Islamic World View and Civilization

Assignment 1
Number
Assignment Theology :
Tittle The Relationship of GOD to the Material World and men
Instructor’s Dr . Muhammad Junaid Nadvi
Name

Course Name Islamic World View & Civilization

Course Code GC-106

Group Noman Hanif Khan

Members Reg No : 903
Mehtab Ahmad
Reg No : 904
Abdul Bari
Reg No : 905
Jamal Ahmad
Reg No : 906
Mohammad Umer
Reg No : 908
Asif Sharif
Reg No : 909
Date of 28-3-2011
Submission
 Theology
The Relationship of GOD to the Material World and men .

Theology :
Theology is the branch of science in which the study of Religion is taken under
concentration , specially The Christian faith and relation of GOD to this Universe .
Theology is basically the Concepts of the believes of the peoples.

Islamic Theology :
Definition :

Islamic Theology is the Study of religion from the Islamic Prospective with reference
to Man-GOD Relations , GOD-Universe Relations and Man-Man Relations .

OR

Islamic Theology is a branch of Islamic Studies regarding the believes associated with
Islamic faith.

Theology is the Religious theory , School of thoughts (Devine club) or a System of

believes. System of believes includes Spiritual system , Social system , Economic
system and Political system.

In Sahih Muslim Abu Huraira reported:

َ َ‫ب َج ِميعًا َع ْن اب ِْن ُعلَيَّةَ ق‬

‫ال‬ ٍ ْ‫و َح َّدثَنَا أَبُو بَ ْك ِر ب ُْن أَبِي َش ْيبَةَ َو ُزهَ ْي ُر ب ُْن َحر‬
‫َّان َع ْن أَبِي ُزرْ َعةَ ب ِْن‬
َ ‫ُزهَ ْي ٌر َح َّدثَنَا إِ ْس َم ِعي ُل ب ُْن إِب َْرا ِهي َم َع ْن أَبِي َحي‬
َ َ‫ير َع ْن أَبِي هُ َري َْرةَ ق‬
‫ال‬ ٍ ‫َع ْم ِرو ب ِْن َج ِر‬
‫ال يَا‬ َ َ‫اس فَأَتَاهُ َر ُج ٌل فَق‬ ِ َّ‫ار ًزا لِلن‬ ِ َ‫صلَّى هَّللا ُ َعلَ ْي ِه َو َسلَّ َم يَ ْو ًما ب‬
َ ِ ‫ان َرسُو ُل هَّللا‬ َ ‫َك‬
‫ال أَ ْن تُ ْؤ ِم َن ِباهَّلل ِ َو َماَل ئِ َكتِ ِه َو ِكتَابِ ِه َولِقَائِ ِه َو ُر ُسلِ ِه‬
َ َ‫ان ق‬ُ ‫ُول هَّللا ِ َما اإْل ِ ي َم‬
َ ‫َرس‬
‫ث اآْل ِخ ِر‬ ِ ‫ َوتُ ْؤ ِم َن بِ ْالبَ ْع‬.
“One day the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) appeared before the public
that a man came to him and said: Prophet of Allah, (tell me) what is Iman. Upon this
he (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, His angels, His
Books, His meeting, His Messengers and that you affirm your faith in the Resurrection
hereafter. (Book 1, Number 0004: Chapter 2 : WHAT IS IMAN AND WHAT ARE ITS
CHARACTERISTICS).
There are five articles of belief.

1-Belief in GOD.
2-Belief in Angels.
3-Belief in Books.
4-Belief in All the Messengers of ALLAH(S.W.T).
5-Belief in the Day of Judgement.

These articles are based on Quranic Verses.

‫ض ٰلاًۢل‬ ٓ ‫هّٰلل‬
َ ‫َو َم ْن يَّ ْكفُرْ بِا ِ َو َم ٰل ِٕٕىِ… َكتِ ٖه َو ُكتُبِ ٖه َو ُر ُسلِ ٖه َو ْاليَ ْو ِم ااْل ٰ ِخ ِر فَقَ ْد‬
َ ‫ض َّل‬
۰۰۱۳۶‫بَ ِع ْي ًدا‬
( 136 : ُ‫النِّ َسٓاء سُوْ َرة‬ )
“Whoever disbelieveth in GOD, His Angels , His Scriptures , His Messengers and the Last
Day has Certainly gone for stray”.

Relationship of ALLAH according to Quranic Verses and AlHadith :

Some of the verses regarding ALLAH(S.W.T) nearness to us are giving below:

A- One group states His nearness :

“Verily I am near, I answer the caller” .
B- A second group of verses states that He is relatively nearer to man than others.

ِ ‫َو نَحْ ُن اَ ْق َربُ اِلَ ْي ِه ِم ْن ُك ْم َو ٰل ِك ْن اَّل تُب‬

‫ْصر ُْو َن‬
۰۰۸۵
( 85 : ُ‫) ْال َواقِ َعة س ُْو َرة‬
“And We are nearer to him than you but you do not see ”.

C- Another group of verses indicates that He is closer to man than his jugular vein.

( 16 : ُ‫س ُْو َرة‬ ‫ٓق‬ )

۰۰۱۶‫َو نَحْ ُن اَ ْق َربُ اِلَ ْي ِه ِم ْن َحب ِْل ْال َو ِر ْي ِد‬

“And We are closer to man than his jugular vein”.
 D- Another group states that ALLAH(S.W.T) is Closer to man than man himself ,
like following verse .

‫ َو‬١ۚ‫ٰۤياَيُّهَا الَّ ِذي َْن ٰا َمنُوا ا ْستَ ِج ْيب ُْوا هّٰلِل ِ َو لِل َّرس ُْو ِل اِ َذا َد َعا ُك ْم لِ َما يُحْ يِ ْي ُك ْم‬
۰۰۲۴‫ا ْعلَ ُم ۤ ْوا اَ َّن هّٰللا َ يَح ُْو ُل بَي َْن ْال َمرْ ِء َو قَ ْلبِ ٖه َو اَنَّهٗۤ اِلَ ْي ِه تُحْ َشر ُْو َن‬
( 24 : ُ‫) ااْل َ ْنفَال س ُْو َرة‬
“O, You who believe , answer ALLAH and the Prophet when they call you to
what will give you life know that ALLAH stands between man and his Heart”.

A beautiful Story :

A person came crying and weeping to Sheikh Shiblee (Rehmat ULLAH Alayh) and
said , “O , Sheikh , I have destroyed myself ; make duaa for me that may
ALLAH(S.W.T) take me away from this world ”. People , whose relationship with
ALLAH(S.W.T) is strong , will never ever dream of committing Suicide . Those people
who will ultimately , want to Commit suicide because they will get sick of this world .
Those who enjoy the pleasures of the world by committing Pins will be surrounded by
problems from all four sides . They have brought these problems upon themselves
through disobedience to ALLAH(S.W.T) . Such people begin to feel they will only find
peace , if they are dead .

ALLAH(S.W.T) states on another place in Quran :

ُ ‫ َو هّٰللا‬١ؕ‫قُلْ اِ ْن ُك ْنتُ ْم تُ ِحب ُّْو َن هّٰللا َ فَاتَّبِع ُْونِ ۠ ْي يُحْ بِ ْب ُك ُم هّٰللا ُ َو يَ ْغفِرْ لَ ُك ْم ُذنُ ْوبَ ُك ْم‬
۰۰۳۱‫َّح ْي ٌم‬ ِ ‫َغفُ ْو ٌر ر‬
(31 : ُ‫ِع ْم ٰرن ٰا ِل سُوْ َرة‬ )
Say,[O , Mohammad (P.B.U.H)] , “If you should love ALLAH, then follow me , [so]
ALLAH will love you and forgive you and your sins And ALLAH is forgiving and
Merciful ” .

Hadith : (Sahih Muslim)

Prophet Mohammad (S.A .W) has said , “ALLAH(S.W.T) stretches out His Hand so
that He Tray Forgive the one who has sinned during the day and He stretches out His
Hand during the day so that He may forgive the one who has sinned during the
night”.

َ َ‫ك َح ٰتّى يَاْتِي‬

۰۰۹۹‫ك ْاليَقِي ؒ ُْن‬ َ َّ‫َو ا ْعبُ ْد َرب‬
( 31: ُ‫) ْال ِحجْ ر س ُْو َرة‬
“And Worship you LORD until there comes to you the Certainly(death)”.

We drowned in sins completely . We should strengthen our relationship with

ALLAH(S.W.T) . And the way of strengthen ours relations with ALLAH(S.W.T) can be
expressed under the light of following Quran Aya and Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W)
Hadith :

 Quran Aya:

That which Allah giveth as spoil unto His messenger from the people of the townships, it is
for Allah and His messenger and for the near of kin and the orphans and the needy and the
wayfarer, that it become not a commodity between the rich among you. And whatsoever
the messenger giveth you, take it. And whatsoever he forbiddeth, abstain (from it). And
keep your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is stern in reprisal. (Qur'an 59:7).

 Prophets Hadith :

‫ص ح و َح َّدثَنَا أَبُو بَ ْك ِر ب ُْن أَبِي‬ ِ ‫َح َّدثَنَا يَحْ يَى ب ُْن يَحْ يَى التَّ ِمي ِم ُّي أَ ْخبَ َرنَا أَبُو اأْل َحْ َو‬
‫ص َع ْن‬ ِ ‫َش ْيبَةَ َح َّدثَنَا أَبُو اأْل َحْ َو‬
َ ‫ق َع ْن ُمو َسى ب ِْن طَ ْل َحةَ َع ْن أَبِي أَي‬
‫ُّوب قَا َل‬ َ ‫أَبِي إِس‬
َ ‫ْح‬
ُ‫صلَّى هَّللا ُ َعلَ ْي ِه َو َسلَّ َم فَقَا َل ُدلَّنِي َعلَى َع َم ٍل أَ ْع َملُه‬ َ ‫َجا َء َر ُج ٌل إِلَى النَّبِ ِّي‬
‫ك بِ ِه َش ْيئًا‬ ِ َّ‫يُ ْدنِينِي ِم ْن ْال َجنَّ ِة َويُبَا ِع ُدنِي ِم ْن الن‬
ُ ‫ار قَا َل تَ ْعبُ ُد هَّللا َ اَل تُ ْش ِر‬
‫ك فَلَ َّما أَ ْدبَ َر قَا َل َرسُو ُل‬ َ ‫ص ُل َذا َر ِح ِم‬ ِ َ‫صاَل ةَ َوتُ ْؤتِي ال َّز َكاةَ َوت‬ َّ ‫َوتُقِي ُم ال‬
‫ك بِ َما أُ ِم َر بِ ِه َد َخ َل ْال َجنَّةَ َوفِي ِر َوايَ ِة‬ َ ‫صلَّى هَّللا ُ َعلَ ْي ِه َو َسلَّ َم إِ ْن تَ َم َّس‬
َ ِ ‫هَّللا‬
‫ك بِ ِه‬ َ ‫اب ِْن أَبِي َش ْيبَةَ إِ ْن تَ َم َّس‬
“It is narrated on the authority of Abu Ayyub that a man came to the Prophet (may
peace be upon him) and said: Direct me to a deed which draws me near to Paradise and
takes me away from the Fire (of Hell). Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) said: You worship
Allah and never associate anything with Him, establish prayer, and pay Zakat, and do good
to your kin(relitives). When he turned his back, the Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) remarked : If he adheres to what he has been ordered to do, he would enter
Paradise. (Sahih Muslim Book 1, Number 0013).

At another place Prophet (S.A.W) says :

‫ث بْ ِن ُسلَْي ٍم مَسِ َعا‬

ِ ‫ني واأْل َ ْشع‬ ِ
َ َ ٍ ‫َح َّدثَنَا حُمَ َّم ُد بْ ُن بَشَّا ٍر َح َّدثَنَا غُْن َدٌر َح َّدثَنَا ُش ْعبَةُ َع ْن أَيِب َحص‬
َ َ‫َس َو َد بْ َن ِهاَل ٍل َع ْن ُم َع ِاذ بْ ِن َجبَ ٍل ق‬
‫ال‬ ْ ‫اأْل‬

َ َ‫صلَّى اللَّهُ َعلَْي ِه َو َسلَّ َم يَا ُم َعاذُ أَتَ ْد ِري َما َح ُّق اللَّ ِه َعلَى الْعِبَ ِاد ق‬
ُ‫ال اللَّه‬ َ ُّ ‫ال النَّيِب‬ َ َ‫ق‬
َ َ‫ال أَ ْن َي ْعبُ ُدوهُ َواَل يُ ْش ِر ُكوا بِِه َشْيئًا أَتَ ْد ِري َما َح ُّق ُه ْم َعلَْي ِه ق‬
ُ‫ال اللَّه‬ َ َ‫َو َر ُسولُهُ أ َْعلَ ُم ق‬
‫ال أَ ْن اَل يُ َع ِّذ َب ُه ْم‬
َ َ‫َو َر ُسولُهُ أ َْعلَ ُم ق‬
Narrated Mu'adh bin Jabal:

The Prophet said, "O Mu'adh! Do you know what Allah's Right upon His slaves is?" I said,
"Allah and His Apostle know best." The Prophet said, "To worship Him (Allah) Alone and
to join none in worship with Him (Allah). Do you know what their right upon Him is?" I
replied, "Allah and His Apostle know best." The Prophet said, "Not to punish them (if they
do so)." (Volume 9, Book 93, Number 470)