ELLENKI COLEGE OF ENGG&TECH

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 ELLENKI COLEGE OF ENGG&TECH
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 ELLENKI COLEGE OF ENGG&TECH
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 ELLENKI COLEGE OF ENGG&TECH
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 ELLENKI COLEGE OF ENGG&TECH
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 ELLENKI COLEGE OF ENGG&TECH
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AN AIRPORT SIMULATION

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 ELLENKI COLEGE OF ENGG&TECH
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A multi-threaded airport simulation

Overview
A critical step of the project is to design a modeling and
simulation infrastructure to experiment and validate the proposed
solutions.

The ever growing demand of air transport shows the

vulnerability of the current air traffic management system:
congestion, time delays, etc. particularly in poor whether
conditions.

The project is focused on controller and pilot assistance

systems for approach and ground movements. The critical step of
the project was to design an airport modeling and simulation
infrastructure to improve the safety and efficiency of ground
movements in all whether conditions. It simulates the arrivals and
departures at an airport in a time sequence. During every minute,
planes may enter the system, they may land, they may take off, or
they may crash. The project must keep track of planes, assign
planes to runways, execute the take offs and landings, and keep
track of status of each plane, runway and terminal.

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So the finally made computer software should model

various aspects of the total airports operation-connecting airside
and landside, literally from the airspace to the curb.

As part of case study, following analysis diagrams will be created

1. Use cases for the system.
2. Class diagram for initially identified classes.
3. Activity diagram to show flow for each use case.
4. Sequence and collaboration diagrams.
5. State chart diagram shows states before and after each action.

Conceptualization
Assumptions:
o All takeoffs take the same amount of time and all landings
take the same amount of time (though these two times
may be different).
o Planes arrive for landing at random times, but with a
specified probability of a plane arriving during any given
minute.
o Planes arrive for takeoff at random times, but with a
specified probability of a plane arriving during any given
minute.
o Landings have priorities over takeoffs.
o Planes arriving for landing have a random amount of fuel
and they will crash if they do not land before they run out
of fuel.

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Input will be:

o The amount of time needed for one plane to land.
o The amount of time needed for one plane to takeoff.
o The probability of a plane entering the landing queue in
any given minute.
o The probability of a plane entering the takeoff queue in
any given minute.
o The maximum minutes until a plane waiting to land will
crash.
o The status of each runway, plane and terminal.

The output of the program will be:

o Total simulation time.
o The number of planes that took off in the simulated time.
o The number of planes that landed in the simulated time.
o The average time a plane spent in the takeoff queue.
o The average time a plane spent in the landing queue.
o Updated status of each runway, plane, and terminal.

Key terms:
o Aircraft simulation.
o Airport: runways, terminals, planes, control room.
o Aircraft: passengers, model no, cockpit, pilots.
o Function points:
 Transmit/receive signals
 Pilot sends signals for takeoff/landing

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 Loop
-Check status of each runway
-Finalize a free runway
-Assign the runway to the plan
 Update status of runway and terminal
 Get the plane landed safely
 Check if time left for next departure
 Loop
-Check the status of each terminal
-Validate if terminal suitable for particular aircraft
-Assign terminal to aircraft
 Get the plane parked in the terminal.
 Update status of terminal

Requirement analysis:

Textual analysis:
This covers the requirements and diagrams of the project.
The complete simulation of airport control system.

Actors:
These are who are involved in interaction of the whole
process.
1. Technical head: He is the person who supervises the
controls the ground traffic on runway. He checks the status of
runways and assigns the free runways and terminals for take
off and landing.

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2. Pilot: He is the person who controls the aircraft. He transmits

or receives signals regarding the free runways and terminal
from the control room. He is responsible for the safe landing
or takes off of the planes.

Use cases:
The steps involved in the whole process are indicated as use
cases:
o Transmit / Receive signals.
o Check availability of runways.
o Land the plane.
o Check if time left for next departure.
o Check for free terminal.
o Update status of runway, terminal.

1. Transmit / Receive signals: The pilot in the aircraft

transmits signals for requesting a free runway to take off
or land. The control room on the ground receives these
signals from the aircrafts.
2. Check availability of runway: The status of each runway in
the airport is checked if it’s free and its going to be free
until the particular aircraft is landed or takes off. If this is
going to be free then the runway number is transmitted to
the pilot on aircraft.
3. Land the plane: The plane is landed safely on the airport
as per directions given by the control room regarding
runway and timings.

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4. Check if time left for next departure: If the plane leaves

immediately after landing then assign again a runway for
take off. If there is still time then the plane has to be
parked in a terminal.
5. Check availability of terminals: The status of each
terminal is to be checked to find a free terminal. It should
be checked whether that particular model of plane fits into
that terminal. Then that particular terminal has to be
assigned to the plane.

6. Update status: The status of runway and terminal are to

be set to be using while using them. The status has to be
immediately changed as soon as the work is complete.
This should be supervised carefully to avoid collisions and
crashes of aircrafts.
Classes:
The classes contain the attributes and operations related to
them the main classes classified in this solution are:
1. Control Room: He is the person who supervises the
controls the ground traffic on runway. He checks the
status of runways and assigns the free runways and
terminals for take off and landing.
2. Plane-Cockpit: He is the person who controls the aircraft.
He transmits or receives signals regarding the free
runways and terminal from the control room. He is
responsible for the safe landing or takes off of the plane.

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3. Runway: This is the part the planes uses to land or take

off only one plane can use a runway at a time to take off
or land.
4. Terminal: This is the place where the planes are parked
until the next departure. The terminals differ in size and
shape. The plane suitable fro that particular terminal is to
be parked in it.
5. Take off / Land: The leaving of plane is called take off and
coming back to runway is called landing. The runway is
used for either purpose.
Diagrams
The diagrams are of two types:
1. Static diagrams
Static diagrams are again divided into four:
a)Class diagram
b) Object diagram
c) Component diagram
d) Deployment diagram
a. Class diagram
A class diagram shows a set of classes, interfaces and
collaborations and their relationships.

Classes of airport simulation are:

CLASS ATTRIBUTES OPERATIONS

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Control room -Technical head –no of +Receive signals form

staff –systems to planes (). +Check for
control free runway () +send
runway no () +check
time for next departure
() +Look for free
terminal () +send
terminal no to plane ()
+Get palne parked ()
Take off/Landing -runwayno –flight no – +Update status of
status –time taken runway after each take
off or landing ()

Plane-Cockpit -no of pilots –flight no –+Send signals to

destination -timings ground station ()
+receive runway no ()
+Land on runway ()
+Request terminal if
time left for next
departure () +Receive
terminal no () +Get the
plane parked in the
terminal ()
Terminal -no of terminals -size of -----------
terminal –flight model
which fits in –status of
terminal
Runway -no of runways -length +Update status of
of runway –status of runway after each take
runway –free timings – off or landing()
runway no

2. Dynamic Diagrams

They are divided into five:

1. Usecase Diagram: Organizes the behavior of the system.

2. Sequence Diagram: Focused on the time ordering of
messages.

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3. Collaboration Diagram: Focused on structural organization of

the objects that send and receive messages.
4. Statechart Diagram: Focused on changing state of system
driven by events.
5. Activity Diagram: Focused on the flow of control from activity
to activity.

1. Use case diagram

A use case diagram shows a set of use cases and actors and their
relationships.

Actors Use cases

Technical head .Transmit/Receive signals

.Look for free runway
.Check whether conditions
.Give directions to aircrafts
.Look for free terminal
.Get the plane parked in the free
terminal
Pilot .Transmit/receive signals
.Land or take off the plane safely
.Give acknowledgement about
the timings to control
.Get the plane into the free
terminal

2. Sequence Diagram:
A diagram is an interaction diagram that emphasizes the
time ordering of messages. It consists of set of objects and actor.
Actors
1. Technical head: He is the person who supervises the
controls the ground traffic on runway. He checks the status of
runways and assigns the free runways and terminals for take off
and landing.
2. Pilot: He is the person who controls the aircraft. He
transmits or receives signals regarding the free runways and

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terminal from the control room. He is responsible for the safe

landing or takes off of the planes.
Objects
1. Runway: This is the path the plane uses to land or take off.
Only one plane can use a runway at a time to take off or land.
2. Take off/Landing: The leaving of plane is called take off
and coming back to runway is called landing. The runway is used
for either purpose.
3. Whether Conditions: The whether department decodes the
atmospheric data files from the current whether conditions and
sends them to the control room. The systems in the control room
checks whether the condition is suitable for landing the planes.
4. Terminal: This is the place where the planes are parked
until the next departure. The terminals differ in size and shape. The
plane suitable for that particular terminal is to be parked in it.
5. Cockpit: He is the person who controls the aircraft. He
transmits or receives signals regarding the free runways and
terminal from the control room. He is responsible for the safe
landing or takes off of the planes.

3. Collaboration Diagram:
A collaboration diagram is an interaction diagram that emphasizes
the structural organization of the objects that send and receive
messages. It shows set of objects, links among those objects and
messages sent and received by those objects.

4. State Chart Diagram:

A state chart diagram shows a state machine, consisting of states,
transitions, events and activities. It emphasizes the event ordered
behavior of an object, which is especially useful in modeling
reactive systems.

5. Activity Diagram:
An activity diagram shows the flow from activity to activity within a
system. It emphasizes the flow of control among objects.

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