Creating Zero Electromagnetic

Field

Azim Fikri b. Mhd Subre

2010892724
 What is a magnetic field? Magnetic field is created when electric current
flows, the higher the current, the stronger the magnetic field. The connection
between electric current and magnetic field was first observed when the
presence of a current in a wire near a magnetic compass affected the direction of
the compass needle. We now know that current gives rise to magnetic fields,
just as electric charge gave rise to electric fields. Magnetic field is something
that we cannot see but we can experience the presence of it. For example is the
force of magnetic field made the things on earth sticks on earth which we also
called gravitational force but how do we define the magnetic field B ?.

As same as electric field, a magnetic field can be defined as force per unit
charge.
(E=F/q).Electric and magnetic fields (EMFs) are invisible lines of force linked
with the production, transmission, and use of electric power such as those
associated with high-voltage transmission lines, secondary power lines, and
home wiring and lighting. Electric and magnetic fields also arise from the
motors and heating coils found in electronic equipment and appliances.

In this paper we will discuss about how to create zero electromagnetic

field. One of the ways to obtain the zero magnetic fields is by the process called
magnetic shielding. In magnetic shielding process, high permeability materials
will allow more magnetic flux passing through. It collects flux from the space
nearby. To do the shielding, first we must know the concept of demagnetization.
In this situation, the experiment will be conduct by using a Metglas.
 Fig 1. A type of metglas

As theory, the earth magnetic field is about 0.5 Gauss, this amount of
magnetic field can make a metglas become magnetized. When the shield is
magnetized, it will automatically produced the shield itself. A technique of
demagnetization by applying an alternating B-field through the shield can be
used, but it requires an environment with B-field lower than 0.01 Gauss. In
order to give back the Earth field, a pair of square coil was designed and
constructed.

The calculation of the shielding factor is based on the equation:

Maximum Shielded Field = max. Hs < Hs + Uncertainty of Hs

Shielding Factor = S = H0 /Hs
S > H0 / max. Hs
Minimum Shielding Factor = min. S = H0 / max. Hs
 In another hand the coil”s B-filed as a function of spatial coordinates of a
square coil pair with length 2R and coil separated by L. Add up the field
provided by every single straight segment of current wire. Since the field of a
single straight segment of wire is well known, transformation of spatial
coordinates and direction of field is the only need.

Fig 2: Square Coils.

The square can produce a uniform B-field pointing to one specific

direction. So it can be adjust to a manner that the vector sum of the Earth field
and the coil field is zero.This is happened when the net electromagnetic field is
zero. It was like the two source of electromagnetic field is cancel each other in
a direction.
References:

1. Cheung, M.F. (2003). Zero Magnetic Field Environments for EDM

Measurement. Department of Physics, the Chinese University of Hong
Kong.
2. van Bladel, J.G (2007). Electromagnetic Fields. John Willey & Sons Inc.
3. http://mypages.iit.edu/~smile/guests/gsmxsec1.htm as extracted on
February 2nd 2011.