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Theory:
This triangle has internal angles 'A', 'B' and 'C', and sides of length 'a', 'b' and 'c':
If three of these six measurements are known, then it may be possible to find the other three.
This is called 'solving' the triangle, and this topic will show you how to solve triangles for the three
unknown angles when the three side lengths 'a', 'b' and 'c' are known.
A + B + C = 180º
1 of 5 04/19/2011 07:21 PM
Solve triangle - SSS http://www.teacherschoice.com.au/maths_library/t...
c² = b² + a² - 2ba cosC
We will now use an example to show how these rules are applied to solve a triangle when the three
side lengths are given.
When no angles are known, the cosine rule is the only option.
Step 1: Begin by using the cosine rule to find the largest angle.
NOTE: We find the largest angle first, because there can only be one angle in a triangle that is obtuse (greater than
90°). If a triangle has an obtuse angle, then this will be it. The reason for finding it first is that in the next step we will
use the sine rule to find the second angle. The inverse sin operation that we will use can only give us acute angles
(less than 90°), so we avoid a possible wrong answer by first eliminating the only possibility of an obtuse angle.
The largest angle is always opposite to the largest side, so this is angle 'C' in this example ...
C = cos-1(-0.25)
= 104.478º
Step 2: Use the sine rule to find one of the remaining angles.
NOTE: The sine rule is easier to use than the cosine rule.
2 of 5 04/19/2011 07:21 PM
Solve triangle - SSS http://www.teacherschoice.com.au/maths_library/t...
A = sin-1(0.484123)
= 28.955º
Step 3: Use the 'sum of internal angles' rule to find the third angle...
The Method section below shows you how Maths Helper Plus can easily solve your triangles, creating both a
labelled diagram and full working steps.
Method:
Maths Helper Plus can solve a triangle given three side lengths. Full working steps and a
labelled diagram are created. The steps below will show you how...
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Solve triangle - SSS http://www.teacherschoice.com.au/maths_library/t...
Step 1 Download the free support file... We have created a Maths Helper Plus document containing
the completed example from this topic. You can use this to practice the steps described below, and as a
starting point for solving your own problems.
NOTE: This document has already been set up to solve the example triangle as described in the 'theory'
section of this topic.
Click the 'Clear' button to remove the previous triangle, then click on the 'a' edit box. Now type
the length for side 'a' of your triangle. Repeat for 'b' and 'c'.
Click the 'Apply' button at the bottom of the edit box. The calculated values will display on the
options box.
Click the 'OK' button to close the options box. The calculations and triangle diagram will be
displayed on your screen.
4 of 5 04/19/2011 07:21 PM
Solve triangle - SSS http://www.teacherschoice.com.au/maths_library/t...
5 of 5 04/19/2011 07:21 PM