USI.4c – West African empires of Ghana, Mali and Songhai.

Shade in the approximate region where

these three empires could be found.

African people and African goods played an important role in arousing European interest in world
interests.

Ghana, Mali and Songhai dominated West Africa from AD to AD.

Ghana, Mali and Songhai became powerful by controlling what?

Where did they control it?
Portugal and Portuguese explorers traded , such as metals and
cloth for from West African empires like Ghana, Mali and Songhai.
USI.5b – How geography affected the development of the 13 colonies. Label the map. Use this list if you
need help:

Georgia
Virginia
Massachusetts (remember, there are 2!)
Connecticut
New York (include present-day Vermont in NY)
New Jersey
Delaware
North Carolina
South Carolina
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Georgia
Pennsylvania

Color the map:

New England colonies are blue (4 colonies)

Mid-Atlantic colonies are yellow (4 colonies)

Southern colonies are green (5 colonies)

USI.5b: New England colonies: Label the four New England colonies (ignore present-day Vermont). It was
never its own colony. On the map, draw in the Appalachian Mountains. Label Boston Harbor. Using
arrows, show how the coastline is jagged. Below the map, draw a picture that shows how geography
affected how New England specialized and how their social and political life developed: rocky soil,
moderate summers, cold winters. On the map, draw pictures that show the resources found in this
region.

Natural resources:
timber, fish, deep
harbors.

Human resources:
Skilled craftsmen,
shopkeepers, and
shipbuilders

Specialization:
fishing,
shipbuilding, naval
supplies, metal
tools and
equipment

Social life:
Village and church
as the center of
life, religious
reformers and
separatists

Political and civic

life (government):
Town meetings
USI.5b: Mid-Atlantic colonies: Label the four Mid-Atlantic colonies (ignore present-day Vermont). It
was never its own colony. On the map, draw in the Appalachian Mountains. Using arrows, show where
there are coastal lowlands (harbors and bays, wide and deep rivers). Below the map, draw a picture that
shows how geography affected how the Mid-Atlantic specialized and how their social and political life
developed: rich farmlands, moderate climate. On the map, draw pictures that show the resources found
in this region.

Natural resources:
Rich farmlands, rivers

Human resources:
Unskilled and skilled
workers, fishermen

Specialization:
livestock, grains, fish

Social life:
Villages and cities,
varied and diverse
lifestyles, diverse
religions

Political and civic life

(government):
Market towns
USI.5b: Southern colonies: Label the five Southern colonies. On the map, draw in the Appalachian
Mountains. Using arrows, show the Atlantic Coastal Plain, the Piedmont, harbors and rivers. Below the
map, draw a picture that shows how geography affected how the Southern colonies specialized and
how it their social and political life developed: humid climate. On the map, draw pictures that show the
resources found in this region.

Natural resources:
fertile farmlands,
rivers, harbors

Human resources:
farmers, enslaved
African Americans

Specialization:
tobacco, rice,
cotton, indigo,
forest products
(lumber, tar and
pitch)

Social life:
Plantations
(slavery),
mansions,
indentured
servants, few
cities, few schools

Political and civic

life (government):
counties
USI.6b – European philosophers and the Declaration of Independence

• New political ideas led to a desire for independence and democratic government in the American
colonies.
• The Declaration of Independence proclaimed independence from England. It stated that people have
natural rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

Philosophies in the Declaration of Independence:

1. Key philosophies in the Declaration of Independence were based upon ideas first expressed by

2. People have certain “unalienable” rights (rights that

). These rights include ,
, and

3. People establish government to

4. Government gets its power from .
5. People have a right and a duty to
that violates their rights.
USI.7a – The Articles of Confederation

The Articles of Confederation was a constitution written during the American Revolution to establish
the powers of the new national government.

• Provided for a national government.

• Gave Congress no power to or regulate among
the states
• Provided for no
• Gave each state vote no matter how big or small
• Provided for no or branch

Draw a picture of the government under the Articles of Confederation.

USI.8b – geographic and economic motivations for moving west
Westward migration was influenced by geography and economic opportunity.
• in the eastern states
• Availability ,
• Economic opportunity
o California
o Logging
o Farming
o Freedom for
• Cheaper and faster , for instance
o
o ( Canal)
o
• Knowledge of overland trails, such as
o
o
• Belief in the right of , the idea that expansion was
for the of the country and the of the
country
Draw an advertisement to convince someone to move west, use at least 3 of the reasons stated
above: