TUGAS MATA KULIAH

TUTORIAL BIOSTAT 9

Multiple Sample Inference:

Analysis of Variance andCovariance

disusun oleh:

PROGRAM STUDI S2 ILMU KESEHATAN

MASYARAKAT
UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA
YOGYAKARTA
2010

Based on an article by Ho, MS et al., Effectiveness of a

discharge education program in reductioning the severity of

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postpartum depression: A randomized controlled evaluation
study. Patient Education and Counseling 2009; 77: 68-71

1. What is an appropriate test to examine the The Edinburgh

Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at baseline between
intervention and control group?
The appropriate test to examine The Edinburg Postnatal Depression
Scale (EPDS) at baseline between intervention and control group is t-
test and chisquare

2. What is the result of the test at the baseline between

intervention and control group?
The result of the test at the baseline between intervention and
control group is “ The two groups of women were similar on the
demographic variables. No significant differences were found in age
(29.2± 3.4 vs. 29.4 ± 3.2), education, family income, working status
during their pregnancy, the plan of the pregnancy, the plan of the
pregnancy, newborn’s gender, type of feeding, and the first month
of postnatal experiences (p>0.05)”

3. Table 2 on Ho’s article can be analysis using ANOVA. What is

type of the ANOVA?
Can you perform ANOVA using results of table 1 and table 2?
If no why? and if yes how? Present the ANOVA table for this
study!
Table 2 on Ho’s article can be analysis using ANOVA one way test
using result of table1 and table2

Ho : µ6e = µ3e =µ6c = µ3c

Ha: there is one minimum difference between µ6e, µ3e, µ6c and
µ3c

Group Group Mea SD ni (ni- ni.yi2 ni.yi

Name n (Si) 1)Si2
(yi)
Experime 6 weeks 7.55 4.8 92 2131.72 5244.29 694.6
ntal (µ6e)(y1) 4 85
3 months 5.33 4.3 88 1661.43 2499.94 469.0

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 (µ3e)(y2) 7 04 3 4
Control 6 weeks 8.37 5.5 83 2480.5 5814.72 694.7
(µ6c)(y3) 0 1
3 months 7.11 4.6 80 1730.28 4049.62 568.8
(µ3c)(y4) 8 96 8
Total 34 8003.94 17603.1 2427.
3 94 03 15

The Anova table for this study :

SS df MS F p value
Betwe 428.010 3(4-1) 142.67 6.827 0.000521
en 2 01 2
Within 8003.94 339(343- 23.615 (p
94 4) <0.001)

• SS between = ∑ ni. Yi2 – (∑ ni.yi)2 = 17603.1039 – 1715.0937

= 428.0102

• SS within = ∑ (ni-1)Si2 = 8003.9494

• MS between = SS between/ k-1 = 428.0102 / 3 = 142.5701

• MS within = SS within/ n-k = 8003.9494/339 = 23.6105

• F = MS within/MS between = 142.6701/23.61.05 = 6.0273

So the calculated F is 6.0273 and the p value is 0.000321  p <

0.001 means that Ho rejected and Ha accepted which means there
is one minimum difference between µ6e, µ3e, µ6c and µ3c.

4. If the EPDS at the baseline are so much different between

intervention and control groups, what statistical method is
mostly appropriate for the analysis?
Statistical methods that mostly appropriate for the analysis is
Multiple Comparison because there are so much different between
intervention and control groups .

Ho (each pair) : there is no difference between group (i.e : µ6e =

µ3c)

Ha (each pair) : there is difference between group (i.e : µ6e≠µ3c)

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 t1-2 = y1 –y2/ ѴMS with(1/n1 + 1/n2)

df = n-k

calculated by excel function 2007

LSD t p value result

1,3827221 0,16766023
y1-2 1 6 Ho accepted
-
0,5106673
y1-3 9
0,2739926 0,78425714
y1-4 44 7 Ho accepted
-
1,8517800
y2-3 47
-
1,0841750
y2-4 75
0,7454266 0,45653037
y3-4 14 7 Ho accepted

Result there is is difference between group (µ6e≠µ6c), (µ3e≠µ6c),

(µ3e≠µ3c) means

1. there is differences between group 6 weeks experiment with 6

weeks control,

2. there is differences between group 3 months experiment with 6

weeks control,

3. there is differences between group 3 months experiment with 3

months control

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