Damaged white cells and

mast cells release

Histamines

Histamine cause
vasodilatations of arterioles;
increasing blood flow in
capillaries at infected site.

Histamines increase
the permeability of
the capillaries; cells in
the capillary walls
separate slightly, so
the vessels become
leaky

Plasma fluids,
white cells and
antibodies leak
from blood into
tissue causing
Oedema.

Macrophages
destroy 100
Chemical released by bacteria.
bacteria and cells They ingest debris
damaged at the site of from damaged cells
infection attract and foreign matter. Virus-infected cells
phagocytic white cells produce interferon
Ingested material is
enclosed within a It diffuses to the
Neutrophils engulf vacuole. surrounding cells
5-20 bacteria before where it prevents
they become Lysozyme fuse with viruses from
inactive and die. vacuole and the multiplying
enzymes are
Act as signal molecule in habiting viral
released and
protein synthesis, and in this way limits the
destroy the bacteria.
formation of new virus particles.