Eremie Rose E.

Salvador Professor Faye Felicilda

Batch 17- MAN

Research Title: “Cultural Awareness of Attitude and

Clinical Practice Among Staff Nurses In Dealing
Patients With Different Culture.

Main Theory: Madeleine Leininger- Transcultural Nursing and

Human Care Theory
“ Nursing is the art of improving and providing culturally
congruent care to people that is beneficial, will fit with, and will
be useful to the client, family, or culture group healthy
lifeways.”

In a multicultural society such as ours, nurses are likely to

encounter clients from diverse settings. As nurses we need
to develop a cultural insight and a deeper appreciation and
respect for the rights of culturally diverse individuals .We
should learn the cultures of other people because each
culture has its own set of patterns, expressions, and
values of caring. It means that the people from other
culture may not actually behave in the same way as we
would behave if given the same situation. This is probably
one of the reasons why there are nurses who tend to come
back home after only a brief stint in other countries
because of a phenomenon authorities call “culture shock”.
When cultural beliefs and practices are not appropriately
identified, the significance of behaviour may confuse the
nurse and result in the delivery of inappropriate care.
Cultures develop norms, values, and behaviours that are
suited to that environment. Over time, they take on the
strength of tradition. Even when circumstances change,
traditions often do not, early conditioning is very hard to
overcome. Whether patients should speak English
And adapt to our ways and customs is irrelevant. The fact is that
they do not and may not. The options then are to provide
inferior nursing care accommodations so as to provide
optimal care.
Second Theory: Ernestine Weidenbach- Helping Art Of Clinical
Nursing

“ Nursing is the art of nurturing or caring for someone in a

motherly fashion”.
According to Weidenbarch, there are are four elements in
the art of of nursing, philosophy, purpose, practice and
art. She viwed clinical nursing being directed toward
meeting the patient’s perceived need for help. In order for
nurses to fullfill the nurse’s helping role, they should be
able to identify patients need for help through observing
behaviour consistent or inconsistent with their comfort,
exploring the meaning of their behaviour, determining the
cause of their discomfort or incapability, determining
whether they can resolve their problems or have a need-
for- help. As nurses, we should be able to gain mastery of
the practice of identifying a patients need for help through
observation of presenting behaviours and symptoms. It is
also important to explore the meaning of those symptoms
with the patient determining the causes of discomfort. We
also need to determine the patient’s ability to resolve the
discomforts or if the the patient has a need for help from
the nurse or other healthcare professionals. Nursing
primarily consists of identifying a patient’s need for help.
If the need for help requires intervention, we should
facilitate the medical plan of care. At the same time, we
also need to create and implement a nursing plan of care
based on the needs and desires of the patient. In providing
care, we should exercise sound judgement through
deliberative, practiced, and educated recognition of
symptoms. Remember that the patient’s perception of the
situation is an important consideration to the nurse when
providing competent care situation is an important
consideration to the nurse when providing competent care.
situation is an important consideration to the nurse when
providing competent care situation is an important
consideration to the nurse when providing competent care.
Third Theory: Ida Jean Orlando- The Nursing Process
Theory

“Nursing is a profession that seeks to find out and meet the

patient’s immediate need for help.”
This theory increases the therapeutic effectiveness of
nurses by the e xpression of empathy, warmth, and
genuineness especially in the light of addressing the
immediate need of the patient for help. Since the premises
of Orlando’s theory is in the immediacy of help needed by
patients, this framework will be important for nurses who
are assigned in special clinical areas that requires quick
decision making and critical thinking skills. Such areas are
the operating room, emergency room, and the critical care
unit. Nurses in these areas meet patients in their most
acute stage,meaning patients have very specific needs for
instant help. The assumptions that patient can
communicate verbally or non verbally requires nurses to be
very meticulous and critical of any form of patient
behaviour that may be his means to communicate his
needs for help..