01
Protection Relays
MiCOM P145
Feeder Management Relay
Customer Benefits
• 1A & 5A in same relay
• Wide auxiliary supply voltage range
• Programmable Function Keys
• Flexible LED indication
• Option of multiple communication
protocol and interfaces, including
IEC 61850
• High break output contact capability
internal to main protection - no
reliance on auxiliary devices
MiCOM P145 feeder management relay provides an
integrated solution for the complete protection, control
and monitoring of overhead lines and underground
cables from distribution to transmission voltage levels.
With a wide range of protection functions and relay
flexibility, it is suitable for application on varied network
requirements from solidly grounded systems to the more
specialized petersen coil grounded system requirements.
A customizable user interface and programmable
graphical scheme logic provides simple and flexible
application. The integrated user function keys and
tri-color programmable LEDS provide a cost effective
solution for full feeder scheme applications.
Simply combine the relay with a P891 (trip/close
module) and P991(test block) in a frame and a
complete 19” rack mounted feeder scheme is
engineered. Use the function keys to replace control
scheme switches and save on engineering time and
wiring costs.
With optional High Speed - High Break contacts, the
high break performance ensures no burn-out of contacts
during normal operation or situations such as breaker
failure, or defective CB auxiliary contacts. The need for
external electromechanical trip relays can be reduced/
removed by transferring the high rating and durability
duties into the MiCOM device thus giving further
application and cost benefits.
Numerous integrated communication protocols,
including IEC 61850, provides interfacing to almost
any Substation Automation System or SCADA systems.
Development is continuous to ensure compatibility with
the latest protocol enhancements. A range of hardware
interfaces are available for easy integration into any new
or legacy system.
 02
Protection Relays MiCOM P145

Protection Functions Overview

Ansi Iec 61850 Feature P145
50/51/67 OcpPTOC /RDIR Directional / non-directional, instantaneous / time delayed phase overcurrent (6 stage) •
EfdPTOC / Directional / non-directional, instantaneous / time delayed, measured earth fault
50N/51N/67N •
EfmPTOC (4 stage)
67N SenEftPTOC Sensitive directional earthfault (SEF/ I Cos φ, I Sin φ) •
67W SenEftPTOC Wattmetric earthfault •
YN Neutral admittance protection •
64 SenRefPDIF Restricted earthfault •
Blocked overcurrent •
Selective overcurrent •
Cold load pick-up •
51V Voltage controlled overcurrent •
46 NgcPTOC Directional / non-directional negative sequence overcurrent (4 stage) •
49 ThmPTTR RMS thermal overload (single / dual time constant) •
37P / 37N Phase and neutral undercurrent •
27 VtpPhsPTUV Under voltage (2 stage) •
59 VtpPhsPTOV Over voltage (2 stage) •
59N VtpResPTOV Residual over voltage (Neutral displacement) (2 stage) •
47 NgvPTOV Negative sequence overvoltage •
81U PTUF Under frequency (9 stage) - Advanced •
81O PTOF Over frequency (9 stage) - Advanced •
81R PFRC Rate of Change of Frequency Protection (9 stage) - Advanced •
81RF Frequency supervised rate of change of frequency (9 stage) – Advanced •
81RAV Average rate of change of frequency (9 stage) – Advanced •
Frequency based load restoration (9 stage) – Advanced •
Rate of change of voltage protection (2 stage) •
BC Broken conductor (open jumper) •
50BF RBRF Circuit breaker failure (1/3 pole initiation) •
VTS Voltage transformer supervision (1, 2 & 3 phase fuse failure detection) •
CTS Current transformer supervision •
49SR Silicon rectifier overload protection •
79 RREC 4 shot three pole auto reclose •
25 RSYN Check synchronising (2 stage) + System Split •
2nd Harm Block 2nd Harmonic Blocking •
32R/32L/32O Phase segregated power •
Sensitive power •
FnkGGIO Function Keys 10
LedGGIO Programmable LEDs (tri-color) 18
OptGGIO Digital inputs (maximum) * 32
RlyGGIO Output relays (maximum) (Hi Break-Hi Speed options) * 32
Front communication port (RS232) •
Rear communication port (Kbus/RS485) •
Rear communication port (RS485/Optic/Ethernet) Option
Second rear communication port (RS232/RS485) Option
Time synchronisation port (IRIG B modulated/un-modulated) Option
InterMiCOM teleprotection for direct relay - relay communication EIA (RS) 232 for
Option
MODEM links upto 19.2kbit/sec
* Please note that there is a maximum on the I/O combination
 03
Protection Relays MiCOM P145

Application
The MiCOM P145 relay offers integral overcurrent
and earth-fault protection as well as numerous
protection functions. It is suitable for application + Close + Trip
52A 52B
on solidly grounded, impedance grounded, T P991 P145 P891

Petersen coil grounded and isolated systems. 2 1 2

Va
Close – – Trip 2 3 4
Vb
Full Scheme Application 2 5 6
Vc Close PB
2 7 8
The relay is especially suitable where a complete 1 9 10 Trip
Input
scheme solution is required and comprises 1 11 12 CB Closed
+ Trip
function keys for integral scheme control 8 13 14 A

functionality. The application shows the P145 8 15 16

8 17 18
combined with the P891 and P991 to provide B
Trip PB
9 19 20
a complete feeder scheme solution. The P891 8 21 22 C
provides relay independent tripping and closing 9 23 24
functionality where required. This functionality 25 26 N
CB Open
Input

can also be integrated with the P145 to make 27 28

use of relay functions such as check SEF

synchronising or autoreclosing. Shorting

Bars

Typical P145 Scheme application

Functional overview

IEC 2nd Remote

Remote Remote
Remote Local
Local Fault records
Fault records Disturbance
Disturbance
61850 comm. port
comm. port comm. port
comm. port Communication
Communication Record
Record
Measurements
Measurements
Selfmonitoring
Self monitoring

X 50/51
50/51
50N/ 67/ 67N/67W
67N/67W 51V
51V 46 49
37P/
37P/
YN
YN 49SR
49SR CTS
CTS
51N
51N 67N
67N /64 37N
37N
V ref

IE sen

27/ 81U/81O
81U/81O Function
59N
59N 47 50BF
50BF VTS
VTS 79 25 PSL
PSL LEDs
59 /81R
/81R Keys

Y Binary
Input / output
always available
optional
Feeder management P145

(Description of ANSI code nos. see Function Overview)

Reduce engineering and wiring costs with

this single box feeder management relay
 04
Protection Relays MiCOM P145

Management functions IEC/UK cur ves

TMS = 1
In addition to the wide range of protection
functions listed in the table, the P145 has 1000

the following integral measurement, control,

monitoring, post fault analysis and
self-diagnostic functions.
100
• Measurement of all instantaneous &

Operating
integrated values

time (s)
• Circuit breaker control, status & condition
monitoring. 10
• Trip circuit and coil supervision
• 4 alternative setting groups UK LTI

• Programmable Function Keys IEC SI

• Control inputs 1
• Fault locator RECT
IEC VI
• Programmable scheme logic
IEC EI
• Programmable allocation of digital inputs
and outputs 0.1
1 10 10 0
• Sequence of event recording Current (Multiples of I s)
• Comprehensive disturbance recording
IEEE/US curves
(waveform capture)
• User configurable LEDs (tri-color) TD = 7
• Local and remote communication ports 10 0
• Multiple communication protocol and
interface options
• Time synchronisation
• Fully customizable menu texts
• Multi level password protection 10
• Power-up diagnostics and continuous
Operating

self-monitoring of relay
time (s)

• Read Only Mode

• Enhanced opto input time stamping
• Enhanced Check Syn. feature 1
IEEE MI
Main Functions IEEE VI

Protection functions are autonomous and can be
individually configured or disabled to suit a
particular application.
Phase Overcurrent
Six independent stages are available for each
phase overcurrent element and the two ground
fault elements. The first ground-fault element
operates from measured quantities and the
second element operates from derived quantities
calculated from the three phase currents.
Each stage may be selected as non-directional
or directional (forward/reverse). All stages have
definite time delayed characteristics and three of
the stages may also be independently set to IDMT
tripping characteristic. The IDMT stages have a
programmable reset timer for grading
electro-mechanical, to reduce autoreclose dead
times and to reduce clearance times where
intermittent faults occur.
US CO2
US CO8
IEEE EI
0.1
1 10 10 0
Current (Multiples of I s)
Choice of IDMT characteristics
A voltage controlled overcurrent function can be
enabled on the first two stages of the main
phase overcurrent elements. Voltage controlled
overcurrent provides back-up protection for
remote phase faults whilst remaining insensitive
to load.
The directionality of the ground fault elements is
provided by either residual voltage or negative
sequence voltage polarising.

Protection Relays MiCOM P145
Negative sequence overcurrent
Four independent stages are available and each
stage may be selected as non-directional or
directional (forward/reverse). All stages have
definite time delayed characteristics and two of
the stages may also be independently set to IDMT
tripping characteristic. Directionality is achieved
with negative sequence voltage polarising.
Sensitive earth fault
A separate four stage sensitive ground fault
element is provided and is selected as non-
directional or directional (forward or reverse).
Directionality of the element is provided by the
residual voltage polarising. As an alternative, a
directional I cos φ characteristic can be used for
Petersen coil ground fault protection using the
sensitive ground fault input. A directional I sin φ
characteristic is also available for protection of
insulated systems.
Neutral admittance protection
Three single stage elements are provided for
non-directional over-admittance, non-directional/
directional over-conductance and non-directional/
directional over-susceptance.
Restricted earth fault
Restricted earth fault protection is provided for
protection of transformer winding against ground
faults and may be configured as either high
impedance or low impedance biased differential.
I DIFF
Operate
K1 0% to 20%
K2 K2 0% to 150%
I s1 0.08 to 1. 0 I n
Restrain I s2 0.10 to 1. 5 I n
K1
I s1
I s2 I BIAS
REF biased differential characteristics
2 Harmonic Blocking
nd
The 2nd Harmonic Blocking detects high inrush
current inflows that occur when transformers or
machines are connected. The function will block
the Phase over current, Earth fault, Sensitive
Earth fault and Negative sequence over current.
Use MiCOM P145 for rapid and selective
clearance of system faults.
05
RMS Thermal Overload
Thermal overload protection provides both alarm
and trip stages. The thermal element may be set
with either a single time constant characteristic for
the protection of cables or dry transformers, or a
dual time constant characteristic to protect oil filled
transformers. In the event of loss of auxiliary supply,
the thermal state is stored in non-volatile memory.
Under/Overvoltage & Rate of Change
of Voltage
Under/overvoltage protection may be configured
to operate from either phase-phase or phase-
neutral quantities. Two independent stages with
definite time elements are available and one of
the stages can also be configured as an inverse
characteristic.
Two stages of rate of change of voltage
protection elements are also available, which are
independently settable.
Residual Overvoltage
Residual overvoltage protection is available for
detecting ground faults in high impedance
grounded or isolated systems. The neutral voltage
is derived from the three phase voltage inputs.
Two independent measuring elements with
definite time characteristics are available, one
of the elements can also be configured to have
an inverse characteristic. Negative sequence
overvoltage protection provides either a tripping
or an interlocking function, upon detection of
unbalanced supply voltages.
Frequency
Nine stages each of over frequency, under
frequency, rate of change of frequency, frequency
supervised rate of change of frequency, average
rate of change of frequency, frequency based load
shedding during severe system disturbances.
Phase segregated power
Two stages of power protection are provided
and each stage can be independently configured
to operate as Over power or Under Power and
Forward or Reverse direction. The relays provide
a standard 3 phase power protection element and
also a single phase power protection element.
Sensitive power
Two stages of sensitive power protection are
provided, these can be independently selected as
reverse power, over power, low forward power or
disabled depending upon the operating condition.
 06
Protection Relays MiCOM P145

Autoreclose Current transformer supervision is provided

to detect loss of phase CT signals and inhibit
The P145 provide three-pole multi-shot
the operation of current dependent protection
autoreclosing. The user may select a single,
elements.
two, three or four shot autoreclose cycle, with
independently settable dead times and reclaim
time. Autoreclose can be initiated from the internal Control and indication
protection elements or from external protection
Programmable Scheme Logic
via an opto input. Advanced features include live
line working and sequence co-ordination. Programmable scheme logic allows the user to
customize the protection and control functions.
Check Synchronism It is also used to programme the functionality of
An adaptive two stage check synchronism the optically isolated inputs, relay outputs and
function is available for use in conjunction with LED indications. The programmable scheme
automatic or manual (re)closure. This function logic comprises of gate logic and general purpose
also provides advanced signal indication of timers. The gate logic includes OR, AND and
system conditions and can for example be used majority gate functions, with the ability to
in situations where slip frequency and phase invert the inputs and outputs, and provide
angle for synchro check changes under certain feedback. The programmable scheme logic is
system conditions. configured using the graphical MiCOM S1 Studio
PC based support software.
Circuit Breaker Failure Protection
0º Check Sync
Stage 2 Limits
Check Sync
Stage 1 Limits
Function Keys
V BUS Ten function keys are available for implementing
Live Volts
scheme control functionality. The function keys
Rotating
Vector operate in two modes, normal and toggled,
Nominal
Volts and activate associated signals in PSL that can
V LINE
easily be used to customize the application.
Dead Volts The following examples illustrate how scheme
functionality can easily be implemented for use
with the function keys.
• Remote CB control enable/disable
• Auto-reclose enable/disable
• Sensitive earth fault enable/disable
±180º
• Auto-reclose lockout reset
System Split
Limits

Adaptive Check Sync functionality

Two stage circuit breaker failure protection may

be used for tripping upstream circuit breakers and
retripping of the local circuit breaker if required.
The circuit breaker failure logic may also be
initiated from a single pole condition from external
devices if required.
Voltage Transformer Supervision
Voltage transformer supervision is provided
to detect loss of one, two or three VT signals,
providing indication and inhibition of voltage
dependent protection elements. An optically
isolated input may also be configured to initiate
the voltage transformer supervision alarm and
blocking when used with MCBs or other external
forms of voltage transformer supervision.
Current Transformer Supervision

Programmable scheme logic editor (MiCOM S1 Studio) indicating function key application.
 07
Protection Relays MiCOM P145

Each function key has an associated tri-color LED Plant Supervision

(red, green, yellow) allowing for clear indication of
the associated function’s state.
Circuit Breaker Control
Circuit breaker control is available from the front
panel user interface, optically isolated inputs and
remotely via the substation communications.
Blocking of Circuit breaker control can also be
done via the function keys when programmed
in PSL.
Indication
Eighteen tri -color LEDs are available for user
programming. The LED colors (red, green or
yellow) are driven via digital databus signals in
PSL and can be programmed to indicate up to
four conditions/states. For example.
• Off- Not in service,
• Red- CB closed,
• Green-CB open,
• Yellow-CB not healthy
Trip circuit supervision
Supervision of the trip circuit in both circuit
breaker open and closed states can be
realised using the optically isolated inputs and
programmable scheme logic.
Circuit breaker state monitoring
An alarm will be generated if there is a
discrepancy between the open and closed
auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker.
Broken conductor
The broken conductor protection detects
unbalanced conditions caused by broken
conductors, maloperation of single phase of
switchgear or by single phasing conditions. It
operates on the ratio of I2 to I1.

Integration of P145 into a substation control system

P145 provides up-to-date versatile communication options.


Protection Relays MiCOM P145
Circuit breaker condition monitoring
The circuit breaker condition monitoring features
include:
• Monitoring the number of breaker trip
operations
• Recording the sum of the broken current
quantity ΣIX, 1.0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0
• Monitoring the breaker operating time
• Fault frequency counter
Information interfaces
Two communication ports are available
as standard; a rear port providing remote
communications and a front port providing local
communications.
The front RS232 port has been designed for use
with MiCOM S1, which fully supports functions
within the relay by providing the ability to
programme the settings off-line, configure the
programmable scheme logic,
extract and view event, disturbance and fault
records, view the measurement information
dynamically and perform control functions.
The default remote communications are based on
RS485 voltage levels. Any of the protocols listed
below can be chosen at the time of ordering.
• Courier / K-bus (optic interface also available)
• Modbus (optic interface also available)
• IEC60870-5-103 (optic interface also available)
• DNP 3.0 (optic interface also available)
Schneider Electric
35, rue Joseph Monier
CS 30323
92506 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex, France
Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 29 70 00
RCS Nanterre 954 503 439
Capital social 896 313 776 €
www.schneider-electric.com
EnergyAutomation-DS-P145-2111-EN
08
• IEC 61850 (over 100 Mbit/s fiber/copper
Ethernet)
IEC 61850 is available when the optional Ethernet
port is ordered. IEC 61850 offers high-speed data
exchange, peer-to-peer communication, reporting,
disturbance record extraction and time
synchronization.
Redundant Ethernet is available in various options
(Self healing ring, RSTP and Dual homing star).
P145 has 128 virtual inputs with an improved
GOOSE performance.
An optional second rear courier communications
port is available which may be configured as
RS232, RS485 or K-Bus.
Device Track Record
• MODN launched in 1998 and over 2000
sold units.
• P14x MiCOM series introduced in 1999.
Worldwide application, with over 10000
units delivered.
• Introduction of phase II hardware of
MiCOM P14x in 2002.
• Addition of UCA2 protocol and ethernet
port in 2004
• Addtion of IEC 61850 protocol in 2006
© 2010 Schneider Electric - All rights reserved
As standards, specifications and designs change from time to time, please ask for confirmation
of the information given in this publication.
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Publishing: Schneider Electric
Design: Schneider Electric
Printing:
10-2010