Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A. Heart:
6. The space between the visceral and parietal pericardium called the
_________ ___________ normally contains _______ml of fluid.
1
12. The heart wall consists of
a) Endocardium b) Myocardium c) Epicardium d) All
15. The heart is divided into lateral compartments by Artial and ventricular _______
16. Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary and systemic circuits enter the
a) Artia b) Ventricles c) Both d) Neither
17. Regarding the surface anatomy of the heart, the coronary sulcus is a groove that
marks the division between
a) Left and right atria b) Left and right ventricles
c) The atria and the ventricles d) None of the above
18. On each side of the heart, the atrium and ventricle communicate through atrio-
ventricular orifice which is protected by a ______________
21. Blood flow through heart valves is unidirectional due to the action of
a) Chordae tendinae b) Papillary muscles c) Both d) Neither
22. When the RA contracts, blood flows through the ______________valve into the RV
2
24. Discuss the sequence of activity which is intitated by contraction of the right
ventricle.
25.The only example in the adult in which venous blood is oxygenated is
___________________
26. Blood from the pulmonary circuit returns to the heart by entering the
a) Left ventricle b) Left atrium c) Right ventricle d) Right atrium
28. When the left ventricle contracts, blood is pushed through the Aortic valve into the
a) Aorta and systemic circuit b) Pulmonary trunk and pulmonary circuit
c) Both d) Neither
34. According to the formula BP=CO x TPR, it is understandable that persons with
aortic stenosis would experience syncope on exertion due to low blood pressure because
a) Exercise decreases TPR
b) A decrease in TPR is normally compensated for by raising CO to maintain BP
c) The stenosis prevents an increase in CO
d) All
e) None
3
35. Regarding aortic stenosis
a) 50% of cases who experience angina will die within 5 years if untreated
b) 50% of cases who experience heart failure will die within 1 year if untreated
c) Both d) Neither
4
43. Mitral regurgitation is characterized by heart murmur and symptoms of
a) Left heart failure B) Right heart failure c) Both d) Neither
52.The mortality rate associated with ASCAD is ___ per 1000 persons
5
53. ASCAD may be associated with
a) Gouty arthritis
b) Arcus senilis
c) Diagonal ear lobe crease
d) All
e) None of the above
55. Myocardial infarction occurs when the heart’s demand for oxygen is less than its
supply.
57. Persons taking nitroglycerine should enhance their quality of life by using viagra
60. A person comes to the clinic with chest pain, he should be sent home without further
evaluation if his EKG is normal.
61. The MB isoenzyme of Creatine Kinase (CK) is elevated 6 hours before a heart attack.
64. A focal area of increased uptake on a radionucleotide heart scan can identify the
location of a myocardial infarction.
65. If you suspect that someone is having a heart attack you should
a) Start CPR if there is no pulse
b) Use an AED if available
c) Both
d) Neither
6
66. Discuss a generic protocol for Rx of myocardial infarction
a) Oxygen status
b) Pain and anxiety
c) Arrhythmias
d) Conduction disturbance
e) Pump failure
7
76. An accentuated S1 may be due to
a) Strenuous exericise
b) Anemia
c) Hyperthyroidism
d) Mitral stenosis
e) All of the above
Matching
8
89.Congestive cardiomyopathy is usually due to
a) Endocrine disorder b) Metabolic disorder
c) Heavy metal toxicity d) None of the above
9
97. The electrical conduction system of the heart begins in the ______________
at the __________________node which is also called the ____________________
99. When different groups of cells around the heart compete for initiation of the heart
beat the patient is diagnosed with __________________ __________________
100. When the SA node initiates a wave of depolarization the EKG will record a
a) P wave b) QRS complex c) T wave d) PR interval
102. The electrical impulse from the SA node travels through the atria to trigger the
a) Bundle of His
b) Left and right bundle branches
c) Atrio-ventricular node
d) None of the above
103. The AV node contains small diameter fibers which _________ the rate of
conduction.
105. Leaving the AV node, the electrical impulse travels along the atrio-ventricular
septum through large fibers (high speed) called the _________________ or the
____________________________ which also runs through the interventricular septum.
106. The fibers described in #102 sepearate to form left and right __________________
______________ which terminate in Perkinje fibers.
10
109. Regarding electrocardiography
a) Results are recorded on graph paper
b) System is calibrated so that 0.2 seconds elapse between the heavy black lines
c) There are 5 small squares between two heavy black lines
d) Each small square (time between 2 light lines) is 0.04 seconds
e) All of the above
114. Which lead are placed near the apex of the heart
a) V1 b) V2 c) V3 d) V6 e) None of the above
Matching
119. SA node a) 30-40 beats per minute
120. AV node b) 75
121. Ectopic atrial pacemaker c) Rate on demand
122. Ventricular pacemaker d) 60
11
124. Heart rate is usually determined by the distance between
a) P waves b) R waves c) T waves d) None
125. Which set of numbers is most commonly used to determine heart rate
a) 300, 150, 100, 75, 60, 50
b) 300, 250, 214, 187, 167, 150
c) 150, 136, 125, 115, 107, 100
d) 100, 94, 88, 83, 79, 75
e) 75, 71, 68, 65 62, 60
12
136. EKG # 6 shows a varying rhythm with multiple ectopic spikes but no real P waves.
This represents:
a) Normal sinus rhythm
b) Atrial fibrillation
c) Wandering pacemaker
d) Atrial flutter
e) None of the above
B. Vascular
144. List five arteries where a pulse may be felt: (Must know or drop the course now!)
a)____________________
b)____________________
c)____________________
d)____________________
e)____________________
13
145. The radial artery is the most common point for taking of
a) Pusle b) Arterial Blood Gases(ABG) c) Both d) Neither
143. The adequacy of circulation in persons with diabetes or atherosclerotic disease best
determined by bilateral evaluation of :
a) Pedal pulse b) Foot temperature c) Both d) Neither
144. Systolic blood pressure refers to the force of blood against the inner wall of blood
vessels during
a) Atrial systole b) Ventricular systole c) Both d) Neither
145. What is the pulse pressure of a person who has a systolic pressure of 110 and a
diastolic pressure of 70____________
152. Discuss Starling’s Law of the heart in reference to blood pressure and cardiac
14
output.
154. The most common cause of hypertention (persistently elevated arterial pressure) is
a) Kidney disease b) Increased blood volume c) Endocrinopathy d) Idiopathic
160. Rx of Hypertension may include: (pick any and as many as you deem appropriate)
a) Stress reduction b) Low sodium diet
c) Diuretics d) Beta adrenergic blockers
e) Vasodilators f) Calcium channel blockers
g) Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors h) Peripherally acting Alpha
adrenergic blockers
i) Other - please indicate:
163. When two heart beats occur so close together that the second beat may be heard
15
with a stethescope but no pulse is felt because it pumped little or no blood (ectopic
arrthythmia or A-Fib), the patient is said to have a _____________ ___________
166. Which of the following arteries represent the first branches of the aorta:
a) Phrenic b) Coronary c) Celiac c) Carotid
168. The right subclavian and right common carotid arteries are branches of the
_______________________ artery
172. The gallbladder recieves its blood supply from a branch of the
______________artery.
174. Blood supply to the gallbladder is via the cystic artery, a branch of
the:________________
16
176.Cross section of the umbilicus would reveal the presence of:
a) One umbilical vein and two arteries
b) One umbilical vein and one artery
c) Two umbilical veins and one artery
d) Two umbilical veins and two arteries
179. The walls of large arteries are nourished by small blood vessels called ___________
180. Blood is usually drawn from the forearm by inserting a hypodermic needle into
the __________________vein.
181. When the Inferior vena cava is blocked, blood can be shunted to the Superior vena
cava via the____________________________.
185. The blood supply to the vermiform appendix is derived from a branch of the
a) Superior mesenteric artery b) Inferior Mesenteric artery
c) Both d) Neither
17
b) Superior mesenteric
c) Inferior Mesenteric
d) All
189. All blood vessels from the stomach, intestines, spleen and pancreas drain into the
a) Hepatic vein b) Portal Vein
c) Azygous vein d) Inferior Vena cava
190. Which of the following branches of the internal carotid artery is called the
artery of stroke.
a) Opthalmic
b) Anterior chorid
c) Anterior Cerebral
d) Middle cerebral
191. Which areas on the lateral surface of the brain ate supplied by the middle cerebral
artery
a) Primary motor area b) Sensory areas for face and arms
b) Speech d) All of the above
195. In the fetus , blood is shunted away from the liver via the
18
a) Ductus Arteriosus b) Ductus Venosus
c) Both d) Neither
197.Fetal Blood in the Pulmonary trunk is shunted to the aorta via the
a) Ductus Arteriosus b) Ductus Venosus
c) Both d) Neither
201. Which of the following is not comparable with life after birth
a) Failure of foramen ovale to close
b) Failure of Ductus Arteiosus to close
c) Failure of Ductus Venosus to close
d) All
e) None
203. A woman experiences heavy bleeding following minor gynecologic surgery. Which
of the following arteries is not likely to be involved ?
a) Uterine
b) Internal Pudenal
c) External Pudenal
d) Lingual
19
204. A person gets “blood poisoning” after picking his face. This situation is frequently
associated with thrombosis of the __________________________
205. Regarding the walls of blood vessels, the tunica adventicia is the
a) Inner layer b) Middle layer
c) Outer layer d) None of the above
20