Chapter III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methodology, the research design, the study area, population

and sampling, instrumentation, the data gathering procedure, the data processing and statistical

treatment, and statistical tool to be used.

Research Design

This study will use the descriptive – correlational type of research, utilizing a one-shot

survey design. It is used to describe the relationship among the variables rather than infer cause

and effect relationship. It is a relational study that will investigate the relationship between the

knowledge level of primary caregivers on nutrition and the nutritional status of 2 to 5-year old

children in a focused community in Iloilo City. The independent variable in the study is the

knowledge level of primary caregivers on nutrition and the dependent variable is the nutritional

status of 2 to 5-year-old children.

The Participants

The participants will be __ primary caregivers of 2 to 5-year-old children who will be

randomly selected.

They will be classified according to age, sex, educational attainment, monthly income,

and employment status.

Research Instrument

A three-part researcher-made questionnaire will be utilized for this study. Part I

Personal Information which include personal data which include the primary caregiver’s name
(optional), age (as of last birthday), sex, educational attainment, monthly income, and
employment status.

Part II Knowledge on Nutrition consists of twenty (20) statements on nutrition to measure

the participants’ knowledge about nutrition. The participants will be requested to check True or
False. True means that the statement is correct, and False if otherwise. Every correct answer has
a corresponding score of one (1) point. For classification of level of knowledge, a scale of scores
will be utilized.
Scale of Score Description
0-6 points Poor
7-13 points Fair
16-20 points Good
Poor means that the respondents have inadequate information about nutrition.
Fair means that the respondents have adequate information about nutrition.
Good means that the respondents have very adequate information about nutrition.
Items which are true are placed on numbers 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 14, 16, 17, 21, 23, 24,
26, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33, 35, 36, and 37. False items are placed on numbers 1, 4, 6, 9, 13, 15, 8, 19,
20, 22, 25, 27, 31, 34, 38, 39, and 40.
The instrument will be submitted for face and content validation to a panel of three
validators. The corrections will be incorporated in the final draft. The instrument will be
translated to Hiligaynon for easy administration to the respondents and will be translated back to
English. The instrument will be tested for reliability with __ primary caregivers in _____.
Procedure

Approval to conduct the study will be secured from the dean of the College of Nursing.

Likewise, the consent of the City Health Officer will be sought by the researcher to gather data

from primary caregivers of 2 to 5-year-old children. After the approval, list of children will be

obtained from the records of the local health center of the focused community. A pre-survey will

be conducted to identify the primary caregivers of the 2 to 5-year-old children. An appropriate

sampling frame will be used in accordance with the number of available respondents.

After the research study will be conducted, results will be endorsed to the Local

Government Unit of the focused community. After their approval, a health class will be

conducted to correct misconceptions and enhance the knowledge of primary caregivers on

nutrition.

Ethical Considerations

As this study required the participation of human respondents, certain ethical issues will

be addressed. The consideration of these ethical issues is necessary for the purpose of ensuring

the privacy as well as the safety of the participants. Among the significant ethical issues that will

be considered in the research process include consent and confidentiality. The confidentiality of

the participants will be ensured by not disclosing their names or personal information in the

research. Only relevant details that will help in answering the research questions will be

included. To secure the consent of the selected participants, the researcher will relay all

important details of the study, including its purpose and benefits that the respondents could gain.

By explaining these important details, the respondents will be able to understand the importance

of their role in the completion of the research. Furthermore, the respondents will also be
informed that they could withdraw from the study even during the process. With this, the

participants will not be forced to participate in the research. 

Statistical Data Analysis

Data that will be obtained in this investigation will be subjected to the following

descriptive and statistical tools:

Mean

The obtained mean scores will be used to determine knowledge of primary caregivers on

nutrition of 2-5 year-old children in a focused community in Iloilo City.

Standard Deviation

The standard deviation will determine the dispersion of means.

t-test

The t-test for independent sample set at 0.05 alpha, will be used to determine the

significant relationship between the knowledge on nutrition of primary caregivers and nutritional

status of 2 to 5-year-old children.

ANOVA

Analysis of variance will be used to determine the significant relationship of age, sex,

educational attainment, income, and employment status to the knowledge on nutrition of primary

caregivers of 2 to 5-year-old children.

Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation

(Pearson-r)

The Pearson-r set at 0.05 alpha will determine the significant relationship between the

level of knowledge of primary caregivers.

The results will be set against Garret’s classification of rho value to determine the degree

of relationship.