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BERNARD MANDEVILLE VE ARILAR MESEL N. Ekrem Dzen SUNU Bernard Mandeville, bir siyasi ahlak kuramcs. Makyavel kadar yaygn bir ne sahip olmamakla birlikte baz siyaset bilimcilerin gznde kymeti ondan aa deil. Merkantilist adan kapitalist aa gei evresinde (17. yzyl sonu, 18. yzyl ba) yaam, asl meslei hekimlik olan, zanaatkr-lim-filozof kuann son fertlerinden. 1705 tarihli Arlar Meseli, zamann toplumsal yaayna ilikin bir zmleme, eletiri ve kuram metni. Bu eser, siyasi g ve ekonomik refahn varolma ve srdrlme koullarnn ahlak dizgeleriyle iieliinden hareketle, ahlaki erevenin de siyasi g ve ekonomik refahn belirleyicisi olduu, giderek olmas gerektii dncesini iletiyor. Dolaysyla, bazen ak bazen rtk olarak, ahlaki dzenleme faaliyetini, temel dzenleyici unsur olarak ne karyor. Mandeville, Arlar Meselinin banda, eserinin ana fikrini Homurdanan Kovan veya Dzenbazn Drstl adn verdii bir manzumeyle zetlemi. Kitabn bandaki bu manzum blm, bir eviri merakls iin balbana bir macera davetiyesi. Ben bu davete ne yalan syleyeyim, biraz da ocuka bir meydan okuma drtsyle icabet etmek istedim. Bu eviri, birebir szlk anlam kullanmaktan syleyi zelliine gre yeniden yazmaya dek pek ok eviri yaklamn ayn anda barndryor. Farkl yaklamlardan birini seerek btn manzumeyi evirmek bana mmkn grnmedi. Bununla birlikte, zgn anlam kaybedecek denli zenginletirme ya da fakirletirme yapmamaya ve dizelerin srasn olabildiince bozmamaya altm. Mellife sadakatim samimidir, lakin muhtemelen drtlerime yenilmiliim daha oktur. Manzumeyi kendi bana bir btn olarak grmek mmkn. Bu yzden kitabn evirisini beklemeden manzumenin evirisini yaynlamann sakncas olmayacan dnyorum. Bu ekilde hem Mandevillei hem eserini nceden tanmak mmkn olacak. eviri, sol stunda zgn ngilizce manzume, sa stunda Trkesi olacak ekilde sunuluyor. Mandevillein kendi sunuunu da manzumenin hemen nnde bulacaksnz. Eer Mandevillein satirik slubunu yanstabildiysem, okur baz dizeleri okurken ironiyle glmserse, ok mutlu olacam. Kusurlarm iaret eden olur ise bam stne Teekkr: nce bu manzumeyle karlamama sebep olan Erkan Uzun, Ebru Akman, ve Fisun Demire, sonra da eviriyi okuyarak, neriler gelitirerek, benim yksek sesle okumalarma tebessmle tahamml gstererek katkda bulunan herkese ok teekkr ederim: zgr Erba, Kerem Kandemir, Nil Mutluer, ala Glol, Ahmet Tosun, Suat zada, Belgin Zorlu, Murat Ba, Nezih Dzen, Yudit Namer, Sevgi Can Yac Aksel, Ebru Turgut.

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ARILAR MESEL MANEDVILLEIN SUNUU Sadece ok az sayda insann kendisini anlayabilmesinin en byk nedenlerinden biri, yazarlarn ounun insanlara ne olmalar gerektiini sylemesidir; ama onlara gerekte ne olduklarn sylemeyi pek dert etmezler. Kendi adma, saygn okuyucuyu veya kendimi kayrmakszn, inanyorum ki insan (gze ak olan etin ve kemiin yansra) pek ok arzunun bir bileimidir; bu arzularn her biri, sras geldiinde harekete geip ste ktnda, kii istesin ya da istemesin, onu hkmne alr. Gya utandmz bu vasflarn, toplumun byyp gelimesine byk katkda bulunduunu gstermek buradaki manzumenin konusunu oluturuyor. Ancak, manzume boyunca paradoks arz eder gibi grnen blmler iin giri ksmnda baz aklayc notlar bulacaksnz; daha yararl hale getirmek zere, insann, kusurlarna ramen, erdemle taksiri ayrmay renmek iin bundan daha iyi bir donanma sahip olmadn gstermeye uygun dtne inandm bir aklama: Ve burada okuyucudan unu aklndan hi karmamasn istirham ediyorum; nsan demekle Yahudileri ya da Hristiyanlar deil, sadece nsan kastediyorum; olduu haliyle ve btndan habersiz olan.

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THE GRUMBLING HIVE OR, KNAVES TURND HONEST A Spacious Hive well stockd with Bees, That livd in Luxury and Ease; And yet as famd for Laws and Arms, As yielding large and early Swarms; Was counted the great Nursery Of Sciences and Industry. No Bees had better Government, More Fickleness, or less Content: They were not Slaves to Tyranny, Nor ruld by wild Democracy; But Kings, that could not wrong, because Their Power was circumscribd by Laws.

HOMURDANAN KOVAN VEYA, DZENBAZIN DRSTL KOCA bir kovan vard, arlarla dopdolu, Rahatlk ve kolaylktan geerdi hayat yolu; nlenmilerdi kanun ve kuvvet sermekle, Byk ve gen oullar vermekle. Herkes bilirdi o byk kuca, Bilimlerin ve sanatlarn oca. Bundan iyi hkmet grmedi hibir ar, Ne daha mutlu oldu ne daha uar, Despotlua boyun eip klelie inmediler, Lakin ham demokrasiyle de yetinmediler; Krallar vard ki yanl yapmazlard ktidar eviren kanundan sapmazlard.

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T H E S E Insects livd like Men, and all Our Actions they performd in small: They did whatevers done in Town, And what belongs to Sword or Gown: Tho th Artful Works, by nimble Slight Of minute Limbs, scapd Human Sight; Yet weve no Engines, Labourers, Ships, Castles, Arms, Artificers, Craft, Science, Shop, or Instrument, But they had an Equivalent: Which, since their Language is unknown, Must be calld, as we do our own. As grant, that among other Things, They wanted Dice, yet they had Kings; And those had Guards; from whence we may Justly conclude, they had some Play; Unless a Regiment be shewn Of Soldiers, that make use of none. VA S T Numbers throngd the fruitful Hive; Yet those vast Numbers made em thrive; Millions endeavouring to supply Each others Lust and Vanity; While other Millions were employd, To see their Handy-works destroyd; They furnishd half the Universe; Yet had more Work than Labourers. Some with vast Stocks, and little Pains, Jumpd into Business of great Gains; And some were damnd to Sythes and Spades, And all those hard laborious Trades;

TIPKI insanlar gibiydi arlarn yaam Bizden narin tavrlarla ederlerdi akam: Ne yaplrsa bir kentte, o yaplrd bu kovanda, Cppe giyen de vard elbet, kl kuanan da: Minik eklemlerin minik hareketleri yznden, Kam olsa da hnerli ileri insann gznden; Bizde nasl varsa silahlar ve makineler, Ustalar, ordular, kaleler ve tekneler, Alet-edevat, zanaat, ticaret ve bilim, Onlarda da vard bunlara e bir ilim: Ama bilmediimiz iin dillerini, Bizde naslsa yle anmal fiillerini. Nimetler arasndan bir ksmet ararken Krallar geti baa, talihe adres sorarken Eh, stne kraln muhafzlarn da koyun, Demek ki var bu iin iinde bir oyun; Meer ki ksn ortaya bir tmen nk asker ne muhafz tanr ne dmen. YIINLAR bereketli kovana dolutu, Ve kalabalkla birlikte bolluk, refah olutu; Milyonlar ortaya koydu kuvvetini, Doyurmaya birbirinin kibrini, ehvetini; Baka milyonlar da baka ilere girecekti, Ve yaptklarnn nasl ykldn grecekti; Donattlar dnyann yarsn; ancak, iden daha ok i vard yapacak. Kiminin ok mal vard, ie atld, Az bir abayla kazancna kazan katld; Kimi mahkm oldu kazma krek bana, Ve zahmetli uralardan gelen bulgur ana;

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Where willing Wretches daily sweat, And wear out Strength and Limbs to eat: While others followd Mysteries, To which few Folks bind Prentices; That want no Stock, but that of Brass, And may set up without a Cross; As Sharpers, Parasites, Pimps, Players, Pick-pockets, Coiners, Quacks, South-sayers, And all those, that in Enmity, With downright Working, cunningly Convert to their own Use the Labour Of their good-naturd heedless Neighbour. These were calld Knaves, but bar the Name, The grave Industrious were the same: All Trades and Places knew some Cheat, No Calling was without Deceit. T H E Lawyers, of whose Art the Basis Was raising Feuds and splitting Cases, Opposd all Registers, that Cheats Might make more Work with dipt Estates; As wert unlawful, that ones own, Without a Law-Suit, should be known. They kept off Hearings wilfully, To finger the refreshing Fee; And to defend a wicked Cause, Examind and surveyd the Laws, As Burglars Shops and Houses do, To find out where theyd best break through.

Heveskr biareler her gn dkerken ter, Tkenirken kollarda derman, gzlerde fer: Bazlar dt esrarl sanatlara, Herkesin rak vermedii zanaatlara; Mangrdayd gzleri, mal deildi onlarn niyaz, Ve pekl abdestsiz de klarlard namaz; Dolandrclar, sahtekrlar, pezevenkler, arlatanlar, ktlar, yankesiciler, falclar, kalpazanlar, te bunlarn hepsi, kin gderdi, Doru drst alana, hinlik ederdi, evirip kendi usulne iin gereini, Kullanrd iyi huylu safdil komunun emeini. Dzenbazd bunlar, ama dikkatle anmal bu ismi, alkann da ayn hamurdan yorulmutu cismi: Her imalat ve ticaret bilirdi biraz alavere, Hibir i yoktu ki olmasn iinde dalavere. AVUKATLARn meslek icab abalar, Anlamazlk kartmak ve oaltmakt davalar; Kayda kuyda aldrmazlard, nk oyun ve hile Daha ok i yapard ipotek dairesinden bile; Gya kanunsuz deildi takip fasl, Naslsa mahkemesiz kmazd iin asl. Kasten savsaklayp durdular celseleri, celpleri, cretleri ykseltip iirmek iin cepleri; Ve habis bir davay getirmek iin oyuna, Kanunlar didikleyip detiler enine boyuna; Hrsz ev gzetler gibi izlediler her loluu, Bulmak iin girilecek zayf boluu.

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P H Y S I C I A N S valud Fame and Wealth Above the drooping Patients Health, Or their own Skill: The greatest Part Studyd, instead of Rules of Art, Grave pensive Looks and dull Behaviour, To gain th Apothecarys Favour; The Praise of Midwives, Priests, and all That servd at Birth or Funeral. To bear with th ever-talking Tribe, And hear my Ladys Aunt prescribe; With formal Smile, and kind How dye, To fawn on all the Family; And, which of all the greatest Curse is, Tendure th Impertinence of Nurses. A M O N G the many Priests of Jove, Hird to draw Blessings from Above, Some few were Learnd and Eloquent, But thousands Hot and Ignorant: Yet all passd Muster that could hide Their Sloth, Lust, Avarice and Pride; For which they were as famd as Tailors For Cabbage, or for Brandy Sailors: Some, meagre-lookd, and meanly clad, Would mystically pray for Bread, Meaning by that an ample Store, Yet litrally received no more; And, while these holy Drudges starvd, The lazy Ones, for which they servd, Indulgd their Ease, with all the Graces Of Health and Plenty in their Faces.

DOKTORLARn ad san pek saygn, Hastalarn dermanszlndan da yaygn; Hatta marifetlerinden: Pek ok defa Rol kestiler; sanatlar vermedi bir ifa. Tavrlar kuru ve skc, baklar baygn ve kayk, Olmak iin eczacnn vgsne layk, Ve ebe ile rahibin iltifatna mazhar, Onlar ki ya beik bandadr ya mezar. Cemaatin gevezeliinden aslmaz suratlar, Kocakar ilalarn iitmektir muratlar; Hal hatr sorarlar glckler atarak, Btn mahalleyi yalayp alttan alarak, Ve gerekirse lanetlerin en byn anmak, Derim ki hemirelerin kstahlna dayanmak. GKLERN hizmetkr molla takm, ekmekti ileri yukardan ilahi akm; lim ve belagat pek aznn ismiydi, Ama arszlk ve cehalet binlercesinin resmiydi: Diyanetten alnm icazetti onlar aklayan, Tembellik, tamah ve kibirlerini saklayan, Bunlard oysa hretleri, nasl ki bir berber Makasyla bilinir, ve demirci rsyle beraber: Bazs, perian klk ve sefil bakla, Ekmek dilenirdi uhrevi yakarla; Demek ki doluydu birilerinin kileri, Ama nedense hep bo kalrd elleri; Ve alktan lrken bu kutsal uyuzlar, Hizmet ettikleri tembel domuzlar, Btn hametleriyle kardlar rahatln tadn, Yzlerinden okurdunuz salk ve bereketin adn.

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T H E Soldiers, that were forcd to fight, If they survivd, got Honour byt; Tho some, that shunnd the bloody Fray, Had Limbs shot off, that ran away: Some valiant Genrals fought the Foe; Others took Bribes to let them go: Some venturd always where twas warm, Lost now a Leg, and then an Arm; Till quite disabled, and put by, They livd on half their Salary; While others never came in Play, And staid at Home for double Pay. T H E I R Kings were servd, but Knavishly, Cheated by their own Ministry; Many, that for their Welfare slaved, Robbing the very Crown they saved: Pensions were small, and they livd high, Yet boasted of their Honesty. Calling, wheneer they straind their Right, The slippry Trick a Perquisite; And when Folks understood their Cant, They changd that for Emolument; Unwilling to be short or plain, In any thing concerning Gain; For there was not a Bee but would Get more, I wont say, than he should; But than he dard to let them know, That payd fort; as your Gamesters do, That, tho at fair Play, neer will own Before the Losers what theyve won.

ASKERLER savamaya zorlandlar, Sa kaldlarsa eer, onur kazandlar; Kanmaya alan kanl kavgadan, Vurup kendini svt kargaadan: Baz yiitler kp alt ettiyse de rakibi, Dierleri ald rveti ve brakt takibi: Kimi kendini atee att, cesaret dolu, imdi baca koptu, biraz sonra kolu; Tutar yeri kalmaynca bir kenara atld, Yarm ayln insafna satld; Oysa hi gelmeyenler vard masaya, Oturup evlerinde, ift maa dizdiler kasaya. KRALLARINA hizmet, sinsice grlrd, Hilebazlk, Vekillerden balayarak rlrd. Refahlar iin kle ettikleri pek oktu, Koruduklar tac soymakta beisleri yoktu: denekler azd ama lksten geri durmazlard, Ve drstlklerine toz kondurmazlard. Her ne zaman zora girse paylarn almak, Bunun da numaras, bahi diyerek almak; Uyanacak olursa etraf riyakrn hilesine, evirirlerdi adn hizmetkrn hissesine; stemezlerdi yoksunluk, aza kanaat, Kalmazlard gerisinde, varsa menfaat; Hibir ar yoktu ki almasn daha ounu, Almas gerekenden getim, varn younu; O miktar sylemeye yetmez creti, Ekya gibi saklar ald creti, Bilir ki adil bir oyunda kazanamaz, Garibann elindekini ekip alamaz.

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B U T who can all their Frauds repeat? The very Stuff, which in the Street They sold for Dirt tenrich the Ground Was often by the Buyers found, Sophisticated with a quarter, Of good-for-nothing Stones and Mortar; Tho Flail had little Cause to mutter, Who sold the other Salt for Butter. J U S T I C E her self, famd for fair Dealing, By Blindness had not lost her Feeling; Her Left Hand, which the Scales should hold, Had often dropt em, bribd with Gold; And, tho she seemd Impartial, Where Punishment was corporal, Pretended to a reglar Course, In Murther, and all Crimes of Force; Tho some, first pilloryd for Cheating, Were hangd in Hemp of their own beating; Yet, it was thought, the Sword she bore Checkd but the Desprate and the Poor; That, urgd by meer Necessity, Were tyd up to the wretched Tree For Crimes, which not deservd that Fate, But to secure the Rich and Great. T H U S every Part was full of Vice, Yet the whole Mass a Paradise; Flatterd in Peace, and feard in Wars, They were th Esteem of Foreigners,

Y de kim bu dmenleri bulup evirir? Onlar ki ortaln crufunu ortala devirir, Ve satarlar gbre diye, budur tarlann az, bitince anlar mteri, urad kaz; Allanp pullanmtr be on paraya, Toz topraktr hal bu ki, gelmez daraya; Tepinip dursa da boa yorar ayan, O da tekine tuz satmtr, gsterip tereyan. ADALET anyla bilirdi uzlamann dengesini, Krlyle sezerdi yozlamann glgesini, Sol eli tutmalyken terazinin kolunu, Drrd mizan, grnce altnn yolunu; Grndyse de bsbtn tarafsz, Hele ki ceza cana verilmise, afsz, Dzmece bir mahkemeydi sonu, ster cinayet olsun dava ister cebr su; Bazsnn yzne arpldysa da oyunu, Yine kendi eirdii urgana gitti boyunu; Hani derler ya adaletin klc keskindir, Nedense kestii hep aciz ile miskindir; Arzuhli grmekken vazifesi, Balamt elini beylerin silsilesi Ki haksz ceza alanlara ulamasn, Gly gzetmekten baka ile uramasn. VELHASIL alaklk kol geziyordu her cihette, Ama ynlar oturuyordu sanki cennette; Barta mutluluk, savata utkuya talip, Rakiplerin gznde yksek itibara sahip,

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And lavish of their Wealth and Lives, The Balance of all other Hives. Such were the Blessings of that State; Their Crimes conspird to make them Great: And Virtue, who from Politicks Had learnd a Thousand Cunning Tricks, Was, by their happy Influence, Made Friends with Vice: And ever since, The worst of all the Multitude Did something for the Common Good. T H I S was the States Craft, that maintaind The Whole of which each Part complaind: This, as in Musick Harmony, Made Jarrings in the main agree; Parties directly opposite, Assist each other, as twere for Spight; And Temprance with Sobriety, Serve Drunkenness and Gluttony. T H E Root of Evil, Avarice, That damnd ill-naturd baneful Vice, Was Slave to Prodigality, That noble Sin; whilst Luxury Employd a Million of the Poor, And odious Pride a Million more: Envy it self, and Vanity, Were Ministers of Industry; Their darling Folly, Fickleness, In Diet, Furniture and Dress,

Hovardas onlar bu hayatn ve zenginliin, Dengesi btn kovanlarn ve dinginliin, te bunlard bu devletin nimetleri, Byyordu, yayldka crm hizmetleri: Ve erdem, siyasetten ezberliydi, Bin kurnazn hilesinden haberliydi; Bu kutlu mnasebet bakmyla, Yolda oldu muhannet takmyla; Daha beteri bulunmad bu tayfada, Hi faydas grlmedi ortak sayfada. BUYDU devletin ileri, birlii byle salard, Ve yine her kesim ikyet edip alard: Nasl amazsa mziin ahengi, Curcunayla, oynamazsa mihengi, Muhalifler de birbirine ederken itiraz, Mttefik oluverirler, karrken garaz; Ve kl, alarak mklu yedeine, Ya srer sarho ile tamahkrn ekmeine. AGZLLK btn ktlklerin anas, Kahrolas alaklklarn daniskas, Onu bile kle etmitir tamah ve israf, O soylu gnah; ve bir yanda lks iin masraf Emrine alrken bir milyon pulsuz, Pis gurur da altrr bir milyon ulsuz: Haset ve kibir, bizzat bu ikili, Biri nzrdr sanayinin, dieri vekili; Sevgili soytarlar kapristir seme azman, Al veri, giyim kuam, ve yeme ime uzman,

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That strange ridiclous Vice, was made The very Wheel that turnd the Trade. Their Laws and Clothes were equally Objects of Mutability; For, what was well done for a time, In half a Year became a Crime; Yet while they alterd thus their Laws, Still finding and correcting Flaws, They mended by Inconstancy Faults, which no Prudence could foresee. T H U S Vice nursd Ingenuity, Which joind with Time and Industry, Had carryd Lifes Conveniencies, Its real Pleasures, Comforts, Ease, To such a Height, the very Poor Livd better than the Rich before, And nothing could be added more. H O W Vain is Mortal Happiness! Had they but known the Bounds of Bliss; And that Perfection here below Is more than Gods can well bestow; The Grumbling Brutes had been content With Ministers and Government. But they, at every ill Success, Like Creatures lost without Redress, Cursd Politicians, Armies, Fleets; While every one cryd, Damn the Cheats, And would, tho conscious of his own, In others barbrously bear none.

O glnesi, tuhaf yamak yaratr bu fark, Onun marifetiyle dner ticaretin ark. Kanunlar da kostmleri gibi durmaz yerli yerinde, Deiir de deiir her seferinde; imdi uygundur diye verilen hkm, Alt ayda oluverir byk bir crm; Kanunlarn evirip devirseler de, Kusurlarn bulup evirseler de, Uydurmadr dzeltmeler, varmaz istikrara, Hibir nlem ilemez batan yanl karara. TE byledir dzenbazln yenilii yaratmas, Zenginliin emekle birlikte boy atmas, Srtlanp hayatn zahmetini, yle oaltmtr ki zevksefann rahmetini, Bulmak istersen imdiki fukarann dengini, Bak, daha sefildir eski zamann zengini; Artk daha da geniletemez bu engini. NE beyhudedir fanilerin mutluluk aray! Keke bilseler, ne genitir sevincin kavray; Ve yeryz, ylesine mkemmel ve eriilmez, Gklerin ltfuyla bile bu mertebeye yetiilmez; Homurdanan yabaniler geri dururdu ikyetten, Memnun olurdu vekillerden ve hkmetten. Ama onlar, baarszla uradklar an, Tkezleyip toparlayamadklar zaman, Politikaclara ve askerlere lanet yadrr; Kahrolsun yolsuzluk diye svp saydrr; Ve bilerek kendi yorulduklar hamuru, Kyasya atarlar bakasna amuru.

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O N E, that had got a Princely Store, By cheating Master, King and Poor, Dard cry aloud, The Land must sink For all its Fraud; And whom dye think The Sermonizing Rascal chid? A Glover that sold Lamb for Kid. The least thing was not done amiss, Or crossd the Publick Business; But all the Rogues cryd brazenly, Good Gods, Had we but Honesty! Mercry smild at th Impudence, And others calld it want of Sense, Always to rail at what they lovd: But Jove with Indignation movd, At last in Anger swore, Hed rid The bawling Hive of Fraud; and did. The very Moment it departs, And Honesty fills all their Hearts; There shews em, like th Instructive Tree, Those Crimes which theyre ashamd to see; Which now in Silence they confess, By blushing at their Ugliness: Like Children, that would hide their Faults, And by their Colour own their Thoughts: Imagning, when theyre lookd upon, That others see what they have done.

MALI mlk ykleyip ymlardan bir kii, Efendiyi, kral ve yoksulu dolandrmakt ii; Batsn bu lke, diyerek, ykseltti sesini cretle, Yetsin bu sahtekrlk, dedi; ve bakn ibretle, Kimi ktledi bu arlatan yalva? Kuzuyu kei diye satan bir sara. Yer verilmedi en kk bir ihmale, Ne de kamu yararna kar bir ihlale; lklarn ayyuka kartt meyuslar: Ey tanrlar, bizden sorulmaz m namus ve ar! erilerin Prini gldrd bu ftursuzluk, Oysa buydu ite apak uursuzluk, u hep kendi arzusu peindeki kervan: Ama silkindi Gkyz koparp bir feveran, Ve nihayet fke iinde etti yeminini; Serdi kt kovann datmann zeminini. Balad anda yerine geldi sz, Ve drstlkle doldu btn yreklerin z. Gsterildi onlara, sanki armhlarna akld, Grmekten utandklar crmleri balarna takld. imdi onlar sessizce gnahlarn itiraf etmekte, Ve irkinlikleri, kzarp bozarmalarna yetmekte. Kabahatini saklamaya alan ocuk misali, Yznn rengidir ya aklndan geenin emsali, Hani endieyle gzn yukar devirmitir, Ya anlalrsa diye, aslnda ne iler evirmitir.

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B U T, Oh ye Gods! What Consternation, How vast and sudden was th Alteration! In half an Hour, the Nation round, Meat fell a Peny in the Pound. The Mask Hypocrisys flung down, From the great Statesman to the Clown: And some in borrowd Looks well known, Appeard like Strangers in their own. The Bar was silent from that Day; For now the willing Debtors pay, Evn whats by Creditors forgot; Who quitted them that had it not. Those, that were in the Wrong, stood mute, And dropt the patchd vexatious Suit: On which since nothing less can thrive, Than Lawyers in an honest Hive, All, except those that got enough, With Inkhorns by their sides troopd off. J U S T I C E hangd some, set others free; And after Goal delivery, Her Presence being no more requird, With all her Train and Pomp retird.

LKN ey ilahlar, o ne byk aknlkt, aman; Nasl da apansz deiti her ey, pek yaman! Yarm saatte tersyz oldu lkenin duruu; Etin kilosu, liradan inip grd kuruu. kiyzlln maskesi dt beriye, Ne devlet adam kald ne soytar geriye: Burnu havada takmnn nde gidenleri, Kendilerine yabanc geldi kendi benleri. Barodan ses gelmiyor o gnden beri, nk imdi borlular istekle dyor geri; Alacakllarn unutup yok saydklar bile, Vazgeilmi olsa da imdi geiyor ele. Yanlta olanlar, t karmadan baktlar, Uydur kaydr dzenlerini ellerinden braktlar. Hal byleyken, ii olmayan bu meydanda, Avukatlard elbet, namuslu bir kovanda; Bundan hariti tabii yk tutan okkayla, Onlar da svverdi mrekkepsiz hokkayla. ADALET kimini ast kimini brakt serbest; Ve encam edilince derdest, Artk ihtiya duyulmad terifatna, Yol verildi btn maiyet ve tefriatna.

First marchd some Smiths with Locks and Grates, nce baz ustalar gitti kilitleri ve itleriyle, Fetters, and Doors with Iron Plates: Dkme kaplar ve zincirli geitleriyle: Next Goalers, Turnkeys and Assistants: Before the Goddess, at some distance, Her chief and faithful Minister, Squire CA T C H, the Laws great Finisher, Bore not th imaginary Sword, But his own Tools, an Ax and Cord: Sonra bekiler, ilingirler ve yamaklar, Tanrann nsra yrd ulaklar; nde Bostancba, gzde ve sadk vekil, Onun eliyle verilirdi kanuna son bir ekil; O hayali kl deildi tad tertip, Fakat kendi endazesi, bir balta ve bir ip:

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Then on a Cloud the Hood-winkd Fair, J U S T I C E her self was pushd by Air: About her Chariot, and behind, Were Serjeants, Bums of every kind, Tip-staffs, and all those Officers, That squeeze a Living out of Tears. T H O Physick livd, while Folks were ill, None would prescribe, but Bees of skill, Which through the Hive dispersd so wide, That none of them had need to ride; Wavd vain Disputes, and strove to free The Patients of their Misery; Left Drugs in cheating Countries grown, And usd the Product of their own; Knowing the Gods sent no Disease To Nations without Remedies. T H E I R Clergy rousd from Laziness, Laid not their Charge on Journey-Bees; But servd themselves, exempt from Vice, The Gods with Prayr and Sacrifice; All those, that were unfit, or knew Their Service might be spard, withdrew: Nor was there Business for so many, (If th Honest stand in need of any,) Few only with the High-Priest staid, To whom the rest Obedience paid: Himself employd in Holy Cares, Resignd to others State-Affairs.

Derken, gz bal peri gkte kondu yuvaya, Adaletin kendisi uuruldu havaya: Sald arabasndan teye beriye, Muavinler, mbairler ve ne kaldysa geriye, Kavaslar ve btn memurlar da ald payn, u gzyalarndan karanlar, geimlik tayn. HASTALAR varolduka devam ettiyse de tababet, ifac ustalardan bakas gstermedi keramet, Yaylmlard kovanda her ke bucaa, Gerek yoktu gitmeye yerinden uzaa; Tartmay brakp ie giritiler bu defa Bulmak iin hastalarn dertlerine deva; Dzenbaz lkelerin rnlerini terk edip, Kendi ilalarn ettiler terkip; Dediler ki Tanrlar gndermez hibir illet, Eer dermandan yana fakirse o millet. MOLLALAR uyanp tembel uykusundan, Vazgetiler haclardan hara kesme huyundan; Hileden arnp hizmete yaklatlar, Tvbe dualaryla ilahlara yanatlar; ekildi kim varsa bu duruma uyumsuz, Ya da hizmetine yer olmayan, uygunsuz: ok fazla kiiye pek bir i kalmad, (Namus sahibinin ihtiyac zaten olmad;) Sadece yannda birka kiiyle barahip, Ki oydu herkesin ballk sunduu sahip: Kendisini diyanet ilerine adad, Dnya ilerine bakalarn atad.

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He chasd no Starvling from his Door, Nor pinchd the Wages of the Poor; But at his House the Hungrys fed, The Hireling finds unmeasurd Bread, The needy Travler Board and Bed. A M O N G the Kings great Ministers, And all th inferior Officers The Change was great; for frugally They now livd on their Salary: That a poor Bee should ten times come To ask his Due, a trifling Sum, And by some well-hird Clerk be made To give a Crown, or neer be paid, Would now be calld a downright Cheat, Tho formerly a Perquisite. All Places managd first by Three, Who watchd each others Knavery, And often for a Fellow-feeling, Promoted one anothers stealing, Are happily supplyd by One, By which some thousands more are gone. N O Honour now could be content, To live and owe for what was spent; Livries in Brokers Shops are hung, They part with Coaches for a Song; Sell stately Horses by whole Sets; And Country-Houses, to pay Debts.

Ne mahrumlar kapsndan kovalad, Ne yoksul cebi trtklayp el ovalad: Onun evinde verildi alara ekmek, Orada bulundu muhtalara scak yemek, Ve zorda kalan yolculara barnak ile dek. KRALIN byk bakanlar arasnda, Ve btn ast memurlar srasnda, Byk oldu deiim; nk gerekten; Sadece maalaryd imdi ellerine geen: Eer on kez gelmek zorunda kalsa bir arck, deneini sormaya, alaca da zaten azck, Veya kadrolu bir ktip mecbur braklsa, Bir altn vermeden, creti denmeyip taklsa, Kabul edildi ki bu dpedz hrszlk; Hani eskiden bahi dedikleri arszlk. Bir zamanlar kiinin ynettii birimler, Hani herkes birbirinin hilesini mimler, Tabii biraz da arka kma hissiyle, Arttrmak iin birbirinin aldn, misliyle, Ne mutlu ki imdi sadece bir kiiyle yryor, Ve bu durum birka bini daha yollara sryor. ARTIK teselli bulmuyor hibir haysiyet, Borlanarak yaamakla kurtulmuyor vaziyet; Ahr simsarlarnn dkknlar doldu ktlarla, Sahipleri arabalarndan ayrld atlarla. Tm koumlaryla birlikte satld asil atlar, Borlara karlk gitti iftlikler ve katlar.

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V A I N Cost is shunnd as much as Fraud; They have no Forces kept Abroad; Laugh at th Esteem of Foreigners, And empty Glory got by Wars; They fight, but for their Countrys sake, When Right or Libertys at Stake. N O W mind the glorious Hive, and see How Honesty and Trade agree. The Shew is gone, it thins apace; And looks with quite another Face. For twas not only that They went, By whom vast Sums were Yearly spent; But Multitudes that livd on them, Were daily forcd to do the same. In vain to other Trades theyd fly; All were oer-stockd accordingly. T H E Price of Land and Houses falls; Miraclous Palaces, whose Walls, Like those of Thebes, were raisd by Play, Are to be let; while the once gay, Well-seated Houshold Gods would be More pleasd to expire in Flames, than see The mean Inscription on the Door Smile at the lofty ones they bore. The building Trade is quite destroyd, Artificers are not employd; No Limner for his Art is famd, Stone-cutters, Carvers are not namd.

YOLSUZLUK kadar bo masraftan da geri durdular, Baka topraklardan geri ekildi ordular; Gldler yabanc gzndeki itibara, Savala gelen bo gurur ve iftihara; Dvmediler lkeye dman medike, Haklar ve zgrlkler tehlikeye dmedike. MD gelin u muzaffer kovana bir bakn, Drstlkle ticaret nasl da bark ve yakn. Gsteri bitti, pf diye snd bir anda, Ve bambaka bir yzle kt te yanda; nk sadece onlar deildi giden, Byk harcamalar da beraber gitti elden. Oysa ynlar vard bu tezghtan geinen, Her gn ayn ekilde urap didinen; Bo mitlerle getiler baka ilere, Ama ihtiyatan fazlas dolumutu her yere. ARSA ve ev fiyatlar dp yok etti varlar; Muhteem konaklar ki duvarlar Tebainin surlar gibiydi, rlmt sevinle, Brakld haline; zamannda nlyd erinle; Ve ba keye oturtulmu ilahlara yeterdi, Atee atlmak; nk daha beterdi, Grmek kapdaki basit kitabeyi, Tad marur balara glen o hitabeyi. Bu hal, inaat loncasn da iyice bitirdi, Btn zanaatlar ilerini yitirdi; Hibir ressam sanatyla nam salmad, Ta kesicilerle oymaclarn esamesi kalmad.

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T H O S E, that remaind, grown temprate, strive, KALANLAR braktlar bol keseden harcamay, Not how to spend, but how to live, rendiler ll ve lml yaamay; And, when they paid their Tavern Score, Resolvd to enter it no more: No Vintners Jilt in all the Hive Could wear now Cloth of Gold, and thrive; Nor Torcol such vast Sums advance, For Burgundy and Ortelans; The Courtiers gone, that with his Miss Suppd at his House on Christmas Peas; Spending as much in two Hours stay, As keeps a Troop of Horse a Day. T H E haughty Chloe, to live Great, Had made her Husband rob the State: But now she sells her Furniture, Which th Indies had been ransackd for; Contracts th expensive Bill of Fare, And wears her strong Suit a whole Year: The slight and fickle Age is past; And Clothes, as well as Fashions, last. Weavers, that joind rich Silk with Plate, And all the Trades subordinate, Are gone. Still Peace and Plenty reign, And every Thing is cheap, tho plain: Kind Nature, free from Gardners Force, Allows all Fruits in her own Course; But Rarities cannot be had, Where Pains to get them are not paid. AS Pride and Luxury decrease, So by degrees they leave the Seas. Kabarnca meyhanenin hesab, Ayak kesmekle grld iin icab: imdi kovandaki hibir arapnn cariyesi Giyemiyor srmal elbise, yok bakiyesi; Kimsede birikmiyor artk o kadar avans, Ne Burgondi iin ne de Ortelans; Mabeyinci de kayboldu, ayla ikisi, Her akam yerlerdi bir noel hindisi; ki saat iinde tkettikleri miktar, Bir svari alayna btn gn yeter de artar. MARUR Kloinin ykselmekti niyeti, Kocasna soydurmutu devleti; imdi sata karm eyasndan kalan, Oysa bunun iindi Hindistann talan; Artk yol paras iin pazarla giriyor, Klk elbisesini btn sene giyiyor. Tarih oldu hafiflik ve hoppalk a, Maziye kart moda, terzilerin de snd oca; pek stne gm ileyen ustalar gitti, Ve ardsra gelen btn ticaret bitti. Artk srp giden, sknet ve bereket, Her ey ucuz, yoksa da bir hareket; Zengin tabiat, kurtulunca bahvan elinden, Tm meyvelerini sat ortaya kendiliinden; Ama nadide eylerden yok bir ses, Kimse onlar iin tketmiyor nefes. Saltanat ve lksn yerini aldka sala, Denizlerden de ekildiler yava yava.

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Not Merchants now, but Companies Remove whole Manufactories. All Arts and Crafts neglected lie; Content, the Bane of Industry, Makesem admire their homely Store, And neither seek nor covet more. S O few in the vast Hive remain, The hundredth Part they cant maintain Against th Insults of numerous Foes; Whom yet they valiantly oppose: Till some well-fencd Retreat is found, And here they die or stand their Ground. No Hireling in their Armys known; But bravely fighting for their own, Their Courage and Integrity At last were crownd with Victory. They triumphd not without their Cost, For many Thousand Bees were lost. Hardned with Toils and Exercise, They counted Ease it self a Vice; Which so improvd their Temperance; That, to avoid Extravagance, They flew into a hollow Tree, Blest with Content and Honesty.

Tacirlere benzedi kumpanyalarn vaziyeti, Kalkt ortadan btn imalat faaliyeti. Zanatler ve meslekler brakld ylece, Sanayinin lmne raz olundu bylece. Kilerdeki erzakn kadrini bildiler, Fazlasn aramayp, akllardan sildiler. MD yle tenha ki o byk kovan, Yok yzde birini koruyacak derman; Drt yandan saldrmakta dmanlar, Yine de direnmekte kahramanlar; Buluncaya dek gvenli bir snak, lmne savunulacak bu ynak; Hibir askeri satn alamad hibir cret, Grlmedi yiite savamaktan te bir cret; Bylesi dayanma ve cesaret, Zaferle taland en nihayet. Ama hi de bedelsiz deildi galibiyet, Binlerce arnn lmyd maliyet. Glendiler urap didinerek, Rahatln kendisini ktlk bilerek; Tevazuda ylesine gittiler ki ileri, Durmak iin her arlktan geri, G edip bo bir aaca yuvalandlar, Kanaat ve drstlkle kutsandlar.

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THE MORAL THEN leave Complaints: Fools only strive To make a Great an Honest Hive Tenjoy the Worlds Conveniencies, Be famd in War, yet live in Ease, Without great Vices, is a vain EUTOPIA seated in the Brain. Fraud, Luxury and Pride must live, While we the Benefits receive: Hungers a dreadful Plague, no doubt, Yet who digests or thrives without? Do we not owe the Growth of Wine To the dry shabby crooked Vine? Which, while its Shoots neglected stood, Chokd other Plants, and ran to Wood; But blest us with its noble Fruit, As soon as it was tyd and cut: So Vice is beneficial found, When its by Justice lopt and bound; Nay, where the People would be great, As necessary to the State, As Hunger is to makeem eat. Bare Virtue cant make Nations live In Splendor; they, that would revive A Golden Age, must be as free, For Acorns, as for Honesty. FINIS.

KISSADAN HSSE O HALDE szlanmayn: sadece ahmak olan Didinir, drst olsun diye byk bir kovan. Oysa dnya nimetlerinden km almak, Refah iinde yaarken savata nam salmak, Byk kusurlar olmadan, bo bir vaattir; TOPYA beyindeki bir kanaattir. Srp gitmeli yalan dolan, lks ve gurur; Ki sonunda yine bize faydas dokunur: Alk dehetli bir beladr, kukusuz; Ama kim yer ier, kalmadan a susuz? Borlu deil miyiz arab zm suyuna, Asma ktnn kuru, clz, arpk soyuna? ylece braklsa srgnleri, enine boyuna, Boar teki bitkileri, kendisi de dner oduna; Ama kutsar bizi soylu meyvesiyle, Bacnn ustaca bkp emesiyle; Demek ki kusur yararldr byle salannca, Adaletin klcyla budanp ipiyle balannca; Eer saygnlksa insann maksad, Veren budur nk devlete hayat, Alktan da yle gelir yemenin tad. Salt erdem yetmez lkeleri yaatmaya Saltanat iinde; ve kalkanlar yaratmaya Bir altn a, brakmaldr zgr Ptraklar da olsun drstlk kadar gr. SON.