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REMEDIAL LAW
ARRANGED BY TOPIC
We would like to seek (1997 – 2006)
the indulgence of the reader for some Bar
Questions which are improperly classified under a topic and for
some topics which are improperly or ignorantly phrased, for the
authors are just Bar Reviewees who have prepared this work while
reviewing for the Bar Exams under time constraints and within their
limited knowledge of the law. We would like to seek the reader’s
indulgence for a lot of typographical
PUP – Collegeerrors in this work.
of Law
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL PRINCIPLES........................................................................................................................................ 8
Bar by Prior Judgment vs. Conclusiveness of Judgment (1997)
.............................................................................. 8 Cause of action vs. Action (1997)
............................................................................................................................ 8 Civil Actions vs.
Special Proceedings (1998) ........................................................................................................... 8
Conciliation Proceedings; Katarungang Pambarangay vs. Pre-Trial Conference
(1999) ........................................... 8 Family Courts Act (2001)
......................................................................................................................................... 8 Interlocutory
Order (2006) ....................................................................................................................................... 8
Judgment vs. Opinion of the Court
(2006)................................................................................................................ 8 Judicial Autonomy &
Impartiality (2003) .................................................................................................................. 8
Katarungang Pambarangay; Objective (1999)
.......................................................................................................... 9 Liberal Construction; Rules of
Court (1998)............................................................................................................. 9 Remedial Law in
Phil. System of Gov’t (2006) .......................................................................................................... 9
JURISDICTION.......................................................................................................................................................
Remedial Law vs. Substantive Law (2006) 10
Jurisdiction
............................................................................................................... 9 Remedial Law; Concept
(2006) ................................................................................................................................ 9 Rights of the10
(1997).................................................................................................................................................
Accused; Validity; HIV Test (2005)
Jurisdiction vs. Venue
...................................................................................................... 9
(2006)................................................................................................................................. 10 Jurisdiction;
CTA Division vs. CTA En Banc (2006) ...............................................................................................
10 Jurisdiction; Incapable of Pecuniary Estimation
(2000).......................................................................................... 10 Jurisdiction; Incapable of
Pecuniary Estimation (2000).......................................................................................... 11
Jurisdiction; Incapable of Pecuniary Estimation
(2003).......................................................................................... 11 Jurisdiction; MTC
(2002)........................................................................................................................................
Actions; Cause of Action vs. Action (1999) 11
Jurisdiction; Office of the Solicitor
............................................................................................................ 13 Actions; Cause of Action; General
(2006)................................................................................................. 11 Jurisdiction; Ombudsman
Joinder & Splitting (1998)............................................................................................. 13 Actions;
Case
Cause Decisions of (2006)..................................................................................................
Action; Joinder of Action 12
CIVIL PROCEDURE
Jurisdiction; ..............................................................................................................................................
Probate 13
(1999)................................................................................................ 13 Actions; Cause of Action;
(2001)...................................................................................................................................
Joinder of Action (2005)................................................................................................ 12 Jurisdiction;
13 Actions;
RTC
Cause (2002) ........................................................................................................................................
of Action; Splitting (1999) 12
Jurisdiction; Subdivision
............................................................................................................. 14 Actions; Cause of Action; Homeowner
(2006).........................................................................................................
Splitting (2005) ............................................................................................................. 12 Katarungang
14 Actions;
Pambarangay; Lupon;
Cause of Actions; Motion to Dismiss; bar by prior judgment Extent of Authority;
(2002)
(2001)............................................................................
......................................................... Actions; 13 Counterclaim (2002)
................................................................................................................................ 14 Actions;
Counterclaim vs. Crossclaim
(1999)......................................................................................................... 15 Actions; Cross-Claims;
Third Party Claims (1997) ................................................................................................. 15
Actions; Derivative Suit vs. Class Suit
(2005)......................................................................................................... 16 Actions; Filing; Civil
Actions & Criminal Action (2005)........................................................................................... 16
Actions; Intervention; Requisites (2000)
................................................................................................................ 16 Actions; Real Actions &
Personal Actions (2006)................................................................................................... 16 Actions;
Survives Death of the Defendant (2000)
................................................................................................... 16 Appeals; Period of Appeal; Fresh
Period Rule (2003)............................................................................................. 17 Certiorari; Mode
of Certiorari (2006) ...................................................................................................................... 17
Certiorari; Rule 45 vs. Rule 65 (1998)
..................................................................................................................... 17 Certiorari; Rule 45 vs.
Rule 65 (2005) ..................................................................................................................... 18
Contempt; Death of a Party; Effect (1998)
.............................................................................................................. 18 Default (2000)
PUP – College of18Law(DJPR
........................................................................................................................................................ Default
spitfire) ........................................................................................................................................................ 18
a.k.a. (2001)
Default; Order of Default; Effects (1999)
................................................................................................................ 18 Default; Remedies; Party
Declared in Default (1998) .............................................................................................. 19
Remedial Law Bar Examination Q & A (1997-2006) Page 4 of 66
Default; Remedies; Party Declared in Default (2006)
Default; Remedies;
.............................................................................................. 19 Substantial Compliance
Demurrer to
(2000)................................................................................................ Evidence
20 (2001)
Demurrer to Evidence; Civil Case vs. 20 Criminal
................................................................................................................................. Case
Discovery; Modes
(2003).................................................................................... 20 of Discovery
Discovery; Modes; Subpoena Duces
(2000)................................................................................................................... 20 Tecum (1997)
Discovery; Production and
............................................................................................... 21Inspection of Documents
Dismissal; Motion to
(2002).................................................................................. Dismiss;
21 Res Judicata
Evidence; Admissibility;
(2000)................................................................................................ Photocopies
21 (2000)
Forum Shopping;
......................................................................................................... 22Definition (2006)
Forum Shopping; Effects; Lack of
........................................................................................................................ 22 Certification (2006)
Gen. Principles; Questions of Law22 vs. Questions of Fact (2004)
...........................................................................................
Judgment; Annulment
............................................................................ 22 of Judgment; Grounds
Judgment; Enforcement; 5-year22
(1998)............................................................................................. period (1997)
Judgment; Enforcement; Foreign
....................................................................................................... 22 Judgment (2005)
Judgment; Execution
............................................................................................... 22 pending Appeal
Judgment; Interlocutory Order; Partial Summary
(2002)......................................................................................................... 23 Judgments (2004)
Judgment; Judgment
...................................................................... 23 on the Pleadings (1999)
Judgment; Judgment on the
....................................................................................................... 23 Pleadings (2005)
Judgment; Mandamus vs. 24
....................................................................................................... Quo Warranto
Judgment; Soundness;
(2001)..................................................................................................... Attachment
24 (2002)
Judgments; Enforcement; Examination
............................................................................................................ 24 of Defendant
Jurisdiction; Habeas Corpus;
(2002).................................................................................. Custody
24 of Minors (2005)
Jurisdiction; Lack of Jurisdiction; Proper
........................................................................................ 25 Action of the Court (2004)
Parties; Death of 25
..................................................................... a Party; Effect (1998)
Parties; Death of a Party;
.................................................................................................................. 25 Effect (1999)
Parties; Death of a Party;
.................................................................................................................. 25 Effect (1999)
Parties; Third Party
.................................................................................................................. 26 Claim (2000)
Parties; Third-Party Claim
........................................................................................................................... 26 (2005)
Petition for Certiorari26
........................................................................................................................... (2000)
Petition for Relief & Action
.................................................................................................................................. 26for Annulment
Petition for Relief;
(2002)................................................................................................... 27 Injunction
Pleadings; Amendment of Complaint; By Leave 27
(2002)....................................................................................................................... of Court (2003)
Pleadings; Amendment of Complaint;
............................................................................ 27 By Leave of Court; Prescriptive Period
Pleadings; Amendment 27 of
(2000)............................................. Complaint; Matter of Right (2005)
Pleadings; Amendment of Complaint;
................................................................................. 28 To Conform w/ Evidence (2004)
Pleadings; Answer;
.................................................................. 28Defense; Specific Denial (2004)
Pleadings; Certification Against 28
.............................................................................................. Forum Shopping (2000)
Pleadings; Counterclaim against the
....................................................................................... 29 Counsel of the Plaintiff (2004)
Pleadings; Motions; 29
...................................................................... Bill of Particulars
Pleadings; Reply; Effect of Non-Filing 29 of
(2003)......................................................................................................... Reply (2000)
Prejudicial Question; Ejectment
...........................................................................................vs.
29 Specific Performance (2000)
Pre-Trial;
.......................................................................... 30Requirements (2001)
Provisional Remedies
.............................................................................................................................. 30 (1999)
Provisional Remedies; Attachment
................................................................................................................................. 30 (1999)
Provisional Remedies;
.............................................................................................................Attachment
30 (1999)
Provisional Remedies;
.............................................................................................................Attachment
30 (2001)
Provisional Remedies;
.............................................................................................................Attachment
30 (2005)
Provisional Remedies; Attachment vs.
............................................................................................................. 30 Garnishment (1999)
Provisional Remedies;
................................................................................... 31 Injunction
Provisional Remedies;
(2001)................................................................................................................ 31 Injunction
Provisional Remedies; Injunctions; Ancillary Remedy
(2003)................................................................................................................ 31 vs. Main Action
Provisional Remedies;
(2006)........................................................ Injunctions;
31 Issuance w/out Bond (2006)
Provisional Remedies; 31
........................................................................... Injunctions; Requisites
Provisional Remedies;
(2006)............................................................................................ Receivership
31 (2001)
Provisional Remedies; 32
........................................................................................................... Replevin
Provisional Remedies; Support
(1999).................................................................................................................. Pendente
32 Lite
Provisional Remedies; Support 32
(1999)............................................................................................. Pendente Lite
Provisional Remedies;
(2001)............................................................................................. 32 TRO (2001)
Provisional Remedies;
........................................................................................................................ TRO
32 (2006)
........................................................................................................................ 33
PUP – College of Law(DJPR
a.k.a. spitfire)
Remedial Law Bar Examination Q & A (1997-2006) Page 5 of 66 Provisional Remedies; TRO vs.
Status Quo Order Provisional Remedies; TRO; CA Justice Dept.
(2006)............................................................................................. 33 Provisional Remedies; TRO;
Duration (2006) ......................................................................................................... 33 Reglementary
Period; Supplemental Pleadings (2000) ........................................................................................... 33
Remedies; Appeal to SC; Appeals to CA (2002)
..................................................................................................... 33 Remedies; Appeal; RTC to CA
(1999)..................................................................................................................... 33 Remedies; Appeal;
Rule 45 vs. Rule 65 (1999) ....................................................................................................... 34
Remedies; Void Decision; Proper Remedy (2004)
.................................................................................................. 34 Special Civil Action; Ejectment (1997)
................................................................................................................... 35 Special Civil Action;
Ejectment Acquittal; Effect
(1998) ................................................................................................................... 35 Special (2002)
Civil
..........................................................................................................................................
Action; Foreclosure (2003) ................................................................................................................ 38 Actions; BP22; 35
Special Civil Action CivildeemedAction; included (2001)..............................................................................................
Petition for Certiorari (2002)
39 Actions; BP22; Demurrer
.................................................................................................. 35 SpecialtoCivil Action; Evidence Quo Warranto (2003)
......................................................................................................... 39 Actions; Commencement
(2001) ............................................................................................................. 36 Special Civil Actions; of an
Mandamus Action; Double (2006) Jeopardy (2004)............................................................................ 39 Actions;
................................................................................................................ 36
Discretionary Power of
Summons.............................................................................................................................................................. Fiscal 36
Summons (1999)........................................................................................................ 39 Actions; Injunction
(1999) ...................................................................................................................................................
37 (1999)......................................................................................................................................
Summons; Substituted Service 39 Arrest; (2004)
Warrantless Arrest; Preliminary
................................................................................................................... 37 Summons; Validity Investigation
of Service;
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE....................................................................................................................................
(2004).................................................................................. 40 Arrest; Warrantless 38
Effects (2006)......................................................................................................... 37 Venue; Arrests Improper &
Venue; Searches Compulsory (1997)Counterclaim ...................................................................................................... 40 Arrest;
(1998).................................................................................... 38
Venue; Warrantless Arrests Personal& Seizures (2003)
Actions
....................................................................................................... 40 Arrest;
(1997)............................................................................................................................. 38 Warrantless Arrests;
Objection (2000)........................................................................................................ 41 Bail (2002)
............................................................................................................................................................. 41 Bail;
Appeal (1998) ................................................................................................................................................
41 Bail; Application; Venue
(2002).............................................................................................................................. 41 Bail; Forms of
Bail (1999) ...................................................................................................................................... 41 Bail;
Matter of Right (1999)
.................................................................................................................................... 41 Bail; Matter of
Right vs. Matter of Discretion (1999) ...............................................................................................
41 Bail; Matter of Right vs. Matter of Discretion (2006)
............................................................................................... 42 Bail; Witness Posting Bail (1999)
........................................................................................................................... 42 Complaint vs.
Information (1999) ........................................................................................................................... 42
Demurrer to Evidence; Contract of Carriage
(2004)................................................................................................ 42 Demurrer to Evidence; w/o
Leave of Court (1998) .................................................................................................. 42 Demurrer
to Evidence; w/o Leave of Court (2001)
.................................................................................................. 43 Demurrer to Evidence; w/o Leave
of Court (2004) .................................................................................................. 43 Dismissal;
Failure to Prosecute (2003)...................................................................................................................
43 Dismissal; Provisional Dismissal (2003)
................................................................................................................ 43 Double Jeopardy
(2002)......................................................................................................................................... 44 Double
Jeopardy; Upgrading; Original Charges (2005)
.......................................................................................... 44 Extradition (2004)
.................................................................................................................................................. 44 Information
(2001) ................................................................................................................................................. 45
Information; Amendment (2001)
............................................................................................................................ 45 Information;
Amendment; Double Jeopardy; Bail (2002)
........................................................................................ 45 Information; Amendment;
Supervening Events (1997) ........................................................................................... 45
Information; Bail (2003)
......................................................................................................................................... 45 Information;
Motion to Quash (2000)...................................................................................................................... 46
Information; Motion to Quash
PUP – College
(2005)...................................................................................................................... 46 of Law(DJPR
Information;
a.k.a. Motionspitfire)to Quash; Grounds (1998) ......................................................................................................
46 Judgment; Promulgation of Judgment (1997)
........................................................................................................ 46 Jurisdiction; Complex Crimes
(2003) ..................................................................................................................... 47
Admissibility
(1998)............................................................................................................................................... 50
Admissibility
Remedial Law Bar Examination Page 6 of 66 Jurisdiction; Finality of a Judgment (2005)
(2002)...............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................ 47 Parties; Prosecution of Offenses 50
Admissibility
(2000)................................................................................................................. 47 Plea of Guilty; to a
Lesser (2004)...............................................................................................................................................
Offense (2002) .............................................................................................................. 50
47
Admissibility;
Prejudicial Admission of Guilt; Requirements (2006)
Question
........................................................................................ 51 Admissibility; Document;
(1999).................................................................................................................................... 47 Not raised
Prejudicial
Question in the Pleading (2004) ................................................................................... 51 Admissibility;
(2000).................................................................................................................................... 47
Electronic Evidence
Prejudicial Question;(2003) ..............................................................................................................
Suspension of Criminal Action (1999) 51
Admissibility; Object
.................................................................................. 48 orPre-Trial RealAgreement Evidence (2004)
(1994)........................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................... 48 51Pre-Trial; Admissibility;
Criminal
CaseObjections vs. Civil (1997) Case (1997) ............................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................ 5148
Admissibility;
Provisional Offer to Marry;
Dismissal Circumstantial Evidence
(2002)
(1998)................................................................................ 52 Admissibility;
................................................................................................................................. 48 Offer to Void
Remedies; Pay
Expenses (1997) ..........................................................................................................
Judgment (2004) .......................................................................................................................... 48 Search 52
Admissibility; Private Document
Warrant; Motion to Quash (2005) ............................................................................................................... (2005)
EVIDENCE Trial; ................................................................................................................................................................
49 .................................................................................................................
Trial in Absentia; Automatic Review52 of Admissibility;
Conviction Proof (1998) 50
of
Filiation; Action of Partition
............................................................................. (2000).....................................................................................
49 Venue (1997) 52
Admissibility; Rules of
......................................................................................................................................................... 49 Evidence
(1997)................................................................................................................. 53 Best Evidence Rule
(1997) ..................................................................................................................................... 53 Burden of
Proof vs. Burden of Evidence (2004)
..................................................................................................... 54 Character Evidence
(2002)..................................................................................................................................... 54
Confession; Affidavit of Recantation
(1998)........................................................................................................... 54 Facts; Legislative
Facts vs. Adjudicative Facts (2004) ........................................................................................... 54
Hearsay Evidence (2002)
....................................................................................................................................... 54 Hearsay
Evidence vs. Opinion Evidence (2004)
..................................................................................................... 54 Hearsay; Exception; Dead Man
Statute (2001)........................................................................................................ 54 Hearsay;
Exception; Dying Declaration (1998)
....................................................................................................... 55 Hearsay; Exception; Res
Gestae; Opinion of Ordinary Witness (2005) ................................................................... 55
Hearsay; Exceptions (1999)
................................................................................................................................... 55 Hearsay;
Exceptions; Dying Declaration (1999)
..................................................................................................... 55 Hearsay; Inapplicable
(2003).................................................................................................................................. 55 Judicial
Notice; Evidence (2005)............................................................................................................................
56 Judicial Notice; Evidence; Foreign Law
(1997)....................................................................................................... 56 Memorandum
(1996).............................................................................................................................................. 57 Offer
of Evidence (1997) ........................................................................................................................................
57 Offer of Evidence; res inter alios acta
(2003).......................................................................................................... 57 Offer of Evidence;
Testimonial & Documentary (1994) ........................................................................................... 57
Opinion Rule
(1994)............................................................................................................................................... 57 Parol
Evidence Rule (2001)....................................................................................................................................
58 Preponderance vs. Substantial Evidence (2003)
.................................................................................................... 58 Privilege Communication (1998)
............................................................................................................................ 58 Privilege
Communication; Marital Privilege (1989)
................................................................................................. 58 Privilege Communication; Marital
Privilege (2000) ................................................................................................. 59 Privilege
Communication; Marital Privilege (2004)
................................................................................................. 59 Privilege Communication; Marital
Privilege (2006) ................................................................................................. 59 Remedy; Lost
Documents; Secondary Evidence (1992)
......................................................................................... 60 Testimony; Independent Relevant
Statement (1999) .............................................................................................. 60 Witness;
Competency of the Witness vs. Credibility PUP – College of theof Law(DJPR Witness
spitfire)
a.k.a. (2004)............................................................. 60 Witness; Examination of a Child Witness;
via Live-Link TV (2005) ......................................................................... 60 Witness;
Examination of Witnesses (1997)
............................................................................................................ 60
Remedial Law Bar Examination Q & A (1997-2006) Page 7 of 66 Witness; Examination of Witnesses
(2002) ............................................................................................................ 60 Witness; Utilized as State
Witness; Procedure (2006) ............................................................................................ 60
JURISDICTION
Jurisdiction
(1997)
What courts have jurisdiction over the
following cases filed in Metro Manila? a)
An action for specific performance or, in
the alternative, for damages in the amount of
P180,000.00 b) An action for a writ of
injunction. c) An action for replevin of a
motorcycle valued at
P150,000.00. d) An action for interpleader
to determine who
between the defendants is entitled to receive
amount
the of P190,000.00 from the plaintiff.
e) A petition for the probate of a will
estatean
involving valued at
P200,000.00.
SUGGESTED ANSWER:
(a) An action for specific performance or, in
the alternative, for damages in the amount
of 180,000.00 falls within the jurisdiction of
Metropolitan Trial Courts in Metro Manila.
Although an action for specific performance
is not capable of pecuniary estimation, since
the alternative demand for damages is
capable of pecuniary estimation, it is within
the jurisdiction of the Metropolitan Trial
Courts
Cruz us.inTan,
Metro
87 Manila. (Sec. 33 of BP 129 as
Phil. 627].
amended by RA No. 7691:
(b) An action for injunction is not capable
of pecuniary estimation and hence falls
within the jurisdiction of the RTCs.