A abject ↔ spirited
abjure vt. (� � , � � )� � � � �
abandon n. � �
: a complete surrender of inhibitions
abandon : inhibition :: despair : hope(#)
abandon : inhibition :: tranquility : agitation(#)
abase vt. (� � ,� � )� � � � � : DEGRADE
: to lower in rank, office, prestige, or esteem
abase : stature :: shorten : height
abase : prestige :: damp : ardor
abase ↔ extol
abash vt. � � � � � � : DISCONCERT
: to destroy the self-possession or self-confidence of
unabashed : embarrassment :: unheralded :
announcement(#)
embolden ↔ abash/faze/cow
abate v. � � � � � : MODERATE
: to reduce in degree or intensity
abate : tax :: alleviate : distress
abate : degree :: discount : price
abate : force :: fade : loudness
abate : force :: decelerate : speed
abate : force :: shrink : size
abate : intensity :: taper : width
abate ↔ intensify/promote
abbreviate vt. � � � � /� � � �
: to make briefer; especially : to reduce to a shorter form
intended to stand for the whole
abbreviate : sentence :: abridge : essay
abbreviation : word :: abridgment : article
abbreviation : word :: synopsis : article
abbreviate : length :: attenuate : thickness
abbreviate ↔ extend
abdicate v. � � � �
: to renounce a throne, high office, dignity, or function
abdicate : throne :: resign : office/work
abdicate ↔ constitute
abdicate ↔ assume
abdicate ↔ usurp
aberrant adj. � � � � � /� � � : ATYPICAL
: straying from the right or normal way
: deviating from the usual or natural type
aberration : course :: digression : theme
aberrant : standard :: digressive : topic
aberrant ↔ typical/normal
abet vt. � � � � /� �
: to assist or support in the achievement of a purpose
abet : assistance :: counsel : guidance
abet : encouragement :: elucidate : clarity
abet ↔ thwart/impede
stymie ↔ abet
frustrate ↔ abet
abet ↔ obstruct
abeyance n.(� � � )� � : SUSPENSION
: temporary inactivity
abeyance ↔ continuance
abhor vt. � � � � : LOATHE
: to regard with extreme repugnance
abhorrence : dislike :: adoration : fondness(>)
abiding adj. � � � � : ENDURING, CONTINUING
: lasting for a long time
abiding ↔ evanescent/ephemeral/transient
abject adj. � � � /� � � : SERVILE, SPIRITLESS
: cast down in spirit
abject ↔ exultant
: to renounce upon oath
: to reject solemnly
abjure ↔ embrace/espouse/affirm
abnegate vt. (� � , � � )� � � � � : SURRENDER,
RELINQUISH
: to give up (rights or a claim, for example)
abnegate ↔ reaffirm
abolitionism n. � � � � � � �
: principles or measures fostering abolition especially of
slavery
anarchist : government :: abolitionist : slavery
abolition ↔ persistence in slavery
aboveboard adj. � � � � �
: in a straightforward manner
surreptitious ↔ barefaced/aboveboard
abrasion n. � � /� �
: a wearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction
abraded : friction :: desiccated : dehydration
scuff : abrasion :: heat : vaporization
abrade ↔ augment
abridge vt. � � � � : CONDENSE
: to shorten by omission of words without sacrifice of
sense
abbreviate : sentence :: abridge : essay
abbreviation : word :: abridgment : article
abridge ↔ extend in length
abrogate v. (� � )� � � � � : ANNUL
: to abolish by authoritative action
abrogate ↔ embrace/institute/uphold
abscond v. � � � � � �
: to depart secretly and hide oneself
abscond : depart :: pilfer/sneak : take
abscond : depart :: eavesdrop : listen
abscond : depart :: shadow : follow
abscond : depart :: secrete : store
follow : shadow :: leave : abscond
lurk : wait :: purloin : appropriate
lurk : wait :: abscond : depart
absolve vt. � � � � /� � � �
: to set free from an obligation or the consequences of
guilt
exculpatory : absolve :: motivational : stir
hortative : encourage :: exculpatory : absolve
absolve ↔ inculpate
absorb vt. � � � �
: to engage or engross wholly
absorb : sponge :: seal : caulk
abstain vi. � � � �
: to refrain deliberately and often with an effort of self-
denial from an action or practice
mandatory : comply :: forbidden : abstain
abstemious adj. � � � �
: marked by restraint especially in the consumption of food
or alcohol
abstemious : indulge :: austere : decorate
abstemious : indulge :: intransigent : control
reticent : talk :: abstemious : gorge
abstinent ↔ indulging/intemperate/gluttonous
abstract adj/n. � � � � /� � � � � � � � � �
: having only intrinsic form with little or no attempt at
pictorial representation or narrative content
: to draw away the attention of
abstract ↔ elaborate
abstraction ↔ attention
abstruse adj. � � � : RECONDITE
: difficult to comprehend
abstruse ↔ accessible/patent
abstruse ↔ manifest
abuse n./v. � � (� � ) : REVILE
: to attack in words
diatribe : abuse :: burlesque : mockery
polemic : disputatious :: invective : abusive
accede v. � � � �
: to express approval or give consent
accelerate v. � � � � /� � � � �
: to move faster : gain speed
: to hasten the progress or development of
expedite : process :: accelerate : pace
accelerate : speed :: prolong : duration
accelerate ↔ retard
accentuate v. � � � � � �
accentuate ↔ underplay
accessible adj. � � � � � � /� � � � � �
: capable of being understood or appreciated
abstruse ↔ accessible/patent
accessory n/adj. � � � /� � � � : ADJUNCT
: a thing of secondary or subordinate importance
: present in a minor amount and not essential as a
constituent
accessory ↔ of primarily importance
accidental adj. � � �
: occurring unexpectedly or by chance
inventiveness : accidental :: effect : casual
intentionality : accidental :: effect : casual
safeguard : accident :: hedge : loss
intentional : accidental :: arrogant : humble(#)
effect : cause(� � )� � � � � , � � .
consequence : � � � � � � � � � � � � � , � �
� � � ,� � � � � � � � � � � � � � .
result, outcome : effect � � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � .
acclimate vt. � � � � �
: to adapt to a new temperature, altitude, climate,
environment, or situation
acclimate ↔ make unfamiliar with
accolade n. � � /� �
: an expression of praise
accolade ↔ excoriating remark
accolade ↔ swearword/cutting remark
accolade ↔ censure
accolade ↔ reproof /reprobation/excoriation/
disapprobation/criticism/denigration
deplore ↔ accolade/extol
accommodate v. � � � � � � � /� � � �
: to provide with something desired, needed, or suited (as
a helpful service, a loan, or lodgings)
obliterate : remove :: accommodate : supply(>)
obliterate : remove :: convey : conduct(>)
accomplice n. � � �
: one associated with another especially in wrongdoing
accost vt. � � � � � �
: to approach and speak to often in a challenging or
aggressive way
accost : approach :: ??
accountability n. � �
: an obligation or willingness to accept responsibility or to
account for one's actions
accrete v. � � � � � � : ACCUMULATE
: to grow or become attached by accretion
accrete : growth :: erode : destruction
accrete : growth :: inch : advance
accumulate v. � � � /� � � � : AMASS
: to gather or pile up especially little by little
accumulation ↔ dissipation
accuse v. � � � � : BLAME
: to charge with a fault or offense
acerbic adj. � � � /� � �
: acid in temper, mood, or tone
acerbic ↔ sweet
acerbity ↔ saccharine
acme n. � � /� � : apex/culmination/zenith
: the highest point or stage
acme : surpass :: impossibility : execute
acme : mountain :: crest : wave
vagary : predict :: acme : surpass
acme ↔ nadir
acquiesce v. � � � � � � �
: to accept, comply, or submit tacitly or passively
intransigent : acquiesce :: deferential : offend
acquiesce : yielding :: capitulate : categorical(#)
acquiesce ↔ defy/resist/refute
acquisition n. � � /� � �
: the act of acquiring
divestiture ↔ acquisition
acquit vt. � � � � � �
: to discharge completely
acrid adj. � � � /� � � : IRRITATING
: sharp and harsh or unpleasantly pungent in taste or odor
acrid : gentleness :: forthright : guile(#)
� � � � � grating/stridency : sound :: acrid : odor
acrid ↔ gentle
� � � ,� �
acrimonious adj. � � � /� � �
: caustic, biting, or rancorous especially in feeling,
language, or manner
acrimonious ↔ harmonious
acute adj. � � � � � /� � �
adamant adj. � � � /� � � : UNYIELDING
: unshakable or immovable especially in opposition
adamant : flexibility :: refractory : control
impossible : execute :: adamant : move
adamant : yield :: cautious : gamble
adamant ↔ vacillatory
adamant ↔ moved
adapt vt. � � � � � /� � � �
: to make fit (as for a specific or new use or situation)
often by modification
adapt ↔ remain unchanged
addicted adj. � � � � /� � �
: to devote or surrender (oneself) to something habitually
or obsessively
inured : tolerance :: addicted : dependency
ad-hoc adj. � � � � �
: for the particular end or case at hand without
consideration of wider application
adherent n. � � �
: a believer in or advocate especially of a particular idea or advertise vt. � � � �
church : to announce publicly especially by a printed notice or a
adherent ↔ dissenter broadcast
advertising : commercial :: publishing : journal
adjacent adj. � � �
: not distant advocate vt. � � � �
: to plead in favor of
adjourn vi. � � � � exponent : advocate :: pollster : canvass
: to suspend a session indefinitely or to another time or
place aerate v. � � � � �
convoke ↔ adjourn : to supply (the blood) with oxygen by respiration
aerate : oxygen :: hydrate : water
adjudicator n. � �
: one that act as judge aerial adj. � � �
: of relating to, or occurring in the air or atmosphere
adjunct n. � � � /� � � aerial : air :: aquatic : water
: something joined or added to another thing but not
essentially a part of it aesthetics n. � �
adjunct ↔ essential element : a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of beauty,
art, and taste and with the creation and appreciation of
ad-lib n. � � � � � beauty
: somthing spoken, composed, or performed without aesthetics : beauty :: epistemology : knowledge
preparation philistine ↔ aesthete
ad-lib : impromptu :: aside : divergent(=)
affable adj. � � �
admission n. � � /� � : characterized by ease and friendliness
: the act or process of admitting affable ↔ irascible
lottery : raffle :: ticket : admission affability ↔ surliness

admonish v. � � � � /� � � � affected adj. � � � � : PRETENDED

: to express warning or disapproval to especially in a
gentle, earnest, or solicitous manner
admonish : denounce :: punish : pillory(<)
peccadillo : sin :: admonishment : castigation(<)
pretense : deceive :: admonition : reprove
alibi : exculpatory :: warning : admonitory
adore vt. � � � � /� � � �
: to regard with loving admiration and devotion
abhorrence : dislike :: adoration : fondness(>)
adulate : fawn :: woo : adore(>)
apprehension : terror :: affection : adoration(<)
fascination : interest :: adoration : fondness(>)
: assumed artificially or falsely
posturer : unaffected :: bigot : tolerant
affected ↔ natural
affection n. � � : FONDNESS
: tender attachment
apprehension : terror :: affection : adoration(<)
embrace : affection :: shrug : indifference
scowl : displeasure :: kiss : affection
scowl : displeasure :: hurl : disgust
swagger : bravado :: caress : affection
antipathy ↔ affection
disaffected ↔ content

adroit adj. � � � affidavit n. � � /� � �

: having or showing skill, cleverness, or resourcefulness in : a sworn statement in writing made especially under oath
handling situations or on affirmation
loquacious : succinct :: adroit : ungainly(#) affidavit : statement :: wedding : ceremony
adroit ↔ ungainly
affiliation n. � �
adulate v. � � � � � � : to bring or receive into close connection as a member or
: to flatter or admire excessively or slavishly branch
adulate : fawn :: woo : adorn affiliation ↔ dissociation
aversion : disinclination :: adulation : admiration(>)
scorn : reject :: adulate : flatter (>) affinity n. � � � /� � �
scorn : reject :: disparage : ignore(>) : likeness based on relationship or causal connection
adulate ↔ scorn/excoriate/disparage affinity ↔ antipathy/aversion/hideousness
adulation ↔ obloquy/disdain/vituperation
adulation ↔ somber affection affliction n. � � �
: great suffering
adulterate vt. � � � � � �
: to corrupt, debase, or make impure by the addition of a affluent adj. � � �
foreign or inferior substance or element stickler : having a generously sufficient and typically increasing
adult : child :: cat : kitten supply of material possessions
adulterate : pure :: bolster/brace : weak affluent ↔ needy
demand : satisfied :: adulterate : pristine impecunious ↔ wealthy/prosperous/affluent
unalloyed ↔ adulterated penury ↔ affluence
indigent ↔ affluent
adversary n. � : ENEMY, FOE
: one that contends with, opposes, or resists agenda n. � � � �
adversary ↔ ally : a list or program of things to be considered or done
program : concert :: agenda : meeting
advertence n. � � repertoire : performance :: manifest : cargo
: the action or process of adverting repertoire : performance :: agenda : meeting
advertence ↔ inattention curriculum : class :: menu : dish
advertent ↔ inattentive curriculum : course :: agenda : meeting
itinerary : travel :: agenda : meeting
aggrandize vt. � � � � /� � � �
: to make appear great or greater : praise highly
aggrandize ↔ disparage
aggrandize ↔ undermine
effacing ↔ aggrandizing
aggravate vt. � � � � �
: to make worse, more serious, or more severe ; intensify
unpleasantly
succor ↔ aggravate
ameliorate ↔ aggravate
aggravate ↔ alleviate
aggregate v. � � �
: to collect or gather into a mass or whole
coalesce ↔ disaggregate
aggrieve vt. � � � � /� � � � : DISTRESS
: to give pain or trouble to
aggrieve ↔ gratify
aggrieve ↔ comfort
agony n. � � � � /� � � : ANGUISH, TORTURE
: intense pain of mind or body
agonized : distress :: obsessed : concern(>)
painful : agonizing :: important : paramount(<)
agrarian adj. � � �
: of or relating to fields or lands or their tenure
agrarian : farming :: mercantile : trade
airtight adj. � � � � � � � � � � /� � � �
: having no noticeable weakness, flaw, or loophole
airtight : loophole :: ??
alacrity n. � � � � � � � /� � � �
: promptness in response ; cheerful readiness
husbandry : dissipate :: alacrity : procrastinate(#)
alacrity ↔ dilatoriness/hesitance
alacrity ↔ sluggishness
albino n. � � �
: an organism exhibiting deficient pigmentation
albino : pigment :: prairie : tree
alchemy n. � � � /� �
: a power or process of transforming something common
into something special
: a medieval chemical science and speculative philosophy
alchemy : chemistry :: false drug : treatment
astrology : astronomy :: alchemy : chemistry
alchemy : science :: nostrum : remedy
alibi n. � �
: an excuse usually intended to avert blame or punishment
alibi : exculpatory :: warning : admonitory
align v. � � � � � /� � � � � � �
: to bring into line or alignment
aligned ↔ askew/improperly adjusted
awry ↔ orderly/aligned/planned
allay v. � � � � � : ALLEVIATE
: to subdue or reduce in intensity or severity
allay ↔ increase the intensity of
allay ↔ excite/galvanize
allegiance n. � �
: devotion or loyalty to a person, group, or cause
authority : pundits :: allegiance : partisans
allegory n. � � : fiction
: the expression by means of symbolic fictional figures and
actions of truths or generalizations about human existence
allegory : fiction :: ??
allergy : reaction :: lancet : instrument
alleviate v. � � � � : RELIEVE, LESSEN
: to make (as suffering) more bearable
abate : tax :: alleviate : distress
alleviate : intensity :: abate : tax
alleviate ↔ exacerbate/intensify
alliterate v. � � � � � � �
: to arrange or place so as to make alliteration
alliterate : remove :: blazon : efface(#)
allude vi. � � � � � � : REFER
: to make indirect reference
allude ↔ mention explicitly
aloft adv. � � � �
: at or to a great height
founder ↔ stay aloft
groundedly ↔ aloft
aloof adj. � � � � /� � �
: removed or distant either physically or emotionally
politic : offend :: aloof : associate
aloof ↔ having affinity
gregarious ↔ aloof
alphabetical adj. � � � � �
: arranged in the order of the letters of the alphabet
dictionary : alphabetical :: annals : chronological
altruism n. � � � �
: unselfish regard for or devotion to the welfare of others
altruism ↔ egocentrism
amalgamate v. � � � � /� � � �
: to unite in or as if in an amalgam; especially : to merge
into a single body
amalgation : disintegrated :: overexposure : jaded
amalgamate ↔ separate/isolate/disintegrate/insulate
amalgamation ↔ disintegration
amass v. � � � � : ACCUMULATE
: to collect into a mass
ambiguous adj. � � � � � /� � � � �
: doubtful or uncertain especially from obscurity or
indistinctness
ambiguous : clarity :: mendacious : truth
ambiguous : understand :: blatant : ignore
equivocation : ambiguous :: platitude : banal
watershed ↔ routine
ambivalent adj. � � � � �
: simultaneous and contradictory attitudes or feelings (as
attraction and repulsion) toward an object, person, or
action
ambivalent ↔ committed
amble vi. � � � � � � : SAUNTER
: to go at or as if at an amble
walk : amble :: talk : chat
ambrosial adj. � � � � �
: extremely pleasing to taste or smell in food
mellifluous : music :: ambrosial : food
mellifluous : sound :: savory : taste
ameliorate vt. � � � �
: to make better or more tolerable
ameliorate : promotion :: exacerbate : depravation(=)
ameliorate ↔ aggravate
damper ↔ ameliorate
amenity n. � � � /� � � � �
: something that conduces to comfort, convenience, or
enjoyment
amenity : comfortable :: honorarium : grateful
amenable ↔ inimical
anesthetic adj/n. � � � /� � �
amiable adj. � � � : lacking awareness or sensitivity
: being friendly, sociable, and congenial analgesic : pain :: anesthetic : sensation
inimical ↔ friendly/amiable/amicable aseptic : disinfections :: anesthetic : numbs
pain : analgesic : sensation : anesthetic
amicable adj. � � � � : PEACEABLE sensation ↔ anesthesia
: characterized by friendly goodwill
amicable : malign :: negligible : elevated(#) anew adv. � � �
inimical ↔ friendly/amiable/amicable
angle n. �
amiss adj/adv. � � � /� � � � : IMPERFECTLY
: in a faulty way anhydrous adj. � � �
: free from water and especially water of crystallization
amorphous adj. � � � � : SHAPELESS anhydrous ↔ wet
: having no definite form
amorphous : shape :: errant : course animation n. � � � : ALIVE
lassitude ↔ vim/animation
amphibian n. � � �
eaglet : bird :: fawn : mammal animus n. � �
: a usually prejudiced and often spiteful or malevolent ill
amplify vt. � � � � : INCREASE will
: to make larger or greater (as in amount, importance, or animus ↔ friendly
intensity)
mute ↔ amplify annals n. � � � �
: historical records
amplitude n. � � � : FULLNESS, COPIOUS dictionary : alphabetical :: annals : chronological
amplitude ↔ meagerness
annoy vt. � � � � � � /� � � �
amulet n. � � testy : annoy :: tractable : control
amulet : evil :: helmet : injury
annul v. � � � � � /� � � �
anaerobic adj. � � � � � � � � � . annul ↔ make legal
: living, active, occurring, or existing in the absence of free annul ↔ reaffirm
oxygen
anaerobic ↔ living in oxygen anodyne n. � � �
anaerobic ↔ respiring
anomalous adj. � � � : IRREGULAR, UNUSUAL
analgesic adj/n. � � � /� � � : inconsistent with or deviating from what is usual, normal,
: lacking sensibility to pain without loss of consciousness or expected
analgesic : pain :: anesthetic : sensation anomaly : paradigmatic :: blemish : flawless(#)
aseptic : disinfections :: anesthetic : numbs anomalous ↔ typical/conformity to norms
pain : analgesic :: sensation : anesthetic
pain : analgesic :: symptom : palliative
anonymous adj. � � �
analgesia : pain :: simplification : complexity(#)
: not named or identified
tonic : invigorate :: analgesic : deaden
anonymous : identify :: nonchalant : excite

analogy n. � � : SIMILARITY
antagonize vt. � � � � � � � � /� � � �
: to act in opposition to
analysis n. � � : to incur or provoke the hostility of
synthesis ↔ analysis cowardice : intimidate :: choler : antagonize
placate ↔ antagonize
anarchist n. � � � � � � synergic ↔ antagonistic
: one who rebels against any authority, established order, propitiate ↔ antagonize
or ruling power mollify ↔ antagonize/ire
anarchist : government :: abolitionist : slavery
anarchist : rebel :: apologist : defend antenna n. � � /� � �
anarchy ↔ order antennae : butterfly :: ??

anathema n. � � : CURSE, EXECRATION anterior adj. � � �

: a vigorous denunciation : coming before in time or development
anathema ↔ panegyric/blessing anterior ↔ ensuing

ancestor n. � � anthology n. � � � �
heirloom : ancestor :: bequest : testator compendium : summary :: anthology : collection(=)

anecdote n. � � antic adj. � � �

: a usually short narrative of an interesting, amusing, or : odd, extravagant, or eccentric in style or mode
biographical incident facetious : speech :: antic : behavior

anecdote : amusement :: lecture : instruction anticipatory adj. � � � /� � � �

: to give advance thought, discussion, or treatment to
anemic adj. � � � � retrospective ↔ anticipatory
: lacking force, vitality, or spirit
anemic : hale :: ?? antidote n. � � �
anemic ↔ hale : a remedy to counteract the effects of poison
antidote : poisoning :: balm : irritation apostrophe n. � � � �
remedy : disease :: antidote : poisoning : a mark ' used to indicate the omission of letters or
figures, the possessive case, or the plural of letters or
antipathy n. � � /� � : DISTASTE figures
: settled aversion or dislike apostrophes : word :: ellipsis : sentence
antipathy ↔ affection parenthesis : explanation :: apostrophe : omission
/ellipsis (―, …, ***) : omission
/asterisk(*) : annotation
antique adj. � � � : ANCIENT
/caret (^) : interpolation
: existing since or belonging to earlier times

apothecary n. � � � �
antiseptic n. � � �
: one who prepares and sells drugs or compounds for
: opposing sepsis, putrefaction, or decay
medicinal purposes
oil : lubricate :: antiseptic : disinfect
apothecary : medicine :: butcher : meat

antonym n. � � �
appall vt. � � � � � �
: a word of opposite meaning
: to overcome with consternation, shock, or dismay
appall ↔ embolden/nerve
anvil n. � � encourage ↔ appall
: a heavy usually steel-faced iron block on which metal is
shaped
apparel vt/n. � � � � � /� � : DRESS
hammer : anvil :: pestle : mortar
gaudy : apparel :: grandiloquent : speak
tonsorial : hair :: sartorial : apparel
apathy n. � � /� � � : IMPASSIVENESS
: lack of feeling or emotion
appeal vi. � � � �
ennui : enthusiastic :: fervor : apathetic(#)
remonstrator : dissuade :: applicant : appeal

apex n. 0 � �
appealing adj. � � � � : PLEASING
: the highest or culminating point
noisome ↔ appealing
aphorism n. � � : ADAGE
appease vt. � � � /� � � � � : CALM
: a terse formulation of a truth or sentiment
roil ↔ clarify/appease
brevity : aphorism :: distortion : caricature
vex ↔ pacify/appease/soothe
euphemism : offensive :: aphorism : diffuse
appease ↔ rile
pithiness : aphorism :: exaggeration : caricature

appetite n. � � /� �
apocalyptic adj. � � � � � � /� � � � : CLIMATIC,
voracity ↔ lack of appetite
PROPHETIC
: ultimately decisive
: forecasting the ultimate destiny of the world applause n. � � � � /� �
apocalyptic ↔ inconsequential mirth : laughter :: approval : applause
apocalyptic : prophetic :: inconsequential : illogical approve : applause :: ??

apocrypha n. � � � � � � � � /� � applicant n. � � �
: writings or statements of dubious authenticity remonstrator : dissuade :: applicant : appeal
apocryphal : authentic :: ??
appoint vt. � � � �
apologize v. � � � � /� � � � appoint : official :: cast : actor
: to make excuse for or regretful acknowledgment of a
fault or offense apposite adj. � � � /� � � � : APT
: to make a formal defense or justification in speech or apposite : relevant :: ??
writing apposite ↔ extraneous

saboteur : disrupt :: apologist : defend appreciable adj. � � � � � /� � � � � �

apologize : regret :: gibe : derision
apologist ↔ critic/detractor
apophasis n. � � � �
: allusion to something by denying that it will be
mentioned, as in I will not bring up my opponent's
questionable financial dealings.
apophasis : claim :: oxymoron : paradox
apophasis : claim :: caprice : deliberate(#)
apoplectic adj. � � � �
: of a kind to cause or apparently cause stroke ; greatly
agitated
apoplectic : angry :: emaciated : thin(>)
apoplectic : calm :: callow : mature(#)
apoplectic ↔ calm
apostasy n. � � /� � : DEFECTION
: renunciation of a religious faith
: abandonment of a previous loyalty
apostasy : faith :: recantation : heresy
apostasy ↔ fidelity
: capable of being perceived or measured
appreciable ↔ imperceptible
ponderable ↔ inappreciable
apprehension n. � � � /� � : FOREBODING
apprehension : terror :: affection : adoration(<)
apprentice n. � � � : NOVICE
approbation n. � � /� � : COMMENDATION, PRAISE
praise : approbation :: demur : objection
censure : blameless :: approbation : reprehensible
endorse : approbation :: ??
appropriate adj. � � � : FITTING
meet ↔ inappropriate/unsuitable
apt ↔ extremely inappropriate
appropriate v. (� � � � � )� � ( � � )� �
: to take or make use of without authority or right
lurk : wait :: purloin : appropriate
lurk : wait :: abscond : depart
smuggler : import :: embezzler : appropriate
appropriate ↔ surrender arid ↔ damp

approve vt. � � � � /� � � � armory n. � � �

mirth : laughter :: approval : applause pantry : food :: armory : weapons
substantiate ↔ disapprove
arrest vt. ( � � )� � � � �
approximate adj. � � � : to make inactive
paraphrase : verbatim :: approximation : precise(#) arrest ↔ vitalize
stickler : approximation/imprecision :: purist : adulteration
arresting adj. � � � � � : STRIKING, IMPRESSIVE
apropos adj. � � � : PERTINENT blatant : arresting :: odious : disgusting
apropos ↔ irrelevant arresting ↔ banal

apt adj. � � � /~� � � : READY, LIKELY arrhythmic adj. � � � � � �

apt ↔ extremely inappropriate arrhythmic ↔ regular
apt ↔ unlikely
aptness ↔ unsuitability arrogance n. � �
mean : prodigality :: meek : arrogance(#)
aquatic adj. � � confidence : arrogant :: inquiry : interrogatory(<)
aerial : air :: aquatic : water intentional : accidental : arrogant : humble(#)

aqueduct n. � � arsenal n. � � �
: a conduit for water; one for carrying a large quantity of archive : manuscript :: arsenal : weapon
flowing water
aqueduct : water :: pipeline : gas articulate vt. � � � � � �
aqueduct : water :: vessel : blood : to give clear and effective utterance to
ratiocination : thinking :: articulation : talking
aquifer n. � � � articulate : clearly :: shout : loudly
: a water-bearing stratum of permeable rock, sand, or
gravel artifacts n. � � �
shaft : lode :: well : aquifer archive : records :: museum : artifacts

arboreal adj. � � � artifice n. � � /� �

arboreal : trees :: sidereal : stars artifice ↔ candor
arbor� shelter :: hedgerow� fence
artless adj. � � � � /� � �
arboretum n. � � � blemish : impeccable :: guile : artless(#)
: a place where trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants are artless ↔ cunning/guile
cultivated for scientific and educational purposes artlessness ↔ duplicity
arboretum : trees :: aviary : birds sly ↔ artless
arboretum : wilderness :: ?? artless ↔ disingenuous
artlessness ↔ urbanity
archaic adj. � � � : ANTIQUATED affectation ↔ artlessness
evanescent : permanency :: archaic : currency
archaic ↔ current ascendant n. � � : DOMINATION
: a state or position of dominant power or importance
archipelago n. � � ascendant ↔ having no influence
: a group of islands
range : mountain :: chain : link ascent n. � � : ACCLIVITY
chain : link :: archipelago : island(X)
galaxy : planet :: archipelago : islands
ascetic adj/n. � � � /� � � � �
grove : trees :: archipelago : islands
ascetic : self-denial :: glutton : overindulgence
oasis : desert :: archipelago : ocean
ascetic : self-denial :: busybody : intrusiveness
ascetic : self-denial :: bodybuilding : self-development
archetype n. � � /� � : PROTOTYPE sybarite/sumptuous ↔ ascetic
harbinger : presage :: archetype : exemplify(=) voluptuary ↔ ascetic
indulgent ↔ ascetic
archive n. � � � � � �
archive : manuscript :: arsenal : weapon aseptic adj. � � �
archive : records :: museum : artifacts aseptic : disinfections :: anesthetic : numbs

archness n. � � � /� � � aside n. � �
archness ↔ straightness : a straying from the theme
archness ↔ subordinate/obedience aside : digression :: overture : introduction
aside : digression :: summary : excerpt
arctic adj. � � � � /� � � : FRIGID ad-lib : impromptu :: aside : divergent
torrid ↔ arctic
askew adj. � � � � : AWRY
ardor n. � � /� � : INTENSITY aligned ↔ askew
assuage : sorrow :: dampen : ardor
asperity n. � � � � � /� � � � : HARSHNESS
argot n. � � : roughness of manner or of temper
argot ↔ standard language/common verbalism asperity : optimistic :: ??
asperity ↔ mildness of temper/amicability/mildness
arid adj. � � �
marsh : sodden :: desert : arid aspiration n. � �
audacious : trepidation :: laconic : aspiration audacious : caution :: inedible : food
audacious : trepidation :: laconic : volubility circumspect ↔ audacious/reckless/direct encounter
aspirant : quarry :: hunter : prey audacious ↔ timid

assert vt. � � � � /� � � � audible adj. � � �

calumny : assertion :: perjury : testimony(#) audible : stentorian :: discernable : obvious(<)

assess v. � � � � augur n/v. � � � /� � �

assess : value :: plumb : depth : one held to foretell events by omens

asset n. � � augur : predict :: pundit : opine

asset ↔ liability intercessor : mediate :: augur : predict
pundit : opinion :: augur : prediction
assiduous adj. � � � /� � � � � � augur� predict :: pundit� opine
: marked by careful unremitting attention or persistent worship : sacrifice :: prediction : augury
application augury : appearance :: ??
assiduous ↔ indolent
assiduous ↔ desultory auspicious adj. � � � : PROPITIOUS
assiduous ↔ slipshod auspicious ↔ boding ill
auspicious ↔ ominous
assuage vt. � � � � � : EASE auspicious ↔ unfavorable
assuage : sorrow :: dampen : ardor inauspicious ↔ favorable
assuage ↔ intensify/inflame
assuage ↔ exacerbate austere adj. � � � /� � �
gall ↔ calm/assuage abstemious : indulge :: austere : decorate(#)
embellish : austere :: adulterate : pure(#)
assume vt. � � � /� � � � : UNDERTAKE, FEIGN baroque ↔ austere
: to take to or upon oneself
: to pretend to have or be authenticity n. � � � /� � � : REAL, ACTUAL
abdicate ↔ assume : the quality or condition of being authentic, trustworthy,
assume ↔ refuse/reject or genuine
unassuming ↔ overbearing authenticity : fraudulent :: sincerity : hypocritical(#)
discompose : pacific :: fabricate : authentic
astounding adj. � � � � � discompose : pacific :: engage : tedious
indelible : forget :: astounding : expect disturbing : composure :: tedious : energy
discompose : placid :: fabricate : ingenuous(#)
genuine : authenticity :: entire : integrity
astute adj. � � � � � /� � � �
authority n. � �
asunder adv. � � � /� � �
authoritative : acceptance :: conspicuous : attention
authoritativeness : pundits :: allegiance : partisans
asymmetrical adj. � � � � authority : superiority :: heretic : unconformity
circular : asymmetrical :: protean : rigid contumacious : authority :: reactionary/hidebound/
conservative : change/innovation/novelty
asylum n. � � � : SANCTUARY author : novel :: chef : banquet
refugee : asylum :: ??
avarice n. � � : GREEDINESS, CUPIDITY
atone v. (� � )� � � � � /� � � � : EXPIATE : excessive or insatiable desire for wealth or gain
avarice : money :: gluttony : food
atrocious adj. � � � : BARBARIC stoic : perturb :: avaricious : satisfy
atrocious : bad :: momentous : important(>) avarice ↔ generosity

attentive adj. � � � aversion n. � �

: expressing affectionate interest through close aversion : disinclination :: adulation : admiration
observation and gallant gestures aversion : inclination :: ??
attentive� officious :: refined� snobbish(+:) affinity ↔ aversion
attentive : meddlesome :: envious : jealous aversion ↔ court
penchant ↔ aversion
propensity ↔ aversion
attenuate v. � � � � � : WEAKEN
attenuate : force :: decelerate : speed
attenuate : force :: alleviate : power avid adj. � � � � /� � � � �
attenuate : thickness :: cool : temperature reverence : respect :: avidity : enthusiasm(>)
attenuate : thickness :: enervate : vitality avid ↔ indifferent
attenuate : thickness :: debilitate : strength
collapse : volume :: attenuate : thickness avulsion n. � � � �
debase : value :: attenuate : force : a tearing away of a body part accidentally or surgically
avulsion ↔ suture
attorney n. � � � avulse ↔ link
attorney : defendant :: ???
awash adj. � � � � : FLOODED
auction n. � � awash ↔ dry

audacious adj. � � � /� � � � /� � � � � : awe n. � �

ADVENTUROUS redoubtable : regard/awe :: despicable : scorn/contempt/
audacious : trepidation :: laconic : aspiration disregard
audacious : trepidation :: laconic : volubility awe ↔ irreverence
audacious : cautious :: ??
awkward adj. � � � /� � � �
craven : admirable :: deft : awkward(#) ballast n. � � � � � �
dexterous : awkward ::?? : something that gives stability (as in character or
lithe ↔ awkward conduct)
svelte ↔ paunchy and awkward truss : support :: ballast : stability

awl n. � � ballot n. � � � � �
awl : pierce :: pestle : hash : a list of candidates running for office
ballot : candidates :: ??
awning n. � �
awning : sun :: umbrella : rain balm n. � � /� � �
antidote : poisoning :: balm : irritation
awry adj. � � � � /� � � : ASKEW balm ↔ irritant
awry ↔ aligned/orderly inclement ↔ balmy
balmy ↔ piquant

B bamboozle v. � � � � : DUPE, HOODWINK

: to deceive by underhanded methods

ban n. � �
babble vt. � � � � � � � � �
: to utter meaningless or unintelligible sounds
babble : sense :: parrot : originality banal adj. � � � /� � � : TRITE
babble ↔ express succinctly : lacking originality, freshness, or novelty
equivocation : ambiguous :: platitude : banal
arresting ↔ banal
backdrop n. � � �
banal ↔ novel
: a painted cloth hung across the rear of a stage
banality ↔ freshness
placebo : painkiller :: backdrop : vista
banality ↔ ingeniousness
trite ↔ unbanal
backhanded adj. � � � � /� � � � : DEVIOUS
: not straightforward
baneful adj. � � � : seriously harmful
backhanded ↔ forthright

banish vt. � � � �
backset n. � � � � /� � : SETBACK
: to require by authority to leave a country
backset ↔ hike
evict : residence :: banish : country

badge n. � �
banister n. � � � � �
: a device or token especially of membership in a society
staircase : banister :: garden : fence
or group
chevron : badge :: caisson : cart
barb n. � � /� � � � �
: a biting or pointedly critical remark or comment
badger vt. � � � � � � � �
barb : caustic :: pan : harsh
: to harass or annoy persistently
badger : bother :: belabor : mention
badger ↔ mollify barbarous adj. � � � � /� � � /� � � �
: lacking culture or refinement
barbarous ↔ sophisticated/civilized
badinage n. � � � � � : BANTER
barbarize ↔ civilize
: playful repartee
barbaric ↔ sophisticated
badinage ↔ serious conversation

barefaced adj. � � � � � /� � � � : OPEN,

bait vt. � � � � � � /� � � � : ENTICE, LURE
UNCONCEALED
: to persecute or exasperate with unjust, malicious, or
: lacking scruples
persistent attacks
barefaced ↔ surreptitious
bait ↔ disarm
headlong : forethought :: barefaced : shame(#)
bait ↔ mollify

bargain v. � � � � :HAGGLE
baleful adj. � � �
debate : issue :: bargain : price
: deadly or pernicious in influence
bale ↔ mirth/benefit
baroque adj. � � � � � � �
: characterized by grotesqueness, extravagance,
balk v. � � � � /� � � � : BLOCK, DEMUR
complexity, or flamboyance in ornamentaion
: to stop short and refuse to proceed
baroque ↔ austere
: to check or stop by or as if by an obstacle
balk ↔ move ahead willingly
barter v/n. � � � � (� � )
correspond : letters :: barter : commodities
balky adj. � � �
jog : exercise :: barter : trade
: refusing or likely to refuse to proceed, act, or function as
directed or expected
balky ↔ tractable/acquiescent/eager base adj. � � /� � �
debase : value :: attenuate : force
base ↔ virtuous
ballad n. � � �
base ↔ noble/patrician
ballad : stanza :: novel : chapter
sublime ↔ base
ballad : song :: lyric : poem
sublime ↔ common

ballet n. � � �
baseboard n. � � � �
instrumentalist : symphony :: dancer : ballet
veneer : furniture :: baseboard : wall
 betray vt. � � � � /� � � �
bathetic adj. � � � : TRITENESS
bibliophile n. � � �
beatitude n. 0 � � � � : a lover of books especially for qualities of format; also :
beatitude ↔ misery a book collector
bibliophile : books :: gourmet : food
bedeck vt. � � � � : DECK
bedeck ↔ strip bigot n. � � � � �
: a person obstinately or intolerantly devoted to his or her
own opinions and prejudices
bedlam n. � � � �
bigot : tolerance :: turncoat : constancy
tumultuous : bedlam :: active : hive
bigot : tolerance :: liar : honesty
bigot : dedication :: rage : anger(>)
befuddle vt. (� � )� � � � � � � poseur : unaffected :: provincial : cosmopolitan
befuddlement : understanding :: ?? bigoted : advice :: conservative : change

belabor vt. � � � � � � � � � bit n. � � � �

: to discuss repeatedly or at length bit : drill :: blade : razor
badger : bother :: belabor : mention
assert : belabor :: tend : fuss
blackout n. � � � � /� � � � : SUPPRESSION

beleaguer vt. � � � � : TROUBLE, HARASS

bland adj. � � � /� � � � : DULL, INSIPID
beleaguer : vexation :: ??
pungency ↔ blandness
beleaguer ↔ delight
tangy ↔ bland

belie v. � � � � � � � � blandishment n. � � : ALLUREMENT

belie ↔ affirm/confirm
: something that tends to coax or cajole
blandishment : cajole :: obstacle : impede
belittle vt. � � � � � � : DISPARAGE blandishment : coax :: medal : honor
blandishment : coax :: prevarication : deceive
belletristic n. � � � � blandishment : coax :: threat : intimidate
blandishment ↔ threat
bellicose adj. � � � �
imperious : servile :: bellicose : peaceable(#) blase adj. � � � � � /� � �
bellicose ↔ appeasing/peaceful : apathetic to pleasure or excitement as a result of
excessive indulgence or enjoyment
belligerence n. � � � miser : munificent :: zealot : blase
belligerent ↔ peaceful
blaspheme vi. � � � � � � : REVILE, ABUSE
bellwether n. � � � /� � � : LEADER
: one that takes the lead or initiative also : an indicator of blast n.v. � �
trends blast : whiff :: gush : trickle(>)
bellwether : leadership :: adviser : consultation
blatant adj. � � � � /� � � � : BRAZEN
bemoan vt. � � � � : noisy especially in a vulgar or offensive manner
: completely obvious, conspicuous, or obtrusive especially
bend vi. � � � � in a crass or offensive manner
bend : rigid :: submerge : buoyant(#) ambiguous : understand :: blatant : ignore
bend : rigid :: dissolve : insoluble(#) blatant : arresting :: odious : disgusting(=)
blatant ↔ inconspicuous/unimpressive/unobtrusive
blatant ↔ subtle
benediction n. � �
curse ↔ benediction
blazon n/vt. � � ( � � ) : PROCLAIM
: ostentatious display
beneficent adj. � � � � /� � � � �
: to publish widely
: doing or producing good ; performing acts of kindness
alliterate : remove :: blazon : efface
and charity
blazon : adorn :: pillar : support
beneficent : harm :: tenacious : yield(#)
blazon ↔ efface
philanthropist : beneficence :: comedian : humor
noxious ↔ beneficial
toxic ↔ beneficial bleach vt. � � � �
benignant ↔ vicious
blemish n. � /� �
bequest n. � � : LEGACY blemish : impeccable :: guile : artless
heirloom : ancestor :: bequest : testator
blender v. � � � �
berate v. � � � � � �
: to scold or condemn vehemently and at length blight n/v. � � /� � � � �
berate ↔ commend blighted ↔ hale/sound

beseech v. � � � � : IMPLORE bliss n. � � � � � � /� �

supplicant : beseeching :: coquette : flirtatious dislike : loathing :: pleasure : bliss(<)

besmirch v. � � � � /� � � � � : SULLY, SOIL blithe adj. � � � /� � � � � �

: to make dirty ; to stain : lacking due thought or consideration
besmirch ↔ honor blithe ↔ sound
blithe ↔ grave
blunder n. � � � box vi. � � � � � �
: a gross error or mistake resulting usually from stupidity, box : fight :: debate : argue
ignorance, or carelessness
protocol : blunder :: bumper : damage bracing adj. � � � � � �
: giving strength, vigor, or freshness
blunt adj/v. � � /� � � � � bracing ↔ vapid
slacken : tention :: blunt : sharpness
blunt ↔ whet bracket n. (� � ,� � � � )� � �
buttress : wall :: bracket : shelf
blurb n. � � � �
: a short publicity notice (as on a book jacket) brackish adj. � � � : REPULSIVE
blurb : notice :: gloss : explanation : not appealing to the taste
blurb : notice :: cameo : appearance brackish : repulsive :: ??
flit : move :: blurb : utter
braggart n. � � � �
blurt v. � � � � �
: to utter abruptly and impulsively
braided adj. (� � � )� �
blurt : utter :: flit : move
grooved : striating :: braided : stranded

blush n/vi. � � /� � � � � �
brake n. � � � �
blush : embarrassment :: nod : agreement
divert : shunt :: retard : brake
blush : embarrassment :: bow : respect
brake : decelerate :: clamp : compress
blush : embarrassment :: shrug : indifference
yawn : sleepiness :: blush : embarrassment
blush : embarrass :: nod : approve brash adj. � � �
: heedless of the consequences
frivolous : gravity :: brash : discretion
bluster vt. � � � � � /� � � �
: to talk or act with noisy swaggering threats
blustering : speak :: swaggering : walk brassy adj. � � � � �
pontificate : pompous :: scoff : derisive : being shamelessly bold
/drawl : slow /bluster : loud /prate : aimless diffident/unassertive ↔ brassy
furtive ↔ open/forthright/brassy
brassy ↔ humble/unassertive/reserved
boding n. � � : PORTENT ,FOREBODING
auspicious ↔ boding ill
bravura adj. � � �
bravura : performance :: resplendent : appearance
boggle vi. � � � �
: to hesitate because of doubt, fear, or scruples
boggle ↔ embolden brazen adj. � � � � � : IMPUDENCE
: marked by contemptuous boldness
brazen : impudent :: deadpan :impassive
boisterous adj. � � � � : ROWDY, VOCIFEROUS
brazen ↔ modest
: marked by or expressive of exuberance and high spirits
brazen ↔ self efface
boisterous ↔ quiet

breach n/v. � � /� � � � �
bolster n/v. � � � /� � � �
: a break in accustomed friendly relations
: to support with or as if with a bolster
: a temporary gap in continuity
bolster : support :: tackle : hoist
: to make a breach in
adulterant : pure :: bolster : weak
breach ↔ solder

bombast n. � � � � /� �
breezeway n. � � � � � �
nonsensical : drivel :: pompous : bombast
breezeway : building :: stairway : floor
bombast ↔ down to earth language/understated/
unpretentious
brevity n. � �
brevity : aphorism :: distortion : caricature
bonhomie n. � � � : GENIALITY
exaggeration : caricature :: brevity : epigram
: good-natured easy friendliness
congenial : bonhomie :: ??
bonhomie : good natured :: ?? bribe v. � � � � � � �
bribe : incorruptible :: affect : insensible
bonus n. � � �
bonus : employee :: decoration : soldier bridle v. � � � �
bridled ↔ without restraint
boon n. � � /� � : BENEFIT, FAVOR
boon ↔ misfortune brisk adj. � � � : LIVELY
ponderous ↔ lively/vibrant/brisk
boor n. � � �
insensitive : boor :: mischievous : imp bristle n/v. (� � � � � � )� � � � �
sensitivity : boor :: sagacity : simpleton bristle : anger :: vacillate : unresolution
bristle ↔ cower
bootless adj. � � � : USELESS, UNPROFITABLE
bootless : futility :: effulgent : resplendence brittle adj. � � � � � �
interesting : intriguing :: bootless : futile(=) manifest : perceive :: brittle : break

bore vt. � � /� � � � � � broach v. � � � � � � � � �

die : shaping :: drill : boring : to open for the first time
entrance ↔ disappoint/disgust/repel/repulse/bore broach ↔ close off
 diatribe : abuse :: burlesque : mockery
bromide n. � � � � � � doggerel : verse :: burlesque : play
equivocation : misleading :: bromide : hackneyed
bromide ↔ unhackneyed speech burnish v/n. � � � � /� �
: to make shiny or lustrous especially by rubbing
browbeat vt. � � � � numb : insensible :: burnish : lustrous
instigator : incite :: bully : browbeat burnish : dull :: mar : flawless

bruit vt. � � � � � � � : REPORT burrow n. (� � ,� � )�

bruit ↔ keep secret ditch : canyon :: burrow : cavern(<)

buck v. � � � � � � � : BALK buttress n. � � �

buck ↔ assent to : a projecting structure of masonry or wood for supporting
or giving stability to a wall or building
strut : wing :: buttress : wall
bucolic adj. � � � � /� � �
buttress : wall :: bracket : shelf
palatial : hovel :: bucolic : city
buttress : edifice :: splint : limb
bucolic ↔ urban
aegis : protection :: buttress : support
bucolic ↔ sophisticated

buttress v. � � � � : SUPPORT/STRENGTHEN
budge vi. � � � � � � : YIELD
: to furnish or shore up with a buttress
: to give way
buttress : edifice :: splint : fracture
palter : candor :: budge : diehard
aegis : protection :: buttress :support
contravene ↔ buttress
buffer v. (� � � ) � �
buffer : impact :: extenuate : circumsance
bygone n. � � � � : PAST,OUTMODED
buffoon n. � � � : CLOWN
byline n. � � � � � � �
ludicrous : buffoon :: dissolute : libertine
: a line at the beginning of a news story, magazine article,
/humorous : wag
or book giving the writer's name
article : byline :: movie : credits
bully n. � �
: one habitually cruel to others who are weaker
instigator : incite :: bully : browbeat
bully : intimidation :: dupe/stupid : gullibility C
bully : scare :: ??
underdog ↔ bully
cabal n. � � � � � �
bumper n. � � � � � � : the artifices and intrigues of a group of persons secretly
: a device for absorbing shock or preventing damage united to bring about an overturn or usurpation especially
protocol : blunder :: bumper : damage in public affairs
cabal : association :: plot : plan
bumptious adj. � � � /� � � : OBTRUSIVE
: presumptuously, obtusely, and often noisily self-assertive cacophony n. � � � � : DISSONANCE
dour : geniality :: bumptious : humbleness : harsh or discordant sound
dour : tractable :: bumptious : humbleness cacophony : sound :: malodor : scent
impetuous : vacillation/hesitation :: bumptious : cacophony : voice :: gaucherie : skill
humbleness cacophonous ↔ dulcet/euphonious
bumptious : disrepect :: ??
bumptious ↔ humble cadet n. � � /� �
: one in training for a military or naval commission
bungle v. � � � � � � � cadet : veteran :: tadpole : frog
: to act or work clumsily and awkwardly
bungle ↔ bring off cadge v. � � � � � � � : BEG, SPONGE
: to beg or obtain by begging ; to sponge
buoy vt. � � � /� � � � : SUPPORT, UPLIFT cadge ↔ earn
buoyed ↔ unsupported
caisson n. � � � �
buoyant adj. � � � /� � � � � : CHEERFUL, GAY chevron : badge :: caisson : cart
: capable of floating
bend : rigid :: submerge : buoyant cajole v. (� � � � ) � � � ~� � � � : COAX
/dissolve : insoluble : to persuade with flattery or gentle urging especially in
buoyant : float :: heavy : drop the face of reluctance
hangdog ↔ buoyant blandishment : cajole :: obstacle : impede
buoyant ↔ sinking
calamitous adj. � � � � � � �
burgeon v. � � � /� � � � : FLOURISH : being, causing, or accompanied by calamity
: to grow and expand rapidly
burgeon ↔ wither
calcify vi. � � � � �
burgeon ↔ subdue
: to make inflexible or unchangeable
calcification ↔ flexibility
burial n. � � : INTER
: the act or process of burying
calibrate vt. � � � � � /� � � � � � � � �
inter : burial :: obliterate : removal
: to ascertain the caliber of
: to standardize (as a measuring instrument) by
burlesque n. � � � determining the deviation from a standard so as to
: mockery usually by caricature ascertain the proper correction factors
measure : dimensions :: calibrate : diameter
/gauge : pressure /plumb : depth
calibrated ↔ unstandardized
calligrapher n. � � �
callow adj. � � � � : IMMATURE/GREEHORN
: lacking adult sophistication
frank : secretiveness :: callow : maturity(#)
callow : mature :: greenhorn : experienced(#)
callow : mature :: capricious : deliberate(#)
?? :: expertise : green
experience : green :: pelf : impecunious
callow ↔ behaving with adult/sophisticated
callow ↔ mature
callous v/n/adj. � � � � � � � /� /� � �
callous : impassivity :: dupe : duplicity
gully : erosion :: callous : friction
callous ↔ sympathetic
callous ↔ compassionate
calorie n. � � �
power : watt :: heat : calorie
/decibel : sound /volt : electricity
calumniate v. � � � � /� � � �
: to utter maliciously false statements, charges, or
imputations about
corroborate : evidence :: calumniate : falsehood
calumny : assertion :: perjury : testimony(#)
calumny : representation :: perjury : testimony
calumniate ↔ vindicate
calumnious ↔ flattering
calumny ↔ approbation/eulogy
camaraderie n. � �
camaraderie/comity ↔ enmity
cameo n. � � � � � /� � � � �
: a small piece of sculpture on a stone or shell
: a small theatrical role usually performed by a well-known
actor and often limited to a single scene
peccadillo : offense :: cameo : sculpture(<)
blurb : notice :: cameo : appearance
camouflage n. � � /� � �
: behavior or artifice designed to deceive or hide
camouflage ↔ exposure
code : meaning :: camouflage : location
candidate n. � � �
roster : personnel :: slate : candidate
candor n. � � � � /� � : FORTHRIGHTNESS
: freedom from prejudice or malice
: unreserved, honest, or sincere expression
palter : candor :: budge : diehard
candor : subterfuge :: brashness : deliberation(#)
artifice ↔ candor
cane n. � � �
cane : walk :: glasses : see
canon n. � � /� � � � � � � � � � �
: an accepted principle or rule
: the authentic works of a writer
religion : devoutness :: canon : orthodoxy
canonical : conforming :: qualified : limited
canon ↔ apocrypha
canonical ↔ nontraditional
cantankerous adj. � � � � /� � � � � �
: difficult or irritating to deal with
canvas n. � �
canvas : painter :: marble : sculptor
canvass v. (� � )� � � � � : SOLICIT
: to seek orders or votes
exponent : advocate :: pollster : canvass
canyon n. � � � �
ditch : canyon :: burrow : cavern(<)
capitulate v. (� � � )� � � � : ACQUIESCE
: to surrender often after negotiation of terms
acquiesce : yielding :: capitulate : categorical
capitulate ↔ resist
capitulation ↔ resistance
caprice n. � �
caprice : whimsical :: stealth : furtive
/discontent : unsatisfied
caprice : whimsical :: insight : discerning
apophasis : claim :: caprice : deliberation
capricious ↔ steadfast
caprice ↔ confirmation
captivate vt. � � � � � � �
captivate ↔ repulse
caretaker n. � � � � � /� � �
careworn adj. � � � � � � � �
: showing the effect of grief or anxiety
careworn ↔ lighthearted
caricature n. � � � �
: exaggeration by means of often ludicrous distortion of
parts or characteristics
brevity : aphorism :: distortion : caricature
exaggeration : caricature :: brevity : epigram
pithiness : aphorism :: exaggeration : caricature
carouse vi. � � � � � � � �
: to drink liquor deeply or freely
roisterer : carouse :: recluse : withdraw
carp vi. � � � �
: to find fault or complain querulously
caviler : carping :: libertine : licentious
complain : carp :: drink : guzzle(<)
cartographer n. � � � � �
cartographer : map :: tailor : clothing
/lexicographer : dictionary
cast n/v. � � (� � )
appoint : official :: cast : actor
letter : signature :: playbill : cast
castigation n. � �
: to subject to severe punishment, reproof, or criticism
castigation : disapproval :: misbehavior : crime
castigation : reproof :: denunciation : denial
/glorification : merit(>)
castigation : reproof :: loathing : dislike
peccadillo : sin :: admonishment : castigation
castle n. �
castle : turret :: sea : beacon
catalyze vt. � � � � � : BRING ABOUT, INSPIRE
catalyze ↔ retard
enzyme : catalyst :: bacterium : microbe
catastrophe n. � � �
catastrophe : mishap :: humiliation : embarrassment(>)
categorical adj. � � � � : ABSOLUTE, UNQUALIFIED
acquiesce : yielding :: capitulate : categorical
categorical ↔ qualified/conditional

cater vi. � � � � � � �
: to supply what is required or desired
catholic adj. � � � � /� � � � � : UNIVERSAL
: broad in sympathies, tastes, or interests
catholic ↔ narrow
centrifuge : separate :: colander : drain
ceremony n. � �
affidavit : statement :: wedding : ceremony
cessation n. � � /� � : STOP
cessation ↔ commencement/start

caustic adj. � � � /� � � certitude n. � �

barb : caustic :: pan : harsh : the state of being or feeling certain
caustic : eat away :: desiccant : dry certitude ↔ obscurity
caustic ↔ palliating/genial
chaff n. � �
cavalier adj. � � � � � � � � /� � � : DEBONAIR winnow : chaff :: filter : impurities
: marked by or given to offhand and often disdainful
dismissal of important matters chagrin n. � � � /� �
cavalierly : deliberation :: ?? : disquietude or distress of mind caused by humiliation,
disappointment, or failure
caveat n. � � /� � chargrin : mind :: grimace : face
overture : introductory :: caveat : warning
chargrin ↔ elation
cavern n. � � �
ditch : canyon :: burrow : cavern chamber n. � /� � � � �
cavern : spelunker :: ocean : diver
grotto : cavern :: arroyo : channel
chameleon n. � � � �
salmon : ichthyologist :: chameleon : herpetologist
cavil v. � � � �
: to raise trivial and frivolous objection
champion vt. � � /� � � � : UPHOLD, ADVOCATE
cavil : criticize :: probe : investigate(=)
champion ↔ disparage
caviler : carping :: libertine : licentious
impugn ↔ champion
encomiast : eulogize :: quibbler : cavil
nitpick : criticize ::cavil : object
nitpicker : criticize :: quibbler : cavil charade n. � � � � � � � � � � � � /� �
: a game in which some of the players try to guess a word
or phrase from the actions of another player who may not
cavort vi. � � � � � : PRANCE
speak
dodder : unsteady :: cavort : sprightly
: an empty or deceptive act or pretense
charade : word :: mime : story
cede vt. � � � � charade : dissimulate :: void : empty
cede : possesion :: ??
charlatan n. � � � /� � � : FRAUD/FAKER
celebrity n. � � � �
celebration : decry :: slight : show respect(#)
chary adj. � � � /� � � � �
celebrity ↔ obscurity
chary ↔ bold/rash

cell n. � �
chasm n. � � � : GORGE
cell : membrane :: seed : hull
cleft : chasm :: cut : gash(<)

cement v. � � � �
check n/v. � � � � � � (� � )
: to unite or make firm by or as if by cement
: to block the progress of
cement ↔ fracture
jolt : move :: check : stop
propagate/hasten ↔ check
censor vt/n. � � � /� � � �
: to examine in order to suppress or delete anything
chef n. � � �
considered objectionable
author : novel :: chef : banquet
censorship : communication :: preservative : decay
writer : novel :: chef : banquet
censorship : information :: sanitation : disease
vendor : purvey :: censor : expurgate
cherubic adj. � � � � �
cherubic ↔ somber
censorious adj. � � � � � �
: marked by or given to censure
pliable : influence :: censorious : condemn chevron n. � � � � (� � � )
censorious : critical :: ?? chevron : badge :: caisson : cart

censure n/v. � � /� � (� � ) chiaroscuro n. � � � � �

: to find fault with and criticize as blameworthy chiaroscuro : contrast :: filigree : delicacy
lamentable : pity :: reprehensible : censure chiaroscuro : contrast :: tapestry : intricacy
remonstrance : dissuade :: reprehension : censure
censure : blameless :: approbation : reprehensible chic adj. � � � � : STYLE
exonerate ↔ censure
extol ↔ censure chicanery n. � � � /� � : TRICKERY
: deception by artful subterfuge or sophistry
census n. � � � � chicanery : clever :: tactlessness : truthful
: a usually complete enumeration of a population gullible : chicanery :: servile : domination
census : population :: inventory : stock chicanery ↔ guilelessness
chicanery ↔ forthrightness
centrifuge n. � � � � � chicanery ↔ honest dealing

chide v. � � � /� � � � � : SCOLD
: to voice disapproval to:reproach in a usually mild and
constructive manner
chide : pillory :: humor : mollycoddle(<)
circumspect adj. � � � : PRUDENT
: careful to consider all circumstances and possible
consequences
circumspect ↔ audacious/reckless
temerity ↔ circumspection

chip n. � � circumvent vt. � � � � � � �

chip : stone :: shard : glass : to manage to get around especially by ingenuity or
stratagemt
circumvent ↔ confront
choke vt. � � � � �
circumvention ↔ direct encounter
smother : choke :: ??
cistern n. � � �
choleric adj. � � � � /� � �
cistern : liquids :: landfill : refuse
: easily moved to often unreasonable or excessive anger ;
hot-tempered
cowardice : intimidate :: choler : antagonize citation n. � � �
choleric ↔ difficult to provoke/pacific summons : citation :: ??
choleric : rile :: volatile : rouse
choleric : rile :: partial : bias civility n. � � � �
choler : antagonize :: ?? : COURTESY, POLITENESS
civility ↔ rudeness
chord n. � �
: three or more musical tones sounded simultaneously clandestine adj. � � � : SURREPTITIOUS
chord : note :: river : stream clandestine : secretly :: overt : openly
chord : note :: grove : tree clandestine ↔ open
chord : tone :: ode : poem
river : � � clarion adj. � � �
stream : river � � � � � � � � � � � � : brilliantly clear ; loud and clear
creek : � � � , � � � � clarion ↔ soft and indistinct
brook, rivulet, streamlet : � � � � � � � � � �
rill : � � � � � �
clarity n. � � � : LUCIDITY
ambiguous : clarity :: mendacious : truth
choreography n. � � consensus : factionalism :: clarity : confusion
: the composition and arrangement of dances especially equivocation : clarity :: prevarication : truth
for ballet equivocation : truth :: euphemism : offense
choreography : dance :: plot : story /obfuscation : clarity
choreographer : movement :: architect : building misunderstood : clarify :: erroneous : retract
ramshackle : soundness :: garbled : clarity
chromatic adj. � � � roil ↔ clarify/appease
chromatic ↔ colorless obfuscate/opaque ↔ clarify

chronic adj. � � � � /� � � : INVETERATE clasp n. � �

: marked by long duration or frequent recurrence lathe : shape :: clasp : fasten
chronic ↔ sporadic
cleft n. � � � �
chronicle n. � � � cleft : chasm :: cut : gash(<)

chronological adj. � � � � clement adj. � � � � /� � � : LENIENT

dictionary : alphabetical :: annals : chronological
cliche n. � � � �
chunk n. � � � � hodgepodge : uniformity :: cliché : originality
chunk ↔ flake
cling vi. � � � �
churlish adj. � � � � /� � � � : SURLY
: marked by a lack of civility or graciousness clique n. � �
annoying : gadfly :: rude : churl clique : intimates :: flock : sheep
complaisance ↔ churlishness
genteel ↔ churlish
clog n. � � � : ENCUMBRANCE
: something that shackles or impedes
cinder n. � � : DROSS clog : drainage :: stalemate : negotiations

cipher n. � � closet n/adj. � � /� � �

cipher : cryptic :: precis : concise
clothing n. � �
circuitous adj. � � � � pantry : food :: closet/wardrobe : clothes
: not being forthright or direct in language or action
immaterial : relevance :: circuitous : directness
clot n. � � � � �
clot : dissolved :: crowd : dispersed
circumference n. � �
border : country :: circumference : circle
cloudburst n. � �
: a sudden copious rainfall
circumlocutory adj. � � � gust : wind :: cloudburst : rainfall
: having use of an unnecessarily large number of words to
express an idea
clout n. � � � : PULL, INFLUENCE
circumlocutation ↔ pithy utters
clout ↔ impuissance

cloying adj. � � � � � � /� �
: excessively sweet or sentimental
garrulous : talkative :: cloying : sweet
/loquacious : talkative
coma : unconsciousness :: delirium : confusion
combustible adj. � � � �
impervious : friable :: nonflammable : combustible(#)
combustible : ignite :: malleable : shape

clumsy adj. � � � � /� � comely adj. � � � /� � �

: having a pleasing appearance ; not homely or plain
coagulant n. � � � comeliness ↔ unattractiveness
coagulant : thicken :: solvent : dissolve
coagulant ↔ liquefier/dissolvent commencement n. � � /� � � � �
: an act, instance, or time of beginning
coalesce v. � � � � : FUSE cessation ↔ commencement
coalesce ↔ disaggregate cease ↔ inaugurate/commence
coalesce ↔ sunder commencement ↔ matriculation

coarse adj. � � � /� � � � commend vt. � � � � : PRAISE

: rough, especially to the touch execrable ↔ commendable/laudable
: adjusted or designed for heavy, fast, or less delicate
work commensurate adj. � � � /� � � �
coarse : surface :: ?? preponderant ↔ commensurate
fastidious ↔ coarse tantamount ↔ incommensurate

coax vt. � � � � � � � � : CAJOLE commentary n. � �

: to persuade or try to persuade by pleading or flattery
equivocation : coax :: explanation : enlighten
blandishment : coax :: medal : honor
/prevarication : deceive
coda n. � � � � � �
dessert : meal :: epilogue : play
/coda : sonata
coda ↔ overture
coeval adj. � � � � �
: of the same or equal age, antiquity, or duration
congruent : dimension :: coeval : age
commercial n. � �
advertising : commercial :: publishing : journal
commitment n. � � /� �
crime : misdemeanor :: commitment : decision
dilettante : commitment :: nonentity : consequence
disaffected : contentment :: dubious : commitment/
conviction
ambivalent ↔ commitment
committed adj. � � � �
profligate : solvent :: mercurial : committed

cogent adj. � � � � � : CONVINCING commodious adj. � � � /� � : ROOMY

: appealing forcibly to the mind or reason : comfortably or conveniently spacious
cogent : convince :: repugnant : repel taut : commodiousness :: extraordinary : purlieu
cogent ↔ unconvincing commodious ↔ constricted/cramped

cogitate v. � � /� � � � commonsense n. � �
philosopher : cogitate :: iconoclast : attack preposterous ↔ commonsensical

cognizant adj. � � � /� � � � commotion n. � � /� � : TO-DO

: knowledgeable of something especially through personal
experience
incognizance : knowledgeable :: penury : wealthy(#)
cognizant ↔ oblivious
colander n. � � �
: a perforated utensil for washing or draining food
squall : commotion :: flash : illumination
compendium n. � � : ABSTRACT
: a brief summary of a larger work or of a field of
knowledge
compendium : summary :: anthology : collection(=)
encyclopedia : compendious :: ??

centrifuge : separate :: colander : drain compensate v. � � � � : BALLNCE

collapse vt. � � � � � complaisance n. � � � /� � � : AFFABILITY

: to fall or shrink together abruptly and completely
collapse : implode :: divide : sunder(<)
collapse : implode :: steep : immerse
collapse : volume :: attenuate : thickness
collude v. � � � � : CONSPIRE, PLOT
collude : cooperate :: smuggle : convey
complaisance : intractable :: adeptness : maladroit
complaisance ↔ churlishness
complaisance ↔ obstinacy
compliant adj. � � � : SUBMISSIVE
compliant : servile :: trusting : gullible(<)
obsequious : fawn :: compliant : yield

colonnade n. � � compliment vt. � � /� � � �

: a series of columns set at regular intervals and usually apologize : contrite :: compliment : impressed
supporting the base of a roof structure vituperative ↔ complimentary
colonnade : pillar :: queue : person
comply vi. � � � � � �
coltish adj. � � � mandatory : comply :: forbidden : abstain
: not subjected to discipline
coltish� discipline :: loutish� grace
composed adj. � � � : CALM, SELF-POSSESSED
: free from agitation
coma n. � � � � distraught/frenetic ↔ composed
 confident adj. � � � � �
compress vt. � � � � confident : timid :: open : shy(#)
compression ↔ increase in volume confidence : arrogant :: inquiry : interrogatory(<)
distention ↔ compression
confine vt. � � � �
compromise n/v. � � /� � � � loose : confinement :: disabuse : misconception
mediation : compromise :: prosecution : conviction
implacable : compromise :: honest : swindle confluence n. � � � /� �
intransigent ↔ open to compromise confluence : streams :: junction : roads
compunction n. � � � � � confluence ↔ divergence
: anxiety arising from awareness of guilt
unrepentant ↔ compunctious conform v. � � � � /� � �
: to be similar or identical
concatenate v. (� � � � � )� � � � : to be obedient or compliant
concatenate ↔ separate incongruent : conform :: recalcitrant : obey

concede v. � � � � /� � � � confront vt. � � � : OPPOSE

concede ↔ refuse to grant craven : confront :: honest : deceive
circumvent ↔ confront
concentrate v. � � � � /� � � � � : FOCUS
concentrate ↔ dilute solution congeal v. � � � � � : COAGULATE
deploy ↔ concentrate congeal ↔ melt/disintegrated
congeal ↔ fail to solidify
concerted adj. � � � � �
concerted ↔ individually devised congenial adj. � � � � � : SOCIABLE, GENIAL
dour ↔ genial/congenial
concerto n. � � �
congruent adj. � � � � /� � � �
conciliate v. � � � /� � � � congruent : dimension :: coeval : age
sop : conciliatory :: subsidy : supportive incongruent : conform :: recalcitrant : obey
conciliate ↔ vex/nettle/discontent variance ↔ congruity
vex ↔ conciliation congruent ↔ disagreeable
contentious ↔ conciliatory
conjecture n/v. � � (� � )
conciseness n. � � � conjecture ↔ restrain from the speculation
synopsis : conciseness :: distillate : purity conjecture ↔ fact

concord n. � � /� � : HARMONY connive v. � � � � : CONSPIRE

concord ↔ dissension : to cooperate secretly in an illegal or wrongful action
dissonance ↔ concord connive : coorperate :: spy : watch
uncouth : churl :: conspiratorial : conniver
concur vi. � � � � /� � � �
concur ↔ naysay connoisseur n. � � � � �
concur ↔ object/dissent : one who understands the details, technique, or principles
of an art and is competent to act as a critical judge
connoisseur : art :: gourmet : cuisine
condemn vt. � � � �
selflessness : altruist :: expertise : connoisseur
countenance ↔ condemn
exaltation ↔ condemnation
extol ↔ condemn/impugn/detract conquest n. � �
inexorable : dissuasion :: indomitable : conquest
condescending adj. � � � � : PATRONIZING
condescending : patronize :: obsequious : fawn conscientious adj. � � � � /� � � � � : SCRUPULOUS
patronize : condescension :: deride : mockery : thorough and assiduous
conscientious ↔ unaware/careless
conscious ↔ unwitting
condign adj. � � � /� � � : DESERVED, APPROPRIATE
condign ↔ undeserved/unmerited
consensus n. � � /� � : UNANIMITY
condolence n. � � /� � : general agreement
condolence : sympathy/compassion :: gibe : derision consensus : factionalism :: clarity : confusion(#)
expedition : foot-dragging :: consensus : factionalism
law : criminality :: consensus : factionalism
condone vt. � � � � /� � � � � schism : consensus :: interruption : continuity
condone ↔ denounce
consensus ↔ factionalism
condone ↔ exact

conservative adj. � � � � : TRADITIONAL

conducive adj. � � � � /� � � �
bigoted : advice :: conservative : change
: tending to promote or assist
contumacious : authority :: reactionary/hidebound/
conducive : foment :: tonic : invigorate
conservative : change/innovation/novelty

confederacy n. � � : ALLIANCE
conservatory n. � � /� � � �
conservatory : music :: seminary : theology
confess v. � � � � /observatory : astronomy
recantation : error :: confession : crime
conserve v. � � � �
confidant n. � � � � � : to avoid wasteful or destructive use of
conserve ↔ waste/squander/exhaust
considerable adj. � � � /� � � : SIGNIFICANT contradictory adj. � � �
restive : calm :: piddling : considerable(#) paradox : contradictory :: epigram : wise

consignment n. � � contravene v. � � � � : CONTRADICT

consignment : invoice :: ?? contravene ↔ support

console v. � � � � : COMFORT contretemps n. � � � � � /� �

embarrass : shame :: console : comfort
console ↔ aggravate grief contrite adj. � � � � � �
: grieving and penitent for sin or shortcoming
consolidate vt. � � � � /� � � � : UNITE apologize : contrite :: compliment : impressed
: to join together into one whole
consolidation ↔ fragmentation contrived adj. � � � /� � : ARTIFICIAL, LABORED
consolidate ↔ dissolve contrived : design :: ??

consonance n. � � contumacious adj. � � � � : REBELLIOUS

consonant ↔ dissentient/dissonant : stubbornly disobedient
contumacious : authority :: reactionary/hidebound/
conspicuous adj. � � � � : STRIKING conservative : change/innovation/novelty
: attracting attention contumacious ↔ obedient
authoritative : acceptance :: conspicuous : attention
conspicuous : see :: transparent : understand conundrum n. � � � �
conspicuous : sheltered :: ?? : an intricate and difficult problem
blatant ↔ inconspicuous
nondescript ↔ conspicuous conundrum : solve :: ??
salient ↔ unconspicuous conundrum : confuse :: ??

constellation n. � � � convalesce vi. � � � � � � �

: the configuration of stars especially at one's birth recidivism : relapse :: rehabilitation : convalesce
constellation : star :: chord : note
convenience n. � � � � � �
constitute vt. � � � � opportune : convenience :: impermanent : transience
abdicate ↔ constitute opportune ↔ inconvenient

constrained adj. � � � convention n. � �

constrain ↔ release overdose : prescription :: indiscretion : convention
intemperate ↔ constrained eccentric : conventional :: doyen : uninitiated
offbeat ↔ conventional
consultation n. � � ossify ↔ transcend conventions

contagious adj. � � � � : CATCHING convergent adj. � � � � : CONVERGING

sprain : injury :: cold : contagion : tending to move toward one point or to approach each
contagious ↔ incommunicable other
converge ↔ spread out/ramify
contaminate vt. � � � � � convergent ↔ moving apart
hedge : loss :: quarantine : contamination discrepancy ↔ convergence
/safeguard : accident
conversant adj. � � � � � /� � �
contemplate vt. � � � � � � : having frequent or familiar association
: having knowledge or experience
conversant ↔ unfamiliar
contempt n. � � : DISDAIN
conversant ↔ ignorant
measly : contemptibly :: puny : weakly
conversance ↔ lack of familiarity
paragon : admire :: pariah : contempt
redoubtable : regard/awe :: despicable : scorn/contempt/
disregard convert vt. � � � � �
wince : pain :: smile : pleasure : to bring over from one belief, view, or party to another
/pout : displeasure /sneer : contempt veer : direction :: convert : belief
estimable ↔ contemptible hunter : quarry :: proselytizer : convert
contemptible ↔ popular
convex n. � � �
content adj. � � � /� � � � convex ↔ dent
disaffected : contentment :: dubious : conviction
gripe : discontent :: praise : admiration convey vt. � � � � /� � � �
admiration : praise:: discontent: complain collude : cooperate :: smuggle : convey
disaffected ↔ content splint : immobilize :: duct : convey
restiveness ↔ contentment
conviction n. � � � � /� �
contentious adj. � � � � /� � � � � � � disaffected : contentment :: dubious : conviction
: exhibiting an often perverse and wearisome tendency to mediation : compromise :: prosecution : conviction
quarrels and disputes
contentious ↔ conciliatory convivial adj. � � � /� � � �
contention ↔ general agreement convivial : social :: ??

contingent adj. � � � � � � : POSSIBLE convoke v. � � � �

: likely but not certain to happen convoke ↔ adjourn
 sophism : reasoning :: counterfeit : money
convoluted adj. � � � /� � � : INVOLVED, INTRICATE
convoluted : complexity :: ephemeral : transience counterpart n. � � : DUPLICATE

convulsion n. � � couplet n. 2� � � : DISTICH

: an abnormal violent and involuntary contraction or series : unit of verse consisting of two successive lines, usually
of contractions of the muscles rhyming and having the same meter and often forming a
convulsion : contraction :: frenzy : emotion complete thought or syntactic unit
couplet : sentence :: ??
coop n. � �
corral : horses :: coop : chickens court n/v. � � /� � ( � � )
: conduct or attention intended to win favor or dispel
copious adj. � � � � � hostility
copious ↔ sparse aversion ↔ court
court ↔ repel intentionally/repulse intentionally/snub
spurn ↔ court ,crave, embrace
coquette n. � � � �
supplicant : beseeching :: coquette : flirtatious
courtesy n. � �
cord n. � � � � �
ream : paper :: cord : wood coven n. 13 � � � � �
retainer : retinue :: witch : coven
retinue : attendant :: coven : witch
cordon n. � � �
/staff : officer
: a line of troops or of military posts enclosing an area to
prevent passage
levee : river :: cordon : crowd covetous adj. � � � � �
: marked by inordinate desire for wealth or possessions or
for another's possessions
cornucopia n. � � : ABUNDANCE
troubled : distraught :: covetous : rapacious(<)
cornucopia ↔ lack/pittance

cow v. � � � �
coronation n. � � �
: to destroy the resolve or courage of
coronation : reign :: wedding : marriage
cowed ↔ undaunted
embolden ↔ abash/faze/cow
corporeal adj. � � � � : SUBSTANTIAL
: not immaterial or intangible
cowardice n. � �
: not spiritual
coward : intimidate :: perplexed : obfuscate
corporeal ↔ intangible/disembodied
pluck ↔ cowardice
spiritual ↔ corporeal
incorporeal ↔ incarnate
cower vi. � � � �
: to shrink away or crouch especially for shelter from
corral n. � �
something that menaces, domineers, or dismays
corral : horses :: coop : chickens
fear : cower :: anger : rant
bristle ↔ cower
corroborate vt. � � � �
: to support with evidence or authority
craft n. � � : DEXTERITY
corroborate : evidence :: calumniate : falsehood
corroboration ↔ lessening of certainty
cramp adj/v. � � � /� � � � � : CONFINE, RESTRAIN
commodious ↔ constricted/cramped
corrosive n. � � �
etch : corrosive :: glue : adhesive
crass adj. � � � � � �
: crude and unrefined as to be lacking in discrimination
cosmopolitan adj. � � � � /� � � �
and sensibility
: having worldwide rather than limited or provincial scope
crass ↔ refined
or bearing
bigot : tolerant :: provincial : cosmopolitan
bigot : tolerant :: servile : domination craven adj. � � � /� � �
insularity ↔ cosmopolitanism : lacking the least bit of courage
insular ↔ cosmopolitan craven : admirable :: deft : awkward(#)
craven : hero :: parsimonious : spendthrift
craven : heroic :: volatile : constant(#)
cosset v. � � � � � � : PAMPER
heroic : craven :: erratic : permanent(#)
: to treat as a pet
craven : confront :: honest : deceive
cosset ↔ slight
dastard : craven :: dupe : gullible
cosseted ↔ unspoiled

craving n. � � � � /� �
coterie n. � � � � � ·� � � � � � �
: an intense, urgent, or abnormal desire or longing
: an intimate and often exclusive group of persons with a
unifying common interest or purpose
terror : fear :: craving : desire(>)
spurn ↔ court/crave/embrace
coterie : group :: ??

credence n. � �
countenance v. � � /� � � � : SANCTION
credence ↔ distrust
: to extend approval or toleration to
countenance ↔ condemn
creek n. � � �
hill : mountain :: creek : river
counterfeit n. � � /� � : FORGED
: something made in imitation of something else with
intent to deceive creep v. � � � � /� � � �
: to go very slowly ; to go timidly or cautiously so as to
escape notice cunning adj. � � � /� � �
: to enter or advance gradually so as to be almost artless ↔ cunning/guile
unnoticed ingenuous ↔ cunning
creep ↔ moved swiftly
curative adj. � � �
crescendo n. � � � � � � (� � )
curator n. � � � �
crest n. � � ( � � � � � ) ranger : forest :: curator : museum
crest : wave :: summit/peak : mountain
curmudgeon n. � � � � �
crestfallen adj. � � � /� � � : DEJECTED : an ill-tempered person full of resentment and stubborn
: feeling shame or humiliation notions
curmudgeon ↔ agreeable person
criteria n. � �
cursory adj. � � � /� � � � : HASTY
cronyism n. � � (� � � � ) : rapidly and often superficially performed or produced
nepotism : relative :: cronyism : friend cursory ↔ painstakingly thorough
nepotism : favoritism :: embezzlement : fraud fastidious ↔ easygoing/cursory/uncritical

croon v. � � � � � curt adj. � � � /� � � � : TERSE

: to sing or speak in a gentle murmuring manner : sparing of words
croon : sing :: murmur : speak curt : words :: parsimonious : resource/money

crop n. � � � : COLLECTION curtail vt. � � � �

crop ↔ pittance : to make less by or as if by cutting off or away some part
curtail : period :: enervate : energy
crouch v. � � � � /� � � � � : CRINGE protract ↔ curtail

crown vt. � � � � � � cyclone n. � � � ( � � )

inaugurate : president :: install : official snow : precipitation :: hurricane : cyclone
/crown : king
cynical adj. � � � � /� � � �
crucial adj. � � � � : DECISIVE : contemptuously distrustful of human nature and motives
: important or essential as resolving a crisis ingénue : sophistication :: cynic : trustfulness
relevant : crucial :: perceptible : obvious(<)
crucial ↔ inconsequential
D
crude adj. � � �
delicacy ↔ crudity
dabble vi. ( � � � � )� � �
crutch n. � � /� � � : to work or involve oneself superficially or intermittently
: a support typically fitting under the armpit for use by the especially in a secondary activity or interest
disabled in walking dabble ↔ dedicate/devote
crutch : walk :: glasses : see dabbler ↔ specialist
crutch : support :: glasses : see dabble : superficial :: ??

crux n. (� � � � � ) 0 � daft adj. � � � � /� � � � � : SILLY, INSANE

: an essential point requiring resolution or resolving an daft ↔ judicious
outcome daft : saint :: ??
crux ↔ peripheral element
crux ↔ pettiness
daguerreotype n. � � � � �
cryptic adj. � � � : MYSTERIOUS
dally vi. � � � �
cipher : cryptic :: précis : concise
: to act playfully
cryptic : perplex :: ??
dally : playfull :: ??
cryptic ↔ self explanatory

damp n/a/v. � � /� � � /� � � � � :
cuisine n. � �
MOISTURE,HUMIDITY, DAMPNESS
connoisseur : art :: gourmet : cuisine
tint : suffuse :: damp : quench
damp ↔ amplify
culpable adj. � � � � � � � sere ↔ lush/damp
: meriting condemnation or blame especially as wrong or
harmful
dander n. � : ANGER
exemplary : imitation :: culpable : blame
culpable ↔ innocent
dandy n. � � �
miser : hoard :: dandy : preen
cultivate v. � � � � : ENCOURAGE
/sycophant : fawn /pundit : opine
cultivate ↔ impede

dank adj. � � �
cultivated adj. � � � � /� � � : REFINED, EDUCATED
dank : moisture :: ??
feral ↔ cultivated

dapper adj. � � � : NATTY

cumbersome adj. (� � � � )� � � � �
: neat and trim in appearance
: unwieldy because of heaviness and bulk
dapper : fastidious :: ??
cumbersome ↔ easy to handle/handy/wieldy
dapper/natty↔ frowzy/slovenly
unkempt/slovenly ↔ dapper
dappled adj. � � � � �
striated : groove :: mottled/dappled : spot
daredevil adj/n. � � � � � � /� � � �
: a recklessly bold person
prudence : daredevil :: sagacity : simpleton
daredevil : foolhardiness :: malcontent : dissatisfaction
dart v. � � � � � � �
: to move suddenly or rapidly fall
descend : plummet :: move : dart
daunt v. � � � � : COW, SUBDUE
: to lessen the courage of
dauntless : trepidation :: footloose : attachment
dauntless : intimidate :: irrepressible� restrain
cowed ↔ undaunted
daunt ↔ embolden/make resolute
daunting ↔ meek
dauntless ↔ craven/easily discouraged/pusillanimous
dawdle v. � � � � /� � � � �
hie ↔ dawdle
deactivate vt. � � � � � � /�
: to make inactive or ineffective
deactivate ↔ potentiate
deaden vt. � � � � � � � : BLUNT
tonic : invigorate :: analgesic : deaden
deadpan adj. � � � � � �
impudence : brazen :: deadpan : impassive
dearth n. � � /� � : LACK
plethora ↔ dearth
spate ↔ dearth
debase v. (� � ,� � )� � � � �
debase : value :: attenuate : force
enervation : vitality :: debasement : value
debase ↔ ennoble
debilitate vt. � � � � � : ENFEEBLE
: to impair the strength of
attenuate : thickness :: debilitate : strength
debilitate ↔ invigorate/fortify
debris n. � � � �
debris : destroy :: ash : burn
debunk v. (� � )� � � � � � �
debunk ↔ affirm/perpetuate to sham
debunk ↔ unexposure
debunk ↔ shroud
debut n. � �
debut ↔ farewell performance
debut : career :: embark : journey
decadence n. � � /� �
decadence ↔ wholesomeness
decant vt. (� � � ) � � � � � �
subterfuge : deceive :: decantation : pour
decentralize v. (� � � � � � )� � � � �
decibel n. � � �
decibel : sound :: volt : electricity
/watt : power /lumen : light
decipher vt. � � � � �
legible : decipher :: ??
decipher : hieroglyph :: separate : component
decode vt. � � � � �
tacit : infer :: encoded : decode(#)
decorum n. � � � /� � � �
: propriety and good taste in conduct or appearance
miscalculation : judgment :: gaffe : decorum
decorum ↔ impropriety
mangy ↔ sleek
decrepit adj. � � � /� � �
: wasted and weakened by or as if by the infirmities of old
age
decrepit ↔ vigorous
dedication n. � � /� �
: a devoting or setting aside for a particular purpose
bigot : dedication :: rage : anger(>)
zeal : dedication :: mesmerism : interest(>)
dabble ↔ dedicate/devote
default v. � � � � � � �
: a failure to pay financial debts
default : pay :: yield : resist(#)
� � � � � defer v. � � � � /� � �
: to submit to another's wishes, opinion, or governance
usually through deference or respect
defer : leader :: admire : hero
deferential : offend :: scornful : respect
intransigent : acquiesce :: deferential : offend
frugal : penurious :: deferential : obsequious (<)
impudent ↔ deferential/respectful
deferential ↔ contemptible
deferential ↔ imperious
deficiency n. � � /� � : SHORTAGE
: an amount that is lacking or inadequate
surfeit ↔ deficiency
defile v/n. � � � � /� � �
: a narrow passage or gorge
precipice : steepness :: defile : narrowness
defoliant n. � � �
: a chemical spray or dust applied to plants in order to
cause the leaves to drop off prematurely
defoliant : tree :: insecticide : insect
defraud vt. � � � � � �
: to deprive of something by deception or fraud
deft adj. � � � � � /� � � �
craven : admirable :: deft : awkward(#)
maladroit : deft :: voluble : terse(#)
deft ↔ maladroit
deft ↔ clumsy
defuse vt. (� � ) � � � � � �
: to make less harmful, potent, or tense
defuse ↔ foment
defy vt. (� � � � � ) � � � � : DARE
: to challenge to do something considered impossible
: to confront with assured power of resistance
acquiesce ↔ defy
defy ↔ not challenge/obey
dehydrate vt. � � � � � /� � � �
abraded : friction :: desiccated : dehydration
dehydrate : water :: wither : vitality
dehydrate : water :: fade : brightness
fatigue : rest/repose :: dehydration : water
descent : altitude :: dehydrate : moisture
dehydration : moisture :: desertification : vegetation
dehydrate : moisture :: attenuate :power demystify vt. � � � � � � � � /� � � �
reconstitute ↔ dehydrate
den n. �
deification n. � � �
deification ↔ debasement
deify ↔ speak with contempt
denigrate vt. � � � /� � � � : DEFAME
denigrate ↔ honor

deject vt. � � � � �
denouement n. � � �
mollify : anger :: heart : dejection
: the final outcome of the main dramatic complication in a
dejected : embarrassment :: ??
literary work
dejected ↔ exultant
joke : punch line :: plot : denouement
deject ↔ gladden

denounce v. � � � �
deleterious adj. � � � /� � �
admonish : denounce :: punish : pillory(<)
wholesome ↔ deleterious
admonish : denounce :: persuade : convince
deleterious ↔ salutary/salubrious
castigation : reproof :: denunciation : denial
deleterious ↔ beneficial
castigation : reproof :: glorification : merit
condone ↔ denounce
deliberate adj. � � �
apophasis : claim :: caprice : deliberate
denude v. � � � � �
hasty ↔ characterized by deliberation
denude ↔ cover
hasty ↔ deliberate
impetuous ↔ deliberate
denunciation n. � 0 /� � � � � �
castigation : reproof :: denunciation : denial (>)
delicacy n. � � /� � � : FINENESS
ingenuous : guile :: delicacy : offense
delicacy ↔ crudity depart vi. � � � : LEAVE
husky ↔ delicate abscond : depart :: pilfer : take
abscond : depart :: lurk : wait
abscond : depart :: purloin : appropriate
delinquent adj. � � �

delirium n. � � � � � /� �
depict vt. � � /� � � �
: a mental disturbance characterized by confusion,
disordered speech, and hallucinations deplete vt. � � � � �
coma : unconsciousness :: delirium : confusion enrich ↔ deplete

delude vt. � � � /� � � � : DECEIVE, TRICK deplore vt. � � � � � /� � � � � � � �

delusion : thought :: hallucination : perception : to feel or express grief for ; to regret strongly
transparent ↔ delusive : to consider unfortunate or deserving of deprecation
deplore ↔ laud/rejoice
deplore ↔ express accolade/extol
deluge n. � � �
rain : deluge :: wind : hurricane
droplet : deluge :: pebble : landslide deploy v. � � � � /� � � �
deluge ↔ drizzle deploy ↔ concentrate

delve v. � � � � � � deportation n. � � � �
: to make a careful or detailed search for information deportation : country :: eviction : dwelling
quaff : sip :: delve : skim
scrutinize :: gloss :: delve : skim depose vt. � � � �
: to testify to under oath or by affidavit
demagogue n. � � � perjure ↔ depose
demagogue : instruct :: ??
deposit n. � � �
demise n. � � : DIE, DECEASE deposit ↔ process of eroding

demography n. � � � depravity n. � � /� �
demography : population :: meteorology : weather doldrums : energy :: depravity : virtue

demolition n. � � deprecate vt. � � � � /� � � : BELITTLE, DISPARAGE

recycle : disposal :: rehabilitate : demolition depreciation : value :: ossification : flexibility
deprecate ↔ extol
vaunt ↔ deprecate
demoralize vt. � � � � /� � � � � : DISCOURAGE,
DISPIRIT
depreciate v. � � � � � � � �
: to weaken the morale of fawn : hauteur :: self-depreciate : swagger
dispirit : morale :: enervate : strength
imperious : fawn :: swagger : self-depreciate
demoralize ↔ invigorate
imperiousness : fawn :: self-depreciatory : swagger

demotic adj. � � �
depress vt. � � � � /� � � �
: of or relating to the common people
depressant : mood :: ??
demotic ↔ profound
protuberant ↔ depressed

demur v. � � � � /� � � � � � �
deprivation n. � � /� �
: to voice opposition
deprivation ↔ surfeit
demur : qualms :: waver : irresoluteness
demur ↔ accept
deracinate vt. � � � � � : UPROOT
deracinate ↔ plant detract v. � � � �
: to diminish the importance, value, or effectiveness of
derelict n/adj. � � � /� � � : VAGRANT, BUM something
derelict ↔ pillar of society extol ↔ condemn/impugn/detract
stickler : derelict :: poseur : unaffected
detritus n. � � : DEBRIS
deride vt. � � � � debris : destroy :: ash : burn
patronize : condescension :: deride : mockery detritus ↔ valuable mass
apologize : regret :: gibe : derision
pontificate : pompous :: scoff : derisive detour v. � � � �
/drawl : slow /bluster : loud /prate : aimless detour : path :: ??
smirk : smugness :: sneer : derision
ridicule : derision :: ??
deviation n. � �
deride ↔ praise
veneration ↔ derision
devise vt. � � � � : INVENT
derivative adj. � � � /� � � : BANAL
precursory ↔ derivative/sequela devoted adj. � � � � /� � �
devoted : zealous :: careful : fastidious
fanatic : devoted :: prude : proper
derogatory adj. � � � : DISPARAGING
elegiac : sorrow :: devotional : reverence
dabble ↔ dedicate/devote
descendant n. � �
forbears ↔ descendants
devout adj. � � �
religion : devoutness :: canon : orthodoxy
desecrate vt. � � � � � � : PROFANE impiety ↔ devoutness
: to treat disrespectfully, irreverently, or outrageously
desecrate ↔ sanctify/revere
dexterous adj. � � � � /� � � : CLEVER
dexterous : manipulate :: prescient : predict
desert vt. � � � dexterous : manipulate :: clairvoyant : oversee
dexterous : awkward :: ??
desiccate vt. � � � � � : DEHYDRATE
abraded : friction :: desiccated : dehydration diabolic adj. � � � � : DEVILISH
caustic : eat away :: desiccant : dry diabolization ↔ benediction
desiccate : moisture :: detoxify : poison diabolic ↔ seraphic
desiccation : moisture :: deceleration : velocity
cleanse : dirt :: desiccant : moisture
diagnose v. � � � �
/respite� labor /offbeat : bathetic
: to recognize (as a disease) by signs and symptoms
diagnose : treat :: proofread : correct
designate v. ~� � � �
: to call by a distinctive title, term, or expression
diaphanous adj. � � � � � � /� � � � � � � � :
foreword : introductory :: appellation : designate
INSUBSTANTIAL, VAGUE
diaphanous ↔ opaque
despair n. � � diaphanous ↔ substantial
abandon : inhibition :: despair : hope
diatribe n. � �
despicable adj. � � � � � diatribe : abuse :: burlesque : mockery
: deserving to be despised lullaby : song :: diatribe : discourse
redoubtable : regard/awe :: despicable : scorn/contempt/ declamation� grandiloquence :: diatribe� abuse
disregard
venerable : reverence :: despicable : scorn
didactic adj. � � � �
despicable : value :: mulish : flexible
didactic : teach :: hortatory/exhortative : urge
didactic : teach :: fantastic : amaze
despondent adj. � � � � /� � �
despondent : depressed :: saturnine : gloomy(=)
diehard n. � � � � � � �
despondent : depressed :: expert : skilled
: one who strongly resist change
elated ↔ despondent
palter : candor :: budge : diehard
sanguine ↔ despondent

diffident adj. � � � � /� � �
dessert n. � � �
diffident ↔ brassy
dessert : meal :: epilogue : play
expansive ↔ reserved/diffident
/coda : sonata

digit n. � (� )� � /� � � � � �
detach vt. � � � �
fang : tooth :: finger : digit
tether ↔ detach

detain v. � � � � � dignity n. � � /� � � �
detain ↔ manumit
digress v. � � � � � � � �
digress : excursive :: reiterate : redundant
deter vt. � � � � � /� � � �
digressive : topic/subject :: stray : group
: to turn aside, discourage, or prevent from acting
stray : group :: digress : subject
intrepid : deter :: rapt : distract
inducement ↔ deterrence
deter ↔ spur dilapidate v. � � � � �

detestable adj. � � � � � : ABOMINABLE dilate vt. � � � � � : DISTEND, WIDEN

dilate ↔ contract : to put into a state of perplexity and embarrassment
discomfit ↔ mollify
dilatory adj. � � � � � : TARDY
dilatory : procrastinate :: malcontent : complain discommode v. � � � � � � : TROUBLE, DISOBLIGE
alacrity ↔ dilatoriness/hesitance : to cause inconvenience to
precipitate ↔ retard/dilatory discommode ↔ oblige/assist
discommode ↔ pacificate/ease/mollify
dilettante n. � � � � : DABBLER
dilettante : commitment :: nonentity : consequence discompose vt. � � � � � �
dilettante : superficiality :: partisan : bias discompose : pacific :: fabricate : authentic
discompose : pacific :: engage� odious
diligent adj. � � � : PAINSTAKING discompose : pacific :: engage : tedious
procrastination ↔ diligence disturbing : composure :: tedious : energy
discompose : placid :: fabricate : ingenuous(#)
dilute v. � � � � �
slacken : tautness :: dilute : strength/concentration discord n. � � � /� � � �
harmony ↔ discord
din n. � �
stench : nose :: din : ear discourse n. � �
lullaby : song :: diatribe : discourse
dingus n. � � � : DOODAD
discrepancy n. � � /� � �
discrepancy ↔ convergence
dingy adj. � � � /� � � : DIRTY, DISCOLORED
dingy : glisten :: slippery : adhere
discretion n. � � /� �
: the quality of being discreet
diocesan adj. � � � /� � � foolish : discretion :: impecunious : money
diocesan ↔ ecumenical
overdose : prescription :: indiscretion : convention

dire adj. � � � � � /� � � : DISMAL, OPPRESSIVE

discretionary adj. � � � /� � � � �
dire ↔ pleasant
: exercised at one's own discretion
discretionary ↔ obligatory
dirge n. � � � discretionary ↔ mandatory
discretionary ↔ preordained
disabuse v. � � � � � � � � � � � �
disabuse : fallacy :: cure : disease discriminate v. � � � �
loose : confinement :: disabuse : misconception epicure : discriminating :: spectator : watching
mislead ↔ disabuse liken : similarity :: discriminate : difference
sentinel : watchful :: epicure : discriminating
disaffected adj. � � � � � : REBELLIOUS equitable ↔ discriminatory/unfair
disaffected : contentment :: dubious : conviction
officious : meddle :: disaffected : rebel discursive adj. � � � /� � � � : RAMBLING
disaffect ↔ win over/mollify : moving from topic to topic without order
disaffected ↔ contented discursive ↔ keen on title
discursive ↔ succinct
disaggregate vt. � � � �
disaggregate ↔ join together disdain n. � � : SCORN
coalesce ↔ disaggregate snub : disdain :: double-cross : disloyalty
adulation ↔ disdain
disagreeable adj. � � � : UNPLEASANT, OFFENSIVE
disagreeable : hateful :: harmful : lethal(<) disembark vt/vi. � � � �
disembark : ship :: dismount : horse
disarm vi. � � � � � � � /� � � � � � debark : ship :: unload : truck
bait ↔ disarm
disengage vt. � � � � �
disavow vt. � � � � : REPUDIATE disengage ↔ mesh
: to deny responsibility for ; to refuse to acknowledge :
disavow ↔ affirm disgorge v. � � � � : VOMIT
disgorge ↔ swallow
discard vt. � � � /� � � �
retain ↔ discard disgruntle vt. � � � � � � /� � � � �
: to make ill-humored or discontented -- usually used as a
discerning adj. � � � � � : DISCRIMINATING participial adjective
: showing insight and understanding disgruntle ↔ refresh
palatable : savory :: discerning : manifest(=) disgruntled ↔ contented
myopic ↔ discerning
disguise n/vi. � � � � /� � � �
discharge vt. � � � � padding : damage :: disguise : recognition
discharge ↔ hire disguise : alter :: cloak : warm

disclaim v. � � � � disgust n/v. � � � � � : REPUGNANCE

blatant : arresting :: odious : disgusting
discography n. (� � ·� � � ·� � � � � )� � � � odious : disgust :: menacing : fear
list : discography :: tool : hoe scowl : displeasure :: kiss : affection
/hurl : disgust
entrancing ↔ disappoint/disgust/repel/repulse/bore
discomfit v. � � � � � � : DISCONCERT
dishevel vt. � � � � � � dissent v. � � � � � � �
: to throw into disorder or disarray dissenter : orthodox :: maverick : group

dissertation n. � � � �
disinclination n. � � /� � � � � �
aversion : disinclination :: adulation : admiration(>) dissipate v. � � � � /� � � �
aversion : inclination :: ?? husbandry : dissipate :: alacrity : procrastinate(#)
leening ↔ disinclination accumulation ↔ dissipation
dissipate ↔ accumulate
disinfect vt. � � � � /� � � � dissipate ↔ gather
oil : lubricate :: antiseptic : disinfect amass ↔ dissipate

disinterested adj. � � � � /� � � : UNBIASED dissociate v. � � � � �

factional ↔ disinterested : to separate from association or union with another
iniquity ↔ disinterestedness affiliation ↔ dissociation

disjunctive adj. � � � � dissolute adj. � � �

nominal : significance :: disjunctive : unity libertine : dissolute :: sycophant : obsequious
ludicrous : buffoon :: dissolute : libertine
/humorous : wag
dismantle vt. � � � �
voluble : speech :: licentious : dissoluteness
dismantle : wholeness :: ??

dissolve v. � � � �
dismiss vt. � � � �
clot : dissolved :: crowd : dispersed
dismiss ↔ sanction
coagulant : thicken :: solvent : dissolve

disparage v. � � � /� � � � : DECRY
dissonance n. � � �
: to depreciate by indirect means (as invidious
dissonance ↔ concord
comparison) : speak slightingly about
scorn : reject :: adulate : flatter
/disparage : ignore dissuade vt. � � � � �
epithet : disparage :: alias : mislead : to advise (a person) against something
aggrandize ↔ disparage : to turn from something by persuasion
champion ↔ disparage remonstrance : dissuade :: reprehensibility : censure
extol ↔ disparage remonstrator : dissuade :: applicant : appeal
dissuade ↔ abet
dissuade ↔ enhance
disparate adj. � � � � � � �
: containing or made up of fundamentally different and
often incongruous elements distillation n. � �
disparate ↔ similar/analogous synopsis : conciseness :: distillate : purity
distill : purity :: leaven : volume
dispassionate adj. � � � /� � � � � � � � �
: not influenced by strong feeling ; not affected by distinction n. � � /� �
personal or emotional involvement nuance : distinction :: hint : suggestion
dispassionate ↔ partial/responsive nebulous ↔ distinct
repute ↔ lack of distinction
dispatch n/v. � � /� � � �
dispatch ↔ leisureliness distinguished adj. � � �
eminent ↔ undistinguished
disposal n. � �
recycle : disposal :: rehabilitate : demolition distort vt. � � � �
brevity : aphorism :: distortion : caricature
disquiet v. � � � � � � � : DISTURB, ALARM
disquiet ↔ put at ease distract vt. � � � � � �
intrepid : deter :: rapt : distract
rapt ↔ distracted
disrupt vt. � � � � �
saboteur : disrupt :: apologist : defend
distraught adj. � � � � � /� � � � �
: agitated with doubt or mental conflict
dissect v. � � � �
troubled : distraught :: covetous : rapacious(<)
specimen : dissect :: sentence : parse
distraught ↔ composed

dissemble v. � � � � /� � � : SIMULATE
ditch n. � �
: to hide under a false appearance ; to put on the
ditch : canyon :: burrow : cavern
appearance of
dissemble : honesty :: snub : politeness
dissemble : information :: masquerade : feeling ditty n. � � � � �
ingenuous : dissemble :: raffish : preen fable : tale :: ditty : song
/polite : snub
diurnal adj. � � �
disseminate vt. � � � � diurnal ↔ nocturnal
disseminate : information :: foment : discontentment
disseminate ↔ garner diverge vi. � � � � /� � � �
: to move or extend in different directions from a common
dissension n. � � � � � point
concord ↔ dissension : to turn aside from a path or course
ad-lib : impromptu :: aside : divergent
diverge : apart :: traverse : across dour : geniality :: bumptious : humbleness(#)
diverge : apart :: involve : among dour : tractable :: bumptious : humbleness(#)
confluence ↔ divergence dour ↔ congenial/genial

divert vt. � � � � � � : DEFLECT downpour n. � � � � �

divert : shunt :: retard : brake downpour : flooding :: wind : erosion

divestiture n. � � doyen n. � � �
divestiture ↔ acquisition eccentric : conventional :: doyen : uninitiated

divulge vt. � � � � draconian adj. � � � /� � � : CRUEL, SEVERE

divulge ↔ keep secret draconian : inclemency :: fretful : vexation
palmy : prosperity :: draconian : severity
doctrine n. � � /� � : DOGMA draconian ↔ indulgent/mild
doctrine : heretical :: course : errant
doctrine : heterodox :: course : errant drawl v. � � � � � �
inch : move :: drawl : speak
dodder vi. � � � � � pontificate : pompous :: scoff : derisive
: to progress feebly and unsteadily /drawl : slow /bluster : loud /prate : aimless
dodder : unsteady :: cavort : sprightly
drawdrel v. ( � � ,� � ,� � )� � �
doff vt. � � drawdrel : penchant :: ??
doff ↔ don
dreary adj. � � � : GLOOMY, DISMAL
dogged adj. � � � /� � � jocund ↔ dreary
: marked by stubborn determination
dogged ↔ yielded drivel vi. � � � � � � � � �
dogged ↔ easily discouraged nonsensical : drivel :: pompous : bombast

doggerel n. � � drizzle n. � � �
doggerel : verse :: burlesque : play deluge ↔ drizzle
doggerel : poem :: sketch : drawing
droll adj. � � � � �
doggo adv. � � � : having a humorous, whimsical, or odd quality
: in hiding grisly : flinch :: droll : laugh
doggo : instability :: ?? droll ↔ grave

dogma n. � � /� � droplet n. � � � � �
dogma ↔ heresy droplet : deluge :: pebble : landslide

doldrums n. � � � � � � /� � drudgery n. � �
doldrums : energy :: depravity : virtue drudgery ↔ rewarding work

dolorous adj. � � � dryad n. � � ·� � � � : WOOD NYMPH

: causing, marked by, or expressing misery or grief
dolorous ↔ jubilant dubious adj. � � � �
disaffected : contentment :: dubious : conviction
dolt n. � � � dubious ↔ certain
wag : humorous :: dolt : stupid
dulcet adj. � � � �
domination n. � � cacophonous ↔ dulcet/euphonious
gullible : chicanery :: servile : domination off-key ↔ dulcet
impervious : damaged :: indomitable : subdued
inexorable : dissuasion :: indomitable : conquest dull adj. � � /� � �
tarnish : dull :: vitrify : smooth
domineering adj. � � � brilliance ↔ dullness
perspicuous ↔ dull
don vt. � � /� � � � � resplendent ↔ dull
doff ↔ don trenchant ↔ vague/dull

donor n. � � � dullard n. � � �
legacy : predecessor :: gift : donor
dupe n. � � � � : FOOL
doodle v. � � � � � � � � � � � � reverent : idolater :: trusting : dupe
draw : doodle :: travel : ramble
walk : amble :: draw : doodle dwelling n. � �
deportation : country :: eviction : dwelling
dose n/v. 1� � � � /� � � � � potable : beverage :: habitable : dwelling
dose : medicine :: ration : food
dose : medicine :: sentence : punishment dynamo n. � � �
dynamo : retard :: ??
dour adj. � � /� � � /� � � : STERN, HARSH
: harshly uninviting or formidable in manner or dyspeptic adj. � � � � : INDIGESTION
appearance genial ↔ dyspeptic
: stubbornly unyielding
E effluvium n. � � �
effluvia ↔ desired products

eaglet n. � � � � � effulgent adj. � � � : BRILLIANT

eaglet : bird :: fawn : mammal bootless : futility :: effulgent : resplendence(=)

earnest adj. � � � effusive adj. � � � � � � � � /� � � �

facetious ↔ earnest : characterized or formed by a nonexplosive outpouring of
lava
gush : effusive :: rage : irate
earplug n. � � �
emotion : effusive :: liberty : licentious
earplug : noise :: shield : impact
/manner : grandiose
effusive ↔ reticent/listless
earshot n. � � � �
earshot : hear :: ken : see
egocentric adj. � � � � �
altruism ↔ egocentrism
earsplitting adj. � � � � � � � �
: distressingly loud or shrill
elaborate adj/v. � � � /� � � � � � �
earsplitting : voice :: ??
: marked by complexity, fullness of detail, or ornateness
: to expand something in detail
ebullience n. � � � � � : EXUBERANCE fawn : imperiousness :: equivocate : directness
: the quality of lively or enthusiastic expression of /elaborate : sketchy
thoughts or feelings abstract ↔ elaborate
ebullience ↔ impassiveness/lifelessness
ebullience ↔ torpor
elastic adj. � � � � : FLEXIBLE
ebullient ↔ torpid
ephemeral : endure :: inelastic : stretch
elastic : expand :: viable : live
eccentric n. � �
: an eccentric person
elated adj. � � � � � : EXULTANT
: marked by high spirits
hero : admirable :: eccentric : unconventional elated ↔ despondent
eccentric : conventional :: doyen : uninitiated elation ↔ dejection
elate ↔ depress
echelon n. � � � � hangdog ↔ elated
: one of a series of levels or grades in an organization or
field of activity eleemosynary adj. � � �
echelon : hierarchy :: ?? philanthropist : eleemosynary :: ??

eclat n. � � � elegant adj. � � � � : SPLENDID

: brilliant or conspicuous success insolent ↔ polite elegant
éclat ↔ fiasco
elegy n. � �
eclectic adj. � � � � � : a song or poem expressing sorrow or lamentation
: selecting what appears to be best in various doctrines, especially for one who is dead
methods, or styles satire : ridicule :: elegy : sorrow
elegiac : sorrow :: devotional : reverence
eclipse n. � � � � �
: a falling into obscurity or decline elephantine adj. � � � : MASSIVE
eclipse : prestige :: enervation : vigor microscopic ↔ elephantine

ecumenical adj. � � � � � � � /� � � � elevate vt. � � � � � : EXALT

: worldwide or general in extent, influence, or application debasement ↔ elevation
ecumenical : generality :: entire : integrity
diocesan/parochial ↔ ecumenical
elicit vt. � � � � �
provincial/insular ↔ ecumenical
evoke ↔ fail to elicit

edifice n. � � � �
elitism n. � � � � �
tower : edifice :: rampart : barrier
buttress : edifice :: splint : limb
ellipsis n. � �
apostrophes : word :: ellipsis : sentence
efface v. � � � � � � � �
: to make (oneself) modestly or shyly inconspicuous
alliterate : remove :: blazon : efface(#) elliptical adj. � � � � �
blazon ↔ efface : of or relating to deliberate obscurity (as of literary or
efface ↔ aggrandize conversational style)
efface ↔ bring to prominent elliptical ↔ palpable
efface ↔ emboss
elongate v. � � � �
effervesce vi. � � � � /� � � � � elongate ↔ shorten/truncate
: to show liveliness or exhilaration
effervescence : feeling :: fury : anger elucidate v. � � � � � � � �
effervesce ↔ be flat : to give a clarifying explanation
effervescent ↔ still/droop garble ↔ elucidate
obfuscate ↔ elucidate/illuminate/explain clearly
effete adj. � � � �
effete ↔ hale emanate vi. � � � �
: to come out from a source stockade : enclosure :: pillar : support

emancipate v. � � � � encomium n. � �
emancipate ↔ shackle encomiast : eulogize :: quibbler : cavil
emancipattion ↔ bondage encomium ↔ harsh criticism

embargo n. � � � � encompass v. � � � � : ENCLOSE

: a legal prohibition on commerce encompass ↔ exclude
embargo : commerce :: quarantine : contact
encounter n. � �
embark vi. � � � � circumlocution ↔ direct encounter
: to make a start
conclude ↔ embark on encumbrance n. � � � : IMPEDIMENT
debut : career :: embarkment : journey
encyclopedia n. � � � �
embarrass vt. � � � � � � � encyclopedia : compendious :: ??
catastrophe : mishap :: humiliation : embarrassment(>)
embarrass : shame :: console : comfort
endorse vt. � � � � /� � � �
unabashed : embarrassment :: unheralded :
: to approve openly especially :to express support or
announcement
approval of publicly and definitely
disembarrassment : engagement :: ??
rider : bill :: endorsement : policy
endow : income :: endorse : approval
embed vt. � � � � � � endorse ↔ oppose publicly
: to enclose closely in or as if in a matrix impugn ↔ endorse
embed ↔ extract
waffle : enunciate :: embed : disinter(#)
enduring adj. � � � � : LASTING, DURABLE
ephemeral : endure :: inelastic : stretch
embolden v. � � � � � ephemeral : enduring :: inanimate : living
appall ↔ embolden/nerve transitory : endure :: immutable : change
embolden ↔ abash/faze/cow transitory ↔ enduring
boggle ↔ embolden
embolden ↔ daunt
enervate vt. � � � � �
: to lessen the vitality or strength of
enervation : vitality :: debase : value
embrace n/v. � � /� � � � � : HUG curtail : period :: enervate : energy
: a close encircling with the arms and pressure to the eclipse : prestige :: enervation/enfeeble : vigor
bosom especially as a sign of affection dispirit : morale :: enervate : strength
: to take up especially readily or gladly enervate ↔ invigorate
embrace : affection :: shrug : indifference enervate ↔ fortify/strengthen
abrogate ↔ embrace/institute/uphold
eschew ↔ embrace/greet/welcome enfeeble vt. � � � � �
abjure ↔ embrace/espouse : to make feeble:deprive of strength
ostracize ↔ include/embrace eclipse : prestige :: enervation/enfeeble : vigor
spurn ↔ court/crave/embrace enfeeble ↔ invigorate
tonic ↔ enfeebling
emigrate v. � � � �
repatriate : emigration :: repeal : ratification(#) enfranchise vt. � � � � � � /� � � �
: to set free (as from slavery)
eminence n. � � : to endow with a franchise
master/maven : experience :: luminary : eminence enfranchise : vote :: license : practice
eminent ↔ undistinguished enfranchise ↔ enfetter
enfranchise ↔ subjugate
emollient n. (� � )� � �
: something that softens or soothes engender vt. � � � � � : PRODUCE
emollient : soothe :: dynamo : generate quash ↔ engender
emollient : suppleness :: desiccant: dryness
engross vt. � � � � �
emphasis n. � � engrossed : absorbed :: intimate : close(=)
underscore : emphasis :: brand : ownership
enigmatic adj. � � � � � � /� � � � � : MYSTERIOUS
emulate vt. � � � � /� � � � � � � enigmatic : simplistic :: ??
: strive to equal or excel enigmatic ↔ broadly known
emulate : exemplary :: obviate : unnecessary enigmatic ↔ readily understandable
emulate : exemplar :: admire : paragon
enlighten vt. � � � �
enact vt. � � � � equivocation : coax :: explanation : enlighten
: to establish by legal and authoritative act;
specifically :to make (as a bill) into law ennoble vt. � � � � � � : ELEVATE
rescission ↔ enactment
ennui n. � � /� � � : BOREDOM
enamel n. � � � � � � � : a feeling of weariness and dissatisfaction
enamel : tooth :: bark : tree ennui : enthusiastic :: fervor : apathetic
skin/rind : apple :: bark : tree ennui : enthusiastic :: somnolence : alert
corn : husk :: orange : rind ennui ↔ energy/enthusiasm
ennui ↔ keen interest
enclosure n. � � � ennui ↔ exuberance
 terminus : stop :: epilogue : story
enslave vt. � � � � � : SUBJUGATE epilogue : prose:: finale : music
manumit ↔ enslave preface ↔ epilogue

ensuing adj. � � � � � � � epistemology n. � � �

: to take place afterward or as a result aesthetics : beauty :: epistemology : knowledge
anterior ↔ ensuing
epitomize vt. � � � �
entangle vt. � � � � � �
: to wrap or twist together equable adj. � � � �
disentangle ↔ snarl : marked by lack of noticeable, unpleasant, or extreme
variation or inequality
enthusiasm n. � � equable ↔ intemperate
ennui : enthusiastic :: fervent : apathetic(#)
enthusiasm : mania :: suspicion : paranoia equipoise n. � �
reverence : respect :: avidity : enthusiasm(>) equipoise : vacillate :: ??
ennui ↔ energy/enthusiasm
equity n. � � /� �
entice vt. � � /� � � � : TEMPT illiteracy : education :: inequity : redistribution
: to attract artfully or adroitly or by arousing hope or equitable ↔ discriminatory/unfair
desire
command : entreaty :: goad : enticement(>) equivocal adj. � � �
enticing : tempt :: affectionate : love : subject to two or more interpretations and usually used
formidable ↔ enticing to mislead or confuse
equivocation : clarity :: prevarication : truth
entrance vt. � � � � � � equivocation : coax :: explanation : enlighten
: to carry away with delight, wonder, or rapture equivocation : misleading :: bromide : hackneyed
entrancing ↔ disappoint/disgust/repel/repulse/bore equivocation : truth :: euphemism : offense
unprepossessing ↔ entrancing/winsome equivocation : truth :: obfuscation : clarity
equivocation : truth :: delicacy : offence
entrap vt. � � � � � � � equivocation : ambiguous :: oxymoron : incongruous
: to catch in or as if in a trap equivocate : commitment :: procrastinate : action
vigilant : entrapped :: exacting : satisfied equivocation : ambiguous :: platitude : banal
fawn : imperiousness :: equivocate : directness
grandstand : impress :: equivocate : deceive
entreaty n. � � /� � : PLEA
waffle ↔ speak unequivocally
command : entreaty :: goad : enticement
euivocate ↔ communicate straightfowardly
protest : dissuade :: supplicate : entreat
equivocation ↔ clarity
entry n. � � � �
erect adj/vt. � � � � /� � �
: a descriptive record (as in a card catalog or an index)
suspend ↔ erect
journal : entries :: run : performance
prostrate ↔ erect
slouch ↔ stand erect
enumerate vt. � � � � : LIST
erode v. � � � �
enunciate v. � � � � � � : ARTICULATE accrete : growth :: erode : destruction
enunciate ↔ mumble downpour : flooding :: wind : erosion
waffle : enunciate :: embed : disinter(#) gully : erosion :: callus : friction
singe : incineration :: erode : destruction
envision vt. � � � � deposit ↔ process of eroding

ephemeral adj. � � � errant adj. � � � /� � � �

convoluted : complexity :: ephemeral : transience
ephemeral : endure :: inelastic : stretch
ephemeral : transience :: permanent : perpetually(=)
repellent : attract :: ephemeral : endure(#)
ephemeral : longevity :: grandiose : humility(#)
ephemeral ↔ permanent/perpetual
: deviating from a standard (as of truth or propriety)
amorphous : shape :: errant : course
doctrine : heretical :: course : errant
erratic adj. � � � � /� � � : WANDERING
heroic : craven :: erratic : permanent

epic adj. � � � /� � � � erudite adj. � � � :LEARNED

: heroic and impressive in quality
epic ↔ modest
epicure n. � � �
epicure : discriminating :: spectator : watching
sentinel : watchful :: epicure : discriminating
: possessing or displaying erudition
erudite : fathom :: oblivious : neglect
prescience : future :: erudition : esoterica
outspoken : saucy :: erudite : pedantic
erudite ↔ smattering of knowledge/ignorant/unlettered
erudite ↔ ignorant/unlettered

epigram n. � � escalate v. � � � � � � � � �
: a concise poem dealing pointedly and often satirically escalate ↔ diminish
with a single thought or event and often ending with an
ingenious turn of thought eschew v. (� � � � )� � � : SHUN
exaggeration : caricature :: brevity : epigram eschew ↔ embrace, greet , welcome
paradox : contradictory :: epigram : wise
esoteric adj. � � � /� � �
epilogue n. � � : CODA : designed for or understood by the specially initiated
dessert : meal :: epilogue : play alone
/coda : sonata esoteric ↔ common accepted
esoteric ↔ generally known : to put (a tenant) out by legal process
deportation : country :: eviction : dwelling
espouse vt. � � � � /� � � � evict : residence :: banish : country
abjure ↔ embrace/espouse harbor ↔ evict

ecstatic adj. � � � � � � evoke vt. � � � � � �

: of relating to, or marked by ecstasy evoke ↔ fail to elicit
ecstatic ↔ preserved
exacerbate vt. � � � �
esteem n. � � /� � palliate/mitigate ↔ exacerbate
esteem : idolatry :: favor : bribe
stigma ↔ mark of esteem exacting adj. � � � � � �
odium ↔ esteem : tryingly or unremittingly severe in making demands
: requiring careful attention and precision
estimable adj. � � � � � vigilant : entrapped :: exacting : satisfied
estimable ↔ contemptible /wary : gulled

estrange vt. � � � � � : ALIENATE exaggerate v. � � � � : OVEREMPHASIZE

estrangement ↔ rapprochement anger : tirade :: exaggeration : hyperbole
exaggeration : caricature :: brevity : epigram
etch v. � � (� � ) malicious : ill will :: exaggerating : hyperbole
etch : corrosive :: glue : adhesive pithiness : aphorism :: exaggeration : caricature

ethereal adj. � � � /� � � : IMMATERIAL, INTANGIBLE exalt vt. (� � ,� � ) � � � /� � � � : GLORIFY

: lacking material substance : to elevate by praise or in estimation
ethereal ↔ material/ponderous exalt : satisfaction :: bore : weariness(=)
ponderous ↔ ethereal/gossamer/lively exaltation ↔ condemnation
ethereal ↔ worldly exalt ↔ pillory

ethics n. � � � exasperate vt. � � � � � : ENRAGE

logic : reasoning :: ethics : behavior : to excite the anger of

eulogize vt. � � � � : EXTOL exceptional adj. � � � �

encomiast : eulogize :: quibbler : cavil
panegyric : eulogize :: lampoon : satirize
eulogy : speak :: ??
eulogize ↔ pan
eulogy ↔ stricture
euphemism n. � � � �
: the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression
for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant
equivocation : truth :: euphemism : offense
/obfuscation : clarity
euphemism : offend :: invulnerability : injure
euphemism : offensive :: aphorism : diffuse
euphonious adj. � � � �
cacophonous ↔ dulcet/euphonious
prosaic ↔ exceptional/imaginary/exciting
excerpt n. � � � : EXTRACT
aside : digression :: summary : excerpt
exclaim v. (� � ,� � � � )� � �
: to express or utter (something) suddenly or vehemently
exclaim : utter :: flare : shine
excoriate v. � � � � � � �
: to censure scathingly
excoriate ↔ extol/praise lavishly
excrete vt. � � � � /� � � �
excrete ↔ ingest
stomach : ingest :: lung : respiration

euphoria n. � � � exculpate vt. � � � � �

: a feeling of well-being or elation exculpatory : absolve :: motivational : stir(=)
satisfaction : euphoria :: ?? hortative : encourage :: exculpatory : absolve(=)
alibi : exculpatory :: warning : admonitory(=)
evacuate v. � � � � /� � � � � exculpate ↔ inculpate
evacuate ↔ conquer
excursive adj. � � � � � � �
evade v. � � � � digress : excursive :: reiterate : redundant
: to avoid answering directly ; turn aside
evade : answer :: goldbrick : work execrate v. � � � � /� � � � : DENOUNCE
: to declare to be evil or detestable
evanescent adj. � � � /� � � execrable ↔ commendable/laudable
evanescent : permanence :: archaic : currency execration ↔ sanction
evanescent : disappear :: pliant : yield
evanescent : disappear :: transparent : penetrate execute vt. � � � �
evanescent : vanish :: consistent : perpetuate impossible : execute :: adamant : move
cacophonous ↔ dulcet/euphonious vagary : predict :: impossibility : execute
abiding ↔ evanescent
exemplary adj. � � � � � : COMMENDABLE
evasive adj. � � � � � : deserving imitation
emulate : exemplary :: obviate : unnecessary
everlasting adj. � � � � : ETERNAL exemplary : imitation :: culpable : blame
countless/innumerable/myriad/untold : number /redoubtable : regard
:: everlasting/interminable : duration
exempt v. � � � �
evict vt. � � � � � : EXPEL exempt : liability :: pardon : penalty
 : to lessen or to try to lessen the seriousness or extent of
exert vt. � � � /� � � � by making partial excuses
moderate : intensify :: extenuate : seriousness
buffer : impact :: extenuate : circumstance
exhaust vt. � � � � � /� � � � � � � : USE UP
infinite : exhaust :: discrete : overlap
exhaustive : careful :: mesmerized : interesting exterminate vt. � � � �

exhilarate vt. � � � � � � � � extinct adj. � � �

exhilarate ↔ sadden extant ↔ extinct
extinct ↔ resuscitated
extinction ↔ perpetuation
exhortation n. � � � � �
exhortation : motivate :: invective : discredit
exhortation : motivate :: persiflage : incite extinguish vt. � � : QUENCH
exhortative : urge :: didactic : teach extinguish ↔ kindle
/risible : ridicule ignite ↔ extinguish
exhortative : motivation :: grating : irksomeness
extol v. � � � � : GLORIFY
exodus vt. � � � :EMIGRATION deprecate ↔ extol
exodus ↔ influx excoriate ↔ extol/praise lavishly
extol ↔ censure/dispise/vilify
extol ↔ disparage
exonerate v. � � � � � � � �
extol ↔ condemn/impugn/detract
exonerate : blame :: disentangle : snarl
extol ↔ malign
exonerate ↔ censure
exonerate ↔ inculpate
incrimination ↔ exoneration extort vt. � � � � � � � : WRING
: to obtain from a person by force, intimidation, or undue
or illegal power
exorbitant adj. � � � /� � � � �
sycophant : flattery :: extortionist : intimidation
: exceeding in intensity, quality, amount, or size the
extort : obtain :: ??
customary or appropriate limits
exorbitant : moderation :: perfidious : loyalty
extraneous adj. � � � � /� � � � /� � � � � � �
apposite ↔ extraneous
exotic adj. � � � � /� � � � � � � � � �
extraneous ↔ essential
: from another part of the world
extraneous ↔ intuitive
: strikingly, excitingly, or mysteriously different or unusual
exotic ↔ indigenous
extravagant adj. � � � � /� � � � �
frugality ↔ extravagancy
expansive adj. � � � � : OPEN
extravagant ↔ parsimonious
: characterized by high spirits, generosity, or readiness to
talk
expansive ↔ reserved/diffident extricate v. ( � � )� � � � � �
expansive ↔ malicious : to free or remove from an entanglement or difficulty
expansive ↔ taciturn/withdrawn/limited
extrovert n. � � � � � �
expedite vt. � � � � � extrovert : outgoing :: perfectionist :: exacting
expedite : process :: accelerate : pace
expedite ↔ retard exuberant adj. � � � /� � � � �
: joyously unrestrained and enthusiastic
expedition n. � � : SPEED : produced in extreme abundance
expedition ↔ foot dragging ennui ↔ exuberance
soaked/drenched : wet/damp :: exuberant : happy(>)
explicate v. � � � � � � � �
: to give a detailed explanation of ; analyze logically exude v. � � � � �
exude ↔ absorb
explicit adj. � � � /� � � �
: fully revealed or expressed without vagueness, exultant adj. � � � � � � : JUBILANT
implication, or ambiguity exult : satisfaction :: crave : longing
explicit ↔ obscure abject ↔ exultant
immanent ↔ explicit dejected ↔ exultant

exponent n. � � �
: one that champions, practices, or exemplifies F

exponent : advocate :: pollster : canvass

fable n. � �
expurgate v. (� � � � )� � � � fable : tale :: ditty : song
vendor : purvey :: censor : expurgate
fabricate vt. � � � �
extant adj. � � � � : to make up for the purpose of deception
extant ↔ extinct/lost/missing/destroyed discompose : pacific :: fabricate : authentic(#)

extemporize v. � � � � � � � facetious adj. � � � � � � /� � � � � : WAGGISH

: to do or perform (something) without prior preparation or : meant to be humorous or funny ; not serious
practice facetious : speech :: antic : behavior
juggernaut : unstoppable :: extemporization : spontaneous facetious ↔ earnest
facetious ↔ lugubrious
extenuate vt. � � � � /� � � � � � � : MITIGATE
facile adj. � � � � /� � � : SPECIOUS, SUPERFICIAL measurable ↔ unfathomable
: readily manifested, together with an aura of insincerity occult ↔ bare/patent/readily fathomable
and lack of depth
: easily accomplished or attained fatigue n. � �
facile : profoundity :: ?? fatigue : rest :: dehydration : water
facile ↔ profound guilt : expiation :: fatigue : repose
shallowness ↔ profundity indefatigable ↔ soon tired

facilitate vt. � � � � � � factitious adj. � � � � �

: to make easier ; help bring about : produced by humans rather than by natural forces
facilitate ↔ impeding
obstruct ↔ facilitate
fatuous adj. � � � /� � � : SILLY
hamper ↔ facilitate
: complacently or inanely foolish
fatuous ↔ astute
faction n. � � : CLIQUE
: a party or group (as within a government) that is often
fawn v/n. � � � � � /� � � �
contentious or self-seeking
: to court favor by a cringing or flattering manner
expedition : foot-dragging :: consensus : factionalism
: a young deer
consensus : factionalism :: clarity : confusion(#)
adulate : fawn :: woo : adorn(>)
factional ↔ disinterested
condescending : patronize :: obsequious : fawn(=)
imperiousness : fawn :: self depreciatory : swagger
faint adj. � � � /� � � � fawn : hauteur :: self depreciate : swagger
: lacking strength or vigor : performed, offered, or fawn : imperiousness :: equivocate : directness
accomplished weakly or languidly /elaborate : sketchy
stentorian ↔ faint miser : hoard :: dandy : preen
/sycophant : fawn /pundit : opine
fainthearted adj. � � � : TIMID obsequious : fawn :: compliant : yield
parsimonious : spend :: peremptory : fawn
fallacy n. � � � � � /� � reprobate : misbehave:: sycophant : fawn
disabuse : fallacy :: cure : disease
fallacy ↔ valid argument faze vt. � � � � � /� � � � � : DISCONCERT, DAUNT
embolden ↔ abash/faze/cow
falsehood n. � � fazed ↔ undisturbed
corroborate : evidence :: calumniate : falsehood
feckless adj. � � � /� � � � : WEAK, INEFFECTIVE
falter vt. � � � � : lacking purpose or vitality
: to hesitate in purpose or action : careless and irresponsible
falter : act :: stammer : speak alacrity ↔ fecklessness
feckless ↔ responsible
fantasy n. � � /� �
nicety : precision :: illusion : fantasy(=) fecund adj. � � � : PROLIFIC
imperial : significant :: grotesque : fantastic(>)
feeble adj. � � �
farce n. � � � � �
farce : performance :: limerick : poem fender n. � � � �
: a device that protects
fascinate vt. � � � �
fascination : interest :: adoration : fondness(>) feral adj. � � � : WILD
feral ↔ cultivated
fast n/adj. � � /� � � /� �
fast : eat :: respite : labor fertilize vt. � � � � � �
fast : eat :: moratorium : act fertilize : grow :: immunize : resist
fast ↔ loosely attach
fastness ↔ unsecured place fervid adj. � � � � r
fastness ↔ deliberate action fervid ↔ restrained

fasten vt. � � � fervor n. � �

lathe : shape :: clasp : fasten ennui : enthusiastic :: fervor : apathetic
fervor : zealot :: improvidence : spendthrift
fastidious adj. � � � � zealotry ↔ lack of fervor
: having high and often capricious standards : difficult to
please fetid adj. � � � � �
: showing or demanding excessive delicacy or care grating : sound :: fetid : smell
devoted : zealous :: careful : fastidious(<) fetid : smell :: urgly : appearance
fastidious : outshine :: recalcitrant : resist
dapper : fastidious :: ??
fetter n/v. � � (� � )
fastidious ↔ coarse
enfranchise ↔ enfetter
fastidious ↔ easygoing/cursory/uncritical
liberalistic ↔ enfetterist

fateful adj. � � � � � � � �
fiasco n. � � �
: involving momentous consequences
fiasco ↔ a notable success/eclat
fateful ↔ inconsequential

fictitious adj. � � � : IMAGINARY

fathom v. � � � � /� � � � �
fictitious ↔ factual
: to measure by a sounding line
: to penetrate and come to understand
erudite : fathom :: oblivious : neglect fidelity n. � � /� �
respect : baseness :: trust : infidelity(#)
apostasy ↔ fidelity flit v. � � � � �
: to pass quickly or abruptly from one place or condition to
figurative adj. � � � � : EMBLEMATIC another
flit : move :: blurb : utter
filibuster n. � � � � � �
: the use of obstructionist tactics, especially prolonged flinch v. � � � � /� � � � � � �
speechmaking, for the purpose of delaying legislative : to start or wince involuntarily, as from surprise or pain
action : to recoil, as from something unpleasant or difficult
filibuster : legislation :: blockade : commerce grisly : flinch :: droll : laugh
solicitude : concern :: stoic : flinch
filigree n. � � �
chiaroscuro : contrast :: filigree : delicacy flint n. � � �
pestle : grind :: flint stone : sharpen
filly n. � � � �
filly : horse :: pullet : chicken flippancy n. � � � /� � �
: unbecoming levity or pertness especially in respect to
filter n. � � � grave or sacred matters
winnow : chaff :: filter : impurities
flip : respect :: nonchalant : concern
finesse n. � � /� � flippancy ↔ seriousness
: skillful handling of a situation : adroit maneuvering
finesse ↔ ineptitude flirt n. � � � �
flirt : decency :: ??
finicky adj. � � � � � � (� � � � � ) supplicant : beseeching :: coquette : flirtatious
: extremely or excessively nice, exacting, or meticulous in
taste or standards flit v. � � � � � � � �
fluent : glib :: meticulous : finicky(<) flit ↔ plod

flaccid adj. � � � � /� � � flock n. � � � �

flaccidity ↔ firmness clique : intimates :: flock : sheep

flagging adj. � � � � : LANGUID, WEAK flounder vi. � � � � /� � � �

flagging ↔ thriving/vibrant : to proceed or act clumsily or ineffectually
flag ↔ wax flounder : process :: ??
flounder ↔ slide
flamboyant adj. � � � /� � �
: marked by or given to strikingly elaborate or colorful flourish vi. � � � � : THRIVE
display or behavior flourish ↔ wither/waste away
flamboyant ↔ understated/subdued(1� � )
flamboyant ↔ natural(2� � ) flout v. � � � � /� � � � : SCORN
flout : disregard :: taunt : challenge
flange n. � � � �
fluctuate vi. � � � �
flannel n. � � � � : to shift back and forth uncertainly
flannel : cloth :: linen : fabric pristine : decay :: stable : fluctuation

flatter vt. � � � � fluent adj. � � � : POLISHED

: to praise excessively especially from motives of self-
interest
flattery : praise :: loquaciousness : talkativeness(>)
sabbatical : leave :: flattering : infatuation
scorn : reject :: adulate : flatter
sycophant : flattery :: extortionist : intimidation
toady : flatter :: ??
fluent : glib :: humorous : wry
fluent : glib :: meticulous : finicky
fluent ↔ halting
flush v. � � � � � � �
: to flow and spread suddenly and freely
galvanize : stimulate :: irrigate : flush

flaw n. � fluster v. � � � � � : UPSET

glitch : flaw :: peccadillo : error/sin/offense : to put into a state of agitated confusion
impeccable : flaw :: ingenuous : guile(#) flustered ↔ calm

flax n. � � � � fluvial adj. � � �

clay : porcelain :: flax : linen fluvial : river :: sidereal : star

fledge vi. � � � � � foible n. � � � � � /� � : WEAKNESS

fledging ↔ molt squabble : dispute :: foible : failing(<)
tiff : squabble :: foible : failing(<)
fleeting adj. � � � �
: passing swiftly foil n/v. � � /� � � � �
fleeting : pass :: meteoric : rise foil : metal :: veneer : wood

flexible adj. � � � � � : PLIANT foliage n. � �

adamant : flexibility :: refractory : control plumage : bird :: foliage : bush
limber : flexibility :: spindly : frailty(=)
static : moving :: pliable : inflexible(#)
folly n. � � � �
calcification ↔ flexibility
folly ↔ sagacity
flexible ↔ mulish

foment vt. � � � � : ROUSE, INCITE
: to promote the growth or development of
conducive : foment :: tonic : invigorate
disseminate : information :: foment : discontentment
defuse ↔ foment
foment ↔ inhibit
quell ↔ foment/instigate/rouse
squelch ↔ foment
fondness n. � �
fascination : interest :: adoration : fondness(>)
limber : flexibility :: spindly : frailty
fraudulent adj. � � � : DECEITFUL
authenticity : fraudulent :: sincerity : hypocritical(#)
freewheel vi. � � � � � � � �
: to move, live, or play freely or irresponsibly
frenetic adj. � � � �
: wildly excited or active; frantic; frenzied
energetic : frenetic :: firm : obdurate(<)
frenetic ↔ ?

foolhardy adj. � � � : RASH frenzy n. � � /� �

: a violent mental or emotional agitation
footloose adj. � � � � convulsion : contraction :: frenzy : emotion
: having no attachments or ties calm : frenzy :: serene : tumultuous(#)
dauntless : trepidation :: footloose : attachment
footloose ↔ attached fresco n. � � � � � �
fresco : wall :: parquetry : floor
forebear n. � �
forebear ↔ descendants friable adj. � � � � � �
: easily crumbled or pulverized
forbidding adj. � � � friable : crumble :: malleable : alter
impervious : friable :: nonflammable : combustible(#)
ford n. � � � � � � � � friable ↔ not easily crumbled/resistance to be pulverized
: a shallow place in a body of water, such as a river, where
one can cross by walking or riding on an animal or in a friction n. � �
vehicle abraded : friction :: desiccated : dehydration
ford : river :: shore : lake
ford : river :: pass : mountain frieze n. (� )� � � � �
frieze : building :: illumination : manuscript
forestry n. � �
tree : forestry :: flower : horticulture frigid adj. � � � �
forest : tree :: fur : hair sweltering ↔ frigid

forgery n. � � frivolous adj. � � � /� � �

: the act of forging, especially the illegal production of : lacking in seriousness
something counterfeit : marked by unbecoming levity
plagiarism : ideas :: rustling : cattle frivolous : gravity :: brash : discretion
frivolous ↔ somber/grave/lugubrious
formidable adj. � � � � � /� � � �
: causing fear, dread, or apprehension frothy adj. � � � /� � � �
: tending to inspire awe or wonder frothy ↔ weighty
formidable ↔ comforting
formidable ↔ simple
frowzy adj. � � � � /� � � �
formidable ↔ reassuring
dapper ↔ frowzy
formidable ↔ enticing
frowzy ↔ original/striking

forthright adj. � � � /� � �
frugal adj. � � � � /� � �
acrid : gentleness :: forthright : guile
parsimony : frugality :: hubris : pride(>)
furtive ↔ open/forthright/brassy
frugal : penurious :: deferential : sycophantic(<)
forthright ↔ backhanded
frugality ↔ extravagancy

fortify vt. � � � � : ENCOURAGE

debilitated ↔ fortified
frustrate v. � � � � �
frustrate ↔ abet
vitiate ↔ fortify
enervate ↔ fortify/strengthen
full-bodied adj. � � �
full-bodied : flavor :: resonant : sound
foster vt. � � � � : ENCOURAGE
: to promote the growth and development of
foster ↔ stifle fulminate v. � � � � � � �
: to send forth censures or invectives
fulminate : criticize :: adulate : flatter(>)
founder vt. � � � � : SINK
foundation : building :: root� tree
founder ↔ stay aloft fungi n. � �
founder ↔ afloat fungi : ecologist :: motivation : psychologist

foundry n. � � � � furnace n. �
mill : grain :: foundry : metal furnace : heat :: generator : electricity

fracture v. � � � � : RUPTURE, TEAR furor n. � � /� �

cement ↔ fracture furor ↔ serenity

fragile adj. � � � � � furtive adj. � � � : SURREPTITIOUS, CLENDESTINE

fragile : break :: porous : penetrate caprice : whimsical :: stealth : furtive
/discontent : unsatisfied
furtive ↔ open/forthright/brassy garner v. ~ � � � � � �
furtively ↔ candidly
garrulous adj. � � � �
fuss v. � � � � � /� � � � � � garrulous : talkative :: cloying : sweet(>)
: to create or be in a state of restless activity ; to shower garrulous : talkative :: fussy : careful(>)
flattering attentions
assert : belabor :: tend : fuss(<)
gash n. � � � �
garrulous : talkative :: fussy : careful(>)
: a deep narrow depression or cut
cleft : chasm :: cut : gash(<)
fusty adj. � � � �
: rigidly old-fashioned or reactionary
gasification n. � � �
fusty ↔ fresh
gasification/vaporization ↔ solidification

futility n. � � : USELESSNESS
gauche adj. � � � : CRUDE
bootless : futility :: effulgent : resplendence(=)
: lacking social experience or grace; also :not tactful
interesting : intriguing :: bootless : futile(=)
gaucheness ↔ polish

gaudy adj. � � �
G : ostentatiously or tastelessly ornamented
gaudy : apparel :: grandiloquent : speak

gadfly n. � � � � /� � � � � � � � � gauge v. � � � �
: a person who stimulates or annoys especially by gauge : pressure :: scale : weight
persistent criticism measure : dimensions :: calibrate : diameter
gadfly : goad :: humorist : amuse /gauge : pressure /plumb : depth
annoying : gadfly :: rude : churl
gear n. � �
gaffe n. � � � � � � /� � gear : tooth :: screw : thread
: a social or diplomatic blunder
gaffe : tactless :: ?? genealogy n. � �
miscalculation : judgment :: gaffe : decorum
generality n. � � �
gainsay v. � � /� � � � ecumenical : generality :: entire : integrity
: to declare to be untrue or invalid
gainsay ↔ affirm
genial adj. � � �
resourceful : inventiveness :: philanthropic : geniality
gait n. � � � � genial ↔ dyspeptic
: a manner of walking or moving on foot caustic ↔ palliating/genial
gait : walk :: parlance : speak dour ↔ congenial/genial
mordant ↔ genial
galaxy n. � � �
genteel adj. � � � � : POLITE
galling adj. � � � � � � : VEXING : free from vulgarity or rudeness
gall ↔ lull genteel : vulgarity :: intrepid : fear
gall ↔ calm/assuage truculent : gentleness :: unregenerate : remorse
galling ↔ placating genteel ↔ loutish
genteel ↔ churlish
galvanize v. � � � �
: to stimulate or excite as if by an electric shock genuine adj. � � � /� � � : ACTUAL, TRUE
galvanize : stimulate :: irrigate : flush(>) genuine : authenticity :: entire : integrity
galvanize ↔ lull spurious ↔ genuine

gamble v. � � � � � � � � germane adj. � � � : FITTING

: to engage in reckless or hazardous behavior : being at once relevant and appropriate
adamant : yield :: cautious : gamble germane ↔ irrelevant

gambol v. � � � � � � � � gesture n. � �
gambol ↔ plod parody : style :: mime : gesture

gangling adj. � � � � : LANKY ghastly adj. � � � � �

: intensely unpleasant, disagreeable, or objectionable
garble v. � � � � ghastly : unpleasant :: ??
: to so alter or distort as to create a wrong impression or
change the meaning giddy adj. � � � /� � : FRIVOLOUS
correct : accurate :: garble : unintelligible giddiness ↔ graveness
ramshackle : soundness :: garbled : clarity giddy ↔ serious
garble ↔ elucidate
ginger n. � �
garish adj. � � � � � � � ginger : spice :: ??
: marked by strident color or excessive ornamentation
garish : color :: ?? glacier n. � �
glacial : cold :: profound : deep(>)
garment n. � � glacial : slow :: ??
hem : garment :: ruffle : shirt glacier : ice :: sea : water
/molding : cabinet
 gobble vt. � � � � � �
glade n. � � � � � quaff : sip :: gobble : nibble
: an open space surrounded by woods swill : sip :: gobble : nibble
oasis : desert :: glade : wood
goggle n. � � � �
glamorize vt. � � � � : ROMANTICIZE goggles : eyes :: gloves : hands
/earmuff : ear
glance n. � � �
peck : kiss :: glance : look goldbrick vi. � � � � � �
evade : answer :: goldbrick : work
glaze v. � � � � /� � � � � �
glaze : porcelain :: varnish : wood gorge vi. � � � � : GLUT
glaze ↔ rumple : to stuff to capacity
reticent : talk :: abstemious : gorge
glib adj. � � � � ( � � � � � )
: marked by ease and fluency in speaking or writing often gossamer n/adj. � � � � � (� )
to the point of being insincere or deceitful gossamer ↔ substance/ponderous
: lacking depth and substance
fluent : glib :: humorous : wry gourmet n. � � � : CONNOISSEUR
fluent : glib :: meticulous : finicky : connoisseur of fine food and drink
glib ↔ ltaciturn bibliophile : books :: gourmet : food
glib ↔ labored connoisseur : art :: gourmet : cuisine
gourmet : food :: aesthete : art
glimmer n/v. � � /� � � � � � �
grandeur n. � � � : MAGNIFICENCE
glisten v. � � � � : the quality or state of being grand
dingy : glisten :: slippery : adhere grandeur :: mean :: ??

glitch n. � � � � � /� � grandiloquent adj. � � � � � �

: a usually minor malfunction : a lofty, extravagantly colorful, pompous, or bombastic
glitch : flaw :: peccadillo : error/sin/offense style, manner, or quality especially in language
glitch : malfunction/problem :: peccadillo : error gaudy : apparel :: grandiloquent : speak
grandiloquent ↔ secretive
gloat vi. � � � � � � � � �
: to observe or think about something with triumphant and grandiose adj. � � � �
often malicious satisfaction, gratification, or delight : characterized by affectation of grandeur or splendor or
primp : vain :: gloat : smug by absurd exaggeration
ephemeral : longevity :: grandiose : humility(#)
gloomy adj. � � � : MELANCHOLY
grandstand v. � � � � � � � � �
: to play or act so as to impress onlookers
glorify vt. � � � �
grandstand : impress :: equivocate : deceive
: to cause to be or seem to be better than the actual
condition
castigation : reproof :: denunciation : denial grant vt. � � � �
castigation : reproof :: glorification : merit(>) concede ↔ refuse to grant
withhold ↔ grant
gloss n/v. � � (� � )
: a brief explanation (as in the margin or between the lines gratify vt. � � � � � �
of a text) of a difficult or obscure word or expression : to be a source of or give pleasure or satisfaction to
blurb : notice :: gloss : explanation gratify : desire :: slake : thirsty
scrutinize :: gloss :: delve : skim aggrieve ↔ gratify
irk/rile/nettle ↔ gratify
glossary n. � � � �
glossary : text :: legend : map grating adj. � � � � � �
grating : sound : : acrid : odor
/fetid : smell
glossy adj. � � � � �
varnish : glossy :: sand : smooth
gratis adj. � � � : FREE
glut n. � � � � � : OVERSUPPLY
: an excessive quantity gratuitous adj. � � � /� � � �
glut ↔ dearth : not called for by the circumstances
gratuitous ↔ merited/warranted
glutinous adj. � � � � /� � � � : GUMMY
etch : corrosive :: glue : adhesive gravity n. � � �
glutinous ↔ non viscous : having a serious and dignified quality or demeanor
frivolous : gravity :: brash : discretion
droll ↔ grave
glutton n. � � �
giddiness ↔ gravity
avarice : money :: gluttony : food
grave ↔ insignificant
glutton : overindulge :: ascetic : self denial
gluttonous ↔ abstemious
gregarious adj. � � � � /� � � � : SOCIAL
poseur : sincerity :: recluse : gregariousness
goad vt. � � � � � � � : SPUR
gregarious ↔ aloof
: to incite or rouse as if with a goad
command : entreaty :: goad : enticement(>)
gadfly : goad :: humorist : amuse grievous adj. � � �
smart : pain :: grieve : sorrow
solace : grief :: pacification : anger /flare : light
grievous ↔ slight
guzzle v. � � � �
grimace n. � � � � : to drink especially liquor greedily, continually, or
: a facial expression usually of disgust or disapproval ; a habitually
sharp contortion of the face expressive of pain, contempt, complain : carp :: drink : guzzle(<)
or disgust
contortion : body :: grimace : face
chargrin : mind :: grimace : face
H

grin vi. � � � � : SMILE

: to smile broadly, often baring the teeth, as in
amusement, glee, embarrassment, or other strong habitable adj. � � � � � �
emotion potable : beverage :: habitable : dwelling
pout ↔ grin
hack n. � � � � � � � �
gripe n. � � : a person who works solely for mercenary reasons
gripe : discontent :: praise : admiration mercenary : soldier :: hack : writer

grisly adj. � � � � � hackneyed adj. � � �

: inspiring horror or intense fear : lacking in freshness or originality
grisly : flinch :: droll : laugh windy : concise :: hackneyed : original(#)
equivocation : misleading :: bromide : hackneyed
groove v. � � � �
grooved : striating :: braided : strand halcyon adj. � � � /� � � �
striated : groove :: dappled : spot : calm and peaceful
halcyon ↔ tempestuous
grotesque adj. � � � : FANCIFUL, BIZARRE
imperial : significant :: grotesque : fantasy hale adj. � � � : SOUND
: free from defect, disease, or infirmity
effete ↔ hale
grovel vi. � � � � � �
hale ↔ infirm
: to behave in a servile or demeaning manner
blighted ↔ hale
minion : dependent :: groveler : petitionary

half-baked adj. � � � /� � � �
grumble n. � � : lacking adequate planning or forethought
half-baked ↔ well thought of/complete
guarantee vt. � � � �
vouch ↔ refuse to guarantee
halfhearted adj. � � � � �
: lacking heart, spirit, or interest
guffaw v. � � � � � � halfhearted ↔ enthusiastic

guile n. � � � /� � : DUPLICITY hallucination n. � �

: deceitful cunning : perception of objects with no reality usually arising from
acrid : gentleness :: forthright : guile(#) disorder of the nervous system or in response to drugs
blemish : impeccable :: guile : artless(#) delusion : thought :: hallucination : perception
impeccable : flaw :: ingenuous : guile(#)
guile : artless :: blemish : flawless(#)
halting adj. � � � � � /� � � � � �
gullible : chicanery :: servile : domination
: marked by a lack of sureness or effectiveness
guile : naif :: tardy : prompt(#) fluent ↔ halting
artless ↔ cunning/guile
manipulative ↔ guileless
ham-handed adj. � � �
: lacking dexterity or grace
guilt n. � � � : SELF-REPROACH ham-handed ↔ deft/adroit
: feelings of culpability especially for imagined offenses or
from a sense of inadequacy
narcissism : love :: guilt : blame(>) hammering adj. � � (� � ) � � �
: to make repeated efforts ; to reiterate an opinion or
attitude
gullible adj. � � �
: easily duped or cheated
compliant : servile :: trusting : gullible(<) hamper vt. � � � � : IMPEDE
gullible : chicanery :: servile : domination seminal ↔ hampering further development
vigilant : entrapped :: exacting : satisfied hamper ↔ facilitate
/wary : gulled
hamstring vt. � � � � � � /� � � � � : CRIPPLE
gully n. � � : to make ineffective or powerless
gully : erosion :: callus : friction hamstring : effectiveness :: ??
hamstring ↔ make efficient
gum n. � �
resin : tree :: gum : rubber plant handle vt. � � �
cumbersome ↔ easy to handle
gush n. � �
blast : whiff :: gush : trickle hangdog adj. � � � � � /� � � : SAD, DEJECTED
gush : effusive :: rage : irate : have a dejected, shamefaced or guilty
hangdog ↔ buoyant
hangdog ↔ elated
gust n. � �
gust : wind :: cloudburst :: rainfall
hankering n. � � /� � : YEARN haunt ↔ shun/infrequency
: a strong or persistent desire frequent ↔ avoid
hankering ↔ odium
hauteur n. � � � : ARROGANCE, HAUGHTINESS
haphazard adj. � � � � � /� � � � � � � � fawn : hauteur :: self depreciate : swagger
: marked by lack of plan, order, or direction hauteur ↔ humility
methodical ↔ haphazard
systematic ↔ haphazard havoc n. � � �
havoc ↔ serenity
hapless adj. � � �
hapless ↔ fortunate haze v. � � � � � � /� � � �
hapless ↔ luckcy : to make hazy, dull, or cloudy
: to harass by exacting unnecessary or disagreeable work
harangue v. � � � � �
: to make a ranting speech or writing headlong adj. � � � �
harangue ↔ speak temperately : lacking in calmness or restraint
headlong ↔ deliberate
harass v. � � � � /� � � � �
haunt : familiar :: morass/harass : irritating headstrong adj. � � �
headstrong : willfulness :: ??
harbinger n. � � � /� � : PROCECUER
: one that pioneers in or initiates a major change ; one hearken(harken) v. � � � � � �
that presages or foreshadows what is to come : to give respectful attention
harbinger : presage :: archetype : exemplify hearken ↔ ignore

harbor v. � � � � � � � heart vt. � � � �

: to provide a place, home, or habitat for mollify : anger :: heart : dejection
harbor ↔ evict dismay ↔ hearted

hardheaded adj. � � � : STUBBORN, WILLFUL heartrending adj. � � � � � � � �

hard-liner n. � � � � � � �
: one who advocate or involve a rigidly uncompromising
course of action
hard-liner : compromise :: ??
hardy adj. � � � /� � � �
hardy ↔ feeble
harebrained adj. � � �
harmonious adj. � � � �
acrimonious ↔ harmonious
harmony ↔ discord
harness vt. � � � �
harness ↔ fail to utilize
harp n. � �
horn : blow :: harp : pluck
harry n/v. � � /� � � �
harry ↔ comfort/untrouble
harsh adj. � � �
barb : caustic :: pan : harsh
encomium ↔ harsh criticism
mollycoddle ↔ treat harshly
paean ↔ harshly lampoon
harsh ↔ serene
hasten vt. � � � �
: to move or act quickly
hasten ↔ slow the progress of
hasten ↔ check
hasty adj. � � � � /� � �
: easily angered
: done or made too quickly to be accurate or wise
hasty ↔ characterized by deliberation
hasty ↔ well considered
: causing anguish or deep distress; arousing deep
sympathy
heartrending : sad :: deafening : loud(>)
hedge n. � � � � �
: a means of protection or defense (as against financial
loss)
hedge : loss :: quarantine : contamination
safeguard : accident :: hedge : loss
: FOOLISH
heinous adj. � � � : ABOMINABLE
heinous ↔ commendable
heirloom n. � �
heirloom : ancestor :: bequest : testator
hem n. � �
hem : garment :: ruffle : shirt
/molding : cabinet
herald vt. � � � � : ANNOUNCE
unabashed : embarrassment :: unheralded :
announcement
unherald ↔ proclaim
herbicide n. � � �
insect : pesticide :: plant : herbicide
hereditary adj. � � �
: genetically transmitted or transmittable from parent to
offspring
hereditary ↔ acquired
heresy n. � �
: an opinion, doctrine, or practice contrary to the truth or
to generally accepted beliefs or standards
apostasy : faith :: recantation : heresy
dogma ↔ heresy
heretical adj. � � � : UNORTHODOX
doctrine : heretical :: course : errant

haunt vt. � � � � : FREQUENT hermit n. � � � : RECLUSE

: to visit often : one that retires from society and lives in solitude
haunt : familiar :: morass/harass : irritating especially for religious reasons
persecute : injure :: haunt : remember vegetarian : meat :: hermit : society
hermitage : secluded :: landmark : conspicuous
honorarium n. � � �
herpetologist n. � � � � amenity : comfortable :: honorarium : grateful
salmon : ichthyologist :: chameleon : herpetologist
horn n. � � � : TRUMPET
hesitance n. � � � horn : blow :: harp : pluck
alacrity ↔ dilatoriness/hesitance
impetuosity ↔ hesitance/vacillation hortative adj. � � � � : ADVISORY
didactic : teach :: hortatory : urge
hidebound adj. � � � /� � � � � � hortative : encourage :: exculpatory : absolve
: having an inflexible or ultraconservative character
horticulture n. � � �
contumacious : authority :: reactionary/hidebound/ tree : forestry :: flower : horticulture
conservative : change/innovation/novelty
hidebound : conservative :: manic : interested(>) hovel n. � � � � : HUT
palatial : hovel :: city : bucolic
hideous adj. � � � � � � /� � � � �
: offensive to the senses and especially to sight ; hub n. � �
exceedingly ugly spoke : hub :: radius : center
pulchritude ↔ ugliness/hideousness
affinity ↔ aversion/hideousness
hubris n. � �
parsimony : frugality :: hubris : pride(>)
hie vt. � � � � : HASTEN hesitation : reluctance :: hubris : pride
hie ↔ dawdle
humanitarian n. � � � : PHILANTHROPIST
hierarchy n. � � � �
echelon : hierarchy : : ??
humble adj. � � �
dour : geniality :: bumptious : humbleness
hike n. � � � � � impetuous : vacillation/hesitation :: bumptious :
: an abrupt increase especially in quantity or amount humbleness
backset ↔ hike supercilious ↔ humble
bumptious ↔ humble
hinge n. (� � � )� � hauteur ↔ humility
panache ↔ humility
hint n. � � : CLUE
nuance : distinction :: hint : suggestion(<) humor vt. � � � � � �
: to comply with the wishes or ideas of
histrionic adj. � � � /� � � � : THEATRICAL chide : pillory :: humor : mollycoddle(<)
: of or relating to actors, acting, or the theater
: deliberately affected hurdle n. � � � : OVERCOME, SURMOUNT
histrionic : actor :: ??
hurl vt. � � � � �
hitch v. (� � � � � ) � � /� � scowl : displeasure :: kiss : affection
/hurl : disgust
hive n. � � � � �
: a place swarming with activity hurricane n. � � � �
tumultuous : bedlam :: active : hive fire : inferno :: storm : hurricane
rain : deluge :: wind : hurricane(<)
hoard v. � � � � snow : precipitation :: hurricane : cyclone
miser : hoard :: dandy : preen
/sycophant : fawn /pundit : opine husbandry n. � � : CONSERVATION
hoard : miser :: shirk : malinger husbandry : dissipate :: alacrity : procrastinate
husband ↔ squander
hoary adj. � � � � � : ANCIENT husbandry ↔ prodigality
: extremely old
hoary : old :: hilarious : funny (>) husky adj. � � � � �
husky ↔ delicate
hodgepodge n. � � � : JUMBLE
: a mixture of dissimilar ingredients hybrid adj. � � � : COMPOSITE
hodgepodge : uniformity :: cliche : original hybrid ↔ of unmixed extraction
items : hodgepodge :: people : rabble
rioter : hodgepodge :: interpreter : translate hymn n. � � �
rioter : hodgepodge :: illuminator : instruct
hypnotic adj/n. 0 � � � /0 � � : SOPORIFIC
homage n. � � : RESPECT
hypnotic/unwitting ↔ conscious
counsel : advice :: laud : homage
hypnotic ↔ stimulant
homage ↔ disrespect

hyperbole n. � � �
homily n. � � /� �
malicious : ill will :: exaggerating : hyperbole
parable : story :: homily : lecture
hyperbolic ↔ factful

homogenize vt. � � � � � � � hypocritical adj. � � � �

stratify ↔ homogenize
authenticity : fraudulent :: sincerity : hypocritical
hypocritical ↔ ingenuous/honest
hone v. � � � � � : WHET
hone ↔ blunt
I imminent adj. � � � � �
: ready to take place; especially : hanging threateningly
over one's head
imminency : forthcoming :: ??
ichthyologist n. � � �
salmon : ichthyologist :: chameleon : herpetologist
immune adj. � � �
fertilize : grow :: immunize : resist
idiosyncratic adj. � � �
soporific : sleep :: vaccinating : immunity
: characteristic peculiarity
vaccination : immune :: overexposure : jaded

idolater n. � � �
immure vt. � � � �
reverent : idolater :: trusting : dupe
: to enclose within or as if within walls
immure ↔ release
ignite vt. � � � � : KINDLE
ignite ↔ extinguish
immutable adj. � � �
: not capable of or susceptible to change
ignominy n. � � � /� � immutable : altered :: implacable : propitiated(#)
: deep personal humiliation and disgrace transitory : endure :: immutable : change(#)
ignominious ↔ lofty immutable ↔ variable
ignominies ↔ glory/honor/esteem/respect
imp n. � � � � � : URCHIN
ignorant adj. � � � insensitive : boor :: mischievous : imp
subtle : ignore :: salient : observe
erudite ↔ smattering of knowledge/ignorant/unlettered
impair vt. � � � � �
ill-bred adj. � � � � � � : IMPOLITE
impassive adj. � � � � /� � �
: badly brought up or showing bad upbringing
impassive : perturb :: voracious : satisfy
ill-bred : impolite :: ??
impassive ↔ emotional

illiteracy n. � �
illiteracy : education :: inequity : redistribution
illuminati n. � � � � � � [� � � � ] � �
: persons who are or who claim to be unusually
enlightened
interpreter : translate :: illuminati : instruct
impeccable adj. � � � : FLAWLESS
: free from fault or blame
blemish : impeccable :: guile : artless
impeccable : flaw :: ingenuous : guile
rectitude : transgressive :: keenness : obtuse
impeccable : flaw :: indolent : stir
impeccable ↔ faulty

illumination n. � � /� � /� � � impecunious adj. � � � � : PENNILESS

frieze : building :: illumination : manuscript foolish : discretion :: impecunious : money
stylus : mark :: lamp : illumination frugal : impecunious :: temperate : sober(<)
therapeutic : hospital :: illuminating : school impecunious ↔ wealthy/prosperous/affluent
obfuscate ↔ elucidate/illuminate/explain clearly
impede v. � � � �
illusory adj. � � � � � � � : DECEPTIVE blandishment : cajole :: obstacle : impede
: based on or producing illusion abet ↔ thwart/impede
maelstrom : turbulent :: mirage : illusory facilitate ↔ impede
nicety : precision :: illusion : fantasy(=)
squall : commotion :: flash : illumination
impending adj. � � � � � �
: to be about to occur
illustrate vt. � � � � impending ↔ remote
illustrate : pictures :: particularize : details
impenetrable adj. � � � � �
imbroglio n. � � /� � � � � pierce : impenetrable :: profane : inviolable
: an intricate or complicated situation (as in a drama or porous ↔ impenetrable
novel)
: a violently confused or bitterly complicated altercation
impenitent adj. � � � � � �
: not feeling or expressing humble or regretful pain or
imitation n. � � sorrow for sins or offenses
exemplary : imitation :: culpable : blame penitent : obdurate :: skeptic : credulous(#)
rueful/contrite ↔ impenitent
immanent adj. � � � �
: remaining or operating within a domain of reality or imperative adj. � � � � � /� � � �
realm of discourse : expressive of a command, entreaty, or exhortation
immanent ↔ explicit : not to be avoided or evaded
immanent ↔ extrinsic question : interrogative :: order : imperative

immaterial adj. � � � � � : UNIMPORTANT imperceptible adj. � � � /� � � � � �

: of no substantial consequence appreciable ↔ imperceptible
immaterial : relevance :: peripheral : center
immaterial : relevance :: circuitous : directness
imperial adj. 0 � � � � /� � �
relevant ↔ immaterial
: of, relating to, befitting, or suggestive of an empire or an
emperor
immemorial adj. � � � � imperial : significant :: grotesque : fantastic(>)
: extending or existing since beyond the reach of memory, imperial ↔ obedient
record, or tradition
immemorial ↔ recent
imperious adj. � � � : DOMINEERING extol ↔ condemn/impugn/detract
: marked by arrogant assurance impugn ↔ champion
fawn : imperiousness :: equivocate : directness impugn ↔ endorse
imperious : fawn :: swagger : self depreciate(#) impugn ↔ vindicate
imperious : servile :: bellicose : peaceable(#)
fawn : imperiousness :: equivocate : directness impuissance n. � � � � : WEAKNESS,
/elaborate : sketchy POWERLESSNESS
imperiousness : fawn :: self depreciatory : swagger clout ↔ impuissance
imperious ↔ humble
impulsive adj. � � � �
impertinent adj. � � � � /� � � � �
: not pertinent
impute adj. � � � �
: given to or characterized by insolent rudeness
imputable : nettle :: ??
impertinence ↔ respect/relevance
obeisant ↔ impertinent
inadvertent adj. � � � � : INATTENTIVE
: not focusing the mind on a matter
imperturbable adj. � � � : SERENE
inadvertent ↔ intentional
restive ↔ calm/imperturbable
ticklish ↔ imperturbable
imperturbability ↔ volatility/diffidence inalienable adj. � � � � � �
inalienable : surrendered :: implacable : propitiated
impervious adj. � � � � � /� � � � � �
: not allowing entrance or passage inane adj. � � � /� � � � /� � � � : SILLY
: not capable of being affected or disturbed inane ↔ substantial/expressive/meaningful
impervious : damaged :: indomitable : subdued(#) /pregnant/significant/weighty
impervious : friable :: nonflammable : combustible(#)
impervious : penetrate :: ineluctable : avoid inanimate adj. � � � � �
impervious : damaged :: indefensible : excused ephemeral : enduring :: inanimate : living(#)

impetuous adj. (� � � )� � � /� � � inaugurate v. � � � � �

: marked by impulsive vehemence or passion
impetuous : vacillation/hesitation :: bumptious :
humbleness
impetuosity ↔ hesitance/vacillation
impetuous ↔ deliberate
impiety n. � � � � : IRREVERENCE
impiety ↔ devoutness
implacable adj. � � � � �
: not capable of being appeased, significantly changed, or
mitigated
immutable : altered :: implacable : propitiated
implacable : compromise :: honest : swindle
inaugurate : president :: install : official
/crown : king
inauguration : official :: matriculation : student
cease ↔ inaugurate/commencement
incendiary adj. � � � /� � � �
: tending to excite or inflame
insurgent : rebel :: incendiary : agitate
incendiary ↔ calming/moderating
incense vt. � � � � �
: to arouse the extreme anger or indignation of
propitiate ↔ incense

implement v. � � � � inception n. � � : COMMENCEMENT

inception : termination :: matriculation : graduation
implicate vt. � � � � � � : ENTWINE
: to bring into intimate or incriminating connection incessant adj. � � � � : UNCEASING

implode v. � � � � inch vi. � � � ( � � � ) � � � �

collapse : implode :: divide : sunder(<) : to cause to move slowly
collapse : implode :: steep : immerse(<) inch : move :: drawl : speak

imposing adj. � � � � /� � � � � inchoate adj. � � � /� � � � : FORMLESS

: impressive in size, bearing, dignity, or grandeur : being only partly in existence or operation; especially :
imposing ↔ modest imperfectly formed or formulated
immature : developed :: incipient/inchoate : realized(#)
impromptu adj. � � � : IMPROVISED inchoate ↔ fully formed/organized/having explicit
ad-lib : impromptu :: aside : divergent
incinerate vt. � � � �
improvident adj. � � � � � � � singe : incineration :: erode : destruction
: not foreseeing and providing for the future
incipient adj. � � � /� � �
improvised adj. � � � � : beginning to come into being or to become apparent
rite ↔ improvised act immature : developed :: incipient/inchoate : realized
incipient : realized :: indefinite : tangible(#)
imprudent adj. � � � incipient ↔ full-blown/full-realized

impudent adj. � � � � � : INSOLENT incisive adj. � � �

impudence : brazen :: deadpan : impassive
impudent ↔ deferential/respectful
impugn v. � � � �
: to assail by words or arguments ; oppose or attack as
false or lacking integrity
incite v. � � � � /� � � � � � �
exhortation : motivate :: persiflage : incite
instigator : incite :: bully : browbeat
incite ↔ pacify
inclement adj. � � � /� � � : STORMY indigent adj. � � � /� � � : IMPOVERISHED
inclemency : evade :: ?? indigent : wealth :: redundant : indispensability(#)
inclement ↔ balmy indigent ↔ affluent

incogitant adj. � � � � : THOUGHTLESS, indigestible adj. � � � � � �

INCONSIDERATE
incogitant : thoughtful :: restive : calm(#)
incongruent adj. � � � � � �
incongruent : conform :: recalcitrant : obey(#)
incongruent : conform :: scattering : overlap(#)
indispensability n. � � � � : ESSENTIAL
indigent : wealth :: redundant : indispensability
indoctrinate v. ( � � ,� � )� � � � : TEACH
stickler : exacting :: pedagogue : indoctrinating

inconsequential adj. � � � � � : UNIMPORTANT indolent adj. � � �

crucial/apocalyptic ↔ inconsequential rectitude : transgressive :: keenness : obtuse(#)
impeccable : flaw :: indolent : stir
incontrovertible adj. � � � � � � � : INDISPUTABLE indolent : chirk :: ??
incontrovertible : disputed :: untenable : defended
/ravenous : satisfied /intrepid : feared indubitable adj. � � � � � � � �
controvert ↔ substantiate indubitable ↔ doubtful

incorrigible adj. � � � � � /� � � � : UNALTERABLE, inducement n. � � /� �

INVETERATE inducement ↔ deterrence
: incapable of being corrected or amended ; not
reformable
indulge v. � � � � � �
incorrigible : reformed :: inscrutable : understood
: to treat with excessive leniency, generosity, or
tractability ↔ incorrigibility
consideration
tractable ↔ incorrigible
embarrass : mortify :: indulge : mollycoddle(<)
indulgent� adherent :: slovenly� dapper(#)
incriminate vt. � � � � �
: to charge with or show evidence or proof of involvement
indulgent adj. � � � : LENIENT
in a crime or fault
abstemious : indulge :: austere : decorate
incrimination ↔ exoneration
glutton : overindulgence :: ascetic : self denial
spartan ↔ sybaritic/indulgent/voluptuous/luxurious
inculcate vt. � � � � � � � � � draconian ↔ indulgent/mild
: to teach and impress by frequent repetitions or martinet ↔ indulgent person
admonitions indulgent ↔ ascetic
hammering : inculcate :: ??
indurate vt. � � � � � �
inculpate vt. � � � � � : INCRIMINATE indurate ↔ soften
exonerate ↔ inculpate
absolve ↔ inculpate
inedible adj. � � � � �
exculpate ↔ inculpate
edible : eat :: portable : drink
edible : eat :: admissible : allow
incursion n. � � : RAID
incursion ↔ retreat
ineluctable adj. � � � � : INEVITABLE
impervious : penetrate :: ineluctable : avoid
indecorous adj. � � � � ineluctable/inevitable : avoid :: untenable : defend
mangy ↔ sleek serendipitous : effort :: ineluctable : chance

indefatigable adj. � � � � : UNTIRING ineptitude n. � � � � /� � � /� � � � : INCOMPETENCE

: the quality or state of being generally incompetent
indelible adj. � � � � � : UNFORGETTABLE, finesse ↔ ineptitude
MEMORABLE inept ↔ deft/adroit
: that cannot be removed, washed away, or erased
indelible : forget :: astounding : expect inert adj. � � � �
indelibility ↔ erasability : deficient in active properties
ephemeral : endure :: inert : react
indelicate adj. � � � � � � inertia ↔ activity
reactant ↔ inert material
indemnity n. � � inert ↔ active
mollification : soothe :: indemnity : secure inert ↔ dynamic

indict vt. � � � � inequity n. � � �

: to accuse of wrongdoing inequity ↔ rectitude
indict : accused :: ??
inestimable adj. � � � � � �
indifferent adj. � � � : APATHETIC : too valuable or excellent to be measured or appreciated
embrace : affection :: shrug : indifference
avid ↔ indifferent inevitable adj. � � � � �
ineluctable/inevitable : avoid :: untenable : defend
indigenous adj. � � � /� � �
: having originated in and being produced, growing, living, inexorable adj. � � � /� � � � : RELENTLESS
or occurring naturally in a particular region or environment : not to be persuaded or moved by entreaty
exotic ↔ indigenous inexorable : dissuasion :: indomitable : conquest
indigenous ↔ nonnative inexorable ↔ relenting
infamy n. � � �
infamy ↔ good repute
infatuate vt. � � � � � �
: to inspire with a foolish or extravagant love or admiration
sabbatical : leave :: flattering : infatuation
odium ↔ infatuation
infer vt. � � � � : GUESS, SURMISE
: to derive as a conclusion from facts or premises
tacit : infer :: encoded : decode(#)
eccentric : conventional :: doyen : uninitiated
initial : realized :: irregular : classified(#)
/tangible : indefinite /tenable : undefended
initial ↔ following
initiate ↔ follow up
inkling n. � � � � � /� � � � �
: a slight indication or suggestion
: a slight knowledge or vague notion
inkling : knowledge :: modicum : quantity
inkling : indication :: lapse : error

inferno n. � � � � � (� � � � ) innocent adj. � � � : BLAMELESS

: a place or a state that resembles or suggests hell ;
intense heat
fire : inferno :: storm : hurricane
infinite adj. � � � /� � � : INEXHAUSTIBLE
infinite : exhaust :: discrete : overlap
unique : precedent :: infinite : end
infirm adj. � � �
hale ↔ infirm
culpable ↔ innocent
innocuous adj. � � � /� � � : INOFFENSIVE, INSIPID
placebo : innocuous :: salve : unctuous
placebo : innocuous :: venom : toxious
noxious ↔ wholesome/sanitary/innocuous
innovation n. � �
contumacious : authority :: reactionary/hidebound/
conservative : change/innovation/novelty

inflame v. � � � � /� � � � � innuendo n. � � � � �
: to become excited or angered : an oblique allusion ; a veiled or equivocal reflection on
inflame ↔ assuage/subdue character or reputation

infelicitous adj. � � � /� � � � � innuendo : suspicion :: ??

: not appropriate in application or expression
: not happy inquiry n. � �
happy ↔ infelicitous confidence : arrogant :: inquiry : interrogatory

influx n. � � insatiable adj. � � � � � � � : QUENCHLESS

exodus ↔ influx : incapable of being satisfied
insatiate ↔ slakable
infuse v. � � � � /� � � � : INSPIRE, ANIMATE
inspire : infuse :: obliterate : remove(>) insensate adj. � � � � �
infuse ↔ drain away/refuse/extract : lacking animate awareness or sensation
insensate ↔ concious
ingenious adj. � � �
instate vt. � � � � �
ingenuous adj. � � � /� � � � : ARTLESS instate ↔ oust
: showing innocent or childlike simplicity and candidness
: lacking in cunning, guile, or worldliness insipid adj. � � � � /� � � : DULL, FLAT
impeccable : flaw :: ingenuous : guile
ingenuous : guile :: delicate : offense insolent adj. � � � : IMPUDENT
ingenuous : dissemble :: raffish : preen perfunctorily : inspiration :: insolently : veneration
/polite : snub insolent ↔ polite/courteous elegant
ingratiating : win favor :: disingenuous : deceive
pernicious : injure :: disingenuous : mislead
insouciant adj. � � � : NONCHALANCE
ingénue : sophistication :: cynic : trustfulness
: lighthearted unconcern
hyporcritical ↔ ingenuous/honest
tenacious : yield : : insouciant : worry
ingenuous ↔ cunning

inspired adj. � � � �
ingrained adj. � � � � /� � �
: outstanding or brilliant in a way or to a degree
: forming a part of the essence or inmost being
suggestive of divine
ingrained ↔ easily to change
pedestrian ↔ inspired

ingratiating adj. � � � � � : PLEASING

instigate vt. � � � � : PROVOKE
: capable of winning favor
quell ↔ foment/instigate/rouse
ingratiating : win favor :: disingenuous : deceive

instigator n. � � �
inimical adj. � � � � � : HOSTILE, UNFRIENDLY
instigator : incite :: bully : browbeat
inimical ↔ friendly/amiable/amicable
amenable ↔ inimical
instill v. � � � � � �
instill ↔ drain away
inimitable adj. � � � � � � : MATCHLESS
instill ↔ remove
: not capable of being imitated
inimitable ↔ commonplace
inimitable ↔ ordinary institute vt. � � � � : ORGANIZE
rescind ↔ institute
abrogate ↔ embrace/institute/uphold
iniquity n. � � � � : WICKEDNESS
iniquity ↔ rectitude
insubordinate adj. � � � �
tractable ↔ insubordinate/intransigent/incorrigible/
initial adj. � � � /0 � � : FIRST
obstinate
 confidence : arrogant :: inquiry : interrogatory
insular adj. � � � question : interrogative :: order : imperative
: being, having, or reflecting a narrow provincial viewpoint
insular ↔ cosmopolitan intervene vi. � � � � /� � � � � � � �
insularity ↔ cosmopolitanism
intimate n/v. � � � � /� � � � � � � �
insulate v. � � � � : an intimate friend or confidant
insulate ↔ expose : to communicate delicately and indirectly
clique : intimates :: flock : sheep
insurgent n. � � � intimate : communicate :: allude : infer
: a person who revolts against civil authority or an
established government ; a rebel not recognized as a intimidate vt. � � � � � /� � � �
belligerent sycophant : flattery :: extortionist : intimidation
parsimony : miser :: rebelliousness : insurgent dauntless : intimidate :: irrepressible : restrain
insurgent : rebel :: incendiary : agitate coward : intimidate :: perplexed : obfuscate

intangible adj. � � � � � � � : IMPALPABLE intransigent adj. � � � � � : UNCOMPROMISING

corporeal ↔ intangible : refusing to compromise or to abandon an extreme
tangible ↔ unable to perceive position or attitude
firm : intransigent :: concerned : obsessed(<)
integral adj. � � � � /� � � : CONSTITUENT intransigent : acquiesce :: deferential : offend
: essential to completeness intransigent ↔ open to compromise
: lacking nothing essential tractable ↔ insubordinate/intransigent/incorrigible/
obstinate
integral ↔ superfluous
integral ↔ redundant pliant ↔ intransigent/intractable
integral ↔ tangential
intrepid adj. � � �
integrity n. � � � � : COMPLETENESS genteel : vulgarity :: intrepid : fear(#)
: the quality or state of being complete or undivided intrepid : deter :: rapt : distract(#)
: an unimpaired condition
ecumenical : generality :: entire : integrity intricacy n. � �
taint : integrity :: ?? chiaroscuro : contrast :: tapestry : intricacy

intelligible adj. � � � � intriguing adj � � � � � � � : FASCINATING

correct : accurate :: garble : unintelligible interesting : intriguing :: bootless : futile(=)
pall ↔ interest/intrigue
intemperate adj. � � � � /� � (� )�
equable ↔ intemperate intrinsic adj. � � � /� � �
intemperate ↔ constrained immanent ↔ extrinsic

intensify vi. � � � � : STRENGTHEN inure vt. (� � � � )� � � � �

moderate : intensity :: extenuate : seriousness
abate ↔ intensify/promote
assuage ↔ intensify
inter vt. � � � �
inter : burial :: obliterate : removal
intercede vi. � � � � : MEDIATE
: to intervene between parties with a view to reconciling
differences
intercessor : mediate :: augur : prediction
intercessor : mediate :: translator : interpret
: to accustom to accept something undesirable
inured : tolerance :: addicted : dependency
invective n. � �
: insulting or abusive language
exhortation : motivate :: invective : discredit
polemic : disputatious :: invective : abusive
invective ↔ flattery
inveigh vi. � � � � � � � : RAIL
: to protest or complain bitterly or vehemently
inveigh ↔ verbally provide support

interim adj. � � � � : INTERVAL inveigle v. � � � � � � � � : ENTICE

interim ↔ permanent : to win over by wiles
plot : plan :: inveigle : interest
interlock adj. � � � inveigle ↔ request directly
: to connect so that the motion or operation of any part is
constrained by another inventory n. � � � �
interlocking ↔ independent census : population :: inventory : stock
inventory : merchandise :: manifest : cargo
interloper n. � � � � �
investigate v. ( � � � � � )� � � �
interlude n. � � : INTERVAL cavil : criticize :: probe : investigate(=)

interminable adj. � � � inveterate adj. � � � � /� � � �

countless/innumerable/myriad/untold : number :: : firmly established by long persistence
everlasting/interminable : duration : confirmed in a habit
inveterate ↔ casual
inveterate ↔ one-time
intermittent adj. � � � �
intermittent ↔ constant
invidious adj. � � � � � � �
: of a kind to cause harm or resentment
interrogate vt. � � � � /� � � � invidious ↔ beneficial
: to question formally and systematically
interrogate : probe :: ??
invigorate v. � � � � : STIMULATE issue ↔ withdraw
conducive : foment :: tonic : invigorate
tonic : invigorate :: analgesic : deaden isthmus n. � �
debilitate ↔ invigorate : a narrow strip of land connecting two larger land areas
enervate ↔ invigorate isthmus : land :: strait : water
enfeeble ↔ invigorate

inviolate adj. � � � : PURE

J
: not violated or profaned
pierce : impenetrable :: profane : inviolable
penetrate : impermeable :: profane : inviolable
/comprehend : obscure jabber v. � � � � �
inviolable ↔ profane/impure : to speak rapidly or indistinctly
jabber ↔ speak slowly
invoice n. � � �
: a consignment of merchandise jaded adj. � � : EXHAUSTED
consignment : invoice :: ?? : dulled by experience or by surfeit
overexposure : jaded :: vaccination : immune
invoke vt. � � � � /� � � � : IMPLEMENT
: to put into effect or operation jammed adj. � �
: to call forth by incantation jammed : full :: ironclad : firm
invoke ↔ suspend
jape v. � � � �
invulnerable adj. � � � � revere ↔ jape at
: incapable of being wounded, injured, or harmed
euphemism : offend :: invulnerable : injure jar vi. � � � � �
untenable : defense :: invulnerable : injury
jaundice n. � � /� � � � � �
irascible adj. � � � : a state or attitude characterized by satiety, distaste, or
affable ↔ irascible hostility

irate adj. � � �
gush : effusive :: rage : irate
jaunty adj. (� � � )� � � : LIVELY
staid ↔ jaunty
iridescence n. � � � �
iridescent ↔ monochromatic
jazz n. � �
portrait : painting :: jazz : music
irk v. � � � � � � : VEX, IRRITATE
: to make weary, irritated, or bored
jealousy n. � �
irk : enrage :: suggest : urge(<)
attentive : meddlesome :: envious : jealous(<)
irk ↔ make someone pleased

jejune adj. � � � /� � � : DULL

ironclad adj. � � � : BINDING
labyrinthine : simplicity :: jejune : interest
: so firm or secure as to be unbreakable
jejune ↔ thought provoking
jammed : full :: ironclad : firm(=)

irreducible adj. � � � � � � � �
jerk vi. � � � � � � � �
: impossible to transform into or restore to a desired or
simpler condition jest n. � � /� �
factorable ↔ irreducible jest ↔ solemn speaking

irrelevant adj. � � � � � : INAPPLICABLE jingoist n. � � � � � � � �

immaterial : relevance :: peripheral : center dove ↔ warmonger/jingoist
immaterial : relevance :: circuitous : directness
germane ↔ irrelevant jitter n. � � � � � � �
immaterial ↔ relevant : a sense of panic or extreme nervousness
jittery ↔ resolute
irresolute adj. � � � � � : VACILLATING
demur : qualms :: waver : irresoluteness jocund adj. � � �
jocund ↔ dreary/mormose
irreverent adj. � � � : SATIRIC jocund ↔ dour
awe ↔ irreverence jocund ↔ serious

irritate v. � � � � � � : ANNOY jog v. � � � �

antidote : poisoning :: balm : irritation jog : exercise :: barter : trade
haunt : familiar/similarity :: harass : irritating
irritate : pacific :: fabricate : ingenuous joke n. � �
balm ↔ irritant joke : punch line :: plot : denouement
pun : joke :: supernova : star
issue n/v. � � /� /� � � � �
: a point or matter of discussion, debate, or dispute jolt vi. � � � � � � �
: a single copy of a periodical jolt : move :: check : stop
: to appear or become available through being officially
put forth or distributed jot vt. � � � � � � �
debate : issue :: bargain : price nip : eat :: jot : write
repartee : retort :: debate : issue jot : write :: skim : read
stanza : line :: volume : issue
 kudos ↔ disparagement
jovial adj. � � � /� � �
jovial ↔ mournful/drab/mormose
saturnine ↔ jovial L
maudlin ↔ jovial
joviality ↔ moroseness

labile adj. � � � � /� � � � � : UNSTABLE

jubilant adj. � � � � :EXULTANT
: readily or continually undergoing chemical, physical, or
dolorous ↔ jubilant
biological change or breakdown
: readily open to change
judicious adj. � � � :DISCREET labile ↔ stable
daft ↔ judicious labile ↔ immutable

juggernaut n. � � � � � � � � � � /� � � � labored adj. (� � )� � � � � /� � �

: a massive inexorable force, campaign, movement, or : lacking ease of expression
object that crushes whatever is in its path glib ↔ labored
juggernaut : unstoppable :: enigma : impenetrable
juggernaut : unstoppable :: extemporization : spontaneous
labyrinth n. � � /� � � : INTRICACY, PERPLEXITY
juggernaut : crush :: quisling : betray
: something extremely complex or tortuous in structure,
siren : unresistant :: juggernaut : unstopptable
arrangement, or character
labyrinthine : simplicity :: jejune : interest(#)
jumble vi. � � � � � � � threadbare/timeworn : novelty :: labyrinthine : directness
: to mix into a confused or disordered mass (#)
mixture : jumble :: ??
laconic adj. � � � /� � � �
justify vt. � � � � � : using or involving the use of a minimum of words :
justify ↔ argue against concise to the point of seeming rude or mysterious
audacious : trepidation :: laconic : aspiration
juxtapose vt. (� � ,� � � � )� � � � � laconic ↔ loquacious
laconic ↔ voluble
laconism ↔ verbosity
voluble ↔ taciturn/laconic/succinct/reticent
K
lambaste vt. � � � � � : CENSURE
: to scold sharply
kangaroo n. � � �
kangaroo : marsupial :: squirrel : rodent
lamentable adj. � � : MOURNFUL
lamentable : pity :: reprehensible : censure
ken n. � � celebration :: lamentful :: slight :: respectful(#)
earshot : hear :: ken : see
laminate v. � � � � � � �
kindle vt. � � � � � /� � � � : AROUSE : to separate into laminae
: to stir up laminate : divide :: ??

kindred n. � � � � /� � � lampoon n. � � �
kindred ↔ unsimilarity : a harsh satire usually directed against an individual
kindred ↔ dissimilar
panegyric : eulogize :: lampoon : satirize
kink n. � � paean ↔ harshly lampoon

kiss vt. � � landfill n. � � � � � �

scowl : displeasure :: kiss : affection cistern : liquids :: landfill : refuse
/hurl : disgust
landlord n. � � � �
knack n. � � /� �
knack ↔ ineptitude/awkwardness
landslide n. � � �
: the usually rapid downward movement of a mass of rock,
knave n. � � � � � earth, or artificial fill on a slope; also : the mass that
: a tricky deceitful fellow moves down
sage : judgement :: knave : deceit droplet : deluge :: pebble : landslide
knave : rogue :: jack : dishonest man
lane n. � � �
knead vt. � � � �
knead : malleable :: penetrate : permeable
languid adj. (� � ,� � )� � � /� � � � : WEAK
: sluggish in character or disposition
knit vi. � � � � /� � � � � languid ↔ energetic
knit : yarn :: study : reconditeness vivacious ↔ languid
ravel ↔ knit
languish v. � � �
knotty adj. � � � � /� � � � � � � � languish ↔ thrive
: so full of difficulties and complications as to be likely to
defy solution
lank adj. � � � � � : SLENDER, THIN
knotty ↔ easy
: not well filled out
knotty ↔ simple
lank ↔ stalwart

kudos n. � � /� �
lapse n. � � � � �
: a slight error typically due to forgetfulness or inattention
lapse : error :: misbehavior : criminality(<)
misdemeanor : crime :: lapse : error(<)
inking : indication :: lapse : error(<)
larder n. � � � � � � : PANTRY
larder : food :: wardrobe : clothes
larder : provisions :: vault : valuables
largesse n. � � � � � /� �
: liberal giving (as of money) to or as if to an inferior
largesse ↔ parsimony
lariat n. � � � : LASSO
lariat : wrangler :: crook : shepherd
lash v. � � � � � � � /� � � �
lash ↔ unbind
lassitude n. � � � : FATIGUE
lassitude ↔ vim/animation
latent adj. � � � � by it
latent ↔ manifest
lathe n. � �
: a machine in which work is rotated about a horizontal
axis and shaped by a fixed tool
lathe : shape :: clasp : fasten
latitude n. (� � ,� � � � ) �
: freedom of action or choice
latitude ↔ strict constraint
laudatory adj. � � �
: expressing or conferring praise
counsel : advice :: laud : homage
execrable ↔ commendable/laudable
pejorative ↔ laudatory
laud ↔ revile/blame
lavish adj/v. � � /� � � /� � �
excoriate ↔ extol/praise lavishly
lavish ↔ mean/hoard
lavish ↔ stint
penurious ↔ lavish
leaden adj. (� � � ) � � � /�
: lacking spirit or animation
leaven vt. � � � � � � � �
: to raise (as bread) with a leaven
distill : purity :: leaven : volume
lectern n. � � �
ledger n. � � �
: a book containing accounts to which debits and credits
are posted from books of original entry
leery adj. � � � � : SUSPICIOUS, WARY
leery ↔ showing no doubt
legacy n. � �
legacy : predecessor :: gift : donor
legend n. � � /� � � � �
: an explanatory list of the symbols on a map or chart
: a person or thing that inspires legends
glossary : text :: legend : map
legendary ↔ obscure
legible adj. � � � � : PLAIN
legible : decipher :: ??
legion n. � �
legion ↔ lack in number
lenient adj. � � � �
lethal adj. � � � � : DEVASTATING
disagreeable : hateful l:: harmful : lethal(<)
lethargy n. � � � /� � � � � �
: the quality or state of being lazy, sluggish, or indifferent
lethergy : energy :: ??
levee n. � �
levee : river :: cordon : crowd
rampart : invasion :: levee : flood
levelheaded adj. � � � � : SENSIBLE
: having sound judgment
levelheaded ↔ foolish
leverage n. � � � � �
: the action of a lever or the mechanical advantage gained
publicity : attention :: leverage : advantage
lexicographer n. � � � � �
cartographer : map :: weaver : cloth
/lexicographer : dictionary
liability n. � � /� �
exempt : liability :: pardon : penalty
� asset ↔ liability
liaison n. � � /� �
liberal adj. � � /� � � : OPENHANDED
nefarious : wickedness :: generous : liberality
liberal ↔ parsimonious
liberalist ↔ enfetterist
libertine n. � � �
: a person who is unrestrained by convention or morality ;
� � � one leading a dissolute life
caviler : carping :: libertine : licentious
libertine : dissolute :: sycophant : obsequious
ludicrous : buffoon :: dissolute : libertine
/humorous : wag
emotion : effusive :: liberty : licentious
� � � /manner : grandiose
libretto n. � � � � �
libretto : opera :: lyrics : song
licentious adj. � � �
caviler : carping :: libertine : licentious
voluble : speech :: licentious : dissoluteness
lien n. � � � �
: a charge upon real or personal property for the
satisfaction of some debt or duty ordinarily arising by
operation of law
lien : claim :: subpoena : command
liken vt. � � � � : COMPARE
liken : similarity :: discriminate : difference
limber adj. � � � : FLEXIBLE
limber : flexibility :: spindly : frailty
limerick n. 5� �
farce : performance :: limerick : poem
limousine n. � � �
mansion : residence :: limousine : automobile
limp adj. � � � � mangy adj. � � � /� � �
limp ↔ firm : having many worn or bare spots
mangy ↔ sleek
limpid adj. � � /� � � : PELLUCID mangy ↔ decorous
limpid ↔ murky
limpid ↔ unclear manic adj. � � � � � �
murky ↔ clear/pellucid/limpid : affected with, relating to, or resembling mania
hidebound : conservative :: manic : interested(>)
linen n. � � �
: thread or yarn spun from flax manumit v. � � � �
clay : porcelain :: flax : linen manumit ↔ enslave
flannel : cloth :: linen : fabric
marshy adj. � �
linoleum n. � � � marshy ↔ arid
varnish : wood :: wax : linoleum
massive adj. � � � �
lithe adj. (� � � � )� � � � � /� � � massive ↔ slight
: characterized by easy flexibility and grace
lithe ↔ awkward master n. � � � �
masterful ↔ inept
lucid adj. � � � /� � � master : experience :: luminary : eminence
lucid ↔ murky/vague
maudlin adj. � � � � � (� � � � )
lug v. (� � � � )� � � : weakly and effusively sentimental
lug : carry = trudge : walk maudlin : sentimental :: peeved : annoyed(=)
maudlin ↔ unsentimental
lung n. �
lung : respire :: tooth : masticate mawkish adj. � � � � � � (� � � � )
: sickly or puerilely sentimental
lush adj. � � � � � mawkish ↔ unsentimental
: growing vigorously especially with luxuriant foliage mawkish : sentiment :: pedantic : scholarship
lush ↔ withered mawkish : sentimental :: stodgy : conservative(>)
mawkish ↔ unsentimental
luxuriant adj. � � � �
luxuriant ↔ spartan meander n. � � � � � /� �

M measly adj. � � � � �
: contemptibly small
measly : contemptibly :: puny : weakly
measly ↔ grand
magnificent adj. � � � /� � �
magnificent ↔ base
measured adj. � � � � /� � � : DELIBERATE
: marked by due proportion
magnanimity n. � � � � measured ↔ reckless
: loftiness of spirit enabling one to bear trouble calmly, to measured ↔ inappropriate
disdain meanness and pettiness, and to display a noble measure : dimension :: analyze : nature
generosity
magnanimity ↔ grudge
meddlesome adj. � � � � � � � �
: inclined to meddle or interfere
malfunction n. � � � �
attentive : meddlesome :: envious : jealous(<)
: failure to function
attentive : meddlesome :: laconic : curt
fail-safe : malfuntion :: ??

meld v. � � � �
malinger v. � � � � �
meld ↔ divide
: to pretend incapacity (as illness) so as to avoid duty or
melded ↔ separate
work
malinger : ail :: flatter : appreciate
parsimony : skimp :: malingering : shirk melodious adj. � � � �
hoard : miser :: shirk : malingery melodious ↔ jarring

malodorous adj. � � � � � mellifluous adj. � � � �

malodorous : smell :: cacophonous : sound mellifluous : sound :: savory : taste
mellifluous ↔ raspy
management n. � � � � /� �
management ↔ ineffectiveness meliorism n. � � �
management ↔ unfettered liberty : the belief that the world tends to become better and that
manageable ↔ intractable/incorrigible humans can aid its betterment
meliorism : progress :: egalitarian : equity
maneuverable adj. � � � � �
maneuverable ↔ intractable membrane n. � � �
pore : membrane :: door : room
cell : membrane :: seed : hull
mangle v. � � � � � /� � � � � � �
: to injure with deep disfiguring wounds by cutting,
tearing, or crushing mendacity n. � � /� �
mangle ↔ praise extravagantly mendacity ↔ honesty/truthfulness
mentor n. � � � � � � �
: a trusted counselor or guide misfortune n. � �
mentor : guidance :: oracle : prophecy boon ↔ misfortune

metaphor n. � � � misgiving n. � � /� �
: a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally misgiving ↔ certainty
denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of
another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them
mishap n. � �
(as in drowning in money);
catastrophe : mishap :: humiliation : embarrassment(>)
metaphor : literal :: ??(#)
?? :: metaphor : description
mislead v. � � � � � �
mislead ↔ disabuse
meteoric adj. � � � �
: resembling a meteor in speed or in sudden and
temporary brilliance misnomer n. � �
fleeting : pass :: meteoric : rise
meteoric : constancy :: archaic : currency(#) misrepresent vt. � � � � �
tamper : adjust :: misrepresent : communicate
mettle n. � � : COURAGE
: vigor and strength of spirit or temperament mite n. � � � � �
insight : discern :: mettle : endure mite : creature :: speck : amount
mettle ↔ craven
mitigate v. � � � � � : ALLEVIATE
milk v. � � � � � � � /� � � � mitigate : severe :: qualify : general
: to draw or coerce profit or advantage from illicitly or to mitigate ↔ exacerbate
an extreme degree
milk : extract :: exploit : utilize(>) mnemonics n. � � �
hygienics : health :: mnemonics : memory
mint v/n. � � � � � � /� � regimen : health :: mnemonics : memory
: to make (as coins) out of metal mnemonics : remember :: staff : walk
: a vast sum or amount
strike : medal :: mint : coin mobility n. � � � : MOVABLE
mint ↔ modicum splint : mobility :: ballast : instability
splint : mobility :: purchase : slippery
minuscule adj/n. � � � � /� � � splint : immobilize :: duct : convey
: very small
: a lowercase letter mockery n. � �
small : minuscule :: moist : saturated(<) diatribe : abuse :: burlesque : mockery
minuscule : letter :: minnow : fish patronize : condescension :: deride : mockery

minutia n. � � � � moderate vt/adj. � � � � /� � � �

: a minute or minor detail exorbitant : moderation :: perfidious : loyalty
minutia ↔ essential moderate : intensify :: extenuate : seriousness

misanthropy n. � � � � � � /� � modicum n. � �
: a hatred or distrust of mankind modicum ↔ mint
misanthropist : humane :: ascetic : voluptuary
molding n. � � � �
miscreant n. � � hem : garment :: ruffle : shirt
: one who behaves criminally or viciously /molding : cabinet

miscreant ↔ saint mollify v. � � � � : APPEASE

mollification : soothe :: indemnity : secure
misbehave vt. � � � � � � mollify : anger :: heart : dejection
castigation : disapproval :: misbehavior : crime mollify ↔ rouse
lapse : error :: misbehavior : criminality(<) mollify ↔ vex
reprobate : misbehave :: sycophant : fawn mollify ↔ rankle
vex/rankle ↔ mollify
mischievous adj. � � � /� � � discommode ↔ pacificate/ease/mollify
: able or tending to cause annoyance, trouble, or minor mollify ↔ antagonize/ire
injury ; irresponsibly playful pique ↔ mollify
insensitive : boor :: mischievous : imp mollify ↔ nettle
tightfisted : parsimonious :: brattish : mischievous(=)
rapscallion : mischievous :: sluggard : lazy mollycoddle vt. � � � � � �
: to surround with an excessive or absurd degree of
misdemeanor n. � � � � /� � � indulgence and attention
crime : misdemeanor :: commitment : decision(>) chide : pillory :: humor : mollycoddle(<)
misdemeanor : crime :: lapse : error(<) mollycoddle ↔ treat harshly

miser n. � � � molt n. � � � : ECDYSIS

miser : munificent :: zealot : blase
miser : parsimonious :: spendthrift : prodigal
miser : hoard :: dandy : preen
/sycophant : fawn /pundit : opine
parsimony : miser :: rebelliousness : insurgent
miser : stingy :: sage : judicious
spendthrift ↔ miser
molt : feathers :: shed : hair
fledging ↔ molt
momentous adj. � � � : IMPORTANT, CONSEQUENTIAL
: of utmost importance ; of outstanding significance or
consequence
atrocious : bad :: momentous : important(>)
 motley ↔ unique
momentum n. � � �
oscillation : swing :: momentum : scooter mottle vt. � � � � � � � �
striated : groove :: mottled/dappled : spot
monotonous adj. � � � � /� � � � � � � mottle ↔ blanch
: uttered or sounded in one unvarying tone : marked by a mottled ↔ homogenous solidary
sameness of pitch and intensity
: tediously uniform or unvarying mournful adj. � � � � � : GLOOMY
monotonous ↔ piebald jovial ↔ mournful

monochromatic adj. � � � movement n. � �

iridescent ↔ monochromatic stanza : poem :: movement : orchestra

monopolize vt. � � � � � � muddy adj. � � � � �

: obscure in meaning
monotone adj. � � � � : MONOTONIC muddy ↔ clear
vociferous ↔ reticent/monotone
muffle vt. (� � � � � )� � �
montage n. � � � plangent ↔ muffled
: a composite picture made by combining several separate
pictures mulish adj. � � �
montage : images :: medley : songs : unreasonably and inflexibly obstinate
zigzag : turns :: montage : images despicable : value :: mulish : flexibility
flexible ↔ mulish
morass n. � � pliant ↔ mulish
: something that traps, confuses, or impedes
morass : irritating :: ?? mull n. � � � � : PONDER

moratorium n. � � � � /� � � � mumble v. � � � � � �
: a legally authorized period of delay in the performance of : to utter with a low inarticulate voice
a legal obligation or the payment of a debt enunciate ↔ mumble
: a suspension of activity
reprieve : punishment :: moratorium : activity mundane adj. � � � /� � � : COMMONPLACE
fast : eat :: moratorium : act : of, relating to, or characteristic of the world
: characterized by the practical, transitory, and ordinary
morbid adj. � � � � /� � � mundane ↔ exotic
: affected with or induced by disease
morbid ↔ wholesome municipality n. � � � � �
mordant adj. � � � : INCISIVE munificent adj. � � � � � �
mordant ↔ genial miser : munificent :: zealot : blase

moribund adj. � � � � /� � � � � mural n. � �

: being in the state of dying : approaching death petrography : rock :: mural : wall
moribund ↔ beginning
moribund ↔ nascent
murky adj. � � � /� � �
: darkly vague or obscure
morose adj. � � � � limpid ↔ murky
: having a sullen and gloomy disposition murky ↔ clear
morose ↔ cheerful pellucid ↔ murky
sanguine ↔ morose
murmur v. � � � � �
mortar n. � � � croon : sing :: murmur : speak
hammer : anvil :: pestle : mortar
mushroom vi. � � � � � � � � � �
mosaic n. � � � � � � : to spring up suddenly or multiply rapidly
mosaic : ceramic :: patchwork : cloth

mosque n. � � � � �
mute vt. � � � � � �
spire : church :: minaret : mosque
mute ↔ amplify

mosquito n. � �
myopia n. � � � � � /� � �
mosquito : netting :: impurity : filter
: a lack of foresight or discernment
: a narrow view of something
motile adj. � � � � myopic ↔ discerning
motility ↔ stasis myopic ↔ prescience

motivate v. � � � � � : IMPEL myriad adj. � � �

exculpatory : absolve :: motivational : stir countless/innumerable/myriad/untold : number
exhortation : motivate :: invective : discredit :: everlasting/interminable : duration
fungi : ecologist :: motivation : psychologist

motley adj. � � � /� � � � �
N
: variegated in color
: composed of diverse often incongruous elements
motley ↔ colorless
nadir n. � �
: the lowest point nip v. � � � � � � : TIPPLE
nadir ↔ summit nip : drink :: jot : write
nadir ↔ acme
nitpick v. � � � � � �
naive adj. � � � : CREDULOUS : to be concerned with or find fault with insignificant
guile : naive :: ?? details
worldly ↔ naive fluent : glib :: meticulous : finicky(<)
nitpick : criticize :: cavil : object(<)
narcissism n. � � � � � nitpicker : criticize :: quibbler : cavil
: love of or sexual desire for one's own body
narcissist : self-absorbed :: sycophant : obsequious nocturnal adj. � � � �
narcissism : love :: guilt : blame(>) diurnal ↔ nocturnal

nascent adj. � � � /� � � noisome adj. � � �

: coming or having recently come into existence noisome ↔ appealing/beneficial/pleasant/healthy
moribund ↔ nascent
nomad n. � � �
natty adj. � � � : SMART : a member of a people who have no fixed residence but
natty ↔ slovenly move from place to place usually seasonally and within a
well-defined territory
nauseate v. � � � � � � � nomad : domicile :: freelancer : employer
vertigo : nauseate :: ??
nominal adj. � � � � /� � � : TRIFLING, INSIGNIFICANT
naysayer n. � � � : existing in name only
concur ↔ naysay : insignificantly small
nominal : significance :: disjunctive : unity
nebulous adj. � � � : INDISTINCT, VAGUE
nebulous ↔ distinct/unambiguous nonchalant adj. � � � /� � � �
nebulous ↔ clear : having an air of easy unconcern or indifference
anonymous : identify :: nonchalant : excite
needy adj. � � � : POVERTY-STRICKEN
affluent ↔ needy noncommittal adj. � � � � � �
: giving no clear indication of attitude or feeling
nefarious adj. � � � : EVIL noncommittal ↔ confirmable
: flagrantly wicked or impious
nefarious : wickedness :: generous : liberality nondescript adj. � � � � � � � /� � � � : DULL,
nefarious ↔ above reproach/virtuous DRAB
nefarious ↔ beyond reproach : belonging or appearing to belong to no particular class or
nefarious ↔ exemplary kind : not easily described
nondescript ↔ conspicuous
negative n. � � �
nonentity n. � � � � � �
negotiate vi. � � � � : a person of little consequence or significance
clog : drainage :: stalemate : negotiations
negotiator : agreement :: ?? dilettante : commitment :: nonentity : consequence

neophyte n. � � � : PROSELYTE nonflammable adj. � � � �

inexperience : neophyte :: irresponsibility : wastrel impervious : friable :: nonflammable : combustible

nepotism n. � � � � nonsense n. � � � � � � �
: favoritism (as in appointment to a job) based on kinship nonsensical : drivel :: pompous : bombast
nepotism : relative :: cronyism : friend
nepotism : favoritism :: embezzlement : fraud nostrum n. � � � � /� � �
: a medicine of secret composition recommended by its
nerve vt. � � � � � � � preparer but usually without scientific proof of its
: to give strength or courage to : supply with physical or effectiveness
moral force
appall ↔ embolden/nerve notch n. V� � �
serrated ↔ without notches/smooth
nestle v. � � � � � � � �
nestle ↔ flinch/recoil/shrink novelty n. � � �
: something new or unusual
nettle v. � � � � � /� � � � � � threadbare/timeworn : novelty :: labyrinthine : directness
imputable : nettle :: ?? (#)
mollify ↔ nettle ballad : stanza :: novel : chapter
banal ↔ novel
nibble v. � � � � � timeworn ↔ novel
quaff : sip :: gobble : nibble
swill : sip :: gobble : nibble noxious adj. � � �
noxious ↔ beneficial
nicety n. � � � /� � � � �
: careful attention to details : delicate exactness nuance n. � � �
: a fine point, small detail, or subtle distinction : a subtle distinction or variation
nicety : precision :: illusion : fantasy nuance : distinction :: hint : suggestion(<)
nicety : distinction :: ? : communication nuance ↔ patent difference
nuance ↔ lack of subtleness : lacking remembrance, memory, or mindful attention
nuanced ↔ patent : lacking active conscious knowledge or awareness
erudite : fathom :: oblivious : neglect
nucleate v. � � � � � � � : CLUSTER oblivious : attentive :: ??
: to form into a nucleus cognizant ↔ oblivious
nucleate ↔ disseminate/scatter oblivious ↔ vigilant
oblivious ↔ mindful
nudge v. (� � � � )� � � � � /� � � � �
: to touch or push gently; especially : to seek the attention obscure adj. � � � /� � � : MYSTERIOUS
of by a push of the elbow : not readily understood or clearly expressed
: to prod lightly : relatively unknown
nudge : push :: ?? celebrity ↔ obscurity
butt : head :: nudge : elbow explicit ↔ obscure
doze : sleepness :: nudge : prod
obsequious adj. � � � � /� � � � �
nurture vt. � � � � : marked by or exhibiting a fawning attentiveness
nurture ↔ withhold sustenance from condescending : patronize :: obsequious : fawn(=)
nurture ↔ disregard libertine : dissolute :: sycophant : obsequious
nurture ↔ stunt frugal : penurious :: deferential : obsequious (<)
narcissist : self absorbed :: sycophant : obsequious
obsequious : attentiveness :: ??
obsequious : fawn :: compliant : yield
O obsequious� servile :: belligerent � assertive(>)
supercilious ↔ obsequious

oafish adj. � � � � : BOOB observatory n. � � �

obdurate adj. � � � � � � � � � /� � �
: stubbornly persistent in wrongdoing
: resistant to persuasion or softening influences
firmness : obdurate :: carefulness : meticulous
energetic : frenetic :: firm : obdurate(<)
penitent : obdurate :: skeptic : credulous(#)
toward ↔ obdurate
conservatory : music :: seminary : theology
/observatory : astronomy
obsess vt. � � � � � � � � � � �
: to haunt or excessively preoccupy the mind of
agonized : distress :: obsessed : concern(>)
firm : intransigent :: concerned : obsessed(<)
obsessed : attracted :: rash : adventurous(>)

obedient adj. � � � � obsolete adj. � � � /� � �

contumacious ↔ obedient : of a kind or style no longer current
imperial ↔ obedient
obedient : � � � � � � � � � � � � � . obstacle n. � � �
compliant : � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � . blandishment : cajole :: obstacle : impede
docile : � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �
obstinate adj. � � � /� � �
obeisance n. � � /� � : DEFERENCE, HOMAGE : perversely adhering to an opinion, purpose, or course in
obeisant ↔ impertinent spite of reason, arguments, or persuasion
obstinate : preserve :: tactless/insensitive : offend
obfuscate v. � � � � � � � : DARKEN unflappable : upset :: obstinate : persuade
: to make so confused or opaque as to be difficult to tractable ↔ insubordinate/intransigent/incorrigible/
perceive or understand obstinate
equivocation : truth :: euphemism : offense
/obfuscation : clarity obstreperous adj. � � � � � � : UNRULY
coward : intimidate :: perplexed : obfuscate : stubbornly resistant to control
obfuscate ↔ elucidate/illuminate/explain clearly obstreperous ↔ disciplined
obfuscate ↔ clarify
obstruct v. � � � � � � � : IMPEDE
obligatory adj. � � � � /� � � : MANDATORY, obstruct : progress :: stunt : growth
REQUIRED obstruct ↔ facilitate
elected : obliged :: ?? occluded ↔ unobstructed
discretionary ↔ obligatory obstructed ↔ unocclude
selective/elective ↔ obligatory
obtuse adj. � � /� � � : INSENSITIVE
obliging adj. � � � : ACCOMMODATING rectitude : transgressive :: keenness : obtuse
: willing to do favors restive : calm :: keen : obtuse
visionary : idealistic :: officious : obliging(>) obtuse ↔ acute/keen

oblique adj. � � � � /� � � � : INDIRECT,OBSCURE obviate vt. � � � � � � �

: not straightforward : to anticipate and prevent (as a situation) or make
: neither perpendicular nor parallel unnecessary (as an action)
oblique ↔ direct emulate : exemplary :: obviate : unnecessary
obviate : unnecessary :: reduce : smaller
obliterate v. � � � � � � �
: to remove utterly from recognition or memory occlude vt. � � /� � � � : OBSTRUCT
inspire : infuse :: obliterate : remove(>) occluded ↔ unobstructed
inter : burial :: obliterate : removal obstructed ↔ unocclude
obliterate : remove :: accommodate : supply
/convey : conduct
occult adj. � � � � � : ABSTRUSE, MYSTERIOUS
: not easily apprehended or understood
oblivious adj. � � � /� � � � /� � � � � � � : not revealed
occult ↔ bare/patent/readily fathomable : unjust or cruel exercise of authority or power
oppression : disagreement :: ??(>)
occurrence n. � �
prodigy : person :: miracle : occurrence opprobrious adj. � � � � /� � � � : SCURRILOUS
: expressive of opprobrium
ode n. � � opprobrious : blameless :: ??
chord : tone :: ode : poem opprobrious ↔ irreproachable
ode : poetry :: spoof : parady
optimization n. 0 � �
odious adj. � � � /� � � � � : an act, process, or methodology of making something (as
: exciting or deserving hatred or repugnance a design, system, or decision) as fully perfect, functional,
blatant : arresting :: odious : disgusting or effective as possible
grating : sound :: acrid : odor optimization : improve :: ??
odious : disgust :: menacing : fear
odious : repugnance :: menacing : fear opulent adj. � � � /� � �
/immovable : stability
hankering ↔ odium oration n. � �
odium ↔ infatuation oration : hear :: novel : see
odium ↔ esteem
orchestra n. � � � � �
offbeat adj. � � � : ECCENTRIC, UNCONVENTIONAL orchestra : musician :: pack : wolf
offbeat ↔ conventional/hackneyed pilot : ship :: conductor : orchestra
stanza : poem :: movement : orchestra
offend v. � � � � � � � � instrumentalist : orchestra :: actor : troupe
deferential : offend :: scornful : respect
equivocation : truth :: euphemism : offense ordinary adj. � � �
/obfuscation : clarity ordinary ↔ miraculous
euphemism : offend :: invulnerability :injure inimitable ↔ ordinary
euphemism : offensive :: aphorism : diffuse
glitch : flaw :: peccadillo : error/sin/offense
original adj. � � � �
intransigent : acquiesce :: deferential : offend
babble : sense :: parrot :: originality
obstinate : preserve :: tactless/insensitive : offend
hodgepodge : uniformity :: cliché : original(#)
pliant : influence :: ticklish : offend
politic : offend :: aloof : associate
remonstrance : dissuade :: syllogism : disprove orthodoxy n. � � /� � �
peccadillo : offense :: cameo : sculpture religion : devoutness :: canon : orthodoxy(=)
dissenter : orthodox :: maverick : group
offhand adj. � � � � : EXTEMPORE
offhand ↔ premeditated oscillate vt. � � � � /� � � �
oscillation : swing :: momentum : scooter
oscillation ↔ imperturbation
officious adj. � � � � � � � � /� � � � � � � :
MEDDLESOME
: volunteering one's services where they are neither asked ornithology n. � � �
nor needed ornithology : eaglet :: astronomy : planet
attentive : officious :: refined : snobbish(<)
officious : meddle :: disaffected : rebel ossify v. � � � � � � �
visionary : idealistic :: officious : obliging(>) : to mold into a rigidly conventional pattern
politic ↔ officious depreciation : value :: ossification : flexible(#)
ossify ↔ transcend conventions
offish adj. � � � � : STANDOFFISH
: somewhat cold and reserved ostensible adj. ( � � � � � � � ) � � � �
offish ↔ sociable : being such in appearance : plausible rather than
demonstrably true or real
opacity n. � � � /� � � ostensible ↔ substantial
opacity : light :: impermeability : fluid
opacity ↔ transparency ostentatious adj. � � � � � � /� � � � �
: marked by or fond of conspicuous or vainglorious and
opaque adj. � � � � /� � � � sometimes pretentious display
: blocking the passage of radiant energy and especially
light ostracism n. � � /� �
: hard to understand or explain : exclusion by general consent from common privileges or
slack : tension :: opaque : translucence social acceptance
diaphanous ↔ opaque
pariah : ostracize :: prisoner : confine
opine vt. � � � � � � ostracize ↔ take in
augur : predict :: pundit : opine ostracize ↔ welcome
ostracize ↔ include/embrace
opportune adj. � � � � � /� � � � �
: suitable or convenient for a particular occurrence oust v. � � � �
: occurring at an appropriate time oust ↔ instate
opportune : convenience :: impermanent : transience(=)
opportune ↔ inconvenient outgoing adj. � � � � : EXTROVERTED
extrovert : outgoing :: perfectionist : exacting
oppose vt. � � � �
oppose : thwart :: treat : cure(<) outmaneuver v. � � � � � � �
: to overcome (an opponent) by artful, clever maneuvering
oppression n. � � outmaneuver ↔ yield
outmoded adj. � � � � � palatable adj. � � � � �
outmoded ↔ original : agreeable to the palate or taste
palatable : savory :: discernible : manifest(=)
overbearing adj. � � �
unassuming ↔ overbearing palatial adj. � � � � /� � �
: of relating to, or being a palace
overdose n. � � � � palatial : hovel :: bucolic : city (#)
: too great a dose (as of a therapeutic agent);
overdose : prescription :: indiscretion : convention palette n. � � � � � �
dose : medicine :: sentence : punishment : a particular range, quality, or use of color
dose : medicine :: current : river palette : color :: repertoire : play

overexposure n. � � � � pall v. � � � � /� � � � �
overexposure : jaded :: vaccination : immune : to lose in interest or attraction
pall ↔ interest/intrigue
overlap vt. � � �
infinite : exhaust :: discrete : overlap(#) palliate v. � � � � � � � � � � : ABATE
: to reduce the violence of (a disease)
overt adj. � � � /� � � � : MANIFEST pain : analgesic :: symptom : palliative
clandestine : secretly :: overt : openly(=) caustic ↔ palliating/genial
shadowy ↔ overt palliate ↔ exacerbate

overture n. � � � : PROPOSAL pallor n. � � : PALENESS

veto : prohibitive :: overture : introductory : deficiency of color especially of the face
overture : introductory :: caveat : warning
palmy adj. � � � � : FLOURISHING
overwhelm vt. � � � � : marked by prosperity
: to overcome by superior force or numbers palmy : prosperity :: draconian : severity
usurp : take :: overwhelm : defeat(>)
palpable adj. � � � /� � � � � � � � :
overwrought adj. � � � � � : AGITATED MANIFEST,TANGIBLE
: easily perceptible by the mind
: capable of being touched or felt
oxymoron n. � � � �
elliptical ↔ palpable
: a combination of contradictory or incongruous words, for
palpable ↔ subtle
exemple “open secret”, “young-old man”
palpability ↔ intangibility
apophasis : claim :: oxymoron : paradox
equivocation : ambiguous :: oxymoron : incongruous
oxymoron : contradictory :: mishap : catastrophic palter vi. � � � � � � � � : EQUIVOCATE
: to act insincerely or deceitfully
palter : candor :: budge : diehard
palter ↔ candor
P
paltry adj. � � � : INFERIOR, TRASHY, TRIVIAL
: lacking in importance or worth
pacify vt. � � � � � : SOOTHE paltry ↔ significant/important
: to allay the anger or agitation of
solace : grief :: pacification : anger pan n. � �
rankle ↔ pacify : a harsh criticism
tantrum ↔ pacification rave ↔ pan
vex ↔ pacify/appease/soothe
discommode ↔ pacificate/ease/mollify
panache n. � � : VERVE
: dash or flamboyance in style and action
pack n. � � � panache ↔ humility
: group of animals, such as dogs or wolves, that run and panache ↔ unremarkable behavior
hunt together
orchestra : musician :: pack : wolf
pandemonium n. � � � (� � � ) : TUMULT
: a wild uproar
pact n. � � /� � : COMPACT pandemonium ↔ serenity
: an international treaty
pander v. � � � � � � � /� � � �
padding n. � � � : to act as a pander ; to provide gratification for others'
: material with which something is padded desires
padding : damage :: disguise : recognition
padding : damage :: dam : flood
panegyric n. � �
padding : damage :: levee : flooding
: a eulogistic oration or writing; also :formal or elaborate
praise
paean n. � � : ENCOMIUM, TRIBUTE panegyric : eulogize :: lampoon : satirize
: a joyous song or hymn of praise, tribute, thanksgiving, or panegyric : praise :: valediction : farewell
triumph panegyric ↔ anathema
paean ↔ harshly lampoon panegyric ↔ condemnation
panegyric ↔ denunciation
painstaking adj. � � �
: taking pains ; expending, showing, or involving diligent panorama n. � �
care and effort : an unobstructed or complete view of an area in every
cursory ↔ painstakingly thorough direction
panoramic ↔ narrow
pantechnicon n. � � � � �
: a usually enclosed wagon or motortruck used for
transportation of goods or animals
pantechnicon : furniture :: ??
pantry n. � � � � � �
: a room (as in a hotel or hospital) for preparation of foods
on order
pantry : food :: armory : weapons
pantry : food :: closet (wardrobe) : clothes
parable n. � �
: a usually short fictitious story that illustrates a moral
attitude or a religious principle
parable : story :: homily : lecture
paradigmatic adj. � � � � : EXAMPLE, PATTERN
:an outstandingly clear or typical example or archetype
paradigm : imitate :: reverence : regard
paradox n. � � � � /� �
: a statement that is seemingly contradictory or opposed
to common sense and yet is perhaps true
apophasis : claim :: oxymoron : paradox
paradox : contradictory :: epigram : wise
paradoxical ↔ congruent/common
paragon n/v. � � /~ � � � � �
: a model of excellence or perfection
: to compare with ; to put in rivalry
paragon : admire :: pariah : contempt
paragon : imitate :: reverence : regard
paragon : mediocrity :: ??
travesty ↔ paragon
parallel adj. � � �
: extending in the same direction, everywhere equidistant,
and not meeting
paramount adj. 0 � � /� � � : SUPREME
: superior to all others
painful : agonizing :: important : paramount(<)
ancillary ↔ paramount
paranoia n. � � �
: a tendency on the part of an individual or group toward
excessive or irrational suspiciousness and distrustfulness
of others
enthusiasm : mania :: suspicion : paranoia
paraphrase v. � � � � �
: to make a restatement of a text, passage, or work giving
the meaning in another form
paraphrase : verbatim :: approximate : precise(#)
parch vi. � � � � �
: to dry or shrivel with cold
steep ↔ parch
pariah n. � � � � �
: a social outcast
paragon : admire :: pariah : contempt
pariah : ostracize :: prisoner : confine
parity n. � �
: the quality or state of being equal or equivalent
parity ↔ inequality/incommensurateness
parlance n. � � : IDIOM
: manner or mode of speech
gait : walk :: parlance : speak
parochial adj. � � � /� � �
: confined or restricted as if within the borders of a
parish:limited in range or scope (as to a narrow area or
region)
parody n. � �
: a literary or musical work in which the style of an author
or work is closely imitated for comic effect or in ridicule
parody : style :: mime : gesture
ode : poetry :: spoof : parody
parquetry n. (� � ) � � � � � �
: work in the form of usually geometrically patterned wood
laid or inlaid especially for floors
fresco : wall :: parquetry : floor
parrot v. � � � � � � � � �
: to repeat by rote
babble : sense :: parrot : originality
parry v. � � � � � /� � � �
: to evade especially by an adroit answer
duty : shirk :: question : parry
parry : question :: deflect : critic
parse v. � � � � � � �
: to resolve (as a sentence) into component parts of
speech and describe them grammatically
scan : metrical :: parse : grammatical
specimen : dissect :: sentence : parse
parsimony n. � � : THRIFT
: the quality of being careful with money or resources
craven : hero :: parsimonious : spendthrift
curt : words :: parsimonious : resource
miser : parsimonious :: spendthrift : prodigal
parsimonious : save :: prodigal : spend
parsimony : skimp :: malingering : shirk
parsimonious : spend :: peremptory : fawn
parsimony : miser :: rebellious : insurgent
parsimony : frugality :: hubris : pride(>)
tightfisted : parsimonious :: brattish : mischievous(=)
parsimonious : profligacy :: impetuous : hesitance (#)
parsimonious : liberal :: obtuse : keen(#)
patriot : country :: partisan : course
largesse ↔ parsimony
liberal ↔ parsimonious
parsimonious ↔ wasteful
profligate ↔ parsimonious
parsimonious ↔ prodigal
partiality n. � � : BIAS
: the quality or state of being partial
particularize v. � � � � � � : SPECIFY
: to state in detail
illustrate : pictures :: particularize : details
partisan n. � � �
: a firm adherent to a party, faction, cause, or person;
especially:one exhibiting blind, prejudiced, and
unreasoning allegiance
authoritativeness : pundits :: allegiance : partisans
patriot : country :: partisan : course
passionate adj. � � � � /� � � �
: capable of, affected by, or expressing intense feeling
pastiche n. � � � �
: a literary, artistic, musical, or architectural work that
imitates the style of previous work
pastiche ↔ original work
patent adj. � � � : OBVIOUS
: readily visible or intelligible
abstruse ↔ accessible/patent
nuance ↔ patent difference
occult ↔ bare/patent
patent ↔ not evident
recondite ↔ patent
pathology n. � � /� � � peeve v. � � � � � � : ANNOY
: something abnormal,deviation from propriety or from an : to make peevish or resentful
assumed normal state of something nonliving or pontificating : condescending :: peeved : annoyed(=)
nonmaterial maudlin : sentimental :: peeved : annoyed(=)
pathological ↔ normal placate ↔ peeve

patina n. � � � � pejorative adj. � � � � : DEPRECIATORY

: a superficial covering or exterior : having negative connotations; especially :tending to
patina ↔ essential quality disparage or belittle
pejorative ↔ laudatory
patriot n. � � �
: one who loves his or her country and supports its pellucid adj. � � � � � � � �
authority and interests : easy to understand
patriot : country :: partisan : course venial : excuse :: pellucid : understand
pellucid ↔ murky
patronize vt. � � � � � � � � murky ↔ clear/limpid
: to adopt an air of condescension toward ;treat haughtily
or coolly penalty n. � � /� �
condescending : patronize :: obsequious : fawn : the suffering in person, rights, or property that is
patronize : condescension :: deride : mockery annexed by law or judicial decision to the commission of a
patronizing : condescending :: peeved : annoyed(=) crime or public offense
exempt : liability :: pardon : penalty
paucity n. � � /� � : FEWNESS
: smallness of number penchant n. � � /� � : LIKING
paucity ↔ slew : a strong and continued inclination
profusion ↔ paucity drawdrel : penchant :: ??
penchant ↔ aversion
paunchy adj. � � � � � penchant ↔ dislike
: having an enlarged, swollen, or protruding abdomen
svelte ↔ paunchy and awkward penetrate vt. � � � �
: to pass into or through
pauper n. � � � impervious : penetrate :: ineluctable : avoid
: a person destitute of means except such as are derived knead : malleable :: penetrate : permeable
from charity
pauper : ostracize :: ?? pensive adj. � � � � � /� � �
: musingly or dreamily thoughtful
pebble n. � � �
: a small usually rounded stone especially when worn by penury n. � �
the action of water : a cramping and oppressive lack of resources (as money);
droplet : deluge :: pebble : landslide especially :severe poverty
incognizance : knowledgeable :: penury : wealthy
peccadillo n. � � � penury ↔ affluence
: a slight offense penurious ↔ lavish
glitch : flaw :: peccadillo : error/sin/offense
peccadillo : sin :: admonishment : castigation(<) perceptible adj. � � � � � �
peccadillo : offense :: cameo : sculpture : capable of being perceived especially by the senses
peccadillo : offense :: cameo : role relevant : crucial :: perceptible : obvious(<)

peck n. � � � � � peremptory adj. � � � � /� � � �

: a quick light kiss
peck : kiss :: glance : look
peck : kiss :: peep : sound
pedagogue n. � � � � � � � � �
: a dull, formal, or pedantic teacher
stickler : exact :: pedagogue : indoctrinate
pedant n. � � � (� � � � � )
: one who exhibits one's learning or scholarship
ostentatiously
martinet : discipline :: pedant : learning
mawkish : sentiment :: pedantic : scholarship
scholarly : pedantic :: modest : prudish(<)
moralistic : principled :: pedantic : learned(>)
outspoken : saucy : erudite : pedantic
pedantic : scholar :: histrionic : actor
: characterized by often imperious or arrogant self-
assurance
parsimonious : spend :: peremptory : fawn
peremptory ↔ open to challenge
perennial adj. � � � � � �
: lasting or active through the year or through many years
perennial ↔ fleeting
perfidy n. � � : TREACHERY
: the quality or state of being faithless or disloyal
exorbitant : moderation :: perfidious : loyalty(#)
perfidious ↔ faithful/loyal/trustworthful
perforate v. ~� � � � � �
: : to pass through or into by or as if by making a hole
perforate : hole :: pleat : fold

pedestrian adj. � � � /� � � � : COMMONPLACE, perfunctorily adv. � � � � /� � � �

UNIMAGINATIVE : lacking in interest or enthusiasm
pedestrian ↔ inspired perfunctorily : inspiration :: insolently : veneration
pedestrian ↔ imaginative
pedestrian ↔ uncommon
perimeter n. � �
: the boundary of a closed plane figure
peep n. � � � � country : border :: circle : perimeter
: uttering the slightest sound
peck : kiss :: peep : sound
peripatetic adj. � � � � � � : ITINERANT
: moving or traveling from place to place
peripatetic ↔ stationary/rooted
peripheral adj. � � � /� � �
: of relating to, involving, or forming a periphery or surface
part
immaterial : relevance :: peripheral : center(#)
crux ↔ peripheral element
peripheral ↔ central/in essence
periphery ↔ core
perjury n. � �
: the voluntary violation of an oath or vow either by
swearing to what is untrue or by omission to do what has
been promised under
oath : false swearing :: perjury : deposition(#)
calumny : assertion :: perjury : testimony(#)
perjure ↔ depose
permanence n. � � : DURABILITY
: the quality or state of being permanent
evanescent : permanence :: archaic : currency(#)
heroic : craven :: erratic : permanent(#)
opportune : convenience :: impermanent : transience
ephemeral ↔ permanent/perpetual
extinction ↔ perpetuation
interim ↔ permanent
transience ↔ permanence
permeable adj. � � � � : PENETRABLE
: capable of being permeated ; especially :having pores or
openings that permit liquids or gases to pass through
knead : malleable :: penetrate : permeable
opacity : light :: impermeability : fluid
waterproof ↔ permeable
permissivist n. � � � � � � : TOLERANT
: granting or tending to grant permission
pernicious adj. � � � � : DEADLY
: highly injurious or destructive
pernicious : injure :: disingenuous : mislead
perpetual adj. � � � : EVERLASTING
: continuing forever
ephemeral ↔ permanent/perpetual
extinction ↔ perpetuation
persecute vt. � � � �
: to harass in a manner designed to injure, grieve, or
afflict; specifically :to cause to suffer because of belief
persecute : injure :: haunt : remember
persevere vi. � � � /� � � �
: to persist in a state, enterprise, or undertaking in spite of
counter influences, opposition, or discouragement
obstinate : preserve :: tactless/insensitive : offend
persevere ↔ give up
persiflage n. � � /� � : BANTER
: frivolous bantering talk ; light raillery
exhortation : motivate :: persiflage : incite
personable adj. � � � � : ATTRACTIVE
: pleasant or amiable in person
personable ↔ unattractive
perspective n. � �
: a mental view or prospect
perspicacious adj. � � � � � : KEEN
: of acute mental vision or discernment
perspicacious ↔ obtuse/undiscerned
perspicuity n. � �
: plain to the understanding especially because of clarity
and precision of presentation
perspicuous ↔ dull
pertinacious adj. � � � /� � � �
: adhering resolutely to an opinion, purpose, or design
: stubbornly unyielding or tenacious
inexperience : green :: pertinacity : refractory
pertinacious ↔ tractable/pliable
pertinacity ↔ vacillation
pertinacious ↔ irresolute
pertinent adj. � � � �
: having a clear decisive relevance to the matter in hand
pertinent : relevance :: redundant : superfluity
immaterial ↔ pertinent/relevant
pertinent ↔ irrelevant
pertinence ↔ lack of relevance
perturb vt. � � � � � � /� � � � : DISQUIET
: to disturb greatly in mind
impassive : perturb :: voracious : satisfy
stoic : perturb :: avaricious : satisfy
perturbation ↔ serenity/equanimity
pervade vt. � � � � �
: to become diffused throughout every part of
pervasive ↔ not widely distrubdted
pessimism n. � � � �
: an inclination to emphasize adverse aspects, conditions,
and possibilities or to expect the worst possible outcome
pesticide n. � � �
: a chemical used to kill pests, especially insects
insect : pesticide :: plant : herbicide
pestle n. � � � �
: a usually club-shaped implement for pounding or
grinding substances in a mortar
hammer : anvil :: pestle : mortar
pestle : grind :: flint stone : sharpen
/spice : flavor /whetstone : sharpen /spoon : stir
awl : pierce :: pestle : hash
petition v. � � /� � � � : SOLICIT
: to make a request to
minion : dependent :: groveler : petitionary
petrography n. � � � � �
: the description and systematic classification of rocks
petrography : rock :: mural : wall
petulance n. � � � /� � � : PEEVISHNESS
: the quality or state of being petulant
phenomenal adj. � � � � � /� � � � : EXTRAORDINARY,
REMARKABLE
phenomenal ↔ ordinary
phenomenal ↔ unexceptional/commonplace
philanthropic adj. � � � � � : HUMANITARIAN
: of relating to or characterized by philanthropy
philanthropist : beneficence :: comedian : humor
resourceful : inventiveness :: philanthropic : geniality
philanthropist : eleemosynary :: ??
philistine n. � � � � /� �
: a smug, ignorant, especially middle-class person who is
regarded as being indifferent or antagonistic to artistic and
cultural values
philistine ↔ aesthete
philosophical adj. � � � /� � � �
phlegmatic adj. � � � /� � � : IMPASSIVE
: having or showing a slow and stolid temperament
intractable : manage :: phlegmatic : provoke
phlegmatic : arouse :: ?? cornucopia ↔ lack/pittance
phlegmatic ↔ unsettled pittance ↔ crop
phlegmatic ↔ spirited
phlegmatic ↔ vivacious placate vt. � � � : APPEASE
phlegmatic ↔ sprightly : to soothe or mollify especially by concessions
inalienable : surrendered :: implacable : propitiated
piddling adj. � � � /� � � : TRIVIAL, PALTRY galling ↔ placating
restive : calmness :: piddling : considerable(#) placate ↔ peeve/rile
placate ↔ antagonize
pigment n. � � placate ↔ disconcert
: a coloring matter in animals and plants especially in a placate ↔ surprise
cell or tissue
albino : pigment :: prairie : tree placebo n. � � � �
: an inert or innocuous substance used especially in
pilfer v. � � � controlled experiments testing the efficacy of another
: to steal stealthily in small amounts and often again and substance (as a drug)
again placebo : innocuous :: salve : unctuous
abscond : depart :: pilfer : take placebo : painkiller :: backdrop : vista
placebo : innocuous :: venom : toxious
pillar n. � � : POST
: a slender, freestanding, vertical support plagiarize v. � � � � /� � � �
colonnade : pillar :: queue : person : to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as
stockade : enclosure :: pillar : support one's own ; use (another's production) without crediting
derelict ↔ pillar of society the source
plagiarism : ideas :: rustling : cattle
pillory v. � � � � � � � /� � � � � � � �
: to set in a pillory as punishment plangent adj. � � � � � /� � � �
: to expose to public contempt, ridicule, or scorn : having a loud reverberating sound
plangent ↔ muffled
admonish : denounce :: punish : pillory
chide : pillory :: humor : mollycoddle pliant adj. � � � � �
pillory ↔ exalt : easily influenced
pliant : influence :: ticklish : offend
pliant ↔ unyielding/mulish
pilot n. � � � : HELMSMAN
pliable ↔ difficult to crumble
: one employed to steer a ship
pliable : crumbled :: lucid : comprehended
pilot : ship :: conductor : orchestra

plod v. � � � � � � � � �
pine vi. � � � �
plod ↔ flit
: to yearn intensely and persistently especially for
plodding ↔ easy and light
something unattainable
longing : pine :: remorse : rue
pluck n/v. � � /� � /� � � � � � �
: courageous readiness to fight or continue against odds
pinnacle n. � �
: to play by sounding the strings with the fingers or a pick
: an upright architectural member generally ending in a
: to move, remove, or separate forcibly or abruptly
small spire and used especially in Gothic construction to
pluck ↔ cowardice
give weight especially to a buttress
plucky ↔ craven
pinnacle ↔ nadir/lowest point
pluck ↔ insert
horn : blow :: harp : pluck
pinpoint n. � � � � /� � � � �
: something that is extremely small or insignificant
plumb vt. � � � � � /� � � � � � �
: extremely fine or precise
: to measure the depth of with a plumb
: to examine minutely and critically
piquant adj. � � � : SPICY assess : value :: plumb : depth
: agreeably stimulating to the palate measure : dimensions :: calibrate : diameter
gauge : pressure :: plumb : depth
pique v. � � � � � /� � � � plumb : depth :: survey : poll
: to arouse anger or resentment in unplumbed : depth :: vagary : prediction
pique ↔ mollify plumb ↔ examine cursorily

pith n. � � /� � plummet v. � � � � � � � /� � � �
: the essential part : to drop sharply and abruptly
pith ↔ unimportant point/superficial element/insignificant fall/descend : plummet :: move : dart
part plummet : ascend :: ??
plummet ↔ raise rapidly
pithy adj. � � � � � � � � �
: having substance and point : tersely cogent plump adj. � � �
pithiness : aphorism :: exaggeration : caricature : having a full rounded usually pleasing form
pithy ↔ prolix svelte ↔ plump

pitiless adj. � � � � : MERCILESS plurality n. � � � /� �

: devoid of pity : the state of being numerous

pittance n. � � polarize v. � � � � �
: a small portion, amount, or allowance; also :a meager : to break up into opposing factions or groupings
wage or remuneration polarized ↔ make compatible
pittance : allowance :: rivulet : stream
polemic n. � �
: an aggressive attack on or refutation of the opinions or
principles of another
polemic : disputatious :: invective : abusive(>)
polemical ↔ compromising/conciliatory
polish n/v. � � /� � � � � � /� � � �
: highly developed, finished, or refined
rustic ↔ polished
untutored ↔ polished
gaucheness ↔ polish
politic adj. � � � � /� � �
: characterized by shrewdness in managing, contriving, or
dealing
: shrewdly tactful
politic : offend :: aloof : associate
politic ↔ unsophisticated
politic ↔ officious
politic ↔ injudicious
pollster n. � � � � �
: one that conducts a poll or compiles data obtained by a
poll
exponent : advocate :: pollster : canvass
pollyanna n. � � � � � � � � �
pompous adj. � � � /� � � : ARROGANT
: having or exhibiting self-importance
nonsensical : drivel :: pompous : bombast
pontificate : pompous :: scoff : derisive
/drawl : slow /bluster : loud /prate : aimless
ponderous adj. � � � /� � �
: of very great weight
: unwieldy or clumsy because of weight and size
: oppressively or unpleasantly dull
ponderous ↔ ethereal/gossamer/lively
slight ↔ ponderous
ponderous ↔ lively/vibrant/briskly
ponderous ↔ graceful and light
pontificate v. � � � � � � � � � � �
: to speak or express opinions in a pompous or dogmatic
way
pontificate : pompous :: scoff : derisive
/drawl : slow /bluster : loud /prate:aimless
pontificate : speak :: strut : walk
pontificate : speak :: swagger : walk
pontificating : condescending :: peeved : annoyed(=)
pontificate : dogmatic :: ??
pontificate ↔ comment tentatively/suggest diffidently
pontifical ↔ humble/meek
porcelain n. � �
clay : porcelain :: flax : linen
glaze : porcelain :: varnish : wood
glaze : porcelain :: veneer : furniture
pore n. � � /� �
: a minute opening especially in an animal or plant;
especially :one by which matter passes through a
membrane
pore : membrane :: door : room
porous adj. � � � � /� � � �
: capable of being penetrated
fragile : break :: porous : penetrate
porous : liquid :: transparent : light
porous ↔ impenetrable
portentous adj. � � � � /� � � : PRODIGIOUS
: eliciting amazement or wonder
portentous ↔ regular
portrait n. � � �
portrait : painting :: jazz : music
portrait : painting :: biography : history
portrait : person :: seascape : ocean
poseur n. � � � � �
: a person who pretends to be what he or she is not:an
: PERFECT affected or insincere person
poseur : sincerity :: recluse : gregariousness
poseur ↔ sincere person
stickler : derelict :: poseur : unaffected
posit v. � � � � : POSTULATE
: to assume or affirm the existence of
posit ↔ deny as false
posterity n. � �
: the offspring of one progenitor to the furthest generation
postulate v. ~� � � � � � � �
: to assume or claim as true, existent, or necessary ;
depend upon or start from the postulate of
postulate ↔ deny as false
posture n. � � � � � � : ATTITUDINIZE
: an artificial or pretended attitude
posturer : unaffected :: bigot : tolerant
posture ↔ behave naturally
potable adj. � � � � � �
: suitable for drinking
potable : beverage :: habitable : dwelling
potentate n. � � �
: one who wields great power or sway
virtuoso : skill :: potentate : power
potentate ↔ subject
potentate ↔ powerless person
potentiate v. � � � � � �
: to make effective or active or more effective or more
active
deactivate ↔ potentiate
pout v. � � � � � � � � �
: to show displeasure by thrusting out the lips or wearing
a sullen expression
wince : pain :: smile : pleasure
/pout : displeasure /sneer : contempt
pout ↔ grin
prairie n. � � �
: one of the dry treeless plateaus redominantly in grass
albino : pigment :: prairie : tree
prate vi. � � � � : CHATTER
: to talk long and idly
pontificate : pompous :: scoff : derisive
/drawl : slow /bluster : loud /prate : aimless
prate : speak :: saunter : walk
preach v. � � � �
precarious adj. � � � /� � � � �
: characterized by a lack of security or stability that
threatens with danger
precarious : stability :: spent : efficacy
precarious ↔ secure/stable/safe
precedent n/adj. � � /� � �
: prior in time, order, arrangement, or significance
preempt : precedence :: acquire : possession
unexceptionable : opposition :: unique : precedent
unique : precedent :: infinite : end
precipice n. � � /� �
: a very steep or overhanging place
precipice : steepness :: defile : narrowness
 unprepossessing ↔ entrancing/winsome
precipitate v. � � � �
: to bring about especially abruptly preposterous adj. � � � � � � /� � � � : ABSURD
precipitate ↔ retard/dilatory : contrary to nature, reason, or common sense
precipitate ↔ deliberate preposterous ↔ commonsensical

precipitation n. � � (� )� presage vt. � � /� � � � � : FORETELL, PREDICT

: something precipitated ; as a deposit on the earth of hail, : to give an omen or warning of
mist, rain, sleet, or snow harbinger : presage :: archetype : exemplify
snow : precipitation :: hurricane : cyclone
prescription n. � �
precipitous adj. � � � � � � /� � � � overdose : prescription :: indiscretion : convention
: very steep, perpendicular, or overhanging in rise or fall
plateau : precipitous :: ?? presentiment n. � � : PREMONITION
precipitous ↔ level : a feeling that something will or is about to happen
precipitous ↔ gradually sloping
preservative n. � � �
precursor n. � � � /� � : an additive used to protect against decay, discoloration,
: one that precedes and indicates the approach of another or spoilage
precursory ↔ derivative
precursor ↔ sequel
precursor ↔ sequela censorship : communication :: preservative : decay
preservative� decay :: anchor � drifting
predecessor n. � � /� � �
: one that precedes; especially :a person who has presumptuous adj. � � � � � /� � � � �
previously occupied a position or office to which another : overstepping due bounds (as of propriety or courtesy) :
has succeeded taking liberties
legacy : predecessor :: gift : donor transgression : morality :: presumption : propriety
presumptuous : unruly :: ??
predilection n. � �
: an established preference for something pretense n. � � /� � �
predilection ↔ propensity to dislike pretense : deceive :: admonition : reprove

preeminent adj. � � � � : OUTSTANDING prevail vi. � � � � : TRIUMPH

: having paramount rank, dignity, or importance prevail ↔ yield
preeminence : importance :: preponderance : weight
prevalent adj. � � � � : WIDESPREAD
preempt v. � � � � prevalent ↔ unusual
: take precedence over
preempt : precedence :: acquire : possession prevaricate vi. � � � � � : EQUIVOCATE
: to deviate from the truth
preen v. � � � � /� � � � : PRIMP blandishment : coax :: prevarication : deceive
: to dress or smooth (oneself) up equivocation : clarity :: prevarication : truth
ingenuous : dissemble :: raffish : preen
/polite : snub prime adj/n. 0 � � /� � �
miser : hoard :: dandy : preen prime ↔ uninitial
/sycophant : fawn /pundit : opine
preen ↔ ruffle primordial adj. 0 � �
: first created or developed ; existing in or persisting from
preface n. � � the beginning
: the introductory remarks of a speaker or author primordial ↔ most recent
preface ↔ epilogue
prefatory ↔ conclusive primp v. � � � � � � � �
: to dress, adorn, or arrange in a careful or finicky manner
pregnant adj. � � � � � /� � � : INVENTIVE primp : vain :: gloat : smug
: abounding in fancy, wit, or resourcefulness
: rich in significance or implication principal adj. � � � : CHIEF
inane ↔ expressive/meaningful/pregnant/significant/ principal ↔ subordinate
weighty
prissy adj. � � � � � : FINICKY
preliminary adj. � � � �
: coming before and usually forming a necessary prelude
pristine adj. � � � � � � /� � � : PURE
to something else
pristine : decay :: stable : fluctuation
demanding : satisfactory :: adulterate : pristine(#)
premeditated adj. � � � � � squalid ↔ pristine
: characterized by fully conscious willful intent and a pristine ↔ taint
measure of forethought and planning
offhand ↔ premeditated
spontaneous ↔ premeditate
privilege n. � � : PREROGATIVE

probe v. � � � � � � �
preponderant adj. � � � /� � � �
: to search into and explore with great thoroughness
: having superior weight, force, or influence
cavil : criticize :: probe : investigate(=)
preeminence : importance :: preponderance : weight
preponderant ↔ commensurate/secondary
probity n. � � /� � : UPRIGHTNESS
probity ↔ unscrupulousness
prepossessing adj. � � � � : ATTRACTIVE
probity ↔ shiftiness
: tending to create a favorable impression
proclivity n. � � propensity n. � �
proclivity ↔ aversion : an often intense natural inclination or preference
propensity ↔ aversion
procrastinate v. � � � � �
: to put off intentionally the doing of something that propitious adj. � � � � /� � �
should be done : presenting favorable circumstances
dilatory : procrastinate :: malcontent : complain propitious ↔ unfavorable
husbandry : dissipate :: alacrity : procrastinate(#)
procrastination ↔ diligence prophetic adj. � � � � : PREDICTIVE

procure vt. � � � � propitiate vt. � � � /� � � � � : APPEASE, CONCILIATE

procure ↔ relinquish : to gain or regain the favor or good will of
immutable : altered :: implacable : propitiated(#)
prod n/vt. � � � � � /� � � � : STIR inalienable : surrendered :: implacable : propitiated
doze : sleepness :: nudge : prod propitiate ↔ incense
rein ↔ prod propitiate ↔ antagonize
propitiate ↔ denounce
prodigal adj. � � � � : LAVISH
mean : prodigality :: meek : arrogance proposal n. � �
miser : parsimonious :: spendthrift : prodigal
parsimonious : save :: prodigal : spend prosaic adj. � � � � /� � � � � : DULL, UNIMAGINATIVE,
husbandry ↔ prodigality EVERYDAY, ORDINARY
parsimonious ↔ prodigal prosaic ↔ exceptional/imaginary/exciting
prodigal ↔ frugal prosaic ↔ preternatual

prodigy n. � � /� � � � proscribe v. � � � � : PROHIBIT

: a highly talented child or youth proscribed ↔ permitted
: something extraordinary or inexplicable proscription ↔ permission
prodigy : person :: miracle : occurrence
?? :: mediocrity : prodigy
prosecution n. � �
prodigious ↔ slight
mediation : compromise :: prosecution : conviction

profane v. � � � � � � : DESECRATE
proselytize vt. � � � � �
: to treat (something sacred) with abuse, irreverence, or
: to induce someone to convert to one's faith
contempt
hunter : quarry :: proselytizer : convert
pierce : impenetrable :: profane : inviolable(#)
salesperson : buy :: proselytizer� convert
inviolable ↔ profane/impure
swindler : cheat :: proselytizer : convert
proffer v. � � � � : TENDER, OFFER
prospect v. ( � � � )� � � � �
proffer ↔ retain
: to explore an area especially for mineral deposits
prospect : mineral :: investigate : information
profligate adj. � � � /� � � � : PRODIGAL
profligate : solvent :: mercurial : committed(#)
prosperous adj. � � � � : PALMY
garrulous : words :: profligate : money
palmy : prosperity :: draconian : severity(=)
loquacious : word :: profligate : money
impecunious ↔ wealthy/prosperous/affluent
profligate ↔ parsimonious/frugal
prosperous ↔ depressed
provident ↔ profligate
barren ↔ profligate
prostrate adj. � � �
prostrate ↔ erect
profusion n. � �
profusion ↔ paucity
profuse ↔ scanty protagonist n. � � �

proliferate v. � � � � protean adj. � � � � /� � � � � : VERSATILE

: to grow by rapid production of new parts, cells, buds, or circular : asymmetrical :: protean : rigid(#)
offspring protean ↔ static
proliferate ↔ dwindle
protest v. � � � � /� � � �
prolix adj. � � � � � /� � � protest : dissuade :: supplicate : entreat(>)
: marked by or using an excess of words
pithy ↔ prolix protocol n. � � � �
prolixity ↔ succinctness : a code prescribing strict adherence to correct etiquette
taciturn ↔ prolix and precedence (as in diplomatic exchange and in the
military services)
prolong vt. � � � protocol : blunder :: bumper : damage
prolong ↔ truncate grammer : language :: protocol : conduct

prominent adj. � � � � : CONSPICUOUS protract v. � � � � : CONTINUE

promote vt. � � � � � /�
abate ↔ intensify/promote
subside ↔ promote
protract : length :: throng : number
protract ↔ curtail
� � � � : FURTHER
protract ↔ truncate
summary ↔ protracted

protuberant adj. � � � /� � � : PROMINENT

propagate vt. � � � � � /� � � : EXTEND
protuberant ↔ depressed
propagate ↔ check
provident adj. � � � � � � � : FRUGAL, SAVING : marked by or concerned about precise accordance with
provident ↔ profligate the details of codes or conventions
punctilious ↔ remiss
providential adj. � � � � � /� � �
providential ↔ unfortunate/mishap pundit n. � � � : CRITIC
: one who gives opinions in an authoritative manner
provincial adj/n. � � � (� ) : NARROW augur : predict :: pundit : opine
bigot : tolerant :: provincial : cosmopolitan authoritativeness : pundits :: allegiance : partisans
provincial ↔ ecumenical miser : hoard :: dandy : preen
/sycophant : fawn /pundit : opine
pundit : opinion :: augur : prediction
provisional adj. � � � � : TEMPORARY
definitive ↔ provisional
pungent adj. � � � /� � � : CAUSTIC
: marked by a sharp incisive quality
provisory adj. � � � � : CONDITIONAL
pungency ↔ blandness
provisory ↔ unconditional

puny adj. � � � /� � � : WEAK

provoke vt. � � � � : EVOKE
: slight or inferior in power, size, or importance
choleric ↔ difficult to provoke
measly : contemptibly :: puny : weakly
jejune ↔ thought provoking
puny ↔ enormous
suppress : stimulate :: calm : provoke(#)

purgatory n. � � � � �
prowess n. � � /� � � � �
: a place or state of temporary suffering or misery
prowess ↔ timidity

prude n. � � � � � � � �
fanatic : devoted :: prude : proper purity n. � � /� �
mosquito : netting :: impurity : filter
stickler : approximation/imprecision :: purist : adulteration
prudent adj. � � � : DISCREET
synopsis : conciseness :: distillate : purity
prudence : daredevil :: sagacity : simpleton
winnow : chaff :: filter : impurities
fool ↔ prudent
winnow : grain :: purify : water
distill : purity :: leaven : volume
prudish adj. � � � � � � : PRIGGISH alloy : purity :: thinness : density(#)
scholarly : pedantic :: modest : prudish inviolable ↔ profane/impure

prune n. � � � � purlieu n. � � � � � � : HAUNT

prune : plum :: raisin : grape : a frequently visited place
taut : commodiousness :: extraordinary : purlieu(#)
pry v. � � � � � � � purlieu ↔ infrequent place
: to look closely or inquisitively ; to make a nosy or
presumptuous inquiry purloin v. � � �
prying : inquisitive :: garish : colorful : to appropriate wrongfully and often by a breach of trust
lurk : wait :: purloin : appropriate
psychology n. � � � /abscond : depart
fungi : ecologist :: motivation : psychologist
pursue vt. � � �
puckish adj. � � � � � � : IMPISH, WHIMSICAL
puckish ↔ sober/grave purvey v. � � � �
vendor : purvey :: censor : expurgate
puerile adj. � � � : CHILDISH, SILLY
puerile ↔ sagacious pusillanimous adj. � � �
: lacking courage and resolution : marked by contemptible
puissance n. � � /� � timidity
clout ↔ impuissance dauntless ↔ pusillanimous
pusillanimous ↔ stouthearted
pulchritude n. � � temerity ↔ pusillanimity/circumspection
pulchritude ↔ ugliness/hideousness valiance ↔ pusillanimity
pulchritude ↔ homeliness

pullet n. � � Q
filly : horse :: pullet : chicken

pulverize v. � � � � � � quaff v. � � � � � �
: to reduce (as by crushing, beating, or grinding) to very : to drink deeply
small quaff : sip :: stride : mince
pulverable : crumbed :: lucid : comprehended quaff : sip :: delve : skim
pulverize ↔ solidify
quail vi. � � � : COWER
punch line n. � � � � quail ↔ become resolute
: the sentence, statement, or phrase (as in a joke) that
makes the point quaint adj. � � � : ODD

joke : punch line :: plot : denouement qualified adj. � � � � � /� � � �

pun : joke :: supernova : star : having complied with the specific requirements or
precedent conditions (as for an office or employment)
punctilious adj. (� � ,� � � ) � � � : limited or modified in some way
mitigate : severe :: qualify : general ORDINARY
absolute/unreserved ↔ qualified : occurring every day
categorical ↔ qualified/conditional quotidian ↔ remarkable
quotidian ↔ striking
qualm n. � � /� �
: a sudden access of usually disturbing emotion (as doubt
or fear) R
demur : qualms :: waver : irresoluteness

quarantine n. � �
rabble n. � � : MOB
: a restraint upon the activities or communication of
: a disorganized or disorderly crowd of people
persons or the transport of goods designed to prevent the
items : hodgepodge :: people : rabble
spread of disease or pests
embargo : commerce :: quarantine : contact
hedge : loss :: quarantine : contamination rabid adj. � � � /� � � � � : FURIOUS
/safeguard : accident : extremely violent
rabid ↔ logical
quarry n/v. � � � /(� � ,� � � )� � �
: an open excavation usually for obtaining building stone, racketeer n. � � �
slate, or limestone
: to dig or take from or as if from a quarry raconteur n. � � � �
mine : ore :: quarry : rock raconteur : storytelling :: wordsmith : writing
hunter : quarry :: proselytizer : convert
racy adj. (� � � � ) � � � /� � � : PIQUANT
quash v. � � � � /� � � � � : having a strongly marked quality
: to suppress or extinguish summarily and completely tame ↔ racy
quash ↔ engender
raffish adj. � � � /� � �
quell vt. � � � � /� � � � � ingenuous : dissemble :: raffish : preen
quell ↔ foment/instigate/rouse /polite : snub(#)

quench vt. � � /� � � � � /� � � � raffle n. � � � � �

tint : suffuse : damp : quench lottery : raffle :: ticket : admission

querulous adj. � � � � rafter n. ( � � � )� � �

: habitually complaining roof : rafter :: table : leg
querulous : complain :: voluble : talk
rage n. � �
quest v. � � � � : violent and uncontrolled anger
: to ask for bigot : dedication :: rage : anger(>)
quest : reply :: command : action gush : effusive :: rage : irate
infuriate : rage :: nonplus : perplexity
questionnaire n. � � � �
ragged adj. � � � � �
queue n. � cloth : ragged :: furniture : rickety
: a waiting line especially of persons or vehicles
colonnade : pillar :: queue : person rail vi. � � �
person : queue :: scene : panorama
queue : people :: chain : link ramble vi. � � � � � � (� � � � )
draw : doodle :: travel : ramble
quibble n/v. � � (� � )/� � � � � � � � foot : perambulate :: eye : observe
: to evade the point of an argument by caviling about
words rambunctious adj. � � � � � � : UNRULY
: to find fault or criticize for petty reasons : marked by uncontrollable exuberance
encomiast : eulogize :: quibble : cavil rambunctious ↔ quiescent
nitpicker : criticize :: quibbler : cavil
quibble : failing :: rift : breach
rampart n. � � : BULWARK
tower : edifice :: rampart : barrier
quicksand n. � � � � � � � �
: something that entraps or frustrates
ramshackle adj. � � � � � � : RICKETY
: appearing ready to collapse
quiescent adj. � � � ramshackle : soundness :: garbled : clarity(#)
tumult ↔ quietude/quiescence
rancid adj. � � � � � : RANK, FETID
quip n. � � � � � : GIBE
: a clever usually taunting remark
rancor n. � �
: bitter deep-seated ill will
quixotic adj. � � � � � � rancor ↔ good will
: foolishly impractical especially in the pursuit of ideals rancor ↔ charitableness
quixotic ↔ displaying consistently practical behavior
randomize v. � � � � � � �
quota n. � � � randomize ↔ systematize
: the number or amount constituting a proportional share
quota ↔ unlimited number
range n. � �
: a series of mountains
quotidian adj. � � � /� � � � : COMMONPLACE, range : mountain :: chain : link
 : to destroy to the ground
ranger n. � � � � � raze ↔ build
ranger : forest :: curator : museum
reactant n. � � �
rank adj. � � � � � � � : RANCID reactant ↔ inert material
reactive ↔ inert
rankle v. � � � � � � � �
: to cause anger, irritation, or deep bitterness reactionary adj. � � � � /� � �
rankle ↔ pacify : relating to, marked by, or favoring reaction ;
rankle ↔ calm ultraconservative in politics
contumacious : authority :: reactionary/hidebound/
conservative : change/innovation/novelty
rant v. � � � �
recalcitrant/refractory : authority :: reactionary : change
fear : cower :: anger : rant

ream n. � � � � (500� )
rapacious adj. � � � � � � �
ream : paper :: cord : wood
: excessively grasping or covetous
troubled : distraught :: covetous : rapacious(<)
reaper n. � � � � �
scythe : reaper :: axe : woodcutter
rapport n. (� � � � ) � �
: relation marked by harmony, conformity, accord, or
affinity reassure v. � � � � �
: to restore to confidence
feed : hunger :: reassure : uneasiness
rapport ↔ discord

rebuff vt. � � � � /� � � � : SNUB

rapprochement n. � � � � � �
: to reject or criticize sharply
estrangement ↔ rapprochement
rebuff ↔ approve

rapt adj. � � � /� � � : ENGROSSED

rebus n. � � � � � �
: wholly absorbed
: a riddle made up of such pictures or symbols
intrepid : deter :: rapt : distract
rebus : dissimulation :: ??
rapt ↔ distracted

recalcitrant adj. � � � � /� � � � �
rash adj. � � � /� � � � �
: obstinately defiant of authority or restraint
: marked by or proceeding from undue haste or lack of
incongruent : conform :: recalcitrant : obey(#)
deliberation or caution
recalcitrant/refractory : authority :: reactionary : change
obsessed : attracted :: rash : adventurous(>)
(#)
loquacious : talkative :: rash : adventurous(>)

recant vi. (� � ,� � )� � � � � : RENOUNCE

raisin n. � � �
: to withdraw or repudiate (a statement or belief) formally
prune : plum :: raisin : grape
and publicly
: to make an open confession of error
raspy adj. � � � � � � � � : HARSH, GRATING apostasy : faith :: recantation : heresy
mellifluous ↔ raspy recantation : error :: confession : crime
recantation : confess :: guilt : ?
ratify vt. � � (� � )� � : CONFIRM recant ↔ reaffirm
repatriate : emigration :: repeal : ratification(#)
receipt n. � � �
ratiocination n. � � /� � : REASONING
ratiocination : thinking :: articulateness : talking(>) receptacle n. � �
bowl : receptacle :: bicycle : vehicle
ration n. (� � � ) � � �
dose : medicine :: ration : food recessive adj. � � �
dose : medicine :: sentence : punishment : of, relating to, or designating an allele that does not
produce a characteristic effect when present with a
rationalize v. � � � � � dominant allele
: to provide plausible but untrue reasons for conduct dominant ↔ recessive
rationalization : plausible :: obfuscation : discernible
recidivism n. � � � � �
raucous adj. � � � � � � : HOARSE recidivism : relapse :: rehabilitation : convalesce
: disagreeably harsh or strident
reciprocate vi. � � � � � � /� � � �
ravel vi. (� � � )� � : UNRAVEL : to move forward and backward alternately
ravel ↔ knit : to make a return for something
reciprocating ↔ moving unidirectional
rave n. � �
: an extravagantly favorable criticism reckless adj. � � � � � � /� � �
rave ↔ pan circumspect/measured ↔ audacious/reckless/unscrupulous

ravenous adj. � � � � reclaim v. � � � � � /� � � � : REFORM, TAME, SUBDUE

: very eager or greedy for food, satisfaction, or
gratification recluse n. � � �
incontrovertible : disputed :: untenable : defended : a person who leads a secluded or solitary life
/ravenous : satisfied(#) poseur : sincerity :: recluse : gregariousness
recluse : communicate :: ??
raze vt. � � � � : DEMOLISH roisterer : carouse :: recluse : withdraw
turncoat : consistency : recluse : compassion refresh vt. � � � � � � : REVIVE
recluse : society :: shirk : duty disgruntle ↔ refresh
recluse : crowd :: claustrophobia : enclosure
refugee n. � �
recoil vi. � � � � /� � � � � � refugee : asylum :: ??
recoil : advanced :: ??
refuse n. � � � : TRASH, GARBAGE
reconcile vt. � � � � �
rift ↔ reconciliation refute vt. � � � �
: to prove wrong by argument or evidence ; show to be
recondite adj. � � � /� � � : DEEP false or erroneous
serpentine : directness :: recondite : pellucidity refutation ↔ verification
recondite ↔ widely understood
recondite ↔ patent regard n. � � : ESTEEM
recondite ↔ self explain exemplary : imitation :: culpable :b lame
respect : baseness :: study : reconditeness /redoubtable : regard
flout : disregard :: taunt : challenge
reconnoiter vi. � � � � /� � � � redoubtable : regard/awe :: despicable : scorn/contempt/
: to make a preliminary inspection of, especially in order to disregard
gather military information
reconnoiter : information :: prowl : prey regenerate adj. � � �
reconnoiter : information :: canvass : votes truculent : gentleness :: unregenerate : remorse(#)

reconstitute vt. � � � � � � � /� � � �
regimen n. � � � /� � �
: to constitute again or anew; especially : to restore to a
: a systematic plan (as of diet, therapy, or medication)
former condition by adding water
especially when designed to improve and maintain the
reconstitute ↔ dehydrate
health of a patient
regimen : health :: mnemonics : memory
rectify v. � � � � : ADJUST regimen : health :: budget : solvency
: to correct by removing errors
rectify : treaty :: confirm : hypothesis
regression n. � � /� �
regressive ↔ forward
rectitude n. � � /� � : RIGHTEOUSNESS
rectitude : transgressive :: keenness : obtuse(#)
rehabilitation n. � � /� �
inequity ↔ rectitude
recidivism : relapse :: rehabilitation : convalesce
recycle : disposal :: rehabilitate : demolition
recuperative adj. � � � � � �
recuperative ↔ debilitating
reign n. � � : SOVEREIGNTY
coronation : reign :: wedding : marriage
redolent adj. � � � � : AROMATIC
redolent ↔ unscented
rein n. � � � � � �
rein ↔ prod
redoubtable adj � � � /� � � � � : FORMIDABLE
: causing fear or alarm
reiterate v. � � � � �
: worthy of respect
digress : excursive :: reiterate : redundant(=)
exemplary : imitation :: culpable : blame
/redoubtable : regard
redoubtable : regard/awe :: despicable : scorn/contempt/ rejoice n.
disregard relapse vi. � � � � � � /� � � �
recidivism : relapse :: rehabilitation : convalesce
redress v. � � � � : REMEDY
release vt. � � � �
constrain ↔ release
redundant adj. � � � /� � � � : SUPERFLUOUS
immure ↔ release
: exceeding what is necessary or normal
indigent : wealth :: redundant : indispensability
relentless adj. � � � /� � � : UNRELENTING
inexorable ↔ relenting
reel n. � � �
reel : winding :: die : shaping
relevant adj. � � � /� � �
: having significant and demonstrable bearing on the
refectory n. � � matter at hand
immaterial : relevance :: peripheral : center(#)
refinery n. � � � immaterial : relevance :: circuitous : directness
refinery : petroleum :: mill : grain relevant : crucial :: perceptible : obvious(<)
crass ↔ refined relevant ↔ immaterial
refine ↔ reduce purity
religion n. � �
reflective adj. � � � � � � : THOUGHTFUL, religion : devoutness :: canon : orthodoxy
DELIBERATIVE
relinquish vt. ( � � ,� � )� � � � � : RELEASE
refractory adj. � � � � � : STUBBORN, procure ↔ relinquish
UNMANAGEABLE relinquish ↔ cling to
: resisting control or authority relinquish ↔ cooperate/reward
adamant : flexibility :: refractory : control(#)
recalcitrant/refractory : authority :: reactionaryy : change
relish v. � � � /� � � �
refractory ↔ responsive
: to be pleased or gratified by
relish ↔ despise
 repine ↔ express joy
remiss adj. � � � /� � � � : LAX, CARELESS
: negligent in the performance of work or duty replete adj. � � �
: showing neglect or inattention repletion ↔ want
punctilious ↔ remiss repletion ↔ emptiness
remiss ↔ scrupulous /wary
repose n. � �
remnant n. � � /� � guilt : expiation :: fatigue : repose
shred : remnant :: ??
reprehensible adj. � � � � � : CULPABLE
remodel vt. � � � � : REMAKE : worthy of or deserving reprehension
construct : remodel :: compose : edit lamentable : pity :: reprehensible : censure
remonstrance : dissuade :: reprehensible:censure
remonstrance n. � � /� � censure : blameless :: approbation : reprehensible
: an earnest presentation of reasons for opposition or
grievance repressed adj. � � �
remonstrance : dissuade :: syllogism : disprove unrepressed ↔ restrained
remonstrative : dissuade :: reprehensible : censure
remonstrator : dissuade :: applicant : appeal reprieve n. � � � � �
: thw act of delaying the punishment of (as a condemned
remorse n. � � � � � : SELF-REPROACH prisoner)
: a gnawing distress arising from a sense of guilt for past reprieve : punishment :: moratorium : activity
wrongs
longing : pine :: remorse : rue(=) reprimand v. � � � �
truculent : gentleness :: unregenerate : remorse : to reprove sharply or censure formally usually from a
position of authority
remote adj. � � � � reprove : reprimand :: blame : censure(<)
: distant in time
remote ↔ impending reprisal n. � �
remunerate vt. � � � � : RECOMPENSE reproach v/n. � � � � /� �
: to pay an equivalent to for a service, loss, or expense nefarious ↔ above reproach/virtuous
remuneration : service :: retaliation : injury scurvy ↔ above reproach
remunerative ↔ unrequited opprobrious ↔ irreproachable

rend v. � � /� � � � � reprobate n/a/v. � � � /� � � /� � � �

: to perform an act of tearing or splitting reprobate : misbehave :: sycophant : fawn
rend : tear :: dissipate : diminish reprobate ↔ righteous individual
rend ↔ unite/mend reprobation ↔ acclaim
rend ↔ repair
reproof n. � � : REBUKE
renounce vi. � � � � castigation : reproof :: denunciation : denial
claim ↔ renounce /glorification : merit

renovate vt. � � � � /� � � � � � reprove v. � � �

renovate ↔ cause to decay pretense : deceive :: admonition : reprove(<)
reprove : reprimand :: blame : censure(<)
repartee n. � � � � � �
: a succession or interchange of clever retorts repudiate vt. � � � � /� � � �
repartee : retort :: debate : issue(=)
repugnant adj. � � � �
repatriate v. � � � � � � � � odious : repugnance :: menacing : fear
repatriate : emigration :: repeal : ratification cogent : convince :: repugnant : repel

repeal v. � � � � /� � � � repulse v. � � � � : REPEL

: to rescind or annul by authoritative act ; to revoke or captivate ↔ repulse
abrogate by legislative enactment court ↔ repulse intentionally
repatriate : emigration :: repeal : ratification entrancing ↔ disappoint/disgusting/repellent/repulsive

repel vt. � � � � /� � � � � � � rescind v. � � � � /� � � � : REPEAL

: to cause aversion in rescind ↔ institute/enact
court ↔ repel intentionally rescission ↔ enactment

repellent adj. � � � resentment n. � �

repellent : attract :: ephemeral : endure(#)
entrancing ↔ disappoint/disgusting/repellent/repulsive
reserved adj. (� � � ) � � � �
: restrained in words and actions
repertoire n. � � /� � � � expansive ↔ reserved/diffident
: the complete list or supply of dramas, operas, or musical unreserved ↔ qulified
works available for performance
palette : color :: repertoire : play
resign v. � � � � : QUIT
repertoire : performance :: manifest : cargo
abdicate : throne :: resign : office
/agenda : meeting

resin n. � � � �
repine v. � � � �
resin : tree :: gum : rubber plant
: to feel or express dejection or discontent
 reticent ↔ effusive
resolute adj. � � � � � /� � � : RESOLVED vociferous ↔ reticent/monotone
: marked by firm determination voluble ↔ taciturn/laconic/succinct/reticent
malleable : shape :: irresolute : opinion reticent ↔ frank
daunt ↔ make resolute
jittery ↔ resolute retinue n. � � �
: a group of retainers or attendants
resonant adj. � � � � �
full-bodied : flavor :: resonant : sound retainer : retinue :: witch : coven
resonant ↔ muffled
retort n. � � � � � � : RETURN
resourceful adj. � � � � repartee : retort :: debate : issue(=)
: able to meet situations : capable of devising ways and retort : response :: ??
means
resourceful : inventiveness :: philanthropic : geniality
retouch v. � � � �
revise : manuscript :: retouch : picture
respite n. � � � � � : REPRIEVE
: an interval of rest or relief
retract v. � � � � /� � � � �
respite : labor :: interim : concert
: to draw or pull back
fast : eat :: respite : labor
: to recant or disavow something
plateau : change :: respite : activity
misunderstood : clarify :: erroneous : retract
countermand : order :: revoke : license
resplendent adj. � � � /� � � foster ↔ retract
bootless : futility :: effulgent : resplendence(=)
bravura : performance :: resplendent : appearance
retreat n. � � /� �
resplendent ↔ dull
incursion ↔ retreat

responsive adj. � � � : SENSITIVE

retrench v. � � � /� � � �
: quick to respond or react appropriately or
: to curtail expenses
sympathetically
retrenchment : expense :: deceleration : speed
dispassionate ↔ responsive
attenuate : force :: simplify : complexity
/retrench : money
restive adj. � � � � � � /� � � � � : FIDGETY, BALKY retrench ↔ enlarge
: stubbornly resisting control
: marked by impatience
retrospective adj. � � �
incogitant : thoughtful :: restive : calm
retrospective ↔ anticipatory
restive : calm :: piddling : considerable(#)
restive : calmness :: keen : obtuseness(#)
restive ↔ calm/imperturbable revenge n. � �
restiveness ↔ contentment mercenary : money :: vindictive : revenge

restore vt. � � � � /� � � � revere v. � � � �

dilapidated ↔ restored : to show devoted deferential honor to : regard as worthy
of great honor
reverence : respect :: avidity : enthusiasm(>)
restrain vt. � � � � /� � �
reverent : idolater :: trusting : dupe
temperate : restrain :: tenacious : persist(=)
venerable : reverence :: despicable : scorn
bridled ↔ without restraint
elegiac : sorrow :: devotional : reverence(=)
fervid ↔ restrained
revere ↔ jape at
unrepressed ↔ restrained
revere ↔ disparage

resurgence n. � � � : RENASCENCE
revise vt. � � � �
: to look over again in order to correct or improve
resuscitate v. � � � � � : REVITALIZE revise : manuscript :: retouch : picture
extinct ↔ resuscitated
resuscitation ↔ enervation
revive vi. � � � � � /� � � � � �
wither ↔ revive
retainer n. � � : SERVANT lull ↔ revive
retainer: retinue :: witch : coven
retinue : attendant :: coven : witch
/staff : officer
revue n. � � � � �

rewarding adj. � � � � : VALUABLE, SATISFYING

retaliate v. � � � � �
drudgery ↔ rewarding work
: to repay (as an injury) in kind
remuneration : service :: retaliation : injury
ribald adj. � � � � /� � � : CRUDE, OFFENSIVE
: characterized by or using coarse indecent humor
retard vt. � � � � � : IMPEDE
ribald ↔ seemly
divert : shunt :: retard : brake
catalyze ↔ retard
expedite ↔ retard rickety adj. � � � � � : SHAKY
precipitate ↔ retard/dilatory cloth : ragged :: furniture : rickety

reticent adj. � � � : RELUCTANT rider n. � � � �

: inclined to be silent or uncommunicative in speech : an addition to a document often attached on a separate
: restrained in expression, presentation, or appearance piece of paper
reticent : talk :: abstemious : gorge rider : bill :: endorsement : policy
reticent : voluble :: ??
reticent ↔ loquacious ridicule n/v. � � � /� �
satire : ridicule :: elegy : sorrow rudder n. � � �
ridicule : derision :: ??
sublime ↔ ridiculous rue n/v. � � /� � � �
reportage : journalist :: ridicule : satirist longing : pine :: remorse : rue
rue : satisfaction :: ??
rife adj. � � � � /� � � : ABOUNDING rue ↔ satisfaction
sparse ↔ rife rueful ↔ impenitent

rift n. � � /� : BREACH, ESTRANGEMENT ruffian n. � � : BULLY

faultfinding : criticize :: quibble : cavil
rift ↔ reconciliation ruffle n/v. � � � � /� � � � � �
hem : garment :: ruffle : shirt
rig vt. � � � � � � � /molding : cabinet
: to manipulate or control usually by deceptive or preen ↔ ruffle
dishonest means
rig : contest :: gerrymander : district ruminate v. � � � � � �
: to engage in contemplation
rigid adj. � � � /� � ruminate : decide :: ??
circular : asymmetrical :: protean : rigid
pliable ↔ rigid rumple n. � � � : FOLD, WRINKLE
rumple : shirt :: ??
rigorous adj. � � � /� � �
run n. � � � �
rile vt. � � � � � /� � � � � � : UPSET journal : entries :: run : performance
appease ↔ rile
choleric : rile :: volatile : rouse rupture n. � � /� �
rile ↔ conciliate
rustic adj. � � � � /� � � : RURAL
risible adj. � � � � � � � : LAUGHABLE rustic ↔ polished
: arousing or provoking laughter urbane ↔ rude/rustic

rite n. � � � � � rustling n. � � � � �
: a ceremonial act or action : doing to steal cattle
rite ↔ improvised act plagiarism : ideas :: rustling : cattle

rival n. � � � rostrum n. � �
: a stage for public speaking
rive vt. � � � � � � : REND rostrum : orator :: bench : judge
rive ↔ unite

robust adj. � � � S
: having or exhibiting strength or vigorous health
robust ↔ sick

sabbatical adj. � � � �
rodent n. � � �
sabbatical : leave :: flattering : infatuation
kangaroo : marsupial :: squirrel : rodent

sabotage vt. � � � � � � �
roil v. � � � � � � � � � /� � � � � �
: to commit sabotage against
: be in a state of turbulence or agitation
saboteur : disrupt :: apologist : defend
: to stir up
sabotage� subvertness :: bully : intimidation(=)
roil ↔ clarify/appease/settle

saccharine adj. � � �
roisterer v. � � � � � � � : CAROUSE
: having a cloyingly sweet attitude, tone, or character
: to engage in noisy revelry
acerbic ↔ saccharine
roisterer : carouse :: recluse : withdraw

sacrifice n. � � � � � � �
riot vi. � � � � � � �
worship : sacrifice :: prediction : augury
sedate ↔ riot

roster n. � � l
sacrilege n. � � � �
roster : personnel :: slate : candidate
roster : staff :: obituary : death safeguard n. � � � �
: a mechanical device designed to prevent accidents
hedge : loss :: quarantine : contamination
rosy adj. � � � � safeguard : accident :: hedge : loss

rouse vt. � � � �
sagacious adj. (� � ,� � � � )� � � : DISCERNING
: to become stirred
: of keen and farsighted penetration and judgment
mollify ↔ rouse
prudence : daredevil :: sagacity : simpleton
quell ↔ foment/instigate/rouse
turncoat : constancy :: simpleton : sagacity
rouse ↔ move quietly
puerile ↔ sagacious
sagacious ↔ without wisdom
rubicund adj. � � � � � sagacity ↔ folly
rubicund ↔ pale simpleton ↔ sagacity
rubicundity ↔ pallor
sage n. � � � /� � � � � � � �
: one (as a profound philosopher) distinguished for wisdom
: a mature or venerable man of sound judgment sartorial adj. � � � �
miser : stingy :: sage : judicious tonsorial : hair :: sartorial : apparel
sage : judgement :: knave : deceit
sage : wisdom :: philanthropist : benevolence
satiate v. � � � � � � �
: to satisfy (as a need or desire) fully or to excess
salient adj. � � � /� � � � satiated : food :: saturated : moisture
: standing out conspicuously
salient : ignore :: incomprehensible : understand
satire n. � � [ � � ]
subtle : ignore :: salient : observe
panegyric : eulogize :: lampoon : satirize
salient ↔ unconspicuous
satire : ridicule :: elegy : sorrow

salmon n. � �
saturated adj. � � � �
salmon : ichthyologist :: chameleon : herpetologist
: full of moisture : made thoroughly wet
satiated : food :: saturated : moisture
salubrious adj. � � � � � small : minuscule :: moist : saturated(<)
: favorable to or promoting health or well-being obliterate � remove :: saturate : wet(>)
instructive : comprehension :: salubrious : health
virulent ↔ salubrious
saturnine adj. � � �
deleterious ↔ salutary/salubrious
: of a gloomy or surly disposition
insalubrious ↔ wholesome
despondent : depressed :: saturnine : gloomy(=)
salubrious ↔ baneful
saturnine ↔ jovial
healthy : � � � , � � � � � � .
healthful : � � � � � � � � .
sound : � � � � � � � � . saunter v. � � � � � � : STROLL
salutary : � � � � � . : to walk about in an idle or leisurely manner
wholesome : � � � � � � healthy� � � . prate : speak :: saunter : walk

salutary adj. � � � /� � � � � : CURATIVE savanna n. � � �

deleterious ↔ salutary/salubrious : a tropical or subtropical grassland containing scattered
trees and drought-resistant undergrowth
salvage n/v. � � � � /� � � �
savanna ↔ slope
salve n/v. � � /� � /� � � � �
: an unctuous adhesive substance for application to savory adj. � � �
wounds or sores savory � taste :: melodious� hear
: a remedial or soothing influence or agency
placebo : innocuous :: salve : unctuous savvy n/adj. � � ( � � )
salve ↔ irritate : practical understanding or shrewdness
salving ↔ catalyst : well informed and perceptive
savvy ↔ simpleton/simplicity
sanctify vt. � � � � � � : CONSECRATE savvy ↔ tactless
: to set apart to a sacred purpose or to religious use
desecrate ↔ sanctify scale v/n. � � � � � /� �
gauge : pressure :: scale : weight
sanctimonious adj. � � � � � � � � � scale : weight :: yardstick : length
: affecting piousness : hypocritically devout ; indicative of color : spectrum :: tone : scale
affected piousness
sanctimonious : devout :: unctuous : earnest scalpel n. � � � � �
scalpel : surgeon :: telescope : astronomer
sanctuary n. � � � � /� � �
: a place of refuge and protection scan vt. � � � � � � /� � � � � � �
sanctuary : protection :: utopia : perpection : to analyze verse into metrical patterns
sanctuary : protection :: wilderness : peril : to examine closely
scan : metrical :: parse : grammatical
sand v. � � � � �
: to smooth or dress by grinding or rubbing with an scanty adj. � � � /� � �
abrasive (as sandpaper) scant : considerable :: ??
varnish : glossy :: sand : smooth voluminous ↔ scanty/scarce
profuse ↔ scanty
sanguine adj. � � � /� � � � � /� � � � : CONFIDENT,
OPTIMISTIC scapegoat n. � � � � � � � � � /� � �
sanguine : blooded :: confident : optimistic : one that bears the blame for others
sanguine ↔ despondent
sanguine ↔ morose scarp n. � � �
sanitation n. � � � � scathing adj. � � � � � /� � �
: the promotion of hygiene and prevention of disease by : bitterly severe
maintenance of sanitary conditions scathing ↔ politely cooperative
censorship : information :: sanitation : disease
noxious ↔ wholesome/sanitary/innocuous
schematic adj. � � � �
sapient adj. � � � �
scintillating adj. (� � � )� � � �
: possessing or expressing great sagacity
: brilliantly lively, stimulating, or witty
sapient ↔ foolish

schism n. � � /� �
sarcastic adj. � � � � /� � � : CAUSTIC
: formal division in or separation from a church or religious scuff n. � � �
body scuff : abrasion :: heat : vaporization
schism : consensus :: interruption : continuity(#)
schism ↔ unity sculptor n. � � �
canvas : painter :: marble : sculptor
scion n. � � : DESCENDANT
scion ↔ ancestor scurrilous adj. � � � �
: using or given to coarse language
scoff v. � � � /� � � � scurrilous : propriety :: mercurical : constancy
pontificate : pompous :: scoff : derisive
/drawl : slow /bluster : loud /prate : aimless scurvy adj. � � � : DESPICABLE
scoff : contemptible :: thank : grateful : disgustingly mean or contemptible
scurvy ↔ above reproach
scooter n. � � �
oscillation : swing :: momentum : scooter scythe n. � �
scythe : reaper :: axe : woodcutter
score n. � �
director : script :: conductor : score secrete vt. � � � �
score : instrument :: ?? secrete ↔ absorb
script : drama :: score : music
sedate vt/adj. � � � � � /� � �
scorn vt. � � � � : keeping a quiet steady attitude or pace
: to show disdain or derision sedative : drowsiness :: anesthetic : numbness
: to treat with scorn ; reject or dismiss as contemptible or sedative : pacify :: antiseptic : sterilize
unworthy sedation ↔ riot
deferential : offend :: scornful : respect sedate ↔ flighty
redoubtable : regard/awe :: despicable : scorn/contempt/
disregard
sedentary adj. � � � � : SETTLED
scorn : reject :: adulate : flatter(>)
: not migratory
venerable : reverence :: despicable : scorn(=)
migratory ↔ sedentary
adulate ↔ scorn

scour vt. � � � � �
seduce vt. � � � �
: to become clean and bright by rubbing
scour : wash :: ?? sedulous adj. � � � � /� � �
: diligent in application or pursuit
scowl vi. � � � � � � �
: to contract the brow in an expression of displeasure seemly adj. � � � � : DECOROUS
scowl : displeasure :: kiss : affection : conventionally proper
/hurl : disgust seemly ↔ uncouth
ribald ↔ seemly
scrappy adj. � � � �
: having an aggressive and determined spirit semblance n. � � � /� � : MODICUM
scrappy ↔ timorous : outward and often specious appearance or show
semblance ↔ authentic article
scrawl v. � � � � � � � � � �
: to write or draw awkwardly, hastily, or carelessly seminal adj. � � � � /� � � � � � � �
scrawl ↔ carefully write : containing or contributing the seeds of later
development
seminal ↔ hampering further development
screw n. � �
gear : tooth :: screw : thread
seminary n. � � �
conservatory : music :: seminary : theology
scribble v. � � � � �
/observatory : astronomy
: to write hastily or carelessly without regard to legibility or
form
tinker : adjust :: scribble : write sensation n. � �
analgesic : pain :: anesthetic : sensation
numb : sensation :: stiff : suppleness
script n. � �
numb : insensible :: burnish : lustrous
director : script :: conductor : score
pain : analgesic :: sensation : anesthetic
script : drama :: score : music
sensation ↔ anesthesia
scrupulous adj. � � � /� � � : CONSCIENTIOUS
sensitive adj. � � � /� � �
: having moral integrity : acting in strict regard for what is
obstinate : preserve :: tactless/insensitive : offend
considered right or proper
insensitive : boor :: mischievous : imp
: punctiliously exact
sensitivity : boor :: sagacity : simpleton
sensitive ↔ numb
scrutable adj. � � � � � � : COMPREHENSIBLE
: capable of being deciphered
sentient adj. � � (� � ) � � �
mysterious ↔ scrutable
: responsive to or conscious of sense impressions
sentient/sentimental ↔ unconscious
scrutinize v. � � � � � � /� � � � � � tactile : touch :: sentient : emotion
: to examine or observe closely and minutely
scrutinize : gloss :: delve : skim
sentinel n. � �
scrutinize : glimpse/glance :: delve : skim
sentinel : watchful :: epicure : discriminating
scrutinize : look :: contemplate : thought

sepulchral adj. � � � /� � � : FUNEREAL, MORTUARY

sepulchral ↔ merry
shirk v. � � � �
sequester vt. � � � � : to evade the performance of an obligation
: to set apart duty : shirk :: question : parry
sequester ↔ permit to mingle parsimony : skimp :: malingering : shirk
recluse : society :: shirked :duty
sere adj. � � /� � � �
: being dried and withered shopworn adj. � � � � � /� � �
sere ↔ lush
sere ↔ damp shred n. � �
shred : remnant :: ??
serendipity n. � � � � � � � � �
: the faculty or phenomenon of finding valuable or shrewd adj. � � � � /� � �
agreeable things not sought for shrewd : naïf :: ??(#)
serendipitous : effort :: ineluctable : chance
shrink v. � � � �
serenity n. � �
havoc ↔ serenity
shrug v � � � � � � �
: to raise or draw in the shoulders especially to express
serfdom n. � � � � � aloofness, indifference, or uncertainty
serfdom ↔ lord embrace : affection :: shrug : indifference
serfdom ↔ feudal lord
shunt v. � � � �
sermon n. � � divert : shunt :: retard : brake

serrate adj. � � � � � /� � � � � shuttle n. � � � � �

serrated ↔ without notches/smooth
serried adj. � � � /� � � : COMPACT
: crowded or pressed together
serried ↔ widely separated
sibilant adj. � � � � � : HISSING
: having, containing, or producing the sound of or a sound
resembling that of the s or the sh in sash
hiss : sibilant :: drone : monotonous

servile adj. � � � � : ABJECT sidereal adj. � � : ASTRAL

: meanly or cravenly submissive arboreal : trees :: sidereal : stars
compliant : servile :: trusting : gullible(<) star : sidereal :: emotion : affective
gullible : chicanery :: servile : domination
imperious : servile :: bellicose : peaceable(#)
signal adj. � � � /� � � �
bigot : tolerant :: provincial : cosmopolitan
signal ↔ unremarkable

severe adj. � � /� � � : STRINGENT, RESTRICTIVE

simper v. � � � � � � � �
mitigate : severe :: qualify : general
: to smile in a silly manner
palmy : prosperity :: draconian : severity(=)
simper : smile :: babble : talk

shackle n/vt. � � /� � � � : IMPEDE

simpleton n. � �
emancipate ↔ shackle
prudence : daredevil :: sagacity : simpleton
shackle ↔ loose
turncoat : constancy :: simpleton : precedent
simpleton ↔ sagacity
shadow vt. � � � � : TRAIL
: to follow especially secretly
simplicity n. � � � : CANDOR
follow : shadow :: leave : abscond
scrvvy ↔ simplicity
shadowy ↔ overt
trail ↔ lead
simulate vt. � � � � /� � � � : IMITATE
: to give or assume the appearance or effect of often with
shale n. � � �
the intent to deceive
shale : lode :: well : aquifer
simulation ↔ authentic article

shallow adj. � � � � � : SUPERFICIAL

sin n. �
: lacking in depth of knowledge, thought, or feeling
peccadillo : sin :: admonishment : castigation
shallowness ↔ profundity

sincere adj. � � � : PURE

shard n. (� � � ) � � /� �
authenticity : fraudulent :: sincerity : hypocritical
shard : pottery :: fragment : bone
poseur : sincerity :: recluse : gregariousness
shard� pottery :: morsel� food
poseur ↔ sincere person
/tear� cloth
shard : ceramic :: crumb: cake
sinew n. � � : POWER
tendinous : sinewy :: ??
shelter v/n. � � � /� � : PROTECT
sinew ↔ weakness
conspicuous : sheltered :: ??
hedgerow : fence :: arbor : shelter
singular adj. � � � : UNUSUAL
: being out of the ordinary
sheep n. �
worldly ↔ singular
sheep : ewe :: swan : pen

shiftless adj. � � � � : LAZY

sinister adj. � � � /� � �
: lacking in ambition or incentive
shiftless : ambition :: ingenuous : guile sinuous adj. � � � � � : WINDING
sip vi. � � � � � � � sloth n. � �
: to drink in small quantities
sip : drink :: mince : walk slouch v. � � � � � � �
swill : sip :: gobble : nibble slouch ↔ stand erect
quaff : sip :: stride : mince
quaff : sip :: gobble : nibble
sloven n. � � � � � � �
swill ↔ sip
slovenly ↔ tidy

siren n. � �
siren : unresistant :: juggernaut : unstopptable
slumber n. � �

slur v. � � � �
skeptic adj/n. � � � � /� � � �
: to cast aspersions on
: a person disposed to skepticism especially regarding
slur : speech :: smudge : writing
religion or religious principles
penitent : obdurate :: skeptic : credulous(#)
votary ↔ skeptic sly adj. � � � : DISSEMBLING
sly ↔ artless
sketchy adj. � � � � : SLIGHT, SUPERFICIAL
: wanting in completeness, clearness, or substance smarmy adj. � � � �
fawn : imperiousness :: elaborate : sketchy : revealing or marked by a smug, ingratiating, or false
earnestness
smarmy ↔ earnest
skimp v. � � � � � �
: to give insufficient or barely sufficient attention or effort
to or funds for smart adj/vi. � � � /� � � � �
parsimony : skimp :: malingering : shirk : to feel or have such a pain
smart : pain :: grieve : sorrow
tatty ↔ smart
skirt vt. � � � �
: to avoid especially because of difficulty or fear of
controversy smattering n. � � �
skirt ↔ seek/face : superficial piecemeal knowledge
erudite ↔ smattering of knowledge/ignorant/unlettered
stare : leer :: peruse : smatter
skit n. � � �
skit : revue :: ??
vignette : scene :: skit : drama smirk v. (� � � � ) � � � � � : SIMPER
: to smile in an affected or smug manner
smirk : smugness :: sneer : derision
skittish adj. � � � /� � � �
smother vt. � � � � � �
slake vt. � � � /� � � � � : SATISFY, QUENCH
smother : choke :: ??
gratify : desire :: slake : thirsty

smug adj. � � � � � /� � � � �
slant v. ~� � � � � � /~ � � � �
: highly self-satisfied
: to give an oblique or sloping direction to
smirk : smugness :: sneer : derision
: to interpret or present in line with a special interest
primp : vain :: gloat : smug
slant ↔ assert without bias

smuggle v. � � � �
slapdash adj. � � � � : HAPHAZARD, SLIPSHOD
: to convey or introduce surreptitiously
collude : cooperate :: smuggle : convey
slate n. � � � � � smuggle ↔ transport openly
roster : personnel :: slate : candidate
snag n. � � � �
slew n. � �
paucity ↔ slew
snarl v. � � � � � /� � � � � � : TANGLE
disentangle ↔ snarl
slight adj/n. � � � /� � � � � snarler ↔ coo
grievous ↔ slight
prodigious ↔ slight
sneer n. � �
slight ↔ ponderous
smirk : smugness :: sneer : derision
celebration :: lamentful :: slight : show respect
wince : pain :: smile : pleasure
cosset ↔ slight
/pout : displeasure /sneer : contempt
slight ↔ show respect to

snob n. � �
slink v. � � � � � �
: one who has an offensive air of superiority in matters of
: to go or move stealthily or furtively (as in fear or shame)
knowledge or taste

slippery adj. � � � �
dingy : glisten :: slippery : adhere
splint : mobility :: ballast : instability
/purchase : slippery
slipshod adj. � � � � �
assiduous ↔ slipshod
slogan n. � � �
attentive : officious :: refined : snobbish(<)
snub v. � � /� � � �
: to treat with contempt or neglect
dissemble : honesty :: snub : politeness
: SLOPPY
ingenuous : dissemble :: raffish : preen
/polite : snub
snub : disdain :: double cross : disloyalty
court ↔ snub

sloppy adj. � � � �
soak v. � � � � � /� � � � � soporific n. 0 � �
: to lie immersed in liquid (as water) : become saturated : a soporific agent
by or as if by immersion soporific : sleep :: vaccinating : immunity
soaked/drenched : wet/damp :: exuberant : happy soporific : sleep :: inoculation : immunity
soaked/drenched : wet/damp:: frigid : cool soporific ↔ stimulant
drenched : wet :: antithetic : indifferent(>) soporific ↔ provocative

sober adj. � � � /� � � /� � � � sordid adj. � � � /� � � : VILE

frugal : impecunious :: temperate : sober(<)
puckish ↔ sober sound adj. � � � /� � �
sumptuous ↔ sober ramshackle : soundness :: garbled : clarity
tenable ↔ unjustified/unsound
sodden adj. � � � �
: heavy with or as if with moisture or water sparse adj. � � �
marsh : sodden :: desert : arid copious ↔ sparse
moist : sodden :: surprised : astonished(<) sparse ↔ rife

soggy adj. � � � � spartan adj. � � � � � � �

: marked by strict self-discipline or self-denial
solace n. � � spartan ↔ sybaritic/indulgent/voluptuous/luxurious
solace : grief :: pacification : anger
spate n. � �
solder n. � � spate ↔ dearth
: a metal or metallic alloy used when melted to join
metallic surfaces specialist n. � � �
breach ↔ solder dabbler ↔ specialist

solemn adj. � � � specificity n. � � �

jest ↔ solemnity
specious adj. � � � � � � /� � � � : SOPHISTIC,
solicitous adj. � � � � : APPREHENSIVE PLAUSIBLE
: full of concern or fears : having deceptive attraction or allure
solicitous ↔ unconcerned specious ↔ valid
veritable ↔ specious
solvent adj./n. � � � � � � /� �
: able to pay all legal debts speck n. � � � � /� � � � : BIT
: a usually liquid substance capable of dissolving or mite : creature :: speck : amount
dispersing one or more other substances
coagulant : thicken :: solvent : dissolve
spectator n. � � �
profligate : solvent :: mercurial : committed
epicure : discriminating :: spectator : watching
regimen : health :: budget : solvency

speculate vi. � � � � : REFLECT

somber adj. � � � /� � � : MELANCHOLY, GRAVE
conjecture ↔ restrain from the speculation
cherubic ↔ somber

spendthrift n. � � �
somnolence n. � � : SLEEPINESS
craven : hero :: parsimonious : spendthrift
miser : parsimonious :: spendthrift : prodigal
sonata n. � � � spendthrift ↔ miser
dessert : meal :: epilogue : play
/coda : sonata
spent adj. � � � � : EXHAUSTED
: drained of energy or effectiveness
sonnet n. � � � 14� � precarious : stability :: spent : efficacy
sonnet : poet :: symphony : composer
sonnet : verse monger :: ??
spindly adj. � � �
limber : flexibility :: spindly : frailty
soothe vt. � � � � � : PLACATE,RELIEVE, ALLEVIATE
: to bring peace, composure, or quietude
spiny adj. � � � /� � � � � : THORNY
vex ↔ pacify/appease/soothe
spire n. � �
sop n. � � � /� �
spire : church :: minaret : mosque
: a conciliatory or propitiatory bribe, gift, or gesture
sop : conciliatory :: subsidy : supportive
spleen n. � �
: feelings of anger or ill will often suppressed
sophism n. � �
spleen ↔ good will
: an argument apparently correct in form but actually
invalid
sophism : reasoning :: counterfeit : money splint n. � �
: to support and immobilize (as a broken bone) with a
splint
sophistication n. � � � � � � � � : CULTIVATION,
splint : mobility :: ballast : instability
URBANITY
/purchase : slippery
ingénue : sophistication :: cynic : trustfulness
splint : immobilize :: duct : convey
callow ↔ behaving with adult sophistication
buttress : edifice :: splint : limb
politic ↔ unsophisticated

spoil vt. � � � � � � : CODDLE

sophomoric adj. � � � � �
: to pamper excessively
cosseted ↔ unspoiled
 clog:drainage::stalemate:negotiations
spoke n. � 0 �
spoke : hub :: radius : center stalwart adj. � � �
lank ↔ stalwart
spontaneous adj. � � � /� � � � : NATURAL
: not apparently contrived or manipulated stammer v. � � � � � � � : HALT
juggernaut : unstoppable :: extemporization : spontaneous falter : act :: stammer : speak
spontaneous ↔ premeditate
stanza n. � /� : STROPHE
spoof n. � � ballad : stanza :: novel : chapter
spoof : parody :: ?? stanza : line :: volume : issue
stanza : poem :: movement : orchestra
sporadic adj. � � � � prose : paragraph :: poetry : stanza
: occurring occasionally, singly, or in scattered instances
chronic ↔ sporadic stark adj. � � � : ABSOLUTE

sprain n. � � startle vt. � � � � �

sprain : injury :: cold : contagion startle ↔ lull

sprightly adj. � � � : SPIRITED static adj. � � �

dodder : unsteady :: cavort : sprightly static : movable :: pliable : inflexible
motility ↔ stasis
spur vt. � � � � : STIMULATE
deter ↔ spur stature n. � �
stature : tall :: sound : loud
spurious adj. � � � : FALSE
: outwardly similar or corresponding to something without steadfast adj. � � � � �
having its genuine qualities capricious ↔ steadfast
spurious : authenticity :: ??
spurious ↔ genuine stealth n. � � � � �
spuriousness ↔ authenticity caprice : whimsical :: stealth : furtive
/discontent : unsatisfied
spurn v. “� ” � � � � � /� � � � : SCORN
: to reject with disdain or contempt steep v/adj. (� � � � )� � � /� � �
spurn ↔ welcome willingly : to cover with or plunge into a liquid (as in bathing,
spurn ↔ court, crave, embrace rinsing, or soaking)
spurned ↔ beloved : mounting or falling precipitously
collapse : implode :: steep : immerse
squabble n. � � � precipice : steepness :: defile : narrowness
squabble : dispute :: foible : failing(<) steep ↔ parch
tiff : squabble :: foible : failing dip : � � � � � � � � � � � � � .
immerse : � � � � � � � � � .
squalid adj. � � � /� � � plunge : � � � � , � � � � � � � � � � � , � � � � .
squalid ↔ pristine submerge :� � � � � � � � � � � � .
soak, drench, steep : � � � � � � � � � � � . soak, steep
squall n. � � � � � �
� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � .
: a short-lived commotion
squall : commotion :: flash : illumination stench n. � �
stench : nose :: din : ear
squalor n. � � � /� � �
: A filthy and wretched condition or quality stentorian adj. � � � �
squalor ↔ immaculateness audible : stentorian :: discernable : obvious
splendor ↔ squalor stentorian ↔ faint
squalor ↔ sincerity
squalor ↔ ceremony sterile adj. � � � /� � �
sterile : bacteria :: impeccable :flaws
squander vt. � � � � : DISSIPATE verdant ↔ sterile
husband ↔ squander
conserve ↔ waste/squander/exhaust stickler n. � � � �
: one who insists on exactness or completeness in the
squelch v. � � � � /� � � � : QUELL, SQUASH observance of something
squelch/squash ↔ foment stickler : approximation/imprecision :: purist : adulteration
stickler : exacting :: martinet : disciplinary
stickler : exact :: pedagogue : indoctrinate
stagnant adj. � � �
stagnant ↔ flowing
stiff adj. � � �
numb : sensation :: stiff : suppleness
staid adj. � � � : SOBER, GRAVE
: marked by settled sedateness and often prim self-
restraint stipulation n. � � /� �
staid ↔ jaunty stipulation ↔ tacit requirement

stain n. � � /� � stifle vt. � � � � /� � � � : DETER, DISCOURAGE

dye : stain :: ?? foment ↔ stifle
foster ↔ stifle
stalemate n. � � � � : DEADLOCK
: a drawn contest stigma n. � � : STAIN
stigma ↔ mark of esteem quaff : sip :: stride : mince

stilted adj. � � � : POMPOUS, LOFTY strident adj. � � � � � �

stridency : sound :: acridity : odor
stint v. � � � � stridency : sound :: garnishness : appearance
: to be sparing or frugal
lavish ↔ stint strike vi. � � � � � � �
strike : medal :: mint : coin
stingy adj. � � �
: not generous or liberal stringent adj. � � � : TIGHT, CONSTRICTED
miser : stingy :: sage : judicious : marked by rigor, strictness, or severity especially with
miser : stingy :: loner : solitary regard to rule or standard
generosity ↔ stinginess stringent ↔ lax

stipple v. � � � � strip vt. � � �

stipple : dot :: striate : band bedeck ↔ strip

stock n/adj. � � /� � � strut v/n. � � � � � /� � �

: repeated regularly without any thought or originality pontificate : speak :: strut : walk
census : population :: inventory : stock strut : wing :: buttress : wall
stock ↔ unique strut : wing :: guy : pylon

stockade n. � � stubborn adj. � � �

stockade : enclosure :: pillar : support
studio n. � � �
stodgy adj. � � � � � /� � � � : HIDEBOUND,BORING, studio : artist :: laboratory : scientist
DULL
: extremely old-fashioned ; having an ultraconservative stultify vt. � � � � � � /� � � � �
character : to have a dulling or inhibiting effect on
stultifying ↔ exciting/stirring
mawkish : sentimental :: stodgy� conservative(>)
stodgy ↔ exciting stun vt. � � � � � � � : DAZE

stoic adj/n. � � � � � /� � � � � stunt v. � � � � ( � � )

: one apparently or professedly indifferent to pleasure or obstruct : progress :: stunt : growth
pain
stoic : perturb :: avaricious : satisfy
sturdy adj. � �
solicitude : concern :: stoic : flinch
stoic ↔ flinch
stylus n. � �
stylus : mark :: lamp : illumination
stoke v. � � � � �
stoke : fuel :: irrigate :water
stymie v. � � � �
stymie ↔ abet
stolid adj. � � � :UNEMOTIONAL

stouthearted adj. � � � subdue vt. � � � � /� � � �

pusillanimous ↔ stouthearted
straggle vi. � � � �
strait n. � �
isthmus : land :: strait : water
stratify v. � � � � � �
: to divide into a series of graded statuses
stratify ↔ homogenize
impervious : damaged :: indomitable : subdued(#)
subdue ↔ inflame
subdued ↔ unruly
: ROVE, STRAY
flamboyant ↔ subdued
burgeon ↔ subdue
subject n. � � � �
potentate ↔ subject
subjugate vt. � � � � � : CONQUER
subjugation ↔ liberation

stray adj. � � � � �
sublime adj. � � � /� � � � �
: having strayed or escaped from a proper or intended
: lofty, grand, or exalted in thought, expression, or manner
place
sublime ↔ ridiculous
digressive : topic/subject :: stray : group
sublime ↔ base
stray : group :: digress : subject

submerge vt. � � � � �
strength n. � �
bend : rigid :: submerge : buoyant
slacken : tautness :: dilute : strength
/dissolve : insoluble

striate vt. � � � � � �
grooved : striating :: braided : stranded
submissive adj. � � � �
stipple : dot :: striate : band
striated : groove :: dappled : spot subordinate adj. � � � � /� � � � : INFERIOR
principal ↔ subordinate
tractable ↔ insubordinate/intransigent/incorrigible/
stricture n. � �
obstinate
: an adverse criticism

subpoena n. � � �
stride vi. � � � � � �
lien : claim :: subpoena : command
: to take a very long step
 sumptuous adj. � � � �
subside v. � � � � sumptuous ↔ ascetic
subside ↔ promote sumptuousness ↔ sobriety

subsidiary n. � � � : AUXILIARY sunder v. � � � �

: to become parted, disunited, or severed
collapse : implode :: divide : sunder(<)
subsidy n. � � �
sunder ↔ connect
sop : conciliatory :: subsidy : supportive
sunder ↔ link
sunder ↔ combine/yoke/bond
substantial adj. � � � /� � � /� � �
diaphanous ↔ substantial
supercilious adj. � � �
substantive ↔ trivial
: coolly and patronizingly haughty
vaporous ↔ substantial
supercilious ↔ obsequious
supercilious ↔ humble
substantiate vt. � � � � : VERIFY superciliousness ↔ humility
: to establish by proof or competent evidence supercilious ↔ groveling
substantiate ↔ disapprove
unsubstantiated ↔ verified
superficial adj. � � � �
controvert ↔ substantiate
superficial ↔ central

subterfuge n. � � /� �
superfluous adj. � � � /� � � � : EXTRA
: deception by artifice or stratagem in order to conceal,
: exceeding what is sufficient or necessary ; not needed
escape, or evade
pertinent : relevance :: redundant : superfluity
subterfuge : deceive :: decantation : pour
integral ↔ superfluous
superfluous ↔ elemental
subtle adj. � � � � � � � /� � � : OBSCURE superfluity ↔ scarcity
: difficult to understand or perceive
subtle : ignore :: salient : observe
supple adj. � � �
subtle : overlook :: tractable : lead
numb : sensation :: stiff : suppleness
palpable ↔ subtle
firm : obstinate :: supple : spineless
blatant ↔ subtle

supplement n. � � /� �
succinct adj. � � �
loquacious : succinct :: adroit : ungainly(#)
babble ↔ express succinctly supplicate v. � � � � � � � �
prolixity ↔ succinctness : to ask for earnestly and humbly
verbosity ↔ succinctness protest : dissuade :: supplicate : entreat(>)
voluble ↔ taciturn/laconic/succinct/reticent supplicant : beseeching :: coquette :: flirtatious
supplicate ↔ demand
succor vt. (� � ,� � )� � � � � � : RELIEVE
: to give assistance to in time of want, difficulty, or suppress vt. � � � � : SUBDUE
distress suppress : stimulate :: calm : provoke
succor : relief :: caution : warning
succor ↔ aggravate surfeit n. � � � � � : EXCESS
: an overabundant supply
suffuse v. � � � � � � surfeit ↔ deficiency
: to spread over or through in the manner of fluid or light deprivation ↔ surfeit
tint : suffuse :: damp : quench(<)
surgeon n. � � � �
suite n. � � � /� � � scalpel : surgeon :: telescope : astronomer
suite : room :: ??
surrender v. � � � �
sulky adj. � � /� � � : to yield to the power, control, or possession of another
sulky ↔ rejoicing upon compulsion or demand
inalienable : surrendered :: implacable : propitiated
appropriate ↔ surrender
sullen adj. � � /� � �
sullen : levity :: ??
surreptitious adj. � � � : CLANDESTINE
surreptitious ↔ barefaced/aboveboard
summary n. � �
compendium : summary :: anthology : collection
summary ↔ protraction surrogate n. � � �

summit n. � � /� � suspend vi. � � � /� � � �

crest : wave :: summit/peak : mountain suspend ↔ erect
roof : room :: summit : mountain invoke ↔ suspend
nadir ↔ summit
suspicion n. � � /� � � � : DOUBT
summary adj. � � � : the act or an instance of suspecting something wrong
: done without delay or formality ; quickly executed without proof or on slight evidence
summarily ↔ after long deliberation : a minute amount or slight indication
enthusiasm : mania :: suspicion : paranoia
innuendo : suspicion :: ??(=)
summon vt. � � � �
command : request :: summon : invite(>)
summons : citation :: ?? suture n. � � �
summon ↔ dismiss : the act or process of sewing with sutures
suture ↔ incision
avulsion ↔ suture synthesis n. � �
synthesis ↔ analysis
svelte adj. � � � : SLENDER, LITHE
svelte ↔ plump
svelte ↔ paunchy and awkward T

swagger v. � � � � � /� � � � �
: to conduct oneself in an arrogant or superciliously
pompous manner; especially : to walk with an air of
overbearing self-confidence
blustering : speak :: swaggering : walk
fawn : hauteur :: self depreciate : swagger
imperious : fawn :: swagger : self depreciate
pontificate : speak :: swagger : walk
imperiousness : fawn :: self depreciatory : swagger
swamp n. � /� �
: a difficult or troublesome situation or subject
sweltering adj. � � � /� � � �
sweltering ↔ frigid
swerve v. � � � � � � � : DEVIATE
: to turn aside abruptly from a straight line or course
swerve ↔ maintain direction
swill v. � � � � � : GUZZLE
: to drink or eat freely, greedily, or to excess
swill : sip :: gobble : nibble
swill ↔ sip
swindle v. � � � � �
: to obtain money or property by fraud or deceit
implacable : compromise :: honest : swindle
swindler : cheat :: proselytizer : convert
taciturn adj. � � � /� � �
: temperamentally disinclined to talk
tacit : infer :: encoded : decode
taciturn : solemnity :: token : exchange
loquacious ↔ taciturn
taciturn ↔ prolix
volubility ↔ taciturnity
voluble ↔ taciturn/laconic/succinct/reticent
windbag ↔ taciturnity
expansive ↔ taciturn/withdrawn/limited
tackle n. � � � � �
bolster : support :: tackle : hoist
tacky adj. � � � � �
: slightly adhesive or gummy to the touch
tackiness : adhesive :: sharpness : scalpel
tactile adj. � � � /� � � � � � � : TANGIBLE
: perceptible by touch
tactile : touch :: affective : emotion
tactile : touch :: sentient : emotion
tactless adj. � � � � /� � � � � � � �
: marked by lack of tact
chicanery : clever :: tactlessness : truthful
gaffe : tactless :: ??
obstinate : preserve :: tactless/insensitive :offend

swing n. � � tag n. � � �
oscillation : swing :: momentum : scooter tag : identify :: canopy : cover

sybarite n. � � � � � � � � � � : VOLUPTUARY, taint n/vt. � � /� � � � /� � � � � : CORRUPT

SENSUALIST taint : integrity :: ??
spartan ↔ sybaritic/indulgent/voluptuous/luxurious tainted ↔ unspoiled/wholesome
sybarite ↔ ascetic pristine ↔ taint
taint ↔ integrity
sycophant n. � � � taint ↔ purity
: a servile self-seeking flatterer
libertine : dissolute :: sycophant : obsequious tame adj. � � � /� � � : INSIPID
miser : hoard :: dandy : preen tame : tractable :: ??
/sycophant : fawn /pundit : opine tame ↔ racy
narcissist : self absorbed :: sycophant : obsequious
reprobate : misbehave :: sycophant : fawn
tamper vi. � � � � � � � �
sycophant : flattery :: extortionist : intimidation
: to tinker with rashly or foolishly
sycophant : fawn :: malcontent : complain
tamper : adjust :: misrepresent : communicate

syllogism n. � � � � �
tangent adj. (� � ,� � )� � � � � : IRRELEVANT
: deductive reasoning
: diverging from an original purpose or course
remonstrance : dissuade :: syllogism : disprove
tangent ↔ essential

symbiosis n. � �
: the living together in more or less intimate association or
tangy adj. � � � � � �
tangy ↔ bland
close union of two dissimilar organisms
symbiosis ↔ agonizig associaton
tantalize v. � � � � � � � � �
: to tease or torment by or as if by presenting something
symphony n. � � � � /� � �
desirable to the view but continually keeping it out of
instrumentalist : symphony :: dancer : ballet
reach
sonnet : poet :: symphony : composer
tease : tantalize :: ??
tantalize ↔ comfort/console/solace/alleviate
synergic adj. � � � : COOPERATING /assuage/ease/relieve
: working together
synergic ↔ antagonistic
tantamount adj. � � �
: equivalent in value, significance, or effect
synopsis n. � � : ABSTRACT tantamount ↔ incommensurate
synopsis : conciseness :: distillate : purity
synopsis : condensed :: appendix : supplementary
tantrum n. � � �
synopsis ↔ protraction
: a fit of bad temper
tantrum ↔ pacification
 tenable adj. � � � � � � : DEFENSIBLE, REASONABLE
taper vi. � � � � � � � � � : capable of being held, maintained, or defended
ineluctable/inevitable : avoid:: untenable : defend
tenable ↔ unjustified/unsound
tapestry n. � � � � � �
chiaroscuro : contrast :: tapestry : intricacy
/filigree : delicacy tenacious adj. � � � � � � /� � �
: persistent in maintaining or adhering to something
valued or habitual
tardy adj. � � : LATE, SLUGGISH
beneficent : harm :: tenacious : yield
: moving slowly
temperate : restrain :: tenacious : persist
: delayed beyond the expected or proper time
tenacious : yield :: insouciant : worry
guile : naif :: tardy : prompt(#)
tendentious adj. � � � � � [� � ]� � � : BIASED
tarnish v. � � � � � /� � � � � : marked by a tendency in favor of a particular point of
silver : tarnish :: iron : rust view
tarnish : dull :: vitrify : smooth tendencious : objective :: ??
tendentious ↔ unbiased
tarpaulin n. � � � � tendentious ↔ unprejudiced
tarpaulin : protect :: ??
tendinous adj. � � � : SINEWY
tasty adj. � � � � tendinous : sinewy :: ??
: strikingly attractive or interesting
tasty ↔ uninteresting tepid adj. � � � � /� � � � � � : LUKEWARM
: lacking in passion, force, or zest
tatty adj. � � � /� � � : SHABBY tepid ↔ fever
tatty ↔ smart tepid ↔ ardent

taunt v/n. � � � ~� � � � /� � terminus n. � � : TERMINAL

: to reproach or challenge in a mocking or insulting inception : termination :: matriculation : graduation(#)
manner terminus : stop :: epilogue : story
flout : disregard :: taunt : challenge
taunt : provoke :: plot : outwit terror n. � � � � � � �
apprehension : terror :: affection : adoration(<)
taut adj. � � � terror : fear :: craving : desire(>)
: having no give or slack ; tightly drawn
slacken : tautness :: dilute : strength testator n. � � �
taut : commodiousness :: extraordinary : purlieu(#) heirloom : ancestor :: bequest : testator
slacken ↔ tauten
taut ↔ slack
tauten ↔ loosen testimony n. � �
calumny : assertion :: perjury : testimony(#)
tawdry adj. � � � � �
: cheap and gaudy in appearance or quality testy adj. � � � � /� � � � : IRRITABLE
tawdry ↔ exquisite : easily annoyed
: marked by impatience or ill humor
testy : annoy :: tractable : control
taxing adj. � � � � � : ONEROUS, WEARING testy� annoy :: tractable : teach
taxing ↔ light testy ↔ good-humored
testiness ↔ imperturbability
tear v/n. � � /(� � � � � )�
: a hole or flaw made by tearing tether vt. (� � � ) � � � �
tear ↔ insert : to fasten or restrain by or as if by a tether
tear ↔ tether tether ↔ detach
tether ↔ loose
tease vt. � � � � tear ↔ tether
tease : tantalize :: ??
theatrical adj/n. � � � � � /� � � � � �
tedious adj. � � � /� � � : BORING : marked by pretense or artificiality of emotion
tedious : energy :: disturbing : composure : stage performances or a stage performance, especially
tedious ↔ entertaining by amateurs
theatrical ↔ natural
teeter v. � � � � /� � � � /� � � � : WOBBLE theatrical ↔ professional
: to move unsteadily
teeter ↔ stabilize theology n. � �
conservatory : music :: seminary : theology
telling adj. � � � � : EFFECTIVE, EXPRESSIVE /observatory : astronomy
: carrying great weight and producing a marked effect
telling ↔ not effective therapeutic adj. � � �
therapeutic : hospital :: illuminating : school
temerity n. � � /� � : RASHNESS, RECKLESSNESS
temerity ↔ circumspection thorny adj. � � � � �
temerity ↔ pusillanimity : full of difficulties or controversial points
temerity ↔ cautious approach thorny ↔ smooth

temperate adj. � � � � /� � � threadbare adj. � � �

temperate : restrain :: tenacious : persist threadbare/timeworn : novelty :: labyrinthine : directness
harangue ↔ speak temperately
thrive vi. � � � � : FLOURISH : to seize, hold, or manipulate with tongs.
languish ↔ thrive tong : seize :: ??
wizened ↔ thrive
thrive ↔ fail tonic n. � � � : REFRESHING
: one that invigorates, restores, refreshes, or stimulates
throng vi. � � � � � � � conducive : foment :: tonic : invigorate
protract : length :: throng : number tonic : invigorate :: analgesic : deaden
tonic ↔ enfeebling
thwart v. � � � � tonic ↔ draining
: to oppose successfully ; defeat the hopes or aspirations
of tonsorial adj. � � �
oppose : thwart :: treat : cure(=) tonsorial : hair :: sartorial : apparel
abet ↔ thwart/impede
thwart ↔ support/aid topsy-turvy adj. � � � � � � /� � �
: totally disordered
ticklish adj. � � � � � topsy-turvy ↔ tranquil
: requiring delicate handling
pliant : influence :: ticklish : offend torpid adj. � � /� � � � �
ticklish ↔ imperturbable torpid ↔ responsive

tidy adj. � � � torpor n. � � � /� � �

sloven ↔ tidy : a state of mental and motor inactivity with partial or total
insensibility : extreme sluggishness or stagnation of
tiff n. � � � � � � : SPAT function
: a petty quarrel torpor : iciness :: ??
tiff : squabble :: foible : failing torpor ↔ zeal
torpor ↔ animation
tightfisted adj. � � � torpor ↔ alert
: reluctant to part with money
tightfisted : parsimonious :: brattish : mischievous(=) torrid adj. � � � : ARDENT
torrid ↔ arctic
timeworn adj. � � � : HACKNEYED, STALE
threadbare/timeworn : novelty :: labyrinthine : directness tortuous adj. � � � � � � /� � � � : TRICKY,
threadbare/timeworn : novelty :: convoluted : simplicity CIRCUITOUS
timeworn ↔ novel : marked by devious or indirect tactics
tortuous ↔ direct/straightforward
timid adj. � � � /� � � �
self-confident : timid :: open : shy(#) tourniquet n. � � � �
: a device (as a bandage twisted tight with a stick) to
timorous adj. � � � /� � � : FEARFUL check bleeding or blood flow
scrappy ↔ timorous tourniquet : beeding :: brake : motion
timorous ↔ intrepid
tractable adj. � � � � � /� � � � � � : DOCILE
tinge vt. � � � � � � � : TINT : capable of being easily led, taught, or controlled
tinged ↔ colorless : easily handled, managed, or wrought
complaisance : intractable :: adeptness : maladroit(#)
subtle : overlook :: tractable : lead
tinker v. � � � � � � � : FIDDLE
testy : annoy :: tractable : control
: to repair, adjust, or work with something in an unskilled
tame : tractable :: ??
or experimental manner
balky ↔ tractable
tinker : adjust :: scribble : write
pertinacious ↔ tractable
tractability ↔ incorrigibility
tint n. � � � � tractable ↔ incorrigible
tint : suffuse :: damp : quench(<) tractable ↔ insubordinate/intransigent/incorrigible/
obstinate
tirade n. � � pliant ↔ intransigence/intractable
: a protracted speech usually marked by intemperate,
vituperative, or harshly censorious language train v. � � � � � : DIRECT
anger : tirade :: exaggeration : hyperbole
: to aim at an object or objective
trained ↔ ?
toady n. � � � : SYCOPHANT
: one who flatters in the hope of gaining favors
toady : flatter :: ??
trait n. � � : PECULIARITY

transcend vt. � � � � : OVERCOME

token adj/n. � � � /� �
ossify ↔ transcend conventions
token : exchange :: clamp : compression
taciturn : solemnity :: token : exchange
transfigure vt. � � � � � �
: to give a new and typically exalted or spiritual
tolerance n. � � /� �
appearance to
: the act of allowing something
transfer : location :: transfigure : aspect
: capacity to endure pain or hardship
transfigure : appearance :: transfer : location
bigot : tolerance :: turncoat : constancy
inured : tolerance :: addicted : dependency
posturer : unaffected :: bigot : tolerant transgress vt. � � � : VIOLATE
bigot : tolerant :: provincial : cosmopolitan rectitude : transgressive :: keenness : obtuse
transgression : morality :: presumption : propriety
tong n/v. � � /� � � � �
transient adj. � � � /� � � : TRANSITORY trophy n. � � �
opportune : convenience :: impermanent : transience(=) trophy : contestant :: honors : student
convoluted : complexity :: ephemeral : transience(#)
transient : vanish :: constant : perpetuate truant n. � � � � � �
transience ↔ permanence : one who shirks duty or work
transient ↔ lasting
transient ↔ protracted
truant : dutiful :: ??

transitory adj. � � � �
truculent adj. � � � /� � � � : CRUEL, SAVAGE
transitory : endure :: immutable : change
truculent : gentleness :: unregenerate : remorse
transitory ↔ enduring
truculent ↔ gentle
transient ↔ protracted
truculent ↔ pacific

translucent adj. � � � � : CLEAR, TRANSPARENT

trudge vt. � � � � � �
slack : tension :: opaque : translucence
lug : carry :: trudge : walk
translucent ↔ opaque
transparent adj. � � � /� � � �
: fine or sheer enough to be seen through truism n. � � � � �
: readily understood : an undoubted or self-evident truth; especially : one too
conspicuous : see :: transparent : understand obvious for mention
manifest/lucid : perceive :: transparent : understand truism ↔ unusual observation
opacity ↔ transparency
transparent ↔ deceitful truncate v. � � � /� � �
transparent ↔ delusive : to shorten by or as if by cutting off
truncate : extent :: simplify : complexity
traverse vt. � � � � � prolong ↔ truncate
diverge : apart :: traverse : across
tubby adj. � � � � � � � /� � �
travesty v. � � � � � � � : sounding dull and without proper resonance or freedom
: to make a travesty of ; parody or ridicule of sound
travesty ↔ paragon
tumbler n. � � � : ACROBAT
treacherous adj � � � � � : PERFIDIOUS
: likely to betray trust tumult n. � � : COMMOTION
treacherousness ↔ faithfulness tumultuous : bedlam :: active : hive
calm : frantic :: serene : tumultuous(#)
treaty n. � � tumult ↔ quietude/quiescence
rectify : treaty :: confirm : hypothesis tumult ↔ tranquility

tremendous adj. � � � /� � � turbid adj. � � � : FOUL, MUDDY

tremulous adj. � � � � � � /� � � � � � turbulent adj. � � � � /� � �

maelstrom : turbulent :: mirage : illusory
trenchant adj. � � � /� � �
trenchant ↔ vague/dull turgid adj. � � � : BOMBASTIC, POMPOUS
trenchant : insipid :: ?? : excessively embellished in style or language
turgid ↔ simple
trendsetter n. � � � � � � � � � � �
turmoil n. � �
turmoil ↔ tranquility
trepidation n. � � /� � : APPREHENSION
audacious : trepidation :: laconic : aspiration
dauntless : trepidation :: footloose : attachment turncoat n. � � � : TRAITOR
: one who switches to an opposing side or party
bigot : tolerance :: turncoat : constancy
trespass vi. � � � � � � /� � � � turncoat : constancy :: simpleton : sagacity
trespass ↔ undo
turncoat : consistency :: recluse : compassion
trespass ↔ obey

tutor n. � � � �
tribute n. � � : ENCOMIUM
: a gift or service showing respect, gratitude, or affection
tribute ↔ reprobation typo n. � � �
typo : text :: ??
trickle n. � � � � �
: a thin, slow, or intermittent stream or movement
blast : whiff :: gush : trickle U

trite adj. � � �
trite ↔ unbanal/unhackneyed ugly adj. � � : HIDEOUS
trite ↔ fresh pulchritude ↔ ugliness/hideousness
trite ↔ original
unavailing adj. � � � � : FUTILE/USELESS
triumph n. � �
unassuming adj. � � � � � � : MODEST, RETIRING
trivial adj. � � � : not assuming : not arrogant or presuming
substantive ↔ trivial
unassuming ↔ overbearing
trivial ↔ massive
unconventional adj. � � [ � � ]� � � � � � � untenable adj. � � � � � �
hero : admirable :: eccentric : unconventional : not able to be defended
untenable : defense :: invulnerable : injury
uncouth adj. � � � incontrovertible : disputed :: untenable : defended
: awkward and uncultivated in appearance, manner, or /intrepid : feared
behavior inalienable : surrendered :: untenable : depended
uncouth : churl :: conspiratorial : conniver
seemly ↔ uncouth untold adj. � � � � : INCALCULABLE, VAST
countless/innumerable/myriad/untold : number
unctuous adj. � � � � � /� � � :: everlasting/interminable : duration
: containing or composed of oil or fat untold ↔ able to quantify/quantifiable/calculable
: revealing or marked by a smug, ingratiating, and false
earnestness or spirituality untoward adj. � � � /� � � � /� � � : ADVERSE,
placebo : innocuous :: salve : unctuous UNPROPITIOUS
sanctimonious : devout :: unctuous : earnest : difficult to guide, manage, or work with
: marked by trouble or unhappiness
underdog n. � � : not favorable
: a victim of injustice or persecution untoward ↔ favorable and anticipated
underdog ↔ bully untoward ↔ fortunate
toward ↔ obdurate
undermine v. � � � � � /� � � � �
: to subvert or weaken insidiously or secretly untutored adj. � � � : NAIVE, UNSOPHISTICATED
undermine ↔ undergird : having no formal learning or training
aggrandize ↔ undermine untutored ↔ polished

underscore n/v. � � (� � ) unwonted adj. � �

underscore : emphasis :: brand : ownership : being out of the ordinary
underscore ↔ de-emphasize habit ↔ unwonted behavior
unwonted ↔ usual
unexceptionable adj. � � � � � � : UNIMPEACHABLE
: not open to objection or criticism ; beyond reproach upbraid vt. � � � � � � � �
unexceptionable : oppose :: unique : precedent : to reproach severely ; scold vehemently
upbraid ↔ laud/extol
unexceptional adj. � � � : COMMONPLACE
: not out of the ordinary uphold vt. � � � �
abrogate ↔ embrace/institute/uphold
unflappable adj. � � �
: marked by assurance and self-control uproar n. � �
unflappable : upset :: obstinate : persuade
unflappable ↔ disturbed upset v. � � � � � �
unflappable : upset :: obstinate : persuade
ungainly adj. � � � � /� � � � : CLUMSY
: lacking in smoothness or dexterity urbane adj. � � � : POLISHED
: having an awkward appearance urbane ↔ rude/rustic
loquacious : succinct :: adroit : ungainly
adroit ↔ ungainly urge vi. � � � �
ungainly ↔ dexterous : to present, advocate, or demand earnestly or pressingly
lissome ↔ ungainly didactic : teach :: hortatory : urge
/risible : ridicule
unimpeachable adj. � � � � � � � �
usurp vt. � � � � /� � � � � � � �
unkempt adj. � � � � � : to seize and hold (as office, place, or powers) in
: deficient in order or neatness possession by force or without right
unkempt ↔ dapper usurp : take :: overwhelm : defeat
impostor : identity :: usurper : authorization
unlettered adj. � � � impostor : imitation :: usurper : authentication
erudite ↔ smattering of knowledge/ignorant/unlettered

unpalatable adj. � � � /� � � : DISTASTEFUL V

unpretentious adj. � � � � � � : MODEST

bombastic ↔ unpretentious vacate v. (� ,� ) � � � �
vacate ↔ occupy
unrepentant adj. � � � � � �
: having or exhibiting no remorse vaccinate v. � � � � � �
unrepentant ↔ remorseful/attritional/compunctious overexposure : jaded :: vaccination : immune
soporific : sleep :: vaccinating : immunity
unrequited adj. � � � �
: not reciprocated or returned in kind vacillate adj. � � � � /� � � �
remunerative ↔ unrequited : FLUCTUATE, OSCILLATE
: to waver in mind, will, or feeling ; hesitate in choice of
unruly adj. � � � � � opinions or courses
: not readily ruled, disciplined, or managed impetuous : vacillation/hesitation :: bumptious :
subdued ↔ unruly humbleness
unruly : authority :: refractory : change vacillation : persistent :: inertia : reactant(#)
vancilate : persistent :: react : inert
vacillate : uncertain :: apologize : contrite : intensely emotional
adamant ↔ vacillatory : marked by forceful energy
impetuosity ↔ hesitance/vacillation vehement ↔ politic
pertinacity ↔ vacillation vehement ↔ languid
equipoise ↔ vacillate
vacillation ↔ desiciveness venom n. �
placebo : innocuous :: venom : toxious
vacuous adj. � � � /� � � : STUPID, INANE
vacuous ↔ intelligent/omniscient venal adj. � � � � � � /� � � � : PURCHASABLE
: open to corrupt influence and especially bribery
vagary n. � � � � /� � disinterested : partisanship :: venal : probity
: an erratic, unpredictable, or extravagant manifestation, venal ↔ unsusceptible of bribery
action, or notion
vagary : predict :: impossibility : execute vendor n. � � �
vagary : predict :: acme : surpass vendor : purvey :: censor : expurgate
unplumbed : depth :: unpredictable : vagary
veneer n. � � � (� � )/� � � � �
vagrant n/adj. � � � /� � � � : RANDOM foil : metal :: veneer : wood
: having no fixed course veneer : furniture :: baseboard : wall
vagrant ↔ fixed
venerate vt. � � /� � � �
vague adj. � � � � � /� � � perfunctorily : inspiration :: insolently : veneration
: not clearly defined, grasped, or understood venerable : reverence :: despicable : scorn
trenchant ↔ vague veneration ↔ derision
vague ↔ well defined venerate ↔ dishonor
venerate ↔ contempt
valediction n. � � � venerate ↔ disdain/distain
valediction ↔ greeting
vengeful adj. � � � � : REVENGEFUL
valiant adj. � � � � : COURAGEOUS demanding : satisfy :: vengeful : forgive
: possessing or acting with bravery or boldness
valiance ↔ pusillanimous venial adj. � � � � � /� � �
: meriting no particular censure or notice
valid adj. � � � venial : excuse :: pellucid : understand
specious ↔ valid
ventilate vt. � � � � �
vanquish vt. � � � �
: to defeat in a conflict or contest veracious adj. � � � /� � � : TRUTHFUL, HONEST
dominate : vanquished :: ?? veracious ↔ mendacious

vapid adj. � � � � : FLAT, DULL verbatim adj. � � � � � : WORD-FOR-WORD

: lacking liveliness, tang, briskness, or force : using exactly the same words; corresponding word for
bracing ↔ vapid word
vapid ↔ zealous paraphrase : verbatim :: approximate : precise
argot ↔ standard language/common verbalism
vaporize v. � � � � �
scuff : abrasion :: heat : vaporization verbose adj. � � � : WORDY
gasification ↔ solidification laconism ↔ verbosity
vaporization ↔ solidification verbosity ↔ succinctness
vaporous ↔ substantial
verdant adj. � � � � � � � /� � �
variance n. � � � /� � � : DIFFERENCE, VARIATION : green with growing plants
immutable ↔ variable : unripe in experience or judgment
variance ↔ congruity verdant ↔ sterile

varnish v/n. � � � � � /� � verdict n. � �

glaze : porcelain :: varnish : wood
varnish : glossy :: sand : smooth verify vt. � � � � /� � � �
varnish : wood :: wax : linoleum : to confirm or substantiate in law by oath
verifiable : plausible :: obfuscating : indiscernible(#)
vault n. � � � � refutation ↔ verification
larder : provisions :: vault : valuables unsubstantiated ↔ verified

vaunt v. � � � � /� � � : BRAG vermin n. � � � � �

: to call attention to pridefully and often boastfully
vaunt ↔ humble vernacular adj. � � � /� � �
vaunt ↔ seilf-deprecate : the everyday language spoken by a people as
vaunt ↔ downplay distinguished from the literary language
vaunting ↔ meek vernacular : place :: jargon : profession

veer v. � � � � � � versatile adj. � � � � � /� � � � �

: to turn aside from a course, direction, or purpose : having many uses or applications
veer : direction :: convert : belief versatile ↔ having limited application
veer ↔ maintain constant
vertigo n. � � � �
vehement adj. � � � /� � � � : POWERFUL vertigo : nauseate :: ??

vessel n. � �
aqueduct : water :: pipeline : gas
/vessel : blood
vestigial adj. � � � /� �
vestigial ↔ fully developed
veteran n. � � �
veto n. � � � : INTERDICTION
: an authoritative prohibition
veto : prohibitive :: overture : introductory
veto ↔ consent
vex vt. � � � � �
: to bring trouble, distress, or agitation to
conciliate ↔ vex
vex ↔ pacify/appease/soothe
vex ↔ conciliation
vex ↔ mollify
viable adj. � � � � �
: capable of living
elastic : expand :: viable : live
viability ↔ inability to live
vibrant adj. � � �
flagging ↔ vibrant
ponderous ↔ lively/vibrant/brisk
vicarious adj. � � �
vicious adj. � � � � �
benign ↔ vicious
vicissitude n. � � /� �
: the quality or state of being changeable
vicissitudinous ↔ unchanging
victimize vt. � � � � : SWINDLE
: to subject to deception or fraud
victimize ↔ treat fairly
vigilant adj. � � � � /� � � �
: alertly watchful especially to avoid danger
vigilant : entrapped :: exacting : satisfied
vigilant : entrapped :: wary : gulled
vigilant : waylaid :: wary : duped
watchful : waylaid :: cunning : gulled
vigilant ↔ oblivious
vigilant ↔ unalert
vigilant ↔ negligible/supine
vignette n. � � � � �
vignette : scene :: skit : drama
vigor n. � �
decrepit ↔ vigorous
vile adj. � � � /� � �
vilify v. � � �
vilification ↔ approbation
vilification ↔ beautification
vim n. � �
lassitude ↔ vim/animation
vindicate v. (� � ,� � � )� �
: to free from allegation or blame
calumniate ↔ vindicate
impugn ↔ vindicate
vindictive adj. � � � � : VENGEFUL
: disposed to seek revenge
mercenary : money :: vindictive : revenge
violate vt. � � � � : RAPE
virility n. � � � �
�
virtuoso n. � �
: a person who has great skill at some endeavor
virtuoso : skill :: potentate : power
virtuoso : mediocre :: ??
virtuosity ↔ mediocrity
virtuosity ↔ beginner
virtuous adj. � � � /� � �
doldrums : energy :: depravity : virtue
base ↔ virtuous
nefarious ↔ above reproach/virtuous
virulent adj. � � � � /� � � �
virulent ↔ salubrious
viscous adj. � � � : VISCID
glutinous ↔ non viscous
visionary adj. � � �
visionary : idealistic :: officious : obliging(>)
vista n. � � : PROSPECT
placebo : painkiller :: backdrop : vista
vitality n. � � �
: SUBSTITUTIONARY attenuate : thickness :: enervate : vitality
dehydrate : water :: wither : vitality
: DEPRAVED enervation : vitality :: debase : value
arrest ↔ vitalize
vitality ↔ enervation
vitiate v. � � � � � /� � � � � : IMPAIR
: to debase in moral or aesthetic status
vitiate ↔ fortify/strengthen
vitrify vi. � � � � � � �
: to convert into glass or a glassy substance by heat and
fusion
tarnish : dull :: vitrify : smooth
vituperative adj. � � � � /� � �
vituperative ↔ admirable/complimentary
vituperate ↔ admire
vivacious adj. � � � � /� � � : SPRIGHTLY
vivid : intensify :: ??
phlegmatic ↔ vivacious
vivacious ↔ languid
vivid ↔ weary
vociferous adj. � � � �
: marked by or given to vehement insistent outcry
vociferous ↔ reticent/monotone/serene/still
vociferous : monotone :: ??
vogue n. � � : POPULARITY
volatile adj. � � � � /� � � �
: characterized by or subject to rapid or unexpected
change
craven : heroic :: volatile : constant(#)
volatile : temper :: ready : wit
volatile ↔ constant
volition n. � � /� � � : WILL
: the power of choosing or determining
volition ↔ inability to choose
voluble adj. � � � : GLIB, FLUENT
voluble : speech :: licentious : dissoluteness
maladroit : deft :: voluble : terse(#) /wary : gulled
volubility ↔ taciturnity
laconic ↔ voluble wastrel n. � � � : PROFLIGATE
voluble ↔ taciturn/succinct/reticent : one who dissipates resources foolishly and self-
indulgently
voluminous adj. � � � � /� � � inexperience : neophyte :: irresponsibility : wastrel
: having or marked by great volume or bulk
voluminous ↔ scanty/scarce waterproof adj. � � �
waterproof ↔ permeable
voluptuous adj. � � � � �
: given to or spent in enjoyments of luxury, pleasure, or watershed n. � � � : TURNING POINT
sensual gratifications : a crucial dividing point, line, or factor
voluptuary ↔ ascetic watershed ↔ routine
spartan ↔ sybaritic/indulgent/voluptuous/luxurious
voluptuous ↔ self contained/self denying
wax vt/n. (� � ,� � ) � � � � /� � /� � �
: to increase in size, numbers, strength, prosperity, or
vomit n. � � � intensity
vomit : disgorge :: ?? varnish : wood :: wax : linoleum
wax ↔ decrease
voracious adj. � � � � � � : INSATIABLE wax ↔ waste away
: excessively eager flag ↔ wax
: having a huge appetite wane ↔ wax
impassive : perturb :: voracious : satisfy
voracity ↔ lack of appetite wheedle vt. � � � � � � � � � � �
: to obtain through the use of flattery or guile
votary n. � � � wheedle : cajolery :: extort : coercion
: a staunch believer or advocate
votary ↔ skeptic whet vt. � � � � � �
blunt ↔ whet
vouch vi. � � � �
vouch ↔ refuse to guarantee whiff n. � � � �
blast : whiff :: gush : trickle(>)
vulgar adj. � � � /� � � � : COARSE
genteel : vulgarity :: intrepid : fear(#) whimsical adj. � � � � �
caprice : whimsical :: stealth : furtive
/discontent : unsatisfied
W mercurial : mood :: whimsical : behavior
whimsical : caprice :: insightful : penetration

wholesome adj. � � � /� � � � �
waffle vi. � � � � � � � � � � : BLATHER
: promoting health or well-being of mind or spirit
: to speak or write evasively
decadence ↔ wholesomeness
waffle ↔ speak unequivocally
tainted ↔ unspoiled/wholesome
waffle : enunciate :: embed : disinter(#)
wholesome ↔ deleterious
insalubrious ↔ wholesome
wag n. � � � : WIT, JOKER morbid ↔ wholesome
ludicrous : buffoon :: dissolute : libertine noxious ↔ wholesome/sanitary/innocuous
/humorous : wag
wag : humorous :: dolt : stupid
wick n. � � � �
wan adj. � � � /� � � wicked adj. � � � : EVIL
wan ↔ hale
nefarious : wickedness :: generous : liberality(=)

wane v. � � � � /� � � �
burgeoning ↔ waning
welter vi. � � � � � � �
: to be in turmoil
resurgence ↔ waning vitally

want n. � �
wily adj. � � � : CRAFTY
repletion ↔ want
wince v. � � [� � ] � � : FLINCH
: to shrink back involuntarily (as from pain)
wanton adj. � � � � : MISCHIEVOUS
wince : pain :: smile : pleasure
/pout : displeasure /sneer : contempt
wardrobe n. � � : CLOTHESPRESS
larder : food :: wardrobe : clothes
windbag n. � � � �
windbag ↔ taciturnity
warmonger n. � � � � � : JINGO
: one who urges or attempts to stir up war
windy adj. � � � � /� � �
dove ↔ warmonger/jingoist
windy : concise :: hackneyed : original(#)

warrant vt. � � � � � �
winnow v. � � � �
gratuitous ↔ warranted/merited
: to remove (as chaff) by a current of air
winnow : chaff :: filter : impurities
wary adj. � � � � � � winnow : grain :: purify : water
: marked by keen caution, cunning, and watchful prudence
especially in detecting and escaping danger
winsome adj. � � � �
vigilant : entrapped :: exacting : satisfied
: generally pleasing and engaging often because of a
childlike charm and innocence obsequious : fawn :: compliant : yield
unprepossessing ↔ entrancing/winsome adamant : yield :: cautious : gamble
acquiesce : yielding :: capitulate : categorical
wit n. � � /� � � � � : INGENUITY meek ↔ unyielding
volatile : temper :: ready : wit dogged ↔ yielded
wit ↔ dullard outmaneuver ↔ yield

witch n. � � : SORCERESS yoke vt. � � � � � /� � � �

retainer : retinue :: witch : coven sunder ↔ combine/yoke/bond
retinue : attendant :: coven : witch
/staff : officer
Z
withdraw vi. � � � � /� � � �
: to become socially or emotionally detached
roisterer : carouse :: recluse : withdraw
zeal n. � � : FERVOR
press ↔ withdrawal
: eagerness and ardent interest in pursuit of something
devoted : zealous :: careful : fastidious(<)
wither vt. � � � /� � � � fervor : zealot :: improvidence : spendthrift
: to lose vitality, force, or freshness miser : munificent :: zealot : blasé
dehydrate : water :: wither : vitality zealous : dedication :: mesmeric : interest(>)
burgeon ↔ wither fanatic : admirer :: zealot : adherent(>)
wither ↔ revive torpor ↔ zeal
zealotry ↔ lack of fervor
withhold vt. � � � � /� � � � vapid ↔ zealous
: to refrain from granting, giving, or allowing
withhold ↔ grant zest n. � � : RELISH, GUSTO

wizen adj. � � zigzag n. � � � � �

wizened ↔ thriving/blooming zigzag : turns :: montage : images

wobble vi. � � � � /� � � � � zone vi. � � � �

wobble ↔ stabilize land : zoning :: ??

woo v. � � � � : COURT
: to sue for the affection of and usually marriage with
adulate : fawn :: woo : adore

wordsmith n. � � �
raconteur : storytelling :: wordsmith : writing

worldly adj. � � � � /� � � : MUNDANE

: of, relating to, or devoted to this world and its pursuits
rather than to religion or spiritual affairs
worldly ↔ singular
worldly ↔ naïve/spiritual

worship n. � �
worship : sacrifice :: prediction : augury

wrangler n. � � � � : COWBOY
lariat : wrangler :: crook : shepherd

writ n. � � /� � � �

wry adj. (� � � )� � � � /� � �
: cleverly and often ironically or grimly humorous
: having a bent or twisted shape or condition
fluent : glib :: humorous : wry
wry ↔ even/straight/true/direct/undeviating

yacht n. � �

yardstick n. � � �

yaw v. � � � � � � � � /� � � �

yield vi. � � � � /� � � � /� � �
beneficent : harm :: tenacious : yield(#)
tenacious : yield :: insouciant : worry(#)
evanescent : disappear :: pliant : yield(=)
default : pay :: yield : resist(#)