11

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics

December 2007; Volume 74 : Number 12

CONTENTS
Page
ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Clinico-Laboratory Profile of Pediatric HIV in Karnataka

Ramesh R. Pol, T.A. Shepur and Vinod H. Ratageri .. 1071

Antibiotic Resistant β-hemolytic Streptococci

Charmaine A.C. Lloyd, Swarna E. Jacob and Thangam Menon .. 1077

Baseline Widal Titres in Healthy Children

Anand M. Patil, M.L. Kulkarni and Akhil M. Kulkarni .. 1081

Conservative Treatment for Round Worm Intestinal Obstruction

A.N. Gangopadhyay, Vijai D. Upadhyaya, D.K. Gupta, S.P. Sharma and Vijayendra Kumar .. 1085

Prevalence and Correlates of Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure Among Adolescents

in Mangolia
Emmanuel Rudatsikira, Seter Siziya, Jargalsaikhan Dondog and Adamson S. Muula .. 1089

Tobacco Use Amongst Children in Karnataka

G. Gururaj and N. Girish .. 1095

SPECIAL ARTICLES
Accuflow an Infusion Rate Monitor: An Evaluation in Pediatric Patients
Prerana Shroff, R.D. Patel, Sona Dave, Anita Shetty, Darshan Dave and Vijaya Jaiswal .. 1099

Redefining the Management of Pediatric Tonsillopharyngitis with Cefprozil

Nameet Jerath and Ganesh Shetty .. 1105

CLINICAL BRIEFS

Obstructed Morgagni’s Hernia

A.N. Gangopadhyay, Vijai D. Upadhyaya, D.K. Gupta and S.P. Sharma .. 1109

Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome Following Single Wasp Sting

R. Rathi Sharmila, G. Chetan, P. Narayanan and S. Srinivasan .. 1111

Kallmann’s Syndrome
M.L. Kulkarni, M.D. Balaji, Akhil M. Kulkarni, S. Sushanth and Bhagyavathi M. Kulkarni .. 1113

Multicentric Castleman’s Disease in Two Cases

Rajni Sharma, Rachna Seth, V. Thavaraj, A. Bagga, S.K. Kabra, A.K. Karak and S. Atri .. 1116

Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type 1 Presenting as Leukemoid Reaction

..
Peymaneh Alizadeh, Akbar Ali Rahbarimanesh, Mirsaeid Ghazi Bahram and Hojjat Salmasian 1121

Neonatal Nonketotic Hyperglycinemia

Rahul P. Bhamkar and Prisca Colaco .. 1124

Indian Journal of Pediatrics, Volume 74—December, 2007 1065

 12

CONTENTS

Page

Hepatopulmonary Syndrome, an Unusual Cause of Hypoxemia

S. Sindhu, P. Ramesh, R. Juneja and S.K. Kabra .. 1127

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Polio Eradication in India:The Way Forward
Subhash C. Arya and Nirmala Agarwal .. 1130

Kuppuswamy's Socioeconomic Status Scale-Updating for 2007

N. Kumar, C. Shekhar, P. Kumar and A.S. Kundu .. 1131

CONTENTS (Vol. 74; No. 1-11) .. 1133

SUBJECT INDEX (Vol. 74; No. 1-12) .. 1146

AUTHORS' INDEX (Vol. 74; No. 1-12) .. 1152

NOTES AND NEWS .. 1084

1066 Indian Journal of Pediatrics, Volume 74—December, 2007

77
Letter to the Editor
poliovaccine: will it help eradicate polio or cause the next
epidemic? Isr Med Assoc J 2006; 8: 312-315.
6. Gidding HF, Backhouse JL, Gilbert GL, Burgess MA. National
serosurvey of poliovirus immunity in Australia 1996-99. Aust
NZ J Public Heal 2005; 29 : 48-52.
7. Requirements for the production and control of poliomyelitis
Kuppuswamy’s Socioeconomic Status Scale-Updating
for 2007
Sir,
Kuppuswamy’s socioeconomic status is an important tool
in hospital and community based research in India. It was
proposed in 1976.1 This scale takes account of education,
occupation and income of the family to classify study
groups in to high, middle and low socioeconomic status.
As pointed out rightly by Mishra and Singh2 from Rewa,
“An income scale usually has relevance only for the
period under study. Due to the steady inflation and
consequent fall in the value of the rupee, the income
criteria in the scale lose their relevance.”
Mishra, therefore, undertook important task of
revision of family income per month (in Rs.) for 1976
when the price index was 296 according to base year
1960=100. (Table 1) He however revised it for 1998 using
base year 1982=100. The base year has been changed from
2001.
TABLE 1. Reference Index
year Reference index
1960 100 (base)
1976 296
1982 490 – 100 (new base)
1998 405
2001 458 – 100 (new base)
2007 April 128
We have attempted the same exercise using the new
base year of 2001 for CPI-IW (All India average consumer
price index for industrial workers).
Price index for 2001 by old base (1982=100) was 458.
One needs to divide given years price index by price
index of the base years. For e.g. Kuppuswamy’s price
index for 1976 was based on 1960 as 100. In other words
means that any thing which cost Rs 100 in 1960 would
cost Rs 296 in 1976. The criteria were however changed in
1982 to 100 (called as new base). As per criteria of 1960
(old base), the price index for 1982 was 490. Therefore, we
get price index of 1976 converted to new base:
Price index by old base for 1982=490
Price index by new base for 1982=100
Indian Journal of Pediatrics, Volume 74—December, 2007
vaccine (inactivated). In WHO Expert Advisory Committee on
Biological Standardization Fifty-first report. Geneva; WHO
Technical Report Series 2002; vol 913: 32-65 [Annex].
8. Gidding HF, Backhouse JL, Gilbert GL, Burgess MA. National
serosurvey of poliovirus immunity in Australia 1996-99. Austr
NZ J Public Health 2005; 29 : 48-52.
Price index by old base for 1976 was 296.
Conversion factor for 1976 by new base was
calculated2 as follows: 100/490 × 296 = 60.04.
To know the price increase in 1998, price index by than
new base (1982) was divided by conversion factor. Mishra
thus determined new income criteria for 1998 by
multiplying old income ranges of 1976 by 6.745 (obtained
by dividing price index of 1998 by 60.04 (405/
60.04=6.745) on the basis of base year of 1982.
Now in view of new base for 2001 updating for current
year is attempted hereby to help researchers in
formulating their ranges of income for upcoming
research. Conversion factor for 1982 base year has
changed with considering 2001 as base year. To get
updated conversion factor same exercise is adopted as
follows:
Price index by old base for 2001=458
Price index by base for 2001 =100
Price index by old base for 1998 was 405
Price index by new base for 1998=100/458 X 405=88.42
To calculate conversion factor for the year 2007, we
have to divide price index by 88.428. All-India Average
Consumer Price Index Numbers for Industrial Workers
(Base 2001=100) shows general index as 128 on April
2007: http://labourbureau.nic.in/indexes.htm-Labour
Bureau Government of India, as per survey done in 1999-
2000.
A conversion factor can be obtained by calculating
from 1976 index also, and it comes as 9.764, which implies
TABLE 2. Kuppuswamy’s Socioeconomic Status Scale1
(A) Education Score
1. Profession or Honours 7
2. Graduate or post graduate 6
3. Intermediate or post high school diploma 5
4. High school certificate 4
5. Middle school certificate 3
6. Primary school certificate 2
7. Illiterate 1
1131
 78

Letter to the Editor

(B) Occupation Score Revised table (Table 2) for scales in 2007 to define socio-
economic status has thus obtained as follows (by
1. Profession 10 multiplying 1998 income ranges by the factor 1.45):
2. Semi-Profession 6
3. Clerical, Shop-owner, Farmer 5 This revised prices scale for different socioeconomic
4. Skilled worker 4 status has shortcomings as educational and occupational
5. Semi-skilled worker 3 factors also need to be revised by large scale survey.
6. Unskilled worker 2
7. Unemployed 1
Another lacuna is also the same as were in modification
for the year 1998.2 However, this exercise will provide
(C) Family income per Score Modified Modified some clue for setting income group in researches as per
month(in Rs)- original for 1998 2 for 2007 current inflation rate.
1. =2000 12 =13500 =19575 Acknowledgements
2. 1000-1999 10 6750-13499 9788-19574
3. 750-999 6 5050-6749 7323- 9787 Prof. D Mishra for explanations in understanding the
4. 500-749 4 3375-5049 4894- 7322 changes in price index.
5. 300-499 3 2025-3374 2936-4893
6. 101-299 2 676-2024 980-2935 N. Kumar1, C. Shekhar, P. Kumar1 and A.S. Kundu
7. =100 1 =675 =979 1
Research Officer
Division of Reproductive Health and Nutrition,
Total Score Socioeconomic class
ICMR Head Quarters, and
26-29 Upper (I)
16-25 Upper Middle (II) Medical Physics1, All India Institute of Medical Sciences,
11-15 Middle Lower middle (III) Ansari Nagar,
5-10 Lower Upper lower (IV) New Delhi, India
<5 Lower (V) E-mail : neeta@icmr.org.in

9.764 times price increased as compared to 1976.

Multiplying 1976 income by the factor of 9.764 would
also provide scale for 2007.
Now the prices from 19982 levels have increased, and
that increase can be obtained by multiplying prices of that
time by the factor obtained as follows: 128/88.428 = 1.45.
REFERENCE
1. Kuppuswamy B. Manual of socioeconomic status (Urban),
Manasayan, Delhi, 1981.
2. D. Mishra, H.P. Singh. Kuppuswamy’s socioeconomic status
scale- A revision. Indian J Pediatr 2003; 70(3) : 273-274.

1132 Indian Journal of Pediatrics, Volume 74—December, 2007