Homework 2 TDC362 Spring 2010-2011

Assign Date: Sat. 04/23/11 Name: ________________________________

Due Date: Sun. 05/01/11 (11:59 PM)

Points: 60 points (5% of final grade) (10 points extra credit)

Submission: Enter your answers into a WORD file (or just use this file) including all diagrams and submit
it to COL for TDC362. If you choose to hand-draw all diagrams, you can do that on the paper copy of the
WORD file, scan the whole thing into a PDF file and submit the PDF file to COL.

Notice that you can only submit a single WORD file or a single .pdf file. No zip file will be
accepted.

Source material:

• Lectures and slides on COL before and including 04/25/11.

• Textbook Chapters 5-7.

I. Multiple-choice, single-answer: 16 questions, 1 points per question  16 points

1. ASK, PSK, FSK, and QAM are examples of ________ conversion.

a) Digital-to-digital
b) Digital-to-analog
c) Analog-to-analog
d) Analog-to-digital

2. AM and FM are examples of ________ conversion.

a) Digital-to-digital
b) Digital-to-analog
c) Analog-to-analog
d) Analog-to-digital

3. Which multiplexing technique transmits analog signals? _________

a) FDM
b) TDM
c) WDM
d) (a) and (c)
e) None of the above

4. In synchronous TDM, for n signal sources of the same data rate, each frame contains _______
slots.

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Homework 2 TDC362 Spring 2010-2011

a) n
b) n+1
c) n-1
d) 0 to n

5. Which multiplexing technique involves signals composed of light beams? _________

a) FDM
b) TDM
c) WDM
d) None of the above

6. ________ can be achieved by using multiplexing; ______ can be achieved by using

spreading.

a) Efficiency; privacy and anti-jamming

b) Privacy and anti-jamming; efficiency
c) Privacy and efficiency; anti-jamming
d) Efficiency and anti-jamming; privacy

7. The _______ technique uses M different carrier frequencies that are

modulated by the source signal. At one moment, the signal modulates
one carrier frequency; at the next moment, the signal modulates another
carrier frequency.

a. FDM
b. DSSS
c. FHSS
d. TDM

8. _______ cable consists of an inner copper core and a second conducting outer sheath.

a. UTP
b. Coaxial
c. Fiber optical
d. STP

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 Homework 2 TDC362 Spring 2010-2011
9. When a beam of light travels through media of two different densities, if the angle of
incidence is less than the critical angle, _______ occurs.

a. Reflection
b. Refraction
c. Impedance
d. Propagation

10. Signals with a frequency below 2 MHz use _______

propagation.

a. Ground
b. Sky
c. Line-of-sight
d. None of the above

11. A parabolic dish antenna is a(n) _______ antenna.

a. Omindiretional
b. Bidirectional
c. Unidirectional
d. Horn

12. _____ cable can carry signals of higher frequency ranges than _____ cable.

a. Twisted-pair; fiber-optic
b. Coaxial; fiber-optic
c. Coaxial; twisted-pair;
d. None of the above

13. ______ cables are composed of a glass or plastic inner core surrounded by cladding, all encased in an
outside jacket.

a. Coaxial
b. Fiber-optic
c. Twisted-pair
d. None of the above

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 Homework 2 TDC362 Spring 2010-2011
14. In a fiber-optic cable, the signal is propagated along the inner core by _______.

a. Reflection
b. Refraction
c. Modulation
d. None of the above

15. Radio waves are _________; microwaves are ___________.

a. Omnidirectional; unidirectional
b. Unidirectonal; omnidirectional
c. Omnidirectional; bidirectional
d. Bidirectional; unidirectional

16. ________ are used for short-range communications such as those between a PC
and a peripheral device.

a. Radio waves
b. Microwaves
c. Infrared waves
d. None of the above

II. Fill in the blanks. 7 blanks, 1 point per blank  7 points

17. In QAM, both ________ and ________ of a carrier frequency are varied.

18. If the baud rate is 400 signals per second for a QPSK signal, the bit rate will be
________ bps.

19. If the bit rate for a 16-QAM signal is 4000 bps, the baud rate will be _________
signals per second?

20. If the baud rate for a 64-QAM signal is 2000, the bit rate will be __________ bps.

21. Given an AM radio signal with a bandwidth of 10 KHz and the highest-frequency

component at 705 KHz, the frequency of the carrier signal will be _____KHz.

22. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allows ______ kHz for each FM
station.

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Homework 2 TDC362 Spring 2010-2011
III. Calculation: 37 points

23. (4 points)
What is the number of bits per baud for the following techniques?

a. ASK with 4 different amplitudes

b. FSK with 8 different frequencies
c. PSK with 4 different phases
d. QAM with 128 different values

24. (4 points)
Find the total number of channels in the corresponding band allocated by FCC.
a. AM
b. FM

(Hint: See the FCC Spectrum Chart at http://www.ntia.doc.gov/osmhome/allochrt.pdf. Note that some
of the AM and TV frequencies are either shared with mobile or have been removed from use by TV
stations.)

25. (6 points)
We need to use synchronous TDM and combine 20 digital sources, each 100 Kbps. Each output slot
carries 1 bit from each digital source, but one extra bit is added to each frame for synchronization.
Answer the following questions:

a. What is the size of an output frame in bits?

b. What is the output frame rate?
c. What is the duration of an output frame?
d. What is the output data rate (useful bits)?
e. What is the total bit rate?
f. What is the efficiency of the system (ratio of useful bits to total bits)?

26. (6 points)
We have 14 sources, each creating 500 8-bit characters per second. Since only some of these
sources are active at any moment, we use statistical TDM to combine these sources using character
interleaving. Each frame carries 6 slots at a time, each slot contains one character of data, but we
need to add four-bit addresses to each slot. Answer the following questions:

a. What is the size of an output frame in bits?

b. What is the output frame rate?
c. What is the duration of an output frame?
d. What is the output data rate (useful bits)?
e. What is the total bit rate?
f. What is the efficiency of the system (ratio of useful bits to total bits)?

27. (4 points)
The sources, six with a bit rate of 200 kbps and four with a bit rate of 400 kbps are to be combined
using multilevel TDM with no synchronizing bits. Answer the following questions about the final stage
of the multiplexing:

a. What is the size of an output frame in bits?

b. What is the output frame rate?
c. What is the duration of an output frame?

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Homework 2 TDC362 Spring 2010-2011
d. What is the output data rate?

28. (7 points)
Answer the following questions about a T-1 line:

a. How many frames contained in a T-1 line per second?

b. What is the duration of a frame?
c. How many data bits contained in a frame?
d. How many total bits contained in a frame?
e. What is the efficiency of the T-1 line (ratio of useful bits to total bits?
f. What is the total bit rate of a T-1 line?
g. What is the name of the extra bit per frame?.

29. (6 points)
A corporation has a medium with a 1-MHz bandwidth. The corporation needs to create 10 separate
independent channels each capable of sending at least 10 Mbps of digital signals. The company has
decided to use QAM technology to convert the 10 channels of digital signals into analog signals
before using FDM to combine 10 channels of analog signals into the 1-MHz medium .

Let d=0 in B = (1 + d) * N / r

where B is the bandwidth of the converged analog signal, N is the bit rate of the original digital signal,
and r is the number of bits per signal for the digital-to-analog conversion

a. What is the bandwidth of each of the ten component analog channels?

b. What is the number of bits per signal during the digital-to-analog conversion?
c. Describe (or draw) the channel allocation scheme.

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