]Tn-°p-∂p-≠v. ]- h¿°- d n- b mw. \nco- i z- c - h m- Z n- I - f mWv dition in Indian Thought (Motilal Banarsidass
t£, Ahsc AX-dn-bn-t°≠ \nco-iz- bYm¿Y- I-]S- ∑ - m-sc-∂X
- n\v Ht´sd sXfn- Publisheres) 1964. NtXm]m[ym- b - b psS
c-hm-Zn-Iƒ Adn-bn-°p-∂pt≠m F∂- hp- I ƒ {KŸ- I m- c ≥Xs∂ \¬In- b n- ho£-W-ßsf hna-¿i-\mXvaI-ambn ]cn-
tim- [ n- ° p∂ IrXn Shubhada Joshi,
Xnte kwi-b-ap-≈q. ""aX-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ ´p≠vXm\pw. Ah ]cn-tim-[n-°mw. Lokayata: A Critical study (D.K. Publishers)
kzIm-cy-A-`n-{]m-b-ßfpw kwi-b-ßfpw Ref: 1995
shfn-s∏-Sp-ØmsX aX-Øns‚ km¶¬- 59. F≥.- F w. lpssk≥, {_lv a kq{Xw:
22. t]Pv 195 ssZzXtam AssZz-Xtam? (sF.]n.-F-®v),
∏nI KpW-ßsf hmgvØn Imew Ign-®n- 23. t]Pv 196 ]cnjvIcn® ]Xn-∏v, 2007
cp∂ ""Ime-am-bn-cp∂p \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn- 24. t]Pv 197 60. t]Pv 400
cp-∂-sX∂v {KŸ-Im-c≥ Xs∂ as‰m-cn- 25. t]Pv 199 61. t]Pv 401
SØv Fgp-Xp-∂p.(70) aX-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ aX- 26. t]Pv 185 62. t]Pv 401
hn-cp≤ Nn¥-Iƒ aqSn-sh®v aX-Øns‚ 27. t]Pv 198 63. s{]m^: F≥.-hn.-]n. DÆn-Øn-cn, {]mNo\
28. t]Pv 363 `mc-Xob Z¿i\w (Nn¥ ]_vfn-tj-gvkv)
KpW-ßsf hmgvØn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂m¬ 29. t]Pv 285 1993, t]Pv 185
aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v aX-hn-cp≤ Nn¥-Iƒ 30. t]Pv 165 64. ta¬Ir-Xn, t]Pv 185˛186
Adn-bm-\m-hp-∂-sX-ßs\? 31. t]Pv 201 65. hni- Z mw- i - ß ƒ°v "{_lvakq{Xw:
32. t]Pv 202 ssZzXtam AssZz-Xtam?' F∂ IrXn-bnse
{KŸ-Im-c≥ thsdm-cn-SØv Ipdn-°p- 33. t]Pv 26
∂p: ""Ahn-izmkn F∂m¬ ]m]n F∂v H∂mw A[ym-bw.
34. Richard Dawkins, The God Delusion, P.163 66. t]Pv 43
aX kaqlw DZm-c-ambn Bt£-]n-°p- 35. The God Delusion, PP 163-233 67. t]Pv 26
tºmƒ _p≤n-am-\mb Ahn-izmkn \n»- 36. t]Pv 182 68. t]Pv 12
_vZ-\mbn aX-hn-izm-ksØ Xmßnbpw 37. t]Pv 183 69. t]Pv 23
38. t]Pv 182 70. t]Pv 19
]n¥p-Wbpw AXn-ep-s≠∂v {]N-cn-∏n-°- 39. t]Pv 183 71. t]Pv 198
s∏-Sp∂ \√ hi-ßsf {]Io¿Øn®pw 40. t]Pv 184 (XpScpw)
Pohn-°p-∂p.''(71) Ahn-izmkn aX-hn-izm- 41. t]Pv 190
2011 sabv 41
! £abn¬ aplΩZv \_ntb°mƒ tbipht√ t{i„≥?
! Pnkvbsb apkvenw kwLS\Iƒ AwKoIcn°p∂nt√?
! I¿am\pjvTm\߃°v kmaqlyt£a{]h¿Ø\ßtf°mƒ
ap≥KW\tbm?
Iq-Sn-°m-gv-N-
hy`nNmcIp‰Øn\mbn {]hmNIk∂n[nbn¬ lmPcm°nb Hcp bphXnsb CkvemanI icoAØv
tbiphpw tamsibpw apl-ΩZv \_n-bp- W-sa-∂mWv Ckvem-anI \nb-aw. as‰m- lpthm {]hm-N-It\m ]d-™n-´n-√. F-
sa√mw temI-c-£n-Xmhv \ntbm-Kn® cp- h n- [ - Ø n¬ ]d- ™ m¬ \mep- t ]¿ ∂mepw in£ G‰p-hm-ßn-bmte Bfl-
{]hm--NI- ∑
- m-cm-Wv. Ah-sc√mw {]h¿Øn- Im¨sI ]c-ky-ambn hy`n-N-cn® hnhm- ip≤n ssIhcq F∂ [mc-W-tbmsS
®Xv c£n-Xm-hns‚ \n¿tZ-i{- ]-Im-ca - m-Wv. ln-X\v/hnhm-ln-X-bv°mWv Fdn-™p- Nne¿ \_n bpsS apºmsI Ip‰w
Ah-sc√mw Icp-W-Im-Wn-t°-≠-h-tcmSv sIm-√p-I- F∂ in£ \S-∏m-°p-I. hnhm- Xpd∂v ]d-™-t∏mƒ BZyw At±lw
IcpW ImWn-°p-Ibpw I¿°-i-ambn l-Øn-\p-ti-jhpw ]c-ky-ambn hy`n-N- Ah-K-Wn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. in£
s]cp-am-td-≠-htcmSv Aß-s\-Øs∂ cn-°p∂ hy‡n km∑m¿KnI \njvT A-\q-`-hn-°-W-sa∂ \n¿_-‘-_p-≤n-
s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw sNbvXh - c
- m-Wv. hnhm-ln- ]pe¿Øp-∂ Hcp kaq-l-Øn\v F{X tbmsS Ah¿ Bh¿Øn-®p I - p‰kΩXw
X-cmb hy`n-Nm-cn-I-sf Fdn-™p-sIm-√- Kpcp-X-c-amb `oj-Wn-bmWv Db¿Øp-∂- \S-Øn-b-t∏m-gmWv \_n in£ \S-
W-sa∂ I¬]\ ss__nƒ ]gb \nb- sX∂v Duln-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu in£- ∏m--°n-b-Xv. (_p-Jmcn 6825mw \wº¿
a-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv. AXv d±m-°p-I-b√ bv°v hnt[-b-\m-hp∂ as‰mcp I£n lZoYv t\m°p-I.) Hcp `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-
tbip sNbvX-Xv. hy`n-Nmcw Dƒ]sSbp- Xm≥ hy`n-N-cn-®p-sh∂v ]c-ky-ambn sb∂ \ne-bn¬ {Inan-\¬ Ip‰-߃°v
≈ ]m]-߃ sNbvX Iptd Bfp-Iƒ {]Jym-]n-°p∂ hnhm-ln-X-\m-Wv. cl- in£ \S-∏m-°m≥ \_n _m[y-ÿ-
hy`n-Nm-cnsb Fdn-™p-sIm-√m≥ apXn¿- ky-ambn sX‰v sNbvX hy‡n AXv ]c- \m-bn-cp∂p. F¶nepw am∏p \¬Ip-∂-
∂-t∏mƒ ]m]n-Iƒ°v ]m]n-Isf in£n- ky-ambn ]d-™p-\-S-t°≠ bmsXm-cm- Xn\pw in£ Hgn-hm-°p-∂-Xn\pw Xs∂-
°m≥ [m¿an-I-ambn Ah-Im-i-an-s√∂ h-iy-hp-an-√. ]m]w s]mdp-Øp-In-´m≥ bmWv At±lw ap≥K-W\ \¬In-b-Xv.
bmYm¿Yyw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-I-bmWv Abm-ƒ B{K-ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ a‰mcpw Xs∂bpw hnizm-kn-I-sfbpw \nc-¥cw
At±lw sNbvX-Xv. tIƒ°msX A√m-lp-thmSv Bflm¿Y- th´-bm-Snb i{Xp-°ƒ°v apgp-h≥ a°m-
hy`n- N m- c n- I sf Xnc- ™ p- ] n- S n®v ambn ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-Ibpw ]n∂o- hn-Pb thf-bn¬ At±lw s]mXp-am∏v
in£n-°m≥ apl-ΩZv \_n Bscbpw sSm-cn-°epw sX‰v Bh¿Øn-°p-I-bn- \¬Inb kw`hw {]kn-≤-am-Wv. tbip
Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´n-√. \mep ZrIvkm- s√∂v ZrV-\n-›bw sNøp-I-bp-amWv `c- W m- [ n- I m- c n- b m- b n- ´ n- s √- ∂ - X n- \ m¬
£n-If - psS ]n≥_-ea - n-√msX Bcp-sS-sb- th≠-Xv. `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bpsS apºmsI At±-l-Øn\v in£ hn[n-°p-Itbm \S-
¶nepw ta¬ hy`n-Nm-c Ip‰w Btcm-]n- Ip‰w Xpd∂p ]d™v in£ G‰p-hm-ßn- ∏m-°p-Itbm sNtø≠ Bhiyw C√m-
®m¬ Abmƒ°v 80 ASn in£-\¬I- bmte tam£w e`n- ° q- s h∂v A√m- bncp-∂p- F-∂-XmWv kXyw.
2011 sabv 42
? C°gn™ \nbak`msXscs™Sp∏n\nSbn¬ Hcp aXI£ns°Xnsc CSXp cm{„ob ]m¿´n \SØn-
b Hcmtcm]Ww Ah¿ Pnkvb (aX\nIpXn) AwKoIcn°p∂psh∂mWv F∂pw, AhcpsS XmØznIm-
Nmcy≥ AXn\\pIqeambn ]pkvXIsagpXnbn´ps≠∂pambncp∂p. bYm¿YØn¬ Pnkvbsb B
I£n am{XamtWm AwKoIcn°p∂Xv? tIcfØnse a‰p I£nIfpw CXwKoIcn°p-∂nt√?
˛kp`mjv Nme∏pdw
Pnkvb kw_-‘n® sX‰p-[m-cW Øpw a‰p \nIp- X n- I fpw \¬Im\pw ]Icw Aapkvenw ]uc-∑m¿ \¬tI≠
Aap-kvenw-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ F°m-ehpw cmjv{S-Øns‚ kpc-£°v th≠n ssk- GI \nIp-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv. CXv eLq-I-cn-
\ne-\n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. apkvenw-]-£-Øp- \nI tkh\w \n¿h-ln-°m\pw _m[y- °m\pw hnja-ap-≈-h¿°v Cfhv \¬-
\n∂v F{X {]mh-iyw hni-Zo-I-cn°-s∏- ÿ-cm-Wv. Aapkvenw ]uc-∑m¿°v Cu Im\pw apkvenw `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ°v
´mepw a‰p-≈-h¿ AXns\ aX-\n-IpXn _m[y-X-I-sfm-∂p-an-√. Ah-cpsS kpc- A[n-Im-c-ap-≠v. Cu hnj-b-I-ambn apkv-
F∂p-Xs∂ hnfn-°p-∂p. Ckvem-anI £ Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øm≥ Ckvem-anI `c-W- enw kwL-S-\-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ A`n-{]mb
cmjv{S-Ønse apkvenw ]uc-∑m¿ kIm- IqSw _m[y-ÿ-hp-am-Wv. CXn-s\ms° hyXym-k-ap-≈-Xmbn Adn-hn-√.
2011 sabv 43
Ckvemans\
]p\¿hmbn°p∂htcmSv...
aplvkn≥ sFZoZv, s]m∂m\n ■-
Ckvemw ]cn]q¿WamWv.
hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ A°mcyw {]Jym]n®p. ""C∂v Rm≥ \n߃°v \nßfpsS
aXw ]q¿Ønbm°n X∂ncn°p∂p. F-s‚ A\p{Klw \n߃°v Rm≥ \ndth‰n-
ØcnIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p. aXambn Ckvemans\ Rm≥ \n߃°v Xr-]v-Xn-s∏´v
X∂ncn°p∂p.'' (5:3)
]e cwKØpw ]cn]q¿Wa√mØ \n¿tZi߃ sh®p]pe¿Øp∂ aXkaqlß-
fn¬ Cu hN\w krjvSn® A-¤p-Xw sNdpX√mbncp∂p. aXw ]q¿ØoIcn°s∏SpI-
tbm?! A¤pXw Xs∂! C\nsbm∂pw AXnte°v Iq´n-t®-¿-°m-\n-s√-∂v ss[cyk-
taXw {]Jym]n°m≥ Hcp aXØn\v km[ns®t∂m? Cu aXw kºq¿WamsW∂v
ss[cyktaXw {]Jym]n-°m-≥ Hcp thZ{KŸØn\pw AXns‚ A\pbmbnIƒ°pw
km[n°ps∂t∂m?
Ah¿ B A¤pXw ad®p sh®n√. Da¿ hns‚ ASp°¬ Hcp blqZ≥ IS∂p
h∂p. Abmƒ ]d™p: ""hn-ip-≤ Jp¿B\n¬ \n߃ ]mcmbWw sNbvXp sIm≠n-
cn°p∂ Hcp hN\w R߃s°ßm\pambncp∂p A-hX - c- n-°s
- ∏-´s
- X¶n¬ AXhX-
cn® Znhkw R߃ BtLmjZn\am°pambncp∂p.'' Da¿ tNmZn®p: ""GXmWv
B BbØv?'' A-t±-lw ]d™p: ""C∂v Rm≥ \n߃°v \nßfpsS aXw ]q¿Øn-
bm°n X∂ncn°p∂p. F-s‚ A\p{Klw \n߃°v Rm≥ \ndth‰nØcnIbpw
2011 sabv 44
ASp°f apX¬ A¥mcmjv{SXew hsc
Ckvemans‚ hn[nhne°pIƒ°v
ÿm\ap≠v. AhnsS a\pjyPohnXØns‚
H-cp sNdnb \nanjw t]mepw Hgn™p
\n¬°p∂n√. {]Imi]qcnXamb,
F√mbnStØ°pw shfn®w hoip∂
ssZhnIa-Xw˛AXv Ckvemw am{Xw.
sNbvXncn°p∂p. aXambn Ckvemans\ Rm≥ \n߃°v Xr-]v-Xn-s∏´v X∂n- °p∂psh¶n¬ (AXmWv th≠- X v )
cn°p∂p.'' (5:3) F∂ BbØv. (_pJmcn) AXmWv DØahpw IqSpX¬ \√ ]cyh-
Xs‚ hnShm߬ {]`mjW thfbn¬ {]hmNI≥ tNmZn®p: (\msf ]ctem- km\ap≈Xpw.'' (4:59)
IØv) \nßtfmSv Fs∂ Ipdn®v tNm-Zn°pw. At∏mƒ \n߃ F¥p ]dbpw? {]hmNI≥ Cu am¿KtcJIfn-
{]hmNIs‚ A\pNc∑m¿ ]d™p: ""Aßv (A√mlphns‚ aXw) F-Øn®pXcn- eqsS Xs‚ A\pNc∑msc hgn\SØn-
Ibpw, (G¬]n°s∏´ DØchmZnØw) \ndth‰pIbpw, Rßsf KpWtZmjn°pI- bXp ImcWamWv Ah¿°nSbn¬ `n-∂-
bpw sNbvXn´p≠v F∂v R߃ km£yw hln°p∂p.'' BImiØnte°pw P\- X- I - ƒ °p tijw sFIyap≠mbXv .
ßfnte°pw Xs‚ hnc¬Nq≠n aq∂p XhW {]hmNI≥ ]d™p: ""A√mlpth \n mc{]iv\߃°p th≠n Bbnc-
\o km£nbmWv.'' (apkvenw) ßfpsS IgpØdp°p∂, Ime߃ \o-
{]hmNI≥ ]dbpIbp≠mbn: ""A√mlp \nßtfmSv I¬]n® Hcp Imcyhpw ≠p-\n-¬-°p∂ bp≤߃°v t\XrXzw
\nßtfmSv I¬]n°msX Rm≥ hn-´n-´n√. A√mlp \nßtfmSv hntcm[n® Hcp \¬Inbncp∂ Atd_y≥ P\X sFIy-
Imcyhpw \nßtfmSv hntcm[n°msXbpw Rm≥ Hgnhm°nbn´n√.'' (_-bv-l-Jn) Øns‚bpw HcpabpsSbpw kvt\lXoc-
{]hmNI≥ ]d™p: \nßsf Rm≥ hnt´®v t]mIp∂Xv {]Imi]qcnXamb tØ°v H-gp-InsbØnbXv B hgnIfneq-
Hcp hgnbnemWv. AXns‚ ]m-Xn-cm-hpIƒ ]IepIƒ t]mse {]tim`nXamWv. sSbmbncp∂p.
kzbw \in®h\√msX AXn¬ \n∂v sX‰nt∏mIpIbn√.'' (AlvaZv) Jp¿B≥ A°mcyw Ahsc Hm¿a-
{]hmNI A\pNc∑mcn¬ s]´ A_qZ¿ ]dbp∂p: hmbphn¬ NndIn´Sn°p∂ s∏SpØp∂Xv t\m°q. ""\n߃ At\ym-
Hcp ]£nsb Ipdn®v t]mepw F-s¥¶nepw Hcp Adnhv R߃°v ]I¿∂pXcmsX \yw i{Xp°fmbncp∂t∏mƒ \n߃°v
{]hmNI≥ hnS ]d™pt]mbn´n√.'' (Xz_vdm\n, kn¬kn-eØ - p- zlolx :1803) A-√mlp sNbvX A\p{Klw Hm¿°p-
t\m°q! Ckvemans‚ G‰hpw {]IShpw A¤pXIchpamb khntijX. Ibpw sNøpI. Ah≥ \nßfpsS a\ p-
]q¿ØoIcn°s∏´ aXw! ka{Kw k-ºq-¿Ww! Iƒ XΩn¬ Iq´nbnW°n. Aßs\ A-
hs‚ A\p{KlØm¬ \n߃ ktlmZ-
ASp°f apX¬ A¥mcmjv{SXew hsc Ckvemans‚ hn[nhne°pIƒ°v
cßfmbnØo¿∂p. \n߃ AKv\nIp-
ÿm\ap≠v. AhnsS a\pjyPohnXØns‚ H-cp sNdnb \nanjw t]mepw Hgn™p
WvTØns‚ h°nembncp∂p. F-∂n-´-Xn-
\n¬°p∂n√. F√mbnStØ°pw {]Imi]qcnXamb shfn®w hoip∂ ssZhnIa-
¬ \n∂v \nßsf Ah≥ c£s∏SpØn.
Xw˛AXv Ckvemw am{Xw.
A{]Imcw A√mlp Ahs‚ ZrjvSm¥-
aeaq{X hnk¿÷\ acymZIsf Ipdn®v Ckvemw kwkmcn°pw. A¤pXw ߃ \n߃°v hnhcn®pXcp∂p; \n-ß-
Iqdpt∂m \n߃? AXns\ Ipdn®v tNm-Zn-°s∏´t∏mƒ k¬am\p¬ ^mcnkn ƒ t\¿am¿Kw {]m]n°phm≥ th≠n.''
A`nam\tØmsS ]d™p: ""AsX! RßfpsS {]hmNI≥ AXpw Rßsf ]-Tn- (3:103)
∏n®n´p≠v.'' a\pjyPohnXØns‚ \nJne taJeIfnte°pw shfn®w hoip∂Xmbn
as‰mcp aXhpw temIØn√, C-kv-em-a-√m-sX-! Zn\mdpIfpsS Inep°w tIt´m, `qan-
°Snbn¬ Hfn™ncn°p∂ kz¿WsØ
C°meL´Ønepw ss[cytØmsS GXp {]iv\ßsfbpw t\cnSm≥ Ckv- ]‰n Adn™Xp sImt≠m A√ Ah¿
eman\pw apkvenwIƒ°pw ss[cyw \-¬-Ip-∂-sX¥mWv? l÷Øp¬ hZmC¬
H-cpan®Xv. {]hmNI≥ tbmSv Xs∂
]q¿ØoIcn°s∏´ ssZhnIaXsØ AXn{ioLw ]ptcmKan®psIm≠ncn°p∂ tem-
Jp¿B≥ A°mcyw Hm¿as∏SpØn.
I{IaØn¬ XfcmsX, InX°msX \ne\n¿Øp∂ LSIßsf¥mWv?
""hnizmknIfpsS lrZb߃ XΩn¬
kwiban√. ssZhnI {KŸsa∂Xn¬ Hcp kwibhpan√mØ Jp¿B\pw Ah-≥ CW°ntN¿°pIbpw sNbvXncn-
AXns‚ hniZoIcWamb {]-hm-NI - - -bpsS Ncybpw Xs∂ AXn\p≈ DØcw.
- ≥ °p∂p. `qanbnep≈Xv apgph≥ \o sNe-
GsXmcp hnjbØnepw A`n{]mb`n∂Xbp≠mbm¬ aSt°≠Xv Jp¿-B- hgn®m¬ t]mepw AhcpsS lrZb߃
\nte°pw kp∂Ønte°pamWv. Jp-¿-B-≥ Xs∂ A°mcyw ]d™p: ""h√ X- Ω n¬ CW°ntN¿°m≥ \n\°v
ImcyØnepw \n߃°nSbn¬ `n∂n∏p≠mIpIbmsW¶n¬ \nßfXv A√m-lp-hn- km[n°pambncp∂n√. F∂m¬ A√m-
te-°pw dkqente°pw aS°pI. \n߃ A√mlphnepw A¥yZn\Ønepw hnizkn- lp Ahsc XΩn¬ CW°ntN¿Øncn-
2011 sabv 45
°p∂p. Xo-¿®bmbpw Ah≥ {]Xm]n-
bpw bpIvXnam\pamIp∂p.'' (8:63)
Ncn{Xw: ]T\Øn\pw Xncn®dnhn\pw
Hcpabn¬ Pohn®psIm≠ncn°p∂
Xs‚ A\pNc∑mtcmSv Xs∂ hcm\ncn-
°p∂ AXn`oIcamb `n∂n∏ns\ Ip-dn-
®v {]hmNI≥ ]d™p sImSpØncp-
∂p. At±lw ]d™p: ""blqZ¿ Fgp]-
Øn H∂v I£nIfmbn `n∂n®p. ss{I-
kvXh¿ Fgp]Ønc≠mbpw `n∂n®p.
Fs‚ kapZmbw Fgp]Øn aq∂v I£n-
Ifmbn `n∂n°pI Xs∂ sNøpw.'' (A- {]hmNI≥ bYm¿Y am¿KtcJIfneqsS Xs‚
_qZmhqZv, A¬_m\n lk\m°n)
A\pNc∑msc hgn\SØnbXp ImcWamWv
temIØns‚ s\dpIbn¬ {]Imin-
®psIm≠ncn°p∂ Ckvemans‚ BZ¿-
Ah¿°nSbn¬ `n-∂-X-I-ƒ°p
i߃°v \msf A]cnNnXXzw A-\p-`- tijw sFIyap≠mbXv. \n mc{]iv\߃°p th≠n
h-s∏-Spw F∂v {]hmNI≥ {]hNn°p- Ime߃ \o-≠p-\n-¬-°p∂ bp≤߃°v t\XrXzw
Ibp≠mbn. ""Ckvemw A]cnNnXambm-
Wv Bcw`n®Xv. Bcw`n® {]Imcw A-
\¬Inbncp∂ Atd_y≥ P\X sFIyØns‚bpw
]- c n- N n- X XzØnte°v AXv aSßpI HcpabpsSbpw kvt\lXoctØ°v H-gp-InsbØnbXv B
Xs∂ sNøpw.'' (apkvenw) hgnIfneqsSbmbncp∂p.
Ckvemw F∂ t]cv \in®p t]mIp-
sat∂m, apkvenwIƒ Xo¿Øpw \mamh-
tijambnØocpsat∂m A√ {]hmNI-
h-N\Øns‚ s]mcpƒ. adn®v Ckveman- apkvenw kaqlØn¬ `n∂n∏pIfp- Xmbn Fs¥¶nepw D≠m°nbm¬ AXv
s‚ {]Imihpambn a°bn¬ {]hmN- ≠mIpsa∂v {]hmNI≥ ap≥]v X- X-≈-s∏tS≠XmWv.'' (_pJmcn)
I≥ h∂t∏mƒ XßfpsS B-Z-¿-i- s∂ {]hNn®n´ps≠∂mWv ]d™p h- as‰mcn°¬ {]hmNI≥ ]d™p:
]n-Xm-hns‚ aXambncp∂n´p IqSn a°- ∂-Xn-s‚ Npcp°w. F∂m¬ Cu `n∂n∏p- ""Bsc¶nepw Rm≥ I¬]n°mØXv
bnse _lpssZhmcm[I¿ Ckveman- Ifp≠mbXns‚ ImcWßfmWv \ap°v aXImcyØn¬ {]h¿Øn®m¬ AXv X-
s‚ BZ¿i BNmc coXnIsf A-]-cn- Adntb≠Xv. ≈-s∏tS≠XmWv.'' (apkvenw)
Nn-X-sa-∂v hnfn®p Bt£]n®p. Xßfp- Ckvemw ]cn]q¿WamsW∂v ]d- Cu ASnÿm\XØzw apkvenw kaq-
sS ]q¿h]nXm°ƒ°v ]cnNban√mØ ™pht√m. ]cn]q¿Wamb aXØnte- lw a\ nem°nbn√ F∂nSØp \n∂m-
aXsa∂v Bt£]n®p. Cu Ahÿ h- °v C\nsbm∂pw Iq´nt®¿t°≠Xmbn Wv ]nghpIfpsS Bcw`w. ]e {]-h-¿-
cpw-`m-hn-bn¬ Ckveman\v h∂ptNcpw C√. ]q-¿Wambn \nd™p \n¬°p∂ Ø-\ßfpw˛Ahbn¬ NneXv _mlym¿-
F∂mWv {]hmNIhN\Øns‚ s]m- Hcp ]m{XØnte°v ]pdta \n∂v Fs¥- YØn¬ hfsc \√Xmbncp∂p˛ Ckvem-
cpƒ. ¶nepw CSpIbmsW¶n¬, ]m{XØnep- ante°v ISØn°q´phm\p≈ {i-a-ß-
bYm¿Y Ckvemans‚ BZ¿i \ne- ≈Xv ]p-dtØ°v t]mImsX AXnte°v fp≠mbn. NnebmfpIƒ A√mlphns\
]mSpIsf ad∂v AXn\v t\¿hn]coX- Fs¥¶nepw {]thin°pIbn√ F∂ am{Xta \mw hn[nI¿Øm°fm-°pIbp-
amb hnizmk߃ sh®p ]pe¿Øp∂ Imcyw Xo¿®bmWv. CtX{]Imcw X-s∂- ≈q, am\pjnIamb hnjbßfn¬ A-
A- h - ÿ Ifnte°v apkv e nwkaqlw bm-Wv Ckvemans‚ Imcyhpw. `n{]mbhyXymk߃ Xo¿°m≥ a\p-
FØnt®cpsa∂ {]hmNI hN\Øn- Ckvemw ]q¿ØoIcn°s∏´ncn°p- jysc hn[nI¿Øm°fm°p∂Xv Ckv-
s‚ ]pe¿® \man∂v I≠psIm≠ncn-°p- ∂p F∂ hnip≤ Jp¿B\ns‚ {]Jym- eman¬ \n∂p≈ ]pdØpt]m°mWv F-
∂p. C-kvemanI hnizmk߃°v ISI- ]\Øn\v tijw C\n AXnte°v H- ∂v P¬]n®p. kq£vaXbpsS Atßb-
hncp≤amb hn{Klmcm[\bnte°v hsc ∂pw Iq-´nt®¿t°≠Xn√ F∂ ASn- ‰w F∂v tXm∂n∏n°p∂ cq]Øn¬ sN-
apkvenw kaqlw FØnt®cpsa∂v {]- ÿm\XØzw F√mhcpw a\ nemt°- dptXm heptXm Bb ]m]߃ kw-`-
hm-NI - {]hNn°pIbp≠mbn´p≠v.
- ≥ ≠Xp≠v. AØcw Iq´nt®¿°epIƒ hn-°p-∂hscsb√mw Ah¿ Ckveman¬
At±lw ]dbpIbp≠mbn: ""Fs‚ kaq- _mlyambn \-√XmsW∂v tXm∂n°- \n∂v ]pdØmWv F∂v ap{Z IpØphm≥
lØnse Hcp hn`mKw hn{Klßsf B- s∏´mepw Ah ]n¥pScm≥ Hcp apkvenw Bcw`n®p.
cm-[n°p∂Xp hsc A¥yZn\w kw`hn- _m[yÿ\√. P\߃°p ap≥]n¬ Ah¿ Atß-
°pIbn√.'' (A_qZmhqZv, A¬_m\n {]hmNI≥ ]d™p: Bsc¶n- b‰sØ `‡cmbncp∂p. Ah¿ [mcmfw
kzlolm°n) epw Cu aXØns‚ ImcyØn¬ ]pXp- Jp¿B≥ ]mcmbWw sNøp∂p, Zo-¿-L-
2011 sabv 46
ko-¬°mc i_vZßsfbpw, t_mw_v
Ckvemans‚ {]Imihpambn
kvt^mS\ßfpsS ImXS∏n°p∂ i_v-
a°bn¬ {]hmNI≥ ZtLmjsØbpw kvt\ln°m≥ ]Tn-∏n-
h∂t∏mƒ XßfpsS B-Z-¿-i- °p-∂ hnImcPohnIƒ°pw CØcsam-
cp Nn¥bpw ]T\hpw A\nhmcyambn-
]n-Xm-hns‚ aXambncp∂n´p
´p≠v.
IqSn a°bnse Ckvemans\ BZnaIme°m¿ a\ n-
_lpssZhmcm[I¿ em°nbXp t]mse a\ nem°Wsa∂v
Ckvemans‚ BZ¿i˛BNmc iTn°p∂ aXauenIhmZnIfmb Hcp
]‰w A]cnjvIrXhmZnIfmWv Xo{hhm-
coXnIsf A-]-cn-Nn-X-sa-∂v ZØns‚bpw `oIchmZØns‚bpw
hnfn®p Bt£]n®p. h‡m°ƒ F∂v ]Tn∏n°m≥ ]mSps]-
XßfpsS ]q¿h]nXm°ƒ°v ´p ]WnsbSp°p∂h¿°pw CØcw
Nn¥Iƒ AXy¥mt]£nXamWv.
]cnNban√mØ aXsa∂v
]pØ≥{]hWXIƒ: \∑bntet°m
ambn \akvImcßfn¬ G¿s∏Sp∂p, Bt£]n®p. Cu Ahÿ h- \miØntet°m?
hfsc PohnXhnc‡n tXm∂n∏n°p∂
hkv{X߃ [cn°p∂p. {]hmNI-m\p-
cpw-`m-hn-bn¬ Ckveman\v Ckvemans‚ alØcamb {]Imi-
Nc∑mcn¬ {][m\nbmbncp∂ C_v\p h∂ptNcpw F∂mWv ambncp∂p ImS∑mcmb Atd_y≥ kaq-
A∫mkv AhcpsS Bcm[\Ifnse {]hmNIhN\Øns‚ lsØ temIØns‚ Np°m≥ ]n-Sn-°p-
{]ISamb \∑sb ]‰n ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m- ∂ t\Xm°fm°n Xo¿ØXv F∂Xv
bn. ]t£, Ah¿ kzoIcn® am¿Kw
s]mcpƒ. Gh¿°pw Adnbp∂ Ncn{X hkvXp-
Jp¿B\n\pw {]hmNINcy°pw tbm- XbmWv.
Pn®Xmbncp∂n√. CkvemanItem-Iw A- "Dadns‚ `cWamWv kzX{¥ C¥y-
h-sc JhmcnPpIƒ F∂v t]cphnfn®p bn¬ Rm\m{Kln°p∂ `cWw' F∂v
AI‰n \n¿ØpIbmWv sNbvXXv. Cßs\ At\Iat\Iw `n∂n∏pI- {]kvXmhn® Km‘nPnbpw, AXv B-h-¿-
CkvemanI hnizmk Imcyßfn¬ fpw On{ZXIfpw I£nXzßfpw. F¥p- Øn-®mh¿Øn®v DcphnSp∂ apkvenw
Gsd {][m\s∏´Xpw, BdmaXmbn sIm≠v Ckvemans\ t]msemcp i-‡- "_p≤nPohnIfpw' Gsdsbm∂pw Nn¥n-
{]hmNI≥ FÆn∏d™Xpw, A- hpw sI´pd∏p≈Xpamb aXØns‚ °mØ Hcp bmYm¿Yyap≠v. Da¿
√m-lp-hn-s‚ c£mI¿XrXzØnep≈ A\pbmbnIƒ°v Cu Ahÿ h∂p hns‚ am‰Øn\p ImcWamb Nn¥-
hnizmkØn¬ Dƒs∏Sp∂Xpamb Imcy- `hn®p F∂v ]cntim[n°pIbpw AXn- sbs¥∂Xv.
amWv hn[nhnizmkw. NnebmfpIƒ s‚ Im- c W߃ A]{KYn°pIbpw Da¿ hn\v Hcp Imeap≠mbncp∂p.
AXns\ \n-tj-[n®p. _p≤nbpsSbpw sNbv X m¬ Ckv e mans\Ipdn®v ]Tn- At±lØns‚ t]cp tI´m¬ a° InSp-
Nn¥bpsSbpw BfpIfmbn Ah¿ °m\m{Kln°p∂ AapkvenwIƒ°pw, ßnhnd°pambncp∂p. AßmSnbn¬ A-
Adnbs∏´p. ]t£ CkvemanI {]am- C-kv-em-an-I {]amWßfn¬ \n∂v AI- t±-lw FØnsb∂dn™m¬ P\߃
Wßsf \n-tj-[n-®p sIm≠mbncp∂p ∂pt]mbns°m≠ncn°p∂ apkv e nw- `bs∏´ncp∂p. kXytØmSp≈ At±l-
Ahcpw XßfpsS {]bmWw XpS¿∂Xv. Iƒ°pw hnip≤ Jp¿B\ns\bpw Xn- Øns‚ \ockw ImcWw P\߃ ]d-
JZvcnøm°ƒ F∂ t]cnemWv apkvenw cp-kp-∂-Øn-s\-bpw kao]nt°≠Xns‚ ™p: ""Dadns‚ IgpX Ckvemw kzoIcn-
kaqlw Ahsc ]-cnNbs∏SpØnbXv. coXnimkv{Xw a\ nemIpw F∂Xn¬ ®mepw Da¿ Ckvemw kzoIcn°n√.''
ap≥KmanIfmb ]finX∑m¿ Ahsc kwiban√.
Nn¥n°q. a°bnse ImS\mb B
i‡amb `mjbn¬ hna¿in°pIbpw hnip≤ Jp¿B\nse bp≤hpambn Dadn\mbncp∂p tdmabpw t]¿jybpaS-
X≈n°fbpIbpw sN-bvXp. _‘s∏´ BbØpIƒ sh´nam‰nbns√- ßp∂ hnimeamb B `uXnI km-{am-
{]hmNIIpSpw_sØ AanXambn ¶n¬ C¥ybnse apkvenwIsf√mw Iq- Py-Øn-s‚ `cWw Gs‰Sp°m≥ Ah-
]pIgvØn, X߃ Alvep¬ss_Øn- Sn AapkvenwIfpsS t\sc IpXnctIdp- kcw In´nbncp∂sX¶n¬ F¥mIpambn-
s‚ BfpIfmWv F∂v AhImis∏´p ∂ Nn{Xw `mhnbn¬ Xs∂bp≠mIpw F- cp∂p Ahÿ? temIw ]dbpambncp-
sIm-≠v IS∂ph∂ inbm°ƒ; Ahcp- ∂ `cWIqS Bi¶ {]ISn∏n® A-ap- ∂p: C-\nsbmcn°epw temIØv ]pe¿-
sS KXnbpw Gsd kam\ambncp∂p ap≥- kve- nw ktlmZc\pw, At±lsØ ]n¥p- ∂p ImWm\m{Kln°mØ `cWw Dadn-
]d™htbmSv. CkvemanI temIw A- W°p∂h¿°pw AØcsamcp ho≠p- t‚XmWv, F∂v.
hsc AI‰n\n¿Ønsb∂p am{Xa√, hnNmcw A\nhmcyhpamWv. F∂m¬ Da¿ amdn. At±lØns‚
C∂v inbm˛kp∂n F∂nßs\ {]ISam- hnip≤ Jp¿B\ns\bpw XncpNcy- a\ p amdn. Ckvemans‚ {]ImisØ
bn Xs∂ Ahcn¬ \n∂v thdn´p \n-¬- sbbpw s]m°n∏nSn®v aßnb shfn®- kzoIcn°m\mbn At±lØns‚ lr-Z-
°m-≥ apkvenwIƒ Xømdmbncn°p∂p. Øn¬ CSpßnb apdnbnencp∂v hmfns‚ b-sØ A√mlp hnimeam°n. B Da-
2011 sabv 47
dns‚ ssIIfnte°v `cWw FØnt®¿- bamIWsa∂pw ]dbp∂h¿ bYm¿Y-
∂t∏mƒ At±lw \man∂p ]dbp∂ {]- Øn¬ BSns\ ]´nbm°pIbmWv .
Im-cw DØa\mb `cWm[nImcnbmbn. temIN- c n- { XØn¬ \ne\n∂ncp∂
At±lØns‚ {]Jym]\w temI{]i- G‰hpw ImS∑mcmb kaqlØn\v
kvXw. ""bq{^´okns‚ \ZoXocØv Hcp kw`hn® ]cnh¿Ø\Øns‚ ta∑Iƒ
H´Iw acn®p hoWm¬ Cu Da¿ A-√m- Ah¿ Dd-s°-bp-ds° ]mSn∏pIgvØp-
lp-hns‚bSp°¬ DØcw ]dtb≠n ∂p, AtX BfpIƒ Xs∂ Ahcn¬
hcpat√m.'' \thmYm\w krjvSn® Ckvemans\ ]cn-
Da¿hns\ am‰nbXv Ckvemambn- jv-I-cn-°-W-sa-∂pw hmZn°p∂p! CsX-
cp∂p. B Ckvemw GXmWv? JhmcnPp- ¥p am{Xw henb hnVnØamWv.
Iƒ ]d™, C∂v aXcmjv{ShmZnIƒ {]hmNI≥ Xs‚ kapZmbsØ
]d-bp-∂, cmjv{Sob Ckvemtam? B Da¿ At±lØns‚ A¥na D]tZißfn¬
C¥ybn¬ {]iv \ ßfp≠m°psa∂p Bh¿Øn®mh¿Øn®v Hm-¿-a-s∏-SpØn-
]d™ Jp¿B\nse hN\߃ ImWp- bXv Rm≥ \nßfpsS ssIIfn¬ G¬-
Ibpw ]m-cmbWw sNøpIbpw sNbvXn- ]n®p t]mIp∂, Cu "]gb' Ckvemans\
´nt√? B Da¿ `oIchmZ Xo{hhmZ apdpsI ]nSn°Wsa∂mWv.
{]ÿm\ßfpsS Aca\Ifn¬ ]mcm- {]hmNI≥ Hcn°¬ A\pNc-∑m-
bWw sN-øp-∂ hmNI߃ tI´n´nt√? ¿°p ap∂n¬ Hcp {]`mjWw \SØn.
Dadns\bmtWm \n߃°v th≠Xv,
AX√ Dadns\ am‰nb Ckvemans\- Ckvemw ]q¿ØoIcn°s∏´ncn°p∂p F∂ hnip≤
tbm? Da¿ F∂ hy‡n Hcn°epw Xncn- Jp¿B\ns‚ {]Jym]\Øn\v tijw C\n AXnte°v H∂pw
®ph-cn√. ]t£ At±lsØ am‰nb,
IcpWbp≈h\m°n Xo¿Ø BZ¿iw, Iq-´nt®¿t°≠Xn√ F∂ ASnÿm\XØzw F√mhcpw
B thZ{KŸw, B {]hmNIamXr-II - ƒ a\ nemt°≠Xp≠v. AØcw Iq´nt®¿°epIƒ _mlyambn
C-∂pw \ne\n¬°p∂nt√? \-√XmsW∂v tXm∂nbmepw Ah ]n¥pScm≥
Ckv e manI temIsØ {]K¤
Hcp apkvenw _m[yÿ\√.
]finX\mb Camw amen°v CXn\m-
¬ Xs∂bmWv ]d™Xv: Cu k-ap-Zm-
b-Øn-s‚ BZy`mKw \∂mbXp sIm≠-
√msX CXns‚ Ahkm\ `mKhpw AhcpsS IÆpIƒ Cud\Wn™p. anemWv . A√msX CØcw ]pØ≥
\∂mhpIbn√.'' lrZb߃ InSpßnhnd®p. Hcp hnS- I≠p-]n-SpØßfne√. AXmWv Jp¿B-
hm߬ {]`mjWw t]msebmWv \n\pw {]hmNINcy°pw ]Tn∏n°m\p-
Hcp Ihn ]mSn:
AXh¿°\p`hs∏´Xv. {]hmNIt\mSv ≈Xv. C{Xbpw ]d™Xv CkvemanI
""\∑Isf√mw ]q¿hnIkcWbn¬ Ah¿ A¥ntam]tZi߃ \¬Im≥ kaqlØnep≠mbncn°p∂ `n∂n∏pI-
Xn∑Isf√mw ]n¬°me \n¿anXnbn- Bhiys∏´p. fpsS aqeImcWw hy‡am°m\mWv.
¬.'' {]hmNI≥ ]d™p: ""A√mlphn- F√m I-£nIfpw BZna Ckvemans\
Ckvemans\ ]cnjvIcn°Wsa∂p s\ kq£n°Wsa∂v Rm≥ \nßsf shSnbm\mWv [rXnIq´nbXv. kXyØn-
hmZn°p∂h¿ bYm¿YØn¬ Ckveman- D]tZin°p∂p. Im∏ncnbmb Hcp A-Sn- te°v hnfn°p∂ Hcp I£nsbmgnsI.
s‚ Bhn¿`mhØn\v ap≥]p≈ Xn-∑-bp- a-bmWv (t\Xmhmbncns°) \nßtfmSv A- h - c m- I - s ´ FÆØn¬ IpdhmWp
sS-bpw ImSØØns‚bpw A]cnjvIrX- I¬]n°p∂sX¶nepw tIƒ°pI; A\p- Xm\pw.
kaqlØns‚bpw Nn{Xßfnte°mWv kcn°pI. F\n°p tijw Pohn-°p-∂- CkvemanI kaqlØn¬ `n∂n∏p-
temIsØ ]nSn®phen°p∂Xv. Im-cW - w h¿ Xo¿®bmbpw [mcmfw `n∂XIƒ ≠mIpsa∂p {]hNn® {]hmNI≥
Ckveman\v t\¿hn]coXw Ckveman\v ImWpI Xs∂ sNøpw. Fs‚ Ncybpw, F√m I£nIfpw \cIØnembncn°pw;
ap≥]p≈ AhÿbmWv . Jp¿B≥ Jeo^amcpsS Ncybpw \n߃°p≠v. H-s∂mgnsI F∂mWdnbn®Xv. Bcmbn-
tNmZn°p∂p: ""F∂ncns° bYm¿Yam- A-W∏√pIƒ sIm≠v apdpsI∏nSn°pI cn°pw hnPbn°p∂ B I£n F∂
bp≈Xn\v ]pdsa hgntIS√msX F¥m- \n-ßfhsb. ]pXpXmbn D≠m°p∂ {]mhmNIm\pNc∑mcpsS tNmZyØn\v
Wp≈Xv?'' (10:32) Imcyßsf kq£n°pI. F√mw ]p-Xp- A-t±-lw ]d™ adp]Sn {]k‡amWv:
Ckvemans\ ]cnjvIcn°Wsa∂pw, \n-¿anXnIfpw ]pØ\mNmcßfmWv.'' ""Rm\pw Fs‚ A\pNc∑mcpw GsXm-
BZyIme°m¿ AXns\ a\ nem°nb- (A_qZmhqZv, Xn¿anZn) cp am¿KØnemtWm, B am¿KØn¬ \n-
Xn¬ \n∂v hn`n∂ambn Imem-\pkr-X- Ckvemans‚ `wKnbpw at\mlmcn- e-sIm≈p∂h¿.'' (Xn¿anZn, A¬_m\n
am-b ]cnjvImc߃°v Ckvemw hnt[- Xbpw \ne\n¬°p∂Xv BZna Ckvem- lk\m°n)
2011 sabv 48
Npcp°n∏d™m¬ hnPbn°p∂ A√mØhscbmtWm? Ah\mIs´, A√mlphn\v IosgmXpßpI F∂p-
I£n˛Ah¿ BZna Ckvemans\ apdp- hniZhnhcßfp≈ thZ{KŸw \n-ß-ƒ- ≈XmWv G‰hpw \∑bp≈Xv . Hcp
sI]nSn°p∂hcmWv. B Ckvemw P-\- °n-d-°n-Ø-∂h\mIp∂p. AXv kXyhp- hnizmknbpsS ]°¬ \n∂p≠mth≠
ß-ƒ°p ap∂n¬ Nnet∏mƒ A]cnNn- ambn \ns‚ c£nXmhn¶¬ \n∂v Cd°- \ne-]m-Sv AXmbncn°Ww. ]p\¿hmb-
Xamtb°mw. B Ckvemans\bpw AXn- s∏´XmsW∂v \mw apºv thZ{KŸw \- \bpsSbpw, ]p\cmtemN\IfpsSbpw,
s‚ h‡m°sfbpw A-\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h- ¬-In-bn-´p-≈h¿°dnbmw. AXn\m¬ \o Xncs™Sp∏pIfpsSbpw thZn A√m-lp-
sc-°mƒ A[nIw [n°cn°p∂hcmtb- Hcn°epw kwibmep°fn¬ s]´pt]m- hn-s‚-bpw {]hmNIs‚bpw I¬]\I-ƒ-
°mw. A[m¿anI t]°qØpIƒ°nS- IcpXv.'' (6:114) °p ap∂nen√. A√mlp ]d™p: ""A√m-
bn¬ [¿aImlfw apg°p∂ Hcp ]‰w lphpw Ahs‚ dkqepw Hcp Imcy-Øn-
]cnanXamb `uXnINn¥IfpsS
\yq-\]£amtb°mw Ah¿. temImh- ¬ Xocpam\saSpØv Ign™m¬ kXy-
ASnÿm\Øn¬ \mw ]dbp∂Xv tI´n-
km\w hsc kXyØns‚ ]mXbn¬ hnizmknbmb Hcp ]pcpj∂mIs´,
s´ßm≥ aXw \n¿Wbn®p X-∂n-cp-s∂-
hnPbwhcn®v \n¬°p∂ hn`mKw A-h- kv{Xo°mIs´ XßfpsS ImcysØ kw-
¶n-¬ \Ωƒ Xs∂ _p≤napt´≠n ht∂-
cm-bn-cn-°pw. Cl˛]c PohnXßfn¬ _-‘n-®v kzX{¥amb A`n{]mbw D≠m-
t\. adn®v A√mlp Xr]vXns∏´v \sΩ
c£nXmhns‚ klmbhpambn kt¥m- bncn°mhp∂X√. h√h\pw A√mlp-
G¬∏n® aXsØ C-jv-S-s∏-Sm-\pw, A-
jw Adnbn°s∏Sp∂h¿ B sIm®p shbpw Ahs‚ ZqXs\bpw [n-°-cn-°p-
kw-L-am-Wv. Xn-s‚ at\mlmcnX ho£n°m\pamWv ∂ ]-£w Ah≥ hyIvXamb \nebn¬
\mw XømtdI≠Xv. hgn]ng®p t]mbncn°p∂p.'' (33:36)
IosgmXpßpI; ]]©{kjvSmhn\v...
kzlm_nItfmSv A√mlp ]d™- ho≠pw A√mlp ]d™p: ""C√,
A√mlp \¬Inb aXsØ ]q¿Wa-
Xp t\m°q.A√mlphns‚ dkqemWv \ns‚ c£nXmhns\Øs∂bmW k-
\t msS kzoIcn°m≥ \msa¥n\v
\n߃°nSbnep≈sX-∂v- \n߃ a-\- Xyw; Ah¿°nSbn¬ `n∂Xbp≠mb Im-
aSn°Ww? \mw \∑bmbn IcpXp∂Xv
nem°Ww. ]e Imcyßfnepw At±- cy-Øn-¬ Ah¿ \ns∂ hn[nI¿Ømhm-
\ap-°v Nnet∏mƒ \∑mbn `hn°Wsa-
lw \nßsf A\pkcn®ncps∂-¶n¬ °pIbpw, \o hn[nI¬]n®Xns\∏‰n
∂n√. Xn∑bpw A{]Imcw Xs∂. A√m-
\n߃ hnjan®v t]mIpambncp∂p. F- ]n∂oShcpsS a\ pIfn¬ Hcp hnja-
lphn\p am{Xta AXns\ Ipdn® ]q¿-
¶n-epw A√mlp \n߃°v kXyhnizm- hpw tXm-∂m-Xncn°pIbpw, AXv ]q¿W-
W-am-b hnhcw Adnbq.
ksØ {]nb¶cam°nØo¿°pIbpw, ambn kΩXn®v A\pkcn°pIbpw
Hcp Imcyw \n߃ shdp°pIbpw \nßfpsS lrZbßfn¬ AXv A-ew-Ir- sNøp∂Xp hsc Ah¿ hnizmknIfm-
(bYm¿YØn¬) AXv \n߃°v KpW- X-am-bn tXm∂n°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p- hpIbn-√.'' (4:65)
Icambncn°pIbpw sNømw. \nß-sfm-
∂p. Ahnizmkhpw A[¿Ωhpw A\p- {]amWßtfmSv ap≥KmanIfpsS
cp Imcyw CjvSs∏SpIbpw (bYm¿YØn-
kcWt°Spw \n߃°h≥ A-\n-jv-S- \ne]mSv
¬) \n߃°Xv tZmjIcambncn°pI-
I-c-am-°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p. Aß-
bpw sNbvsX∂pw hcmw. A√mlp A-dn- ap≥KmanIƒ Jp¿B\ns\ ]p\¿hm-
s\bp≈hcmIp∂p t\¿am¿Kw kzoIcn-
bp∂p. \n߃ Adnbp∂n√.'' (2:216) bn® tija√, {]hmNINcysb ]p\¿-
®h¿. A√mlphn¶¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp Hu-
GsXmcp hnjbØnepw IrXyambn hmb\°p hnt[bam°nbn´√ ap-t∂m-´p
Zm-cyhpw A\p{KlhpamIp∂p AXv.
hn[n I¬∏n°m≥ A√mlp aXnbmbh- t]mbXv. aZy]m\Øn¬ \n∂v hncan°m-
A√mlp k¿hPvR\pw bpIvXnam\pam-
\mWv. Ahs‚ I¬∏\Iƒ hy‡ambn \m-bnt√ F∂ tNmZyw Jp¿B\n¬
Ip∂p.'' (49:7˛8) AhXcn°s∏´t∏mƒ Da¿ ]d™p:
h∂ tijhpw XßfpsS Nn¥Iƒ°v
Ah tbmPn°p∂ns√∂ apc´v \ymbw Camw kplv c nbpsS hm°v Gsd ""R߃ hn- c an®ncn°p∂p, R߃
]d™v CØcw ]p\¿hmb\fn¬ apgp- {]k-‡w Xs∂: ""aXw A√mlphn¬ \n- hncan®ncn°p∂p.'' (A_qZmhqZv, Alv-
Ip∂h¿ Jp¿B\nse hN\ßsf ∂v, FØnt°≠ _m[yX {]hmN-I-\n- aZv, Xn¿anZn, A¬_m\n kzlolm-°n).
{i≤n®n´pt≠m? A√mlp ]dbp∂p: epw; \mw sNtø≠Xv AXn\v IosgmXp- Imeßfmbn Atd_y≥ kaqlØn¬
(]dbpI) At∏mƒ hn[nI¿Ømhmbn ßpI F∂Xpw.'' (_pJmcn apA√Jmbn \ne\n¬°p∂ kmwkvImcnI Nn”w,
Rm≥ At\zjnt°≠Xv A√mlp D≤cn®Xv). AXv \ntcm[n°m≥ R߃ k-ΩX - n-°n-
2011 sabv 49
s√∂v ]dbm≥ A∂mcpw Hcpsº´n´n√. A√mlphmsW, Rm≥ AsXmcn°epw kwc£n°m≥ A√mlp aXn, Ah≥
]p\¿hmb\°m¿°nt∂sd tZjyw C\n-sb-Sp-°p-I-bn√. {]hmNI≥ F√mw tI-ƒ-°p-∂-h-\pw F√mw Adn-
]¿ZtbmSmWt√m. ]¿Zs°Xnsc Ipcn- Fdn™p If™ncn°p∂p AXv . '' bp∂h\pas{X.'' (2:137)
ipbp≤ {]Jym]\w \bn®h¿ kzlm- (apkvenw) \∑Ifn¬ Ahsc ]n¥pS¿∂h¿-
_o h-\nXIƒ X-ß-fpsS HutZymKnI [mcmf°W°n\v Ncn{Xkw`h߃ °mWv A√mlp kz¿Kw Hcp°nsh®n´p-
hkv{Xambn ]¿Zsb kzoIcn®Xns‚ D≤cn°m\mbp≠v. F√mw kzlm_nI- ≈Xv. A√mlp ]d™p: ""ap-lm-Pn-dp-I-
Ncn{Xw Hcp XhWsb¶nepw tI´n´p- fpsS A\pkcWØns‚bpw Iosgm-Xp- fn-¬ \n∂pw A≥kmdpIfn¬ \n∂pw
t≠m? hn-‰m-an≥ Un R-߃ - °v \jvSs∏- ß-ens‚bpw DØa DZmlcW߃. ""C- BZyambn apt∂m´v h∂hcpw, kpIrXw
Spw, ASnaØØns‚ Icmf lkvXßfn- sXm∂pw RßfpsS bp‡n°v tbmPn- sNbvXpsIm≠v Ahsc ]n¥pS¿∂hcpw
¬ Rßsf Xf°m\p≈ KqVmtemN- °p∂X√, As√¶n¬ "C∂sØ Ime- B-tcm Ahsc∏‰n A√mlp kwXr]vX-
\, ]-¿±- b
- n-se "]' A-d_
- n A£camebn- L´Øn\v tbmPn®X√' Fs∂√mw ]-d- \mbncn°p∂p. Ahs\∏‰n Ahcpw
√(1) Fs∂ms° ]d™v kacw kwL- ™v Jp¿B\n\pw lZoYn\psaXnsc kwXr]vXcmbncn°p∂p. Xmgv`mKØv
Sn∏n°m≥ am{Xw B DΩam¿°v bqWn- Xncnbp∂h¿ XßfpsS CΩnWn _ey A-cp-hn-Iƒ HgpIns°m≠ncn°p∂ kz¿-
thgvkn‰n _n-cpZan√t√m? "D-Ω¿am¿- _p≤n am‰nsh®v a\p-jy-¿-s°-√m-h-¿-°p- KtØm∏pIƒ Ah¿°v Ah≥ Hcp°n-
s°mcp k¶Sl¿Pn' ka¿∏n°m≥ ap≈ kmam\y_p≤n D]tbmKn®v H∂v sh°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p. Fs∂-
A∂mIs´ apkvenwIƒ°nSbn¬ Imc- Nn¥n°m≥ XømdmtI≠ Nne Imcy- ∂pw A-hcXn¬ \nXyhmknI-fmbn-cn-
t»cn amjpan√. ßfp≠v. °pw. AXs{X alØmb `mKyw.'' (9:100)
Bbni ]d™p: ""BZyIme {]hmNI≥ lZoYv ]dbp∂ kZ- F∂m¬ Chsb√mw X≈n°fbpI-
aplmPndpIfmb kv{XoIƒ°v A√mlp n¬ AXv tI´ncn°pIbpw, A\pkcn- bpw, Atßb‰sØ AekXmat\m-
ImcpWyw sNøpamdmIs´. A√mlp A- °pIbpw sNbvXh¿°v A∂v ]d™ `mhw kzoIcn°pIbpw sNbvXv kzlm-
h-cp-sS a°\Iƒ Ip∏mbamdpIƒ°v t]-cv apkvenwIƒ F∂mbncp∂p. F∂m- _n-If- psS amXrIsb ]ndtIm´v hens®-
aosX Ah¿ XmgvØnbn´psIm≈s´ F- ¬ C∂v, "CsXm∂pw Fs‚ _p≤n°v dnbp∂h¿ \cIØns‚ AhIminIfm-
∂v ]d™t∏mƒ AhcpsS ]pSh Io-dp- sIm≈n-√', As√¶n¬ "C∂sØ Im- Im\mWv a’cn°p∂Xv. A√mlp ]d-
I-bpw AhcpsS amdv ad°pIbpw sNbv- eL- ´ - Ø n- \ v tbmPn®X√' F∂pw ™p: ""X\n°v k≥am¿Kw hyIvXambn-
Xp.'' (_pJmcn) ]d™v Dd™p-Xp≈n B kZ n¬ °gn™ tijhpw Bsc¶nepw ssZhZq-
XßfpsS bp‡nbnepw Nn¥bnepw \n∂v ]pdtØ°v t]mIm≥ ap-kvenw-I- X\pambn FXn¿Øv \n¬°pIbpw, k-
Xq°n°W°m°nbn´√ kzlm_n- fn-¬ \n∂v Xs∂ BfpIfp-≠mIp∂p. Xy- h n- i zm- k nIfpsSX√mØ am¿Kw
Ifmcpw Xs∂ hnip≤ Jp¿B\ns\bpw Cu Hscm‰ ImcyØn¬ Xs∂ Nn¥nt°- ]n¥pScpIbpw sNøp∂ ]£w Ah≥
Xncpkp∂Øns\bpw kzoIcn®Xv . ≠-h¿°p≈ i‡amb Xm°o-Xp-s≠∂v Xncn™ hgn°v Xs∂ \mw Ahs\
adn®Xv A√mlphpw {]hmNI\pw _p-≤n-bp≈h¿°v a\ nem-°m≥ {]-bm- Xncn-®p-hn-Sp-∂-Xpw, \cIØnen´v \ma-
Hcp Imcyw I¬]n®m¬ AXv Aw-Ko-I- k-an√. hs\ Icn°p∂XpamWv. AsX{X tami-
cn-°p-I F∂p≈Xmbncp∂p AhcpsS amb ]cyhkm\w!'' (4:115)
k®cnXcmb ap≥KmanIfmIs´
\ne]mSv.
amXrI Jp¿B\ns\bpw \_nNcysbbpw
h¿jßtfmfw apkvenwIƒ Xncn- kao]n°ptºmƒ sNdnsbmcp am\yX-
{]amW߃ a\ nem°p∂Xn¬
™p \akv I cn®ncp∂Xv akv P nZp¬ tbmsSsb¶nepw kao]n°m≥ {ian°p-
AJvk°p t\sc Xncn™p sIm-≠m-bn- \ap°v amXrIbmtI≠Xv kzlm_nI-
fmWv. AhcmWv Jp¿B\ns‚ {]Ya A- I F-∂mWv hna¿iItcmSv ]dbm\p-
cp-∂p. \akvImcØns‚ Jn_ve IAv_- ≈Xv. apkvenwIfpsS ImcyØn¬ Xebn-
bnte°v Xncn™p sIm≠mbncn°Ww `n-kw-t_m[nX¿. AXns‚ AhXcW-
]›mØew IrXyambn a\ nem°nb- Sptºmƒ A-{X-°-ßv am\yX ]pe¿Øn-
F∂ I¬]\ h∂ DSs\ Ah¿ A- bm¬ ]{XapØ»namcpsS t]PpIfn¬
tßm-t´°v \akvImcØn¬ Xs∂ Xncn- hcpw AhcmWv. Jp¿B\ns‚ hn-i-ZoI-
c-W-am-b {]hmNIhN\߃ tIƒ°p- t]cv A®Sn®p hcn√mbncn°mw, Ahm-
™p. (AlvaZv) AsX¥m C{Xbpw Im-
Ibpw a\ nem°pIbpw sNbvXhcpw ¿Uv thZnIƒ \n-ß-ƒ-°mbn Xpd°s∏-
ew Aßs\, Ct∏mƒ Cßs\ F∂p
kzlm_nIƒ Xs∂. ´nt√°mw, Nm\¬ IymadIƒ \nßfn¬
tNm-Zn°m≥ A-h¿ Xømdmbn√.
\n∂v AI∂pt]mtb°mw.
Hcn°¬ {]hmNI≥ HcmfpsS Ah¿ hnizkn®Xp {]Imcw hniz-
kn®memWv hnPbap≈Xv. Jp¿B≥ ]t£, \msfsbmcp ]ctemIaps≠-
Iøn¬ kz¿Ww sIm≠p≈ Hcp tamXn-
]d™p: ""\n߃ Cu hnizkn®Xv ∂Xv ad°cptX...
cw [cn®ncn°p∂Xmbn I≠p. {]hmNI-
≥ A-Xv Ducnsbdn™p. At±lw t]mse A-hcpw hnizkn®ncp∂m¬ Ah- Ref:
¿ t\¿am¿KØnembn°gn™p. Ah¿ (1)
AhnsS \n∂p t]mbt∏mƒ BfpIƒ ]¿Zbnse "]' Ad_n hm°√. ]t£
]d™p: ""\o tamXncsaSptØm. AXv ]n¥ncn™v IfbpIbmsW¶ntem Ad_nbn¬ Aßs\sbm∂ns√∂v AXn\¿-
AhcpsS \n- e ]mSv I£namXv k cyw Yan√. "Pn¬Pm_v' F∂ t]cmWv Ad_nIƒ
\n\°v a-s‰-s¥-¶nepw ImcyØn\v D]-
Imcs∏Spw.'' At±lw ]d™p: ""C√, am{XamIp∂p. Ahcn¬ \n∂v \ns∂ ]¿Z°p]tbmKn°p∂Xv.
2011 sabv 50