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    Index

    Uploaded by

    Janitha Batagoda

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    of 7

    Subject Index

    Absorption, 260, 262, 273-278, Biosensors, 218, 525, 557, 559-561,


    283-286, 289 563-564, 570, 572
    Acetic acid plasma, 567 Bottom up, 4-5
    Activation process, 590 Boudouard reaction, 32
    Actuators, 191, 307, 309 BuckminsterfuUerene C^o, 6-7, 525
    Adhesive, adhesive strength, 640 Bulk growth, 85, 95
    Adsorbate species, 585 Bulk heterojunction, 611, 614,
    Adsorption of gases, 425^26 621-622, 626
    Adsorption, 323-337, 340-341, Bulk, 259, 261, 264, 266, 269, 276, 279,
    343-348, 350, 352, 583, 585, 592 283, 289
    Aerogel-supported CVD, 18
    Agglutination, 136, 138 Cgo, 155-164, 166-171, 173, 175-180,
    Alcohol catalytic CVD, 18, 31 611, 614-615, 617-622, 624,
    Alcohols, 86, 88, 92, 95 627-628
    Aligned carbon nanotube-DNA Carbon blacks, 127-133, 137-142, 148,
    sensors, 567 611-612, 617
    Aligned carbon nanotubes, 208, 214, Carbon monoxide, 86, 95
    542, 550, 559, 567, 570 Carbon nano-onions, 127-128,
    Aligned MWNTs, 20, 24 132-134, 139-142, 149
    Aligned nanotube, 15, 31 Carbon nanotube fluorescence, 222
    Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 566 Carbon nanotube, 15, 22, 27, 31-35,
    ALP-1, 565 39, 43-44, 191-193, 195-196, 200,
    Amines, 279 202-206, 208, 211, 213-214, 216,
    Ammonia, 532, 541, 544 218, 220, 222-223, 225, 227, 297,
    Annealing, 53-54, 59, 65, 67-77 323-325, 328, 333-334, 337,
    Antioxidant, 236-238, 241, 244-246 339-340, 342-344, 347, 611, 619,
    Antiviral activity, 247-248 622
    Arc-discharge, 16-17, 22-26, 28, 34-35, Carbon nanotubes, 255-256, 270, 273,
    40-43 281
    Arcing, 592 double-walled (DWNT), 285, 287
    Arc-vaporization, 15, 36 metalhc, 255-257, 259-263,
    Artificial muscles, 8 265-267, 269-277, 279,
    Asymmetric end-functionalization, 195 281-285, 287-289
    Atomic force, 4 multi-wall carbon nanotubes
    Atomic oxygen, 677-678, 680, 685 (MWNTs), 255
    Attachment of dichlorocarbene, 198 semiconducting, 255-257, 259-263,
    265-277, 279, 281-289
    Ball milling, 53-59, 61-67, 69, 71-74, semi-metallic, 255, 259-260
    77 single-walled (SWNT), 255
    Band-gap, 255, 260-261, 263, 274, 286 Carbon nanotubes, 53
    Batteries, 54, 115, 306 closing, 26, 37
    Benzylamine, 543, 546 fiUing, 34
    728 Subject Index

    multi-walled (see multi-walled Daunomycin, 564, 569-570


    carbon nanotubes), 15 Defects, 362, 378-380, 393-395, 398, 400,
    single-walled (see single-walled 409, 421-423, 434-435, 439, 457, 471
    nanotubes), 15, 22 Deformation, 363, 366-368, 371,
    synthesis, 15 377-379, 381, 383-384, 386, 398,
    Carboxylic acid, 559-560, 563, 567, 570 402, 405-406, 408
    Catalytic CVD, 579, 590 Degradation of field emitters, 592
    cDNA, 567 Desorption, 583-585, 592
    Chemical force sensors, 215 Detonation, 8
    Chemical functionalization, 376, Diameter control, 98, 100
    397-398, 495, 508, 517 Diameters of SWNTs, 84
    Chemical polymerization, 214-215 Diamond, 4, 6-8, 140-141, 143, 148
    Chemical sensors, 220, 525, 532, 541 Diazonium, 276-277
    Chemical seperation, 495 Dielectric constant, 8
    Chemical vapor deposition (CVD), Dielectrophoresis, 44, 270
    18-19, 29, 31-32, 81, 85, 579 Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV),
    Chips, 702, 719 564
    Chiral angle, 255, 260 Diffusion coefficient, 442, 456-457
    Chirality, 255, 257, 263, 267, 269, 277, Diode-type structure, 600-601
    280, 287, 365, 378, 387-388, Dipole moment, 448, 451, 454, 463-i65
    390-391, 395, 397, 404, 406, 408, Dissipation factor, 8
    411, 421, 439, 442, 448-449 DNA sensors, 562-564, 567
    CNT, 619-620, 622, 624-625, 628 DNA, 272, 274
    CO2 laser, 28, 32 DNA-CNT hybrid, 44-45
    Coatings, 677, 685, 688-691, 693 Doping, 256, 260, 273-274, 285
    Cobaltocene, 20-21 Double-walled carbon nanotubes
    Colloidal solution, 8, 239, 617 (DWNTs), 34
    Combustion engine, 3
    Complementary DNA (cDNA), 567 Elastic response, 367, 379
    Computer, 3-4 Electric generator, 3
    Conditioning catalyst, 35-36 Electrical breakdown strength, 8
    Conductivity, 259, 266, 283, 527, 532, Electrochemical cell, 225-226
    535-536, 539, 554, 556, 564, 677, Electrochemical, 15, 43, 297, 299
    690-692, 694 synthesis, 15
    Confinement, 5 oxidation, 43
    Conjugated polymer, 614, 621-622, 627 Electrochemistry, 122
    Contact resistance, 596 Electrodes, 297-299
    Continuous laser, 28 Electroless deposition, 206
    Coulomb interaction, 552 Electrolysis, 18
    Covalent coupling, 192 Electrolyte, 446, 464-468
    Covalent functionalization, 192, 202 Electromagnetic interference
    Cryptand, 528-531 shielding (EMI), 652, 663, 665
    Cycloaddition, 157-163, 165-168, 173, Electron field emitting, 8
    178 Electron transfer glucose biosensors,
    Cytochrome, 557, 559 559
    Subject Index 729

    Electronic band structures of SWNTs, Field emission microscopy (FEM),


    83 577
    Electronic devices, 378, 388, 397-398, Field emission, 577-582, 585-586,
    401-402,411 592-593, 596, 600, 602, 606
    Electronic properties, 363, 387-391, Flame synthesis, 33
    393, 395, 397-398, 400, 405-406, Flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD), 560
    408-409, 433, 437, 463 Flexural strength of epoxy/CNT
    Electronic structure, 34, 44 composites, 646, 651
    Electrophoresis, 43 Floating catalyst, 85-89, 91
    Electrophoresis, 588-590, 593, 602, Flow sensor, 548-549
    606 Fluid viscosity, 549
    Electrostatic charging/spray painting, Fluidized-bed method, 30
    662 Fluorescence, 261, 263, 268, 272, 274
    Electrostatic discharge, 689 Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) theory, 586
    Emission site density, 590, 604 Fracture of CNTs, 643
    Emission stability, 577, 591-592 Fracture toughness, 644-645,
    Emission uniformity, 577, 590, 602, 648-650
    604, 606 Free electron laser, 28
    Encapsulation, 203, 220 Fullerene C^o, 6-7
    End functionalization, 192, 220 Fullerene gas sensors, 527
    Energy storage, 323-324 Fullerene humidity sensors, 526
    Enrichment, 257, 263, 265-267, 269, FuUerenes, 6-7, 15, 34, 36-37,
    275, 279, 281, 283 109-111, 119-120, 122-123,
    Environmental stability, 8 155^164, 167-180, 526-531, 618,
    Enzyme biosensors, 557 620, 627, 702-705
    Enzymes, 557, 559 Functional groups, 363, 427, 465
    Epoxy, 633, 637-663, 665, 667 Functionalisation, 297, 300
    ESA, 616-618 Functionalization of carbon nanotube,
    Ethanol, 543, 546 192, 196, 200, 202, 204
    Excited state absorption, 616 FunctionaUzation, 44, 274-277, 279,
    Exciton dissociation, 611, 613-614, 281, 287
    621, 627-628
    Excitonic, 552-554 Gas sensors, 527, 531-532
    Excitons, 552 Gaseous adsorption, 433
    Explosive electron emission, 140 Gatekeeper, 510
    Glass carbon, 563
    Failure modes, 596 Glassy carbon, 565-566
    Fe(C0)5, 21, 29, 32 Glucose biosensor, 559-561
    Fermi levels, 554 Glucose oxidase, 557-558, 562
    Ferrocene, 20-22, 24, 29 Glucose, 557-563
    FET devices, 256, 277, 281 Graphene, 36-37
    Field emission displays (FEDs), 6, 8, Graphite, 6-8, 15, 17-18, 23, 25-28, 33,
    26, 577 35-37
    Field emission energy distribution Graphitized carbon black, 138
    (FEED), 586 Guanine, 571
    730 Subject Index

    Hardness, 645, 648, 650-651 Long nanotubes, 101


    Hexadecanetiol, 543 Low earth orbit, 677
    Hexane, 531
    Hexene, 530-531 Mackay crystals, 127, 142-143,
    HFCVD, 31 146-147
    High pressure CO disproportionation Magnetic field, 17
    process, 32 Mechanism of soot and fuUerene
    High-resolution electron microscopy, formation, 135
    15 Mechnochemical reactions, 204
    HiPco, see High pressure CO Medicinal chemistry, 235-236
    disproportionation process, 32 Membrane, 491, 493-504, 506-511,
    Histogram, 405 515-520
    Horseradish peroxidase, 557, 559 Membranotropic action, 247
    Humidity sensor, 526-527, 541 Metallicity, 255, 277, 287
    Hybridization, 563-569, 571 Metallocene, 20-22, 29, 37
    Hydrogen bonding (HB), 446 Methanol, 528-530, 549-550
    Hydrogen peroxide, 557-558 Micelles, 44
    Hydrogen sensors, 534 Microelectromechanical systems
    Hydrophilic, 171 (MEMS), 8, 470, 471
    Hydrothermal, 18, 39 Microfiltration, 40
    Microscope (AFM), 4
    Immobilization, 558, 568 Microscopy, 257
    In situ transmission electron Military applications, 633, 637,
    microscopy, 577-578, 593 651-652, 657-659, 661-662, 667
    Industrial revolutions, 3 MobiUty, 396, 443, 456-457
    Information technology, 3 Molecular machine, 5
    Innerwall modification, 200 Molecular transport, 437-439, 443, 462
    Intercalation, 43 Molecular-filtration membranes, 8
    Interfacial adhesion, 547, 549 Multi-wall carbon nanotubes
    Interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of (MWNTs), 8, 15, 53, 81, 191, 323,
    epoxy/CNT composites, 642, 645, 541, 619, 634, 684
    647 Multi-walled (see multi-walled carbon
    Internal, 3 nanotubes), 15, 16, 18, 31, 32
    Ion bombardment, 592 MWNT, 620, 624
    Ionic strength, 549 Myoglobin, 559

    Junctions, 395, 397-400 Nafion, 533-535, 557, 568


    Nanobiotechnology, 701
    Kataura plot, 260-261, 263, 281, 283 Nanocomposite, 191, 226-227
    Nanodiamonds, 6, 8
    Large-size field emission displays, 602 Nanopore, 220
    Laser ablation, 27-28, 33 Nanostructure, 37, 38, 139, 308, 351,
    Laser assisted thermal CVD, 18 640
    Laser vaporization, 26, 28 Nanotechnology, 3-6, 8-9
    Length control, 101 Nanotube-based FET (NFET), 554
    Lighting elements, 578, 596 Nanowire, 712-713, 718
    Subject Index 731

    NASA, 625 Physical wrapping, 202


    Near-infrared spectroscopy, 26, 40 Plasma rotating electrode, 17
    Nebulized spray pyrolysis, 20, 23 Plasma, 195, 212-214, 220
    Negative Gaussian curvatures, 146-147 Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor
    NH3, 527, 532-535, 541-542, 544 deposition (PECVD), 550, 606
    Nickelocene, 20-22, 29 Plastic response, 378
    Nitrogen dioxide, 532 Platinum, 568-569
    Nitronium, 277-278 Poisoning effect, 585
    NMR, 265-266 Polar organic molecules, 528, 530
    NO2, 527, 532-535, 541 Pollution, 3
    Nobel laureate, 3 Polyaniline, 562
    Nobel Prize, 4, 6 Polyethyleneimine (PEI), 533
    Nonlinear absorbing, 615-616 Polyimides, 690-691
    Nonlinear optical properties, 612 Polypyrrole, 562, 564
    Nonlinear scattering, 611, 615, Polypyrrole/oligonucleotide, 564
    617-619, 628 Porous materials, 323, 333
    n-type, 533, 537, 554 Porphyrin, 282, 284, 286
    Nucleic acids, 701 PPV, 621-624, 627
    Prions, 701, 706-708, 717
    Octadecylamine, 4 3 ^ 4 Pristine fuUerene, 235-239, 244-249
    Oligonucleotides, 563-564, 567-568 Production costs of major nano-
    Optical limit, 611-613, 615-620, carbon materials, 128
    627-628 Protein channel mimick, 491, 496
    Optoelectronic devices, 222, 227 Protein fibril, 704, 707, 709, 719
    Organic photovoltaic device, 620 Proteins, 5, 9, 557, 564, 701-704,
    Organic solar cell, 613-615, 622, 706-707, 709, 711-717, 719
    624-625, 627-628 p-type, 532-533, 536-537, 554
    Organometallic precursor, 37 Pulsed laser, 27-28
    Orientation control, 101 Purification, 15, 24, 30, 34, 39-43
    Osmylation, 277 PV, 611-613, 620-622, 624, 627-628
    Outerwall functionalization, 196 Pyrene, 281, 283-285
    Oxidant, 236-238, 240-241, 244 Pyrolysis, 15, 18, 20-24, 29, 31-32,
    Oxidation of carbon nanotubes, 192 36-38
    Oxygen pressures, 528 Pyrolytic synthesis of C^o, 127, 142-143

    P30T, 625-626 Quantization effect, 5


    PCBM, 615, 621, 622 Qu2intum dot, 626
    Pd, 535-536
    Peapod, 33-34, 377, 423 Radial breathing mode, 44
    PECVD, 19, 31 Radiation effects, 685
    PEI, 533-535 Radiation shielding, 677
    Phonons, 392, 415, 418, 420, 422, 424 Raman spectroscopy, 29, 35, 42-45, 546
    Photo-induced electron tranfer, 613 Raman, 262-265, 270-273, 276-279,
    Phototoxicity, 245 281, 283, 285, 289
    Photovoltaic device, 611, 620 Resistive (Joule) heating, 592
    Photovoltaics, 175 Resonance frequency, 526
    732 Subject Index

    Reverse saturable absorption, 617 Solar energy, 33


    Roll-to-roll, 615 Solar sails, 694
    RSA, 617-618 Solid state formation, 53, 67, 72, 73, 77
    Solvent ordering, 491
    SA, 617 Space elevator, 693-694
    Saturable absorption, 617 Space, 677-678, 680-683, 685-694
    SAW, 528-531 Spatial velocity hodograph, 37
    Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Specific heat, 415, 417-419, 432
    24, 62, 86, 89, 109 Spin-coating, 619
    Scanning probe microscopy, 4 Spin-on glass, 209
    Scanning tunneling microscope Spiroid, 132-136, 142
    (STM), 4, 109 Spiroid-to-onion transformation, 133
    Schwarzites, 147-148 Steam engine, 3
    Screen printing, 588, 596-597, 600, Stirred-media milling, 8
    602, 605, 621 STM, 4-5
    Screening effect, 590 Stone-Wales rearrangement, 134, 136,
    Seebeck coefficient, 538 145, 146
    Self-assembling, 4 Strand DNA (dsDNA), 567
    Self-assembly, 109, 206-207 Superhard carbons, 127, 143
    Self-healing, 665 Supported catalyst, 85-86, 88
    Semiconducting states, 220 Supramolecular, 172, 174-175, 178,
    Semiconducting, 255-257, 259-263, 180
    265-277, 279, 281-289 Surface charge, 446-447, 458, 465
    Semi-metallic, 255, 259-260 Surface growth, 85, 88-89, 95-96
    Sensing applications, 517 Surface modification, 532, 572
    Sensors, 7-9 Surface, 323-324, 326-327, 331-337,
    Separation, 255-257, 260, 266, 269, 339-341, 343-344, 347-352
    271, 273-274, 276-277, 279, 281, Suspension, 611, 617, 619, 627-628
    283-285, 287, 289 Synthesis, 13, 15, 17-18, 20-22, 24, 26,
    Sidewall fluorination, 196 28, 30-31, 33, 35, 3 8 ^ 0 , 43
    Sidewall functionalization, 196-197
    Single wall carbon nanotube, 7 Tensile strength of CNTs, 650, 651
    Single-molecular transistor, 8 Tensile strength of epoxy, 650
    Singlestrand DNA oligonucleotides Tensile strength of epoxy/CNT
    (ssDNAs), 567 composites, 651
    Single-walled carbon nanotubes Thermal conductivity, 24, 28, 365, 415,
    (SWNTs), 8, 15, 17, 22, 23, 32, 33, 418^23, 677, 691-692, 694
    34, 43, 619 Thermal evaporation, 33
    sidewall, 26, 40 Thermal properties, 361, 415
    synthesis, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30-31, 38 Thermally assisted field evaporation,
    Single-walled nanohoms (SWNHs), 17, 592
    326 Thermoelectric power (TEP), 538
    Size of catalyst nanoparticles, 94 Thermopower, 415, 424-425
    Size-dependent properties, 3, 5 Top down, 4-5
    Smart materials, 659, 662 Toxicity, 235, 245-246
    Solar cell, 613-615, 621-628 TPA, 616-618
    Subject Index 733

    Transmission electron microscope Water and carbon nanotubes, 447


    (TEM), 7 Wetting, 445-446
    Transparent electrical conductors, 553 Work function, 581, 592
    Transportation, 220
    Triode-type structure, 600, 603 X-ray sources, 578, 605
    Triton X-100, 44
    Tunneling probability, 586 Yarmulke, 36-37
    Two-photon excitation, 552-554, 616 Young's modulus of epoxy/CNT
    composites, 641
    van Hove singularity, 555 Young's modulus, 365, 367-368, 373,
    Vapor phase deposition, 29, 34 377-378
    Vapor-phase-growth, 20
    Virucidal action, 243 ZeoUte, 147, 201, 267, 339, 442, 494

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