Calculation of Fillet Welds

Calculation of fillet welds loaded in the plane perpendicular to the plan... http://wikihelp.autodesk.com/index.php?title=Product_Help/Autodesk_...
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Calculation of fillet welds loaded in the plane perpendicular

to the plane of part joining
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Standard Calculation Procedure
1. Common solution for combined loading
Loading in the plane perpendicular to the weld plane induces a tensile or pressure stress s in the weld.
Normal stress caused by axial force FZ
where:
FZ axial force [N, lb].
A throat area of the weld group [mm2, in2].
Normal stress caused by bending moment M
where:
u constant
- for calculation in metric units u = 1000
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- for calculation in English units u = 12
M bending moment [Nm, lb ft]
rY distance of investigated weld point from the weld group center of

gravity in the y-axis direction [mm, in]
I moment of inertia of weld group to the neutral x-axis [mm4, in4]
Total normal stress
s = sFÂ±sM [MPa, psi]
where:
sF normal stress caused by the axial force FZ [N, lb]
sM normal stress caused by the bending moment M [mm, in]
Loading in the weld plane induces a shear stress t in the weld:
Shear stress caused by shearing force FY
where:
FY shearing force [N, lb]
A throat area of the weld group [mm2, in2]
Shear stress caused by torsion moment T
- x-component of stress
- y-component of stress
where:
u constant
T torque [Nm, lb ft]
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rX distance of investigated weld point to the weld group center of gravity

in the y-axis direction [mm, in]
rY distance of investigated weld point to the weld group center of gravity

J polar moment of inertia of weld group [mm4, in4]
Total shear stress
where:
tXT x-component of shear stress caused by torque T [MPa, psi]
tY shear stress caused by shearing force FY' [MPa, psi]
tYT y-component of shear stress caused by torque T [MPa, psi]
Resultant shear stress in the investigated point of weld
where:
s
total normal stress [MPa, psi]
t
total shear stress [MPa, psi]
2. Loading with bending force FY
For calculation purposes, the bending force can be substituted by the combination of shearing force FY acting in the weld
plane and the bending moment M acting in the plane perpendicular to the weld plane. Then the stress in the weld can be
calculated using the previously mentioned procedure.
The bending moment is defined by a formula:
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where:
e arm of bending force [mm, in]
u constant
3. Loading with common force FY
For calculation purposes, the common force F can be substituted by the combination of shearing force FY acting in the weld
plane with the axial force FZ and the bending moment M acting in the plane perpendicular to the weld plane. Then the stress
in the weld for so defined loading can be calculated using the above mentioned procedure.
The particular components of the loading are defined by formulas:
- bending moment
- axial force
FZ = F cos j [N, lb]
- shearing force
FY = F cos j [N, lb]
where:
F acting force [N, lb]
rF force arm related to the weld group center of gravity [mm, in]
u constant
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j
direction angle of acting force [Â°]
Method of Comparative Stresses
1. Common solution for combined loading
Compared with the standard calculation method, the method of comparative stresses approaches a different way to calculate
stresses caused by the axial force or bending moment that actuate in the plane perpendicular to the weld plane. Generally the
stress in fillet welds has normal and tangential components. The method of comparative stresses is based on the fact that the
shear strength of weld metal is lower than the tensile strength. To simplify the calculation, weld joints are only checked for
shear stresses. But the calculation method is the same as in the standard calculation method. Used calculation formulas are
also similar.
Loading in the perpendicular plane to the weld plane:
Shear stress caused by axial force FZ
where:
FZ axial force [N, lb].
A throat area of the weld group [mm2, in2].
Shear stress caused by bending moment M
where:
M bending moment [Nm, lb ft]
rY distance of investigated weld point from the weld group center of

gravity in the y-axis direction [mm, in]
u constant
I moment of inertia of weld group to the neutral x-axis [mm4, in4]
Loading in the weld plane:
Shear stress caused by shearing force FY
where:
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A throat area of the weld group [mm2, in2]
Shear stress caused by torque T
- stress x-component
- stress y-component
where:
T torque [Nm, lb ft]
u constant
rY distance of investigated weld point to the weld group center of gravity

rX distance of investigated weld point to the weld group center of gravity

in the x-axis direction [mm, in]
J polar moment of inertia of weld group [mm4, in4]
Total shear stress in the investigated point of weld
where:
tXT x-component of shear stress caused by torque T [MPa, psi]
tY shear stress caused by shearing force FY' [MPa, psi]
tYT y-component of shear stress caused by torque T [MPa, psi]
tZ shear stress caused by shearing force FZ [MPa, psi]
tZM shear stress caused by bending moment M [MPa, psi]
2. Calculation of comparative stress ss
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The comparative stress is determined from calculated partial stresses according to the formula.
while for the x-component of stress that actuates in the investigated point of weld, perpendicularly to the weld direction, the
aX = a3 formula is applied. In the opposite case aX = a4. The same applies for the y-component of the stress actuating
perpendicularly to the weld direction, that is aY = a3 or aY = a4.
tXT shear stress x-component caused by torque T [MPa, psi]
tY shear stress caused by shearing force FY [MPa, psi]
tYT shear stress y-component caused by torque T [MPa, psi]
tZ shear stress caused by shearing force FZ [MPa, psi]
tZM shear stress caused by bending moment M [MPa, psi]
a3 conversion factor of weld joint for fillet end weld [-]
a4 conversion factor of weld joint for fillet end weld [-]
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Calculation of Fillet Welds

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Calculation of fillet welds loaded in the plane perpendicular to the plan... http://wikihelp.autodesk.com/index.php?title=Product_Help/Autodesk_...

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Calculation of fillet welds loaded in the plane perpendicular

Standard Calculation Procedure

1. Common solution for combined loading

Normal stress caused by axial force FZ

FZ axial force [N, lb].

A throat area of the weld group [mm2, in2].

Normal stress caused by bending moment M

- for calculation in metric units u = 1000

- for calculation in English units u = 12

M bending moment [Nm, lb ft]

rY distance of investigated weld point from the weld group center of

I moment of inertia of weld group to the neutral x-axis [mm4, in4]

Total normal stress

s = sFÂ±sM [MPa, psi]

sF normal stress caused by the axial force FZ [N, lb]

sM normal stress caused by the bending moment M [mm, in]

Loading in the weld plane induces a shear stress t in the weld:

Shear stress caused by shearing force FY

FY shearing force [N, lb]

A throat area of the weld group [mm2, in2]

Shear stress caused by torsion moment T

- for calculation in metric units u = 1000

- for calculation in English units u = 12

T torque [Nm, lb ft]

rX distance of investigated weld point to the weld group center of gravity

rY distance of investigated weld point to the weld group center of gravity

J polar moment of inertia of weld group [mm4, in4]

Total shear stress

tXT x-component of shear stress caused by torque T [MPa, psi]

tY shear stress caused by shearing force FY' [MPa, psi]

tYT y-component of shear stress caused by torque T [MPa, psi]

Resultant shear stress in the investigated point of weld

2. Loading with bending force FY

The bending moment is defined by a formula:

FY shearing force [N, lb]

e arm of bending force [mm, in]

- for calculation in metric units u = 1000

- for calculation in English units u = 12

3. Loading with common force FY

The particular components of the loading are defined by formulas:

FZ = F cos j [N, lb]

FY = F cos j [N, lb]

F acting force [N, lb]

- for calculation in metric units u = 1000

- for calculation in English units u = 12

Method of Comparative Stresses

1. Common solution for combined loading

Loading in the perpendicular plane to the weld plane:

Shear stress caused by axial force FZ

FZ axial force [N, lb].

A throat area of the weld group [mm2, in2].

Shear stress caused by bending moment M

M bending moment [Nm, lb ft]

rY distance of investigated weld point from the weld group center of

- for calculation in metric units u = 1000

- for calculation in English units u = 12

I moment of inertia of weld group to the neutral x-axis [mm4, in4]

Loading in the weld plane:

Shear stress caused by shearing force FY

FY shearing force [N, lb]

A throat area of the weld group [mm2, in2]