VIII.

DRUG STUDY

SIDE EFFECTS/ NURSING CONSIDERATIONS/

DRUG INDICATION ACTION PATIENT TEACHINGS
ADVERSE EFFECT CONTRAINDICATIONS
• Assess vital signs.
Date Ordered: As prophylaxis One of the primary ADVERSE EFFECTS:
November 8, 2010 of GI mechanisms of • Monitor CBC and liver function tests. 1. Instruct the patient
hemorrhage hydrochloric acid CV:Cardiac arrhythmia, on proper use of OTC
Generic Name: secretion is bradycardia • Assess patient for epigastric or abdominal preparation, as
Ranitidine HCl histamine pain and frank or occult blood in the stool, indicated.
stimulation of CNS:vertigo, malaise, emesis, or gastric aspirate.
Brand Name: histamine (H2) headache, somnolence, 2. Urge patient to
Ranitidine receptors on the fatigue, dizziness, • Inform patient that it may cause avoid cigarette
stomach’s parietal hallucinations, depression, drowsiness or dizziness. smoking because this
cells. The H2 may increase gastric
insomnia
Classification: antagonists act by • Inform patient that increased fluid and secretion and worsen
Antiulcer drugs blocking H2 GI: constipation, diarrhea, the disease
fiber intake may minimize constipation.
receptors, resulting
nausea, vomiting,
Dosage: in a decrease in the 3. Inform the patient
abdominal pain, • Advise patient to report onset of black,
30 mg intravenously volume of acid that side effects may be
Every 8 hours secreted. The pH of tarry stools; fever, sore throat; diarrhea; experienced
Hematology:Agranulocyt dizziness; rash; confusion; or hallucinations
the stomach
contents rises as a osis, autoimmune to health care professional promptly. 4. Advise patient to
result of the haemolytic or aplastic report abdominal pain,
reduction in acid. anemia thrombocytopenia, unusual bruising,
granulocytopenia severe headache,
muscle/joint pain, and
EENT: blood in stool or
blurred vision emesis
 NURSING
SIDE EFFECTS/
DRUG INDICATION ACTION CONSIDERATIONS/ PATIENT TEACHINGS
ADVERSE EFFECT
CONTRAINDICATIONS

Date Ordered: For fever Produces analgesia ADVERSE EFFECTS: 1. Instruct the patient that the
November 8, 2010 by blocking pain 1. Contraindicated to patients drug is only for short-term use
impulses by Hematologic: Hemolytic with hypersensitivity to drug. and to consult prescriber if giving
Generic Name: inhibiting anemia, neuropenia, to children for longer than 5 days
Paracetamol synthesis of leukopenia, pancytopenis 2. Use cautiously in patients with or adults for longer than 10 days
prostaglandin in long-term alcohol use because
Brand Name: the CNS or other Hepatic: jaundice therapeutic doses can cause 2. Advise patient or caregiver
Tempra substances that hepatotoxicity in these that many OTC products contain
sensitize pain Metabolic: hypoglycaemia patients. acetaminophen; be aware of this
Classification: receptors to when calculating daily dose
Nonopiod analgesics stimulation. The Skin: rash, urticaria 3. Use liquid form for children
and antipyretics drug may relieve and patients who have 3. Tell the patient not to use for
fever through difficulty swallowing. marked fever (temperature higher
Dosage: central action in than 39.5oC, fever persisting
300 mg the hypothalamic 4. In children, don’t exceed five longer than 3 days, or recurrent
intravenously every heat-regulating doses in 24 hours fever unless directed by prescriber
4 hours for center.
temperature >38 oC 4. Warn patient that high doses
then PRN or unsupervised long-term use can
cause liver damage.