IR controlled water supply

By
Sandip Nair
sandipnair06@yahoo.com
sandipnair.hpage.com

Application:
The circuit has been designed which can be implemented in
home or any small restaurant economically for any type of water
supply unit, such as toilet flush, wash basin tap, drinking water from a
drum etc.
Circuit diagram:

Fig1. Circuit diagram

Part list:
i. Resistor(1kohm-5, 2kohm-1, 12kohm-1, 100ohm-1, 91kohm-1,
10ohm-1)
 ii. Capacitor( 0.1uf-1, 0.33uf-1, 1pf-1, 0.01uf-2, 100uf-1, 4.7uf-1)
iii. IR diode, IR receiver(TSOP1356)
iv. 555 timer IC-2
v. Relay (6V) – 1
vi. LED(RED-2, GREEN-1)
vii. Solar panel 6.7V
viii. NPN transistor( BC548-2)
ix. Solenoid valve
x. AC power supply for solenoid valve
xi. Connecting wires
xii. Multimeter
Working:
The circuit works with the detection of IR emitted by IR diode
and received by IR detector TSOP1356. The circuit analysis can be
done by dividing the circuit into different parts.
The circuit in fig1 is analyzed in two parts: -
1. Supply circuit
2. Astable circuit
3. Emitter circuit
4. Receiver circuit
5. Monostable circuit
6. Control circuit

Supply circuit:
 Fig2. Bridge circuit
The supply is given from a solar panel of output 6.7Vto the above
circuit which has a fixed 5V regulator. The voltage regulator L7805CV
is used to provide constant 5V dc voltage which provides on card
regulation. Maximum input voltage allowed is 35V.
I0=5mA to 1A P0<=15w

Astable circuit:

Fig3. Astable circuit

The astable circuit is designed to generate pulses of 56 kHz
frequency from the point A. In order to attain frequency of 56 kHz,
the resistors Ra, Rb and capacitor C are assumed a value from the
following formula.

f=

C=1pf, Ra=2kohm, Rb=12kohm

Emitter circuit:
 Fig4. Emitter circuit
The pulses coming from the astable circuit at terminal A is
connected to the base of NPN transistor as indicated in the above
circuit. As the transistor acts like a switch, thus due to the pulses
coming the IR diode starts emitting IR of carrier frequency of 56
kHz.
Receiver circuit:

Fig5. Receiver circuit

 The IR receiver used here is TSOP1356 which detects IR signal of

Fig6. Position of emitter and receiver

frequency 56 kHz. The position of the IR diode and TSOP1356
should be such that both are kept adjacent to each other, as shown in
the above photograph.
Monostable circuit:

Fig7. Monostable circuit

 The above monostable circuit connected with the TSOP1356
acts like a triggering circuit. When a positive trigger is given to the
circuit, the output at the terminal goes high for about ten minutes as
set by the values of resistor and capacitor. The required values are
calculated for the time of ten seconds is given by the formula given
below.

Where,
T=10seconds
Calculated,
R=91kohm
C=100uf

Control circuit:

Fig8. Control circuit

The above figure shows the relay connection to the solenoid
valve. Depending on the type of solenoid valve, the supply to the
valve can differ. If a new solenoid valve is bought from the market it
may cost a lot to the person who implements this circuit. I would
suggest that it would be better if the person go to a shop where
servicing of washing of washing machine or coffee machine in
done, he/she can get the required solenoid valve for free or at a
throw away price. I prefer this because I have done the same for my
circuit.
 Thus when a person keeps his/her hand in front of the IR
diode, the IR emitted reflects and strikes to the IR detector
TSOP1356 which is kept very close to each other, side by side but
not facing each other. When the TSOP1356 detects the IR, the
output goes low and when the hand is removed, there is no IR
detected by TSOP1356, thus the output goes high. During this
positive trigger edge the output of the monostable circuit goes high
for about 10secs and thus actuates the relay. This makes the solenoid
valve open and the water flows through the valve for 10secs and
then it closes again. If the hand is placed again during the period of
10secs when the valve is opened, there is no action taken by the
monostable circuit rather it continues to complete its function. Thus
the above circuit works as an IR CONTROLLED WATER
SUPPLY.