Aditi Consultancy Services

#2, ‘ANANDA’, 19th Cross, 24th Main

J P Nagar 5th Phase, Bangalore-560078
Phone/Fax: 080-26580711; Mobile: 9449612671
Web Site: http://www.aditiconsultancy.com
 Geometric Dimensioning and
Tolerancing
Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing is an international
language used to accurately describe a part in engineering
drawings.

It consists of a well-defined set of symbols, rules,

definitions and conventions that can be used to describe
the size, form, orientation and location tolerances of part
features.

G D & T is an exact language that enables designers to

“say what they mean” through a drawing.

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 Benefits of using GD&T
• Functional dimensioning is the design philosophy of
GD&T
• GD&T's datum system clearly conveys one set up for
inspection
• GD&T allows round tolerance zones
• GD&T allows a “bonus” tolerance
• GD&T reduces assembly problems
• GD&T supports the use of SPC
• GD&T is supported by national and international
standards

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 Strategy 1
Linear Dimensioning

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 Strategy 2
Combination of Linear & Geometric Dimensioning

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 Strategy 2
Combination of Linear & Geometric Dimensioning

0.1 A
± 0.1
80

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 Strategy 3
Geometric Dimensioning

10

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 GD&T Applied to Sheet Metal Part

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 35
36

Find the mistakes in the drawing

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 COORDINATE V/s ROUND TOLERANCE ZONE

Ø20.28

68±0.1

100±0.1
Ø20.28

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 ROUND TOLERANCE ZONE

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 Feature & Feature of Size

Feature:
A feature is a specific characteristic portion of a part
such as a surface, hole, slot, screw, thread or profile.

Feature of Size:
A feature of size (FOS) is one cylindrical or spherical
surface or a set of two opposed elements or opposed
parallel surfaces, associated with a size dimension.

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 Actual Mating Envelope
External Feature Internal Feature

Maximum
Minimum
Inscribed circle
Circumscribed circle

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 Precision Cylindrical Fit

Ø 20.008
Ø 20.003

Should be less than 20.008

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 Feature Control Frame

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 Geometric Characteristic Symbols
Type of
Characteristic Symbol Applicable For
Tolerance

Straightness

Flatness
Individual
Form
Features
Circularity

Cylindricity

Profile of a Line
Individual or
Profile
Related Features
Profile of a surface

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 Geometric Characteristic Symbols
Type of Symbol
Characteristic Applicable For
Tolerance

Angularity

Orientation Parallelism

Perpendicularity

Position
Related Features
Location Concentricity

Symmetry

Circular Runout
Runout

Total Runout

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 Modifying Symbols

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 STRAIGHTNESS

Straightness of surface element

of a cylindrical surface

The tolerance zone is limited by

two parallel planes 0.1mm apart.

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 Straightness of Axis at RFS

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 Straightness of Axis at MMC

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 Functional Gage

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 Tangent Plane

A plane contacting the high points of the surface

shall lie within two parallel planes 0.1 apart
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 ANGULARITY
The condition of a surface, center plane or axis being exactly at
a specified angle
The tolerance zone is limited by two
parallel planes a distance t apart and
inclined at the specified angle to the
datum
0.08

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 Position tolerance of Multiple Holes

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 Projected Tolerance Zone

Fastener and Hole

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 Profile Between Basis

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 Exercise
Complete the following table:
Type of Datum Required MMC/LMC Applicable
Characteristic Symbol
Tolerance Yes / No Yes / No

Form

Profile

Orientation

Location

Runout

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 If you have any queries please contact:

A Raghunath
Aditi Consultancy Services

Email: training@aditiconsultancy.com

Tel / Fax: 91 80 26580711; Mobile: 9449612671

Web http://www.aditiconsultancy.com

Aditi Consultancy Services, Bangalore http://www.aditiconsultancy.com