New

INDEX
Initial
Expt. Experiment Page
Name of the Experiment Marks of Remarks
No Date No
faculty
STUDY OF DRAWING STANDARDS
1
IN MACHINE DRAWING
STUDY OF DRAFTING SOFTWARES-

2
AUTOCAD 2000 AND Pro/E
DRAFTING ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS

3 OF BRACKETS AND V-BLOCK
USING AUTOCAD
DRAFTING ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS

4 OF STOP BLOCK AND SCREW
THREAD USING AUTOCAD
ASSEMBLY OF FLANGE COUPLING

5
USING Pro/E
ASSEMBLY OF PLUMMER BLOCK

6
BEARING USING Pro/E
ASSEMBLY OF LATHE TAIL STOCK

7
USING Pro/E
ASSEMBLY OF MACHINE VICE

8
USING Pro/E
9 ASSEMBLY OF PISTON USING Pro/E
ASSEMBLY OF CONNECTING ROD

10
USING Pro/E
ASSEMBLY OF SCREW JACK

11
USING Pro/E
ASSEMBLY OF UNIVERSAL JOINT

12
USING Pro/E
EXP NO:1
DATE:
STUDY OF DRAWING STANDARDS IN MACHINE DRAWING
AIM:
To study the drawing standards in Machine Drawing.
THEORY:
Engineering Drawing is the representation of 3D objects in the form of Orthographic

Projections or Pictorial Projections such Isometric / Perspective Projections. It is used to draw
(i) Machine components in Mechanical, Production, Automobile, Aeronautical, Marine, Printing,
Textile Engineering; (ii) Plan of Buildings, Bridges, etc., in Civil Engineering and Architecture;
and (iii) Electrical-wiring diagrams, Printed Circuit Board drawings, Schematic Circuit diagrams,
etc., in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Computer Science Engineering.
DRAWING STANDARDS:
WELDING
Welding is a process of joining metals in which the parent metals are fused together to form
a single piece. Welding is required when ever strength is required. Welding is used
1) As substitute for castings and forgings,
2) As a fabrication medium to join parts permanently and to form built-up members,
3) As a joining medium to replace fasteners such as rivets and bolts
4) As a repair medium to replace broken and worn out sections of a member.
Welding can be classified on the basis of heat source required for welding such as
chemical, which make use of heat by burning fuel, chemico-mechanical welding, Electro-
mechanical welding and Electric welding. Of these Electric and Electro-mechanical welding are
widely employed.
Welded joints are classified according to the method of joining such as
i) Butt Joint
ii) Lap Joint
iii) Strapped Joint
iv) Tee Joint
v) Corner Joint
THE DIFFERENT WELDING SYMBOLS USED ARE GIVEN IN THE TABLE BELOW:
KEYS
The most common function of a key is to prevent relative rotation of a shaft and the
member which is connected to it such as the hub of a gear; pulley or crank. The choice of key to
any installation depends on several factors such as power requirements, tightness of fit, stability of
connection and cost.
TYPES OF KEYS (Fig 1)

A. SQUARE KEY
B. FLAT KEY
C. TAPER KEY
D. SPLINE KEY
E. WOODRUFF KEY
F.KENNEDY KEY
G. ROUND KEY
Fig (1) TYPES OF KEYS
A. SQUARE KEY
Square key is used, where added stability of connection is required, as in machine tools.
B. FLAT KEY
Flat key is used, where added stability of connection is required, as in machine tools. They
may be of uniform cross section or tapered.
C. TAPER KEY
Taper keys may have gibe heads for easy removal.
D. SPLINE KEY
A Spline is composed of a splined shaft formed by milling and mating hub with
internal splines formed by broaching. The splines in reality are a number of keys integral with the
shaft. They have the advantage of greater strength, self-centering feature and production
economy.
E. WOODRUFF KEY
Woodruff key requires a key seat formed by a special side milling cutter. It has the
disadvantage of weakening the shaft more compared to the use of straight key.
F. KENNEDY KEY
Kennedy keys are used for heavy duty and may have one or two set of keys. One key is
used where rotation is in one direction only. Tangential keyways are split in to two, of which one
will be a tapered one. Keyways are generally formed by side milling cutter or by end milling cutter.
G. ROUND KEY
Round keys introduce less stress concentration at the key seat in the shaft and are
satisfactory except for the necessity of drilling the hole to accommodate the pin after the assembly
of the shaft.
To enable interchangeability of keys, the keys are standardized. The following are the
Indian Standards for keys.
IS 2048-1962 Parallel keys and keyways
IS 2291-1963 Tangential keys and keyways
IS 2293-1963 Gib-head keys and keyways
IS 2292-1963 Taper keys and keyways
IS 2294-1963 Woodruff keys and keyways
IS 2327-1963 Straight sided splines for general purposes
IS 2610-1964 Straight sided splines for machine tools
IS 3665-1965 Involute sided splines.
RIVETED JOINTS
Until recently riveted joints was the main type of permanent joints extensively used in the
construction of pressure vessels, ships, bridges etc. Rapid development of welding techniques has
considerably reduced the sphere of their applications. Riveted joints are preferable where
vibrations are present, since the riveted joints damp out vibrations better than welded joints and
also where weldability of the metals is poor. Riveted joints are widely used for joining light metals.
The following Indian Standards are preferred for rivets.
1) IS 1928-1961 Boiler rivets.
2) IS 1929-1961 Rivets for general purposes.
3) IS 2907-1964 Non Ferrous rivets.
4) IS 4040-1967 Tubular and semi-tubular rivets.
TYPES OF RIVETED JOINTS
There are two types of riveted joints:
a) Lap Joint
b) Butt Joint
a) Lap Joint
In a lap joint the plate to be connected overlaps each other. When the joint is made with
only one row of rivets, it is called a single-riveted lap joint. A joint is said to be double –riveted (Fig
2), triple-riveted etc. according to the number of rows of rivets in it. When two or more rows of
rivets are required, rivets may be arranged in i) chain or ii) zigzag zigzag Formation
CHAIN LAP JOINT ZIGZAG LAP JOINT
Fig (2) LAP JOINT

b) BUTT JOINT
In a butt joint (Fig 3), edges of the plates to be connected butt against each other
and the joint between them is covered by butt-plates or butt-straps on one or both
sides.
Fig 3 BUTT JOINT

REFERENCE TAKEN FROM THE HAND BOOK FOR THE SELECTION OF FASTENERS FOR
STANDARD COMPONENTS LIKE
1. BOLTS
2. NUTS
3. SCREWS
4. KEYS
1. REFERENCE TABLE FOR BOLTS AND SCREWS

2. REFERENCE TABLE FOR NUTS
3. REFERENCE TABLE FOR KEYS
EXP NO:2
DATE:
STUDY OF DRAFTING SOFTWARES-AUTOCAD2000 AND Pro/ENGINEER
AIM:
To study the drafting softwares AutoCAD 2000 and Pro/ENGINEER.
AUTOCAD 2000
CAD SYSTEM:
The CAD system creates an environment to prepare drawings interactively. Most CAD
systems available commercially are menu driven. Commands either can be typed directly with the
help of a keyboard or can be picked-up from the screen menu with the help of a mouse or can be
selected from the digitizer menu. Some screen menus offer pull-down menus (also referred to as
pop-up menu) and dialogue boxes. The effect of every command is immediately displayed on the
screen so that selection and corrections can be done interactively and immediately.
The major functions to be performed by a Computer Aided Drafting system are:
1) Basic set-up of a drawing

2) Drawing the objects
3) Changing the object properties
4) Translating the objects
5) Scaling the objects
6) Clipping the objects to fit the image to the screen
7) Creating symbol libraries for frequently used objects
8) Text insertion
9) Dimensioning
Some of the features of CAD system are:
1) Modeling and Drafting: The majority of systems provide 2D and 3D modeling

capabilities. Some low cost CAD systems are dedicated to 2D drafting only.
2) Ease of use: The users find CAD systems very easy to learn and use.
3) Flexibility: Popular CAD systems provide greater flexibility when configuring the
available hardware. Hundreds of computers, display devices, expansion boards, input
and output devices are compatible and configurable with popular software.
4) Modularity: Standard input and output devices are attached to standard connectors
thereby making the system modular in nature.
5) Low maintenance cost: Little maintenance is needed to keep the system functional.
One of popular, low-cost CAD software is AutoCAD. Some of the fundamentals capabilities
of AutoCAD are described here.
AutoCAD 2000 SOFTWARE:
AutoCAD is a low cost yet very effective Computer Aided Design and drafting software.
AutoCAD is accepted as the industry standard and a large community of CAD users in the world
prefers it. Although AutoCAD is available for a variety of computer systems, majority of AutoCAD
implementations are available on IBM or compatible personal computers with MS-DOS operating
system. AutoCAD comes with very large number of user-selectable options to support a great
variety of commercially available display devices, digitizers, mouse, printers and plotters.
AutoCAD supports 2D drafting and 3D modeling.
The basic drawing entities are lines, polylines of any width, circles, arcs, ellipses and solids.
There are many ways of defining a drawing entity, and the software always prompts the user for all
options. Each drawing entity has an associated line type, color, layer and thickness.
Before any drawing is started, the AutoCAD environment must be prepared for proper units
of measurement, line-type, drawing size, layer, etc. in AutoCAD the drawings are always prepared
at full scale, and the drawing size can be changed at any instant of time by using LIMITS
command.
DRAWING ENTITIES:
The basic drawing entities of AutoCAD Software are
1. LINE
2. CIRCLE
3. ARC
4. TRACE
5. POLYLINE
6. DONUT
7. POLYGON
8. ELLIPSE
1. LINE:
A line is specified by giving its two endpoints. The LINE command can be used to
draw a single line or a series of lines with the end-point of one being the starting point of the
next. When a series of such lines is created, each line is treated as a separate entity. To
create a closed polygon, the user has to type in C (close) for the point: prompt. This causes
the last and the first points to be joined by a line and thus closing of the polygon.
2. CIRCLE:
There are many ways of drawing a circle, the default being the centre point of circle
and radius. Either on typing the command CIRCLE or selecting it from a screen menu with
the help of mouse, all circle drawing options are displayed. The options available are:
a) Center point and radius

b) Center point and Diameter
c) 3P: This specifies 3 points on the circumference of a circle. There is
a unique circle passing through three given non-collinear points.
d) 2P: This specifies the end-points of diameter of a circle.
e) TTR (Tangent Tangent Radius): This command draws a circle of
specified radius that is tangent to two lines, circles or arcs.
3. ARC:
This command is used to draw an arc accurately. Usually there are three parameters
required for drawing an arc. Different ways of drawing circular arcs are:
a. 3 point arc: The arc is drawn by specifying three points on the chord of arc. The
first and third points define the start and end-points of an arc respectively.
b. Start, Center: This option needs start point and center point of an arc. The third
parameter may be an end-point, included angle, or length of chord.
c. Start, End: This option asks the user to enter the start and end-points of the arc.
The arc can be completed by either specifying radius or included angle or center
point.
4. TRACE:
This command is used to draw lines of specified thickness. This is the same as LINE
command except that it needs an additional parameter that is the width or thickness of the
line.
5. PLINE:
Polylines are interesting drawing entities. Polylines can include both lines and arcs
connected at end-points. Thus, a polyline is a single entity with multiple segments. The
polylines can be straight or curved, can be wide (like a TRACE) or tapered. Fillets and
chamfers can be added where needed on a polyline. Curve fitting and hatching can easily be
performed on a polyline.
6. DONUT:
The DONUT is special type of polyline, which is made up of arc segments. A DONUT
has two properties: it has width, and it is closed. The width of DONUT is set by specifying
inside and outside diameters. The inside diameter may be zero thereby making it a filled
circle.
7. POLYGON:
A polygon is also a polyline with equal length of sides. The regular polygon can either
be inscribed in a circle or circumscribed about the circle. The polygon may also be
constructed by specifying the length of one side and the number of sides of polygon (called
edges). In this method a polygon is constructed in anticlockwise direction from the two edge
end points that have been specified.
8. ELLIPSE:
An ellipse can be constructed by specifying the center, major and minor axes. An
ellipse can also be constructed by specifying end points of one of its axis and the
eccentricity.
DRAFTING AIDS:
1. LAYER:
A layer can be thought of as a transparent sheet on which drawings can be

prepared. Drawings can be logically divided into different layers, and layers can be
selectively displayed either individually or in any combination. Each layer is identified by a
name. If the drawing becomes too dense or complicated, some layers can be turned off so
that they do not interfere with the work. The drawing can be edited on any one layer at a
time called current layer.
2. BLOCKS:
The BLOCK command groups a number of selected entities together and treats
them as a single object. If a block is created by using entities on different layers, the entities
are stored inside the block with the entity attributes (colour, layer, and line-type). The block
can be created by using BLOCK command for the same drawing and by WBLOCK
command for any other drawing by giving the name. The block can be reused any number
of times in the same drawing or any other drawing by giving the name. The blocks defined
can be scaled, rotated, stretched or mirrored any number of times. The blocks can be
inserted at desired location in the drawing.
3. DIMENSIONING:
The manufacturing drawing must be dimensioned for size and tolerances so that the
right information can be conveyed. The appearance and size of dimension arrows, size and
style of dimension text with or without tolerances, and the layer on which dimensions are
placed can be controlled by setting dimension variables.
4. HATCH PATTERNS:
The HATCH command is used to fill up the area using a suitable pattern. The type of
pattern and pattern variables can be chosen from a library of patterns available. The
hatching may be carried out inside a defined area or outside of it.
5. ZOOM:
This is the most common method of magnifying a portion of current drawing on the
screen. The portion of drawing to be zoomed is usually selected by a window. A window is
identified by picking up the diagonal corners of a rectangle around the area of interest.
6. TEXT:
Words, messages and numbers can be inserted as required on an engineering

drawing. The alphanumeric keyboard is used extensively for non-graphical input such as
text. The text style, height, text angle, aspect ratio, colour etc are some of the attributes
associated with text.
EDITING:
The fundamental commands to edit a drawing are
1. MOVE: Moves selected objects to another location,
2. ROTATE: Rotates selected objects through a specified angle

about a base point.
3. COPY: Creates one or more copies of selected objects at another location. The function
of COPY command is similar to the MOVE command except that it preserves a copy of the
objects selected at the original location.
4. MIRROR: Creates a mirror image of the selected objects about a specified line.
5. ARRAY: This command creates multiple copies of selected objects in rectangular or polar
form. This is a form of COPY command.
6. ERASE: This command deletes the selected entities. A record of entities erased is always
maintained. The most recent entity can be unerased by OOPS command.
7. OOPS: This command recovers the last deleted entity. However, it does not recover any
entity after a drawing plotting, end or resume.
8. BREAK: This command cuts the selected entity in two pieces. Break command is
effective on lines, arcs, circles, traces or polylines (including polygons and donuts)
9. FILLET: The fillet command is used to create a round corner between two lines. The lines
are shortened or extended to fit a tangent arc of specified radius. FILLET works on any
combination of two lines, arcs, circles, non-parallel lines or a single polyline.
10. CHAMFER: This command works on two lines or a single polyline to create a beveled
edge.
11. CHANGE: This command can selectively edit the attribute of a drawing entity. The
CHPROP (Change PROPerties) command allows editing of colour, layer, linetype and
thickness of a drawing entity.
12. EXTEND: This command extends the lines, polylines and arcs to a boundary edge which
can be a line, polyline, arc or circle. A closed polygon cannot be extended.
13. OFFSET: This command is useful for creating a parallel copy of a drawing entity which
can be a line, circle or polyline. Each offset creates a new entity with the same line type,
colour and layer settings.
14. STRETCH: The stretch Command can either lengthen entities or shorten them and thus
alter their shapes. The center points of arcs or polyline arcs are adjusted accordingly.
15. TRIM: This command makes use of boundary entities (lines, arcs, circles or polylines)
which become the cutting edge. It trims lines, arcs, circles and polylines.
16. SCALE: The SCALE command allows shrinking or enlarging the already existing
drawing objects by specifying a scale factor.
17. PEDIT: A polyline is a single entity which is made up of a continuous series of line and
arc segments. The PEDIT command is exclusively used for editing of polyline properties.
The selected line, arc and polyline can be added to an existing polyline by a JOIN option. A
smooth curve passing through all vertices of a polyline can be created by using FIT option.
Similarly, a spline can also be constructed by using polylines vertices.
18. EXPLODE: This command breaks a polyline into its individual segments. These
segments can then individually be edited and rejoined again to form an edited polyline.
19. UNDO: The U or UNDO command reverses the effects of a series of previously used
commands and hence allows back-stepping. The REDO command wipes out the effect of
UNDO command.
FEATURES OF AUTOCAD:
The advanced features of AutoCAD are
1. Built-in programming language Auto LISP provides programming environment so

that AutoCAD commands can be called along with programs written for
computations. This is very useful for parametric design and drawing.
2. Drawing Exchange Files (DXF) and script files can be used to interface AutoCAD
with programs written in any other higher level language such as C. DXF and IGES
file formats allow the exchange of drawing files among various drafting software’s.
3. AutoCAD provides techniques to define and extract attributes of entities. This

feature is used in extracting information from a drawing for processing by other
programs or to transfer it to a database.
Pro/ENGINEER
Pro/ENGINEER is the landmark product from Parametric Technology
Corporation,USA. It is the first 3D solid modeling CAD system to incorporate
extensive parametric, feature based, solid modeling.
Solid modeler
BENEFITS IN SOLID MODELING APPROACH ARE
Mass property calculations
Volumes and surface area calculations
Interference checking.
MAIN FEATURES OF Pro/E
Parametric
Any model developed in Pro/Engineer is parametric, i.e., it is driven by
parameters or variable dimensions.
Parametric can be defined as any set of physical properties whose values
determine the characteristics or behavior of an object.
Feature based
A feature is the smallest building block in the part model.
Associative
The associative modeling function provides
Changes at a certain level automatically updated in all the levels.
Bi-directional associativity among
Drawing<->modeling<->assembly<->manufacturing, etc
DRAWING ENTITIES
The basic drawing entities of Pro/E are
1. EXTRUDE / PROTRUSION
2. REVOLVE
3. SWEEP
4. BLEND
5. CUT
6. DATUM PLANE
7. MATE
8. ALIGN
9. INSERT
1. EXTRUDE OR PROTRUSION
The extrude option in the menu creates a feature that is formed by projecting
the section straight away from the sketching plane.
2. REVOLVE
The Revolve option creates a feature by revolving the sketched section
around a centerline. A revolved feature can be created either entirely on one side of
the sketching plane, or symmetrically on both sides of the sketching plane.
3. SWEEP
A sweep is created by sketching a trajectory and then sketching a section to
follow along it.
4. BLEND
A blended feature consists of a series of at least two planar sections that
Pro/ENGINEER joins together at their edges with transitional surfaces to form a
continuous feature.
5. CUT
To remove material, the cut option is used.
6. DATUM PLANE
A datum plane is an infinite, two-dimensional, flat reference.
7. MATE
The Mate command is used to position two surfaces or datum planes with
their normal pointing at each other.
8. ALIGN
The Align command is used to make two planes coplanar (coincident and facing the
same direction), two axes coaxial, or two points coincident.
9. INSERT
The Insert command is used to insert one revolved surface in to another
revolved surface making their respective axes coaxial. This constraint is useful when
axes are unavailable or inconvenient for selection.
EXP NO:3
DATE:
DRAFTING ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS OF BRACKETS AND V-BLOCK USING AUTOCAD
AIM:
To draw the orthographic views of brackets and V block using AUTOCAD Software.
INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED:
S.NO NAME OF THE INSTRUMENTS QUANTITY

1 Computer System 1
2 AUTOCAD Software 1
3 Plotter 1
THEORY:
Brackets (Fig 1) and V Block (Fig 2) are work holding devices. A bracket consists of
a rectangular base on which a rib is attached. The rectangular base is fixed to the ground
by tightening screws through the holes on the base. Similarly a V Block is a rectangular
block upon which a V slot is cut. Hence it gets the name.
Fig (1) BRACKETS
Fig (2) V-BLOCK
PROCEDURE:
To draw the orthographic view of the bracket (fig 1) and V Block (fig 2) using
AUTOCAD Software, we proceed as follows:
i) Study functional requirements of the component.

ii) Prepare free-hand sketch of the main view (generally front-elevation).
iii) Select a suitable scale for the entire drawing.
iv) Set appropriate limits to new AutoCAD file using LIMITS command.
v) Draw the views of the assembly drawing, namely, Brackets and V-Block as shown in
figures (1) and (2) using AutoCAD Commands like LINE, CIRCLE, ARC … etc.,
vi) Prepare the bill of materials using LINE and MTEXT Commands.
vii) Using LEADER and MTEXT Commands label each component by the leader-line
and number it.
viii) Show overall dimensions using DIMENSION Command.
ix) Draw the section-lines according to the convention adopted using HATCH
Command.
x) Show required fits and tolerances between the two mating components using
DIMENSION Command.
EXP NO:4
DATE:
DRAFTING ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS OF STOP BLOCK AND SCREW THREAD USING

AUTOCAD
AIM:
To draw the orthographic views of Stop Block and Screw Thread using AUTOCAD
Software.

1 Computer System 1
2 AUTOCAD Software 1
3 Plotter 1
THEORY:
Stop Block (Fig 1) is a work holding device. A stop block consists of a rectangular
block on which a rectangular slot is cut. It is fixed to the base, by tightening the screw
through the hole which is present in the side of the block.
A screw thread (Fig 2) is formed by cutting a helical groove on a cylindrical surface.
The threaded rod is called a screw. It engages in a corresponding threaded hole inside a
nut or a machine part. The screws are used for joining two parts temporarily. Therefore
such a joint is called detachable joint or temporary joint.
Fig (1) STOP BLOCK
Fig (2) SCREW THREAD

PROCEDURE:
To draw the orthographic view of the Stop Block (fig 1) and Screw Thread (fig 2)
using AUTOCAD Software, we proceed as follows:
I) Study functional requirements of the component.

ii) Prepare free-hand sketch of the main view (generally front-elevation).
iii) Select a suitable scale for the entire drawing.
iv) Set appropriate limits to new AutoCAD file using LIMITS command.
v) Draw the views of the assembly drawing, namely, Stop Block and Screw Thread as
shown in figures (1) and (2) using AutoCAD Commands like LINE, CIRCLE, and ARC …
etc.
vi) Prepare the bill of materials using LINE and MTEXT Commands.
vii) Using LEADER and MTEXT Commands label each component by the leader-line and
number it.
viii) Show overall dimensions using DIMENSION Command.
ix) Draw the section-lines according to the convention adopted using HATCH Command.
x) Show required fits and tolerances between the two mating components using
DIMENSION Command.
EXP NO:5
DATE:
ASSEMBLY OF FLANGE COUPLING USING Pro/E
AIM:
To draw the assembled view of a Flange Coupling using Pro/E software from the given part
details.

1 Computer System 1
2 Pro E Software 1
3 Plotter 1
THEORY:
A flanged coupling is the simplest type of rigid coupling most extensively used in the
general power transmission applications. It consists of two cast iron or steel “bosses” provided
with projecting flange plates at one of their ends. The flange plates are drilled with a number of
equidistant bolt holes on their flat faces with their centers lying on an imaginary circle, called “pitch
circle”. Each of the flanged bosses is securely keyed to the end of each shaft using a tapered key
driven from inside. While assembling generally the two flanges are set such that the keys fitted in
them are out of alignment by 90 degree to each other. Then the flanges are bolted together by a
number of bolts and nuts. Power is transmitted from one shaft to the other through the bolts.
These bolts are in close running fit in the holes which are drilled and reamed in the flanges in
order that the load is taken smoothly with out any impact which would take place if the bolts are
fitted loose in the holes. Correct alignment of the two shafts is ensured irrespective of the bolts, by
allowing the end of one shaft to enter a small distance in the boss bore of the other flange.
Protruding of the bolt heads and nuts beyond the flat faces of the flange s render the risk of
accidents. This type of flange coupling is classified as unprotected type.
FLANGE COUPLING PART DETAILS:
The Flange Coupling has five parts. They are as follows:
1. FLANGE
2. SHAFT
3. TAPER KEY
4. HEXAGONAL BOLT
5. HEXAGONAL NUT
The diagrams relating to all parts are given in Figures from (1) to (5)
RIGHTSIDE VIEW FRONT VIEW
Fig (1) FLANGE

Fig (2) SHAFT
Fig (3) TAPER KEY
Fig (4) HEXAGONAL BOLT
Fig (5) HEXAGONAL NUT

PROCEDURE:
To get the assembled view of Flange Coupling from given part details using Pro E
Software, we proceed as follows:
i) Study functional requirements of each component and their interrelationship. Learn

the actual working of a Flange Coupling.
ii) Study carefully the views of each component in Figures (1) to (5) and decide the
relative location of each part for the proper functioning of the machine.
iii) Decide the mating dimensions betweens two components, which are required to be
assembled.
iv) Select a suitable scale for the entire assembly drawing.
v) Select the working directory dialog box; navigate to the directory you want to set as
the working directory. Click OK to set the designated directory.
vi) Set the datum plane where the parts are sketched by attributes like LINE, CIRCLE,
RECTANGLE, and ARC…. Etc
vii) Now the sketched 2D figures (1) to (5) are modeled to 3D figures using the
commands PROTRUSION,CUT,REVOLVE... etc
viii) The 3D figures obtained from STEP (vii) are imported to the Assembly drawing and
the assembly is carried out using the commands MATE, ALLIGN, INSERT….etc.
ix) Show overall dimensions using DIMENSION Command.
x) Finally save the assembled view of Flange Coupling (refer figure No. 6) using SAVE
command.
EXP NO:6
DATE:
ASSEMBLY OF PLUMMER BLOCK BEARING USING Pro/E
AIM:
To draw the assembled view of a Plummer Block Bearing using Pro/ E Software from the
given part details.

1 Computer System 1
2 Pro E Software 1
3 Plotter 1
THEORY:
Plummer block is a split of journal bearing. It is used when the speed of the rotating shaft is
too high and the load varies in direction. Moreover, it is installed where it is difficult to introduce the
shaft from the axial direction.
The body of Plummer block has a semi-circular horizontal hole in which lower part of the
brasses is placed. There are two elliptical holes in the base for bolting down the bearing with the
support. Also, there are two holes for the square headed bolts and a small hole for fixing the snug
of the lower brass. The cap has also almost semi-circular horizontal hole for the upper brass, two
holes and an oil hole for lubrication purposes. The upper brass also provides an oil hole, which
coincide with the cap oil hole. In this Plummer block, the two halves brasses are held firmly
between the body and the cap by means of square headed bolts and nuts.
PLUMMER BLOCK PART DETAILS:
The Plummer Block has six parts. They are as follows:
1. A cast iron block with a base (called body)

2. Gun-metal brasses made in two halves
3. A cast iron cap
4. Two mild steel square headed bolts
5. Two hexagonal lock nuts (M15 X 1.0f)
6. Two hexagonal lock nuts (M10 X 1.5f)
Fig (1) BODY (CAST IRON BLOCK WITH BASE)

Fig (2) GUN - METAL BRASSES
Fig (3) CAST IRON CAP

Fig (4) MILD STEEL SQUARE HEADED BOLTS
Fig (5) HEXAGONAL LOCK NUTS (M15 X 1.0f)
Fig (6) HEXAGONAL LOCK NUTS (M10 X 1.5f)

PROCEDURE:
To get the assembled view of Plummer Block from given part details using Pro E

the actual working of a Plummer Block.
assembled.
vi) Set the datum plane where the parts are sketched and assembled using
PROTRUSION,CUT,REVOLVE... etc
x) Finally save the assembled view of Plummer Block (refer figure No. 7) using SAVE
command.
EXP NO:7
DATE:
ASSEMBLY OF LATHE TAIL STOCK USING Pro/E
AIM:
To draw the assembled view of a Lathe Tail Stock using Pro/E Software from the given part
details.

1 Computer System 1
2 Pro E Software 1
3 Plotter 1
THEORY:
Tail stock is a part of a lathe machine used to support lengthy job during turning operation.
When works of different lengths are to be turned between centers, the tail stock can be moved on
the lathe bed to the required position and fixed there by means of a clamping bolt of a lathe.
In a tail stock, the base of the body is planed and is provided with four feet which feet which
fit into the parallel machined ways of the lathe bed. Thus, the tail stock is constrained to move in a
straight line on lathe bed. The upper cylindrical part of the body is cast hollow and is machined to
receive the barrel.
The barrel is provided with threads at one end in which the spindle works and on the other
end, a conical hole is made to carry the center. On the right hand end of the body, the spindle
bearing is fitted by means of screws, against which rests the collar of the spindle. The hand wheel
is mounted on the end of the spindle by means of a key and is retained in position by a nut and a
washer. The feather when put in its place under side of the barrel prevents its rotation.
When the hand wheel is turned, it causes the barrel to move in or out of tailstock body. The
spindle is contained by the collar on one end and hand wheel on the other end, thus it rotates the
spindle only about the axis and does not to move along the axis.
When the barrel is adjusted to the required position, it can be clamped by means of a
locking lever. The entire unit is clamped on the lathe bed with a clamping plate and a square
headed bolt and nut.
LATHE TAIL STOCK PART DETAILS:
The Lathe Tail Stock has ten parts. They are as follows:
1. BARREL
2. BODY
3. SPINDLE
4. CENTRE
5. SPINDLE BEARING
6. SCREW
7. HAND WHEEL
8. KEY
9. FEATHER
10. NUT
Fig (1) BARREL
Fig (2) BODY

Fig (3) SPINDLE
Fig (4) CENTRE
Fig (5) SPINDLE BEARING
Fig (6) SCREW

Fig (7) HAND WHEEL
Fig (8) KEY Fig (9) FEATHER
Fig (10) NUT

PROCEDURE:
To get the assembled view of Lathe Tail Stock from given part details using Pro E

the actual working of a Lathe Tail Stock.
assembled.
x) Finally save the assembled view of Lathe Tail Stock (refer figure No.11) using SAVE
command
EXP NO:8
DATE:
ASSEMBLY OF MACHINE VICE USING Pro/E
AIM:
To draw the assembled view of a Machine Vice using Pro/E Software from the given part
details.

1 Computer System 1
2 Pro E Software 1
3 Plotter 1
THEORY:
A machine vice is a common accessory employed of holding or gripping the work pieces
firm while working. Machine vices are fixed to the worktables of planning, shaping, drilling
machines etc. Machine vice is used for holding the work piece to facilitate machining operations
such as drilling, shaping, milling etc.
In machine vice, the jaw plate is fixed to sliding jaw by means of screw. A V-cut is made
in the fixed jaw to facilitate the holding of round jobs in vertical position. Fixed jaw is attached to
the base by means of two screws, but some times it can be integrated with the base of the vice.
Guide plates are attached to the side of the sliding jaw by means of screw. Guide plates also help
to prevent the lifting of the jaw during operation.
MACHINE VICE PART DETAILS:

The Machine Vice has eight parts. They are as follows:
1. BODY
2. SLIDING JAW
3. SCREW
4. SLIDING JAW CLAMPING BOLT
5. CIRCULAR NUT
6. HEXAGONAL NUT
7. LOCK NUT
8. WASHER
Fig (1) BODY

Fig (2) SLIDING JAW
Fig (3) SCREW
Fig (4) SLIDING JAW CLAMPING BOLT

Fig (5) CIRCULAR NUT
Fig (7) LOCK NUT
Fig (8) WASHER

PROCEDURE:
To get the assembled view of Machine Vice from given part details using Pro E

the actual working of a Machine Vice.
assembled.
x) Finally save the assembled view of Machine Vice (refer figure No.9) using SAVE
command
EXP NO:9
DATE:
ASSEMBLY OF PISTON USING Pro/E
AIM:
To draw the assembled view of a Piston using Pro/E software from the given part details.

1 Computer System 1
2 Pro E Software 1
3 Plotter 1
THEORY:
A Cylinder piece which reciprocates inside the engine cylinder by the pressure of
combustion of fuel is called piston.
Pistons are usually made of aluminum alloy, cast iron or cast steel. But the aluminum alloy
pistons are commonly used due to light in weight.
The crown of the piston may be made flat, convex or concave according to the designed of
combustion chamber.
PISTON PART DETAILS:
The Piston has three parts. They are as follows:
1. PISTON
2. BOLT
3. HEXAGONAL NUT
Fig (1) PISTON
Fig (2) BOLT

PROCEDURE:
To get the assembled view of Piston from given part details using Pro E Software,
we proceed as follows:
the actual working of a Piston.
ii) Study carefully the views of each component in Fig (1) to (3) and decide the relative
location of each part for the proper functioning of the machine.
assembled.
x) Finally save the assembled view of Piston (refer figure No.4) using SAVE command.
EXP NO:10
DATE:
ASSEMBLY OF CONNECTING ROD USING Pro/E
AIM:
To draw the assembled view of a Connecting Rod using Pro/E software from the given part
details.
1 Computer System 1
2 Pro E Software 1
3 Plotter 1
THEORY:
A connecting rod is a link, which connects the piston to the crank. It is provided with
enlargements at both the ends. These enlargements are known as connecting rod ends. One end
that is connected to the piston with the help of gudgeon pin is called the small end. The other end
that is secured to the crank is called big end.
The function of the connecting rod is to convert the reciprocating motion of the piston into
rotary motion to the crankshaft.
Connecting rods are generally made of forged steel in various designs. The brasses in the
big end are made of cast steel and are lined with white steel.
CONNECTING ROD PART DETAILS:

The Connecting Rod has five parts. They are as follows:
1. BRASSES
2. SHIM
3. CONNECTING ROD
4. SET SCREW
5. BOLT AND NUT
Fig (1) BRASSES
Fig (2) SHIM

Fig (3) CONNECTING ROD
Fig (4) SET SCREW
Fig (5) BOLT AND NUT

CONNECTING ROD
PROCEDURE:
To get the assembled view of Connecting Rod from given part details using Pro E

the actual working of a Connecting Rod.
assembled.
x) Finally save the assembled view of Connecting Rod (refer figure No.6) using SAVE
command
EXP NO:11
DATE:
ASSEMBLY OF SCREW JACK USING Pro/E
AIM:
To draw the assembled view of a screw jack using Pro/E Software from the given part
details

1 Computer System 1
2 Pro E Software 1
3 Plotter 1
THEORY:
SCREW JACK PART DETAILS:
The Screw jack has seven parts. They are as follows

1. Casting
2. Nut
3. Screw Spindle
4. Cup
5. Special washer
6. Set screw
7. Tommy bar
PROCEDURE:
To get the assembled view of Screw jack from given part details using Pro/ E
i. Study functional requirements of each component and their interrelationship. Learn
the actual working of a Screw jack.
ii. Study carefully the views of each component in Figures and decide the relative
iii. Decide the mating dimensions betweens two components, which are required to be
assembled
iv. Select a suitable scale for the entire assembly drawing
v. Select the working directory dialog box; navigate to the directory you want to set as
the working directory. Click OK to set the designated directory
vi. Set the datum plane where the parts are sketched and assembled using
PROTRUSION,CUT,REVOLVE,THREAD… etc
vii. Now the sketched 2D figures (7 Parts) are modeled to 3D figures using the
commands PROTRUSION,CUT,REVOLVE, THREAD... etc
viii. The 3D figures obtained from STEP (7 Parts) are imported to the Assembly drawing
and the assembly is carried out using the commands MATE, ALIGN,.etc.
ix. Show overall dimensions using DIMENSION Command.
x. Finally save the assembled view of SCREW JACK using SAVE command
EXP NO:12
DATE:
ASSEMBLY OF UNIVERSAL JOINT USING Pro/E
AIM:
To draw the assembled view of a Universal Joint using Pro/E Software from the given part
details

1 Computer System 1
2 Pro E Software 1
3 Plotter 1
THEORY:
A universal joint, universal coupling, U joint, Cardan joint, Hardy-Spicer joint, or
Hooke's joint is a joint or coupling in a rigid rod that allows the rod to 'bend' in any
direction, and is commonly used in shafts that transmit rotary motion. It consists of a
pair of hinges located close together, oriented at 90° to each other, connected by a
cross shaft.
UNIVERSAL JOINT PART DETAILS:
The Universal Joint has eight parts. They are as follows
1. Fork-1
2. Centre block
3. Fork-2
4. Pin
5. Collar
6. Shaft
7. Key
8. Taper pin
PROCEDURE:
To get the assembled view of Universal Joint from given part details using Pro/E
i. Study functional requirements of each component and their interrelationship. Learn
the actual working of a Universal Joint
ii. Study carefully the views of each component in Figures and decide the relative
iii. Decide the mating dimensions betweens two components, which are required to be
assembled
iv. Select a suitable scale for the entire assembly drawing
v. Select the working directory dialog box; navigate to the directory you want to set as
the working directory. Click OK to set the designated directory
vi. Set the datum plane where the parts are sketched and assembled using
PROTRUSION,CUT,REVOLVE, … etc
vii. Now the sketched 2D figures (8 Parts) are modeled to 3D figures using the
commands PROTRUSION,CUT,REVOLVE,... etc
viii. The 3D figures obtained from STEP (8 Parts) are imported to the Assembly drawing
and the assembly is carried out using the commands MATE, MATE ANGLE,
ALIGN,.etc.
ix. Show overall dimensions using DIMENSION Command.
x. Finally save the assembled view of UNIVERSAL JOINT using SAVE command

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INDEX

STUDY OF DRAFTING SOFTWARES-

DRAFTING ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS

DRAFTING ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS

ASSEMBLY OF FLANGE COUPLING

ASSEMBLY OF PLUMMER BLOCK

ASSEMBLY OF LATHE TAIL STOCK

ASSEMBLY OF MACHINE VICE

9 ASSEMBLY OF PISTON USING Pro/E

ASSEMBLY OF CONNECTING ROD

ASSEMBLY OF SCREW JACK

ASSEMBLY OF UNIVERSAL JOINT

To study the drawing standards in Machine Drawing.

Engineering Drawing is the representation of 3D objects in the form of Orthographic

TYPES OF KEYS (Fig 1)

Fig (1) TYPES OF KEYS

Fig (2) LAP JOINT

Fig 3 BUTT JOINT

1. REFERENCE TABLE FOR BOLTS AND SCREWS

The major functions to be performed by a Computer Aided Drafting system are:

1) Basic set-up of a drawing

Some of the features of CAD system are:

1) Modeling and Drafting: The majority of systems provide 2D and 3D modeling

AutoCAD 2000 SOFTWARE:

a) Center point and radius

A layer can be thought of as a transparent sheet on which drawings can be

Words, messages and numbers can be inserted as required on an engineering

The fundamental commands to edit a drawing are

1. MOVE: Moves selected objects to another location,

2. ROTATE: Rotates selected objects through a specified angle

The advanced features of AutoCAD are

1. Built-in programming language Auto LISP provides programming environment so

3. AutoCAD provides techniques to define and extract attributes of entities. This

DRAFTING ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS OF BRACKETS AND V-BLOCK USING AUTOCAD

S.NO NAME OF THE INSTRUMENTS QUANTITY

i) Study functional requirements of the component.

DRAFTING ORTHOGRAPHIC VIEWS OF STOP BLOCK AND SCREW THREAD USING

S.NO NAME OF THE INSTRUMENTS QUANTITY

Fig (2) SCREW THREAD

I) Study functional requirements of the component.

ASSEMBLY OF FLANGE COUPLING USING Pro/E

S.NO NAME OF THE INSTRUMENTS QUANTITY

RIGHTSIDE VIEW FRONT VIEW

Fig (1) FLANGE

Fig (3) TAPER KEY

Fig (4) HEXAGONAL BOLT

Fig (5) HEXAGONAL NUT

i) Study functional requirements of each component and their interrelationship. Learn

S.NO NAME OF THE INSTRUMENTS QUANTITY

The Plummer Block has six parts. They are as follows:

1. A cast iron block with a base (called body)

Fig (1) BODY (CAST IRON BLOCK WITH BASE)

Fig (3) CAST IRON CAP

Fig (5) HEXAGONAL LOCK NUTS (M15 X 1.0f)

Fig (6) HEXAGONAL LOCK NUTS (M10 X 1.5f)

i) Study functional requirements of each component and their interrelationship. Learn

S.NO NAME OF THE INSTRUMENTS QUANTITY

Fig (1) BARREL

Fig (2) BODY

Fig (4) CENTRE

Fig (5) SPINDLE BEARING

Fig (6) SCREW

Fig (8) KEY Fig (9) FEATHER