3G Design for ATM Operations Using Universal
Subscriber Identification Module
R.Sudhakar1, Mr.E.Nelson Daniel2
1 2
M.Tech (EST) second year, Assistant Professor-I Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Kalasalingam University
Anand Nagar, KrishnanKoil-626190, INDIA
E-mail: 1rsudhakareee@gmail.com, 2nelsondaniel.e@gmail.com
Abstract—ATM (Automated Teller Machine) systems have
become instant cash providers for people around the globe and
have increased in vast numbers in the past few years. At the
same time, occurrences of robbery have also increased in the
present. The existing security in these systems is lagging behind
in providing fool-proof security. This paper presents a secure
approach in rendering money with the help of a combination of
face recognition and SIM (Subscriber Identity Module)
identification technologies. The system recognizes the face of the
user with the help of image processing and GSM modem is used
to send SIM identity to the server database. The system is also
equipped with voice annunciation to provide a user-friendly
approach.
Keywords—ATM, GSM, LPC2148, Face-Recognition, SIM ID,
FAR and FRR
I. INTRODUCTION
Hundreds of new techniques of image recognition have
been developed over the last few years and are waiting for
actual applications. Everyday actions are increasingly being
handled electronically, instead of with pencil and paper or
face to face. This growth in electronic transactions has
resulted in a greater demand for fast and accurate user
identification and authentication. Access codes for buildings,
banks accounts and computer systems often use PIN's for
identification and security clearances. Using the proper PIN
gains access, but the user of the PIN is not verified as
authentic. This paper proposes the advantage of using face
recognition technique for verification of genuine user. The
information related to the customer is given to the bank
including his face image, and then bank will provide an SIM
ID to the user. The SIM ID acts like atm card for the customer
for money transaction. Hence from this system the card holder
only can take money from the bank thus enabling reliability
among user. This system proposes two approaches. First is to
provide authentication of the user which is performed by the
SIM ID and ARM controller. Second approach is recognition
of user identity by face recognition algorithm.
II. SPECIFICATION OF FACE
RECOGNITION
The importance of utilizing biometrics to establish
personal authenticity and to detect impostors is growing in the
present scenario of global security concern. Development of a
biometric system for personal identification.
Face recognition has been evolving as a convenient
biometric mode for human authentication for more than last
two decades. Basically Face Recognition is the process
through which a person is identified by his facial image. With
the help of this technique it is possible to use the facial image
of a person to authenticate him into any secure system.
Wavelet provides powerful signal analysis tools, which is
widely used in feature extraction, image compression and de-
noising applications. Wavelet decomposition is the most
widely used multi-resolution technique in image processing.
Due to the excellent time-frequency localization
characteristic, Wavelet transform provide powerful signal
analysis tools [19]. Images have typically locally varying
statistics that result from different combinations of abrupt
features like edges, of textured regions and of relatively low-
contrast homogeneous regions. While such variability and
spatial non-stationary defies any single statistical
characterization, the multi-resolution components are more
easily handled. Wavelet transform can be performed for every
scale and translation, resulting in continuous wavelet
transforms (CWT), or only at multiples of scale and
translation intervals, resulting in discrete wavelet transform
(DWT). Since, CWT provides redundant information and
requires a lot of computation, generally DWT is preferred.
Having processed a face and extracted the features, these
arrest ored or transmitted as a facial code (face template),
which can be as small as 84 bytes (Visionics). For each
representation type, a distance or similarity measure is defined
that allows ‘similar’ faces to be determined. Much of the art in
biometrics is in the design of a model of the biometric data
and, given a scheme for extracting the model parameters as a
representation of the data, in creating a similarity measure that
correctly discriminates between samples from the same person
and samples from different people. As with any biometric
system, some threshold on similarity must be chosen above
which two face images are deemed to be of the same person.
Altering the threshold gives different False Accept and
False Rejection Rates trading the one off against the other
depending on the security level required. This is a trade-off
between convenience and security: user-friendly matchers
have a low false reject rate, while secure matchers have a low
false accept rate.

III. ARM CONTROLLER
The ARM (Advanced RISC Machine) architecture is a
32-bit RISC processor architecture developed by ARM
Limited that is widely used in a number of embedded designs.
Because of their power saving features, ARM CPUs are
dominant in the mobile electronics market, where low power
consumption is a critical design goal. Today, the ARM family
accounts for approximately 75% of all embedded 32-bit RISC
CPUs, making it one of the most widely used 32-bit
architectures in the world. ARM CPUs are found in all corners
of consumer electronics, from portable devices to computer
peripherals. The Fig.1 shows the 32-bit microcontroller
growth.
Fig.1 32 bit Microcontroller Market
The use of RISC processors over CISC processors in
embedded systems today is wide spread and seems to be the
trend of the future. This is because when it comes to
embedded systems, RISC has many advantages over CISC
both in hardware and software implementation of these
embedded systems.
Some of these benefits of RISC are:
• Very fast responses to non-deterministic events
• Simpler assembler coding
• High throughput
• Low power consumption
ARM architecture is developed to utilize the benefits of
CISC and RISC by improving the code density and reducing
the power consumption. ARM Limited has incorporated a
novel mechanism, called the Thumb architecture. The Thumb
instruction set is a 16-bit compressed form of the original 32-
bit ARM instruction set, and employs dynamic decompression
hardware in the instruction pipeline. The ARM architecture is
based on Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC)
principles. The RISC instruction set and related decode
mechanism are much simpler than those of CISC designs.
ARM architecture has a unique combination of features
that makes ARM very popular embedded architecture today:
• ARM cores are simple compared to most other
general-purpose processors.
• A typical ARM chip contains several peripheral
controllers, a DSP and some amount of on-chip
memory.
• ARM ISA and pipeline designs are aimed to
minimizing energy consumption.
• ARM architecture is highly modular: the only
mandatory component of an ARM processor is the
integer pipeline. All other components, including
caches, MMU, FP unit and other co-processors are
optional.
• ARM architecture provides a high performance for
embedded applications.
IV. GSM SIM READER
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) is a
digital mobile telephone system that is widely used in Europe
and other parts of the world. GSM uses a variation of Time
Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and is the most widely
used of the three digital Wireless telephone technologies
(TDMA, GSM, and CDMA). GSM digitizes and compress
data, then sends it down a channel with two other streams of
user data, each in its own time slot. It operates at either the
900 MHZ or 1,800 MHZ frequency band.
GSM together with other technologies is part of evolution
of wireless mobile telecommunication that includes High-
Speed circuit-switched Data(HSCSD) , General Packet Ratio
System(GPRS) , Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution
(EDGE), and Universal Mobile Telecommunication
Service(UMTS).
One of the key features of GSM is the Subscriber Identity
Module, commonly known as a SIM card. The SIM is a
detachable smart card containing the user's subscription
information.
GSM networks are most popular and widespread wireless
communication media across the world, having a wide
customer base in Europe and Asia-Pacific and command more
than 50 percent of mobile customers. The advancement of
GSM networks increases rapid growth of its users and
services. Being an advance technology it becomes favorites
for the criminals. These things created worldwide market for
the analysis and monitoring of GSM network.
 • GSM 900 uses the circa 900Mhz band
• The frequency band used is 890-915MHz (mobile C. Voice Annunciator
transmit) and 935-960MHz (base transmit). The annunciator is used for providing user friendly setup
for physically handicapped persons in case of blind. The voice
• To allow maximum number of users access, each annunciator produces the voice which enhances the user to
band is subdivided into 124 carrier frequencies make the transaction effortless.
spaced 200 kHz apart, using FDMA techniques.
• Each of these carrier frequencies is further D. Alarm
subdivided into time slots using TDMA If the face which given as an input to the controller is
• TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) has 8 time mismatched with the data base images then unauthenticated
slots (i.e. transmitting for one eighth of the time). mode is activated and ARM controller activated the alarm
• Hence, one radio channel can support 8 'full rate' signal for alarm unit.
traffic.
E.Data Transfer unit
• A more economical 'half rate' scheme with 16 traffic
Data transfer unit transfers the user information from
channels is being introduced.
external world to the ARM controller. The information’s are
• TDMA provides each user with the carrier frequency stored temporarily in this unit and it acts like mediator for
for approximately 0.577ms. effective function of all units such as providing input for voice
• There is also an extension band of 15 MHz in both annunciator and alarm unit.
directions.
• The peak power of mobile stations depends on the
class of mobile.
• Precautions are required to avoid Interference with
other users. Power control - 15 steps of 2dB - is
provided. The transmitter must be ramped up and
down in level in a controlled fashion at the beginning
and end of each time slot.
• Careful filtering is also applied.
• Frequency hopping may he optionally employed in
order to avoid 'deadspots' and to minimize
interference from other signals. The hopping rate is
one hop per TDMA frame (4.6µs), or 217 hops per
second.
• The method of modulation used Is Gaussian
Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK), with a BT value
of 0.3 at a gross data rate of 270 kb/s.
• Phase and frequency synchronization must allow for
Doppler shift for vehicle speeds up to 250km/h as
well as for frequency standard drift, and timing
advance to compensate for propagation delay due to
round trips for paths, in cells up to 35km radius. Fig.2 Block Diagram

V. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Project paper present a new system which is advantage

A.SIM Scanning Device
Scanning device consists of GSM MODEM which acts
like a scanner for tracking the SIM ID. This ID consists of
user information from which controller verifies the originality
of the user.
B. Web Camera
Camera is used for capturing the face image of the user
hence by using suitable algorithm the match of images is
performed by ARM controller.
compare to the existing system. If the user enters the ATM
room the SIM belonging to the customer is inserted in to the
scanning device. The scanning device tracks the user
information, data transfer unit transfers the data to the ARM
controller and controller searches for the desired customer
information on the database if the information provided by the
customer matches with the database the customer is allowed
for the money transaction with the help of voice annunciator.
Information provided by the customer from SIM ID is
mismatched with database then data transfer unit signal the
alarm unit and money transaction is banned.
 VI. RESULT
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Fig.3 Face recognition success

Fig.4 VB banking operation page

VII. CONCLUSION
Implementing face recognition technique in the banking
domain verify the originality of the user identity and only
authenticated user is allowed to use the SIM ID based
automated teller machine.
In the future, we plan to increase the robustness of the
proposed method, especially to improve comfort ability of
face recognition