INTRODUCTION

Employees at the grass root level experience a sense of frustration because of low level of
wages, pool working conditions unfavorable Teens of employment, by their superiors And
the like where as managerial personnel feel frustrated because Of alienation over their
conditions of employment, inter personnel Conflicts, role Conflicts, job pressures, lack of
freedom in work, Absence of challenging work etc....

Job discontent and job pressures have their substantial effect on employees health in
the form of reduction in general happiness increase in smoking drinking and putting on
excuse body weight etc....Frustration weight also be due to absence of recognition , tedious
work, unsound relations.

With co-workers, poor working conditions, low self esteem, occupational stress, work heavy
load , monotony, Fatigue, time pressures, lack of stability and security etc. in view of the
contemporary managerial problems, the present day employees are much concerned about
high wages, better benefits, challenging jobs etc...

MEANING:
In the recent past, the tense “quality of work life “has appeared in research journals and the
press with remarkable regularity. Despite this, there is no general definition of the concept it
has become a casual phrase encompassing what ever improvement in general organization
climate the practitioner or researcher has observed.

However some attempts were made to describe the tense QWL.It refers to the favorableness
or unfavorable ness of a job environment for people. QWL means different things to different
people J. Richard and. LOY defines QWL as “the degree to which members of a work
organization are able to satisfy important personal needs through their experience in the
organization.

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DEFINITION:

QWL improvements are defined as any activity, which take place at every level of and
organization, which seeks great organizational effectiveness through enhancement of human
degree and growth........ a process through which stake hold ness in the organization –
management ,unions and employees learn how to work together better.... to determine for
themselves what actions ,changes and improvements are desirable and workable in order to
achieve the twin and simultaneously goal both the company and the unions.

NEED FOR THE STUDY

The success of any organization is highly dependent and how it attracts, recruits,
motivates and retain its work force. Today organization needs to be more flexible so that they
are equipped their work force and enjoy their commitment. Therefore organizations are
required to adopt a strategy to improve the employees ‘quality of work life’. To satisfy both
the organizational objectives and employees needs. One of the way to accomplishing QWL is
through job design. In which it is having some options for improving the job design.

 Leave the job as is, but the employees more.

 Mechanized and automate the routine jobs.

 And the Area that organization development loves-re-design the job.

Where by adopting QWL there are two spectrums to follow job-enlargement and job-
enrichment. Where job enlargement are more variety of tasks and duties to the job in which
these tasks are performed by the employees. This can also be accomplished by job rotation
and job-enrichment on the other hand adds additional motivators where it adds depth to the

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job more control, responsibility and discretion to how the job is performed. There are some
benefits by enriching jobs they are

 Growth of the individual.

 And they have better job satisfaction.

 Self actualization of the individual.

 Better employee performance for the organization.

 Organization gets intrinsically motivated employees.

 Less absenteeism, turnover and grievances for the organization.

 Full use of human resource for society.

 QWL shows the effectiveness of the employees interpersonal communication skills,

career counseling
In which both organization and employees are benefited through this adoption of
quality of work life.

OBJECTIVES

These are the Objectives which I have been thought from the Company:

 To understand core values of KESORAM with respect to HR.

 To study about the Company History, Mission, Vision, and Objectives.

 To understand HR Department.

 To know what company contributing for the QWL.

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  To evaluate the effectiveness and understand the perception of employees towards the
QWL.
 To suggest measures for further improvement of QWL.
 To gauge the effectiveness of QWL with respective employee’s satisfaction.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research:

Research is common refers to a search for knowledge we can also define research as a
scientific and systematic search for patent information on a specific topic

D. SLESINGER and M .STEPHENSON define research as the “manipulation of

things, concepts or symbols for the purpose of generalizing to extend ,correct or verify
knowledge ,whether that the practice of an act”

Research methodology:

Research methodology is a way to systematically salve the research problem. The

steps adopted by the research to solve the research problem.

Research process:

Research process consists of series of actions or steps necessary to effectively carry out
research.

The various steps, which provide useful guideline regarding research process.

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Formulating research problem
Extensive literature survey
Determining sample design
Collecting the data
Execution of the project
Analysis of the data
Interpretation & suggestion
Conclusion
Preparation of the report

Nature of study

The study was totally a fact –finding study. The main aim of this is to identity and
evaluate the training and development program given to the employees working in
KESORAM Ltd. .

Study Area

The study has been conducted in KESORAM.

Sample Design

A sample design is definite plan determined before data was actually collected for
obtaining a sample from given population. In this study random sampling is used. This
sampling method involves purposive or deliberate selection of particular units of the
population for constituting a sample, which represents the population

Sample size :

The sample size taken for survey includes 100 employees. The sample takes into
consideration / constitutes all the managers and programmers in organization.

Collecting the data

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 In dealing with any problem it is often found that data at hand are inadequate, and
there fore it becomes necessary to collect data that are appropriate . These are several ways of
collecting the appropriate data , which defer considerably in context of time and other
resources . Here for the purpose of study two kinds of data has been used.

1. Primary data
2. Secondary data

1. Primary Data

The primary data are those, which are collected afresh for the first time, and thus
happens to be original in character, with reference to this study, data is collected through.

A) Questionnaire
B) Interview method

A) Questionnaire Method
Data is gathered by distributing Questionnaire to managers and employees.
Questionnaire in prepared and pre tested before using it for data collection. Questionnaire is a
structured one consisting of questions, which are close, ended having fixed response pattern
with multiple answers.

b) Interview method

The study also includes obtaining information from knowledgeable persons. This
interview is an informal or unstructured one with competent and articulate individuals,
employees and professionals of the organization.

2 . Secondary data

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 The secondary data are those that are already available, i.e. they refer to the data
,which have already been collected and analyzed by some one else. Secondary data is
gathered from the organization catalogues, journals and books.

SIGNIFICANCE OF QUALITY OF WORK LIFE:

Quality of work life programs has become important in the work place for the
following reason

• Increased woman in the work force

• Increased male involvement in dependent care (child and elder)

Activities

• Increased responsibility for elder

• Increased demands at work

• Loss of long term employment guarantees

• The need for enhanced work place skills

• Increased competition for the best student and talent for education and research
environment

• Greater competition for talent.

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SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The study with the prime objectives of ascertaining the employees towards the
Quality of work life program, which are required to perform their jobs effectively. In
KESORAM. The studies include managers and employees.

LIMITATIONS

1. Firstly the respondents were not available readily and the data were collected as per
the convenience of the respondents.

2. Secondly the sample of 100 respondents was given by the organization hence
appropriate sample technique were not applied for selecting the respondents.

3. Thirdly, time is also one of constraints. Duration of 45 days is not sufficient to cover
all the aspects of the study.

For the above limitation the study conducted may not give the true representation of
the entire organization.

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INDUSTRY PROFILE

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In the most general sense of the word, a cement is a binder, a
substance which sets and hardens independently, and can bind
other materials together. The word "cement" traces to the
Romans, who used the term "opus caementicium" to describe
masonry which resembled concrete and was made from
crushed rock with burnt lime as binder. The volcanic ash and
pulverized brick additives which were added to the burnt lime
to obtain a hydraulic binder were later referred to as
cementum, cimentum, cäment and cement. Cements used in
construction are characterized as hydraulic or non-hydraulic.

The most important use of cement is the production of mortar

and concrete—the bonding of natural or artificial aggregates to
form a strong building material which is durable in the face of
normal environmental effects.

Concrete should not be confused with cement because the

term cement refers only to the dry powder substance used to
bind the aggregate materials of concrete. Upon the addition of
water and/or additives the cement mixture is referred to as
concrete, especially if aggregates have been added.

It is uncertain where it was first discovered that a combination

of hydrated non-hydraulic lime and a pozzolan produces a
hydraulic mixture (see also: Pozzolanic reaction), but concrete
made from such mixtures was first used on a large scale by
Roman engineers.They used both natural pozzolans (trass or
pumice) and artificial pozzolans (ground brick or pottery) in
these concretes. Many excellent examples of structures made

11
from these concretes are still standing, notably the huge
monolithic dome of the Pantheon in Rome and the massive
Baths of Caracalla. The vast system of Roman aqueducts also
made extensive use of hydraulic cement. The use of structural
concrete disappeared in medieval Europe, although weak
pozzolanic concretes continued to be used as a core fill in stone
walls and columns.

Modern cement

Modern hydraulic cements began to be developed from the

start of the Industrial Revolution (around 1800), driven by three
main needs:

• Hydraulic renders for finishing brick buildings in wet

climates
• Hydraulic mortars for masonry construction of harbor
works etc, in contact with sea water.
• Development of strong concretes.

In Britain particularly, good quality building stone became ever

more expensive during a period of rapid growth, and it became
a common practice to construct prestige buildings from the
new industrial bricks, and to finish them with a stucco to
imitate stone. Hydraulic limes were favored for this, but the
need for a fast set time encouraged the development of new
cements. Most famous was Parker's "Roman cement." This was
developed by James Parker in the 1780s, and finally patented in
1796. It was, in fact, nothing like any material used by the
Romans, but was a "Natural cement" made by burning septaria

12
- nodules that are found in certain clay deposits, and that
contain both clay minerals and calcium carbonate. The burnt
nodules were ground to a fine powder. This product, made into
a mortar with sand, set in 5–15 minutes. The success of
"Roman Cement" led other manufacturers to develop rival
products by burning artificial mixtures of clay and chalk.

John Smeaton made an important contribution to the

development of cements when he was planning the
construction of the third Eddystone Lighthouse (1755-9) in the
English Channel. He needed a hydraulic mortar that would set
and develop some strength in the twelve hour period between
successive high tides. He performed an exhaustive market
research on the available hydraulic limes, visiting their
production sites, and noted that the "hydraulicity" of the lime
was directly related to the clay content of the limestone from
which it was made. Smeaton was a civil engineer by profession,
and took the idea no further. Apparently unaware of Smeaton's
work, the same principle was identified by Louis Vicat in the
first decade of the nineteenth century. Vicat went on to devise
a method of combining chalk and clay into an intimate mixture,
and, burning this, produced an "artificial cement" in 1817.
James Frost,orking in Britain, produced what he called "British
cement" in a similar manner around the same time, but did not
obtain a patent until 1822. In 1824, Joseph Aspdin patented a
similar material, which he called Portland cement, because the
render made from it was in color similar to the prestigious
Portland stone.

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All the above products could not compete with lime/pozzolan
concretes because of fast-setting (giving insufficient time for
placement) and low early strengths (requiring a delay of many
weeks before formwork could be removed). Hydraulic limes,
"natural" cements and "artificial" cements all rely upon their
belite content for strength development. Belite develops
strength slowly. Because they were burned at temperatures
below 1250 °C, they contained no alite, which is responsible for
early strength in modern cements. The first cement to
consistently contain alite was made by Joseph Aspdin's son
William in the early 1840s. This was what we call today
"modern" Portland cement. Because of the air of mystery with
which William Aspdin surrounded his product, others (e.g. Vicat
and I C Johnson) have claimed precedence in this invention, but
recent analysis of both his concrete and raw cement have
shown that William Aspdin's product made at Northfleet, Kent
was a true alite-based cement. However, Aspdin's methods
were "rule-of-thumb": Vicat is responsible for establishing the
chemical basis of these cements, and Johnson established the
importance of sintering the mix in the kiln.

William Aspdin's innovation was counter-intuitive for

manufacturers of "artificial cements", because they required
more lime in the mix (a problem for his father), because they
required a much higher kiln temperature (and therefore more
fuel) and because the resulting clinker was very hard and
rapidly wore down the millstones which were the only available
grinding technology of the time. Manufacturing costs were
therefore considerably higher, but the product set reasonably

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slowly and developed strength quickly, thus opening up a
market for use in concrete. The use of concrete in construction
grew rapidly from 1850 onwards, and was soon the dominant
use for cements. Thus Portland cement began its predominant
role. it is made from water and sand

Types of modern cement

Portland cement

Cement is made by heating limestone (calcium carbonate), with

small quantities of other materials (such as clay) to 1450°C in a
kiln, in a process known as calcination, whereby a molecule of
carbon dioxide is liberated from the calcium carbonate to form
calcium oxide, or lime, which is then blended with the other
materials that have been included in the mix . The resulting
hard substance, called 'clinker', is then ground with a small
amount of gypsum into a powder to make 'Ordinary Portland
Cement', the most commonly used type of cement (often
referred to as OPC).

Portland cement is a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar and

most non-speciality grout. The most common use for Portland
cement is in the production of concrete. Concrete is a
composite material consisting of aggregate (gravel and sand),
cement, and water. As a construction material, concrete can be
cast in almost any shape desired, and once hardened, can
become a structural (load bearing) element. Portland cement
may be gray or white.

Portland cement blends

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These are often available as inter-ground mixtures from
cement manufacturers, but similar formulations are often also
mixed from the ground components at the concrete mixing
plant.

Portland blastfurnace cement contains up to 70% ground

granulated blast furnace slag, with the rest Portland clinker and
a little gypsum. All compositions produce high ultimate
strength, but as slag content is increased, early strength is
reduced, while sulfate resistance increases and heat evolution
diminishes. Used as an economic alternative to Portland
sulfate-resisting and low-heat cements.

Portland flyash cement contains up to 30% fly ash. The fly

ash is pozzolanic, so that ultimate strength is maintained.
Because fly ash addition allows a lower concrete water content,
early strength can also be maintained. Where good quality
cheap fly ash is available, this can be an economic alternative
to ordinary Portland cement.

Portland pozzolan cement includes fly ash cement, since fly

ash is a pozzolan, but also includes cements made from other
natural or artificial pozzolans. In countries where volcanic ashes
are available (e.g. Italy, Chile, Mexico, the Philippines) these
cements are often the most common form in use.

Portland silica fume cement. Addition of silica fume can

yield exceptionally high strengths, and cements containing 5-
20% silica fume are occasionally produced. However, silica

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fume is more usually added to Portland cement at the concrete
mixer.

Masonry cements are used for preparing bricklaying mortars

and stuccos, and must not be used in concrete. They are
usually complex proprietary formulations containing Portland
clinker and a number of other ingredients that may include
limestone, hydrated lime, air entrainers, retarders,
waterproofers and coloring agents. They are formulated to yield
workable mortars that allow rapid and consistent masonry
work. Subtle variations of Masonry cement in the US are Plastic
Cements and Stucco Cements. These are designed to produce
controlled bond with masonry blocks.

Expansive cements contain, in addition to Portland clinker,

expansive clinkers (usually sulfoaluminate clinkers), and are
designed to offset the effects of drying shrinkage that is
normally encountered with hydraulic cements. This allows large
floor slabs (up to 60 m square) to be prepared without
contraction joints.

White blended cements may be made using white clinker

and white supplementary materials such as high-purity
metakaolin.

Colored cements are used for decorative purposes. In some

standards, the addition of pigments to produce "colored
Portland cement" is allowed. In other standards (e.g. ASTM),
pigments are not allowed constituents of Portland cement, and
colored cements are sold as "blended hydraulic cements".

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Very finely ground cements are made from mixtures of
cement with sand or with slag or other pozzolan type minerals
which are extremely finely ground together. Such cements can
have the same physical characteristics as normal cement but
with 50% less cement particularly due to their increased
surface area for the chemical reaction. Even with intensive
grinding they can use up to 50% less energy to fabricate than
ordinary Portland cements.

Non-Portland hydraulic cements

Pozzolan-lime cements. Mixtures of ground pozzolan and

lime are the cements used by the Romans, and are to be found
in Roman structures still standing (e.g. the Pantheon in Rome).
They develop strength slowly, but their ultimate strength can
be very high. The hydration products that produce strength are
essentially the same as those produced by Portland cement.

Slag-lime cements. Ground granulated blast furnace slag is

not hydraulic on its own, but is "activated" by addition of
alkalis, most economically using lime. They are similar to
pozzolan lime cements in their properties. Only granulated slag
(i.e. water-quenched, glassy slag) is effective as a cement
component.

Supersulfated cements. These contain about 80% ground

granulated blast furnace slag, 15% gypsum or anhydrite and a
little Portland clinker or lime as an activator. They produce
strength by formation of ettringite, with strength growth similar

18
to a slow Portland cement. They exhibit good resistance to
aggressive agents, including sulfate.

Calcium aluminate cements are hydraulic cements made

primarily from limestone and bauxite. The active ingredients
are monocalcium aluminate CaAl2O4 (CaO · Al2O3 or CA in
Cement chemist notation, CCN) and mayenite Ca12Al14O33 (12
CaO · 7 Al2O3 , or C12A7 in CCN). Strength forms by hydration to
calcium aluminate hydrates. They are well-adapted for use in
refractory (high-temperature resistant) concretes, e.g. for
furnace linings.

Calcium sulfoaluminate cements are made from clinkers

that include ye'elimite (Ca4(AlO2)6SO4 or C4A3 in Cement
chemist's notation) as a primary phase. They are used in
expansive cements, in ultra-high early strength cements, and in
"low-energy" cements. Hydration produces ettringite, and
specialized physical properties (such as expansion or rapid
reaction) are obtained by adjustment of the availability of
calcium and sulfate ions. Their use as a low-energy alternative
to Portland cement has been pioneered in China, where several
million tonnes per year are produced.[12][13] Energy requirements
are lower because of the lower kiln temperatures required for
reaction, and the lower amount of limestone (which must be
endothermically decarbonated) in the mix. In addition, the
lower limestone content and lower fuel consumption leads to a
CO2 emission around half that associated with Portland clinker.
However, SO2 emissions are usually significantly higher.

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"Natural" Cements correspond to certain cements of the pre-
Portland era, produced by burning argillaceous limestones at
moderate temperatures. The level of clay components in the
limestone (around 30-35%) is such that large amounts of belite
(the low-early strength, high-late strength mineral in Portland
cement) are formed without the formation of excessive
amounts of free lime. As with any natural material, such
cements have highly variable properties.

Geopolymer cements are made from mixtures of water-

soluble alkali metal silicates and aluminosilicate mineral
powders such as fly ash and metakaolin.

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COMPANY PROFILE

21
 Kesoram Cement Industry is one of the leading
manufactures of cement in India. It is a day process cement
Plant. The plant capacity is 8.26 lakh tones per annum It is
located at Basanthnagar in Karimnagar district of Andhra
Pradesh. Basanthnagar is 8 km away from the Ramagundram
Railway station, linking Madras to New Delhi. The Chairman of
the Company is syt. B.K.Birla,

HISTORY :

The first unit at Basanthnagar with a capacity of 2.1

lakh tones per annum incorporating humble suspension
preheated system was commissioner during the year 1969. The
second unit was setup in year 1971 with a capacity of 2.1 lakh
tones per annum went on stream in the year 1978. The coal for
this company is being supplied from Singereni Colleries and the
power is obtained from APSEB. The power demand for the
factory is about 21 MW. Kesoram has got 2 DG sets of 4 MW
each installed in the year 1987.

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 Kesoram Cement has setup a 15 KW captor power plant to
facilitate for uninterrupted power supply for manufacturing of
cement at 24th august 1997 per hour 12 mw, actual power is 15
mw.

The Company was incorporated on 18th October, 1919 under

the Indian Companies Act, 1913, in the name and style of
Kesoram Cotton Mills Ltd. It had a Textile Mill at 42, Garden
Reach Road, Calcutta 700 024. The name of the Company was
changed to Kesoram Industries & Cotton Mills Ltd. on 30th

August, 1961 and the same was further changed to Kesoram

Industries Limited on 9th July, 1986. The said Textile Mill at
Garden Reach Road was eventually demerged into a separate
company.

The First Plant for manufacturing of rayon yarn was established

at Tribeni, District Hooghly, West Bengal and the same was
commissioned in December, 1959 and the second plant was
commissioned in the year 1962 enabling it to manufacture
4,635 metric tons per annum (mtpa) of rayon yarn. This Unit
has 6,500 metric tons per annum (mtpa) capacity as on
31.3.2009.

The plant for manufacturing of transparent paper was also set

23
up at the same location at Tribeni, District Hooghly, West
Bengal, in June, 1961. It has the annual capacity to
manufacture 3,600 metric tons per annum (mtpa) of
transparent Paper.

The Company diversified into manufacturing of cast iron spun

pipes and pipe fittings at Bansberia, District Hooghly, West
Bengal, with a production capacity of 45,000 metric tons per
annum (mtpa) of cast iron spun pipes and pipe fittings in
December, 1964.

The Company subsequently diversified into the manufacturing

of Cement and in 1969 established its first cement plant under
the name 'Kesoram Cement' at Basantnagar, Dist. Karimnagar
(Andhra Pradesh) and to take advantage of favourable market
conditions, in 1986 another cement plant, known as
'Vasavadatta Cement', was commissioned by it at Sedam, Dist.

Gulbarga (Karnataka). The cement manufacturing capacities at

both the plants were augmented from time to time according to
the market conditions and as on 31.3.2009 Kesoram Cement
and Vasavadatta Cement have annual cement manufacturing
capacities of 1.5 million metric tons and 4.1 million metric tons
respectively.

The Company in March 1992, commissioned a plant at Balasore

known as Birla Tyres in Orissa, for manufacturing of 10 lac MT

24
p.a. automotive tyres and tubes in the first phase in
collaboration with Pirelli Ltd., U.K., a subsidiary company of the
world famous Pirelli Group of Italy - a pioneer in production and
development of automotive tyres in the world.

The capacity at the said plant was further augmented during

the year by 19 MT per day aggregating to 271 MT per day
production facility. The Greenfield Project of 257 MT per day
capacity in the State of Uttarakhand with a capex of about
Rs.760 crores commenced the commercial production in
phases during the financial year 2008-09.The Company as on
31.3.2009 had the manufacturing capacities of 3.71 million
tyres, 2.95 million tubes and 1.53 million flaps per annum in
the Plants including at Uttarakhand Plant.

It has small manufacturing capacities of various Chemicals at

Kharda in the State of West Bengal also. It has the annual
manufacturing capacities of 12,410 mtpa of Caustic Soda Lye,
5,045 mtpa of Liquid Chlorine, 6,205 mtpa of Sodium
Hypochlorite, 8,200 mtpa of Hydrochloric Acid, 3,200 mtpa of
Ferric Alum, 18,700 mtpa of Sulphuric Acid and 1,620,000
m3pa of purified Hydrogen Gas.

The Company is a well-diversified entity in the fields of Cement,

Tyre, Rayon Yarn, Transparent Paper, Spun Pipes and Heavy
Chemicals with two core business segments i.e. Cement and
Tyres.

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In Spun Pipes & Foundries, a unit of the Company, work
suspended from 2nd May, 2008 still commences till further
notice.

The Company as of now is listed on three major Stock

Exchanges in India i.e. Bombay Stock Exchange Ltd., Mumbai,
Calcutta Stock Exchange Association Ltd., Kolkata and National
Stock Exchange of India Ltd., Mumbai and at the Societe de la
Bourse de Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

A further expansion upto 1.65 million tons of cement per

annum in Vasavadatta Cement at Sedam in Karnataka as unit
IV at the same site is in progress, with a 17.5 MW Captive
Power Plant, involving a capital expenditure of about Rs. 783.50
crores (including the cost of Captive Power Plant).

The commercial production of cement in the aforesaid unit IV

has commenced in June 2009.

The work for the further expansion in the Tyres Section at

Uttarakhand for radial tyres with 100 MT per day capacity and
bias tyres with 125 MT per day capacity involving an estimated
aggregate capital outlay of about Rs. 840 crores is under
progress. The Board has further approved a Motor Cycle Tyre
Project of 70 MT per day capacity at the same site involving a
capital outlay of Rs.190 crore. The civil construction of both the

26
Projects is in full swing. The commercial production in both the
Projects is likely to start by December 2009/ January 2010.

Birla Supreme in popular brand of Kesoram cement from

its prestigious plant of Basantnagar in AP which has
outstanding track record. In performance and productivity
serving the nation for the last two and half decades. It has
proved its distinction by bagging several national awards. It
also has the distinction of achieving optimum capacity
utilization.

Kesoram offers a choice of top quality portioned cement

for light, heavy constructions and allied applications. Quality is
built every fact of the operations.

The plant lay out is rational to begin with. The

limestone is rich in calcium carbonate a key factor that
influence the quality of final product. The day process
technology uses in the latest computerized monitoring
overseas the manufacturing process. Samples are sent
regularly to the bureau of Indian standards. National council of
construction and building material for certification of derived
quality norms.

27
The company has vigorously undertaking different promotional
measures for promoting their product through different media,
which includes the use of news papers magazine, hoarding etc.

Kesoram cement industry distinguished itself among all

the cement factories in Indian by bagging the National
Productivity Award consecutively for two years i.e. for the year
1985-1987. The federation of Andhra Pradesh Chamber &
Commerce and Industries (FAPCCI) also conferred on Kesoram
Cement. An award for the best industrial promotion expansion
efforts in the state for the year 1984. Kesoram also bagged
FAPCCI awarded for “Best Family Planning Effort in the state”
for the year 1987-1988.

One among the industrial giants in the country today,

serving the nation on the industrial front. Kesoram industry ltd.,
has a checked and eventful history dating back to the twenties
when the Industrial House of Birlas acquired it. With only a
textile mill under its banner 1924, it grew from strength to
strength and spread its activities to newer fields like Rayon,
Transparent paper, pipes, Refractors, tyres and other products.

Looking to the wide gap between the demand and supply

of a vital commodity cement, which play in important role in
National building activity the Government of India had de-
licensed the cement industry in the year 1966 with a review to

28
attract private entrepreneur to augment the cement
production. Kesoram rose to the occasions and divided to set
up a few cement plants in the country.

Kesoram cement undertaking marketing activities

extensively in the state of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,
Tamilnadu, Kerala, Maharashtra and Gujarat. In A.P. sales
Depts., are located in different areas like Karimnagar,
Warangal, Nizamabad, Vijayawada and Nellore. In other states
it has opened around 10 depots.

The market share of Kesoram Cement in AP is 7.05%. The

market share of the company in various states is shown as
under.

STATES MARKET SHARE

Karnataka 4.09%

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 Tamilnadu 0.94%

Kerala 0.29%

Maharashtra 2.81%

Process and Quality Control :

It has been the endeavor of Kesoram to incorporate the

World’s latest technology in the plant and today the plant has
the most sophisticated.

X-ray analysis :

Fully computerized XRF and XRD X-RAY Analysers

keep a constant round the clock vigil on quality.

Supreme performance :

One of the largest Cement Plants in Andhra Pradesh,

the plant in corporate the latest technology in Cement -
making.

It is professionally managed and well established Cement

Manufacturing Company enjoying the confidence of the
consumers. Kesoram has outstanding track record in
performance and productivity with quite a few national and
state awards to its credit.

30
 BIRLA SUPREME, the 43 Grade Cement, is a widely
accepted and popular brand in the market, commanding a
premium.

However to meet the specific demands of the consumer,

Kesoram bought out the 53 grade BIRLA SUPREME – GOLD,
which has special qualities like higher fineness, quick-setting,
high compressive strength and durability.

Supreme Strength :

Kesoram Cement has huge captive Limestone Deposits,

which make it possible to feed high- grade limestone
consistently, Its natural Grey colour is anion- born ingredient
and gives good shade.

Both the products offered by Kesoram, i.e. BIRLA

SUPREME-43 Grade and BIRLA SUPREME-GOLD-53 Grade
cement are outstanding with much higher compressive
strength and durability. The following characteristics show
their distinctive qualities.

31
Comprehen Opc 43 Birla Opc 43 gr Birla
sive Supreme
grls 8112 Is Supreme
Strength 43 grade
1226987
1989 Gold 53 gr
3 days mpa Min. 23 31 + Min. 27 38+
7 days mpa Min. 23 42+ Min. 37 48+
28 days Min. 43 50+ Min. 53 60+
mpa

D.C. SYSTEM :

Clinker making process is a key step in the overall cement

making process. In the case of BIRLA SUPREME/GOLD, the
clinker-making process is totally computer. control. The
Distributed Control System (DCS) constantly monitors the
process and ensures operating efficiency. This eliminates
variation and ensures consistency in the quality of Clinker.

SUPREME PROCESS

Closed-Circuit Cement grinding process involving high

efficiency separators manufactures BIRLA SUPREME.
This ensures uniform and high quality in cement,
which in turn contributes to its superior strength and
optimum setting time.

32
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Ope 43 Birla Ope 53 gr Birla

Supreme Supreme
Is 8 112- Is 12269-
89 43 grade 87 Gold 53
Setting time Min30 120-180 Min 30 130-170
a. Initial Max 600 180-240 Max 600 170-220
(mats)
b. final Min 225 270-280 . Min 225 300-320
(mats)
Fincncssm Max 10 1.0-2.0 Max 10 0.5-1.0
2/Kg
Soundness Max 0.8 0.04-0.08 Max 0.080. 0.04-0.2
a. le-chart
(mm)
b. autoclave
(%)

SUPREME EXPERTISE :

The Best Technical Team, exclusive to Kesoram, mans

the Plant and monitors the process, to blend the
cement in just the required proportions, to make
BIRLA SUPREME/GOLD OF Rock Strength.

18 MILLION TONES OF SOLID FOUNDATION :

Staying at the top for over a Quarter Century, Quarter

Century is no less an achievement. Infact. Kesoram is
synonymous with for over 28 years.

33
 Over the years, Kesoram has dispatched 18 million tones of
cement to the nook and corners of the country and joined
hands in strengthening the Nation. No one else in Andhra
Pradesh has this distinction. The prestigious World Bank aided
Ramagundam Super Thermal Power Project of NTPC and
Mannair Dam of Pochampad project in AP arc a couple of
projects for which Kesoram Cement was exclusively uses: to
cite an example.

CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS :

Opc 43 gr Birla Ope 53 gr Birla

Suprem Supreme
Is 81 132- e Is 12269-
989 Gold 53
Loss on Max 5 43
<1.6 Max874.0 <1.5
inflection %
Insoluble residue Max 2.0 <0.8 Max 2.0 < 0.6
%
Magnesium Max 6.0 < 1.3 Max 6.0 < 1.3
oxide %
Lime saturation 0.66-1.02 0.8-0.9 0.8-1.02 0.88-0.9
factor
Alumna: iron MinO.66 1.5-1.7 MinO.66 1.5-1.7
ratio
Sulfuric Max 2.5/3 1.6-2.0 Max 2. 1.6-2.0
anhydride %
Alkalis Chlorides Max 0.05 Max 5/3
Max 0.05 Max 0.4
0.01

Kesoram Cement - advantages :

1. Helps in designing sleeker and more elegant.

Structures, giving greater flexibility in design concept.

1. Due to its fine quality, super fine construction can be

achieved.

34
 3. Its gives maximum strength at Minimum use of cement
with water in the water cement ratio, especially the 53 grade
Birlas supreme-gold.

Feathers in Kesoram's cap :

Kesoram has out standing track record, achieving over 100% capacity

utilization I productivity and energy conservation. It has proved its distinction

by bagging several national and state awards, noteworthy being.

NATIONAL :

1. National productivity award for 1985-86

2. National productivity award for 1986-87

3. National award for mines safety for 1985-86

4. National award for mines safety for 1986-87

5. National award for energy conservation 1989-90

35
 STATE

1. A.P. State productivity award for 1988

2. State award for best industrial management 1988-89.

3. Best industrial productivity award of FAPCCI

(federation of A.P. chamber of commerce and industry),
1991

4. Best management award of the state Govt. 1993

5. FAPCCI award for the workers welfare, 1995-96.

I.S.O. 9002

All quality systems of Kesoram have been certified under

I.S.O. 9002/1.S. 4002, which proves the worldwide acceptance
of the products.

All quality systems in production and marketing of the

product have been certified by B.I.S. under ISO 9002/1S 14002.

The first unit was installed at basanthnagar with a

capacity of 2.5 –lakhs TPA (tones per annum) incorporating
humble supervision, preheated system, during the year 1969.

The second unit followed suit with added a capacity of 2

lakhs TPA in 1971.

36
 The plant was further expanded to 9 lakhs by adding 2.5
lakhs tones in august 1978, 1.13 lakhs tones in January 1981
and 0.87 lakhs tones in September 1981.

Power:

Singarein collieries make the supply of coal for this

industry and the power was obtained from AP TRANSCO. The
power demand for the factory is about 21MW. Kesoram has got
2-diesel generator seats of 4 MW each installed in the year
1987.

Kesoram cement now has a 15MWcaptive power

plant to facilities for uninterrupted power supply for
manufacturing of cement.

Performance:

The performance of kersoram cement industry

has been outstanding achieving over cent percent capacity
utilization all through despite many odds like power cuts and
which most 40% was wasted due to wagon shortage etc.

37
 The company being a continuous process
industry works round the clock and has excellent records of
performance achieving over 1005 capacity utilization.

Kesoram has always combined technical progress

with industrial performance. The company had glorious track
record for the last 27 years in the industry.

Technology:

Kesoram cement uses most modern technology and

the computerized control in the plant. A team of dedicated and
well- experienced experts manages the plant.

The quality is maintained much above the bureau of Indian

standards.

The raw materials used for manufacturing cement

are:

• Lime stone
• Bauxite
• Hematite

38
• Gypsum

Environmental and Social Obligations:

For environmental promotion and to keep –up the

ecologicalbalancae,this section has planted over two lakhs
trees .on social obligation front ,this section has undertaken
various social welfare programs by adopting ten nearly
villages, organizing family welfare campus, surgical camps,
animal health camps blood donation camps, children
immunization camps, seeds, training for farmers etc were
arranged.

Welfare and Recreation Facilities:

For the purpose of recreation facilities 2 auditoriums

were provided for playing indoor games, cultural function and
activities like drama, music and dance etc.

The industry has provided libraries and

reading rooms. About 1000 books are available in the library.
All kinds of newspaper, magazines are made available.

39
 Canteen is provided to cater to the needs of the
employees for supply of snacks, tea, coffee and meals etc.

One English medium and one Telugu medium school

are provided to meet the educational requirements.

The company has provided a dispensar with a

qualified medical office and paramedical staff for the benefit of
the employees. The employees covered under ESI scheme
have to avail the medical facilities from the ESI hospital.

Competitions in sports and games are conducted ever

year for august 15th Independence Day and January 26th,
republic day among the employees.

Electricity:

The power consumption per ton of cement has

come down to 108 units against 113 units last year, due to
implementation of various energy saving measures. The

40
performance of captive power plant of this section continues to
be satisfactory. Total power generation during the year was 84
million units last year. This captive power plant is a major role
in keeping power costs with in economic levels.

The management has introduced various HRD

programs for training and development and has taken various
other measures for the betterment of employee’s efficiency.

The section has installed adequate air pollution

control system and equipment and is ISO14001 such as
Environment management system is under implementation.

Awards:

Kesoram cement bagged many prestigious

awards including national awards for productivity, technology,
conservation and several state awards since 1984. The
following are the some of important awards.

41
 AWARDS OF KESORAM CEMENT:

Nationa
l/
No Year Awards
state
1 1989- Management award State
90 community

Development
2 1991 Energy conservation may day State
award of the Govt.

3 1991 Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru State

rolling trophy for best
4 1993 National productivity effort State
indira Gandhi national award
5 1994 Best management award State
6 1994- Best industrial rebellion award State
1995
7 1995 Rural development by chief State
minister

Environment and mineral

conservation award
8 1995 Best industrial rebellion award State

9 1995- Best effort of an industrial Nationa

1996 unit to development rural

42
 economy shri.s.r.rungta l
award for social
10 1996 Awareness for best rural State
development efforts
11 1999 Best workers welfare best State
family welfare award
12 2001 First prize for mine State
environment &pollution
control for the 3rd year in
succession
13 2002 Vana mithra award from AP State
Govt
14 2003 Company has got OHSAS- State
18001
15 2005 Certification from DNV, New State
Delhi.
16 2006 Award for pollution control State
and environmental protection
FAPCCI award for best rural
development in the state

Products of the organization:

43
44
 DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION

1. Your organization provides opportunity for growth and security.

45
 OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree 46

Agree 50

Disagree 04

Strongly disagree 0

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees strongly agree that the KESORAM
provides opportunity for growth and security and some are disagree about this.

2. Pay and compensation package is adequate and fair in comparison to performance.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree 18

46
Agree 52

Neutral 18

Strongly disagree 12

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees agree for the reason of their pay and
compensation package is adequate and fair in comparison to performance and some are
disagree.

3. Medical facilities provided by the organization suites your health needs?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree 38

Agree 46

47
 disagree 14

Strongly disagree 0

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees agree and strongly agree for the
reason of the medical facilities provided by the organization which suits their health needs,
and few are disagree.

4. Your job allows you to use your skills and abilities.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree 22

48
 Agree 62

Disagree 12

Strongly Disagree 0

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees agree and strongly agree for using
their skills and abilities in their job.

5. Promotion policy of your organization ensures planned carrier growth.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Yes 42

No 40

49
 Can’t say 18

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are satisfied the promotion policy by
the organization which ensures planed career growth. But most of the employees are un-
satisfied by this policy.

6. Training facilities of your organization enhance your skills competencies.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Very true 28

Some what true 60

Not true 12

50
 Not at all true 0

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are some what true about the training
facilities of KESORAM that enhance their skill competencies and some employees are very
true and not true.

7. How would you describe relations at your work place with your superiors?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Very good 44

Good 52

Bad 0

51
Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are good at describing relations at
their workplace with their superiors. And some employees are very good in maintaining their
relation.

8. Your relation with your peers and subordinates are harmonious.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Very good 44

Good 40

Satisfactory 16

Bad 0

52
Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are very good and some and least
employees are good and satisfactory in their relation with their peers and sub-ordinates are
harmonious.

9. Your organization provides a mechanism to express your views and grievances.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree 16

Agree 48

Can’ say 18

disagree 18

53
Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees strongly agree and some employees
agree that their organization provides a mechanism to express their views and grievances.

10. Do you normally work as part of a team or do you work mostly on your own?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Yes I work a part of team 70

No I work on my own 18

I work as an individual 12

54
Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees work as a part of team and where
some employees work on their own and individual.

11. How often do you feel successful in your work?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Often 64

Sometimes 26

Rarely 10

Never 0

55
Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees often feel successful in their work but
some employees feel sometime successful in their work.

12. How often do you carry office work to your home as part of your job?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Never 62

Few times in a year 20

Once in a month 18

Once in a week 0

56
Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are never do carry office work to
their home as part of their job. And few employees do carry their work few times in a year
and least employees do carry their work once in a month

13. To what extent your organization provides scope for the employee’s Development?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

To great extent 18

To some extent 50

Satisfactory 20

Not satisfied 12

57
Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees to some extent accepted that
KESORAM provides scope for the employee’s development and some are satisfactory.

14. There is no discrimination and there is high degree of social integration at the
Workplace?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree 18

Agree 50

Neutral 22

Disagree 10

58
Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees agree and strongly agree that there is
no discrimination and there is high degree of social integration at workplace.

15. To what extent do you think that you are best suited for the job?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

To great extent 50

To some extent 28

Satisfactory 22

Not satisfactory 0

59
 Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees to great extent they think that they are
best suited for the job and some employees to some extent and satisfactory.

16. Which techniques are used to improve your work life?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

By doing hard work 26

With patience 18

Understanding others 12

Balancing both personal work &official work 44

60
Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are using the techniques to improve
their work life by balancing both personal work and official work and some employees by
doing hard work and some with patience and by understanding others.

17. How often do you go home in time?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Occasionally 38

Daily 44

Rarely 18

Never 0

61
Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees often go home in time by
occasionally and some they go daily and some are rarely.

18. How often your official commitments obstruct your personal and family works.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Always 12

Often 32

Rarely 46

Never 10

62
Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees are rarely obstruct their official
commitments in their personal and family works and some are often and always.

19. How often your personal works obstruct your official commitments?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Always 12

Often 16

Rarely 44

Never 28

63
Interpretation;

The survey revealed that most of the employees are rarely obstructing their personal
work in their official commitments and never for some employees.

20. The suggestion scheme in your organization is.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Very Effective 20

Good 56

Ineffective 24

64
Interpretation :

The survey revealed that the suggestion scheme is good and very effective in
KESORAM.

65
21. Quality orders are instrumented improving quality in work?

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly Agree 22

Agree 50

Neutral 16

Disagree 12

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that most of the employees agree for quality orders are
instrumented for improving quality in work and some are strongly agree.

66
22. Recognition & rewards are given based on employee performance.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Strongly agree 18

Agree 48

Neutral 16

Disagree 18

Interpretation;

The survey revealed that most of the employees agree and strongly agree for
recognition and rewards are given based on employee performance but some are disagree.

23. Are you able to balance your personal requirements without affecting your job
Requirements?

67
 OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

Always 46

Often 36

Rarely 18

Never 0

Interpretation;

The survey revealed that most of the employees are always and often able to balance
their personal requirements without effecting their job requirements.

24. How often social gatherings in departmental meetings are conducted in your
Department.

OPTIONS NO OF RESPONSES

68
 Once in a year 32

Quarterly once 38

Monthly once 10

Never 20

Interpretation :

The survey revealed that social gatherings and departmental meetings are conducting
less in KESORAM i.e. by quarterly once and yearly once.

SUGGESTIONS

The topic selected is quality of work life. The significance of selecting the topic
relates to its importance in the study to make the employees more efficient, so that
organizational goal can be achieved through personal development the study deals with the
particular view point on the quality of work life and analysis of their view point on the

69
training program. Many of the respondents agree and has adequate facilities fully equipped
with required teaching aids and congenial climate.

Most of the employees attended the Quality of work life program to gain knowledge
on their self interest but some of the respondents gave their suggestions so that the program
can be more effective

Some of the suggestions are as follows :

1. Work should be distributed among employees uniformly.

2. Job rotation.
3. Objective appraise
4. Transparent in communication both ways (Top level to Low Level vise versa)
5. more motivational classes on the attitudinal of the employee towards a job
6. man power system needs to be more effective
7. more social get together should be planed by official to meet the family member of
the employees
8. suggestion schemes should improve in the organization so that employees will be
effective towards work

70
 CONCLUSIONS

After conducting an intense study on quality of work life in KESORAM Ltd, the following
conclusions are derived.

Organization should focus on the benefit that are aimed to words self improvement of the
employees.

Organization need to maintain the appropriate balance of work.

Opportunity for career growth should improve.

Benefits provided by the organization are very good to satisfy the employee personal needs.

Teamwork in the organization is very good.

Organization should focus on the training sessions in order to motivate the employees.

Organization need to provide scope for the employee development.

There is no discrimination at work place.

The relationship with superior at workplace is good.

On the whole the quality of work life good.

ANNEXURE

71
Your organization provides opportunity for growth and security ?
(a) Strongly agree (b) Agree
(c) Disagree (d) Strongly disagree

Pay and compensation package is adequate and fair in comparison to performance ?

(a) Strongly agree (b) Agree
(c) Neutral (d) Disagree (e) Strong disagree.

Medical facilities provided by the organization suits your health needs?

(a) Strongly agree (b) Agree
(c) Disagree (d) Strongly disagree

Your job allows you to use your abilities?

(a) Strongly agree (b) Agree
(c) Disagree (d) Strongly disagree

Promotion policy of your organization ensures planned carrier growth?

(a)Yes (b) No (c) Cant say

Training facilities of your organization enhance your skills competencies?

(a) Very true (b) Some what true (c) Not true (d) Not at all true

How would you describe relations at your work place with your superiors?
(a) Very good (b) Good (c) Bad

Your relationship with your peers and subordinates are harmonious?

(a) Very good (b) Good (c) Satisfactory (d) Bad

72
Your organization provides a mechanism to express your views and grievances?
(a) Strongly Agree (b) Agree
(c) Cant say (d) Disagree (e) Strongly disagree.

Do you normally work as part of a team or do you work mostly on your own?
(a) Yes I work a part of team (b) No, I work on my own
(c) I work as an individual

How often do you feel successful in your work?

(a) Often (b) Sometimes
(c) Rarely (d) Never.

How often do you carry office work to your home as part of your job?
(a) Never (b) Few times in a year
(c) Once in a month (d) Once in a week
(e) More than once in week.

To what extent your organization provides scope for the employees development?
(a) To great extent (b) To some extent
(c) Satisfactory (d) Not satisfied.

There is no discrimination and there is high degree of social integration at the work place?
(a) Strongly agree (b) Agree (c) Neutral (d) Disagree.

To what extent do you think that you are best suited for the job?
(a) To great extent (b) To some extent
(c) Satisfactory (d) Not satisfactory.

73
Which techniques are used to improve your work life?
(a) By doing hard work (b) With patience
(c) Understanding others (d) Balancing both work &official work.

How often do you go home in time?

(a) Occasionally (b) Daily (c) Rarely (d) Never

How often your official commitments obstruct your personal and family works?
(a) Always (b) Often (c) Rarely (d) Never.

How often your personal work obstruct your official commitments?

(a) Always (b) Often (c) Rarely (d) Never

The suggestion scheme in your organization is?

(a) Very effective (b) Good (c) In effective.

Quality orders are instrumented improving quality in work?

(a) Strongly agree (b)Agree (c) Neutral (d) Disagree.

Recognition and rewards are given based on employee performance?

(a) Strongly agree (b) Agree (c) Neutral (d) Disagree

74
Are you able to balance your personal requirements without affecting your job requirements?
(a) Always (b) Often (c) Rarely (d) Never

How often social gatherings & departmental meetings are conducted in your department?
(a) once in a year (b) quarterly once (c)monthly once (d)disagree

BIBILIOGRAPHY

The Democratic Corporation -

by William O. Gimes.

Managing Human Resource -

by Wayne F .Cacao.

Democracy at Work -
(international series on the Quality of life)
by F.emry &E.Thorsurd

75
Company Profile - www. kesoram.com
www.idianhr qualitycheek.com
www.hrindia.com

76