M. Tech.

(TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING)
Effective from 2010 – 2011 admitted batch

Semester – 1

S. No Title L P C Internal External

1 Applied Numerical Methods 4 0 40 60
2 Pavement Materials and Construction 4 0 40 60
3 Traffic Engineering 4 0 40 60
4 Design and Evaluation of Pavements 4 0 40 60
5 Optimization Techniques 4 0 40 60
6 Elective – 1 4 0 40 60
7 Transportation Engineering - 1 Lab 0 4 20 30

Semester – 2
S. No Title L P C Internal External
1 Aviation Infrastructure Planning 4 0 40 60
2 Project Engineering 4 0 40 60
3 Pavement Management System 4 0 40 60
4 Urban Transport Planning 4 0 40 60
5 GIS for Transportation Engineering 4 0 40 60
6 Elective -2 4 0 40 60
7 Transportation Engineering - 2 Lab 0 4 20 30

Semester – 3

S. No Title L P C Internal External

1 Seminar
2 Project

Semester – 4

S. No Title L P C Internal External

1 Project

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
 Applied Numerical Methods

Linear system – Gaussian elimination and Gauss – Jordan methods – matrix inversion –
Gauss Seidel method – Nonlinear equations – Regula-falsi and Newton- Raphson methods –
interpolation – Newton’s and Lagrange’s interpolation

Linear Algebra: Matrices, Matrices decomposition: LU decomposition, Cholesky

decomposition, Spectral decomposition, Matrix Eigen-value problem, Gerchgorin’s theorem,
Eigen value by iteration, generalized inverse of a matrix, solution of linear system by
decomposition method, Jacobi method.

Probability distributions: Introduction to probability and random variables, Binomial

distribution, Poisson distribution, Geometric distribution, Hyper Geometric distribution,
Normal distribution, Log-Normal distribution, Uniform distribution, Exponential distribution,
Gamma distribution, Beta distribution, and Weibull distribution.

Parameter Estimation: Random samples, sampling distributions of mean and variance.

Point estimators, the method of maximum likelihood, and the method of moments.
Confidence interval estimation of – mean, and variance.

Hypothesis Testing Statistical hypothesis tests, Operations characteristic curve. Tests of

hypothesis on the mean of a Normal Distribution, Tests of hypothesis on the means of two
Normal distributions, The paired t-test, Tests of hypothesis on one variance, Tests of
hypothesis for the equality of two variances, The testing of goodness of fit.

Design and Analysis of Experiments: Fundamental assumptions of analysis of variance,

single factor experiments, Latin square and Graeco-Latin square designs, Design of
experiments with several factors- Two factor factorial experiments.

Regression Analysis: Introduction, Bi-Variate Normal distribution and the associated

marginal and conditional distributions, estimation and analysis of simple regression models

Correlation Analysis: correlation coefficients, analysis of correlation coefficients,

Hypothesis tests associated with regression and correlation coefficients, curvilinear
regression models, Multiple regression models, multiple and partial correlation coefficients.

BOOKS:

1. Bowker and Liberman, Engineering Statistics, Prentice-Hall, 1972.

2. Venkataraman, M.K., Numerical Methods in Science and Engineering, National Publisher
Company.
3. Freund, J. E.; “Mathematical Statistics”, PHI, New Delhi, (1990)
4. Curtis F Gerald and Patrick O Wheatly, “Applied Numerical Analysis”, Pearson
Education, 2002.

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 2

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
 Pavement Materials and Construction

Pavement Materials

Aggregates: Origin, classification, requirements, properties and tests on road aggregates,

concepts of size and gradation - design gradation, maximum aggregate size, aggregate
blending to meet specification
Bitumen and Tar: Origin, preparation, properties and chemical chemical constitution of
bituminous road binders; requirements.
Bituminous Emulsions and Cutbacks: Preparation, characteristics, uses and tests
Adhesion failure, mechanism of stripping, tests and methods of improving adhesion
Bituminous Mixes: Mechanical properties, dense and open textured mixes, flexibility and
brittleness, No Hveem Stabilometer & Hubbard-Field Tests) bituminous mix, design methods
using Rothfuchs Method only and specification using different criteria - voids in mineral
aggregates, voids in total mix, density, flow, stability, percentage voids filled with bitumen

Pavement Construction

Equipment in Highway Construction: Various types of equipment for excavation, grading

and compaction - their working principle, advantages and limitations. Special equipment for
bituminous and cement concrete pavement and stabilized soil road construction
Sub-grade: Earthwork grading and construction of embankments and cuts for roads.
Preparation of sub-grade, quality control tests
Flexible Pavements: Specifications of materials, construction method and field control
checks for various types of flexible pavement layers
Cement Concrete Pavements: Specifications and method of cement concrete pavement
construction; Quality control tests; Construction of various types of joints.

Books:
1. RRL, DSIR, `Bituminous Materials in Road Construction', HMSO Publication
2. RRL, DSIR, `Soil Mechanics for Road Engineers', HMSO Publication
3. Khanna, S.K., and Justo, C.E.G., `Highway Engineering', Nem Chand and Bros. Roorkee
4. Sharma, S.C., `Construction Equipment and its Management', Khanna Publishers

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 3

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
 Traffic Engineering

Traffic Characteristics:
Basic traffic characteristics - Speed, volume and concentration. Relationship between Flow,
Speed and Concentration

Traffic Measurement and Analysis:

Volume Studies - Objectives, Methods; Speed studies - Objectives: Definition of Spot Speed,
time mean speed and space mean speed; Methods of conducting speed studies.

Speed Studies:
Methods of conducting speed studies; Presentation of speed study data; Head ways and Gaps;
Critical Gap; Gap acceptance studies.

Highway Capacity and Level of Service:

Basic definitions related to capacity; Level of service concept; Factors affecting capacity and
level of service; Computation of capacity and level of service for two lane highways
Multilane highways and free ways.

Parking Studies and Analysis:

Types of parking facilities - on street parking and off street Parking facilities; Parking studies
and analysis.

Traffic Safety:
Accident studies and analysis; Causes of accidents - The Road, The vehicle, The road user
and the Environment; Engineering, Enforcement and Education measures for the prevention
of accidents.

Traffic Control and Regulation:

Traffic Signals - Design of Isolated Traffic Signal by Webster method, Warrants for
signalisation, Signal Co-ordination methods, Simultaneous, Alternate, Simple progression
and Flexible progression Systems.

Traffic and Environment:

Detrimental effects of Traffic on Environment; Air pollution; Noise Pollution; Measures to
curtail environmental degradation due to traffic.

Books
1. Traffic Engineering and Transportation Planning - L.R. Kadiyali, Khanna Publishers.
2. Traffic Engineering - Theory & Practice - Louis J. Pignataro, Prentice Hall Publication.
3. Principles of Highways Engineering and Traffic Analysis - Fred Mannering & Walter P.
Kilareski, John Wiley & 50ns Publication.

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 4

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
4. Transportation Engineering - An introduction - C. Jotin Khistry, Prentice Hall Publication.
5. Fundamentals of Transportation Engineering - C.S.Papacostas, Prentice Hall India.

Design and Evaluation of Pavements

Analysis and Design of Pavements

Introduction: Highway and airport pavements, Types and component parts of pavements,
their differences - Factors affecting design and performance of pavements.

Stresses and Deflections in Flexible Pavements: Stresses and deflections in homogeneous

masses. Bur mister’s two-layer theory, three layer and multi layer theories; wheel load
stresses, various factors in traffic wheel loads; ESWL and EWL factors. Pavement behavior
under transient traffic loads. Problems on above.

Flexible Pavement Design Methods for Highways: CBR method-Principle –Testing as per
IRC, AASHTO and Asphalt Institute and Shell Method. Problems on above.

Stresses in Rigid Pavements: Factors affecting design and performance of pavements.

Types of stresses and causes, factors influencing the stresses; general considerations in rigid
pavement analysis, EWL, wheel load stresses, warping stresses, frictional stresses, combined
stresses. Problems on above.

Rigid Pavement Design: Types of joints in cement concrete pavements and their functions,
joint spacing; design of CC pavement for roads and runways, design of joint details for
longitudinal joints, contraction joints and expansion joints. IRC method of design by stress
ratio method. Design of continuously reinforced concrete pavements, Problems on above

Pavement Evaluation

Introduction: Structural and functional requirements of flexible and rigid pavements;

pavement distress; different types of failures, causes.

Evaluation of Surface Condition: Methods of measurement of skid resistance, unevenness,

ruts and cracks. Pavement surface condition evaluation by physical measurements, by riding
comfort and other methods; their applications.

Evaluation of Pavement Structural Condition: Evaluation by non-destructive tests such as

FWD, Benkelman Beam rebound deflection using BBD for flexible overlay design, Plate
load test, wave propagation and other methods of load tests; evaluation by destructive test
methods, and specimen testing.

Books:

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 5

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
1. Yoder, E.J., and Witczak, `Principles of Pavement Design', 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons,
1975.
2. Yang, `Design of Functional Pavements', McGraw Hill Book Co.
3. Khanna and Justo, ‘Test Book of Highway Engineering’ Nemchand brothers, Roorkee-
2004.
4. Huang, 'Pavement Analysis', Elsevier Publications
5. Haas and Hudson `Pavement Management System', McGraw Hill Book Co., New York.
6. HRB/TRB/IRC/International Conference on Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements.
7. Relevant IRC Publications
8. CMA Hand Book
Optimization Techniques

Introduction: Statement of optimization problems – classification of optimization problem –

classical optimization techniques; Single variable optimizations, Multi variable optimization,
equality constraints, Inequality constraints, No constraints.

Linear Programming -1: Graphical method for two dimensional problems – central
problems of Linear Programming – Definitions – Simplex – Algorithm – Phase I and Phase II
of Simplex Method – Revised Simplex Method.

Linear Programming -2 Simplex Multipliers – Dual and Primal – Dual Simplex Method –
Sensitivity Analysis – Transportation problem and its solution – Assignment problem and its
solution by Hungarian method – Karmakar’s method – statement, Conversion of the Linear
Programming problem into the required form, Algorithm.

Non Linear Programming (One-Dimensional Minimization: Introduction – Unrestricted

search – Exhaustive search – Interval halving method – Fibonacci method.

Non Linear Programming: (Unconstrained Optimization): – Introduction – Random

search method – Univariate method – Pattern search methods – Hooke and Jeeves method,
Simplex method– Gradient of a function – steepest descent method – Conjugate gradient
method.

Non Linear Programming – (Constrained Optimization): Introduction – Characteristics of

the problem – Random search methods – Complex method.

Dynamic Programming: Introduction – multistage decision processes – Principles of

optimality – Computation procedures.

Decision-Making: Decisions under uncertainty, under certainty and under risk – Decision
trees – Expected value of perfect information and imperfect information.

Books:

1. Kalyanmoy Deb, “Optimization for Engineering Design, Algorithms and Examples”,

Prentice Hall, 2004.
2. Hamdy A Taha , “Operations Research – An introduction”, Pearson Education , 2002.

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 6

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
 Elective I: Transportation Structures

Investigations and Planning:  Investigations for culverts and minor bridges, Investigations
for major bridges - topography, catchment, hydrology, geotechnical aspects, construction
resources - design flood discharge - methods, linear waterway. choice of foundation for piers
and abutments - types - cost ratio - clearance - choice of foundation -  open, pile, well, block
foundations - relative suitability. setting out for piers and abutments for minor and major
bridges. classification of culverts and bridges - components of bridge structures - loading
standards - railway and road loading standards.

Foundations I :  Open foundations - excavation under G W T., baling out, cofferdams -

floating caisson process - individual footings - raft footings - design considerations. pile
foundations - types - load tests - strength - lateral resistance - construction of driven and cast-
in-site piles - design considerations.

Foundations II:  Well foundation - types - caissons - design of wells - well sinking - open
sinking and pneumatic sinking - materials for staining - concrete in staining - bottom plug,
sand filling and well cap.

Piers, Abutments, Superstructure:   Piers and abutments - function, aesthetics, materials;

wing walls - construction aspects. Superstructure - types - choice of materials - design
principles, considerations and criteria of pipe culverts, slab culvert, box culvert, causeways.

Rc Bridges - Design Principles:  Design of T beam and slab bridge - design principles of rc
balanced cantilever bridge and articulation. Design concepts of rigid frame bridges - thumb
rule design of masonry arch bridges - design of bowstring girder bridge and components.

Elements   of   Prestressed (Post Tensioned and Pretensioned) Concrete Bridge Design:

Size, prestress force, eccentricity, design of cables, end blocks.

Features and Design Consideration Of Bridges:  Suspension bridges, cable stayed bridges

and their components; bearings - types - design of rocker and roller bearings.

Construction And Maintenance:    Bridge superstructure construction - supports and

centering for RC bridges - erection of precast RC girders and steel girder bridges -
maintenance of bridges, strengthening of masonry arch bridges.

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 7

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
Books 
1. Victor J, “Essentials of Bridge Engineering", Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New
Delhi, 1999.
2. Krishna Raju N, “Design of Bridges”, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi,
1998.
3. Bakht B and Jaeger L G, “Bridge Deck analysis simplified”, McGraw Hill book company,
Singapore, 1987
4. Ponnuswamy  S, " Bridge Engineering", Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi,
1986.
5. IS and IRC Codes

Elective – I: Ground Improvement Techniques

Introduction to Ground Modification:

Need and objectives of Ground Improvement, Classification of Ground Modification
Techniques - suitability and feasibility, Emerging Trends in ground improvement.

Mechanical Modification:
Methods of compaction, Shallow compaction, Deep compaction techniques -Vibro floatation,
Blasting, Dynamic consolidation, pre-compression and compaction piles, Field compaction
control.

Hydraulic Modification:
Methods of dewatering - open sumps and ditches, Wellpoint system, Electro-osmosis,
Vacuum dewatering wells; pre-loading without and with sand drains, strip drains and rope
drains.

Physical and chemical modification:

Stabilisation with admixtures like cement, lime, calcium chloride, fly ash and bitumen.

Grouting:
Categories of grouting, Art of grouting, Grout materials, Grouting techniques and control.

Reinforced Earth Technology:

Concept of soil reinforcement, Reinforcing materials, Backfill criteria, Art of reinforced earth
technology, Design and construction of reinforced earth structures.

Soil Confinement Systems:

Concept of confinement, Gabbion walls, Crib wal!s, Sand bags, Evergreen systems and fabric
formwork.

Miscellaneous Techniques
Design, Construction and applications of stone columns, lime columns and Cofferdams

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 8

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
Books:

1. Manfred R. Hansmann - Engineering principles of ground modification - McGraw-Hill

Pub.
Co., New York.
2. Robert M. Koerner - Construction and Geotechnical methods in Foundation Engineering -
McGraw-Hill Pub. Co., New York. .
3. Winterkorn and Fang - Foundation Engineering Hand Book - Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
New York.
4. Aris C. Stamatopoulos & Panaghiotis C. Kotzios - Soil Improvement by Preloading – John
Wiley & Sons Inc. Canada.
5. P. Purushothama Rao - Ground Improvement Techniques - Laxmi Publications (P)
Limited.

Elective –I: Environmental Impact Assessment

Introduction: Environment and its interaction with human activities – Environmental

imbalances. Attributes, Impacts, 'Indicators and Measurements - Concept of Environmental
Impact Assessment (EIA),

Environmental Impact Statement, Objectives of EIA, Advantages and Limitations of EIA

Environmental Indicators - Indicators for climate - Indicators for terrestrial subsystems -

Indicators for aquatic subsystems - Selection of indicators - Socio-economic indicators –
Basic information - Indicators for economy - Social indicators - Indicators for health and
nutrition - Cultural indicators - Selection of indicators.

Environmental issues in water resource development - Land use - Soil erosion C1nd their
short and long term effects - Disturbance and long term impacts - Changes in quantity and
quality of flow ¬Sedimentation –

Environmental impact assessment of water resource development structures – Case studies,

Water Quality Impact Assessment - Attributes, Water Quality Impact Assessment of Water

Resources Projects, Data Requirements of Water Quality Impact Assessment for Dams,
Impacts of Damson Environment, Case Studies.

Environmental Issues in Industrial Development: On-site and Off-site impacts during various
stages of industrial development, Long term climatic changes, Green house effect, Industrial
effluents and their impaction natural cycle, Environmental impact of Highways, Mining and
Energy development

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 9

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
Methodologies for Carrying Environmental Impact Assessment: Overview of
Methodologies .Ad hoc, Checklist, Matrix, Network, Overlays, Benefit Cost Analysis,
Choosing A Methodology, Review Criteria.

Books:

1. Jain, R.K., Urban, L.V., Stracy, G.S., (1991), "Environmental Impact Analysis", Van
Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York
2. Rau, J.G. and Wooten, D.C., (1996), "Environmental Impact Assessment", McGraw Hill
Pub.
Co., New York
3. UNESCO, (1987), "Methodological Guidelines for the Integrated Environmental
Evaluation of Water Resources Development", UNESCO/UNEP, Paris
4. Canter, L.W., (1997), "Environmental Impact Assessment", McGraw Hill Pub. Co., New
York.

Transportation Engineering Lab – 1

Tests on Pavement Materials
Aggregates: Gradation- Routhfutch Method- Shape tests-Aggregate Impact Test- Los
Angeles Abrasion Test – Compressive strength of Aggregates- Specific Gravity Test and
Water Absorption Test, bulkage of sand

Bitumen: Penetration Test-Ductility Test- Softening point Test-Flash and Fire Point Test-
Viscosity test- Stripping Test- Marshall Stability Mix Design-Analysis, Binder content
determination (Pavement Core Drilling machine)

Cement Concrete: Normal Consistency Test- Sp. Gravity Test on Cement- Fineness test
Cement- Compressive strength of Cement- Tests on Fresh Concrete- Tests on Fine
Aggregates. Cement Concrete Mix Design

Soil: Basic Tests-Gradation-dry and wet-Hydrometer Analysis- Atterberg Limits- Compaction

Test- Specific gravity Test-Density-Sand Replacement Method-Core Cutter method -Triaxial
and Shear Test- CBR Test, Plate load test. Soil stabilization.

Tests on Pavement Evaluation

Benkelman Beam tests, Roughness survey of roads, Pavement evaluation using DCP, MERLIN

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 10

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
 Aviation Infrastructure Planning

Introduction: Growth of air transport, airport organization and associations, Classifications

of airports airfield components, airport traffic zones and approach areas.

Aircraft Characteristics Related to Airport Design: Components, size turning radius,

speed, airport characteristics

Capacity and Delay: Factors affecting capacity, Determination of runway capacity related to
delay, gate capacity, Taxiway capacity

Airport planning, surveys and Design: Airport Site Selection, Runway length and width,
sight distances, longitudinal and transverse grades, runway intersections, taxiways,
clearances, aprons, numbering, holding apron, noise control, Problems.

Planning and Design of the Terminal area: Operational concepts, space relationships and
area requirements, vehicular traffic and parking at airports.

Airport Grading and Drainage: Grading of airport area, hydrology, design of drainage
systems, construction methods, layout of surface drainage and subsurface drainage system,
Problems.

Air Traffic Control and Aids: Runways and taxiways markings, day and night landing aids,
airport lighting, ILS and other associated aids.

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 11

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
Books:
1. “Planning and Design of Airports” - Robert Horenjeff, 2nd edition, McGraw Hill Book
Co.
2. “Airport Engineering”- G. Glushkov, V.Babkov, Mir Publuishers, Moscow.
3. “Airport Planning and Design”- Khanna, Arora and Jain, Nem Chand and Bros.,
Roorkee
4. Harry.R.Cedergern. “Drainage of Airfield pavements”- John Wiley and Sons.
5. Virender Kumar and Satish Chandra, “Airport Planning and Design”- Galotia
Publication press.

Project Engineering

Introduction to Project Management: A systems Approach, Systems Theory and Concepts,

Organization, Management Functions, Overview of Management Objectives, Tools and
Techniques, Project Management - Processes and Organizational Structures – Team
Management - Project Manager as a Team Leader - Leadership Qualities, PMIS

Project Planning and Scheduling: Bar chart planning – CPM Network construction:
Activities and events, logic and interdependence in network, time computations, critical
period and path, floats – PERT Network: time estimates, Beta distribution, expected time,
standard deviation, probability of achieving desired time targets for projects.

Resource Optimization:  Resource aggregation diagrams as per early start and late start -
smoothing by activity start time manipulation - Levelling of resources according to
constraints - priorities of activities - sort rules - Minimum project duration subject to resource
constraints.

Time Cost Optimization:  Direct and Indirect costs and their relation to time – Activity
crashing – Normal and Crash duration and corresponding cost of activities – Cost slope –
Crashing of network to optimize cost and duration of a project – Operations Research
Technique to optimize assignment of tasks to groups of workmen, transport of materials
quarries to sites
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 12
M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
Contracts Management; Tenders: Types, tender notice, tender documents, submission,
opening, scrutiny and award – Contract agreement: types of contracts, their relative merits
and suitability – Principal clauses and conditions in contract agreement – Payment for works :
measurements, bills, deductions

Economic Analysis: Methods- BCR-NPV-IRR –Their Basic Characteristics, Illustrative

applications on above Methods of Economic Analysis, Comparison of the Methods of
Analysis when Applied to a Group of Mutually Exclusive Alternatives, Economic Evaluation
of Null Alternative, Characteristics and Limitations of the Different Methods of Economic
Analysis, Ranking of Independent Projects, Sensitivity Analysis. case studies and problems

Project Financing: Project Financing options; Public Private Partnership in Transportation

projects; Types of PPP, Institutional arrangement for project financing; Re- Financing of
Debts; Construction financing for contractors

Quality Control and Assurance Quality Management and Safety in Construction Industry:
Quality control by statistical methods, sampling plan, control charts, ISO 14000, Safety
Measures, Safety Programmes, Safety Awareness and Implementation of Safety Plan –
Compensation

Books:
1. Herold Kerzner - Project Management - A systems approach to Planning, Scheduling and
Controlling.CBS Publishers and Distributors.
2. Choudhary, S. Project Management, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., Ltd.,
3. Raina UK, Construction management Practices, Tata Me G~awhill Publishing Company
Ltd.
4. Sengupta Band Guha H, Construction Management and Planning, Tata McGraw-Hili
Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.

Pavement Management Systems

Introduction: Definition -Components of Pavement Management Systems, Essential

features.

Pavement Management Levels and functions: Ideal PMS- Network and Project levels of
PMS-Influence Levels- PMS Functions- Function of Pavement evaluation

Pavement Performance: Serviceability Concepts- roughness- Roughness Components-

Equipment-IRI -modeling techniques, structural condition deterioration models, mechanistic
and empirical models, HDM and other models, comparison of different deterioration models.

Functional Evaluation: Functional and Structural deterioration models, unevenness

prediction models and other models, comparison. Case studies. Equipments

Evaluation of Pavement Structural capacity:- Basics- NDT and Analysis—Condition

Surveys- Distress-Destructive Structural Analysis- Application in Network and Project
Levels

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 13

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
Design Alternatives and Selection: design objectives and constraints, basic structural
response models, physical design inputs, alternate pavement design strategies and economic
evaluation, life cycle costing, analysis of alternate pavement strategies based on distress and
performance, case studies. Equipments

Rehabilitation and Maintenance: Identification of Alternatives-Deterioration Modeling-

Priority Programming Methods.

Expert Systems and Pavement Management: Role of computers in pavement management,

applications of expert systems for managing pavements, expert system for pavement
evaluation and rehabilitation, knowledge-based expert systems, case studies.

Books

1. Ralph Haas and Ronald W. Hudson, 'Pavement Management System', McGraw Hill
Book Co. 1978
2. Ralph Haas, Ronald Hudson Zanieswki. 'Modern Pavement Management, Kreiger
Publications
3. Proceedings of North American Conference on Managing Pavement
4. Proceedings of International Conference on Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements
NCHRP, TRR and TRB Special Reports

Urban Transportation Planning

Travel Demand Concept

Demand function: Independent variables: Travel attributes; Assumptions in Travel demand
estimation; Sequential, Sequential recursive and Simultaneous process.

Data Collection and Inventories

Study area definition; Zoning principles; Travel data collection - Road side interview, Home
interview; IPT surveys; Sampling techniques; Expansion factors; Use of Secondary sources
in data collection.

Travel Demand Estimation

Four step Travel Demand Forecasting approach; Trip generation Analysis; Zonal models
Category analysis; Household models; Trip attraction of work centres.

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 14

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
Trip Distribution
Mode Factor methods; Gravity model; opportunity model.

Mode Split Analysis

Mode choice behaviour; Comp~ting modes; Diversion curves; Probabilistic approaches.

Traffic Assignment
Traffic network and coding; Minimum path trees; All or nothing assignment; Capacity
restraint assignment; Corridor Identification; Plan preparation and Evaluation; Deficienc
analysis.

Books
 Introduction to Transportation Planning - M.J.Bruton; Hutchinson cf London Ltd.
 Introduction to Urban System Planning - B.G.Hutchinson; Mc Gra Hill.
 Urban Transportation Planning Guide - Roads & Transportation Association of
Canada; University of Toronto Press.
 Traffic Engineering and Transport Planning - Kadiyali L.R. Khanna Publishers

GIS for Transportation Engineering

Introduction to GIS:
Introduction, GIS over view, use of GIS in decision making, Data processing, Components of
GIS, The GIS and the organization.

Data Input and Output:

Data input - Key board entry, Manual digitizing, Scanning, Remotely and sensed data,
existing digital data, census related data sets, Data output - Hard copy and soft, copy devices.

Data Quality:

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 15

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
Components of data quality - Micro level, Macro level components, Sources of error, A note
about data accuracy.

Data Management:
The data base approach, 3 classic data models, Nature of geographic data, Spatial data
models, Databases for GIS.

GIS Analysis and Functions:

Organizing geographic data for analysis, Maintenance and analysis of the spatial data and
non-spatial attribute data and its integration output formatting.

Implementing a GIS:
Awareness, Developing system requirements, Evaluation of alternative systems, System
justification and Development of an implementation plan, System acquisition and start up,
Operation of the system.

Application of GIS in Transportation Engineering – I :

Intelligent information system for road accessibility study, GIS data base design for physical
facility planning, Decision support systems for land use planning

Application of GIS in Transportation Engineering – II:

GIS applications in environment impact assessment, GIS based Highway alignment, GIS
based road network planning, GIS based traffic congestion analysis and accident
investigation.

Books

1.GIS A Management, Perspenfi Stan Aronoff, WDL Publisher.

Elective - II: Design and Management of Rural Roads

Introduction: Importance of Rural roads, Classification of rural roads, Terrain classification,

Socio-economic impact of rural roads.

Planning and Alignment: Data base for master plan, Concept of network planning, Rural
Roads plan, Road alignment, Governing factors for route selection, Factors controlling

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 16

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
alignment, Special considerations while aligning hill roads, Surveys, Detailed project report,
Environmental issues

Geometric Design: Introduction, Design speed, Basic principles of geometric design,

Elements, Horizontal and vertical alignment, Alignment compatibility, Lateral and vertical
clearances

Road Materials: General, Soil and material surveys, Soil as road construction material,
Stabilized soils, Aggregates for pavement courses, New materials and stabilizers, Materials
for bituminous construction, Materials for semi-rigid and rigid pavement, Materials for
special pavements Climatic suitability of concrete materials

Pavement Design: Introduction, Design parameters, Pavement components, Design of

flexible pavement, Design of semi-rigid pavement, Design of rigid pavement, Design of
special pavements, Drainage and Shoulders

Specifications and Construction: General, Selection of construction materials and

methodology, Earthwork, Sub-base, Base course, Bituminous constructions, Semi-rigid
pavement construction, Concrete pavements, Construction of special pavements, Equipment
required for different operations.

Green Road Concept and Use of Waste Materials: Introduction, Significance of green
roads, Fly ash for road construction, Iron & steel and copper slags, Lime-rice husk ash
concrete, Recycled concrete aggregate, Other waste materials.

Quality Control in Construction: General, Pre-requisite, Specifications and codes of

practice, Quality control tests during construction.

Maintenance: General, Distresses/defects in pavements, Definitions of maintenance

activities, Inventory of road and inspection, Types of maintenance, Classification of
maintenance activities, Maintenance norms of maintenance cost.

Books

1. IRC: SP 20-2002 ‘’Rural Roads Manual’

2. IRC: SP 72-2007 ‘Guidelines for the Design of Flexible Pavements for Low
Volume Rural Roads’
3. IRC: SP 62-2004 ‘Guidelines for the Design and Construction of Cement
Concrete Pavements for Rural Roads’
4. IRC ‘Specifications for Rural Roads’, MoRD, 2004
5. CRRI ‘Various Reports on Use of Waste Materials’

Elective – II: Rail Road Engineering

Introduction: Important development of Indian Railways, organization of Indian Railway,

Track, Loco, Traction revolution for traffic growth on Indian Railways.

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 17

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
Track & Track Stresses: Permanent way, Track standards & structure, Track Modulus,
Forces on the Track, loads, Hammer blow effect Bending Stresses in rail, stresses in Sleeper,
Ballast, coning & Tilting of rails, Type of rails, Defect in rails, Rail failure, welding,
methods, ultrasonic testing of thermit welding joints, Fastening of rails, fish plates, spikes,
bearing plates, Pandrol clips, new type of elastic fastening with S.T.sleeper, Rubber pads.

Formation, Sleeper & Ballast: Functions of formation, profile of Banks & cuttings, Track
drainage, failure of bank & remedial measures, soil stabilization & Geo-textiles methods,
sleeper types, sleeper density, functions & requirement and Ballast types.

Point & Crossing & Turnouts: Turnout, type of switches, tongue rail, details of crossing,
reconditioning of points & crossings calculation of elements of turnout coles method and IRS
method. Symmetrical split, Diamond crossing, modern trend in design, problems.

Geometric Design of Track: Radius, degree of curve, super elevation, gradients, speed
calculation, safe speed, equilibrium speed, permissible speed, cant, cant deficiency, negative
cant, Transition curve & its design, Types, shift, laying of T.C., vertical curve & its design,
problems.

Tractive power & Train resistance: various power requirements for steam, electric loco,
diesel loco, Hauling power, resistances developed for Train & problems.

Signal & interlocking: Types of Signal, details of electrical signaling system, track circuits,
Absolute block system, Automatic block system, interlocking & methods, Modern signaling
techniques, Route relay interlocking, CTC systems.

Metropolitan Railways: Travel pattern, problems, Different forms of urban Transport,

Trolley buses, surface railways, underground railways, elevated railways, mono rail, tube
railways.

Books:
1. Saxena & Arora.; “Railway Engineering‟ Dhanpat Rai. Delhi.2000.
2. Ronald.A.Inglis; “An Introduction to Railway Engineering‟ Chapman & Hall Ltd.
London.1995.
3. W.W.Hay. Railway Engineering Chapman & Hall Ltd.London.1995.
4. Mundrey. J.S. Track Modernization.2000.
5. Manual on Signaling & Interlocking by Indian Railway board.1998

Elective – II: Geometric Design of Transportation facilities

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 18
M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
Introduction: Classification of rural highways and urban roads. Objectives and requirements
of highway geometric design. Design Control and Criteria

Design Elements: Sight distances - types, analysis, factors affecting, measurements,

Horizontal alignment - design considerations, stability at curves, superelevation, widening,
transition curves; curvature at intersections, vertical alignment - grades, ramps, design of
summit and valley curves, combination of vertical and horizontal alignment including design
of hair pin bends, design of expressways, IRC standards and guidelines for design. problems.

Cross Section Elements: Right of way and width considerations, roadway, shoulders, kerbs
traffic barriers, medians, frontage roads; Facilities for pedestrians, bicycles, buses and trucks,
Pavement surface characteristics - types, cross slope, skid resistance, unevenness.

Design Considerations: Design considerations for rural and urban arterials, freeways, and
other rural and urban roads - design speeds, volumes, levels of service and other design
considerations.

Design of Intersections: Characteristics and design considerations of at-grade intersections;

Different types of islands, channelization; median openings; Rotary intersections; Grade
separations and interchanges - types, warrants, adaptability and design details; Interchanges -
different types, ramps. Computer applications for intersection and interchange design.

Books:

1. AASHO, “A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets', American Association

of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington D.C.
2. Khanna S.K. and Justo, C.E.G.`Highway Engineering', Nem Chand and Bros.,2000.
3. DSIR, `Roads in Urban Areas', HMSO, London.
4. Jack E Leish and Associates, `Planning and Design Guide: At-Grade Intersections'.
Illinios.
5. Relevant IRC publications

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 19

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)
 Transportation Engineering - 2 Lab

Traffic Engineering Studies (Field Studies):

 Volume Studies – Straight Roads and at Intersections
 Speed Studies - Spot Speed Studies by Stop Watch, Enosocpe and Radar Speed Meter
 Journey Time and Delay Studies - Floating Car Method
 Parking Surveys and Parking Turnover Studies
 Study of Gaps and Lags – Critical Gaps and Lags at Intersections
 Delay Measurement at Signalised and Unsignalised Intersections

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Kakinada 20

M.Tech. (Transportation Engineering)