CSE 2200- SOFTWARE

DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
Name of the project: Wireless controlling pc
by using Bluetooth supported mobile.

Project supervisor
Mr. Sheikh Md. Masudul Ahsan

Assistant Professor

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Khulna University of Engineering and Technology

Khulna-9203

Project submitted by
Samiul hoque Prosenjit Shaha

Roll: 0507035
Roll:0507012
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all we acknowledge to almighty ALLAH for completing this

project successfully. Then we are grateful to our project supervisor whose
intelligent direction has made the task easier to accomplish. A special thanks to
the Head of the Department of Computer science & Engineering to allow us to
take several components from the Hardware and Interfacing Lab as also to the
teacher who has assigned us this project.
INDEX

1. Objectives

2. What is Bluetooth

3. The Bluetooth Protocol Stack

4. RFCOMM

5. Profiles

6. Java Bluetooth API

7. The Basic components of a Bluetooth Application

8. How to make connection between mobile and a PC

9.The Client Program

10. Basic Parts of the Client Program

11.The Java Communication API

12.The Receiver Program

13. The Basic Parts of the Receiver Program

14. Limitations

15. Conclusion

16. Resources

17. Installation Process:

Objectives
The objective of this project is to a develop software
that will perform basic PC controlling operations and
some external device controlling operation using
Bluetooth radio signal. Java™.
Software advantages
1. We can explore all the drives and it’s subfolders and files.

2.We can see Text file and image file in mobile and play and control song in pc.

3. This software enables user to control various windows applications (ex: Restart ,
Log off , Turn off) from a remote place and no need to use keyboard or mouse.

What is Bluetooth?

Bluetooth is a wireless communication protocol mainly used for short distance and in
devices with low power consumption. Because Bluetooth is capable of communicating in an
omni-directional manner of up to 30 feet at 1 Mb/s it is far superior to infrared. Where
infrared requires a distance of a few feet or less and requires a direct line of site for
transmissions. The Bluetooth core system consists of a radio frequency (RF) transceiver,
baseband, and protocol stack. The system offers services that enable the connection of
devices and the exchange of a variety of classes of data between these devices. Actually it's
a wireless communication protocol that, like HTTP or FTP, operates in a client/server
architecture. It uses the 2.4 GHz band. If there are multiple

peripherals to be connected to a computer using RS-232 or USB, then Bluetooth is the ideal
solution to use those devices wirelessly.

The Basic features of Bluetooth:

1. 100 Feet Range (Exception Bluetooth Class 1 has 300 feet range).

2. Data transfer speed 1 MB/s.

3. Low power consumption.

4. Omni-directional radio signa

5. Uses 2.4 Ghz-2.482 Ghz radio frequency band

The Bluetooth protocol stack
The Bluetooth stack and Bluetooth hardware has close relationship. It works as the driver
for the Bluetooth hardware. The Bluetooth stack is a controlling agent (it could be software,
firmware, hardware, or a combination of all three) that implements the Bluetooth protocol
and also allows you to control your Bluetooth device programmatically. The Bluetooth stack
allows to do these two things:

1. Communicate with other Bluetooth devices

2. Control host Bluetooth device

For example the Bluetooth protocol stack similar with the HTTP protocol stack . A Web
browser uses an HTTP protocol stack so that it can receive Web content like HTML pages,
images, files, and best of all, Java applets. A Web server also uses an HTTP protocol stack
to send out Web content to Web browsers over the network. So, like the HTTP protocol
stack, a Bluetooth protocol stack will allow Bluetooth clients and servers to send and receive
data over a wireless network.

Layers of the Protocol Stack:

1. Host Controller Interface (HCI)

2. Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP) Ø (packet data)

3. Service Discovery Protocol (SDP)

4. RFCOMM Ø (stream data)

5. Wireless Access Protocol (WAP)

6. Object Exchange (OBEX) Ø (object data)

7. Bluetooth Network Encapsulation Protocol (BNEP)

8 . Human Interface Device Protocol (HID)

RFCOMM
RFCOMM is commonly known as the wireless serial port, or the cable replacement
protocol. The name is derived from the fact that the serial ports are called COMM1, COMM2,
etc. RFCOMM simulates the functionality of a standard serial port. For instance, a Bluetooth-
enabled mobile would use the RFCOMM

layer to synchronize its data to a Bluetooth-enabled PC as if they were physically connected

by a cable.
Profiles
Bluetooth profile is a designed set of functionality for Bluetooth devices. This enables two
Bluetooth devices to interact properly. To interact Bluetooth-enabled devices , having a
Bluetooth stack is not good enough. Those devices also need to implement the same profile.
We used the Serial Port Profile that interacts directly with the RFCOMM layer in the
Bluetooth protocol stack. This profile is used to create a virtual serial port on Bluetooth-
enabled device. For instance,

some Bluetooth kits come with a driver that will allow the operating system to communicate
over the virtual serial port as if it were an actual serial port. By using the serial port profile we
were able to send stream data to PC. The Bluetooth device in PC receives the stream data
through virtual com port. There are many profiles such as:

1. Generic Access Profile

2. Service Discovery Application Profile
3. Serial Port profile
4. Headset profile
5. Object Push profile
6. File Transfer profile
The Java Bluetooth API
To control the Bluetooth device programmatically, we need J2ME optional package JSR
82. JSR-82 can only be implemented on the J2ME platform. JSR-82 cannot be
implemented on the J2SE because the J2SE does not support the generic connection
framework. The JSR-82 actually consists of two independent packages:

1. javax.bluetooth (the 13 classes and interfaces that are needed to perform wireless
communication with the Bluetooth protocol)

2. javax.obex (the 8 classes that are needed to send objects between devices,
independent of the transport mechanism between them)
Device Management
LocalDevice, RemoteDevice, and DeviceClass are the classes in the Java Bluetooth
specification that form the Generic Access Profile and allow you to perform device
management. These classes allow you to query some statistical information about your own
Bluetooth device (LocalDevice) and also some information on the devices in the area
(RemoteDevice). The DeviceClass object gives you information about the official class of
device (CoD) as defined in the Bluetooth specification.

A device class is simply a classification of Bluetooth devices. By simply calling the

methods of this class, it can be determined what kind of devices are in the area, like
computers, laptops, phones, PDAs, access points, etc. The methods

provided to accomplish this task are getMinorDeviceClass() and getMajorDeviceClass(),

both of which return an int. The following table shows some common major and minor device
classes.

Major Minor Major class Minor class

Class class Description Description

256 4 Computer Desktop

256 8 Computer Server

256 12 Computer Laptop

256 20 Computer PDA

512 4 Phone Cellular

Device Discovery
The Bluetooth device has no idea of what other Bluetooth devices are in the area. Perhaps
there are laptops, desktops, printers, mobile phones, or PDAs in the area. The possibilities
are endless. In order to find out, the Bluetooth device will use the device discovery classes
that are provided in the Java Bluetooth API.

The two classes needed in order for your Bluetooth device to discover remote Bluetooth
devices in the area: DiscoveryAgent and DiscoveryListener.

The method DiscoveryAgent is used to make the Bluetooth device search for other devices
in the area. The length of the inquiry is totally dependent upon the implementation of the
Java Bluetooth specification. The accessCode can be one of the following DiscoveryAgent
constants:

NOT_DISCOVERABLE, LIAC, or GIAC.

A reference to a class that implements the DiscoveryListener interface is also passed. When
new devices are discovered, event callbacks are passed back to this object. This method will
return true if the device successfully went into discovery mode. The startInquiry() method is
the only way to perform device discovery without blocking the current thread.

Service Discovery
After locating devices in the area, it would be really nice to see what services those devices
offer. The service discovery-related classes in the Java Bluetooth specification implement
the Service Discovery Application Profile. The Service Discovery Application Profile, in turn,
uses the Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) layer in your Bluetooth stack to find services on
remote Bluetooth devices.

The following classes are provided in the Java Bluetooth specification for service discovery:

Discovery Agent, Discovery Listener, Service Record, Data Element, and UUID.

The Service Discovery Database (SDDB) is the central repository for all service records. If a
particular JSR-82 implementation does not store

Service records in the SDDB as Java objects, then it must convert them into Service Record
objects when a client performs a search for services and a match is found.
Communication
As Bluetooth is a communication protocol the official Java Bluetooth API gives three ways
to send and receive data. Here two of them are: RFCOMM for stream data and L2CAP for
packet data.

RFCOMM is the protocol layer that the serial port profile uses in order to communicate.

How to make connection between a mobile

and a PC?

We used a Bluetooth dongle to make a connection between a Bluetooth enabled mobile

and a PC. Unfortunately J2SE doesn’t support the java Bluetooth API JSR-82. So we
couldn’t initialize the Bluetooth stack of the dongle in our way. To make the dongle work we
used its driver CD to initialize the stack. We send stream data to PC using its serial port
profile over the RFCOMM protocol layer.

The Bluetooth dongle works as a receiver or a server and we developed a program for
the mobile which works as the client. The client first discovers the Bluetooth devices around
it. Then it discovers what services they contain. If the device is a desktop and supports the
serial port profile, out client can interact with it over its RFCOMM protocol layer. The client
program sends some stream data as command to PC’s virtual communication port. There is
a server program in the PC which reads stream data from the communication port and
executes those commands.

The client program

We developed a MIDLET for our mobile phone which will work as the client. We gave the
name of our client program “MOBILE MANIA”. Our client program contains all the basic
components of a Bluetooth application. It can perform the following tasks:
 1. Device Discovery
2. Service Discovery
3. Communication with a Desktop computer
4. Can gain the Bluetooth address of the server to connect
5. Can gain the Bluetooth information about the host micro device

This is the basic interface of our client program. From its menu we can choose to discover
any Bluetooth device around the host mobile phone or can view the Bluetooth information
about the mobile phone. It can discover any device around its Bluetooth range and can show
its friendly name.

Basic Parts of the Client program:

Basic components of the client program are
a. Device Discovery

b. Service Discovery

c. Controlling the whole pc

Device Dicovery
Our client program can discover any Bluetooth devices around it. Whenever the Device
discovery option is pressed it starts the discovery agent to discover any remote device.
 DiscoveryAgent agent =
device.getDiscoveryAgent();

agent.startInquiry( DiscoveryAgent.GIAC,
new Listener() );

Our client device starts in GIAC mode, which means other remote device also can discover
our device. Whenever a device is discovered a discovery Listener shows the friendly name
of the Bluetooth device.

Service Dicovery
Our client program is also capable of Discovering Services offered by the remote device.
Our program search services with the UUID 0x0003 which is the UUID for RFCOMM.

agent.searchServices( null, // attributes to retrieve

from remote device

new UUID[]{ new

UUID( 0x0003) }, /* search criteria, 0x0003 =
RFCOMM*/

remote,

Whenever a service is found our program stores the service records in a service array. Then
our program retrieves the service name from a user defined function uuidToName and
shows the list of services in the MIDLET screen.

ServiceRecord rec =
(ServiceRecord)bluetooth.services.elementAt(i);

DataElement e =
rec.getAttributeValue( 0x0001 ); // ServiceClassIDList

Enumeration en = (Enumeration)e.getValue();

DataElement e2 =
(DataElement)en.nextElement();

Controlling The PC
 The PC controlling part of our program can send command to a connected PC to control
some basic component of it. The mobile connects with the PC by obtaining the url String
that is needed to connect to the device from the ServiceRecord object that we get from
service discovery. Our program generates the connecting string automatically by comparing
the UUID of Serial Port profile with the UUID of discovered service record objects in the
current inquiry. If there is a match then our program saves the connecting string to connect
with the remote device.

if ( u.equals( new UUID( 0x1105 ) )){ //0x1105 UUID for serial port
profile

remote=(RemoteDevice)bluetooth.devices.elementAt(device
DiscoveryUI.getSelectedIndex());

URL="btspp://"+remote.getBluetoothAddress()
+":"+i+";master=false;encrypt =false;authenticate=false";

In the connecting string the part “btspp:\\” means Bluetooth serial port profile, the next
number is the Bluetooth address of the remote device which is found by
getBluetoothAddress() method. The next digit will be the channel number which will
be the index number of the matching UUID in the Service Record. Here master is false
which means that the client can only request for data transferring operation. Encrypt and
Authenticate is also false.

If there is no matching UUID found then our program rejects to be connected. Our
program also checks the characteristics of the remote device. If the remote device is a
computer and a desktop then it gives permission to be connected.

DeviceClass cls = (DeviceClass)

bluetooth.deviceClasses.elementAt( selectedDevice );

if((cls.getMajorDeviceClass())!
=256&&(cls.getMinorDeviceClass())!=4)

The PC Controlling interface

If all the requirements were fulfilled then our PC controlling interface appears. Through this
interface we can perform the whole PC controlling operation or can connected to our PC.

con = (OutputConnection)
Connector.open( url2,Connector.WRITE );

out = con.openOutputStream();

byte[] data1 = new byte[]{ (byte)nam};

out.write( data1 );

out.flush();
The Java communications API:

The Java communications API is a package that can be used to write

platform-independent communications applications for technologies such as
voice mail, fax, and smartcards.

This Java communications API contains support for RS232 serial ports. Using this
API one can:

1. Enumerate ports available on the system.

2. Open and claim ownership of ports.
3. Resolve port ownership contention between multiple applications.
4. Perform asynchronous and synchronous I/O on ports.
5. Receive Beans-style events describing communication port state changes.

The Java communications API does not support unsigned applet access to ports.
The Receiver Program:
The receiver program is used in the computer which receives command
from the client’s mobile through serial port and takes necessary steps to perform
different actions. İt contains all the necessary informations to receive command
from the client and to contrtol computer as well as external electric devices.

When the receiver program is run it always waits for a connection from any
bluetooth remote device within it’s range.

The receiver is
waiting for
connection from
any Bluetooth
enable mobile

Basic Parts of the Receiver

Program
The receiver program in the computer can be discussed according to its basic
parts.

It has the following basic parts:

 i. Creating the Graphical User Interface(GUI)
ii. Adding action Listener to the buttons
iii. Writing the current parameters of the port to a configuration file
iv. Creating properties object from configuration file
v. Setting parameters to the property object
vi. Handling the exception of opening more than one port at a time
vii. Receiving data sent from the client
viii. Comparing string and generating commands
ix. Showing the current status of the receiver.
Creating the Graphical User Interface (GUI):
The GUI part of the receiver program contains several labels, buttons, panels,
textarea of javax.awt class. The buttons and textareas are added in panels.
The whole GUI part is placed in a constructor. The components are placed to
their absolute position by using the function setBound( ).As the GUI part is
placed in the constructor, whenever the receiver program is run the GUI part
becomes visible.

Adding action listener to the buttons:

Here three buttons are used: “Open Port”, ”Close Port” and “EXIT”
The actions to be performed by these buttons are specified in this part of the
receiver program. Any exception in performing the specified action is handled
here.

Now let us discuss about the actions performed by these three buttons

Open Port:

Once the program is started, the appropriate communication port to receive the data from
client is selected from the list of available communication ports. Then the button “Open Port”
is pressed to open the selected port. After the port is successfully opened, it becomes ready to
receive data sent from mobile by the client.

Close Port:

When the function of the opened port come to an end, that port should be
closed so that another ports can be opened further. Because in case of serial
port only port can be accessed at a time. So after performing action the port
should be closed.

EXIT:

If the receiver wishes to be disconnected from client, then the receiver program
should be closed. This is done by pressing the “EXIT” button. After pressing the
“EXIT” button if any port remains opened at that time, then that port is closed
and after this the program terminates.

Showing the current status of the receiver:

In the text area the current status of the receiver remains shown. When the
client send new commands status of the receiver becomes changed. This help
anyone near the receiver to know the command that is currently being
processed by the computer

Confirmation Message after

successful connection to a
remote device.

Bluetooth Serial port B is now

being open

Limitations
Though we have developed our software using the platform independent programming
language Java but our software is not totally platform independent at all.Our soft ware can
only read data from the serial port. It can generate signal from the PC. So we can perform
two way operation. Our software also can’t initialize the Bluetooth stack for dongle. It needs
a matching driver for the dongle.

Conclusion
This software is very much user-friendly. To use it one needs just to press button to control
pc operation. User don’t have to know the Bluetooth address of the server PC. It can
discover any Bluetooth device and there services around it.

This software is applicable for all versions of WINDOWS operating system. As maximum
computer users feel comfort to use this operating system. We are looking forward to improve
our software to make it truly platform independent and to implement the software in two way
communication.

Future plan
1.Our future plan is to stream music files and video files (.3gp,mp4,avi) from pc.

2. Accessing the internet via pc.

Resources:

1. Jdk 5.5
2. Net Beans IDE 5.5
3. Java how to program 6th edition
- Deitel & Deitel
4. The Complete Reference J2ME
-Herbert Schildt

7 . Bluetooth For Java

-Bruce Hopkins

8 . javax.comm package
Installation Process:

There are two parts of our software. One is developed for the mobile
phone (client sided) which must be installed in appropriate mobile phone. To do
so,

1. Transfer the .JAR and .JAD file to the mobile phone provided in the
CD.(recommended to Bluetooth Serial port enable mobile)
2. Install it.

The other part is developed for the personal computer (server sided) which
processes the upcoming command and takes actions.This software is bundled
with JRE-1.6 and does not requires pre-installation of JAVA. It is also required
to attach a blue tooth receiver to your computer if it is not capable of receiving
blue tooth signal. It is suggested to use a Bluetooth dongle. Now,

1. Install driver for your Bluetooth receiver device.

2. Install the Receiver software. To do that just double click the
“Receiver.msi” file and the software will be automatically installed.
3. See (Bluetooth driver software >My Service> Properties>Serial port
B)
4. Select the port which is used by the Bluetooth receiver from the port
list and open it (suggest to select the Bluetooth serial port B).