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Administration Guide
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Preface
Chapter 1 Introduction
Naming conventions used in this guide............................................................... 20
Importance of backups............................................................................................ 20
Product features ....................................................................................................... 20
Scheduled compared to manual backups ..................................................... 21
Deduplication backups and restores ............................................................. 21
Probe-based backups ....................................................................................... 23
Proxy backups and restores ............................................................................ 24
VMware support............................................................................................... 25
Archived redo log backups ............................................................................. 25
Control file autobackup ................................................................................... 25
Automatic channel allocation ......................................................................... 26
Backup and restore optimization ................................................................... 26
Backup copies.................................................................................................... 27
Backup of backup sets...................................................................................... 29
Cluster and RAC backups and restores......................................................... 29
Configuration wizards..................................................................................... 30
Internationalization (I18N) and localization (L10N) ................................... 33
Oracle Data Guard support............................................................................. 36
Parallelism ......................................................................................................... 36
Policy uniformity .............................................................................................. 37
Restartable backups.......................................................................................... 37
Retention policies ............................................................................................. 38
Save set bundling.............................................................................................. 39
Other Oracle features ....................................................................................... 44
Software used in the NMO environment ............................................................. 47
NetWorker software ......................................................................................... 47
NMO software................................................................................................... 48
NetWorker PowerSnap Module software ..................................................... 48
Oracle backup and recovery system .............................................................. 49
NMO components ................................................................................................... 51
NMO backup and restore processes ..................................................................... 52
Regular scheduled backup processes ............................................................ 53
Regular manual backup processes................................................................. 54
Deduplication backup processes.................................................................... 55
Regular restore processes ................................................................................ 57
Deduplication restore processes..................................................................... 58
Glossary
Index
Title Page
Title Page
1 NMO components................................................................................................................. 51
2 NetWorker Server resource attributes ............................................................................... 63
3 User group privileges required for NMO operations...................................................... 65
4 Options of the nsrnmoadmin command for migration................................................... 72
5 NetWorker Client resource attributes ................................................................................ 88
6 NetWorker Probe resource attributes ................................................................................ 98
7 PowerSnap parameters ...................................................................................................... 167
8 NWORA parameter resources .......................................................................................... 184
9 NWORA SID resource components ................................................................................. 186
10 Parameters in the RMAN command or script ................................................................ 201
11 Option values in the send command ............................................................................... 213
12 Set duplex command values.............................................................................................. 216
13 Trace option values and conditions traced...................................................................... 217
14 Error messages from the libnwora library....................................................................... 223
15 Error messages from the nsrnmoadmin program.......................................................... 231
16 Error messages from the nsrnmoinfo program .............................................................. 234
17 Error messages from the nsrnmoprobe program ........................................................... 235
18 Error messages from the nsrnmostart program ............................................................. 236
Title Page
1 Using the configure channel command with parms option for automatic channels .. 26
2 Specifying parameter values per automatic channel ....................................................... 26
3 Using the set backup copies command in the RMAN script .......................................... 28
4 Using automatic channels for backup copies .................................................................... 28
5 Expiring a backup ................................................................................................................. 38
6 Save set bundling for a one-week scheduled backup cycle of a tablespace ................. 42
7 Save set bundle join .............................................................................................................. 43
8 Splitting a save set bundle across volumes ....................................................................... 43
9 Using save set consolidation to re-unite a save set bundle ............................................. 44
10 RMAN script for a manual backup .................................................................................... 75
11 RMAN script for AES encryption during an Oracle backup .......................................... 76
12 RMAN script for a scheduled backup ................................................................................ 77
13 RMAN script for a manual deduplication backup ........................................................... 96
14 Possible Command Options settings for the nsrnmoprobe program ........................... 99
15 Multiple probes for a probe-based backup ..................................................................... 100
16 RMAN script to restore a tablespace ................................................................................ 121
17 RMAN script to restore an AES encrypted backup ....................................................... 122
18 RMAN script to restore from a specified pool ................................................................ 122
19 Sample nsrnmoinfo commands for Oracle restores ....................................................... 125
20 Volume information displayed by the nsrnmoinfo command ..................................... 125
21 Sample postcommand script on UNIX ............................................................................ 134
22 Sample postcommand script on Windows ...................................................................... 135
23 Setting up RAC nodes as storage nodes .......................................................................... 142
24 RMAN script for a manual Oracle backup on a RAC system ...................................... 146
25 RMAN script for an Oracle restore on a RAC system ................................................... 146
26 RMAN scripts with multiple channels ............................................................................ 165
27 PowerSnap parameter settings .......................................................................................... 168
28 PowerSnap parameter settings for a Celerra NAS device ............................................ 168
29 Proxy backup failure ........................................................................................................... 172
30 Proxy backup entries in the client file index ................................................................... 175
31 Proxy backup entries in the media database ................................................................... 176
32 Resource file backup entry in the client file index ......................................................... 176
33 Resource file backup entry in the media database ......................................................... 176
34 RESTORE_TYPE_ORDER parameter settings ................................................................ 177
35 Symbolic link specified in the set newname command ................................................. 180
36 Relocation of a raw volume ............................................................................................... 180
37 Default NWORA parameter resources ............................................................................ 186
38 NWORA SID resource ........................................................................................................ 187
39 Connection file contents ..................................................................................................... 188
40 Proxy backup entries in the index of a physical cluster client ...................................... 196
Title Page
41 Proxy backup entries in the index of a virtual cluster client ......................................... 197
42 A send command sets the parameters for a specified channel ..................................... 212
43 An rman send command sets a parameter for all channels .......................................... 214
44 Order of parameters set according to the precedence rules .......................................... 215
As part of an effort to improve and enhance the performance and capabilities of its product
lines, EMC periodically releases revisions of its hardware and software. Therefore, some
functions described in this document may not be supported by all versions of the software or
hardware currently in use. For the most up-to-date information on product features, refer to
your product release notes.
If a product does not function properly or does not function as described in this document,
please contact your EMC representative.
Audience This document is part of the EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle (NMO)
documentation set, and is intended for use by system administrators and Oracle
database administrators (DBAs) who are responsible for installing software and
maintaining the Oracle Server backup and recovery systems. Operators who monitor
Oracle database backups may also find this document useful.
Readers of this document are expected to be familiar with the following topics:
◆ Oracle terminology and concepts, especially those related to Oracle database
backup and recovery.
◆ Backup and recovery procedures on an Oracle Server.
◆ Disaster recovery procedures on an Oracle Server.
Related Documentation related to the use of this product can be found at the EMC website,
documentation http://Powerlink.EMC.com, including:
◆ The NetWorker Module for Oracle release 5.0 documentation set:
• Administration guide
• Installation guide
• Release notes
• Command reference guide
◆ The NetWorker documentation set:
• Administration guide
• Installation guide
• Release notes
• Command reference guide
• Disaster recovery guide
◆ Other EMC documentation:
• NetWorker PowerSnap Module documentation
• Software compatibility guide
• UNIX man pages
Conventions used in EMC uses the following conventions for special notices.
this document
Note: A note presents information that is important, but not hazard-related.
! CAUTION
A caution contains information essential to avoid data loss or damage to the system
or equipment.
! IMPORTANT
An important notice contains information essential to software or hardware
operation.
Typographical conventions
EMC uses the following type style conventions in this document:
Normal Used in running (nonprocedural) text for:
• Names of interface elements (such as names of windows, dialog boxes, buttons,
fields, and menus)
• Names of resources, attributes, pools, Boolean expressions, buttons, DQL
statements, keywords, clauses, environment variables, functions, utilities
• URLs, pathnames, filenames, directory names, computer names, links, groups,
service keys, file systems, notifications
Bold Used in running (nonprocedural) text for:
• Names of commands, daemons, options, programs, processes, services,
applications, utilities, kernels, notifications, system calls, man pages
Used in procedures for:
• Names of interface elements (such as names of windows, dialog boxes, buttons,
fields, and menus)
• What the user specifically selects, clicks, presses, or types
Italic Used in all text (including procedures) for:
• Full titles of publications referenced in text
• Emphasis (for example, a new term)
• Variables
Courier Used for:
• System output, such as an error message or script
• URLs, complete paths, filenames, prompts, and syntax when shown outside of
running text
Courier bold Used for:
• Specific user input (such as commands)
Courier italic Used in procedures for:
• Variables on the command line
• User input variables
<> Angle brackets enclose parameter or variable values supplied by the user
[] Square brackets enclose optional values
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are addressing.
Introduction
Introduction 19
Introduction
Importance of backups
The reliability of computer equipment has improved greatly in recent years, but
system and hardware failures still occur, sometimes with catastrophic results.
In a client/server environment, data can be lost due to hardware failures and user
errors. Software bugs, procedural flaws, and simple user errors are common
problems that necessitate database restores from backup storage media. A viable
backup strategy can help in the recovery from disastrous situations.
Database administrators must recognize the importance of performing regular
backups of database files and frequent backups of archived redo logs. If all archived
redo logs are lost, a database can be recovered only to the time of the last consistent
backup. Without backups and archived redo logs, the database cannot be recovered
at all.
Product features
The following sections describe major features of the NMO, Oracle Recovery
Manager (RMAN), and Oracle Server software.
Certain sections refer to the send command, which is used to set parameters in the
RMAN script for an NMO backup, as described in “The send command” on
page 211.
The Oracle backup and recovery documentation provides more details on RMAN
backups and restores and Oracle product features.
Product features 21
Introduction
The Avamar client-side binary, nsravtar, is installed on the NMO client with the
NetWorker client software. During a deduplication backup, the nsravtar process
sends the deduplicated client data to the Avamar server. A deduplication NMO
backup uses a hash cache on the client side. The Avamar and NetWorker
documentation provides more details about caches in deduplication backups.
The following sections describe the processes involved in deduplication backups and
restores:
◆ “Deduplication backup processes” on page 55
◆ “Deduplication restore processes” on page 58
A deduplication backup can be a manual or scheduled backup, including a
probe-based backup.
The application of browse and retention policies and the selection of media pools is
the same for a deduplication backup as for a regular NMO backup.
Since only the backup metadata (hash ID) is stored on the NetWorker backup device
(generating a very small save set), the device should be configured as an advanced
file type device (AFTD). The NetWorker administration guide provides more
information.
You must configure a scheduled or manual deduplication backup according to
“Configuring a deduplication backup” on page 93.
“Deduplication backup information in NetWorker indexes” on page 115 describes
the backup information stored in the NetWorker indexes, and how to delete the
backups.
Probe-based backups
NMO 5.0 software provides new support for probe-based backups (also known as
event-based backups). A probe-based backup is a type of scheduled backup:
◆ The NetWorker server starts a regular scheduled backup based on a time interval.
◆ The NetWorker server starts a probe-based backup when specified conditions are
met.
The NetWorker Module for Oracle release notes provides details on the NetWorker
requirements for the support of probe-based backups.
Probe-based backups are not supported for proxy backups or cluster/RAC
environments.
Product features 23
Introduction
Types of probes
There are two different types of probes:
◆ An NMO probe.
The NMO probe is implemented through the NMO program nsrnmoprobe. The
nsrnmoprobe program returns a successful result (signifying that the condition
being checked has been met) when it detects either of the following:
• The number of Oracle redo logs generated since the previous probe-based
backup exceeds a number known as the change threshold.
• A new database incarnation (reset log) has occurred since the previous
probe-based backup.
◆ User-defined probes.
A user-defined probe checks if any other user-defined condition (other than the
number of generated Oracle redo logs) has been met since the previous
probe-based backup. (This option requires more advanced configuration.) To
implement a user-defined probe, you must create a new script or program that
checks for the condition, as described in “Configuring a probe-based backup” on
page 97.
You must configure the required parameters and NetWorker resources to specify the
probe interval, backup window, and any other settings for a probe-based backup.
“Configuring a probe-based backup” on page 97 provides details on how to
configure a probe-based backup.
VMware support
NMO 4.5 provided support for regular backups and restores of an Oracle database
installed on a VMware Virtual Machine (VM) on an ESX server.
NMO 5.0 extends this support with the support for the following advanced features
of a VMware ESX server:
◆ VMotion — The VMotion feature enables migration of virtual machines from one
ESX server to another while the servers are on. The migration is seamless to the
applications running on the virtual machines, and a user does not experience any
disconnection. If a migration occurs during an NMO backup or restore, the
backup or restore is not interrupted. VMware documentation provides details on
the VM requirements for VMotion.
◆ Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) — The DRS feature enables dynamic
balancing and allocation of resources across multiple ESX servers. Depending on
the DRS policies set by the user, the DRS can migrate or recommend that users
migrate a virtual machine to a different ESX server by using VMotion. DRS can
also start (at boot-up time) a virtual machine on a different ESX server. Since this
feature uses VMotion, if a migration occurs during an NMO backup or restore,
the backup or restore is not interrupted.
The NetWorker Module for Oracle release notes provides details on the NetWorker
requirements for the support of VMware features.
Product features 25
Introduction
If the control file autobackup is set to on and the RMAN backup is performed with
NMO, the control file autobackup will also be performed with NMO. As a result, one
or more channels of device type sbt_tape must be allocated for the restore.
Note: Oracle also supports autobackup of the current server parameter file together with
control file autobackup.
! IMPORTANT
Manual and automatic channels are mutually exclusive and cannot be mixed in an
RMAN session. The format of an automatic channel name of the device type for
NMO backups and restores is ORA_SBT_n or ORA_SBT_TAPE_n, where n is the
channel number. Do not use this name format for manual channel allocation for
NMO. Otherwise, RMAN reports an error.
With automatic channel allocation, specification of the send command before the
backup or restore command causes the following error:
RMAN-06422: no channels found for SEND command
You must use the configure channel...parms... command to set the NSR* parameters
for automatic channels for an NMO backup. Do not use the send command or option
to set the NSR* parameters for automatic channels if you plan to use scheduled
backups.
Table 10 on page 201 lists all the NSR* parameters and their requirements.
Example 1 Using the configure channel command with parms option for automatic channels
Automatic channels are configured for NMO backups with the NetWorker server
server1.emc.com by typing the following configure channel...parms... command:
configure channel device type ’sbt_tape’ parms
’ENV=(NSR_SERVER=server1.emc.com)’
This command sets the default parameters for all the automatic channels.
Specific NSR* parameter values can be set for different channels (for example, a
separate setting of parameter NSR_GROUP for each channel) by typing the configure
channel n device type...parms... command, where n represents a channel number.
An NMO debug file is specified for the second automatic channel by typing the
following configure channel command:
configure channel 2 device type ’sbt_tape’ parms
’ENV=(NSR_DEBUG_FILE=/db/logs/backup.log)’
Note:
- To force a backup that would otherwise be skipped due to backup optimization, use the force
option in the backup command.
- When RMAN skips a backup due to backup optimization, it does not produce an error
message. However, RMAN does issue a warning message similar to the following:
skipping archive log file...
! IMPORTANT
When using Oracle backup optimization with NMO backups and restores, run the
crosscheck command regularly to synchronize the Recovery Catalog and
NetWorker indexes. This ensures that backups expired by the NetWorker server
are also marked as expired in the Recovery Catalog and RMAN does not skip a
backup when a referenced backup has already expired in NetWorker.
The restore optimization function prevents RMAN from restoring a file if the original
file is already in the correct location and contains the expected information.
Note: To force a restore that would otherwise be skipped due to restore optimization, use the
force option in the restore command.
Backup copies
! IMPORTANT
If more than one RMAN channel is used for backup copies of an NMO backup,
parameter values set with the send command or option are passed by RMAN to the
first backup channel only. Due to this send command limitation, NMO does not
support the use of RMAN backup copies commands during scheduled backups.
NMO supports backup copies with manual backups only.
Use the RMAN commands for backup copies only during manual backups when the
parameters NSR_SERVER, NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL,
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL1, NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL2, and
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL3 are set with the parms option, not with the send
command or option.
The set duplex command is deprecated (no longer supported by Oracle, but still
functional in some Oracle releases). The Oracle documentation provides more details.
Despite the fact that RMAN provides different commands for duplexing backups, the
rules for duplexing through NMO remain the same as with the set duplex command.
Separate NetWorker pools must still be defined for each copy. “The set duplex
command” on page 215 provides more information on the set duplex command and
setting up NetWorker pools for each copy.
Product features 27
Introduction
Manual backups can be duplexed (up to four copies) by using one of the following
commands:
◆ The configure...backup copies for device type sbt_tape to... command specifies
persistent settings for duplexing backups through NMO.
For example, specify persistent settings for duplex copies of datafiles and
archived redo logs (respectively) in NMO backups with the following types of
configure commands:
configure datafile backup copies for device type ’sbt_tape’ to 2
configure archivelog backup copies for device type ’sbt_tape’ to 2
◆ The backup command with the copies option applies to objects within the
backup command. The backup...copies setting takes precedence over the
persistent settings in the configure...backup copies command.
◆ The set backup copies command applies to all backup objects in the same run
job.
In the following examples, the parms option is used to configure the channel and set
the required parameters. These sample scripts must be invoked manually with
RMAN, for example, by using the following command:
rman cmdfile script_name
Example 3 Using the set backup copies command in the RMAN script
The following RMAN script uses the set backup copies command to generate the
backup copies. The parameters are set with the parms option, as required. The
RMAN script must be invoked for a manual backup, not a scheduled backup:
run {
set backup copies 4;
allocate channel ch1 parms ’ENV=(NSR_SERVER=server_name,
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL=nmo1, NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL1=nmo2,
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL2=nmo3, NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL3=nmo4)’;
backup format '%d_%U'
tag tag_name
(tablespace 'SYSTEM' );
release channel ch1;
}
The backup set on disk can also be deleted with the delete input option in the backup
device type sbt backupset... command. For example, to back up the backup sets that
were created on disk more than a week ago and then remove the backup sets from
disk, use the following command:
backup device type sbt backupset completed before sysdate-7 delete
input
Product features 29
Introduction
Configuration wizards
NMO 5.0 software supports new backup and recovery configuration wizards that are
integrated with the NetWorker Management Console (NMC). The configuration
wizards used in NMO release 4.5 or earlier are replaced by the NMC-based wizards
in NMO release 5.0.
Configuration wizard plug-in components are installed with the NMO software on
the NMO client host. NMC loads the NMO wizard plug-in at run time. You can run
the NMO wizards from the NetWorker Console Administration window, which you
can start on any supported host by using a web browser session and specifying the
Console server URL.
The NetWorker Module for Oracle release notes provides details on the NetWorker
requirements for the support of the NMC-based configuration wizards.
Note: NMO 5.0 still supports the legacy method of backup configuration whereby you
manually create a nsrnmo script and RMAN script, set any required parameters in the
NWORA resource file, and configure the NetWorker resources with NMC (without the
wizard). “Configuring a backup with the NMC legacy method” on page 75 describes the
legacy configuration method.
Note: The backup configuration wizard stores sensitive data securely by using NetWorker
lockbox services.
The wizard does not automatically generate a nsrnmo script and RMAN script, but
provides an option to save configuration settings to a nsrnmo script or RMAN script
on disk. These scripts are meant for reference use only.
When you run a backup that was configured through the wizard, the backup does not
access any nsrnmo or RMAN script file that the wizard saved to disk. Instead, the
backup accesses the configuration information that the wizard stored in the Client
resource.
The wizards do not store any database connection passwords in any RMAN scripts
that are saved to disk.
The backup configuration wizard also sets the following values in the Client
resource:
◆ Backup Command attribute is set to:
nsrnmostart -C [-c virtual_client]
where:
• database_Net_service_name is the the name of the Oracle database to be
backed up.
• level is the Oracle backup level (full, incr_differential, or incr_cumulative).
• name_of_first_tablespace_or_datafile is the name of the first tablespace or datafile
in the backup list. This name is included in Save Set attribute only if a partial
database (subset of the entire database) is selected for backup.
Product features 31
Introduction
Note: Migration of a proxy backup configuration is not supported. “Requirements for using the
nsrnmoadmin command for migration” on page 70 describes the requirements and limitations
of migration with the nsrnmoadmin command.
Migration converts legacy configuration files and resources (the nsrnmo script,
RMAN script, NWORA resource file, and Client resource) to the configuration
storage framework used by the new wizard. Migration with the nsrnmoadmin
command does not create a new Client resource; the migration modifies an existing
Client resource, such that you can then use the wizard to modify it.
The migration process stores the following in a hidden attribute in the Client
resource:
◆ Environment variable settings extracted from the nsrnmo script. (Any scripting
commands in the nsrnmo script are ignored.)
◆ RMAN commands and options extracted from the RMAN script.
◆ NSR_BUNDLING, NSR_INCR_EXPIRATION, and NSR_ORACLE_NLS_LANG
settings extracted from the NWORA resource file.
The migration process also sets the following values in the Client resource:
◆ Backup Command attribute is set to:
nsrnmostart -C [-c virtual_client]
I18N features
NMO I18N is the capability of the NMO software to operate in a non-English
environment or locale without itself generating non-ASCII data. After you set up
NMO I18N as described in “Configuring I18N support” on page 67, NMO can
process and display non-ASCII data that is passed to it by the operating system,
NetWorker software, and Oracle software. The non-ASCII data can include text
messages, dates, times, numbers, and so on.
The EMC Information Protection Software Compatibility Guide on the Powerlink website
provides details on the different languages supported and the operating system,
Oracle Server, and NetWorker software requirements for NMO I18N.
NMO I18N is supported for the following:
◆ Regular (nonproxy) backups and restores
◆ Proxy backups and restores with a supported PowerSnap Module release, as
described in the NetWorker Module for Oracle release notes
As a separate NMO feature, NMO localization (L10N) is the capability of NMO to
itself generate non-ASCII data and print the data to the user interface. “L10N
features” on page 35 provides more information on NMO L10N support.
The term internalization is used differently in the NetWorker documentation (as
opposed to this NMO documentation). NetWorker server and client documents refer
to internationalization as the capability of the NetWorker software to both process
non-ASCII data as input and generate non-ASCII data as output in a non-English
locale.
The extent of the NMO I18N support is dependent on the following:
◆ I18N support that is provided by the operating system on the NMO client host.
◆ I18N support that is provided by the NetWorker client and server software.
◆ National Language Support (NLS) or globalization support that is provided by
the Oracle software.
For example, if NetWorker software does not support non-ASCII data in a specific
NetWorker resource attribute (such as the group name in the Group resource), NMO
cannot support non-ASCII data in that resource attribute. The EMC Information
Protection Software Compatibility Guide and the NetWorker documentation include
more information on the I18N support provided by NetWorker.
Product features 33
Introduction
Note: Oracle does not recommend the use of non-ASCII text in the Oracle database
usernames. Due to Oracle limitations, ASCII text must be used for the password of the
target database.
When NMO I18N support is set up, NMO generates debug messages in English only.
NMO generates error messages in the nmo.messages.raw file in a
language-independent binary form, readable by the nsr_render_log program only.
The nmo.messages.raw file replaces the nmo.messages file used in previous NMO
releases. (The log file does not contain Oracle Server or RMAN errors.)
The NetWorker administration guide provides information on how to use the
nsr_render_log program to read any language-independent binary file, such as
nmo.messages.raw.
The PowerSnap Module documentation provides details on the PowerSnap options
that support non-ASCII values.
“Configuring I18N support” on page 67 describes how to set up NMO I18N support.
L10N features
NMO L10N is the capability of the NMO software to generate non-ASCII character
and numeric data based on the locale of the user, and output the data to the user
interface. This capability requires the installation of the appropriate NMO language
packs in non-English locales. The non-ASCII data generated by NMO is printed to the
command line or to specific log files or wizard screens.
◆ When NMO I18N is set up, NMO can process and display non-ASCII data that is
passed to it by the operating system, NetWorker software, and Oracle software.
◆ When NMO L10N is set up by also installing the required NMO language packs,
NMO can also generate non-ASCII data, localized according to the user locale. The
non-ASCII data can include text messages, dates, times, and numeric values
displayed in the locale-dependent format.
The EMC Information Protection Software Compatibility Guide on the Powerlink website
provides details on the different languages supported and the operating system,
Oracle Server, and NetWorker software requirements for NMO L10N.
NMO L10N is supported for the following:
◆ Regular backups and restores
◆ Proxy backups and restores with a supported PowerSnap Module release, as
described in the NetWorker Module for Oracle release notes
The extent of the NMO L10N support is limited by the following:
◆ L10N support that is provided by the operating system on the NMO client host.
◆ L10N support that is provided by the NetWorker client and server software.
◆ National Language Support (NLS) or globalization support that is provided by
the Oracle software.
When NMO L10N support is set up as described in “Configure L10N support” on
page 69, NMO generates messages in localized form and displays localized text in the
wizard, except for the following:
◆ Comments (lines starting with the symbol #) in the nwora.res file and RMAN
scripts
◆ All debug messages, including the messages in the configuration wizard debug
log files and in the log files specified by NSR_DEBUG_FILE and
NSR_SB_DEBUG_FILE
◆ Output to the Oracle trace file
“Configure L10N support” on page 69 describes how to set up NMO L10N support.
Product features 35
Introduction
Parallelism
Parallelism is a feature that enables NMO backup or restore streams of Oracle data
from several clients, or many Oracle data streams from one client, at the same time.
Different types of configuration settings enable different types of parallelism during
NMO operations:
◆ The Parallelism attribute in the NetWorker Server resource specifies the
maximum number of backup save streams that the NetWorker software allows to
arrive in parallel at the server.
◆ The Parallelism attribute (a hidden attribute) in the NetWorker Client resource
specifies the maximum number of data streams that the Oracle Server sends in
parallel to the NetWorker server or storage node during an NMO backup.
◆ For proxy operations, the PowerSnap parameter settings specify the maximum
number of parallel save streams on the proxy client host.
Note: The degree of proxy backup or restore parallelism is not controlled by the allocation
of multiple channels in the RMAN script. Oracle uses only one of the allocated channels for
the proxy backup or restore, unless specific backup options are used.
Policy uniformity
If policy uniformity is enabled, NMO automatically enforces the uniformity of the
browse and retention policies between all the dependent save sets in a scheduled
backup cycle (whether or not save set bundling is enabled). When save set bundling
is also enabled, all the save sets in a bundle receive the same browse and retention
policies.
After NMO performs an incremental scheduled backup, if the browse and retention
policies of the save sets in the backup are longer than the policies of preceding
dependent save sets in the same backup cycle, the NMO program nsrnmostart
changes the policies of all save sets in the cycle to match the longest policy of the new
incremental save sets. NMO modifies the policies recorded in the NetWorker media
database. As a result, backups cannot expire and become recyclable before other
dependent backups from the same backup cycle.
The NMO software does not enforce policy uniformity for a manual backup, except
when a subsequent scheduled backup is dependent on the manual backup, and then
the policies of the manual backup are modified accordingly.
Policy uniformity does not depend on whether save sets are stored on separate
volumes. For example, if parts of a save set bundle are split onto separate volumes, all
the save sets in the bundle still receive the same browse and retention policies.
“Configure policy uniformity” on page 92 provides information on how to configure
policy uniformity for NMO backups.
Restartable backups
RMAN can back up files that have not been backed up since a specified time. For
example, to continue the backup of a database that was canceled 2 days ago, use the
following command:
backup device type sbt database not backed up since time ’sysdate-2’
RMAN compares the given time in this command with the completion time of the
most recent backup of a datafile to determine if the datafile requires backup. The
appropriate Oracle backup and recovery documentation provides more information.
The following sections provide more information on how to cancel NMO backups:
◆ “Cancel a manual backup” on page 107
◆ “Cancel a scheduled backup” on page 111
Product features 37
Introduction
Retention policies
RMAN provides an Oracle retention policy for backups. An Oracle retention policy is
based on the recovery window or redundancy; it is not based on a defined time
period, such as a year. Oracle considers a backup obsolete when it is no longer
required according to the Oracle retention policy setting. Oracle checks the retention
policy of a backup when the report obsolete... or delete obsolete... command is run.
NMO supports the Oracle retention policy with some restrictions, since the
NetWorker server has its own browse and retention policies to specify how long data
is available for recovery. NetWorker browse and retention policies are based on a
user-defined time period. Since the Oracle retention policy is independent from that
of the NetWorker server, and there is no mechanism to synchronize these policies, the
NetWorker and Oracle policies could conflict.
A NetWorker server might expire an NMO backup that is not yet obsolete in RMAN,
depending on the NetWorker browse and retention policies. Use of NMO cannot
guarantee that the NetWorker server will not expire a backup volume until all the
RMAN backups on that volume have been removed from the RMAN catalog.
To avoid conflicts, perform either of the following:
◆ Disable the Oracle retention policy (and then use only the NetWorker server
policy) with the following command:
configure retention policy to none
If the Recovery Catalog is used, exempt a backup from the retention policy with
one of the following commands:
change backupset...keep until/forever...
backup...keep until/forever...
◆ (If you want to use the Oracle retention policy) Set the NetWorker browse and
retention policies to be long enough that backups are kept on the backup volumes
until the Oracle retention policy makes them obsolete.
Set the NetWorker policies in the NetWorker Client resource for scheduled
backups or through the NSR_SAVESET_BROWSE and
NSR_SAVESET_RETENTION parameters. “Configure a Client resource with
NMC” on page 87 provides more information on how to set NetWorker policies
for NMO backups.
! IMPORTANT
Run the crosscheck command on the NMO backups before running report
obsolete or delete obsolete backups of the device type sbt_tape. This ensures that
backups expired by the NetWorker server are flagged as expired in the RMAN
catalog. As a result, RMAN can correctly identify which backups are not needed
according to the Oracle retention policy.
For example:
1. Run the following command to synchronize the RMAN Catalog and
NetWorker indexes:
crosscheck backup;
2. Run the following command to delete all obsolete backups defined by the
current Oracle retention policy:
delete obsolete;
Note: NMO does not support save set bundling for proxy backups. NMO performs save set
bundling for regular Oracle backups only.
During staging operations with NetWorker server release 7.4 and later, if the staging
criteria determine that a particular NMO save set should be staged (migrated) and
the save set is part of a save set bundle, the NetWorker server stages the entire save
set bundle. If the nsrstage command is used to manually stage one or more save sets
from a save set bundle, all the save sets in the bundle are staged.
Note: After a staging operation during which all the save sets in a bundle are staged, the
resulting available space on the staging device might exceed the lower-water mark specified in
the staging policy.
The NetWorker administration guide provides details on how to work with staging
policies and perform automatic and manual staging operations through the
NetWorker server.
“NMO scheduled backups and save set bundling” on page 39 describes NMO save
set bundling during regular scheduled backups, and how to configure save set
bundling.
If policy uniformity is configured, NMO automatically enforces the uniformity of
browse and retention policies for all the dependent save sets of the same scheduled
backup cycle or same save set bundle, which ensures that incremental backups do not
persist after the backups they depend on have expired.
“Other Oracle features” on page 44 provides more information on how policy
uniformity relates to save set bundling. Save set bundling and policy uniformity can
be enabled and disabled independently.
Product features 39
Introduction
Note: Backup set and backup piece are Oracle terms. Save set is a NetWorker term.
◆ A control file, parameter file (or spfile), archived log, or datafile cannot span more
than one backup set.
◆ A control file or parameter file backup cannot span more than one backup piece.
◆ An archived log or datafile backup can span more than one backup piece in a
backup set.
It is possible to determine which backup set contains a specific datafile (by querying
the v$ views in the Oracle database), but not which backup pieces within the backup
set contain the datafile.
An Oracle backup set contains either of the following:
◆ The backup of a control file, parameter file, or archived log, which is always
performed as a full backup.
Note: The backup of a control file, parameter file, or archived log is always placed in its
own save set bundle.
At the end of a full or level 0 scheduled backup, the NMO software creates a new save
set bundle for the backup set from the backup. If subsequent incremental backups are
performed that are dependent on the level 0 backup, NMO adds their save sets to the
save set bundle from the level 0 backup.
A separate save set bundle is created for each scheduled backup cycle of a particular
Oracle database object, where a backup cycle consists of a full or level 0 backup of the
object and all the subsequent incremental backups that are dependent on the level 0
backup.
A save set bundle contains one of the following:
◆ The save sets from a stand-alone full backup, with no other dependent save sets.
For example, the save sets from the backup of a control file, parameter file, or
archived log (always performed as a full backup) are placed in their own save set
bundle.
◆ The save sets from a level 0 backup of an Oracle object and all subsequent
incremental backups in the same backup cycle of the object.
When an incremental backup occurs and NMO cannot find a preceding dependent
backup in any existing bundles, NMO creates a new save set bundle for the
incremental backup.
Save sets from a manual backup are placed into a save set bundle only if a subsequent
scheduled backup is dependent on them. The manual backup save sets are placed in
the save set bundle at the same time as the dependent save sets from the scheduled
backup.
For save set bundling purposes, you can simultaneously run multiple backup cycles
that back up different objects from the same database, as long as different files are
backed up by the different cycles. For example, one cycle can back up datafiles 1 and
2, while another cycle backs up datafiles 3, 4, and 5 from the same database. The
cycles can also be of different lengths. For example, one cycle can last a week, while
another concurrent cycle lasts several weeks.
Note: The backup copies feature and save set bundling of backup copies are not supported
with NMO scheduled backups. Backup copies created during a manual backup are
independent of each other, and each copy goes to a different NetWorker volume.
If an error occurs during save set bundling, the bundling operation fails but the
scheduled backup can finish successfully. Information about the bundling failure is
printed to the savegrp output and to the debug file specified by NSR_DEBUG_FILE.
How the nsrnmostart program performs save set bundling
The NMO program nsrnmostart automatically places save sets into a save set bundle
at the end of a scheduled backup, before the nwora.res file is backed up. “Configure
save set bundling” on page 91 provides information on the nwora.res file.
To perform save set bundling, the nsrnmostart program connects to the Oracle
database by attempting to use the login and password from the RMAN script. If a
login and password are not available from the script, the program uses the
ORACLE_SID value from the nsrnmo script to search the nwora.res file for the
NSR_ORACLE_CONNECT_FILE parameter, and uses the connection strings from
the specified connection file. “Configure save set bundling” on page 91 provides
more details on the requirements of save set bundling.
Product features 41
Introduction
After connecting to the Oracle database, the nsrnmostart program obtains all the
required information about the backups from the Oracle control file (by querying the
v$backup_set, v$backup_piece, and v$backup_datafile tables). The control file can
store only a limited number of backup entries. When the maximum number of entries
is exceeded, old entries in the control file are overwritten by new ones. Save set
bundling is successful only if information in the control file about backed-up save
sets has not been overwritten. The Oracle documentation provides information about
proper maintenance of the control file and how much backup information the control
file can store.
The nsrnmostart program creates a save set bundle for each full or incremental level
0 backup. The program adds the save sets from subsequent incremental backups to
the bundles of the full or level 0 backups they are dependent on.
The name that the nsrnmostart program assigns to a save set bundle is a number
corresponding to the save time of the oldest save set in the bundle. NMO provides the
NetWorker server with the list of save sets contained in each save set bundle.
After a scheduled backup, the NetWorker server stores the save set bundle name and
the list of save sets it contains in the media database. You can view the bundle
information by using the mminfo command, as described in “Save set bundling
information in the media database” on page 43.
Example 6 Save set bundling for a one-week scheduled backup cycle of a tablespace
Two save set bundles are created by separate level 0 backups of files A and B. Then a
new backup set is created by a level 1 backup of both files A and B. Since the new
backup set is dependent on both of the preceding level 0 backups, NMO combines all
three backups into the same save set bundle.
If the original file A backup has the oldest backup time, NMO places the new backup
set (from the level 1 backup) into the save set bundle of the (level 0) file A backup.
NMO then moves the original (level 0) file B backup into the save set bundle with the
other two backups. This method of combining existing bundles into a new save set
bundle is known as a “save set bundle join.”
In both of the following cases, a save set bundle is split across multiple volumes. The
parts of the save set bundle on different volumes must be staged separately by the
NetWorker server:
◆ A backup uses multiple channels so the backup set spans multiple volumes. All
the save sets belong to the same backup set and save set bundle, but parts of the
bundle are stored on different volumes. During staging, only the save sets on the
same volume can be staged together.
◆ A level 0 backup of file A is performed to volume A. An incremental backup of
file A is then performed to volume B. Although both backups are recorded as
belonging to the same save set bundle, the save set bundle is split across volumes.
During staging, only the save sets on the same volume can be staged together.
Product features 43
Introduction
Note: Oracle does not support proxy backups of datafiles or archived redo logs that reside
on Oracle Automated Storage. Oracle Automated Storage is also known by the term Oracle
Automated Storage Management (ASM).
Note: Whether or not a flash recovery area is enabled, the backup recovery files
command can be used to perform the backup.
◆ If multiple channels are used for an RMAN backup command and one of the
channels fails, Oracle fails over to another channel to continue the backup job.
For example, if two channels are configured with different NetWorker volume
pools and one of the channels fails over to the other channel during a backup, the
entire backup goes to the volumes in the pool of that remaining channel.
◆ Before using the backup command with the duration...minimize load option,
consider:
• The minimize load option might impact the tape streaming since the transfer
rate of data sent by RMAN might be slow with this option, depending on the
duration value.
Note: This is not a concern if you use the NetWorker backup to disk feature.
Product features 45
Introduction
Note: The NSR_SERVER and NSR_CLIENT parameters are the minimum parameters required
to perform a restore. Other NMO parameters may also be specified for the automatic channel
configuration.
To enable the use of Data Recovery Advisor with Oracle11g and NMO:
◆ If automatic channels have not been configured for NMO backups, use the
following commands to ensure the basic automatic channel configuration:
configure channel device type ’sbt_tape’ parms
’ENV=(NSR_SERVER=NetWorker_server_name,
NSR_CLIENT=NMO_client_name)’;
configure channel device type 'sbt_tape' parallelism
number_of_restore_channels;
◆ If automatic channels are already configured for NMO backups, no additional
configuration steps are required.
Note: Ensure that the NSR_RETENTION_DISABLED option is not set in the RMAN
backup script used with NMO.
NetWorker software
The NetWorker software comprises a high-capacity, easy-to-use data storage
management solution that protects and helps manage data across an entire network.
The NetWorker software simplifies the storage management process and reduces the
administrative burden by automating and centralizing data storage operations.
The NetWorker software enables a user to:
◆ Perform automated backups during nonpeak hours
◆ Administer, configure, monitor, and control NetWorker functions from any
computer on a network
◆ Centralize and automate data management operations
◆ Increase backup performance by simultaneously sending more than one save
stream to a single device
◆ Optimize performance by using parallel save streams to multiple backup devices
or storage nodes
NetWorker client/server technology uses the network remote procedure call (RPC)
protocol to back up data. The NetWorker client software consists of client-side
services and user interface programs.
The NetWorker server software consists of several server-side services and programs
that:
◆ Oversee backup and restore processes
◆ Maintain client configuration files
◆ Maintain an online client file index and online media database, which together
comprise the online indexes on the NetWorker server
During a backup, the NetWorker server makes an entry in the online client file index
and records the location of the data in the online media database. These entries
provide recovery information required for all backed-up data.
After a scheduled backup, the NetWorker server sends a record of the bootstrap file to
the default printer. This is a printed record of the dates, locations, and save set ID
numbers for the server’s online indexes that are required for restoring data. Keep the
bootstrap printout on file as a quick reference in the event of a disaster, such as a disk
crash or server failure:
◆ The NetWorker installation guide provides information on how to install
NetWorker software.
◆ The NetWorker administration guide provides information on how to configure
and use NetWorker software.
NMO software
NetWorker Module for Oracle (NMO) software is an add-on module for the
NetWorker server that enables you to perform the following tasks:
◆ Manual Oracle backups
◆ Scheduled Oracle backups
◆ Restores of Oracle backup data
◆ Automated media management
NMO software provides the following features:
◆ Capability to integrate database and file system backups, to relieve the burden of
backup from the database administrator while allowing the administrator to
retain control of the restore process.
◆ Automatic database storage management through automated scheduling,
autochanger support, electronic tape labeling, and tracking.
◆ Support for backup to a centralized backup server.
◆ High performance through support for multiple, concurrent high-speed devices
such as digital linear tape (DLT) drives.
Together with the NetWorker server, NMO augments the backup and recovery
system provided by the Oracle Server and provides a storage management solution
that addresses the need for cross-platform support of enterprise applications.
Proxy backups and restores of Oracle database files residing on specific types of
primary storage devices are supported. These proxy operations are performed by
NMO, with the NetWorker server and the appropriate NetWorker PowerSnap
Module software.
The NetWorker Module for Oracle installation guide provides information on how to
install the NMO software.
During a proxy backup, the Oracle data can optionally be copied from the snapshot to
a NetWorker storage device. The data is copied to the secondary storage by either the
Oracle Server host or a proxy client host that is separate from the Oracle Server host.
The following sources provide information on how to configure and run proxy
backups and restores with the NMO and PowerSnap Module software:
◆ Chapter 7, “Proxy Backups and Restores”
◆ NetWorker PowerSnap Module documentation
The EMC Information Protection Software Compatibility Guide on the Powerlink website
provides a complete list of supported PowerSnap Modules.
Oracle
Recovery Server
Catalog
Storage
NetWorker medium
Module
for Oracle
MML
NetWorker
client
NetWorker
NetWorker server
Management Console
GEN-000170
NMO components
Table 1 on page 51 lists the components that are installed on the NMO client host
during the NMO software installation. Unless specified otherwise, the files are
located in the same directory as the NetWorker client software.
fdiff.jar fdiff.jar Plug-in jar files for the NMO backup and recovery configuration wizards.
nwora.jar nwora.jar
nwora_res.jar nwora_res.jar
libnwora.xx In /usr/lib on UNIX only. The main NMO library (known as Media Management Library in
Oracle documentation) that is loaded by the Oracle backup or restore process.
nsrnmo nsrnmo.bat The nsrnmo script that contains parameter settings for a particular scheduled backup. The
script is only used for a scheduled backup that has been configured through NMC (the legacy
configuration method without the wizard).
nsrnmo.sh In /etc on UNIX only. A sample template for the nsrnmo script. You should copy and customize
this template, and save the original file in /etc.
nsrnmoadmin nsrnmoadmin.exe The program that is used either to create resource settings in the NWORA resource file, or to
migrate legacy backup configurations to the new format supported by the configuration wizard.
nsrnmodrpostcmd nsrnmodrpostcmd.exe A sample postcommand script that can be customized to back up specific files at the end of a
scheduled backup, in preparation for disaster recovery.
nsrnmoinfo nsrnmoinfo.exe The program that determines the NetWorker volumes required to restore specified Oracle
backup pieces from NMO backups.
nsrnmoprobe nsrnmoprobe.exe The program that probes for the number of generated Oracle logs as a condition that triggers
probe-based backups.
NMO components 51
Introduction
nsrnmostart nsrnmostart.exe The program that invokes a scheduled backup on the Oracle Server, launching RMAN by
passing arguments to the Oracle utility. The program optionally runs precommand and
postcommand scripts.
nsroraclecat nsroraclecat.exe Not available on Linux Itanium, Solaris AMD64/EM64T, or Windows Itanium (platforms that do
not support proxy backups). The program that is used to remove RMAN catalog entries during
automatic catalog synchronization for proxy backups.
nsrorara nsrorara.exe The program that performs operations on behalf of the NMO configuration wizard on the local
or remote NMO host.
nsrsbtcn.exe On Windows only. The orasbt.dll file is the main NMO library (known as Media Management
orasbt.dll Library in Oracle documentation) that is loaded by the Oracle backup or restore thread, and it
uses nsrsbtcn.exe to perform any corresponding NetWorker operations.
Note: At the end of a scheduled Oracle backup, the savegrp program also automatically backs
up the NetWorker server bootstrap and the Oracle client file indexes. The bootstrap and client
indexes are not automatically backed up at the end of a manual NMO backup.
Figure 2 on page 54 shows how the Oracle Server, NetWorker server, and NMO
processes interact during a regular scheduled NMO backup that was configured
through the legacy method (without the wizard).
tracking
information
Oracle
process nsrindexd nsrmmdbd
(channel)
nsrexecd
GEN-001110
3. The Oracle Server backup sessions send the backup data to the NetWorker media
service, nsrmmd, to store on the appropriate backup volumes.
4. Tracking information is stored in the NetWorker online indexes:
• The nsrmmd service records tracking information in the NetWorker media
database by using the nsrmmdbd service.
• The Oracle backup sessions send tracking information to the NetWorker client
file index by using the nsrindexd service.
Figure 3 on page 55 shows how the Oracle Server, NetWorker server, and NMO
processes interact during a regular manual NMO backup.
RMAN
tracking
information
Oracle nsrindexd nsrmmdbd
process
(channel) data
nsrmmd
NetWorker
Module NetWorker
for Oracle Module
MML element
interprocess
nsrexecd communication
nsrd
GEN-000171
3. The Oracle Server backup session contacts the main NetWorker service, nsrd, to
obtain the required authorization and the identifier of the nsrmmd process that
manages the requested backup device on the NetWorker server or storage node.
4. The Oracle Server backup session sends the backup data in the NetWorker save
set format to the nsravtar process.
5. The nsravtar process applies deduplication logic to the backup data by using
information in a local cache or by contacting the Avamar server, and sends the
unique data blocks to the Avamar server (NetWorker deduplication node).
6. The nsravtar process sends a hash ID (one hash ID per save set) to the Oracle
Server backup session.
7. The Oracle Server backup session sends the hash ID in save set format to the
NetWorker media service, nsrmmd, to store on the NetWorker backup device.
8. Tracking information is stored in the NetWorker online indexes:
• The nsrmmd service records tracking information in the NetWorker media
database by using the nsrmmdbd service. The media database entry contains
extended attributes that identify the backup as a deduplication backup, as
described in “Deduplication backup information in NetWorker indexes” on
page 115.
• The Oracle backup session sends tracking information to the NetWorker client
file index by using the nsrindexd service.
Figure 4 on page 57 shows how the Avamar server, NetWorker, and NMO processes
interact during a deduplication NMO backup. In the figure, the thickness of the data
arrows indicates the amount of data passed between processes:
◆ All the data being backed up is passed between the Oracle Server backup session
and nsravtar process.
◆ Hash IDs and new data blocks (never backed up before by the Avamar server) are
passed between the nsravtar process and Avamar server.
◆ A single hash ID for the entire NMO save set is passed between the Oracle Server
backup session and NetWorker storage node.
NetWorker NetWorker
server storage node
Hash ID
acle
Oracle
data /
hash ID
GSAN
Node 1
nsravtar
Node 2
Deduplicated
data / hash ID
GEN-001111
4. The nsrmmd service calls the media database service, nsrmmdbd, to determine
which media contains the requested save set and issue a mount request.
5. The nsrmmd service reads the appropriate backup volumes and passes the data
to the Oracle sessions through the NMO MML.
6. The Oracle Server sessions write the data to the disk.
Figure 5 on page 58 shows how the Oracle Server, NetWorker server, and NMO
processes interact during a regular NMO restore.
RMAN
tracking
information
Oracle
process nsrindexd nsrmmdbd
(channel)
NetWorker
Module NetWorker Module
element
for Oracle
MML
data
nsrmmd
interprocess
nsrexecd communication
nsrd
GEN-000173
Once RMAN has restored the required files from the backup volumes, a database
administrator can complete the standard Oracle database recovery.
5. The nsrmmd service on the NetWorker server calls the media database service,
nsrmmdbd, to determine which media contains the requested save set and issue a
mount request.
6. The nsrmmd service reads the appropriate backup volumes and passes the data
(hash ID) to the Oracle Server session.
7. The Oracle Server session passes the hash ID to the nsravtar process.
8. The nsravtar process retrieves the data corresponding to the hash ID from either
the primary Avamar server or the replication Avamar server, and sends the data
to the Oracle Server session.
9. The Oracle Server session writes the data to the disk.
Software Configuration 61
Software Configuration
Configuration roadmap
The Oracle Server and NetWorker server must be properly configured before the
NetWorker Module for Oracle (NMO) software can be used for backup and restore
operations.
Before configuring the Oracle Server and NetWorker server, ensure that the NMO
software is installed on the Oracle Server host according to the instructions in the
NetWorker Module for Oracle installation guide.
To perform specific configuration procedures, you can use either of the following
through NetWorker Management Console (NMC):
◆ Client backup configuration wizard for Oracle
◆ Legacy configuration method (without the wizard) that uses
application-independent screens in NMC
To configure a regular scheduled backup, follow the instructions in the following
sections that apply to your particular environment:
1. Verify the Oracle Server configuration according to “Verify the Oracle Server
configuration” on page 63.
2. Verify the NetWorker resources according to “Verify the NetWorker resources”
on page 63.
3. If required, configure internationalization (I18N) support according to
“Configuring I18N support” on page 67.
4. If required, configure localization (L10N) support according to “Configure L10N
support” on page 69.
5. To use the new backup configuration wizard to modify a legacy configuration
that was not created with that wizard, migrate the configuration first according to
“Migrating a legacy configuration with the nsrnmoadmin command” on page 69.
6. Complete the backup configuration by using either the wizard or NMC:
• “Configuring a backup with the NMC wizard” on page 72
• “Configuring a backup with the NMC legacy method” on page 75 (This
section includes details on creation of nsrnmo and RMAN scripts and manual
configuration of save set bundling and policy uniformity.)
Refer to the following for additional information on configuring a deduplication
backup or probe-based backup:
◆ “Configuring a deduplication backup” on page 93
◆ “Configuring a probe-based backup” on page 97
Chapter 6, “Cluster and RAC Systems,” provides information on configuring any
required cluster or Real Application Cluster (RAC) systems.
Note: Detailed information on these steps is available from Oracle user documentation and
Oracle support services. Oracle support contact information is available at the Oracle website.
Attribute Description
Parallelism Specifies the maximum number of backup save streams that the NetWorker software allows
to arrive concurrently at the server. The NetWorker server edition determines the maximum
parallelism value. When multiple data streams are backed up simultaneously, the efficiency of
the storage devices is increased.
Administrator Specifies users with NetWorker Administrator privileges. The initial default setting of the
attribute is root@hostname on UNIX and Administrators@hostname on Windows, where
hostname is the NetWorker server hostname. “Specify the required NetWorker privileges” on
page 64 provides more information.
Datazone pass Specifies the key or pass phrase to use for AES encryption of Oracle data during an NMO
phrase backup. The pass phrase is required to restore the Oracle data from the backup.
“NSR_AES_ENCRYPTION” on page 201 provides more information.
The NetWorker server online help and the NetWorker administration guide provide
more information on how to configure a NetWorker Server resource and its
attributes.
Note: If the Oracle user is not granted the required NetWorker privileges in these cases, NMO
fails to remove the backup save set entries from the NetWorker index. However, RMAN might
remove the corresponding entries from the RMAN catalog, which would leave the NetWorker
index and RMAN catalog unsynchronized. To resynchronize the index and catalog, issue the
appropriate NetWorker media management command to manually remove the inconsistent
save set entries from the NetWorker index.
To enable NMO to remove an entry from the NetWorker index, ensure that the
Oracle user has the required NetWorker privileges. Verify that the required user
group privileges exist according to “NetWorker user group privileges” on page 64.
Note: The privileges associated with the Users group can be customized to fit the requirements
of the NetWorker users in the group. The privileges associated with the Administrators group
cannot be changed.
By default, the NetWorker server assigns the following privileges to all users:
◆ Monitor NetWorker
◆ Recover Local Data
◆ Backup Local Data
The default user group configurations are sufficient for RMAN backup, restore, and
crosscheck operations that use NMO. If the default user group configurations are
changed, ensure that the required privileges are assigned for the operations.
Verify that the required user group privileges exist for the NMO operations, as
described in Table 3 on page 65. The NetWorker administration guide provides
information on how to modify existing privileges.
Note: Proxy backups and restores require the same privileges as regular Oracle backups and
restores, plus the privileges required by the PowerSnap Module. The NetWorker PowerSnap
Module documentation provides more information on the required privileges.
Operation Operating system user that performs operation Required user group privileges
Migration of a legacy backup configuration with Root user, or a member of the Microsoft Windows Configure NetWorker
the nsrnmoadmin command Administrators group, on the Oracle Server
Regular manual Oracle backup Oracle user on the Oracle Server Recover Local Data, Backup Local Data
(These privileges are set by default)
Regular scheduled Oracle backup Oracle user on the Oracle Server Recover Local Data, Backup Local Data
(These privileges are set by default)
Root user, or a member of the Microsoft Windows Monitor NetWorker, Backup Local Data
Administrators group, on the Oracle Server (These privileges are set by default)
Regular Oracle restore Oracle user on the Oracle Server Recover Local Data
(This privilege is set by default)
RMAN crosscheck Oracle user on the Oracle Server Recover Local Data
(This privilege is set by default)
RMAN backup deletion Oracle user on the Oracle Server Operate NetWorker, and all its prerequisite
privileges
Restore of NWORA resource file backup to the Root user, or a member of the Microsoft Windows Recover Local Data
Oracle Server Administrators group, on the Oracle Server (This privilege is set by default)
Save set bundling Root user, or a member of the Microsoft Windows Operate NetWorker, and all its prerequisite
Administrators group, on the Oracle Server privileges
! IMPORTANT
If the correct user group privileges are not assigned, an Oracle backup or restore
fails with an error message that indicates the required user group privileges. The
NetWorker administration guide provides more information on NetWorker user
groups and setting user group privileges.
! IMPORTANT
For scheduled NMO backups, the NetWorker backup levels that appear in the
Schedule resource do not determine the NMO backup levels. The level of the
NMO backup must be specified as either full or incremental in the RMAN backup
script. The backup level is determined by the level in the RMAN script only.
You must configure a Schedule resource through the legacy method with NMC, as
described in “Configure a Schedule resource with NMC” on page 87.
Note: With NMO, the only valid pool types are backup and backup clone.
Note: If a customized volume pool is not specified for Oracle backup volumes, the NetWorker
server routes data for an Oracle backup to the appropriate volume pool.
Note: In the case of proxy backups, the parameter is used to specify the volume pool for live
backups only (backups to secondary storage only). The parameter cannot specify the snapshot
pool for instant backups. The only way to specify the snapshot pool is by configuring the
NetWorker resources, as described in “Configuring the NetWorker Pool resources” on
page 169.
Firewall support
The NMO software provides firewall support. The ports that the NMO software uses
for the firewall depend on the corresponding ports configured for the NetWorker
server.
To configure the firewall that the NMO software uses, follow the firewall
configuration instructions in the NetWorker administration guide for the particular
NetWorker server platform.
Note: Configuration of proxy backups or restores with the NMO wizard is not supported.
Wizard references in the following steps do not apply to the configuration of proxy operations.
The PowerSnap Module documentation provides details on the PowerSnap options that
support non-ASCII values.
SQL> shutdown;
SQL> startup;
SQL> quit;
3. If you do not configure a scheduled backup with the configuration wizard, set the
NLS_LANG parameter in the nsrnmo script to the same value as the environment
variable NLS_LANG.
For example, in a Japanese locale, set NLS_LANG in the nsrnmo script as follows:
NLS_LANG=JAPANESE_JAPAN.JA16EUC
Note: If you configure the scheduled backup with the configuration wizard, you can set
NLS_LANG on a wizard screen. The wizard autopopulates the NLS_LANG field if
NLS_LANG is set in the NWORA resource file.
Note: L10N support for proxy operations requires PowerSnap Module 2.4 SP2 or later.
To configure NMO L10N support, enable the locale by installing the appropriate
NMO language pack for the user locale on the NMO client host. Each supported
language has its own language pack.
The NetWorker Module for Oracle installation guide provides details on how to
install a supported NMO language pack on a UNIX or Windows system.
◆ The RMAN script on Microsoft Windows does not include non-ASCII characters.
◆ You have all of the NetWorker privileges needed to query and update the Client
resources on a NetWorker server, as described in Table 3 on page 65. The
NetWorker documentation provides information on the required user group
privileges.
◆ If you use the nsrnmoadmin command in interactive mode (without the -Y
option), you can provide the names of all the users that will use the wizard to
modify the configuration (after it has been migrated):
• When you use nsrnmoadmin in interactive mode (without the -Y option), you
are prompted by default for the names of all such users in ACL format
(user@hostname). If you do not provide the usernames when prompted, you
must add the usernames at a later time to the NetWorker Lockbock resource
for the client by using NMC to edit the resource. The NetWorker
administration guide provides details on editing the Lockbox resource in the
section on lockbox password management.
• When you use nsrnmoadmin in noninteractive mode (with the -Y option), the
migration does not prompt for any input. After the migration, you must add
the usernames to the NetWorker Lockbox resource for all the users that will
use the wizard to modify the configuration.
! IMPORTANT
If you migrate the backup configuration of a cluster virtual client, you must do one
of the following to enable scheduled backups of the client:
- During the migration, when nsrnmoadmin prompts for names of wizard users to
add to the Lockbox resource, specify the name system@physical_hostname
(Windows) or root@physical_hostname (UNIX).
- After the migration, use NMC to edit the Lockbox resource for the cluster virtual
client, and add the name system@physical_hostname (Windows) or
root@physical_hostname (UNIX) to the resource.
Option Description
-M Specifies the migrate option. The nsrnmoadmin program performs the following:
1. Queries the NetWorker server resource database to locate all of the Client resources that match the values specified by the
-c, -g, -N, and -s options.
2. Migrates each legacy configuration (the nsrnmo script, RMAN script, NWORA resource file, Client resource) to the
configuration format that is supported by the new NMO wizard.
Note: The nsrnmoadmin program can only migrate a configuration that physically resides on the host where the nsrnmoadmin
command is typed. To migrate the Client resources for different physical hosts, you must run the nsrnmoadmin program on
each physical host, or write a script to automate the process.
-P Specifies the probe option. The nsrnmoadmin program performs a probe to query the NetWorker server resource database and
locate all of the Client resources that match the values specified by the -c, -g, -N, and -s options, and prints the results to
standard output. The program does not actually migrate any legacy configurations.
Note: The nsrnmoadmin program can only probe configurations that physically reside on the host where the nsrnmoadmin
command is typed. To probe the Client resources created for different physical hosts, you must run the nsrnmoadmin program
on each physical host.
-c client_name Optional. Specifies the hostname of the NetWorker client to be configured. Typically, this option specifies a virtual client in a
cluster. The default value is the hostname of the local physical client.
-g group_name Optional. Specifies the name of the NetWorker group for the query operation. If this option is not specified, then a group name is
not included in the criteria for the query of the server resource database.
-N save_set_name Optional. Specifies the value set in the Save Set attribute of the Client resource. If this option is not specified, then a save set
name is not included in the criteria for the query of the server resource database.
-s server_name Mandatory. Specifies the hostname of the NetWorker server that backs up the client being configured.
-Y Optional. Specifies non-interactive mode, which causes the nsrnmoadmin program to proceed with a migration without
prompting for confirmation. If this option is not specified, the nsrnmoadmin program displays all of the fields to be updated in the
Client resource and requests confirmation to proceed with the migration.
! IMPORTANT
When you use the wizard to configure a cluster virtual client, the wizard attempts
to perform all of the additional settings required for the cluster environment,
including the following:
- Creating the required Client resources.
- Adding the required ACL entries to the Lockbox resource, for the physical hosts
provided in the Remote Access field on the NetWorker Client Properties screen of
the wizard.
- Setting the NSR_CLIENT parameter.
- Adding the -c virtual_clientname option to the Backup Command attribute in the
Client resource of the virtual client.
In the Client resource of the virtual client, ensure that the Remote Access attribute
is set with user@physical_hostname for each of the physical hosts of the cluster;
otherwise, the backup might fail.
The following RMAN script is for a manual backup of an entire Oracle database to
the volume pool MondayFulls of the (remote) NetWorker server mars.emc.com:
run {
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
allocate channel t2 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
send ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_SERVER=mars.emc.com,
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL=MondayFulls)’;
backup full filesperset 4 format ’FULL_%d_%U’ (database);
! IMPORTANT
If a backup piece name is not unique, the Oracle backup fails.
During a manual backup, the prefix RMAN: automatically precedes the backup piece
name in the NetWorker media database. For example, if the backup piece name
specified in the RMAN script is accounts_data_file, the manual backup records the
save set name as RMAN:accounts_data_file in the media database. The mminfo
command displays the save set name in this form.
The following sources provide more information:
◆ The appropriate Oracle backup and recovery documentation provides
information on how to write RMAN scripts.
◆ The Oracle Enterprise Manager documentation provides information on how to
use the Oracle Enterprise Manager Backup Wizard to generate RMAN scripts.
◆ Appendix B, “RMAN Commands,” provides important information on RMAN
commands.
◆ “Regular backup information in NetWorker indexes” on page 114 describes the
information stored for a manual backup in the NetWorker indexes.
The following RMAN script performs a nonproxy backup of the Oracle database to
the NetWorker server mars.emc.com by using 256-bit AES encryption, as specified by
the NSR_AES_ENCRYPTION parameter setting:
run {
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
send ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_SERVER=mars.emc.com, NSR_AES_ENCRYPTION=TRUE)’;
backup full filesperset 4 format ’FULL_%d_%U’ (database);
release channel t1;
}
The AES encryption uses the key or pass phrase that is set in the Datazone pass
phrase attribute of the NetWorker Server resource. “NSR_AES_ENCRYPTION” on
page 201 provides more information.
! IMPORTANT
Keep a record of all pass phrases used for 256-bit AES encryption. Be careful when
you change the pass phrase on the NetWorker server. If the pass phrase on the
server is changed and you cannot remember the pass phrase used for an NMO
backup, the encrypted data cannot be recovered. The NetWorker administration
guide provides more information on pass phrases.
Example 17 on page 122 shows a sample Oracle restore of an AES encrypted backup,
with the NSR_ENCRYPTION_PHRASES parameter that specifies the original pass
phrase that was used for the backup.
! IMPORTANT
For scheduled backups (both regular and proxy backups), do not include send as
part of the allocate channel command. The send command must be separate.
For example, NMO does not support the following for scheduled backups:
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’ send
’NSR_ENV=(NSR_SERVER=mars.emc.com)’;
The following is the correct form of the commands:
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
send channel t1 ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_SERVER=mars.emc.com)’;
With automatic channel allocation, specifying the send command before the backup
or restore command causes the following error:
RMAN-06422: no channels found for SEND command
“Automatic channel allocation” on page 26 provides information on automatic
channel allocation.
The following RMAN script is for a scheduled backup of an entire Oracle database to
the volume pool MondayFulls. The Recovery Catalog is used in this case:
connect target target_user/target_passwd@target_Netservicename;
connect rcvcat rcvcat_user/rcvcat_passwd@rcvcat_Netservicename;
run {
set command id to ’xxx’;
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
allocate channel t2 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
send ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL=MondayFulls)’;
backup full filesperset 4
format ’FULL_%d_%U’
(database);
release channel t1;
release channel t2;
}
If automatic channel allocation and persistent settings are used, a scheduled RMAN
backup script must still be created and contain the following commands:
◆ connect target
◆ connect rcvcat (if using a Recovery Catalog)
◆ backup
! IMPORTANT
Do not set the parameters NSR_SERVER or NSR_GROUP in a scheduled RMAN
backup script. NMO sets these two parameters to the values specified in the Client
resource for the scheduled Oracle backup, and these values cannot be overridden.
To have the scheduled backup automatically use a volume pool, the backup group
can be specified in the Pool resource. The scheduled backup uses that pool unless the
parameter NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL is set in the RMAN script. Then that
parameter’s setting takes precedence over any pool associated with the scheduled
backup group.
If NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL is set in the RMAN script to a pool different from
the one associated with the backup group, the scheduled backup uses the
Note: On Windows, save a copy of the original nsrnmo.bat file before modifying it.
“Editing the nsrnmo.bat file on Windows 2008 or Windows Vista” on page 80 provides
specific requirements for Windows 2008 and Windows Vista systems.
Multiple versions of the nsrnmo script can be created (for example, one for each
Oracle instance) on the same Oracle Server host. Each version of the script must have
a unique name, starting with the letters nsr or save. On Windows, the name must also
end in .bat or .cmd.
The nsrnmo script contains only the parameters required on the particular system
where the script is installed. The following parameters appear in the nsrnmo script
on specific UNIX systems only:
◆ LD_LIBRARY_PATH appears in the script on:
• HP-UX (64-bit Itanium)
• Linux
• Solaris
◆ LIBPATH appears in the script on AIX.
◆ SHLIB_PATH appears in the script on HP-UX (32-bit and 64-bit PA-RISC).
Follow the instructions in the Oracle installation guide to determine which of the
parameters (LD_LIBRARY_PATH, LIBPATH, SHLIB_PATH) to set on a particular
operating system and to what value.
The ORACLE_HOME parameter is mandatory for each scheduled backup, and must
be set in the nsrnmo script. The other parameters in the nsrnmo script are optional,
and can be left undefined in the script, if preferred.
Note: For other parameters to be in effect during a scheduled backup, lines must be added in
the nsrnmo script to define and export the parameters. The use of either the UNIX setenv
command or Windows set command to set the parameters has no effect.
The following sections describe the parameters that can be set in the nsrnmo script
for scheduled backups. The comments in the nsrnmo script file provide details on the
parameters:
◆ “ORACLE_HOME” on page 81
◆ “LD_LIBRARY_PATH” on page 82
◆ “LIBPATH” on page 82
◆ “SHLIB_PATH” on page 82
◆ “NSR_RMAN_ARGUMENTS” on page 82
◆ “NSR_SB_DEBUG_FILE” on page 83
◆ “ORACLE_SID” on page 83
◆ “ORACLE_USER” on page 83
◆ “PRECMD” on page 84
◆ “POSTCMD” on page 85
◆ “TNS_ADMIN” on page 86
ORACLE_HOME
This parameter is mandatory for each scheduled backup. Set ORACLE_HOME in the
nsrnmo script file to the home directory of the Oracle Server installation. The RMAN
executable, rman, must be located in the subdirectory bin of $ORACLE_HOME.
For example, if the Oracle Server installation is located in the directory
/disk3/oracle/app/oracle/product/10.0, ORACLE_HOME must be set in the
nsrnmo script as follows:
ORACLE_HOME=/disk3/oracle/app/oracle/product/10.0
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
This parameter is optional for a scheduled backup. Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH in the
nsrnmo script file to the pathname of the directory that contains the Oracle libraries,
typically $ORACLE_HOME/lib or $ORACLE_HOME/lib64.
For example, if the Oracle libraries are located in the directory
/disk3/oracle/app/oracle/product/10.0/lib, set LD_LIBRARY_PATH in the
nsrnmo script as follows:
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/disk3/oracle/app/oracle/product/10.0/lib
Uncomment the line “export LD_LIBRARY_PATH” (by removing the # symbol at the
start of the line) under the “export_environment variables()” function heading in the
nsrnmo script:
export_environment_variables()
{
export ORACLE_HOME
export NSR_RMAN_ARGUMENTS
:
:
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
}
LIBPATH
This parameter is optional for a scheduled backup. It appears in the nsrnmo script on
AIX only. Set LIBPATH in the nsrnmo script file to the pathname of the directory that
contains the Oracle libraries, typically $ORACLE_HOME/lib.
To set LIBPATH in the nsrnmo script, follow the example shown in
“LD_LIBRARY_PATH” on page 82. Replace LD_LIBRARY_PATH with LIBPATH.
Uncomment the line “export LIBPATH” in the script.
SHLIB_PATH
This parameter is optional for a scheduled backup. It appears in the nsrnmo script on
HP-UX only. Set SHLIB_PATH in the nsrnmo script file to the pathname of the
directory that contains the Oracle libraries, typically $ORACLE_HOME/lib.
To set SHLIB_PATH in the nsrnmo script, follow the example shown in
“LD_LIBRARY_PATH” on page 82. Replace LD_LIBRARY_PATH with
SHLIB_PATH. Uncomment the line “export SHLIB_PATH” in the script.
NSR_RMAN_ARGUMENTS
This parameter is optional for a scheduled backup. Set NSR_RMAN_ARGUMENTS to
a double-quoted string that contains any valid combination of options for the RMAN
executable, rman. The appropriate Oracle Recovery Manager documentation
provides details on the valid options.
For example, to append RMAN output to the message log file
/nsr/applogs/msglog.log, set NSR_RMAN_ARGUMENTS in the nsrnmo script as
follows:
NSR_RMAN_ARGUMENTS="msglog ’/nsr/applogs/msglog.log’ append"
To append RMAN output to the message log file /nsr/applogs/msglog.log if a
Recovery Catalog is not used, set NSR_RMAN_ARGUMENTS in the nsrnmo script
as follows:
NSR_RMAN_ARGUMENTS="nocatalog msglog ’/nsr/applogs/msglog.log’ append"
NSR_SB_DEBUG_FILE
This parameter is optional for a scheduled backup. It is used only for debugging
purposes.
Enable debugging by setting NSR_SB_DEBUG_FILE to the complete pathname of a
file to receive detailed debug information for the scheduled backup. This file will
exclude MML-specific debug information, which is directed to NSR_DEBUG_FILE (if
set in the RMAN script).
For example, to send detailed debug information for the scheduled backup to the
/usr/logs/schedbkup.log file, set the parameter NSR_SB_DEBUG_FILE in the
nsrnmo script as follows:
NSR_SB_DEBUG_FILE=/usr/logs/schedbkup.log
“NMO error messages” on page 222 provides more information on how the debug
information is written if the parameter NSR_SB_DEBUG_FILE is set to an invalid
pathname.
ORACLE_SID
This parameter is required for a scheduled backup in the following cases:
◆ The connect target and connect rcvcat commands for the scheduled backup are
stored in a separate file, and the connect commands are invoked in the RMAN
script by using the @ command.
◆ Save set bundling is enabled for the scheduled backup.
◆ A proxy backup is performed with catalog synchronization enabled. Chapter 7,
“Proxy Backups and Restores,” provides more information on proxy backups and
catalog synchronization.
Set ORACLE_SID in the nsrnmo script file to the system identifier (SID) value of the
Oracle database to be backed up. For example, if catalog synchronization is enabled
for proxy backups and the SID of the Oracle database to be backed up is orcl10,
ORACLE_SID must be set as follows:
ORACLE_SID=orcl10
ORACLE_USER
This parameter is optional for a scheduled backup configured through the legacy
method (without the wizard) on UNIX only.
Enable the scheduled backup for operating system authentication by setting
ORACLE_USER to the username of the Oracle operating system user, which is set up
to connect to the Oracle database through operating system authentication.
PRECMD
This parameter is optional. Set PRECMD to the complete pathname of a file containing
a preprocessing script to be executed before the RMAN backup script.
Note: The pathname value of PRECMD must not contain any spaces. For example, instead of
setting PRECMD to C:\Program Files\Legato\nsr\precmd.bat, set the parameter to
C:\Progra~1\Legato\nsr\precmd.bat.
If the pre-command script fails (returns a nonzero value), the scheduled Oracle
backup does not proceed (that is, the RMAN script is not executed).
! IMPORTANT
The script file must have permissions that allow execution by the root user, as the
scheduled Oracle backup is always launched by root. The script should return a
zero value when it succeeds and a nonzero value when it fails. The return of a
nonzero value will cause the scheduled backup to fail.
A sample preprocessing script for UNIX is shown as follows. This script is stored in
the file whose complete pathname is specified in the parameter PRECMD in the
nsrnmo script.
For example, if the script is stored in the /usr/scripts/orashutdown file, set the
parameter PRECMD as follows:
PRECMD=/usr/scripts/orashutdown
This sample script shuts down the Oracle database, presumably for an offline
database backup. The su command is required in the script since the nsrnmo script
runs as root user:
#!/bin/ksh
# Define Site Specifics Here
TARGET_DATABASE=proddb
ERRFILE=/tmp/precmd.log
ORACLE_USER=proddb
#
# Scheduled backup launches as "root" run PRECMD as oracle user
su - $ORACLE_USER -c "{
# Shutdown target database and start in maintenace mode
export ORACLE_SID=$TARGET_DATABASE
svrmgrl <<EOF1 > $ERRFILE
connect internal
shutdown
startup mount
exit
EOF1
}"
# Do checking as root since "su" will always return its status
export status
# Define status otherwise it is local to if [] statement
status=0
# Scan file for errors and only return true or false
grep -e error -e warning -e fatal $ERRFILE > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
status=1
else
status=0
fi
exit $status
POSTCMD
This parameter is optional. Set POSTCMD to the complete pathname of a file that
contains a postprocessing script to be executed after the RMAN backup script.
Note: The pathname value of POSTCMD must not contain any spaces. For example, instead of
setting POSTCMD to C:\Program Files\Legato\nsr\postcmd.bat, set the parameter to
C:\Progra~1\Legato\nsr\postcmd.bat.
If the RMAN backup script fails, the failure is reported, and the postprocessing script
is executed nevertheless. If the postprocessing script fails, an error message is
reported.
! IMPORTANT
The script file must have permissions allowing execution by the root user, as the
scheduled Oracle backup is always launched by root. The script should return a
zero value when it succeeds and a nonzero value when it fails.
A sample postprocessing script for UNIX is shown as follows. This script is stored in
the file whose complete pathname is specified in the parameter POSTCMD in the
nsrnmo script.
For example, if the script is stored in the /usr/scripts/orastartup file, set the
parameter POSTCMD as follows:
POSTCMD=/usr/scripts/orastartup
This sample script starts up the Oracle database, presumably after an offline backup.
The su command is required in the script since the nsrnmo script runs as root user:
#!/bin/ksh
# Define Site Specifics Here
TARGET_DATABASE=proddb
ERRFILE=/tmp/postcmd.log
ORACLE_USER=proddb
#
# Scheduled backup launches as "root" run POSTCMD as user proddb
su - $ORACLE_USER -c "{
# Mount target database as ready for use
export ORACLE_SID=$TARGET_DATABASE
svrmgrl <<EOF > $ERRFILE
connect internal
alter database open;
exit
EOF
}"
# Do checking as root since "su" will always return its status
export status
# Define status otherwise it is local to if [] statement
status=0
# Scan file for errors and only return true or false
grep -e ORA- -e error -e warning -e fatal $ERRFILE > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
status=1
else
status=0
fi
exit $status
TNS_ADMIN
This parameter is mandatory if the Oracle Net configuration files are located in a
directory other than the default $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin directory.
In this case, set the value of TNS_ADMIN to the pathname of the directory that
contains the Oracle Net configuration files. To set TNS_ADMIN in the nsrnmo script,
follow the example shown in “LD_LIBRARY_PATH” on page 82. Replace
LD_LIBRARY_PATH with TNS_ADMIN. Uncomment the line “export
TNS_ADMIN” in the script.
Note: As an alternative, you can use the backup configuration wizard to configure the Group
resource, as described in “Configuring a backup with the NMC wizard” on page 72.
“Configuring a probe-based backup” on page 97 provides details on configuration
requirements for a probe-based backup.
For a scheduled NMO backup, a NetWorker Group resource must be configured that
specifies the attributes of the backup group. The Group resource specifies a set of
NetWorker Client resources that all start to back up data at a specified time, once the
following occurs:
◆ The Autostart attribute is enabled.
◆ The backup start time is specified in the Group resource.
By configuring one or more NetWorker backup groups for scheduled backups, the
backups can be:
◆ Distributed to alleviate network traffic.
◆ Scheduled for a time of day when performance demands on the database and
NetWorker server are lower.
One or more Client resources configured for the Oracle Server host can be assigned to
a NetWorker backup group.
All NetWorker backup groups can be created and modified. All backup groups except
the Default group can be deleted.
To use the Default group for testing scheduled backups, change its Autostart
attribute to Enabled.
Note: To have a regular scheduled backup automatically use a volume pool associated with the
backup group, specify the group name in the Pool resource for the volume pool.
! IMPORTANT
For a regular scheduled Oracle backup, the Snapshot attribute in the Group
resource must be set to False.
You can create a NetWorker Group resource with the NMC interface. The NetWorker
administration guide and NMC online help provide more information.
Note: As an alternative, you can use the backup configuration wizard to configure the Client
resource, as described in “Configuring a backup with the NMC wizard” on page 72.
“Configuring a probe-based backup” on page 97 provides details on configuration
requirements for a probe-based backup.
A NetWorker Client resource is a set of attributes assigned to the NMO client host
and stored on the NetWorker server. Before NMO software can be used for backups
or restores, a Client resource must be configured for the NMO client host.
If the NetWorker server software is installed on the NMO client host, a basic Client
resource for the NMO client is created automatically during the NetWorker
installation. The Client resource must be customized for an NMO backup.
“NetWorker indexes and policies used for restores” on page 118 provides more
information on how the NetWorker server uses the browse and retention policies to
manage Oracle backup data and enable the data to be restored.
“Configuring the NetWorker Client resource” on page 170 provides information on
how to configure the Client resource for proxy backups.
To configure the Client resource for a regular scheduled backup by using the NMC
interface, specify the required values for each attribute, according to Table 5 on
page 88.
Leave the following attributes blank:
◆ Directive
◆ Archive Users
◆ Remote User
◆ Password
Note: On a Solaris system with Solaris zones, ensure that the security fields (such as Remote
Access and Privileges) of NetWorker resources used during NMO backups and restores refer
to the hostname of the zone in which NMO operates.
Each Oracle installation requires a separate Client resource. The Backup Command
attribute of the Client resource must contain only one nsrnmo script name, and
ORACLE_HOME is a mandatory parameter in each nsrnmo script.
If multiple RMAN scripts are specified for the Save Set attribute of the Client
resource:
◆ The RMAN scripts are executed in arbitrary order, possibly in parallel.
◆ If the nsrnmo script also contains a well-defined setting for PRECMD or
POSTCMD, the precommand and postcommand files will be:
• Common for all the RMAN scripts
• Executed once for each RMAN script
The sequence of execution of “precommand–RMAN script–postcommand” triplets is
arbitrary. To include preprocessing and postprocessing with the backups of the
various Oracle database instances of an Oracle installation, define a separate
NetWorker Client resource for each Oracle instance.
Note: If a scheduled Oracle backup is retried, the specified precommand and postcommand
will be executed again for that backup.
Figure 6 on page 90 shows a sample Client resource for a UNIX NMO client.
Figure 7 on page 91 shows a sample Client resource for a Windows NMO client.
Attribute Description
Backup Command For a scheduled backup configured through the legacy method with NMC (not through the wizard), specifies the name of a
single customized nsrnmo script to use for the backup.
For example, the nsrnmo script name might be nsrnmo or nsrnmo2 on UNIX, or nsrnmo.bat or nsrnmo2.bat on Windows.
On a Solaris system with Solaris zones where NMO is installed on sparse root zones, the Backup Command attribute in the
Client resource for each sparse root zone must contain the unique nsrnmo filename for that zone.
Note: If you configure a scheduled backup through the configuration wizard, the wizard automatically adds the nsrnmostart
program name to this attribute. In that case, do not modify this attribute.
Browse Policy Specifies the length of time that the NetWorker server retains an entry for an Oracle backup in the online client file index. This
attribute applies only to scheduled backups.
Note: For a scheduled backup, if the parameter NSR_SAVESET_BROWSE is set as described in Appendix A, “Parameters
in an RMAN Session,” its value overrides the Browse Policy attribute setting in the Client resource.
To set a specific browse policy for a manual backup, use the parameter NSR_SAVESET_BROWSE. If the parameter is not
set, the NetWorker server uses the most appropriate value for the browse policy.
Group Specifies the NetWorker backup group to use for a scheduled backup. “Configure a Group resource with NMC” on page 86
provides more information on NetWorker backup groups.
Attribute Description
Remote Access Specifies the fully qualified hostname of a remote system, to enable restores of the backups to that remote system.
On a Solaris system with Solaris zones, the Remote Access attribute must contain the hostname of the zone in which NMO
operates.
Note: If backups from a cluster, or recovery to a host other than the one being backed up, are not required, do not modify the
Remote Access attribute.
Retention Policy Specifies the minimum length of time that the NetWorker server maintains information about Oracle backup data in the online
media database. This attribute applies only to scheduled backups.
Note: For a scheduled backup, if the parameter NSR_SAVESET_RETENTION is set as described in Appendix A,
“Parameters in an RMAN Session,” its value overrides the Retention Policy attribute setting in the Client resource.
To set a specific retention policy for a manual backup, use the parameter NSR_SAVESET_RETENTION. If the parameter is
not set, the NetWorker server uses the most appropriate value for the retention policy.
Save Set Specifies the complete pathname of each RMAN script to be used for a scheduled backup, preceded by RMAN:. Do not
include any spaces between the prefix RMAN: and the script name. On Windows, the pathname can include forward slashes,
for example, RMAN:F:/scripts/incr_1_bkup.
For example, if two separate RMAN backup scripts are created in the files /disk/rman_scripts/archlogbkup and
/disk/rman_scripts/fullbkup (to be run by the nsrnmo script in the Backup Command attribute), specify the complete file
pathnames prepended by RMAN: in the Save Set attribute:
RMAN:/disk/rman_scripts/archlogbkup
RMAN:/disk/rman_scripts/fullbkup
Note: If you configure a scheduled backup through the configuration wizard, the wizard automatically includes the prefix
RMAN: in the Save Set attribute setting, as described in “Backup configuration storage with the wizard” on page 31.
The save set information for the scheduled backup is stored in the NetWorker indexes as described in:
• “Regular backup information in NetWorker indexes” on page 114
• “Deduplication backup information in NetWorker indexes” on page 115
Schedule Specifies the NetWorker backup schedule to use for a scheduled backup. “Configure a Schedule resource with NMC” on
page 87 provides more information on NetWorker backup schedules.
Note: A deduplication NMO backup that runs during such a maintenance mode period
may be suspended until the Avamar server resources become available.
◆ Ensure that the same cache is used to back up the same data every time by not
changing the values of the parameters NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_ENABLED and
NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_TAG. The following sources provide more details:
• “NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_ENABLED” on page 203
• “NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_TAG” on page 204
◆ Associate the backup of specific tablespaces with a specific channel to ensure that
Oracle does not distribute the data to a different channel when the database
structure or size changes.
For example, the following RMAN backup script shows how to associate
tablespaces with a channel:
run {
allocate channel c1 type 'SBT_TAPE';
send channel c1 'NSR_ENV=(NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_TAG=orcl102_c1)';
allocate channel c2 type 'SBT_TAPE';
send channel c2 'NSR_ENV=(NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_TAG=orcl102_c2)';
send 'NSR_ENV=(NSR_DEDUP_BACKUP=TRUE,
NSR_DEDUP_NODE=avamar.emc.com)';
backup filesperset=1
(tablespace tbs1, tbs5 channel c1)
(tablespace tbs2, tbs3, tbs4 channel c2);
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
}
◆ Group tablespaces that contain similar (duplicated) data and associate them with
the same channel. This practice requires familiarity with the database data. A
tablespace must also be added to the backup script when a new tablespace is
created.
Avamar and NetWorker documentation provides more information on Avamar
server and NetWorker requirements for deduplication backups.
Note: You must configure a manual deduplication backup with the legacy method only.
However, you can generate the base RMAN script for a manual backup with the configuration
wizard, described in “Configuring a backup with the NMC wizard” on page 72.
◆ To use the configuration wizard (for a scheduled backup only), follow the
instructions in “Configuring a backup with the NMC wizard” on page 72.
On the Specify the De-duplication Options screen, apply these additional
settings:
• Select to enable deduplication.
• Specify the hostname of the deduplication node (Avamar server) that will
store the deduplicated backup data.
When you select to enable deduplication, the wizard automatically sets the
parameter NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_TAG for each channel.
◆ To use the legacy configuration method (without the wizard), follow the
instructions in “Configuring a backup with the NMC legacy method” on page 75.
Note: For a manual deduplication backup, the Client resource needs to include only the
two attribute settings in step a on page 96.
Note: For a manual deduplication backup, the De-duplication Node attribute must
have the same value as the NSR_DEDUP_NODE setting in the RMAN script.
The following RMAN script shows the mandatory parameter settings for a manual
deduplication backup. The NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_TAG parameter must be set to a
different value for each allocated channel:
run {
allocate channel ch1 type 'SBT_TAPE';
allocate channel ch2 type 'SBT_TAPE’';
send 'NSR_ENV=(NSR_SERVER=mars.emc.com, NSR_CLIENT=oracle.emc.com,
NSR_DEDUP_BACKUP=TRUE, NSR_DEDUP_NODE=node3.emc.com)';
send channel ch1 'NSR_ENV=(NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_TAG=ora11_ch1)';
send channel ch2 'NSR_ENV=(NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_TAG=ora11_ch2)';
backup full filesperset 4 format 'FULL_%d_%U' (database);
release channel ch1;
release channel ch2;
}
Attribute Description
Name Name of the Probe resource for the probe script/program used to check for a probe-based backup condition. Each Probe
resource must have a unique name, which does not have to be the same as the probe script/program name.
Probe Command Name and path of the probe script/program that checks (“probes”) for the condition that triggers a probe-based backup. The
script/program meets the following requirements:
• Name starts with nsr or save.
• Location is the same directory as used for the NetWorker client binaries.
• Permissions of the script/program file include the “execute” permission.
• Returns one of the following code values when it finishes running its probe:
- 0 — Signifies that the backup condition has been met.
- 1 — Signifies that the backup condition has not been met.
- Other than 0 or 1 - Signifies that an error occurred during the probe.
To use the probe program that is included with the NMO software, set this attribute to nsrnmoprobe. The nsrnmoprobe
program checks for the number of Oracle logs generated since the last probe-based backup and triggers a new probe-based
backup when the number exceeds the change threshold.
Command Options Required for the nsrnmoprobe program only, a comma-separated list of the settings of one or more of the following
parameters. Example 14 on page 99 outlines the parameter settings that nsrnmoprobe requires in each possible scenario.
Parameter Description
LOG_THRESHOLD Mandatory. Specifies the change threshold, which is the minimum number of redo logs
(generated since the last probe-based backup) required to trigger a new probe-based
backup. When the number of logs generated since the last probe-based backup equals
or exceeds the change threshold, nsrnmoprobe triggers a probe-based backup.
NSR_DEBUG_FILE Optional. Specifies the pathname of the log file that receives debug information from
the probe-based backup triggered by nsrnmoprobe.
Note: The State attribute of the Probe resource is visible only in diagnostic mode. At the
end of each successful probe-based backup, the nsrnmoprobe program stores the current
log sequence number and database instance number in the State attribute. The State
attribute is not used with user-defined probes.
2. Configure the NetWorker Group resource for a probe-enabled backup group. Set
the probe-specific attributes in the Group resource, as described in the NetWorker
administration guide (the section on creating and scheduling a probe group). The
Group resource has been extended to include several new attributes that must be
set for a probe-based backup group.
When probing is enabled through the Group resource attributes, probing occurs
continuously throughout the backup window, which is the time window defined
by the Probe Start Time and Probe End Time attributes.
3. Configure the NetWorker Client resource for the NMO client according to the
instructions in the appropriate section:
• “Configuring a backup with the NMC wizard” on page 72
• “Configure a Client resource with NMC” on page 87
In the Client resource:
• For the Probe attribute, specify the name of the required Probe resource from
step 1. This attribute associates the Client resource with the probe
script/program specified in the Probe resource.
• For the Group attribute, specify the probe-enabled group from step 2.
Note: A probe-based backup group must include at least one probe-enabled client.
To use the nsrnmoprobe program that is provided with the NMO software, the Probe
resource must be set up properly, as described in “Configure a probe-based backup”
on page 97.
The Command Options attribute in the Probe resource must include specific
parameter settings, which depend on the particular scenario:
◆ The LOG_THRESHOLD parameter is always mandatory.
◆ The NSR_DEBUG_FILE parameter is optional.
◆ Three possible scenarios dictate the required settings in the Command Options
attribute:
a. The Client resource has been configured through the legacy method with
NMC (not with the wizard), and the NWORA resource file has not been set up
with the Oracle home and database connection information.
In this case, Command Options must include the parameters
LOG_THRESHOLD, NSR_ORACLE_CONNECT_FILE, and
ORACLE_HOME. (NSR_DEBUG_FILE is optional.)
For example, Command Options is set as follows:
LOG_THRESHOLD=10, NSR_DEBUG_FILE=/tmp/probe.log,
NSR_ORACLE_CONNECT_FILE=/RMAN/rmanpw,
ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/hp_11_31_ia/64bit/product/11.1.0.6.0
b. The Client resource has been configured with the wizard, and the NWORA
resource file has not been set up with the Oracle home and database
connection information.
In this case, Command Options must include the LOG_THRESHOLD
parameter. (NSR_DEBUG_FILE is optional.)
For example, Command Options is set as follows:
LOG_THRESHOLD=10, NSR_DEBUG_FILE=/tmp/probe.log
c. The Client resource has been configured through the legacy method with
NMC (without the wizard), and the NWORA resource file is set up to retrieve
Oracle home and database connection information.
In this case, the NWORA resource file must be set up through the command
nsrnmoadmin –r add sid=Net_service_name home=Oracle_home
connect=connect_filepath. Command Options must include the parameters
LOG_THRESHOLD and ORACLE_SERVICE, where ORACLE_SERVICE is set
to the same Net service name as NSR_ORACLE_SID in the NWORA file.
(NSR_DEBUG_FILE is optional.)
“Configuring the NWORA resource file with the nsrnmoadmin program” on
page 188 provides important details on the nsrnmoadmin command.
For example, Command Options is set as follows:
LOG_THRESHOLD=10, NSR_DEBUG_FILE=/tmp/probe.log,
ORACLE_SERVICE=proddb.world
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The nsrnmoprobe program is installed with the NMO software in /usr/sbin on the
NMO client. The nsrnmoprobe program checks for the number of Oracle log files
generated on the NMO client.
A script named nsrjukeboxprobe is created with “execute” permissions and stored in
the /usr/sbin directory on the storage node. The script checks for the number of idle
tape drives in the jukebox, and returns either of two values:
◆ 0 — Signifies that more than two tape drives are idle in the jukebox.
◆ 1 — Signifies that two or fewer tape drives are idle in the jukebox.
To configure the probe-based backup, the following steps are performed:
1. A Probe resource is created for the nsrnmoprobe program with the following
attribute settings:
• Name — NMO probe
• Probe Command — nsrnmoprobe
• Command Options — LOG_THRESHOLD=25,
NSR_DEBUG_FILE=/tmp/probe.log
2. A Probe resource is created for the user-defined probe with the following
attribute settings:
• Name — Jukebox probe
• Probe Command — nsrjukeboxprobe
3. A Group resource is created with the required attribute settings for the
probe-enabled backup group, including the following:
• Name — probe_group
• Probe Based Backup — Enabled (this is a checkbox in NMC)
• Probe Success Criteria — All
4. A Client resource is created for the NMO client through the configuration wizard.
The Client resource includes the following attribute settings:
• Name — mars
• Backup Command — nsrnmostart -C
• Group — probe_group
• Probe — NMO probe
• Save Set — RMAN:/orcl102_FULL
5. A Schedule resource is created with the following attribute settings:
• Name — SkipAll
• Period — Either Week or Month
• Calendar — Skip level is selected for every day in the period
6. A “dummy” Client resource is created for the storage node through the legacy
method (without the wizard). The Client resource includes the following attribute
settings:
• Name — marmaris
• Backup Command — (blank)
• Group — probe_group
Note: The Skip level in the SkipAll schedule causes the backup to be skipped on the
storage node. The probe runs on the storage node as specified through the Group
resource; the probe is not affected by the Schedule resource.
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Backup Procedures
! IMPORTANT
The NetWorker server bootstrap and client indexes are not automatically backed
up at the end of a manual Oracle backup, as they are for a scheduled Oracle
backup. After running a manual Oracle backup, perform a NetWorker server
bootstrap backup according to “NetWorker server bootstrap backup” on page 106.
Regular NetWorker server bootstrap backups help to ensure adequate preparation
for disaster recovery.
“Monitor a manual backup” on page 108 provides information on how to monitor the
status of a manual NMO backup.
“Scheduled backup procedures” on page 110 provides information on scheduled
NMO backups.
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! IMPORTANT
The NetWorker server bootstrap and client indexes are not automatically backed
up at the end of a manual Oracle backup, as they are for a scheduled Oracle
backup. After running a manual Oracle backup, perform a NetWorker server
bootstrap backup according to “NetWorker server bootstrap backup” on page 106.
Regular NetWorker server bootstrap backups help to ensure adequate preparation
for disaster recovery.
! IMPORTANT
After the completion of an NMO backup or restore, the Oracle Enterprise Manager
job queue history displays the status of the job as “failed”, even if the backup or
restore completed successfully. This is due to a known problem with Oracle
Enterprise Manager. View the job output to confirm that the backup or restore
completed successfully.
The Oracle Enterprise Manager documentation included with the product kit
provides more information on using the Oracle Enterprise Manager Backup
Management Tools.
Note: If only manual (unscheduled) Oracle backups are run, and the client index and bootstrap
are not backed up manually, then no backups of the online client index and NetWorker server
bootstrap will be available for use in the event of a disaster recovery on the NetWorker server.
After finishing a manual Oracle backup, the bootstrap and client index must also be
backed up.
Note: Store the bootstrap printout in a safe place. The printed bootstrap information includes
dates, locations, and save set ID numbers for the bootstrap save sets backed up during the past
month. With this information, determine which volumes are needed to recover the NetWorker
indexes and resource configuration files during a disaster recovery.
The following sources provide information on the savegrp command and options:
◆ NetWorker administration guide for the particular NetWorker server platform
◆ savegrp entry in the NetWorker command reference guide
◆ savegrp man page on UNIX
The NetWorker administration guide provides information on bootstrap backups.
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The NetWorker disaster recovery guide provides information on how to use the
bootstrap backup during a disaster recovery.
Note: If this method of canceling a manual Oracle backup is not successful, use the alter
system kill command described in “Cancel a scheduled backup” on page 111.
Note: When using these steps, NMO does not attempt to remove the backup save set entries
from the NetWorker index. As a result, the NetWorker index and RMAN catalog might
become unsynchronized.
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Note: “Cancel a scheduled backup” on page 111 provides information on how to cancel the
scheduled Oracle backup.
Note: Although the progress message might indicate that the backup has exited
prematurely (before finishing), the NMO processes might still be running on the Oracle
Server host.
To cancel a running scheduled Oracle backup when the Stop button does not work,
the running rman process must be interrupted on the Oracle Server host:
1. In the NetWorker Administrator program, click the Stop button to prevent NMO
from retrying the backup.
2. For each allocated channel, perform the following:
a. View the RMAN message log file to determine the Oracle session ID for the
channel. (The log filename is specified in the NSR_RMAN_ARGUMENTS
parameter, set either through the Advanced Environment Options field in the
wizard or through the nsrnmo script in a legacy configuration.)
For example, the following sample line from an RMAN message log shows
that channel ch1 has the Oracle session ID 15:
channel ch1: sid=15 devtype=SBT_TAPE
b. Run the following select command in the Oracle svrmgrl or sqlplus program
to determine the serial number:
select serial# from v$session where sid=session_id;
where session_id is the Oracle session ID from the RMAN message log in
step a.
c. Run the following alter system command in the Oracle svrmgrl or sqlplus
program to terminate the channel:
alter system kill session ‘session_id, serial#’;
where:
– session_id is the Oracle session ID from step a.
– serial# is the serial number from step b.
“Cancel a nonresponding manual backup” on page 107 describes how to also cancel a
nonresponding scheduled backup.
Note: For a deduplication backup, the NMC display shows the total size of the data prior to
deduplication, not the size of the deduplicated data. The display also does not indicate that the
data is for a deduplication backup that is stored on the Avamar server.
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Backup Procedures
Note: The information in this section is applicable to a legacy configuration only, not to a
configuration set up through the NMO 5.0 wizard.
! IMPORTANT
Do not set the parameter NSR_SAVESET_NAME.
To pass the information to the Oracle Server processes, NMO invokes the RMAN
executable with send as a command line option. “The send command” on page 211
provides more information.
Note: The media database also includes information about the bootstrap, index, and NWORA
resource file backups that occur as part of each scheduled backup. The preceding mminfo
command sample does not show the bootstrap, index, and NWORA resource file information
for the scheduled backup.
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Cross-check the client file index and media database by using the save time. For
example:
mminfo -c ca-oracle1 -t 1192133159
nsrinfo -n oracle -t ’12/11/08 16:05:59’ ca-oracle1
Note: The backup size recorded in the NetWorker indexes does not match the amount of data
backed up during the deduplication backup.
The following examples show the index query results from the nsrinfo and mminfo
commands, where the backup piece is named 35ji3i75_1_1:
◆ As for a regular backup, the client file index includes the backup piece name for
the save set of the deduplication backup:
nsrinfo -n oracle -vV molecule
UNIX file '35ji3i75_1_1', size=212, off=0, app=oracle(25),
date=1212610342 Wed Jun 04 16:12:22 2008, (unknown fid), file size=0
In this case, the size of the backup piece is the size of the Avamar hash ID (20
bytes) plus the size of the NetWorker metadata that contains the backup piece
name.
◆ To query the media database, use the mminfo command with the -q dedupe
option (displays only save sets created through deduplication) and the -S option
(lists the extended options for the deduplication backups):
mminfo -S -q dedupe
ssid=1330050855 savetime=06/04/08 16:12:22 (1212610342)
RMAN:35ji3i75_1_1 level=full sflags=vF size=216 files=1
insert=06/04/08 create=06/04/08 complete=06/04/08 browse=07/04/08
23:59:59 retent=06/04/09 23:59:59
clientid=08b98b33-00000004-4824ae51-4824ae45-000c0000-80de6f33
*Client path: /NetWorker/server_name/client_name;
*Data set size: 34000000;
*De-Dup session id: 27;
*De-Dup snapup time: 2008-06-04;
*De-duplication: Yes;
*De-duplication host: scip2d088.lss.emc.com;
*Domain: /NetWorker/server_name;
*New data on De-Dup Node: 6899656.00;
*New files: 1;
*Replication host: scip2d089.legato.com;
*Size on De-Dup Node: 34603008.00;
group: Default;
Clone #1: cloneid=1212610343 time=06/04/08 16:12:23
retent=06/04/09 flags=F frag@ 0 volid=1648811587
file/rec=1330050855/0 rn=0 last=06/04/08
The save file size reported by mminfo is the same as that reported by nsrinfo,
except for an extra four bytes due to a NetWorker end-of-save-set marker.
When a deduplication backup is deleted (for example, by a user or the NetWorker
server), the backup information is deleted immediately from the NetWorker indexes,
and a request is queued for deletion of the backup from the Avamar server. The
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Data Restore and
Recovery
Note: The NetWorker server interface cannot be used to restore Oracle data that was backed up
with NMO.
Review the following sections in preparation for the Oracle data restore and recovery
procedures:
◆ “NetWorker indexes and policies used for restores” on page 118
◆ “Recovery configuration wizard” on page 118
◆ “RMAN scripts for restore and recovery” on page 121
Note: After a browse policy expires, the NetWorker scanner program can be used to rebuild
the online indexes. However, index entries regenerated by using scanner might cause the
NetWorker indexes to become unsynchronized with the RMAN catalog and lead to problems.
To avoid problems, ensure that the backup pieces have unique names, as described in “RMAN
scripts for manual backups” on page 75.
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Data Restore and Recovery
You can run the recovery configuration wizard from the NetWorker Console
Administration window, which you can start on any supported host by using a web
browser session and specifying the Console server URL.
The NetWorker Module for Oracle release notes provides details on the NetWorker
requirements for the support of the NMC-based configuration wizards.
To configure a restore with the wizard:
1. Review the information in “Features of the recovery configuration wizard” on
page 119.
2. Ensure that you meet the “Requirements for using the recovery configuration
wizard” on page 120.
3. Follow the steps in “Configure a restore with the wizard” on page 120.
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Data Restore and Recovery
5. To start the wizard, right-click the NMO client in the right pane, and select
Recover.
6. On each wizard screen that appears, specify the required values for the RMAN
script configuration.
Each wizard screen includes an online help button that you can click to access
descriptions of all the fields and options on the screen:
• On all but the last screen, click Next to proceed.
• On the last screen, Review and Accept the Script Creation, click Create to
create the RMAN restore script.
! IMPORTANT
When you create an RMAN restore script with the wizard and select the offline or
online mode option for tablespaces, you might need to manually edit the script and
insert an "alter database open;" command before the sql...tablespace... commands,
if it will be required for your particular database (if the database will not be open
at the point where the sql commands are to be run).
The following RMAN script performs a restore of an Oracle tablespace by using the
(remote) NetWorker server mars.emc.com. The Oracle data is restored to the
NetWorker client server1.emc.com. This RMAN script also includes the recovery
step, which is explained in “Perform an Oracle data recovery” on page 127:
run {
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
allocate channel t2 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
send ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_SERVER=mars.emc.com,
NSR_CLIENT=server1.emc.com)’;
sql ’alter tablespace users offline immediate’;
restore tablespace users;
recover tablespace users;
sql ’alter tablespace users online’;
release channel t1;
release channel t2;
}
“Create RMAN scripts for backups” on page 75 provides more information on setting
NSR* parameters in an RMAN script.
By default, NMO and NetWorker use configuration settings and information in the
media database to determine the backup volume to use for an NMO restore.
As an alternative, you can use the NSR_RECOVER_POOL parameter in the RMAN
restore script to restore data from a specified volume pool if there are multiple copies
(clones) of the backup on different volume pools. “NSR_RECOVER_POOL” on
page 206 provides more information.
The following RMAN script performs a nonproxy restore of the database from the
specified volume pool named OracleClonePool2, where the pool contains a clone of
the original backup volume.
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
run {
allocate channel c1 type 'SBT_TAPE';
send channel c1 ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_SERVER=backup01,
NSR_RECOVER_POOL=OracleClonePool2)’;
restore database;
release channel c1;
}
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Note: Use of the Oracle Enterprise Manager Backup Management Tools is not
supported with the recovery configuration wizard.
124 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Data Restore and Recovery
Each of the following nsrnmoinfo commands displays a list of the volumes required
to restore the specified backup pieces:
◆ The following command searches in the NetWorker index of the client mars on
the server server1 for information on the volumes that contain the backup pieces
backupc_1 and backupc_2:
nsrnmoinfo -c mars -s server1 backupc_1 backupc_2
◆ The following command searches in the NetWorker index of the local host for
information on the volumes that contain the backup pieces listed in the file
backup2.txt: (Both the NetWorker client and server are assumed to be the local
host.)
nsrnmoinfo -f backup2.txt
◆ The following command searches in the NetWorker index of the client mars for
information on the volumes that contain both:
• The backup piece backupc_3.
• The backup pieces listed in the file backup3.txt.
(The NetWorker server is assumed to be the local host.)
nsrnmoinfo -c mars backupc_3 -f backup3.txt
The following nsrnmoinfo command searches in the NetWorker index of the local
host on the server mars for information on the volumes containing the backup pieces
backup1 and backup2:
nsrnmoinfo -s mars backup1 backup2
The nsrnmoinfo command displays the following type of information:
backup1:
mars.003 at /space/nw_volume1 (save time 1098886937)
mars.004 at /space/nw_volume2 (save time 1098883454)
backup2:
mars.005 at /dev/rmt/0cbn (save time 1098883452)
According to this command display:
◆ Volumes mars.003 and mars.004 are required to restore the backup piece
backup1.
◆ Volume mars.005 is required to restore the backup piece backup2.
On Microsoft Windows, the command to run the RMAN script is rman.exe. The
appropriate Oracle backup and recovery documentation provides more information
on the rman or rman.exe command options.
Note: Use of the Oracle Enterprise Manager Backup Management Tools is not supported with
the recovery configuration wizard.
The Oracle Enterprise Manager Backup Management Tools include a graphical user
interface to RMAN. This interface can be used instead of the RMAN command line
interface to do the following:
◆ Generate the required RMAN commands.
◆ Perform backup and restore operations.
! IMPORTANT
After the completion of an NMO backup or restore, the Oracle Enterprise Manager
job queue history displays the status of the job as “failed”, even if the backup or
restore completed successfully. This is due to a known problem with Oracle
Enterprise Manager. View the job output to confirm that the backup or restore
completed successfully.
The Oracle Enterprise Manager documentation included with the product kit
provides more information on using the Oracle Enterprise Manager Backup
Management Tools.
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Disaster Recovery
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On UNIX, you can use any name for the postcommand script. On Windows, the
script name must end in .bat.
Note: During a scheduled NMO backup, the nsrnmostart process passes the options
-s server_name -g group_name to the postcommand script if the script name begins with
nsrnmodr.
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Note: On Windows, you may need to reinsert the oracle.reg file into the registry after
recovering it, for example, with the following command:
regedit /S C:\temp\oracle.reg
The Oracle documentation provides more details.
5. To perform the remainder of the disaster recovery, follow the instructions in the
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery User’s Guide. In the RMAN script, set the
NSR_CLIENT parameter to the name of the original host.
Note: During a scheduled NMO backup, the nsrnmostart process passes the options
-s server_name -g group_name to the postcommand script if the script name begins with
nsrnmodr.
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:start
if %1==-g goto assignG
if %1==-s goto assignS
if not exist %1 goto fail
shift
goto start
:assignG
set GRP=%2
shift
shift
if %SRV%==no goto start
goto end
:assignS
set SRV=%2
shift
shift
if %GRP%==no goto start
:end
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6
Cluster and RAC
Systems
NSR_CLIENT
During an Oracle backup, the NetWorker server creates entries about the backed-up
data in the online client file index. During an Oracle restore, the data is retrieved by
first searching this client file index.
The parameter NSR_CLIENT that is set in the RMAN script provides the following
information to the NetWorker server:
◆ During a backup, the name of the NetWorker client whose index file should be
used to record the backup information.
◆ During a restore, the name of the NetWorker client whose index file should be
used to search for the save set to be restored.
If NSR_CLIENT is not set, the NetWorker server uses the name of the local physical
host. Set the parameter NSR_CLIENT to the same value for all channels allocated
during the backup.
The value of NSR_CLIENT (either the default value or an explicitly defined value)
used for a backup should be the same as the value of NSR_CLIENT used for the
restore of that backup. Setting NSR_CLIENT to the name of the virtual (as opposed to
the physical) host might be preferable, so the backup and restore scripts run
successfully unmodified, regardless of the physical host that executes the scripts.
! IMPORTANT
If NSR_CLIENT is set to any value other than the default value during a backup or
restore, the Remote Access attribute must be modified in that NetWorker Client
resource. The NetWorker administration guide provides more information.
For each Oracle backup and restore, set NSR_CLIENT by using either the rman send
command on the operating system command line or the send command in the
RMAN script.
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NSR_SERVER
Set the parameter NSR_SERVER for a manual Oracle backup or restore if the
NetWorker server is a remote system for the node running the RMAN session. The
parameter must be set to the server name for each channel.
Note: The parameter NSR_SERVER does not need to be set for a scheduled Oracle backup.
Backup failover
Neither RMAN nor NMO supports Transparent Application Failover (TAF). As a
result, if a failure occurs during a backup, the backup is not automatically restarted
from the point of failure on another node. Only connect-time failover is supported.
“Connect-time failover” on page 144 provides more information.
Cluster systems
A cluster system typically includes multiple nodes connected by a shared SCSI bus to
which common storage is attached. In a cluster system, cluster services such as disk
services can be defined and assigned their own IP addresses and names (virtual
hosts). The services and their associated storage can migrate for failover between the
physical nodes in the cluster.
Together, the NMO and NetWorker server software can back up and restore an
Oracle database configured on cluster disk services. The NetWorker server treats
each cluster service as an independent client and stores the associated backup entries
in the online indexes under the name of the service.
After properly configuring a cluster service as a NetWorker client, NMO can be used
with the NetWorker server to back up and restore the database associated with the
service, independent of the actual node that provides the service.
To configure a cluster system for Oracle backup and restore operations that use
NMO, follow the “Roadmap for backup/restore configuration in a cluster system” on
page 140.
Backup failover
When a node failure occurs during a manual (unscheduled) Oracle backup, a database
administrator (DBA) must restart the backup after instance recovery. Since the Oracle
Net services are configured with a cluster service name, the restarted backup is
executed on the physical node that takes control of the cluster service.
When a node failure occurs during a scheduled Oracle backup, the NetWorker server
restarts the backup (from the beginning, not from the point of failure) if the Client
Retries attribute in the NetWorker Group resource is set to a value greater than zero.
The restarted backup is executed on the node that takes control of the cluster service.
RAC systems
The NMO software supports backups and restores of RAC systems for parallelism
and high availability.
RAC terminology
A node in a RAC system is a physical computer with a hostname such as
node1.emc.com. An Oracle instance is a memory structure and a group of Oracle
Server processes running on a node.
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An Oracle database (for example, named databs1) comprises a set of datafiles, which
are used by the Oracle instances and can be shared between the nodes. All instances
share the same datafiles and control file. Each node must have its own set of redo log
files and its own archived redo logs.
A RAC system contains three nodes named A, B, and C. Each node has a Linux
operating system, and an attached tape drive to be used for NMO backups.
NetWorker storage node software is installed on each node.
In the NMC interface, a Storage Node resource is created for each node by
right-clicking Storage Nodes in the Devices pane and selecting New.
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After the Storage Node resources are created, a Device resource is created for each
tape drive. Each Device resource is created in NMC by right-clicking Devices in the
Devices pane and selecting New. Since the tape devices are attached to storage
nodes, the device names must have the format rd=host_name:device_name. For
example:
◆ Tape device /dev/rmt/tape0 is attached to node A. In the Device resource, the
device name is rd=A:/dev/rmt/tape0.
◆ Tape device /dev/rmt/tape3 is attached to node B. In the Device resource, the
device name is rd=B:/dev/rmt/tape3.
◆ Tape device /dev/rmt/tape1 is attached to node C. In the Device resource, the
device name is rd=C:/dev/rmt/tape1.
In the tape device on each node, a volume is labeled and mounted. All of the volumes
are assigned to the Default pool in this example.
Node A is selected to store the index entries for the NMO backups and initiate the
backups. (The choice of node A was arbitrary; node B or node C could have been
chosen instead.) In all the RMAN backup and restores scripts, NSR_CLIENT must be
set to the hostname of node A.
In the NetWorker Client resource for node A:
◆ The Remote Access attribute is set to the hostnames of nodes B and C.
◆ The Storage Nodes attribute is set to:
curphyhost
nsrserverhost
◆ The remaining attributes are set, as required. For example:
• The Backup Command attribute is set to the nsrnmo script name.
• The Group attribute is set to the backup group name.
• The Save Set attribute is set to the RMAN script pathname.
The following RMAN script uses all three nodes to perform the backup. Each node
backs up data to its local tape drive:
connect target sys/oracle@connect_identifier;
run {
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’
connect ’sys/oracle@Net_service_name_of_instance_A’;
allocate channel t2 type ’SBT_TAPE’
connect ’sys/oracle@Net_service_name_of_instance_B’;
allocate channel t3 type ’SBT_TAPE’
connect ’sys/oracle@Net_service_name_of_instance_C’;
send channel t1 ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_CLIENT=A)’;
send channel t2 ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_CLIENT=A)’;
send channel t3 ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_CLIENT=A)’;
backup database;
release channel t1;
release channel t2;
release channel t3;
}
To enable restores, NSR_CLIENT must be set to the hostname of node A. For
example, the following RMAN script restores the database. The script can be run on
any host:
connect target sys/oracle@connect_identifier;
run {
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
allocate channel t2 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
send channel t1 ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_CLIENT=A)’;
Connect-time failover
If multiple listeners support a single service, a connect-time failover reroutes the
connection request to another listener if the first listener is down or cannot make the
connection. To enable the connect-time failover in RAC, there must be a listener on
each node, and each instance must use the same Net service name.
When using the local Net service naming method, the client’s tnsnames.ora file
should include the following parameters:
o92pA.emc.com =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(FAILOVER = ON)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp) (HOST = nodeA)
(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = tcp) (HOST = nodeB)
(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = proddb)
)
)
◆ Set the FAILOVER parameter to ON. The default value is ON for an
ADDRESS_LIST, and OFF when ADDRESS_LIST is not specified.
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Note: Some applications such as Oracle Enterprise Manager still require static database
registration with a listener.
Backup failover
When a manual backup is interrupted by an Oracle server-side failure, a DBA must
restart the backup after instance recovery. During the restarted backup, the
connection request to the failed instance is rerouted to another instance according to
the connect-time failover setup in the tnsnames.ora file.
For a scheduled backup, when the first backup attempt returns an error, the
NetWorker server restarts the backup if the Client Retries attribute in the NetWorker
Group resource is set to a value greater than zero. The connect-time failover reroutes
the connection to an available instance, and the restarted backup starts from the
beginning. For example, if the backup fails 5 hours into a 10-hour backup, it takes 15
hours to complete the backup. In this case, the operator might elect to wait until the
next scheduled backup.
On a RAC system, traditional cluster failover is not available. If an instance or node
fails in RAC, another node detects the failure and recovers the failed node’s data. As a
result, the nodes in RAC carry on without the failed node. If a system failure occurs
on the RAC node used to initiate an NMO backup, the backup fails. In this case,
manual intervention is required to configure and restart the backup on a different
RAC node that is available:
1. On the available RAC node, ensure that the following software is installed:
• NetWorker client
• NetWorker storage node (optional)
• NMO
2. Configure the Client resource for the available RAC node.
3. Replace the original Client resource with the new Client resource from step 2 for
the NMO backup.
Note: NMO does not support multiple RMAN restores that are running at the same time.
To run an Oracle restore on a RAC system, none of the nodes can be open. Only the
node that is running the RMAN restore script needs to be mounted.
Refer to Example 24 on page 146. A RAC system consists of two nodes named
node1.emc.com and node2.emc.com. The Oracle instances named instance1 and
instance2 are running on node1.emc.com and node2.emc.com, respectively. The
NetWorker server is located on a separate node, server1.emc.com.
146 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
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backup filesperset 10
(archivelog all delete input format ’al_%s_%p’);
release channel t1;
release channel t2;
}
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Proxy Backups and
Restores
Instant backups
An instant backup creates a point-in-time copy (snapshot) of Oracle data and stores
this copy on the primary storage system. Instant backups can be scheduled to occur
many times in a single day, with little impact to the Oracle Server or network.
The group of Oracle datafiles in the point-in-time copy is referred to as a snap set. A
snapshot policy must be configured to control the lifecycle of the snap set. This policy
specifies the frequency of instant backups and how long snapshots are retained
before being recycled. “Software configuration roadmap” on page 163 provides more
information.
Note: NMO supports scheduled instant backups only. Manual (unscheduled) instant backups
are not supported.
Live backups
NMO supports the following two types of live backup, which back up a snapshot to
secondary (traditional) storage:
◆ Deferred live backup — An existing point-in-time copy (snapshot), that is created
during an instant backup, is backed up to secondary storage, such as tape. The
snapshot is retained on the primary storage.
◆ Immediate live backup — A point-in-time copy (snapshot) is created, and
immediately backed up to secondary storage, such as tape. The snapshot is then
automatically deleted from the primary storage.
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! IMPORTANT
Instant backups protect against logical failures only. To protect against physical
failures, the point-in-time copy must be backed up to secondary storage.
A proxy client host that is separate from the Oracle Server host can be used to move
the point-in-time copy to the traditional storage medium, such as tape. Using a proxy
client as a secondary host reduces the impact on the Oracle Server.
Instant restores
During an instant restore, the saved data is retrieved from a mounted point-in-time
copy that was created with an instant backup. A minimal amount of time is required
for this type of restore.
Rollbacks
A rollback restores a whole point-in-time copy to a source location by using the
hardware’s particular capabilities. Rollbacks are destructive restores because they
overwrite the entire contents of a snapshot unit, such as a volume or disk. Use the
NetWorker PowerSnap Module documentation to determine if a rollback is
supported on a specific type of hardware.
Note: NetWorker storage node software can be optionally installed on the proxy client host.
Figure 12 on page 153 illustrates the architecture of the proxy backup and restore
system. It provides an overview of the functional relationship between the Oracle
and NetWorker software components. The interactions of the components are
described in the following sections:
◆ “Proxy backup processes” on page 153
◆ “Proxy restore processes” on page 159
152 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Proxy Backups and Restores
RMAN NetWorker
client
Oracle
Server
NetWorker
Module
for Oracle NetWorker
Recovery
MML client
Catalog
NetWorker
server
PowerSnap PowerSnap
Module Module
Storage
Oracle Point-in-time copy medium
data files of Oracle data files
Primary storage
GEN-000174
Note: Certain RMAN features, such as checking for corrupt blocks, are not applicable to proxy
backups because the MML controls that process.
When a proxy backup is initiated, the RMAN utility starts the Oracle Server
processes that call the MML proxy-specific routines. The MML routines communicate
with the PowerSnap Module service.
On the Oracle Server host, the PowerSnap Module uses a storage platform-specific
application programming interface (API) to take a snapshot of the Oracle data on the
primary storage.
If a live backup is performed, the PowerSnap Module moves the Oracle data from the
point-in-time copy (snapshot) on the primary storage to the NetWorker server or
storage node. The NetWorker server or storage node then stores the Oracle data on
the secondary storage, such as a tape.
At the end of the proxy backup, the NetWorker server updates the online client and
media indexes with information about the backup. The NetWorker administration
guide provides more information about NetWorker server and NetWorker client
programs and services.
Note: A proxy backup can be started only by automatic or manual invocation of the scheduled
NetWorker backup group. A proxy backup cannot be scheduled through Oracle Enterprise
Manager or started from RMAN. The NetWorker PowerSnap Module documentation provides
information on how to manually invoke a scheduled backup.
Note: To simplify the descriptions and illustrations in these sections, certain steps have been
omitted, such as the step to obtain the proper NetWorker authorization.
Note: If the point-in-time copy was not copied to secondary storage, the nsrsnapck
program invokes the nsroraclecat program to remove the corresponding RMAN catalog
entries. “Automatic catalog synchronization with the nsroraclecat program” on page 191
provides more information.
5. The nsrsnap program contacts the nsrexecd service, which starts the nsrnmo
script for the scheduled backup.
6. The nsrnmo script sets the required parameters and invokes the NMO program,
nsrnmostart.
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7. The nsrnmostart program starts the RMAN utility to run the required RMAN
backup script.
8. RMAN starts an Oracle process that calls the MML, which contacts the
PowerSnap master program, nsrpsd, to perform the instant backup:
• PowerSnap processes create the point-in-time copy that comprises the backup.
• The nsrmmd service performs the following:
– Stores metadata (used only by the PowerSnap Module) about the
point-in-time copy on the media belonging to the configured snapshot
pool.
– Records tracking information about the metadata in the NetWorker media
database by using the nsrmmdbd service.
• The nsrindexd service records information about the point-in-time metadata
in the NetWorker client file index.
• The nsrindexd service records tracking information about each backup piece
name in the NetWorker client file index. The client index contains one entry
per datafile.
• The Oracle Server records the backup entry in the RMAN catalog.
9. After the RMAN script completes successfully, the nsrnmostart program backs
up the NWORA resource file, described in “The NWORA resource file” on
page 183.
10. If the Snapshot Policy resource specifies that the point-in-time copy must be
copied to secondary storage, the nsrsnap program performs the steps in
“Deferred live backup” on page 158.
Note: The point-in-time copy is not deleted from the primary storage.
11. The savegrp program backs up the NetWorker server bootstrap and Oracle client
file indexes.
Figure 13 on page 156 shows how the Oracle Server and NetWorker processes
interact during a scheduled instant backup.
data
tracking
information
Oracle PowerSnap PowerSnap nsrindexd
process processes processes
nsrsnap nsrd
interprocess communication
savefs
nsroraclecat Start
(optional) Here
GEN-000175
Note: The first seven steps are the same as those in “Scheduled instant backup” on page 154.
1. At the scheduled backup start time, the main NetWorker service, nsrd, starts the
configured group’s backup by invoking the savegrp program.
2. The savegrp program requests that the NetWorker client-side service, nsrexecd,
on the Oracle Server host run the savefs program to verify the existence of the
RMAN scripts to be used for the backup.
3. If the savefs program succeeds, the savegrp program starts the PowerSnap
program, nsrsnap, on the Oracle Server host. Otherwise, the backup fails.
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Note: If the point-in-time copy was not copied to secondary storage, the nsrsnapck
program invokes the nsroraclecat program to remove the corresponding RMAN catalog
entries. “Automatic catalog synchronization with the nsroraclecat program” on page 191
provides more information.
5. The nsrsnap program contacts the nsrexecd service, which starts the nsrnmo
script for the scheduled backup.
6. The nsrnmo script sets the required parameters and invokes the NMO program,
nsrnmostart.
7. The nsrnmostart program starts the RMAN utility to run the required RMAN
backup script.
8. RMAN starts Oracle processes that call the MML, which contacts the PowerSnap
master program, nsrpsd, to perform the immediate live backup:
• PowerSnap processes create the point-in-time copy, move the data to
secondary storage, and then delete the point-in-time copy from the primary
storage.
• The nsrmmd service records the tracking information about the secondary
storage save sets in the NetWorker media database by using the nsrmmdbd
service.
• The nsrindexd service records the tracking information for each backup piece
name and for each stored operating system datafile in the NetWorker client
file index. The client index contains two entries per datafile.
• The Oracle Server records the backup entry in the RMAN catalog.
9. After the RMAN script completes successfully, the nsrnmostart program backs
up the NWORA resource file, described in “The NWORA resource file” on
page 183.
10. The savegrp program backs up the NetWorker server bootstrap and Oracle client
file indexes.
Figure 14 on page 158 shows how the Oracle Server and NetWorker processes
interact during a scheduled immediate live backup.
data
tracking
information
Oracle PowerSnap PowerSnap nsrindexd
process processes processes
nsrsnap nsrd
interprocess communication
savefs
nsroraclecat Start
(optional) Here
GEN-000176
Note: The point-in-time copy is not deleted from the primary storage.
2. The nsrmmd service records the tracking information about the deferred live
backup in the NetWorker media database by using the nsrmmdbd service.
3. The nsrindexd service records the tracking information for each stored operating
system datafile in the NetWorker client file index.
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Figure 15 on page 159 shows how the Oracle Server and NetWorker processes
interact during a scheduled deferred live backup.
tracking
information
Start
PowerSnap nsrindexd
Here
interprocess processes
communication data
Media database
nsrsnap (at end
nsrexecd nsrmmd
of savegrp) or
nsrsnapadmin
PowerSnap nsrmmdbd
elements
Secondary
storage medium
GEN-000177
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RMAN
tracking
information
Oracle PowerSnap PowerSnap nsrindexd
process module module
NetWorker
Module
for Oracle Media database
nsrpsd nsrexecd nsrmmd
MML
PowerSnap
nsrexecd elements
NetWorker nsrmmdbd
Module Snapshot
element pool media
nsrd
interprocess communication
GEN-000178
3. The nsrpsd program works with other PowerSnap and NetWorker programs to
retrieve the data from secondary storage, and perform the restore operation.
PowerSnap processes restore the files (save sets) into a destination requested by
NMO. The processes use the nsrmmd and nsrmmdbd processes to determine
which media contain the requested save sets and to read the backup volumes.
4. If operating system files (not raw devices or volumes) are restored, NMO moves
the restored files from the .nworapc directory to the parent directory.
Once the required Oracle files are restored from the backup volumes, a database
administrator can complete the standard Oracle database recovery.
Figure 17 on page 162 shows how the Oracle Server and NetWorker processes
interact during a restore from secondary storage.
data
RMAN
tracking information
Oracle PowerSnap nsrindexd
process module
NetWorker
Module
for Oracle nsrpsd Media database
nsrmmd
MML
PowerSnap
nsrexecd elements
NetWorker nsrmmdbd
Module Secondary
element storage
nsrd
interprocess communication
GEN-000179
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Basic configurations
Ensure that the following basic configurations are performed:
◆ The basic Oracle Server and NetWorker configurations are performed according
to the “Configuration roadmap” on page 62. The NetWorker Server, Client,
Device, and other resources must be configured:
• For live Oracle backups, a Device resource must be configured for each
secondary storage device, such as a tape drive, to be used for the backups. The
devices must be mounted prior to the backups.
• For instant Oracle backups, a snapshot Pool resource must be configured, as
described in “Additional configurations for proxy operations” on page 163.
◆ The required scheduled backup configurations are performed according to
“Configuring a backup with the NMC legacy method” on page 75.
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Note: Certain options of the RMAN backup command, such as maxsetsize and diskratio,
are not supported with the proxy option. Contact Oracle Corporation for more information
on the RMAN options that are not supported.
◆ As required by Oracle for proxy backups, the %p variable must be included in the
format string, either explicitly or implicitly within %U. The appropriate Oracle
backup and recovery documentation provides more information.
◆ Allocate only one channel in the RMAN script. Do not allocate more than one
channel in the RMAN script, in an attempt to distribute the proxy backup over
more than one channel.
The following sample RMAN script performs a proxy backup of an entire Oracle
database that resides on one or more primary storage devices:
run {
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
send ’NSR_ENV=(
NSR_PROXY_PFILE=/oracle/rman/proxy.cfg)’;
backup full proxy only
format ’FULL_%d_%U’
(database);
release channel t1;
}
NSR_PROXY_PFILE is an optional NMO parameter used for proxy backups. “Setting
the parameters” on page 166 provides details.
The proxy backup performed with the following RMAN script is written to either the
OracleVolume1 or OracleVolume2 volume pool (not to both volume pools) because
Oracle uses only one of the allocated channels for the proxy backup:
run {
allocate channel c1 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
allocate channel c2 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
send channel c1 ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL=OracleVolume1)’;
send channel c2 ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL=OracleVolume2)’;
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The configuration file consists of a separate line such as the following for each
parameter setting:
parameter_name=parameter_value
where:
• parameter_name is the parameter name, such as RESTORE_TYPE_ORDER.
• parameter_value is the parameter value, such as pit.
Use the following guidelines to set PowerSnap parameters:
◆ A parameter setting in the configuration file takes precedence over a parameter
setting in the send command.
If the same PowerSnap parameter is set to different values in the configuration
file and send command, the value in the configuration file is the one used for the
proxy operation.
◆ In the configuration file, the first valid occurrence of a PowerSnap parameter
takes precedence over any other occurrences of the same parameter in the same
file.
◆ The following are not supported:
• The use of the parms option in the configure channel command to set
PowerSnap parameters.
• The use of the setenv command on the operating system command line to set
PowerSnap parameters.
Example 27 on page 168 and Example 28 on page 168 provide examples of
PowerSnap parameter settings.
Table 7 on page 167 provides a basic list of supported PowerSnap parameters. The
list is not exhaustive. The NetWorker PowerSnap Module documentation provides a
complete list of PowerSnap parameters.
For each parameter, the table includes:
◆ A description of the parameter.
◆ The default value of the parameter.
◆ The valid values that can be assigned to the parameter.
NSR_DATA_MOVER Mandatory for a proxy backup that uses a proxy • Local host (default).
client host. Specifies the hostname of the proxy • The valid hostname of the proxy client host.
client host.
To enable proxy backup and restore operations with Celerra® NAS devices, ensure
that the following PowerSnap parameters are set in the user-defined configuration
file that you specify with the NMO parameter NSR_PROXY_PFILE:
◆ NSR_DATA_MOVER=name or IP of NetWorker data mover
Identifies the NetWorker data mover to use for rollovers.
◆ NSR_SNAP_NAS_CEL_CS_HOST=name or IP of Celerra control station
Identifies the Celerra control station.
◆ NAS_SNAP_SUBTYPE=CEL_SNAPSURE
Identifies the NAS SCM subtype to use.
◆ NSR_SNAP_TYPE=nas
Specifies that this is a NAS save object.
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Note: Specify the pool name in the Snapshot Pool attribute of the NetWorker Group resource,
as described in “Configuring the NetWorker Group resource” on page 169.
! IMPORTANT
A proxy backup can be started only by automatic or manual invocation of the
scheduled NetWorker backup group. A proxy backup cannot be scheduled
through Oracle Enterprise Manager, or started by invoking RMAN from the
operating system command line.
To verify the scheduled backup setup, follow the instructions for regular backups in
“Test a scheduled backup” on page 110.
Since manual (unscheduled) proxy backups are not supported, you cannot test a
proxy RMAN script by using the information in “Test RMAN scripts for scheduled
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backups” on page 79. To determine if the script contains any errors, log the RMAN
output into a file by setting the parameter NSR_RMAN_ARGUMENTS in the
nsrnmo script used for the backup.
Note: If the PowerSnap Module software involved in a proxy backup cannot determine if a file
is snapshotable, the proxy backup fails.
A scheduled backup includes the following RMAN script, with the database files
residing on volumes that support snapshots. However, the Snapshot attribute in the
Group resource is set to False. As a result, the proxy database backup fails:
run {
allocate channel ch1 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
allocate channel ch2 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
backup proxy database plus archivelog;
}
Despite the proxy backup failure, RMAN performs a regular backup of the archived
redo logs. The savegroup completion report lists failure of the scheduled backup.
! IMPORTANT
A proxy backup cannot be scheduled through Oracle Enterprise Manager or started
by invoking RMAN from the operating system command line. The NetWorker
PowerSnap Module documentation provides information on how to manually
invoke a scheduled backup.
Specific types of Oracle files, such as control files, cannot be backed up through a
proxy backup. This is an Oracle constraint. The Oracle documentation for the
particular Oracle Server release provides more information on the Oracle file types
that do not support proxy backups.
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Note: During RMAN operations, do not touch any files in this directory.
Note: If RMAN performs only a regular Oracle backup during the instant backup step
(“Checking configuration consistency” on page 171 provides details on when this can happen),
the deferred live backup fails because there is no point-in-time copy to be moved to secondary
storage. The entire backup is reported as failed, but the data is stored on tape and can be used
for restore.
In the NetWorker indexes, the save set name for the NWORA resource file backup is
the same as the file pathname. You can use the NetWorker mminfo command to
display the save set name. “NWORA resource file backup in the NetWorker indexes”
on page 176 provides information on how the backup is represented in the
NetWorker indexes.
The NWORA resource file backup can be restored by using the NetWorker recover
command or nwrecover GUI program. The NetWorker administration guide
provides more information.
Note: The file is stored under the "backup" namespace, not the "oracle" namespace.
The browse and retention policies applied to the NWORA resource file backup are
the most conservative policies associated with the given NetWorker client, not the
policies that are applied to the Oracle backups. As a result, you may see a difference
between the policies assigned to the NWORA resource file backup and the Oracle
backups.
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The nsrinfo command provides information on the proxy backup entries in the
NetWorker client file index:
nsrinfo -n oracle marmaris
scanning client ’marmaris’ for all savetimes from the oracle namespace
/PROXY_O901JB_811_1/, date=1178916449 Fri May 11 13:47:28 2007
/brcmeta.1/, data=1178916446 Fri May 11 13:47:25 2007
Physical files to rollover:
/JBOD13_NMO41_MVOL3/tbspc4_data1.dbf
/JBOD13_NMO41_MVOL3/tbspc4_data1.dbf, date=1178916453 Fri May 11
13:47:31 2007
The mminfo command provides information on the proxy backup entries in the
NetWorker media database:
mminfo -v -c marmaris
volume client date time size
nmo.002 marmaris 05/10/07 13:18:39 102 MB
snap.001 marmaris 05/10/07 13:18:41 2 KB
ssid fl lvl name
4064690015 cb full /space1/home/oracle/bp1
4098244417 cbP full /space1/home/oracle/bp1
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Note: The RMAN restore command does not include a proxy option.
To create an RMAN script for a proxy restore, follow the instructions in Chapter 4,
“Data Restore and Recovery.”
To perform a proxy restore, the appropriate parameters must be set, as described in
“Setting the parameters” on page 166.
! IMPORTANT
For the RESTORE_TYPE_ORDER parameter, NMO does not support the
force_rollback option, which is supported by PowerSnap Modules. If the option is
specified, the restore fails, even if other valid restore options are also specified.
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Rollback restore
For a rollback restore, the psrollback.res file must contain the directory name
.nworapc. The file is located as follows:
◆ On UNIX: /nsr/res/psrollback.res
◆ On Microsoft Windows: NetWorker_install_path\res\psrollback.res, where
NetWorker_install_path is the root directory of the NetWorker installation path
Add the directory name to the file by using a text editor as either the root user on
UNIX or a member of the Microsoft Windows Administrators group.
The following sources provide more information on the psrollback.res file:
◆ NetWorker PowerSnap Module documentation for the primary storage system.
◆ Comments within the psrollback.res file itself.
Note: For NMO systems, “.etc” must be added to the psrollback.res file.
To enable remount of the NAS file system at the end of a rollback operation, place an
entry for the target file system in the appropriate file:
◆ /etc/vfstab on Solaris
◆ /etc/fstab on HP-UX
◆ /etc/filesystems on IBM AIX
If this is not done, the remount at the end of the rollback fails. The data is recovered,
but the file system must be remounted manually and the tablespace brought back
online.
! IMPORTANT
Relocation is not supported during a rollback restore. If the
RESTORE_TYPE_ORDER parameter includes the rollback value and the RMAN
restore script specifies relocation, the restore fails, even if the parameter includes
other values.
During a proxy restore, NMO supports and controls relocation, which is the restore
of datafiles (regular files or raw volumes) to a new location. The new location can be
specified by using the RMAN set newname command.
Note: During a regular Oracle restore, relocation is also supported, but it is controlled by the
Oracle Server.
To relocate a regular file or raw volume during a proxy restore, the set newname
command must specify the name of the relocated file as one of the following:
◆ The complete pathname of the relocated file.
◆ The complete pathname of a symbolic link that points to the location where the
file will be restored.
! IMPORTANT
The procedure to relocate a raw volume includes a restriction that does not apply
when relocating a regular file.
To relocate a raw volume, the base filename (the filename without the directory path)
of the original backed-up raw volume must be identical to one of the following:
◆ The base filename of the relocation path specified in the set newname command.
◆ If the set newname command specifies a symbolic link, the base filename in the
symbolic link.
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Note: If point-in-time recoveries are performed with an RMAN Recovery Catalog, the
information in this section does not apply.
During a proxy database backup, Oracle backs up the control file after the proxy
backup of the datafiles is complete. In a large database production environment,
there might be a delay between the end time of the datafile backup and the start time
of the control file backup.
During this time delay, if the physical structure of the database is changed (for
example, a new datafile is added), the control file must be backed up in a separate
RMAN session before the changes occur. This is due to the fact that the control file
backup from the proxy database backup session will include information on the new
database structure.
Note: If catalog synchronization is enabled for NMO, proxy backup entries in the catalogs are
synchronized automatically.
Note: This automatic expiration and index entry removal does not apply to instant backups
specified with the nsrnmo -c client_name command.
The following sections provide more information on using this command:
- “Proxy backups from a virtual cluster client” on page 195
- “Proxy backups from a physical cluster client” on page 196
◆ When the expiration policy for an instant backup expires, the NetWorker process
nsrim prunes the backup entries from the NetWorker indexes.
◆ The NetWorker process nsrexecd performs consistency checking that can remove
backup entries from the NetWorker indexes.
◆ The DBA uses a NetWorker command, such as nsrmm, to remove a save set that
includes an instant backup.
Note: For proxy instant backups, use an RMAN recovery catalog instead of a control file.
“Control file versus recovery catalog” on page 183 provides more information.
! IMPORTANT
To enable automatic catalog synchronization for proxy backups:
- The parameter ORACLE_SID must be properly set in the nsrnmo scheduled
backup script at the time of the proxy backup. “Customize the nsrnmo script” on
page 79 provides details.
- An NWORA resource file must include the required resources, as described in
“The NWORA resource file” on page 183.
The NMO program nsroraclecat uses the NWORA resources in the file to perform
automatic synchronization of the RMAN catalog and NetWorker indexes. DBAs can
also synchronize the catalogs manually by using RMAN commands.
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! IMPORTANT
If you use a control file as the RMAN catalog during an instant backup, ensure that
the control file contains enough free entries for the backup. RMAN creates a new
entry in the control file for each file backed up in an instant backup. The backup of
a large database with many files can quickly use all the free entries in the control
file and start overwriting old entries. When entries are overwritten, the
corresponding backups cannot be restored.
Note: The NWORA resource file must not be edited manually. All resources in the file must be
added, modified, or deleted by using the nsrnmoadmin program only. The nsrnmoadmin
program must be run by either the root user on UNIX or a member of the Microsoft Windows
Administrators group.
Note: The parameter resources listed in Table 8 on page 184 are the only ones supported. Do
not attempt to add other parameter resources to the NWORA resource file.
NSR_NWPATH Specifies the directory location of the NetWorker binary • Directory pathname for the location of
nsrsnapck. nsrsnapck (default).
• Valid directory pathname for the location of
Note: If you use NMO with Sun-branded NetWorker, you must the NetWorker binary nsrsnapck.
set NSR_NWPATH by using the following nsrnmoadmin
command:
nsrnmoadmin -r update NSR_NWPATH=/usr/sbin/nsr
NSR_ORACLECAT_DEBUG_FILE Specifies the debug file used by the nsroraclecat program. • Undefined (default).
Set this parameter only for the purpose of debugging the • Valid pathname of the nsroraclecat debug
nsroraclecat program. file.
Note: The nsroraclecat debug file must be created in a Note: If undefined, debug information is not
secure location since it includes a copy of the strings from the generated.
RMAN connection file.
NSR_ORACLECAT_LOG_FILE Specifies the operations log file used by the nsroraclecat • Undefined (default).
program. The logged information includes the backup pieces • Valid pathname of the nsroraclecat log file.
successfully removed from the RMAN catalog, and those that
failed to be removed during automatic catalog Note: If undefined, logging information is written
synchronization. to the /nsr/applogs/nsroraclecat.log file by
default.
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NSR_REMOVE_ON_FAILURE Specifies whether the corresponding NetWorker index entries • FALSE (default).
are removed when the nsroraclecat program fails to remove • TRUE.
one or more RMAN catalog entries during automatic catalog
synchronization. “Automatic catalog synchronization with the
nsroraclecat program” on page 191 provides more
information.
Note: Once an NWORA parameter resource is added to the resource file, it cannot be deleted.
However, its value can be modified.
To view the NWORA parameter resources in the resource file, use the nsrnmoadmin
-r list command.
To modify NWORA parameter resource settings, use the nsrnmoadmin -r update
command.
“Configuring the NWORA resource file with the nsrnmoadmin program” on
page 188 provides details on how to use the nsrnmoadmin command.
! IMPORTANT
If automatic catalog synchronization is enabled, but you do not create an NWORA
SID resource for an Oracle database, the catalogs will not be synchronized during
instant backups of that database. As a result, the catalogs can become
unsynchronized unless you synchronize them manually by using RMAN
commands. “Automatic catalog synchronization with the nsroraclecat program” on
page 191 provides more information.
Note: Each NWORA SID resource must have a unique NSR_ORACLE_SID value.
NSR_ORACLE_CONNECT_FILE Mandatory. Specifies the location of the file containing the • Undefined (default).
connection strings required to create an RMAN session. “The • Valid pathname of the RMAN connection file.
connection file” on page 188 provides more information.
NSR_ORACLE_HOME Mandatory. Specifies the home directory of the Oracle • Undefined (default).
installation. The RMAN executable must be located in • Valid pathname of the Oracle home directory.
subdirectory bin of this directory.
Note: The value must be equal to the Oracle
parameter $ORACLE_HOME value.
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NSR_ORACLE_LIB_PATH Optional. Specifies the pathname of the directory containing • Undefined (default).
the Oracle shared libraries on UNIX, typically • Valid pathname of the Oracle shared library
$ORACLE_HOME/lib. directory on UNIX.
NSR_ORACLE_SID Mandatory. Specifies the SID value of the Oracle database • Undefined (default).
whose RMAN catalog is to be synchronized. • Valid SID value of the Oracle database.
NSR_ORACLE_TNS_ADMIN Optional. Specifies the pathname of the directory containing • Undefined (default).
the Oracle Net configuration files. • Valid pathname of Oracle network
configuration directory.
! IMPORTANT
A DBA must create the connection file in a secure location.
Note: The connection file must not include any lines starting with the # symbol.
If the connection file does not contain a connection string for an RMAN recovery
catalog, the nsroraclecat program assumes that a control file is used as the RMAN
repository during instant backups.
If the following lines exist in the connection file, an RMAN recovery catalog is used as
the RMAN repository:
connect target sys/oracle@proddb;
connect rcvcat rman/rman@oracat;
Note: RMAN catalog deletions fail if the connection file for a backup piece does not exist or
does not contain valid connection strings.
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On Windows 2008 and Windows Vista, you must run the nsrnmoadmin command in
the Command Prompt window as an administrator:
1. Click Start.
2. Right-click Command Prompt.
3. Select Run as administrator.
4. Run the nsrnmoadmin command in the open Command Prompt window.
The following sections provide examples of how to use the nsrnmoadmin command
to list, add, update, and delete NWORA resources:
◆ “List the NWORA resources” on page 190
◆ “Add the NWORA resources” on page 190
◆ “Update the NWORA resources” on page 191
◆ “Delete the NWORA SID resources” on page 191
The following sources provide more information on the nsrnmoadmin command:
◆ The nsrnmoadmin man page on a UNIX Oracle Server that contains the NMO
software.
◆ The nsrnmoadmin entry in the NetWorker Module for Oracle command
reference guide on the Powerlink website.
List the NWORA resources
◆ To display the entire NWORA resource file contents, type the following:
nsrnmoadmin -r list
◆ To display the NSR_ORACLECAT_MODE parameter resource only, type the
following:
nsrnmoadmin -r list NSR_ORACLECAT_MODE
◆ To display an NWORA SID resource with the NSR_ORACLE_SID value of
proddb, type the following:
nsrnmoadmin -r list proddb
Note: If the NWORA parameter resource already exists in the resource file, use of the add
keyword causes the resource value to be updated.
Note:
- When adding an NWORA SID resource, the keywords sid, home, and connect are
mandatory; the keywords lib and tns are optional.
- If an NWORA SID resource with the same NSR_ORACLE_SID value already exists, the
command updates the values of the existing resource.
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Note: When updating an NWORA SID resource, the keyword sid is mandatory. The
keywords home, connect, lib, and tns are optional.
Note: Only NWORA SID resources can be deleted from the resource file. NWORA parameter
resources cannot be deleted.
Note: To perform manual catalog synchronization, you can use specific RMAN commands, as
described in “The change...crosscheck and crosscheck commands” on page 210. The
appropriate Oracle documentation provides more information on RMAN commands.
To remove the RMAN catalog entries, nsroraclecat obtains information from the
NWORA resource file and generates temporary RMAN scripts that include an
RMAN change...delete command for each backup piece to be removed.
A separate script is created for all the backup pieces from the same database (or
ORACLE_SID).
The nsroraclecat program names each RMAN script as follows:
◆ On UNIX:
/nsr/tmp/.nworapc/nsroraclecat_date_pid
◆ On Microsoft Windows:
NetWorker_install_path\tmp\.nworapc\nsroraclecat_date_pid
where:
• NetWorker_install_path is the root directory of the NetWorker installation path.
• date is the current date.
• pid is the nsroraclecat process ID.
The nsroraclecat program runs each script in an RMAN session. After the scripts
have finished running, the program removes them.
Note: The nsroraclecat program generates information about the backup piece entries
removed from the RMAN catalog. The information is written to the nsroraclecat log and debug
files. “NSR_ORACLECAT_LOG_FILE” and “NSR_ORACLECAT_DEBUG_FILE” on page 184
provide more information on these files.
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! IMPORTANT
After a nsroraclecat program failure occurs or while catalog synchronization is
disabled, the DBA must synchronize the catalogs manually by using specific
RMAN commands. The appropriate Oracle documentation provides more
information.
! IMPORTANT
The NSR_REMOVE_ON_FAILURE setting controls the result of the nsroraclecat
program failure to remove RMAN catalog entries.
- In general, NSR_REMOVE_ON_FAILURE should be set to TRUE, to enable
NetWorker index entries to be removed, even if the RMAN catalog entries are not
removed. Otherwise, if entries are not removed from the NetWorker indexes, the
snapshot resources are not freed and subsequent backups might fail.
- If RMAN backup optimization is enabled, NSR_REMOVE_ON_FAILURE
should be set to FALSE, to prevent the removal of NetWorker index entries.
Otherwise, RMAN might skip backing up certain files.
When the nsroraclecat program fails to run properly, the nsrsnapck program’s
actions depend on whether the instant backup on the primary storage is intact:
◆ If the instant backup on the primary storage is destroyed or invalid, the
nsrsnapck program removes the corresponding entry from the NetWorker
indexes.
◆ If the instant backup on the primary storage is intact, the nsrsnapck program
does not remove any entries from the NetWorker indexes and generates an error
message about the failure in the following file:
• On UNIX: /nsr/logs/daemon.raw
• On Microsoft Windows: NetWorker_install_path\logs\daemon.raw, where
NetWorker_install_path is the root directory of the NetWorker installation path
The NetWorker administration guide provides more information on the
daemon.raw log file and how to view its contents.
! IMPORTANT
The parameter NSR_CLIENT is not supported for proxy backups on a cluster
system. This parameter is used for restores and regular Oracle backups on a cluster
system, as described in Chapter 6, “Cluster and RAC Systems.”
Note: To avoid restarting the backups of all objects in the RMAN script during the NetWorker
retry, you can use the Oracle restartable backups feature. This feature enables you to back up
only the files that have not been backed up since a specified time, for example, by using the
’sysdate -1’ option. “Restartable backups” on page 37 provides more information.
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Notes:
• The host specified with -c client_name must have access to instant backups.
• NMO and the PowerSnap Module must be installed and configured on the
host specified with -c client_name.
• When the backup is started from the virtual cluster client, the backup entries
are stored in the NetWorker client file index of the virtual client by default.
• The entries for the NWORA resource file backup are always stored in the
NetWorker index of the physical client.
To specify that the backup entries be stored in the index of the physical cluster client
mars.emc.com, where the script name is nsrnmo, specify the following in the Backup
Command attribute:
nsrnmo -c mars.emc.com
Note: The entries for the NWORA resource file backup are always stored in the NetWorker
index of the physical client.
To specify that the proxy backup entries be stored in a NetWorker client file index
other than the physical client index, for example, in a virtual client index:
◆ Add -c client_name to the nsrnmo script name in the Backup Command attribute in
the Client resource.
◆ Specify the Oracle user from the physical host in the Remote Access attribute in
the Client resource for client_name.
The expiration of instant backups created with the nsrnmo -c client_name command
differs from the expiration of instant backups created without the -c option.
“Removing instant backup entries from the NetWorker indexes” on page 182
provides details on the expiration and removal of backups specified with nsrnmo -c
client_name.
Notes:
◆ The host specified with -c client_name must have access to instant backups.
◆ NMO and the PowerSnap Module must be installed and configured on the host
specified with -c client_name.
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To specify that the backup entries be stored in the index of the virtual client
monalisa.emc.com, where the script name is nsrnmo, specify the following in the
Backup Command attribute:
nsrnmo -c monalisa.emc.com
Note: When a failover occurs during a restore, the restore must be restarted manually on the
failover node.
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A
Parameters in an RMAN
Session
Note: Unless noted otherwise, the parameters are supported for both regular and proxy
backups and restores. “Setting the parameters” on page 166 provides information specific to
proxy operations.
The NSR* parameters described in Table 10 on page 201 are parameters specific to
NetWorker that can be set for an RMAN session of:
◆ A manual or scheduled Oracle backup.
◆ An Oracle restore.
To ensure that the required NSR* parameters are set during an NMO backup or
restore, set them in one of the following ways unless specified otherwise in Table 10
on page 201:
◆ If using automatic channels, set the parameters with the parms option in the
configure channel command.
“Automatic channel allocation” on page 26 provides more information on
automatic channels.
◆ If not using automatic channels, set the parameters with the RMAN send
command (recommended), as one of the following:
• The rman send command on the operating system command line.
• The send command in the RMAN session or script.
Do not mix these different ways of setting the NSR* parameters in the same RMAN
session. The use of a UNIX setenv command or Windows set command on the
operating system command line to set the NSR* parameters has no effect.
On Windows, when an NSR* parameter is set through the parms option, the value of
that NSR* parameter remains in effect for all subsequent allocated channels, and for
all subsequent RMAN sessions until one of the following occurs:
◆ The Oracle database is shut down.
◆ The NSR* parameter is unset for the channel by using the parms option, as in the
following example:
run {
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’
parms ’ENV=(NSR_SERVER=,NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL=)’;
:
:
release channel t1;
}
Note: On Windows, this does not occur if the parameters are set through the send command in
all RMAN sessions.
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NSR_AES_ENCRYPTION Optional. Specifies whether the Oracle data is • FALSE (default) = The Oracle data is not encrypted
encrypted by NMO by using 256-bit AES encryption through 256-bit AES encryption during the backup.
during the backup before being sent over the network. • TRUE = The Oracle data is encrypted through
The AES encryption uses the key that is set in the 256-bit AES encryption during the backup.
Datazone pass phrase attribute of the NetWorker
Server resource. Keep a record of this key or pass
phrase because it is required for later restore of the
backup.
NSR_CHECKSUM Optional. Specifies whether or not the NetWorker • FALSE (default) = The NetWorker software
software performs checksumming on the backup data. performs no checksumming.
• TRUE = The NetWorker software performs
checksumming.
NSR_CLIENT Recommended for a backup of Oracle running on a • The physical host on which the session runs
cluster or RAC system. (default).
Recommended for all restores. • A valid NetWorker client hostname.
Specifies the NetWorker Client resource to use for a
backup or restore session.
Might be needed for disaster recovery.
NSR_COMPRESSION Optional. Specifies whether or not the NetWorker • FALSE (default) = The NetWorker software
software performs compression on the backup data. performs no compression.
• TRUE = The NetWorker software performs
compression.
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL Mandatory if using the set duplex command (with • The most appropriate pool, selected by the
duplex set to 1, 2, 3, or 4) or other RMAN commands to NetWorker server (default).
generate backup copies during a manual backup. • A valid NetWorker pool name.
Specifies the name of the volume pool to use for the • The name must be different from the name used by
Oracle backup, including a duplexed Oracle backup. the parameter NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL1,
In the case of proxy backups, specifies the volume pool NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL2, or
for live backups only (backups to secondary storage NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL3.
only).
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL1 Mandatory if using the set duplex command (with • Undefined (default).
duplex set to 2, 3, or 4) or other RMAN commands to • A valid NetWorker pool name.
generate two or more backup copies during a manual • The name must be different from the name used by
backup. the parameter NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL,
Specifies the name of the volume pool to use for a NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL2, or
duplexed Oracle backup. NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL3.
Note: For a manual backup that generates backup
copies, NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL1 must be set
through the parms option, not through the send
command or option.
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL2 Mandatory if using the set duplex command (with • Undefined (default).
duplex set to 3 or 4) or other RMAN commands to • A valid NetWorker pool name.
generate three or more backup copies during a manual • The name must be different from the name used by
backup. the parameter NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL,
Specifies the name of the volume pool to use for a NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL1, or
duplexed Oracle backup. NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL3.
Note: For a manual backup that generates backup
copies, NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL2 must be set
through the parms option, not through the send
command or option.
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL3 Mandatory if using the set duplex command (with • Undefined (default).
duplex set to 4) or other RMAN commands to generate • A valid NetWorker pool name.
four backup copies during a manual backup. • The name must be different from the name used by
Specifies the name of the volume pool to use for a the parameter NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL,
duplexed Oracle backup. NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL1, or
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL2.
Note: For a manual backup that generates backup
copies, NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL3 must be set
through the parms option, not through the send
command or option.
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NSR_DEBUG_LEVEL Optional. Controls the amount of debug information that • 0 (default) = Only operational messages are written
NMO writes to the debug log file, which is specified by for the sbtread(), sbtwrite(), and sbtpcstatus()
NSR_DEBUG_FILE. functions. No entry or exit messages are written for
the functions.
Note: NSR_DEBUG_LEVEL must be set through the • 1 = Only entry and exit messages are written for the
parms option. Do not set it through the send option or sbtread(), sbtwrite(), and sbtpcstatus() functions. No
command. operational messages are written for the functions.
• 2 = All debug messages for all the functions are
The debug level limits only the amount of debug written to the log file.
information generated by the three functions sbtread(),
sbtwrite(), and sbtpcstatus(), which are called most
often during backups and restores. All the debug
messages for other functions are always written to the
log file, regardless of the debug level.
NSR_DEDUP_BACKUP Mandatory for a manual deduplication backup. Do not • FALSE (default) = Deduplication is not performed
set for a scheduled deduplication backup. Specifies during a manual NMO backup. Other NSR_DEDUP*
whether or not deduplication is performed during a parameters are ignored.
manual NMO backup. • TRUE = Deduplication is performed during a manual
NMO backup. If NSR_DEDUP_NODE is not set, the
Note: For a scheduled deduplication backup, set the backup fails.
De-duplication Backup attribute in the NetWorker Client
resource, instead of setting this parameter.
NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_ENABLED Optional for a deduplication backup. Specifies whether • TRUE (default) = A hash cache is used to increase
a hash cache is used during a deduplication backup. performance during a deduplication backup. This
The nsravtar process creates the cache in the value is recommended in most cases.
/nsr/dedup/cache or Windows equivalent directory. Use • FALSE = A hash cache is not used during a
of the cache increases both the deduplication backup deduplication backup. The parameter
performance and disk usage in the cache directory. NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_TAG is ignored.
NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_TAG Mandatory for a deduplication backup if the parameter • / (default; signifies the root directory).
NSR_DEDUP_CACHE_ENABLED is set to TRUE. • String value of the tag to use to generate a
Specifies the tag for the nsravtar process to use to deduplication cache name. Do not include the client
generate the hash cache name for a deduplication name in the value.
backup: • Recommended value is:
• Set to a different value for each channel; if the same <ORACLE_SID or Net_service_name>_<channel_ID>
tag value is used for more than one channel, the For example: ORCL102_t1
deduplication backup fails.
• Set with the send command (not the parms option) Note: The nsravtar process uses the tag value to
if multiple channels are used on Windows. generate the cache name through hashing. The actual
• Set with the parms option (not the send command) cache name does not contain this parameter value.
if automatic channel allocation is used (and multiple
channels are not used on Windows).
NSR_DEDUP_CHUNK_SIZE Optional for a deduplication backup. Specifies the size • 0 (default; signifies that variable sizes are used for
in bytes that the Avamar server uses for data chunks in the data chunks, as determined by the Avamar
a deduplication backup. server). This value is recommended in most cases.
If a nonzero value is specified, the Avamar server uses • Size (greater than zero) in bytes to use for all of the
the fixed size for all of the data chunks saved in the data chunks in a deduplication backup; for example,
deduplication backup. 1024, 2048, 5096, 8194, or a value recommended in
the Avamar documentarion.
Note: Setting of this parameter requires knowledge of
the potential effects on Avamar server operations.
NSR_DPRINTF Optional, for use with Tech Support only. Specifies • FALSE (default) = NetWorker core debug messages
whether NetWorker core debug messages are printed are not printed to NSR_DEBUG_FILE.
to the file specified by NSR_DEBUG_FILE. • TRUE = NetWorker core debug messages are
printed to NSR_DEBUG_FILE.
Note: NSR_DPRINTF must be set through the parms - If NSR_DEBUG_FILE is not set, the messages are
option, not through the send command or option. printed to the default location.
Recommended value for NSR_DEBUG_LEVEL is 9. - If NSR_DEBUG_LEVEL is set to 0, few debug
messages are printed.
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Parameters in an RMAN Session
NSR_GROUP Optional. Use for a manual backup only. Specifies the • The predefined NetWorker group named Default
NetWorker group to use for a backup session. Used by (default).
the NetWorker server to select the volume pool for the • A valid NetWorker backup group name.
manual backup.
Note: A NetWorker Group resource must be configured
for the specified backup group.
NSR_MMDB_RETRY_TIME Optional. Specifies the number of minutes that NMO • 0 (default). NMO does not try to reconnect to the
should try to connect to the NetWorker media database media database if the first attempt fails.
before terminating the operation (backup, restore, or • A valid number of minutes.
RMAN maintenance commands). When the media
database is busy, NMO tries to reconnect after sleeping
for five seconds between attempts.
NSR_NO_BUSY_ERRORS Optional. Specifies whether a scheduled backup fails • FALSE (default) = The scheduled backup waits for
immediately when the NetWorker server is busy or the NetWorker server to accept the connection.
waits for the NetWorker server to accept the • TRUE = The scheduled backup fails immediately
connection. when the NetWorker server is busy.
Note: For proxy backups, this parameter is always set
to FALSE.
NSR_NO_MULTIPLEX Optional. When set for a specific RMAN channel, • FALSE (default) = Multiplexing is enabled on the
specifies whether multiplexing is disabled during a device that the RMAN channel is using.
backup on the NetWorker device that the RMAN • TRUE = Multiplexing is disabled on the device that
channel is using. If multiplexing is disabled, no other the RMAN channel is using.
save sets can be written to the device.
To optimize restore operations, RMAN requires NMO Note: If a random access NetWorker device such as an
backups to not be multiplexed. advanced file device is used, do not set the parameter
Setting the parameter to TRUE may affect the backup to TRUE.
performance. For example, the device may sit idle
during part of the backup. If the performance is
adversely affected, reset the parameter to FALSE.
NSR_NWPATH Mandatory when removing a backup from the • The platform-specific default location of the
NetWorker server if both of the following are true: NetWorker client binaries (default).
• The nsrsnapck binary is in a nondefault location. • A valid pathname of the directory that contains the
• The NWORA resource file does not contain the nsrsnapck binary, for example, /usr/local/bin.
correct location of the NetWorker client binaries.
“The NWORA resource file” on page 183 provides
details on the resource file.
Mandatory for a manual deduplication backup or
restore and for a proxy backup or restore when
NetWorker software is installed in a nondefault location
on a UNIX NMO client host.
Specifies the complete pathname of the directory that
contains nsrsnapck or NetWorker binaries.
NSR_RECOVER_POOL Optional for restore only. Specifies the name of the • Undefined (default).
NetWorker volume pool to use for an NMO restore. You • A valid name of a NetWorker volume pool that
can use this option to restore data from a specified contains a cloned backup to use for a restore.
volume pool if there are multiple copies (clones) of the
backup on different volume pools.
NSR_RETENTION_DISABLED Optional. Specifies whether the NetWorker browse and • FALSE (default) = NetWorker browse and retention
retention policies are disabled. policies are enabled, and used to manage the
Set to TRUE to use Oracle policies only (not NetWorker lifecycle of the NMO backup data.
policies) to manage the backup data lifecycle. Then the • TRUE = NetWorker browse and retention policies
RMAN catalog and NetWorker indexes cannot become are disabled. Only Oracle policies are used to
unsynchronized, for example, when a NetWorker index manage the lifecycle of the NMO backup data.
entry is expired but the corresponding RMAN catalog
entry is not expired.
NSR_SAVESET_BROWSE Mandatory if setting a nondefault browse policy for a • The most appropriate policy for the client, as
manual Oracle backup. selected by the NetWorker server (default).
Specifies the date when the entry for the backup is to • A valid date in nsr_getdate(3) format.
be removed from the NetWorker client index.
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Parameters in an RMAN Session
NSR_SAVESET_RETENTION Mandatory if setting a nondefault retention policy for a • The most appropriate policy for the client, as
manual Oracle backup. selected by the NetWorker server (default).
Specifies the date when the save set becomes • A valid date in nsr_getdate(3) format.
recyclable.
NSR_SERVER Mandatory for a manual backup if the NetWorker server • The local physical host (default).
host is different from the Oracle Server host. • A valid NetWorker server name.
Recommended for a local manual backup.
Specifies the hostname of the NetWorker server to
perform the Oracle backup.
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B
RMAN Commands
Note: If the NetWorker client binaries are located in a nondefault directory on the Oracle
Server host and the NWORA resource file was not created during the NMO installation, the
parameter NSR_NWPATH might need to be set in the NWORA resource file or in the RMAN
script. “NSR_NWPATH” on page 206 provides more information.
! IMPORTANT
NMO does not support the pool option of the RMAN backup command, with the
exception of pool=0.
If any nonzero value is specified for the pool option of the RMAN backup command,
the RMAN session terminates and NMO returns the following error message:
sbtbackup: Oracle pools are not supported
“NMO error messages” on page 222 provides more information on this error
message.
To specify the NetWorker volume pool to be used by NMO, set the parameter
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL in the RMAN script. Appendix A, “Parameters in an
RMAN Session,” provides more information.
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RMAN Commands
Note: In the following sections, brackets ([]) are used to denote the optional portions of a
command, for example, command options and corresponding settings. When typing the
command, do not include the brackets.
Syntax rules
The send command must have the following format:
send [ device_type ’device_specifier’ | channel channel_id ]
’NSR_ENV=(name1=value1 [, name2=value2, ...])’
These sections describe the syntax rules for the two main parts of the send command:
◆ “The send command string” on page 211
◆ “The send command options” on page 212
◆ Comments are not allowed inside the quotes. In the following example,
“# NSR_SERVER” is considered the first parameter’s name:
run {
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
send ’NSR_ENV=(
# NSR_SERVER=server1,
NSR_CLIENT=oracle)’;
:
◆ A send command in an RMAN script can span multiple lines. For example:
send ’NSR_ENV=(
NSR_SERVER=server1,
NSR_CLIENT=oracle)’;
Note: The send command has no effect with device type disk.
◆ send channel sets the parameters for the specified channels only.
! IMPORTANT
The device_type or the channel option can be used in the send command in an
RMAN script only. Neither option can be used in the send command on the
operating system command line. “The send command on the operating system
command line” on page 213 provides more information.
In the following sample script, the parameters are set for channel t1 only, not for
channel t2:
run {
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
allocate channel t2 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
send channel t1 ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_SERVER=server1,
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL=MondayFulls)’;
:
}
This sample RMAN script is referenced in Table 11 on page 213.
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RMAN Commands
Table 11 on page 213 lists the values for options used with the send command. The
example referred to is Example 42 on page 212.
device_specifier The device type as specified in an allocate channel command in the RMAN script. For a
backup tape device, use SBT_TAPE.
channel_id The channel identifier as specified in an allocate channel command in the RMAN script. In
the example, the identifier is t1.
name1 The first NMO parameter name. In the example, the first parameter name is
NSR_SERVER.
value1 The value assigned to the first parameter. In the example, the first value is server1.
name2 The second NMO parameter name. In the example, the second parameter name is
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL.
value2 The value assigned to the second parameter. In the example, the second value is
MondayFulls.
◆ The parameter values in the quoted string are applied to all channels allocated
during the RMAN session. These values are applied before any parameter values
specified in send commands within the RMAN script itself. “Precedence rules”
on page 215 provides more information.
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RMAN Commands
Precedence rules
Parameters are set for channels allocated during the RMAN session in the following
order:
1. In the parms option in the allocate channel or configure channel command
(configure channel is used only for automatic channel allocation).
2. In the rman send command on the operating system command line.
3. In the send command in the run job of the RMAN script.
! IMPORTANT
If both the send command on the operating system command line and the send
option in the configure channel command are used at the same time, only the send
option in the configure channel command is executed by Oracle.
To prevent confusion and simplify the task of setting parameters in a specific order,
do not mix these different ways of setting parameters in the same RMAN session.
In the following example, the parameters NSR_SERVER and NSR_CLIENT are set in
this order:
◆ NSR_SERVER is set to server1 (by rman send), changed to server2 (by the first
send command), and finally changed to server3 (by send channel).
◆ NSR_CLIENT is set to client1 (by rman send), changed to client2 (by the first
send command), and finally changed to client3 (by send channel):
rman send ”’NSR_ENV=(NSR_SERVER=server1, NSR_CLIENT=client1)’”
(RMAN script:)
run {
allocate channel t1 type ’SBT_TAPE’;
send ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_SERVER=server2, NSR_CLIENT=client2)’;
send channel t1 ’NSR_ENV=(NSR_SERVER=server3,
NSR_CLIENT=client3)’;
:
}
Note: NMO supports the generation of backup copies for manual backups only, not for
scheduled backups.
Table 12 on page 216 describes the results of setting duplex to each of the valid
values.
set duplex=2 Two copies of the backup set are directed to the separate pools specified by
or NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL and NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL1.
set duplex=on These two pools must be different.
set duplex=3 Three copies of the backup set are directed to the separate pools specified by
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL, NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL1, and
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL2.
These three pools must be different.
set duplex=4 Four copies of the backup set are directed to the separate pools specified by
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL, NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL1,
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL2, and NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL3.
These four pools must be different.
Note: The set duplex command is deprecated by Oracle. “Backup copies” on page 27 provides
information on additional Oracle commands to use for backup set duplexing during manual
backups.
During an Oracle restore, RMAN selects only one of the copies to use, and if it fails
for some reason, the restore fails. If the first copy of a backup piece cannot be found in
NMO, RMAN issues the following type of error message:
RMAN-10035: exception raised in RPC: ORA-19507: failed to retrieve
sequential file, handle="CH2_bkup3_1_1"
To force RMAN to use the duplexed copy of this missing backup piece, run the
change...crosscheck, crosscheck, or change backuppiece...unavailable command
and retry the restore. These commands cause RMAN to mark the missing backup
piece as expired (“Retention policies” on page 38 provides a definition of expired) and
to use the duplexed copy for the restore operation.
216 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
RMAN Commands
218 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
C
Troubleshooting and
Error Messages
Troubleshooting tips
The following list of troubleshooting tips refers to sections of this administration
guide and the NetWorker Module for Oracle installation guide. Use the following list
to troubleshoot any problems in running Oracle backup and restore operations with
NetWorker Module for Oracle (NMO).
To set up an Oracle backup and restore system correctly:
1. Verify that the combination of the operating system, Oracle Server, NetWorker
server, and NetWorker client is supported.
The NetWorker Module for Oracle installation guide provides information on
installation requirements.
2. Configure the Oracle Server and Net service (if used) according to the
instructions in the Oracle documentation. “Verify the Oracle Server
configuration” on page 63 provides more information.
Without NMO installed on the Oracle Server host, it should be possible to
perform a backup and restore by using the allocate channel t1 type disk
command.
3. Install and configure the NetWorker server and client software.
The following sources provide more information:
• NetWorker installation guide
• NetWorker administration guide
• Chapter 2, “Software Configuration”
4. Install and enable the NMO software according to the instructions in the
NetWorker Module for Oracle installation guide.
To relink the library file on UNIX, use the linking commands listed in the
installation guide. Use the correct libnwora.* library file.
To verify the version of NMO installed, check the version of the nsrnmostart
program file or libnwora.* library file:
• On UNIX, use one of the following commands, where filenm is either the
nsrnmostart or libnwora.* filename:
what filenm
strings filenm | grep “@(#)”
pkginfo -l LGTOnmo (Solaris only)
• On Windows:
a. Find the nsrnmostart.exe or libwora.dll file.
b. Right-click the file icon and select Properties.
c. In the Properties window, click the Version tab and view the file version
information.
Compare the library file with the libnwora.* file in the NMO software package;
the two files should be identical. Ensure that Oracle is not linked to another
libnwora.*, libobk.* (NetWorker BusinesSuite Module for Oracle version of
libnwora.*), or liblsm.* (from Legato Storage Manager or Legato Single Server
Version) file.
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Troubleshooting and Error Messages
5. Perform a manual Oracle backup by using NMO and the proper RMAN script.
Set the required NSR* parameters in either the RMAN backup script or the rman
send command on the operating system command line. Appendix A,
“Parameters in an RMAN Session,” provides information on how to set the NSR*
parameters. “RMAN scripts for manual backups” on page 75 provides a simple
startup RMAN script.
If the manual backup fails, check the debug files for NMO and the NetWorker
server. For NMO debug information, set the parameters NSR_DEBUG_FILE and
NSR_DEBUG_LEVEL. “NMO error messages” on page 222 provides more
information.
If the backup fails with the following error, ensure that both NMO and Oracle
have the same bitness, and refer to the RMAN user guide for details on how to
test that the media management library is integrated correctly:
ORA-19554: error allocating device, device type: SBT_TAPE, device
name:
ORA-27211: Failed to load Media Management Library
Additional information: 25
6. Perform a scheduled Oracle backup by using NMO and the proper RMAN and
nsrnmo scripts.
In the working RMAN manual backup script, add the connect target and connect
rcvcat commands, as described in “RMAN scripts for scheduled backups” on
page 77. Customize the nsrnmo script, as described in “Customize the nsrnmo
script” on page 79.
If the manual backup succeeds but the scheduled backup fails, set the parameter
NSR_SB_DEBUG_FILE to generate debug information for the scheduled backup.
“RMAN error messages” on page 221 provides more information.
Note: During a backup on AIX or Windows, if an NMO parameter is set to an invalid value, the
resulting error message might be truncated in the RMAN output. This is due to an Oracle
RMAN limitation.
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Troubleshooting and Error Messages
The NetWorker server also writes diagnostic information from the manual or
scheduled Oracle backup to specific log files on the NetWorker server. The
NetWorker administration guide provides more information on these log files.
NMO error messages can be grouped into categories, according to the program that
generates the message and the message format:
◆ “Error messages from the libnwora library” on page 223
◆ “Error messages from the nsrnmoadmin program” on page 231
◆ “Error messages from the nsrnmoinfo program” on page 233
◆ “Error messages from the nsrnmoprobe program” on page 235
◆ “Error messages from the nsrnmostart program” on page 236
Note: The library name libnwora applies to UNIX. On Windows, the corresponding library is
named orasbt.dll.
A connection to NW server 'server' could not NMO could not connect to the NetWorker client Take the corrective action suggested by the error
be established because 'reason'. file index due to the given reason. The client message.
might not be configured as a client on the server.
Attempted to restore file 'filename' to raw A proxy restore of a regular file to a raw device Do not attempt to restore a regular file to a raw
device 'device_name'. was attempted. This type of restore is not device.
supported.
Attempted to restore raw device A proxy restore of a raw device file to a regular file Do not attempt to restore a raw device file to a
'device_name' to file 'filename'. was attempted. This type of restore is not regular file.
supported.
Cannot back up object object_name with The RMAN backup command included the proxy When the backup command includes the proxy
proxy copy. only option, but the object object_name did not only option, ensure that the object object_name
reside on a primary storage device that the resides on a primary storage device that the
PowerSnap Module supports. PowerSnap Module supports.
Could not create the LNM index lock file NMO failed to create the lock file required for an Report the error number (errno) to Technical
'filename' (errno) index deletion operation. Support.
Could not decode the 'sf_check' value: xdrs = This is an internal XDR error caused by a network Report the error to Technical Support.
0xvalue read or write operation.
Could not decode the 'sf_magic' value: xdrs = This is an internal XDR error caused by a network Report the error to Technical Support.
0x%value read or write operation.
Could not decode the 'sf_more' flag: xdrs = This is an internal XDR error caused by a network Report the error to Technical Support.
0xvalue read or write operation.
Could not find the nsrsnapck binary. During an index removal for a proxy backup, NMO Ensure that the parameter NSR_NWPATH is set
could not locate the nsrsnapck binary, which is correctly.
probably in a nondefault location.
Could not locate the LNM save file NMO could not locate an index record for the Use the mminfo and nsrinfo commands to verify
'backup_piece_name' on server 'server'. backup piece. The index record is probably the status of the index record.
missing.
Could not locate the LNM save time NMO could not locate an index record for the save Use the mminfo and nsrinfo commands to verify
'save_time' on server 'server'. time in the client file index. The index record is the status of the index record.
probably missing.
Could not lock 'filename' for index deletion. NMO was able to create the lock file required for Report the error number (errno) to Technical
There were number attempts. (errno) an index deletion operation, but could not lock the Support.
file after the given number of attempts.
Could not lstat - filename The lstat() system call failed. The file filename Ensure that the file is an existing file with valid
either did not exist or had invalid permissions. permissions.
Could not lstat secondary link - filename The lstat() system call failed. The file filename Ensure that the symbolic link points to an existing
was a symbolic link that pointed to a file that either file with valid permissions.
did not exist or had invalid permissions.
Could not obtain NSR_ORACLECAT_MODE The error was caused by one of the following Based on the condition, perform one of the
from NWORA resource file. conditions: following:
• The NWORA resource file does not exist. • If the NWORA resource file does not exist,
• The NWORA resource file has incorrect create the file.
permissions. • Ensure that the NWORA resource file has
• The NWORA resource file is corrupted. correct permissions.
• If the NWORA resource file is corrupted,
re-create the file.
“The NWORA resource file” on page 183 provides
more information.
Could not read link - pathname A proxy backup failed due to the pathname that Before a proxy backup, ensure that any symbolic
was an invalid symbolic link. link is a valid link.
Direct saves are not enabled. NMO attempted to connect to an old release of Update the NetWorker server software to a release
NetWorker server software that is no longer supported by NMO 5.0. The EMC Information
supported. Protection Software Compatibility Guide on the
Powerlink website provides details on the
supported server releases.
Error creating staging directory 'directory'. During a proxy restore of a regular file, the Ensure that the destination directory has valid
permissions of the destination directory were permissions for a proxy restore.
possibly invalid. NMO was not able to create the
required staging subdirectory, .nworapc.
Error in mmdb lookup by time: reason A lookup in the media database failed for the Use the mminfo command to verify the status of
given reason. the media database record. Take the corrective
action suggested by the error message.
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Troubleshooting and Error Messages
Exceeded the number of retries. The NMO could not contact the NetWorker index Restart the NetWorker services on the server, as
NetWorker server may be down or service nsrindexd. This was probably caused by required.
unreachable. the NetWorker services being shutdown.
Exceeded the number of retries for nsr_init(). After a maximum of five attempts, NMO failed to Restart the NetWorker services on the server, as
The NetWorker server may be down or call the NetWorker core function, nsr_init(). This required.
unreachable. was probably caused by the NetWorker services
being shut down.
Exceeded the number of retries for nsr_start(). After a maximum of five attempts, NMO failed to Restart the NetWorker services on the server, as
The NetWorker server may be down or call the NetWorker core function, nsr_start(). This required.
unreachable. was probably caused by the NetWorker services
being shut down.
Invalid browse and retention policies. Values The NSR_SAVESET_BROWSE and Ensure that the parameters
Ignored. NSR_SAVESET_RETENTION parameters both NSR_SAVESET_BROWSE and
had invalid time values. NSR_SAVESET_RETENTION in the RMAN script
both have valid values in the NetWorker date
format.
Invalid browse policy browse_time. Value The NSR_SAVESET_BROWSE parameter had Ensure that the parameter
Ignored. an invalid time value, browse_time. NSR_SAVESET_BROWSE in the RMAN script
has a valid value in the NetWorker date format.
Invalid KEY word The syntax of the string in the RMAN send “The send command” on page 211 provides the
command was incorrect. correct send command syntax.
Invalid retention policy: retention_time. Value The NSR_SAVESET_RETENTION parameter Ensure that the parameter
Ignored. had an invalid time value, retention_time. NSR_SAVESET_RETENTION in the RMAN script
has a valid value in the NetWorker date format.
Invalid source path argument A proxy backup failed due to an invalid source Perform a proxy backup with a valid source
pathname. pathname only.
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOLn is not set. Multiple copies of the backup data were When multiple copies of backup data are
requested, but the required requested, set the required
NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL parameters were NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL parameters.
not set. In the message, n was replaced by a “NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL” on page 202
number corresponding to the missing pool provides more information.
parameter.
nsrsnapck_binary_name process failed with During an index removal for a proxy backup, the Report the error to Technical Support.
error - reason nsrsnapck binary failed. The binary name is
nsrsnapck on UNIX and nsrsnapck.exe on
Windows.
ORA-19511: Error received from media An NMO backup failed because a valid NWORA If you do not use the wizard to configure a
manager layer, error text: resource file does not exist or is not available. scheduled backup with save set bundling, use the
Could not create the NWORA resource lock nsrnmoadmin command to create a valid
file (13) (103:105:13) NWORA resource file, according to instructions in
Chapter 2 or 7 of this administration guide.
Oracle pools are not supported NMO does not support Oracle pools. NMO Remove the pool option of the backup command
supports NetWorker pools only. in the RMAN script or set the pool option to zero.
“The pool option of the backup command” on
page 210 provides more information.
Path pathname is too long. A proxy backup failed because the given Ensure that any pathname involved in a proxy
pathname exceeded the limit of 1,024 bytes. backup does not exceed 1,024 bytes.
pb_init() failed with (reason): invalid BRCAPI The version number of the BRC API that was Report the error to Technical Support.
version reported by the PowerSnap Module was
corrupted.
Proxy copy is not supported. A proxy operation was attempted on a platform Do not attempt a proxy operation on an
that NMO does not support for proxy operations. unsupported platform. The EMC Information
Protection Software Compatibility Guide on the
Powerlink website provides details on supported
platforms.
'string' should be in format: KEY=(xxxxx) The syntax of the string in the RMAN send “The send command” on page 211 provides the
command was incorrect. correct send command syntax.
The ASDF body could not be unwrapped. The incoming recover stream of data could not be Report the error to Technical Support.
decoded due to a possible network error or data
corruption.
The backup file already exists: NMO could not complete the backup because the Change the format option string of the RMAN
backup_piece_name backup piece name already existed in the command to produce a unique backup piece
NetWorker client file index. name, or remove obsolete backup pieces. Then
restart the backup operation.
The BRC API did not return an error string for An unknown error occurred during a BRC API Report the error to Technical Support.
the SBTPC object: object_name function call by the PowerSnap Module.
The BRC status of logical object 'filename' The PowerSnap Module reported a failure during Report the error to Technical Support.
was failure: file_status a proxy backup of the file filename.
The call to nsr_init() failed with the message: A call of the NetWorker core function, nsr_init(), Take the corrective action suggested by the error
reason failed due to the given reason. message. If required, report the error to Technical
Support.
The call to nsr_start() failed with the message: A call of the NetWorker core function, nsr_rtart(), Take the corrective action suggested by the error
reason failed due to the given reason. message. If required, report the error to Technical
Support.
The call to pb_environment() failed with error: During a proxy operation, a pb_environment() Take the corrective action suggested by the error
reason function call failed due to the given reason. message. If required, report the error to Technical
Support.
The call to pb_open() failed with error: During a proxy operation, a pb_open() function Take the corrective action suggested by the error
reason call failed due to the given reason. message. If required, report the error to Technical
Support.
The call to pb_prepare() failed with error: During a proxy operation, a pb_prepare() function Take the corrective action suggested by the error
reason call failed due to the given reason. message. If required, report the error to Technical
Support.
The call to pb_status() failed for object During a proxy operation, a pb_status() function Take the corrective action suggested by the error
'object_name' with the error: call failed due to the given reason. message. If required, report the error to Technical
reason Support.
The call to pb_status() for object During a proxy operation, a pb_status() function Take the corrective action suggested by the error
'object_name' failed with error: call failed due to the given reason. message. If required, report the error to Technical
reason Support.
The canonical OS file name path is invalid: The operating system filename specified for a Ensure that the file pathname specified for a proxy
filename proxy operation was not a valid pathname. operation is a valid full pathname that is not a
directory.
The current time could not be obtained (errno). NMO could not obtain the current time due to an Report the operating system error (errno) to the
operating system error. appropriate vendor.
The data could not be XDR'd from the stream. The incoming recover stream of data could not be Report the error to Technical Support.
decoded due to a possible network error or data
corruption.
226 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Troubleshooting and Error Messages
The data source is neither a file or a RAW The file filename involved in a proxy backup was Ensure that filename is either a regular file or raw
volume - filename not recognized as a regular file or raw volume. For volume, as required for proxy backups.
proxy backups, NMO supports only regular files
and raw volumes.
The destination does not have the same A proxy restore of a raw device was attempted to Perform a proxy restore of the raw device to a
terminating name as the source a location with a different basename from the location with the same basename as the
'device_name'. backed-up source. For example, c1t2d0s2 is the backed-up source.
basename (or terminating name) of
/dev/rdsk/c1t2d0s2.
The file being recovered could not be found in During a proxy restore, an error occurred at the Ensure that there are no permission or other
its staging location: filename point where the file filename was to be moved problems with the destination directory and the
from the staging directory .nworapc to the staging directory .nworapc, and then restart the
destination directory. proxy restore. If the error recurs, report it to
Technical Support.
The file 'filename' cannot be removed from the During a proxy restore of the file filename, a file Remove the file file_name from the .nworapc
staging directory (errno). with the same name was found in the .nworapc subdirectory, and restart the proxy restore.
subdirectory, probably left there by a previous
failed restore. The errno is the error number from
the failed attempt to remove the existing file.
The function mm_retrieve() failed with the During a restore, a call of the NetWorker core Take the corrective action suggested by the error
error: reason function, mm_retrieve(), failed due to the given message. If required, report the error to Technical
reason. Support.
The function nsr_bind_recov_mm() failed with During a restore, a call of the NetWorker core Take the corrective action suggested by the error
the error: reason function, nsr_bind_recov_mm(), failed due to the message. If required, report the error to Technical
given reason. Support.
The function nsr_end() failed with the error A call of the NetWorker core function, nsr_end(), Take the corrective action suggested by the error
message: reason failed due to the given reason. message. If required, report the error to Technical
Support.
The function nsr_rstart() failed with the error: During a restore, a call of the NetWorker core Take the corrective action suggested by the error
reason function, nsr_rstart(), failed due to the given message. If required, report the error to Technical
reason. Support.
The function sbtinit2() has already been This is an internal error caused by Oracle calling Report the error to Technical Support.
called. the function sbinit2() twice.
The functions sbtinit() or sbtinit2() have not This is an internal error caused by Oracle not Report the error to Technical Support.
been called. calling the two SBT initialization routines.
The index entry failed the cross check: During an index lookup, the entry was located in Restart the NetWorker services, and use the
cfx_name(backup_piece_name) the client file index but not in the media database. mminfo and nsrinfo commands to verify the
save_time(save_time) backup information in the indexes. Run the nsrck
program to resolve any corruption of the indexes.
The lookup of 'backup_piece_name' on server NMO could not locate backup_piece_name in the Run the nsrck program to resolve any corruption
'server' failed - 'reason' indexes due to the reason. The indexes might be of the indexes.
corrupted.
The name of the NSR client could not be The name of the NetWorker client could not be Set the parameter NSR_CLIENT to the NetWorker
determined. determined. client name by using the send command.
The name of the NSR server could not be The name of the NetWorker server could not be Set the parameter NSR_SERVER to the
determined. determined. NetWorker server name by using the send
command.
The NMO BRCAPI version version is outside NMO release 5.0 does not support the Ensure that a supported release of the PowerSnap
the range supported by the BRC service: PowerSnap Module release that was used for a Module is installed. The EMC Information
earliest_version - latest_version proxy operation. Protection Software Compatibility Guide on the
Powerlink website provides details on supported
releases.
The NSR client name could not be The name of the NetWorker client could not be Set the parameter NSR_CLIENT to the NetWorker
determined. determined. client name by using the send command.
The NSR server name could not be The name of the NetWorker server could not be Set the parameter NSR_SERVER to the
determined. determined. NetWorker server name by using the send
command.
The NSR_CLIENT parameter was not set. The name of the NetWorker client could not be Set the parameter NSR_CLIENT to the NetWorker
determined. client name by using the send command.
The NSR_DMO_BENCHMARK_1 parameter is The undocumented parameter Do not set the unsupported
no longer supported. NSR_DMO_BENCHMARK_1 was specified, but it parameter NSR_DMO_BENCHMARK_1.
is no longer supported.
The NSR_SERVER parameter was not set. The name of the NetWorker server could not be Set the parameter NSR_SERVER to the
determined. NetWorker server name by using the send
command.
The NW authentication for client 'client' was NMO could not obtain the required authentication Take the corrective action suggested by the error
refused by server 'server' because 'reason'. to connect to the NetWorker client file index due message.
to the given reason. The client might not be
configured as a client on the server.
The NW client has not been set. The name of the NetWorker client could not be Set the parameter NSR_CLIENT to the NetWorker
determined. client name by using the send command.
The NW server does not have a valid NMO The NetWorker server attempted a proxy Ensure that the NetWorker server has the required
proxy copy license. operation without the required license. license for the proxy operation.
The NW server has not been set. The name of the NetWorker server could not be Set the parameter NSR_SERVER to the
determined. NetWorker server name by using the send
command.
The NWORA file ID could not be XDR'd. This is an internal XDR error caused by a network Report the error to Technical Support.
xdrm: 0xvalue read or write operation.
NWORA fid: 0xvalue
ssid: 0xvalue
ssoff: 0xvalue
The NWORA resource file does not exist. A proxy backup failed because the NWORA Create the NWORA resource file by using the
Please create it with nsrnmoadmin. resource file did not exist. nsrnmoadmin command, and restart the proxy
backup. “The NWORA resource file” on page 183
provides details.
The NWORA resource lock file does not exist. A proxy backup failed because the NWORA Create the NWORA resource lock file by using the
Please create it by running 'nsrnmoadmin -r resource lock file did not exist. nsrnmoadmin -r list command, and restart the
list' proxy backup. “The NWORA resource file” on
page 183 provides details.
The NWORA resource In the NWORA resource file, Set the value of NSR_ORACLECAT_MODE to
NSR_ORACLECAT_MODE is in the NSR_ORACLECAT_MODE was set to the default either enabled or disabled (as required) by using
'undetermined' state. value of undetermined. the nsrnmoadmin command.
The object 'filename' is not a file. A proxy backup failed because the file filename is Perform a proxy backup of a supported type of
not a data file—neither a raw file nor a regular file. data file only.
228 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Troubleshooting and Error Messages
The ORACLE_SID must be set when During a scheduled proxy backup, the parameter In the nsrnmo script, set the parameter
performing proxy copy backups. ORACLE_SID was not set in the nsrnmo script. ORACLE_SID to the SID value of the Oracle
database.
The OS file name has been specified multiple This is an internal Oracle error caused by Oracle Report the error to Technical Support.
times by Oracle: filename specifying the same filename twice during a proxy
operation.
The parameter file cannot be open: filename The configuration file specified by the parameter Ensure that the value specified by the parameter
NSR_PROXY_PFILE could not be opened. The NSR_PROXY_PFILE is a valid pathname of the
file should contain PowerSnap parameter settings configuration file.
for a proxy backup or restore.
The pb_cancel() call for object 'object_name' The pb_cancel() function call failed during a proxy Report the error to Technical Support.
returned the error message: operation.
error
The pb_inquiry() call failed for object The pb_inquiry() function call failed during a proxy Report the error to Technical Support.
'object_name': operation.
error
The pb_inquiry() for object 'object_name' The pb_inquiry() function call failed during a proxy Report the error to Technical Support.
failed because: operation.
error
The pb_inquiry() of object 'object_name' The pb_inquiry() function call failed during a proxy Report the error to Technical Support.
returned error: operation.
error
The pb_restore() for object 'object_name' The pb_restore() function call failed during a Report the error to Technical Support.
failed with error: proxy operation.
error
The pb_save() of object 'object_name' The pb_save() function call failed during a proxy Report the error to Technical Support.
returned error: operation.
error
The pb_snapshot() call for object The pb_snapshot() function call failed during a Report the error to Technical Support.
'object_name' failed with error: proxy operation.
error
The record obtained has the wrong save time NMO located an index record in the client file Restart the NetWorker services, and run the nsrck
'save_time1'. The save time queried was index, but it had an unexpected save time. The program to resolve any corruption of the indexes.
'save_time2'. indexes might be corrupted.
The removal of SSID 'save_set_id' failed with An index deletion operation failed for the given Use the mminfo and nsrinfo commands to verify
error: reason reason. the status of the index record. If required, report
the error to Technical Support.
The restore destination path is not valid: During a proxy restore operation, NMO found the Ensure that the specified restore destination is a
filename specified restore destination, filename, to be valid pathname.
invalid.
The restore operation for the file failed for an During a proxy restore, an error occurred at the Ensure that there are no permission or other
unknown reason: filename point where the file filename was to be moved problems with the destination directory and the
from the staging directory .nworapc to the staging directory .nworapc, and then retry the
destination directory. proxy restore. If the error occurs again, report it to
Technical Support.
The savefile_fini() call failed. reason During a restore, a call of the NetWorker core Take the corrective action suggested by the error
function, savefile_fini(), failed due to the given message. If required, report the error to Technical
reason. Support.
The SBTPC object could not determine the During a proxy restore operation, NMO was Report the error to Technical Support.
destination of the restore. unable to determine where to restore the file.
The SBTPC object is not in the During a proxy operation, NMO and the Report the error to Technical Support.
PB_TYPE_PREPARE state: object_name PowerSnap Module became unsynchronized as
to the status of the object object_name.
The SBTPC object is not in the During a proxy operation, NMO and the Report the error to Technical Support.
SBTPCSTATUS_NOTREADY state: PowerSnap Module became unsynchronized as
object_name to the status of the object object_name.
The SBTPC object 'object_name' failed with The proxy backup or restore of a file failed during Report the error to Technical Support.
the error message: a PowerSnap Module operation, for the given
reason reason.
The SBTPC object 'object_name' is entering During a proxy operation, NMO and the Report the error to Technical Support.
the SBTPCSTART backup state but its BRC PowerSnap Module became unsynchronized as
type is: type to the status of the object object_name.
The SBTPC object 'object_name' is entering During a proxy operation, NMO and the Report the error to Technical Support.
the SBTPCSTART restore state but its BRC PowerSnap Module became unsynchronized as
type is: type to the status of the object object_name.
The SBTPC object 'object_name' is entering During a proxy operation, NMO and the Report the error to Technical Support.
the SBTPCSTART state but its status is: PowerSnap Module became unsynchronized as
status to the status of the object object_name.
The SBTPC object 'object_name' is leaving During a proxy operation, NMO and the Report the error to Technical Support.
the BRC prepare state but its status is: status PowerSnap Module became unsynchronized as
to the status of the object object_name.
The SBTPC object 'object_name' is leaving During a proxy operation, NMO and the Report the error to Technical Support.
the BRC save state but its status is: status PowerSnap Module became unsynchronized as
to the status of the object object_name.
The SBTPC object 'object_name' is leaving During a proxy operation, NMO and the Report the error to Technical Support.
the BRC snapshot state but its status is: status PowerSnap Module became unsynchronized as
to the status of the object object_name.
The SBTPC object 'object_name' was aborted The PowerSnap Module terminated the proxy Examine the PowerSnap Module logs for a
by the BRC service. Please check the operation. possible reason for the termination.
PowerSnap logs for an explanation.
The sbtpccommit() function was called during This is an internal Oracle error that occurred Report the error to Technical Support.
restore. during a proxy restore.
The sfhead could not be XDR'd. This is an internal XDR error caused by a network Report the error to Technical Support.
write operation.
The SS browse time is not in the future: The specified browse policy time was in the past. Ensure that the browse policy time is set correctly.
current time: current_time This might be due to a problem with the operating If required, ensure that the operating system time
browse: browse_time system time setting. is set correctly.
The SS retention time is not in the future: The specified retention policy time was in the Ensure that the retention policy time is set
current time: current_time past. This might be due to a problem with the correctly. If required, ensure that the operating
retention: rentention_time operating system time setting. system time is set correctly.
The staging directory 'directory' has invalid During a proxy restore, NMO was unable to write Ensure that the staging directory has valid
permissions (errno). to the staging directory, directory. The errno is the permissions for a proxy restore.
error number from the function call that failed.
230 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Troubleshooting and Error Messages
The UNIX attributes could not be XDR'd. This is an internal XDR error caused by a network Report the error to Technical Support.
xdrm: 0xvalue read or write operation.
ua: 0xvalue
There are no SBTPC objects that have not This is an internal error during a proxy operation Report the error to Technical Support.
returned their status. caused by Oracle expecting more files to be
processed whereas NMO has completed its file
processing.
This backup piece name is already used in the This is an Oracle error caused by Oracle Report the error to Technical Support.
SBTPC session: backup_piece_name specifying the same backup piece name twice
during a proxy operation.
Command line arguments are not understood. The nsrnmoadmin command included one or Use the nsrnmoadmin command with the correct
more invalid options. options. “Configuring the NWORA resource file
with the nsrnmoadmin program” on page 188
provides details.
Could not create the NWORA resource file The nsrnmoadmin command could not create Ensure that valid permissions exist to allow the
(errno) the NWORA resource file, possibly due invalid nsrnmoadmin command to create the NWORA
permissions. resource file. “The NWORA resource file” on
page 183 provides details.
Could not create the NWORA resource lock The nsrnmoadmin command could not obtain Report the error to Technical Support.
file (errno) the required lock file in the /nsr/tmp or
NetWorker_install_path\tmp directory. The lock
file is required for accessing the NWORA
resource file.
Could not open resource file 'filename' (errno). The nsrnmoadmin command could not open the Verify that the NWORA resource file exists and
NWORA resource file, possibly due invalid has valid permissions. If required, create or repair
permissions. the file by using the nsrnmoadmin command, or
modify the file permissions.
No command line parameters are set. The nsrnmoadmin command options were Use the nsrnmoadmin command with the correct
missing. options.
NSR_ORACLECAT_MODE can only be set to In the nsrnmoadmin command, the In the nsrnmoadmin command, set the
'enabled', 'disabled' or 'undetermined'. NSR_ORACLE_CAT_MODE parameter resource NSR_ORACLE_CAT_MODE parameter resource
was set to a value other than enabled, disabled, to enabled or disabled for instant backups.
or undetermined. “Configuring the NWORA resource file with the
nsrnmoadmin program” on page 188 provides
details.
NSR_REMOVE_ON_FAILURE can only be In the nsrnmoadmin command, the In the nsrnmoadmin command, set the
set to 'TRUE' or 'FALSE'. NSR_REMOVE_ON_FAILURE parameter NSR_REMOVE_ON_FAILURE parameter
resource was set to a value other than TRUE or resource to either TRUE or FALSE only.
FALSE.
NWORA parameter resources must be In the nsrnmoadmin command, an NWORA In the nsrnmoadmin command, specify the
specified in the 'ResourceName parameter resource name and value were not NWORA parameter resource name and value in
ResourceValue' format. specified in the correct format. the correct format.
NWORA SID resource must be specified In the nsrnmoadmin command with the -r delete In the nsrnmoadmin command with the -r delete
when doing deletion. option, the SID value of an Oracle database was option, specify the correct SID value.
not specified.
The '-r' flag cannot be set multiple times. The nsrnmoadmin command contained more Use the nsrnmoadmin command with only one -r
than one -r option. option.
The '-r' option requires an NWORA resource The nsrnmoadmin command with the -r option In the nsrnmoadmin command with the -r option,
specification. did not include the required resource specify the required resource name and value.
specification.
The '-r' option requires either an 'add', In the nsrnmoadmin command, the -r option did In the nsrnmoadmin command, include one of the
'update', 'list' or 'delete' option. not include one of the required keywords: add, required keywords with the -r option. “Configuring
update, list, or delete. the NWORA resource file with the nsrnmoadmin
program” on page 188 provides details.
The first NWORA resource is not a header The NWORA resource file is probably corrupted. Verify the contents of the NWORA resource file. If
(errno). required, repair the resource file by using the
nsrnmoadmin command.
The NWORA resource file does not contain The NWORA resource file does not contain the Verify the contents of the NWORA resource file. If
the NSR_NWPATH resource. mandatory NSR_NWPATH parameter resource. required, repair the resource file by using the
The file might be corrupted. nsrnmoadmin command.
The NWORA resource file does not exist. The NWORA resource file does not yet exist. Create the NWORA resource file by using the
nsrnmoadmin command.
The NWORA resource named The nsrnmoadmin command specified the name In the nsrnmoadmin command, specify a valid
'resource_name' is not found. of a resource that does not exist in the NWORA resource name from the NWORA resource file.
resource file.
The NWORA resource parameter list can only The NWORA resource file includes multiple Repair the NWORA resource file by using the
contain one entry. values for a resource, which is not supported. The nsrnmoadmin command.
file is probably corrupted. The file might have
been edited manually, which is not supported.
The NWORA resource parameter list contains The NWORA resource file contains an invalid Repair the NWORA resource file by using the
the invalid element 'resource_name'. resource name. The file is probably corrupted. nsrnmoadmin command. “Configuring the
The file might have been edited manually, which NWORA resource file with the nsrnmoadmin
is not supported. program” on page 188 provides details.
The NWORA resource parameter list for a SID The nsrnmoadmin command for creating or In the nsrnmoadmin command for creating or
requires the item1, item2 and item3 updating an NWORA SID resource was missing updating an NWORA SID resource, include the
information. the required items. required items.
The NWORA resource 'resource_name' is not The nsrnmoadmin command with the -r delete In the nsrnmoadmin command with the -r delete
a SID resource. option did not include a valid name of an NWORA option, specify a valid name of an NWORA SID
SID resource. resource.
The NWORA resource specified is not In the nsrnmoadmin command, an invalid name In the nsrnmoadmin command, specify a valid
supported: resource_name = resource_value or value were specified for an NWORA parameter name and value for an NWORA parameter
resource. resource. “NWORA parameter resources” on
page 184 provides details.
232 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Troubleshooting and Error Messages
The NWORA SID resource for 'sid_value' The nsrnmoadmin command attempted to add In the nsrnmoadmin command, specify the
already exists. an NWORA SID resource that already existed. values for a new NWORA SID resource.
The SID token 'connect' is an empty string. The nsrnmoadmin command did not include the In the nsrnmoadmin command, specify a valid
required pathname of the RMAN connection file pathname of the RMAN connection file with the
with the connect keyword. connect keyword. “Configuring the NWORA
resource file with the nsrnmoadmin program” on
page 188 provides details.
The SID token 'home' is an empty string. The nsrnmoadmin command did not include the In the nsrnmoadmin command, specify a valid
required pathname of the Oracle home directory pathname of the Oracle home directory with the
with the home keyword. home keyword.
The SID token 'ORACLE_SID' is invalid. In the nsrnmoadmin command with the sid In the nsrnmoadmin command, specify a valid
keyword, the specified SID value of the Oracle SID value with the sid keyword.
database was invalid.
The SID token 'sid' is an empty string. The nsrnmoadmin command did not include the In the nsrnmoadmin command, specify a valid
required SID value of the Oracle database with SID value with the sid keyword.
the sid keyword.
The tokens 'sid', 'home' and 'connect' must be The nsrnmoadmin command to add an NWORA In the nsrnmoadmin command to add an
set when adding a SID. SID resource did not include the settings of the NWORA SID resource, include the settings of the
mandatory sid, home, and connect keywords. sid, home, and connect keywords.
The value of the NWORA resource is missing. In the nsrnmoadmin command with the -r In the nsrnmoadmin command with the -r update
update option, the NWORA resource value was option, specify the NWORA resource value with
not specified with the resource name. the resource name.
Unrecognized argument 'option'. The nsrnmoadmin command included the Use the nsrnmoadmin command with the correct
unrecognized option option. options. “Configuring the NWORA resource file
with the nsrnmoadmin program” on page 188
provides details.
You must be the super-user to update the The nsrnmoadmin command was typed by the Type the nsrnmoadmin command as the root
NWORA resource file. wrong user. user on UNIX, or as a member of the Microsoft
Windows Administrators group.
A connection to NW server 'server' could not NMO could not connect to the NetWorker client Take the corrective action suggested by the error
be established because 'reason'. file index due to the given reason. The client message.
might not be configured as a client on the server.
Could not locate the LNM save file NMO could not locate an index record for the Use the mminfo and nsrinfo commands to verify
'backup_piece_name' on server 'server'. backup piece. The index record is probably the status of the index record.
missing.
Could not locate the LNM save time NMO could not locate an index record for the save Use the mminfo and nsrinfo commands to verify
'save_time' on server 'server'. time in the client file index. The index record is the status of the index record.
probably missing.
Error in mmdb lookup by time: reason A lookup in the media database failed for the Use the mminfo command to verify the status of
given reason. the media database record. Take the corrective
action suggested by the error message.
Exceeded the number of retries. The NMO could not contact the NetWorker index Restart the NetWorker services on the server, as
NetWorker server may be down or service nsrindexd. This was probably caused by required.
unreachable. the NetWorker services being shutdown.
The file 'filename' could not be opened. The file specified with the -f option of the Ensure that the specified file exists, and then type
nsrnmoinfo command could not be accessed. the nsrnmoinfo command again with the -f option.
The file name provided is NULL. In the nsrnmoinfo command, the -f option did not In the nsrnmoinfo command, include the required
include the required filename. filename with the -f option.
The index entry failed the cross check: During an index lookup, the entry was located in Restart the NetWorker services, and use the
cfx_name(backup_piece_name) the client file index but not in the media database. mminfo and nsrinfo commands to verify the
save_time(save_time) backup information in the indexes. Run the nsrck
program to resolve any corruption of the indexes.
The lookup of 'backup_piece_name' on server NMO could not locate backup_piece_name in the Run the nsrck program to resolve any corruption
'server' failed - 'reason' indexes due to the reason. The indexes might be of the indexes.
corrupted.
The NW authentication for client 'client' was NMO could not obtain the required authentication Take the corrective action suggested by the error
refused by server 'server' because 'reason'. to connect to the NetWorker client file index due message.
to the given reason. The client might not
configured as a client on the server.
The record obtained has the wrong save time NMO located an index record in the client file Restart the NetWorker services, and run the nsrck
'save_time1'. The save time queried was index, but it had an unexpected save time. The program to resolve any corruption of the indexes.
'save_time2'. indexes might be corrupted.
234 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Troubleshooting and Error Messages
Could not connect to the Oracle database The nsrnmoprobe program could not connect to Ensure the following:
Oracle_service at Oracle_home. the specified Oracle database. • The connection strings (database username
and password), Oracle Net service name, and
ORACLE_HOME value that nsrnmoprobe
uses are correct.
• You can manually connect to that Net service
name by using Oracle client tools, such as
sqlplus.
“Configure a probe-based backup” on page 97
provides more information.
The configuration information is not valid: The Command Options attribute in the NetWorker Correct the Command Options attribute setting in
string Probe resource was not configured properly. the NetWorker Probe resource, according to
“Configure a probe-based backup” on page 97.
The connect string was missing the user or the The RMAN connection file (specified through Edit the connection file to correct the problem.
password. NSR_ORACLE_CONNECT_FILE in the NWORA
resource file) used for the NMO probe did not
contain the username or password.
The nsrnmoprobe command does not support The nsrnmoprobe program does not support a Do not use the nsrnmoprobe program with a RAC
databases with more than one sthread. RAC database, where the database has multiple database.
threads (instances).
The nwora.res file has not been created. ORACLE_SERVICE was set in the Command Create the NWORA resource file according to the
Options attribute in the NetWorker Probe information in “Configure a probe-based backup”
resource, but the NWORA resource file did not on page 97.
exist.
The v$database_incarnation SQL statement The nsrnmoprobe program could not determine This error usually indicates that the Oracle
could not be run because: reason. the database incarnation information due to the database version is not supported. The EMC
reason given in the error message. Information Protection Software Compatibility
Guide on Powerlink provides details on the
supported Oracle database versions.
Authentication denied The lockbox that stored the database connection Use the NetWorker Management Console (NMC)
or credentials was not accessible by the super-user to ensure that the Lockbox resource is created for
Authentication denied for user username on the client where the backup failed with this the given client and the Users attribute contains
error message. the super-user of the client.
client: WARNING! The NWORA resource file The NWORA resource file could not be backed up Analyze the log_file and if it includes an error
'save' process output error messages. after a successful RMAN backup. message, take the corrective action suggested by
client: Please check the save log file for more the error message.
information: log_file
ORACLE_HOME is not defined. Cannot start ORACLE_HOME was not set properly in the Set ORACLE_HOME properly in the nsrnmo
RMAN. nsrnmo script. script.
The backup config did not contain a string. The nsrnmostart program was run with the -C Remove this Client resource, and re-create the
option, but the Backup Config attribute was not Client resource by using the backup configuration
set properly in the Client resource. wizard.
The NSR client resource for client_name does The nsrnmostart program was run with the -C Remove this Client resource, and re-create the
not contain any backup configuration. option, but the Backup Config attribute was not Client resource by using the backup configuration
set properly in the Client resource. wizard.
The temporary file 'rman_script_path' could The scheduled backup binary, nsrnmostart, Ensure that the root user on UNIX or the Windows
not be created (errno). could not create the file rman_script_path to write Administrator has "write" permissions on the
the RMAN script generated by the backup directory path of the rman_script_path file.
configuration wizard.
236 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Glossary
This glossary contains the definitions of terms found in this manual. Most of the
terms are specific to the NetWorker Module for Oracle (NMO) software. For terms
specific to the NetWorker software, refer to the latest NetWorker administration
guide.
A
? Oracle placeholder for the main directory of the Oracle database instance identified as
$ORACLE_HOME.
administrator Person who normally installs, configures, and maintains software on network
computers, and who adds users and defines user privileges.
Administrators group Microsoft Windows user group whose members have the rights and privileges of
users in other groups, plus the ability to create, modify, and manage the users and
groups in the domain.
API (application Agreed-upon set of computer library routines, protocols, and tools used to
programming communicate and accomplish tasks within software applications.
interface)
ASM (application Program that, when used in a directive, specifies the way a set of files or directories is
specific module) to be backed up and recovered.
archived redo log Archived copy of a filled online Oracle redo log that preserves older redo log data for
recovery operations. See also “redo log.”
auto media Feature that enables the storage device controlled by the NetWorker server to
management automatically label, mount, and overwrite a volume it considers unlabeled. Volumes
that are eligible for reuse are also automatically recycled.
B
backup Operation that saves data to a volume. An Oracle backup of several datafiles may
include several backup sets.
EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide 237
Glossary
Backup Operators Microsoft Windows user group whose members have the capability to log in to a
group domain from a workstation or a server, back it up, and restore the data. Backup
Operators can also shut down servers or workstations.
backup piece Binary file created during an NMO backup that corresponds to one save set and
contains Oracle backup data in an RMAN-specific format from one or more database
files. See “backup set.”
backup set Group of one or more backup pieces, created through the RMAN backup command
during an NMO backup.
bootstrap Save set that is essential for NetWorker disaster recovery procedures. The bootstrap
consists of three components that reside on the NetWorker server: the media
database, the resource database, and a server index.
browse policy NetWorker policy that specifies the time period during which backup entries for
regular Oracle backups and proxy live backups are stored in the online NetWorker
client file index and the associated backup files are readily accessible to users.
C
catalog Process that removes a proxy Oracle backup entry from the RMAN catalog when the
synchronization corresponding backup piece is removed from the NetWorker indexes. See “NWORA
resource file.”
client Computer, workstation, or fileserver whose data can be backed up and restored.
client file index Database maintained by the NetWorker server that tracks every data object, file, or
“file system” backed up. The NetWorker server maintains a single index file for each
client computer.
cluster Two or more independent network servers that operate and appear to clients as if
they are a single unit. The cluster configuration enables work to be shifted from one
server to another, providing "high availability" that allows application services to
continue despite most hardware or software failures. See also “high-availability
system.”
command line Line on a display screen, also known as a command prompt or shell prompt, where
you type software commands.
connection port Port that NetWorker processes use to perform backup and restore sessions through a
firewall.
238 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Glossary
D
daemon Process on UNIX systems that runs in the background and performs a specified
operation at predefined times or in response to certain events.
database Database instance of a third-party “DBMS” vendor. NMO backs up and restores
Oracle database files.
DBA Abbreviation for database administrator, the person that is typically responsible for
installing, configuring, and maintaining Oracle database systems.
DBMS Abbreviation for database management system, which refers to the primary
architecture of an Oracle database.
deduplication Type of backup from the client to an Avamar server (NetWorker deduplication
backup node), where the server identifies redundant data blocks on the client and backs up
only the unique blocks (not entire files) that contain changes. Only a single instance of
any unique data block is maintained on the server.
deferred live backup Type of proxy Oracle backup where an existing point-in-time copy (snapshot),
created during an instant backup, is backed up to secondary storage such as tape. The
snapshot is retained on the primary storage.
device ◆ Storage unit that reads from and writes to backup volumes (see “volume”) during
backups and restores. The storage unit can be a tape device, optical drive,
“autochanger,” or file connected to the “server” or “storage node.”
◆ When dynamic drive sharing (DDS) is enabled, refers to the access path to the
physical drive.
directive Instruction that directs NetWorker software to take special actions on a given set of
files for a specified client during a backup or recovery operation. Directives are
ignored in manual (unscheduled) backups.
drive Hardware device through which media can be read or written to. See also “device.”
E
enabler code Special code that activates the software. The enabler code that unlocks the base
features for software is called a base enabler. Enabler codes for additional features or
products (for example, library support) are called add-on enablers.
exit code Indicator that specifies whether a backup or restore session succeeded.
◆ Exit code of zero (0) indicates the session completed successfully.
◆ Nonzero exit code indicates the session did not complete successfully.
expiration date Date when the status of a volume changes from read/write to read-only.
expired save set Save set whose browse time has been reached. The save set can no longer be browsed
because it has been removed from the client file index.
EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide 239
Glossary
F
failover Safeguard capability that automatically switches activity from a failed or abnormally
terminated computer server, disk drive, or network to a redundant standby server,
drive, or network, with little or no disruption of service. Failover is a feature of
systems that require high reliability and continuous availability.
file system ◆ Software interface used to save, retrieve, and manage files on storage media by
providing directory structures, data transfer methods, and file association.
◆ Entire set of all files.
fileserver Computer with disks that provides services to other computers on the network.
firewall System designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a private network. All
messages entering or leaving the intranet pass through the firewall, which examines
each message and blocks those that do not meet the specified security criteria. There
are several types of firewall techniques. The NetWorker software supports client
backups from computers that are protected by packet filtering.
G
group Client or group of client computers that are configured to back up files at a
designated time of day.
H
high-availability System of multiple computers configured as cluster nodes on a network that ensures
system the application services continue despite a hardware or software failure. Each cluster
node has its own IP address with private resources or disks that are available only to
that computer.
I
I18N Capability of the NMO software to operate in a non-English environment or locale
(internationalization) without itself generating non-ASCII data. After I18N is set up, NMO can process and
display non-ASCII data that is passed to it by the operating system, NetWorker
software, and Oracle software. See also “L10N (localization).”
immediate live Type of proxy Oracle backup where a point-in-time copy (snapshot) is created during
backup an instant backup and immediately backed up to secondary storage, such as tape. The
snapshot is automatically deleted from the primary storage.
index policy Policy that specifies how long file and data index entries should remain valid. Clients
specify which index policies they wish to use.
instance Combination of processes that runs each time a database starts up.
240 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Glossary
instant backup Type of proxy backup that creates a snapshot of Oracle data as a point-in-time copy
on a primary storage unit. See “proxy backup.”
instant restore Type of proxy restore that restores Oracle data from a mounted point-in-time copy
that was created during an instant backup. See “proxy restore.”
L
L10N (localization) Capability of the NMO software to generate non-ASCII character and numeric data
based on the locale of the user, and output the data to the user interface. This
capability requires the installation of the appropriate NMO language packs in
non-English locales. See also “I18N (internationalization).”
level Backup configuration option that specifies how much data is saved during a
scheduled or manual backup. An NMO backup level is specified by an RMAN
command in the RMAN backup script only:
◆ A full NMO backup backs up all of the data blocks in the database, regardless of
when they last changed.
◆ An incremental NMO backup backs up only data blocks that have changed since
the last backup.
library Hardware device containing one or more removable media drives, as well as slots for
pieces of media, media access ports, and a robotic mechanism for moving pieces of
media between these components. Libraries automate media loading and mounting
functions during backup and recovery. The term library is synonymous with
autochanger, autoloader, carousel, datawheel, jukebox, and near-line storage.
live backup One of the following two types of proxy Oracle backup:
◆ “deferred live backup”
◆ “immediate live backup”
M
manual backup Backup that a user performs from the client, also known as an unscheduled backup.
The user specifies the files, file systems, and directories to be backed up. A manual
backup does not generate a “bootstrap” save set.
media Physical storage, such as magnetic tape, optical disk, or file system, to which backup
data is written. See also “volume.”
media database Database that contains indexed entries about the storage volume location and the
lifecycle status of all data and volumes the NetWorker server manages. See also
“volume.”
media manager NetWorker database that tracks save sets stored on backup volumes.
MML (media Library of media management routines provided by the NMO software and linked
management library) with the Oracle kernel software during the installation of NMO on the Oracle Server
host.
EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide 241
Glossary
mount To make a database available for use, or to place a removable tape or disk volume
into a drive for reading or writing.
MTTR (mean time to Set time required to perform an instance or media recovery for an Oracle database.
recover) For example, you might set 10 minutes as the goal for media recovery from a disk
failure.
multiplexing NetWorker feature that permits data from more than one save set to be
simultaneously written to the same storage device.
N
NetWorker Network-based EMC software product that backs up and restores file systems.
NetWorker Module for NetWorker add-on module for the NetWorker server software that enables backups
Oracle and restores of an Oracle DBMS. See also “NMO.”
notification Message generated and sent to the NetWorker administrator about important
NetWorker events.
NWORA resource file Resource file installed during the NMO installation, which must be extended to
include specific additional resources to enable proxy Oracle backups and (optionally)
catalog synchronization.
O
offline backup Offline Oracle backup performed while the Oracle instance is shut down and
unavailable to users.
online backup Online Oracle backup performed while the Oracle instance is running and available
to users.
online indexes Databases located on the NetWorker server that contain all the information
pertaining to the client backups (“client file index”) and backup volumes (“media
database”).
operator Person who monitors the server status, loads backup volumes into storage devices,
and executes the day-to-day NetWorker tasks.
Oracle Enterprise Oracle Enterprise Manager Backup Management Tools, which include an optional
Manager graphical user interface to the RMAN utility.
Oracle10g Server Computer running an Oracle10g release 10.x DBMS. See “DBMS.”
242 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Glossary
Oracle11g Server Computer running an Oracle11g release 11.x DBMS. See “DBMS.”
override Different backup level that is used in place of the regularly scheduled backup level.
P
parallelism Method that backs up or restores data for multiple clients, or multiple save sets for
one client, at the same time.
point-in-time copy Fully usable copy of a defined collection of data, such as a consistent file system,
database, or volume, which contains an image of the data as it appeared at a single
point in time. A point-in-time (PiT) copy is also called a shadow copy or a snapshot.
A snapshot of Oracle data is created on a supported type of primary storage during
an instant backup.
policy Set of constraints that specify how long the save sets for a client are available for
recovery:
◆ For a regular Oracle backup and proxy live backup, the NetWorker Client
resource specifies a browse policy and a retention policy. The nsr_policy(5) man
page and NetWorker command reference guide provide more information.
◆ For a proxy instant backup, the NetWorker Group resource specifies a snapshot
policy that is configured with a Snapshot Policy resource. The NetWorker
PowerSnap Module documentation provides more information.
policy uniformity Consistency of the browse and retention policies in a group of co-dependent save sets
from the same scheduled backup cycle or save set bundle, enforced by NMO to
ensure that incremental backups do not persist after other backups they depend on
have expired.
PowerSnap EMC technology that provides point-in-time snapshots of data to be backed up.
Applications that are running on the host system continue to write data during the
snapshot operation, and data from open files is included in the snapshots.
PowerSnap Module EMC software module that exports services of a storage subsystem by interfacing
with vendor-specific APIs. The module is independent of applications and backup
and recovery interfaces. NMO operates with a PowerSnap Module to perform proxy
Oracle backups.
primary storage Server storage subsystem that contains the Oracle source data and any persistent
snapshot backups of the data. The NetWorker PowerSnap Module documentation
provides information on the supported types of primary storage.
EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide 243
Glossary
probe-based backup Type of scheduled backup, also known as an event-based backup, where the
NetWorker server initiates the backup only when specified conditions are met, as
determined by one or more probes.
proxy client Surrogate client that performs the NetWorker save operation for the client that
requests the backup. A proxy client is required to perform a serverless backup.
proxy client host Host used in proxy Oracle backups that is separate from the Oracle Server host, with
access to the primary storage unit. During a proxy live backup, either the Oracle
Server host or proxy client host backs up an Oracle database point-in-time copy
(snapshot) to secondary storage.
proxy backup Backup of Oracle data that creates a point-in-time copy (snapshot) on primary
storage through the PowerSnap Module. The snapshot is optionally backed up to
secondary storage, with or without deletion of the snapshot on primary storage. Two
types of proxy Oracle backup are the “instant backup” and “live backup.”
proxy restore Restore of Oracle data from a proxy Oracle backup through the PowerSnap Module.
Three types of proxy Oracle restore are the “instant restore,” “rollback restore,” and
“restore from secondary storage.”
purging Process of deleting all entries for files on a volume from the client file index, but
allowing entries for the save sets to remain in the media database.
R
RDBMS (relational Type of “DBMS” that stores data in the form of related tables.
database
management system)
recover To apply archived redo logs and online redo logs to an Oracle database to make the
database consistent with a given point in time.
Recovery Catalog Collection of Oracle database tables maintained by RMAN, including information
about Oracle backup sets and pieces, image and proxy copies, archived redo logs,
stored scripts, and the “target database” schema.
recyclable save set Save set whose browse and retention policies have expired. Recyclable save sets are
removed from the media database.
recyclable volume Volume whose data has exceeded both its browse and retention policies and is now
available to be relabeled and reused.
redo log Online log of an Oracle database, consisting of at least two redo log files (separate
from the datafiles) that record all the most current changes made in the database
instance. See also “archived redo log.”
resource Component of either the NetWorker server configuration or the NWORA resource
file:
◆ A NetWorker resource describes the NetWorker server or its clients. Devices,
schedules, clients, groups, and policies are examples of NetWorker resources.
Each resource has attributes that define its properties.
◆ The NWORA resource file contains resources that enable proxy backups and
(optionally) catalog synchronization.
244 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Glossary
resource database Database of information about each of the configured NetWorker resources.
restore Process of retrieving individual datafiles from backup storage and copying the files
to disk.
restore from Type of proxy restore that restores a proxy backup from a secondary storage
secondary storage medium, such as tape. See “proxy restore.”
retention policy NetWorker policy setting that determines how long save set entries for a regular
Oracle backup or proxy live backup are retained in the NetWorker media database
and the corresponding backup data is recoverable.
RMAN (Recovery Oracle utility that acts as an intelligent interface to Oracle databases and works with
Manager) third-party media management products, such as NMO, to back up and restore
Oracle database objects.
RMAN catalog RMAN repository that stores information about each Oracle backup piece in either a
control file of the target database or an RMAN Recovery Catalog.
RMAN script Script of RMAN commands used to perform an NMO backup or restore or an Oracle
database duplication.
rollback restore Type of proxy Oracle restore that restores a specific point-in-time copy (snapshot) of
Oracle data to the source location by using the hardware’s particular capabilities. A
rollback is a destructive save set restore. See “proxy restore.”
rollover save set Save set that is backed up to tape from a snapshot. Whether this snapshot is retained
or not depends on a snapshot policy. When a snapshot is rolled over to tape, entries
are made in the client file index and media database, which enable the save set to be
browsed for restore.
RPC (remote Protocol that the NetWorker server uses to perform client requests over a network.
procedure call)
S
save NetWorker command that backs up client files to backup volumes and makes data
entries in the online index.
save set Group of files or a file system from a single client computer, which is backed up on
storage media.
save set bundle Group of co-dependent save sets from the same scheduled backup cycle of an Oracle
database object, assembled by NMO into a bundle according to configuration
settings.
save set bundle join Creation, during an incremental scheduled NMO backup, of a combined save set
bundle from co-dependent save sets in different save set bundles.
save set bundling Process whereby NMO automatically creates a save set bundle for each scheduled
backup cycle of an Oracle database object, by grouping all the dependent save sets
from the same backup cycle into a save set bundle.
EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide 245
Glossary
save set ID Internal identification number that NetWorker software assigns to a save set.
save set status NetWorker attribute that indicates whether a save set is browsable, recoverable, or
recyclable. The save set status also indicates whether the save set was successfully
backed up.
save stream Data and save set information that is written to a storage volume during a backup. A
save stream originates from a single save set.
scanner NetWorker command used to read a backup volume when the online indexes are not
available.
scheduled backup Type of backup that is configured to start automatically at a specified time for a
group of one or more NetWorker clients. A scheduled backup generates a
“bootstrap” save set.
scheduled backup Full or level 0 backup of an Oracle database object and all the subsequent incremental
cycle backups that are dependent on the level 0 backup. If “save set bundling” is enabled, a
separate save set bundle is created for each scheduled backup cycle.
secondary storage Storage library attached to the NetWorker server or storage node, used to store
traditional or snapshot backups.
server Computer on a network that runs the NetWorker server software, contains the online
indexes, and provides backup and restore services to the clients and storage nodes on
the same network.
server index File that lists all the server files backed up during a scheduled backup.
service port Port used by a server or storage node to listen for backup and restore requests from
clients through a firewall.
shell prompt Cue for input in a shell window where you type a command.
SID (system identifier) Unique name for an Oracle database instance. This value is typically set in an
ORACLE_SID parameter.
silo Repository for holding hundreds or thousands of volumes. Silo volumes are
identified by barcodes, not by slot numbers.
skip Backup level in which designated files are skipped and not backed up. See also
“level.”
snap set Group of files, volumes, or file systems from a single client that describes the
collection of data for which a point-in-time copy is created on an external disk
subsystem, such as a storage array.
snapshot Point-in-time copy of Oracle data created on a supported type of primary storage
during an instant backup.
snapshot policy Policy configured through a NetWorker Snapshot Policy resource, to control the
lifecycle of snapshots created during instant backups. The snapshot policy specifies
the frequency of instant backups, and how long snapshots are retained before
recycling.
246 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Glossary
staging Moving data from one storage medium to a less costly medium, and later removing
the data from its original location.
stand-alone device Type of “storage device” that contains a single drive for backing up data. Stand-alone
devices cannot store or automatically load backup volumes.
storage device Hardware that reads and writes data during backup, restore, or other NetWorker
operations.
storage node Storage device physically attached to a computer other than the NetWorker server,
whose backup operations are administered from the controlling NetWorker server.
system administrator Person normally responsible for installing, configuring, and maintaining NetWorker
software.
T
tablespace Oracle database structure that consists of one or more datafiles.
target database Database that the NetWorker server backs up as a safeguard against data loss.
temporary enabler Code that enables operation of the NMO software for an additional 45 days beyond
the evaluation period.
TNS (Transparent Oracle networking technology that provides a single interface to all standard
Network Substrate) network protocols.
traditional restore Type of proxy Oracle restore, performed as a regular Oracle restore that restores a
point-in-time copy from a secondary storage medium, such as tape. See “proxy
restore.”
U
unscheduled backup See “manual backup.”
user Person who uses NetWorker software from a computer to back up and restore files.
V
versions Date-stamped collection of available backups for any single file.
volume Backup volume used to store backup data. Backup data cannot be stored on an
archive volume or a clone volume.
volume ID Internal identification that the NetWorker software assigns to a backup volume.
EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide 247
Glossary
248 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Index
A Schedule resource 87
ADDRESS_LIST parameter 144 sessions 54
Administrator attribute backup and recovery system 49, 50, 152
in Server resource 63 Backup Command attribute
Administrator program, NetWorker in Client resource 88, 170, 195, 196
Stop button 111 backup copies during manual backups 27
Administrator, NetWorker backup current control file command 132
Client resource 87, 170 Backup Snapshots attribute
Device resource 66 in Snapshot Policy resource 158
Group resource 86, 169 backup spfile command 132
Label Template resource 67 backup types
Pool resource 66, 169 archived redo log 20, 131, 147
Schedule resource 87 control file 130, 132
Server resource 63 deduplication 21, 93
Snapshot Policy resource 150, 154, 169 deferred live 150, 158, 173
User Group resource 64 immediate live 150, 156
AES encryption 122, 201 instant 150, 154, 173, 182
allocate channel command manual 21, 48, 54, 104
parms option 215 NetWorker bootstrap 48, 53, 106, 155
API, SBT 52, 57, 58 NWORA resource file 173, 176
archived redo log password file 130
backup 20, 131, 147 probe-based 23, 97
restore 148 proxy 24, 150, 154, 171
sharing across RAC nodes 147 registry files 130
attributes for resources scheduled 21, 48, 110, 154
Client resource 87 BACKUP_TAPE_IO_SLAVES parameter 216
Server resource 63 bootstrap, NetWorker 48, 53, 106, 155
autochanger 66, 105, 123 Browse Policy attribute
automatic catalog synchronization for proxy backups 181, in Client resource 88, 170
191 browse policy uniformity 37
automatic channel allocation 26, 75, 77 bundling, save set 39
B C
backup canceling
Client resource 87, 170 manual backup 107
command 165, 214 nonresponding backup 107
command (pool option) 210 proxy backup 174
command (trace option) 217 scheduled backup 78, 111
copies 27 catalog synchronization for proxy backups 181, 191
devices, multiple 47 change backuppiece...unavailable command 216
error messages 221, 222 change...crosscheck command 210, 216
Group resource 86, 169 change...delete command 192
level (full or incremental in RMAN script) 66 channel option, send command 212
EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide 249
Index
250 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Index
EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide 251
Index
252 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Index
EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide 253
Index
Recovery Catalog 49, 50, 51, 152 sbtio.log file 217, 222
restore scripts 121 Schedule attribute
scheduled backup scripts 77, 78 in Client resource 89, 170
redo logs, mirrored 130 Schedule resource 87
registry files scheduled backup 48, 110, 154
backup 130 automatic backup of client indexes and server
relocating files during proxy restores 179, 180 bootstrap 106
Remote Access attribute canceling 78, 111
in Client resource 89, 170, 195, 196 configuring Group resource 86
remote procedure call (RPC) protocol 47 configuring Schedule resource 87
resource monitoring 112
types of parameters 79, 110
Client 87, 170 postprocessing scripts 85
Device 66 preprocessing scripts 84
Group 86, 169 roadmap 110
Label Template 67 script
Pool 66, 169 nsrnmo 53, 154, 157
Schedule 87 secondary storage 150, 151
Server 63 send command 166, 200, 211
Snapshot Policy 150, 154, 169 channel option 212
User Group 64 device_type option 212
restore NSR_ENV keyword 211
archived redo log 148 precedence rules 215
command 214 Server resource
deduplication 21 attributes
determining required volumes 123 Datazone pass phrase 63
from secondary storage 151 Name 63
instant 151, 160, 177 Parallelism 63
Oracle data 20, 48, 121, 123 Server resource attributes
processes 163 Administrator 63
proxy 151, 159, 177 service
rollback 151, 160, 177, 179 nsrd 53, 54, 57, 154, 156
to a different host 126, 180 nsrexecd 53, 154
RESTORE_TYPE_ORDER parameter 168, 177, 178, 179 nsrindexd 55, 57, 155
Retain Snapshots attribute nsrmmd 54, 57
in Snapshot Policy resource 182 nsrmmdbd 55, 58, 155
Retention Policy attribute SERVICE_NAME parameter 144, 145
in Client resource 89, 170 set command 81, 200
retention policy uniformity 37 set duplex command 215, 216
RMAN setenv command 81, 200
See Recovery Manager (RMAN) SHLIB_PATH parameter 82
RMAN catalog 181 SID_LIST_LISTENER parameter 144, 145
rman command 82, 105, 126 silo 66
RMAN repository 181 snapshot 24, 150, 151, 160, 169, 170, 175
rman send command 200, 213, 215 Snapshot attribute in Group resource 171, 172
rman.exe command 105, 126 Snapshot Policy resource 150, 154, 169
roadmap Snapshot Pool attribute in Group resource 169
manual backup 104 SPFILE 130, 132
scheduled backup 110 staging 39
rollback restore 151, 160, 177, 179 Stop button
RPC (remote procedure call) 47 in NetWorker Administrator program 111
stopping
manual backup 107
S nonresponding backup 107
Save Set attribute
scheduled backup 78, 111
in Client resource 89, 170, 195
storage devices
save set bundling 39
Device resource 66
savefs command 53, 154, 156
volume pool 66, 67
savegroup completion report for proxy backup 173
Storage Nodes attribute
savegrp command 53, 106, 154, 156
in Client resource 170
SBT API 52, 57, 58
254 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide
Index
su command 84, 85
synchronization
automatic catalog 181, 191
manual catalog 191
System Backup to Tape (SBT) API 52, 57, 58
T
tablespace
manual backup 48, 54, 104
scheduled backup 48, 110, 154
target database
connection to 78
TNS_ADMIN parameter 86
trace option, backup command 217
troubleshooting
manual backup 221
NetWorker Module for Oracle 220, 221
scheduled backup 79, 221
types of backup
archived redo log 20, 131, 147
manual 48, 54, 104
NetWorker bootstrap 48, 53, 106, 155
scheduled 48, 110, 154
U
uniformity, policy 37
User Group resource 64
V
virtual cluster client, proxy backups from 195
volume pool
Default pool 78
defined 66
resource 66, 169
specifying 78
types 66
volumes, determining for restore 123
W
wizard, configuration 62
EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide 255
Index
256 EMC NetWorker Module for Oracle Release 5.0 Administration Guide