C H A P T E 1R T h e Essentials 17

Q uiz No. 1
1. The correct units on viscosity are
(A) kg/(s · m)
(B) kg · m/s
(C) kg · s/m
(D) kg · m/s2
2. The mean free path of a gas is λ = 0.225m /(ρ d ) where d is the
2

molecule’s diameter, m is its mass, and ρ the density of the gas. Calculate the
mean free path −10 −26
of air at sea level. For an air molecule d = 3.7 × 10 m and m = 4.8 × 10 kg.
(A) 0.65×10−7 mm
(B) 6.5×10−7 m
(C) 65 nm
(D) 650 µ m
3. A vacuum of 25 kPa is measured at a location where the elevation is
4000 m. The absolute pressure, in millimeters of mercury, is nearest
(A) 425 mm
(B) 375 mm
(C) 325 mm
(D) 275 mm
−gz / RT
4. The equation p(z) = p0 e 0
is a good approximation to the pressure in
the atmosphere. Estimate the pressure at 6000 m using this equation and
calculate the percent error assuming p0 = 100 kPa and T0= 15°C. (The more
accurate value is found in Table C.3.)
(A) 4.4%
(B) 4.0%
(C) 3.2%
(D) 2.6%
5. A fluid mass of 1500 kg occupies 2 m3. Its specific gravity is nearest
(A) 1.5
(B) 0.75
(C) 0.30
(D) 0.15
18 Fluid M echanics D em ystified

6. A viscometer is composed of two 12-cm-long, concentric cylinders with

radii 4 and 3.8 cm. The outer cylinder is stationary and the inner one
rotates. If a torque of 0.046 N · m is measured on the inner cylinder at a
rotational speed of 120 rpm, estimate the viscosity of the liquid. Neglect
the contribution to the torque from the cylinder ends and assume a linear
velocity profile.
(A) 0.127 N ·
s/m (B) 0.149 N ·
2

s/m2 (C) 0.161 N ·

s/m2 (D) 0.177 N ·
s/m2
7. A 0.1-m3 volume of water is observed to be 0.0982 m3 after a pressure is
applied. What is that pressure?
(A) 37.8 MPa
(B) 24.2 MPa
(C) 11.7 MPa
(D) 8.62 MPa
8. The pressure inside a 20-µ m-diameter bubble of 20°C water is nearest
(A) 17.8 kPa
(B) 24.2 kPa
(C) 29.4 kPa
(D) 38.2 kPa
9. A car with tires pressurized to 270 kPa (40 psi) leaves Phoenix with the tire
temperature at 60°C. Estimate the tire pressure (gage) when the car arrives
in Alaska with a tire temperature of –30°C.
(A) 270 kPa
(B) 210 kPa
(C) 190 kPa
(D) 170 kPa
10. Air at 22°C is received from the atmosphere into a 200 cm3 cylinder.
Estimate the pressure and temperature (MPa, °C) if it is compressed
isentropically to 10 cm3.
(A) (6.53, 705)
(B) (5.72, 978)
(C) (4.38, 978)
(D) (7.43, 705)
C H A P T E 1R T h e Essentials 19

11. Lightning is observed and thunder is heard 1.5 s later. About how far away
did the lightning occur?
(A) 620 m
(B) 510 m
(C) 430 m
(D) 370 m

Q uiz No. 2
1. If force, length, and time are selected as the three fundamental dimensions,
what are the dimensions on mass?
2. A pressure of 28 kPa is measured at an elevation of 2000 m. What is the
absolute pressure in mm of Hg?
3. Water at 20°C flows in a 0.8-cm-diameter pipe with a velocity distribution of
u(r ) = 5[1 − (r /16) × 10 ] m/s. Calculate the shear stress on the pipe wall.
2 6

4. SAE-30 oil at 30oC fills the gap between a 40-cm-diameter flat disk rotating
0.16 cm above a flat surface. Estimate the torque needed to rotate the disk
at 600 rpm.
5. Water at 30°C is able to climb up a clean glass 0.2-mm-diameter tube due
to surface tension. The water/glass angle is 0° with the vertical. How far up
the tube does the water climb?
6. Derive an equation that relates the vertical force F needed to just lift a thin
wire loop from a liquid assuming a vertical surface tension force. The wire
radius is r and the loop diameter is D. Assume D >> r.
7. A 2-m-long, 4 cm-diameter shaft rotates inside an equally long
4.02-cm-diameter cylinder. If SAE-10W oil at 25°C fills the gap between
the concentric cylinders, estimate the horsepower needed to rotate the shaft
at 1200 rpm assuming a linear velocity profile.
8. The coefficient of thermal expansion α T allows the expansion of a liquid to
be determined using the equation V = α T V T . What pressure is needed
to cause the same decrease in volume of 2 m3 of 40°C water as that caused
by a 10°C drop in temperature?
9. Calculate the weight of the column of air contained above a 1-m2 area of
atmospheric air from sea level to the top of the atmosphere.
10. Air expands from a tank maintained at 18°C and 250 kPa to the
atmosphere. Estimate its minimum temperature as it exits.