Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(MBA-035)
ON
“Study on Training and Development Program
AT
“ Hindustan Aeronautics Limited(HAL)”
Lucknow
SUBMITTED BY -
Usha verma
MBA-3rd Semester
Roll no. 0901470057
Certificate
This is to certify that Ms- Usha verma, a regular student of MBA 2009 Batch has undergone
AERONOTICS LIMITED” for a period of six weeks commencing from10 june date 24 july.to
date.
This Summer Training Project Report embodies the facts and figures collected and interpreted
( NIKETA AGRAWAL )
Faculty Guide
2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I take the opportunity to express my gratitude to all the concerned people who have directly or
indirectly contributed towards completion of this project. I extend my sincere gratitude towards
HAL for providing the opportunity and resources to work on this project.
Ananat Srivastava and my Project Guiede Ms. Niketa Agarawal faculty of MBA
DEPARTMENT, SRMS CET, Bareilly whose insight encouraged me to go beyond the scope of
Usha verma
3
DECLARATION
I Usha verma student of Sri Ram Murti Smarak college of Engineering and Technology ,
Bareilly here by declare that the project titled “study of Training and Development Program
at HAL” is my original as all the information, facts and figure in this report is based on my
Usha verma
4
CONTENTS
PART 1
Executive Summary 8-10
Organizational structure 29
PART 2
Findings 88
Recommendation 89
Bibliography 90
Annexure 91-96
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LIST OF TABLES
I. TABLE:1 69
II. TABLE:2 70
III. TABLE:3 72
IV. TABLE:4 73
V. TABLE:5 75
VI. TABLE:6 76
VII. TABLE:7 78
VIII. TABLE:8 79
IX. TABLE:9 81
X. TABLE:10 82
XI. TABLE:11 83
XII. TABLE:12 85
XIII. TABLE:13 86
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LIST OF FIGURES
I. Figure:1 69
II. Figure:2 71
III. Figure:3 72
IV. Figure:4 74
V. Figure:5 75
VI. Figure:6 77
VII. Figure:7 78
VIII. Figure:8 80
IX. Figure:9 81
X. Figure:10 82
XI. Figure:11 84
XII. Figure:12 85
XIII. Figure:13 87
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PART 1
8
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Every organization needs to have well trained and experienced people to perform the activities
that have to be done. If current or potential job occupants can meet this requirement, training is
not important. When this not the case, it is necessary to raise the skill levels and increase the
versatility and adaptability of employees. It is being increasing common for individual to change
careers several times during their working lives. The probability of any young person learning a
job today and having those skills go basically unchanged during the forty or so years if his
career is extremely unlikely, may be even impossible. In a rapid changing society employee
training is not only an activity that is desirable but also an activity that an organization must
The entire project talks about the training and development . Here we have discussed what
would be the input of training if we ever go for and how can it be good to any organization in
reaping the benefits from the money invested in terms like (ROI) i.e. return on investment. What
are the ways we can identify the training need of any employee and how to know what kind of
training he can go for? Training being covered in different aspect likes integrating it with
organizational culture. The best and latest available trends in training method, the benefits
which we can derive out of it. How the evaluation should be done and how effective is the
training all together. Some of the companies practicing training in unique manner a lesson for
other to follow as to how to train and retain the best resource in the world to reap the best out of
it.
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INTRODUCTION
Employee training tries to improve skills, or add to the existing level of knowledge so that
employee is better equipped to do his present job, or to prepare him for a higher position with
Training refers to the teaching or learning activities done for the primary purpose of helping
members of an organization to acquire and apply the knowledge skills, abilities, and attitude
needed by that organization to acquire and apply the same. Broadly speaking training is the act
of increasing the knowledge and skill of an employee for doing a particular job.
In today‟s scenario change is the order of the day and the only way to deal with it is to learn
and grow. Employees have become central to success or failure of an organization. So it high
time the organization realize that “train and retain is the mantra of new millennium.”
The scope of the study covers in depth, the various training practices, modules, formats being
followed and is limited to the company HAL (Hindustan aeronautics limited) and its employees.
The different training programmes facilitated in HAL through its faculties, outside agencies or
professional groups. It also judges the enhancement of the knowledge & skills of employees and
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OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The broad objective of the study of training policies in HAL is to study the impact of training on
the overall skill development of workers. The specific objectives of the study are:
workforce.
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OVERVIEW OF HINDUSTAN AERONOTICS LIMITED
MISSION
“To become a globally competitive aerospace industry while working as an instrument for
and diversifying to related areas, managing the business on commercial lines in a climate of
VALUES
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
We are dedicated to building a relationship with our customers where we become partners in
fulfilling their mission. We strive to understand our customers ' needs and to deliver products
We are committed to continuous improvement of all our activities. We will supply products and
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COST AND TIME CONSCIOUSNESS
We believe that our success depends on our ability to continually reduce the cost and shorten the
delivery period of our products and services. We will achieve this by eliminating waste in all
activities and continuously improving all processes in every area of our work.
We believe in striving for improvement in every activity involved in our business by pursuing
and encouraging risk-taking, experimentation and learning at all levels within the company with
We believe in achieving harmony in work life through mutual trust, transparency, co-operation,
and a sense of belonging. We will strive for building empowered teams to work towards
We value our people. We will treat each other with dignity and respect and strive for individual
INTEGRITY
We believe in a commitment to be honest, trustworthy, and fair in all our dealings. We commit
to be loyal and devoted to our organization. We will practice self discipline and own
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responsibility for our actions. We will comply with all requirements so as to ensure that our
OBJECTIVES
To ensure availability of Total Quality People to meet the Organizational Goals and
Objectives
building
STRATEGY
Maintain Human Resource at optimum level to meet the objectives and goals of the
Company
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Be competent in Mapping, Analysis and Up gradation of Knowledge and Skills
Create awareness of Mission, Values and Organizational Goals through out the
Company
Competence Building
Commitment
Motivation
Employee Relations
In the backdrop of the above, the focus of Human Resource Development initiatives at HAL
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requirements due to increase in work load and super annuation profile
Workmen only
skill, experience and attitude in line with the organisational requirement through appropriate
manpower plan both short term (contract appointments) and long term recruitment
programme.
Training is one of the most important tools for developing human resource. Hence,
would be the strategic point of the training and development strategy of the Company. The
years
by:
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o updating knowledge to avoid obsolescence
The goals of training will be to progressively achieve 7 days training per employee per year
Keeping in view the organisational requirement and goals and objectives of the
training,the following have been identified as the key focus areas of training:
Technology
Tooling
Quality
Information Technology
development etc.) training would be imparted on a continuous basis. Tie-ups with Centres of
Excellence like IITs, NDC, FIAS France etc. for imparting training would be given prime
importance.
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III ) PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL :
Appraising people for meeting the Company's goal would be the prime focus of performance
management. The new Performance Appraisal System based on work planning and
review and feedback would ensure that the focus would be on value adding activities rather
than on routine activities which bear no relationship with the Organisation's goals and
objectives.
Identification of low performers and resultant corrective action through out the Company
would be given priority. Similarly, faster career growth opportunity would be provided to
high performers.
IV ) REWARD SYSTEM
The focus of the reward system in the Company is to promote team work and cultivate a
sense of achievement and excellence in the Organisation. This is in addition to the existing
scheme of reward for an individual who innovatively and creatively makes exemplary
contributions in the key thrust areas of the Company that would lead to its achieving overall
excellence. Coupled with the above, schemes like "Inter Divisional Competition" and "Profit
Sharing Scheme" have been institutionalised in the Company for team reward.
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V ) SCHEME FOR LEARNING AND CERTIFICATION FOR EXECUTIVES
Organisations for coping with changes. Since individual knowledge is the starting point for
organizational knowledge, it is only the employees who can convert knowledge into efficient
actions.
In line with the above philosophy, among other initiatives like institutionalizing Learning
Centres in Divisions etc., HAL has also introduced the scheme for Learning and
Certification for executives as a starting point for building individual knowledge. The
scheme inter-alia provides an opportunity for the Junior and Middle Management Cadre
Executives to broaden their perspective by not only learning about all functions and
procedures in their respective disciplines but also in related areas and overall knowledge
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EVALUTION AND GROWTH OF COMPANY
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) came into existence on 1st October 1964. The
Company was formed by the merger of Hindustan Aircraft Limited with Aeronautics India
Limited and Aircraft Manufacturing Depot, Kanpur. The Company traces its roots to the
pioneering efforts of an industrialist with extraordinary vision, the late Seth Walchand
Hirachand, who set up Hindustan Aircraft Limited at Bangalore in association with the
erstwhile
princely State of Mysore in December 1940. The Government of India became a shareholder in
Today, HAL has 19 Production Units and 9 Research and Design Centers in 7 locations in
India. The Company has an impressive product track record – 12 types of aircraft manufactured
with in-house R & D and 14 types produced under license. HAL has manufactured over 3550
aircraft 3600 engines and overhauled over 8150 aircraft and 27300 engines. HAL has been
successful in numerous R & D programs developed for both Defense and Civil Aviation sectors.
HAL has played a significant role for India's space programs by participating in the manufacture
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PSLV (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle)
Apart from these seven, other major diversification projects are Industrial Marine Gas Turbine
and Airport Services. Several Co-production and Joint Ventures with international participation
are under consideration. HAL's supplies / services are mainly to Indian Defense Services,
Coast Guards and Border Security Forces. Transport Aircraft and Helicopters have also been
supplied to Airlines as well as State Governments of India. The Company has also achieved a
foothold in export in more than 30 countries, having demonstrated its quality and price
competitiveness.
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HAL has won several International & National Awards for achievements in R&D, Technology,
Responsibilities.
and Innovation.· At the National level, HAL won the "GOLD TROPHY" for
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HAL in India
Corporate Office
Bangalore
Liaison Offices
Mumbai
Delhi
Chennai
Vishakapatnam
Manufacturing Units
Bangalore
Hyderabad
Lucknow
Korwa ( UP)
Koraput (Orissa )
Kanpur
Nasik ( Maharashtra)
Design Centers
Bangalore
Hyderabad
Nasik.
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Liaison Offices out of India
London
Moscow
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) has cruised past the Rs.10,000 crore mark for the first
time with a sales turnover of Rs.10,373 crores during the Financial Year 2008-09. The profit of
Rupees in Crores
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Accessories Division of HAL was established in 1970 with the primary objective of
manufacturing systems and accessories for various aircraft and engines and attain self
sufficiency in this area. Its facilities are spread over 94,000 sqm of built area set in sylvan
surroundings. At present it is turning out over 1100 different types of accessories. The Division
started with manufacturing various Systems and Accessories viz, Hydraulics, Engine Fuel
System, Air-conditioning and Pressurization, Gyro & Barometric Instruments, Electrical System
items, Undercarriages, Electronic items all under one roof to meet the requirements of the
aircraft, helicopters and engines being produced by HAL. This was followed up with
manufacturing the same range of accessories for MiG series of aircraft, International Jaguar and
manufactures systems for Civil Aircraft i.e. Avro, Dornier and AN-32 & cheetah, chetak &
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The Division, right from the beginning, laid a lot of emphasis on developing indigenous
capability for Design and Development of various System and Accessories. This capability has
culminated in indigenous design and development of a variety of systems and accessories for the
Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) and Advanced Light Helicopter (all versions i.e. Army, Airforce,
Navy & Civil) - two prestigious aircraft programs in the country and IJT (Intermediate Jet
Trainer). The Division has also developed and has made successful strides into the area of
Microprocessor based control systems for the LCA Engine as well as other systems.
The Division diversified not only in other defence applications like tanks and armoured vehicles
for Army, it look commercial applications of hydraulic items. Gyroscopic Equipment, Special
Purpose Test Equipment & Group Support Equipment and successfully supplied in the market.
The Division has been in the forefront of accessories development and supply not only to Indian
Force but to Army, Navy and various Defence Laboratories as well as for Space applications.
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The Division today has a prime name in the Aviation market and various international
The Division has also made steady progress in the area of Export.
FACILITIES
Process
Heat Treatment facilities for all types of steels, Aluminium alloys, Copper, Nickel &
Titanium alloys.
Protective Treatment
Treatment facilities of all types like Plating, Publishing etc, SPECIAL types of
Surface protection & Painting facility, i.w. RILSAN Coating PTFE Coating,
Welding
Division has Electro Beam, Argon arc, Spot & Seam welding equipment to
facilitate intricate welding on thin metal bellows, capsules, stator Packs, Brushes
etc. Our welders are fully approved & certified by Civil Aviation Authority.
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Rubber, Plastic, Foundry
These facilities are in - house to cater for the needs of various production /
servicing requirements.
cabinets) where assembly & test activities for instruments, Hydraulics and Fuel
Dedicated Test Equipment, Environmental Testing facilities to meet the aeronautical acceptance
standards.
Environmental Laboratory
Facilities for all types of Environmental testing as per requirements of BS, MIL &
JSS, available to meet regular requirements of type testing of all types of units
In addition the Lab also caters for the need of special type of testing for Wheels,
Design Computer Centre with Unigraphic , CAD & Analytical Software Packages.
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AWARDS
The ISO 9001 Certification for entire range of products and services.
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Organizational structure:
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Product and services:
Flight instruments, Electrical Indicators, Fuel Gauging Probes, Gyros, Sensors and
Switches
AC/DC Generator, Control and Protection Units, Inverters, Transformer Rectifier Unit,
AC/DC Electrical Systems, Actuators
MICROPROCESSOR CONTROLLER
Pneumatics and Oxygen System, Cold Air Unit, Water Extractors, Valve - various types
EJECTION SYSTEM
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Booster Pumps, Main and Reheat Fuel Systems, Nozzle Actuators
Ground Power Unit, Hydraulic Trolley and {Power Packs, Dedicated Test Rigs, custom-
built Fuel/Hydraulic Test Rigs
Mirage-2000, Jaguar, Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Su-30 MKI, Sea Harrier,
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SERVICES
The Division carries out Repair and Overhaul of Accessories, with minimum turn-around-time.
Site Repair facilities are offered by the Division by deputing team of expert Engineers /
Technicians.
Military Aircraft
MiG Series
Jaguar
Mirage-2000
Sea - Harrier
AN-32
HPT - 32
SU-30 MKI
Civil Aircraft
Dornier-22B
AVRO HS-748
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Helicopters
Chetak (Alouette)
Cheetah (Lama)
Sub-contract Capabilities
The Division also manufactures and supplies complete range of components of Cheetah (Lama)
& Chetak (Alouette) Helicopters, Jaguar and MiG series Aircraft to Domestic and International
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OUTSOURCING
Division has embarked upon selecting and creating a strong base of suppliers for outsourcing
precision components, tooling and test equipment. This is required to handle higher loads of
Vendors are selected as per the corporate guidelines, pursuing a vendor approval process.
Applicant Organisation with established facilities & capabilities, willingness to learn and excel in
producing aeronautical level of quality product and with financial strength and preferably with
DGAQA approval stand a good chance in becoming part of the aeronautical industrial expanse.
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HAL PRODUCT PROFILE
Su 30 MKI
MiG-27 M
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EJECTION SEAT
The Ejection Seat is installed to provide safe escape to the Pilot from the Aircraft while
catapuling is effected with the help of a combined Ejection Gun. The Division has the facilities
and expertise in the manufacture and overhaul of ejection seats for both MiG-27M and MiG-21
variants.
Jaguar International
HAL commenced production of Jaguar International - deep penetration strike and battlefield
tactical Support Aircraft in 1979 under licence from British Aerospace, including the engine,
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accessories and avionics.Jaguar aircraft is designed with 7 hard points ( 4 under wing, 2 over
With a proven track record and established technology for manufacture of helicopters and
its components, the Helicopter Division commenced series production of Dhruv (Advanced
Light Helicopter) in 2000 - 2001. The ALH is a multi-role, multi-mission helicopter in 5.5 ton
class, fully designed and developed by HAL. Built to FAR 29 specifications, Dhruv is designed
Major Features
Designed to perform both utility and attack roles· Twin engine configuration
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Electronic Control (FADEC) , Hingeless Main Rotor, Bearingless Tail Rotor and
Exports :
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PART 2
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TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT
Traditional Approach – Most of the organizations before never used to believe in training.
They were holding the traditional view that managers are born and not made. There were also
some views that training is a very costly affair and not worth. Organizations used to believe
The modern approach- This approach of training and development is that Indian Organizations
have realized the importance of corporate training. Training is now considered as more of
retention tool than a cost. The training system in Indian Industry has been changed to create a
TRAINING DEFINED
• It‟s not what you want in life, but it‟s knowing how to reach it
• It‟s not where you want to go, but it‟s knowing how to get there
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• It‟s not how high you want to rise, but it‟s knowing how to take off
• It may not be quite the outcome you were aiming for, but it will be an outcome
• It‟s not what you dream of doing, but it‟s having the knowledge to do it
• It‟s not the goal you set, but it‟s what you need to achieve it
Training is about knowing where you stand (no matter how good or bad the current situation
looks) at present, and where you will be after some point of time. Training is about the
the utilization of human resource that further helps the employee to achieve the organizational
opportunity and broad structure for the development of human resources‟ technical and
behavioral skills in an organization. It also helps the employees in attaining personal growth.
• Development of skills of employees – Training and Development helps in increasing the job
knowledge and skills of employees at each level. It helps to expand the horizons of human
employees that helps the organization further to achieve its long-term goal
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• Team spirit – Training and Development helps in inculcating the sense of team work, team
spirit, and inter-team collaborations. It helps in inculcating the zeal to learn within the
employees
• Organization Culture – Training and Development helps to develop and improve the
organizational health culture and effectiveness. It helps in creating the learning culture within
the organization.
• Organization Climate – Training and Development helps building the positive perception and
feeling about the organization. The employees get these feelings from leaders, subordinates, and
peers.
• Quality – Training and Development helps in improving upon the quality of work and work-
life.
working environment. It helps to build good employee, relationship so that individual goals
• Health and Safety – Training and Development helps in improving the health and safety of
• Morale – Training and Development helps in improving the morale of the work force.
• Profitability – Training and Development leads to improved profitability and more positive
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• Training and Development aids in organizational development i.e. Organization gets more
effective decision making and problem solving. It helps in understanding and carrying out
organizational policies.
• Training and Development helps in developing leadership skills, motivation, loyalty, better
attitudes, and other aspects that successful workers and managers usually display.
The principal objective of training and development division is to make sure the availability of a
skilled and willing workforce to an organization. In addition to that, there are four other
Individual Objectives – help employees in achieving their personal goals, which in turn,
Organizational Objectives – assist the organization with its primary objective by bringing
individual effectiveness.
organization‟s needs.
Societal Objectives – ensure that an organization is ethically and socially responsible to the
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Importance of Training Objectives
Training objective is one of the most important parts of training program. While some people
think of training objective as a waste of valuable time. The counterargument here is that
resources are always limited and the training objectives actually lead the design of training. It
provides the clear guidelines and develops the training program in less time because objectives
focus specifically on needs. It helps in adhering to a plan. Training objectives tell the trainee that
what is expected out of him at the end of the training program. Training objectives are of great
1. Trainer
2. Trainee
3. Designer
4. Evaluator
Trainer – The training objective is also beneficial to trainer because it helps the trainer to
measure the progress of trainees and make the required adjustments. Also, trainer comes in a
Trainee – The training objective is beneficial to the trainee because it helps in reducing the
anxiety of the trainee up to some extent. Not knowing anything or going to a place which is
unknown creates anxiety that can negatively affect learning. Therefore, it is important to keep
Secondly, it helps in increase in concentration, which is the crucial factor to make the training
successful. The objectives create an image of the training program in trainee‟s mind that actually
helps in gaining attention. Thirdly, if the goal is set to be challenging and motivating, then the
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likelihood of achieving those goals is much higher than the situation in which no goal is Set.
Therefore, training objectives helps in increasing the probability that the participants will be
successful in training.
Designer – The training objective is beneficial to the training designer because if the designer is
aware what is to be achieved in the end then he‟ll buy the training package according to that
only. The training designer would then look for the training methods, training equipments, and
training content accordingly to achieve those objectives. Furthermore, planning always helps in
training program is to deal effectively with customers to increase the sales. Since the objective is
known, the designer will design a training program that will include ways to improve the
interpersonal skills, such as verbal and non verbal language, dealing in unexpected situation i.e.
when there is a defect in a product or when a customer is angry. Therefore, without any
Evaluator – It becomes easy for the training evaluator to measure the progress of the trainees
because the objectives define the expected performance of trainees. Training objective is an
The HR functioning is changing with time and with this change, the relationship between the
training function and other management activity is also changing. The training and development
activities are now equally important with that of other HR functions. Gone are the days, when
training was considered to be futile, waste of time, resources, and money. Now-a-days, training
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is an investment because the departments such as, marketing & sales, HR, production, finance,
etc depends on training for its survival. If training is not considered as a priority or not seen as a
vital part in the organization, then it is difficult to accept that such a company has effectively
carried out HRM. Training actually provides the opportunity to raise the profile development
activities in the organization. To increase the commitment level of employees and growth in
quality movement (concepts of HRM), senior management team is now increasing the role of
training. Such concepts of HRM require careful planning as well as greater emphasis on
Training is now the important tool of Human Resource Management to control the attrition rate
because it helps in motivating employees, achieving their professional and personal goals,
increasing the level of job satisfaction, etc. As a result training is given on a variety of skill
This is the era of cut-throat competition and with this changing scenario of business; the role of
4. Providing pre-employment market oriented skill development education and post employment
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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT:
Training and development go hand in hand and are often used synonymously but there is a
knowledge. It gives people an awareness of the rules and procedures to guide their behavior. It
intends to improve their performance on the current job and prepares them for an intended job.
Development is a related process. It covers not only those activities, which improve job
performance, but also those, which bring about growth of the personality. It helps individual in
the progress towards maturity and actualization of potential capabilities so that they can become
Irrespective of the type or method of training, a trainer has to keep in mind some of the
PRINCIPLES OF TRAINING
MOTIVATION
Learning is enhanced when the learner is motivated. Learning experience must be designed so
learners can see how it will help in achieving the goals of the organization. Effectiveness of
FEEDBACK
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Training requires feedback. It is required so the trainee can correct his mistakes. Only getting
information about how he is doing to achieve goals, he can correct the deviations.
REINFORCEMENT
The principle of reinforcement tells the behaviors that are positively reinforced are encouraged
and sustained. It increases the likelihood that a learned behavior well be repeated.
PRACTICE
Practice increases a trainee‟s performance. When the trainees practice actually, they gain
confidence and are less likely to make errors or to forget what they have learned.
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
vary in intelligence and aptitude from person to person. Training must be geared to the
TRAINING INPUTS
(i)Skills
(ii)Attitude
(iii)Knowledge.
The primary purpose of training is to establishing a sound relationship is at its best when the
workers attitude to the job is right, when the workers knowledge of the job is adequate, and he
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has developed the necessary skills. Training activities in an industrial organization are aimed at
making desired modifications in skills, attitudes and knowledge of employee so that they
These have a requirement for induction into the company as a whole in terms of its business
activities and personnel policies and provisions, the terms, conditions and benefits appropriate to
the particular employee, and the career and advancement opportunities available.
These are people who are moved from one job to another, either within the same work area, i.e.
the same department or function, or to dissimilar work under a different management. Under this
heading we are excluding promotions, which take people into entirely new levels of
responsibility.
3. PROMOTIONS
Although similar to the transferee in that there is a new job to be learned in new surroundings,
he is dissimilar in that the promotion has brought him to a new level of supervisory or
management responsibility. The change is usually too important and difficult to make
successfully to permit one to assume that the promotes will pick it up as he goes along and
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attention has to be paid to training in the tasks and the responsibilities and personal skills
Even the most experienced operator has everything to learn when a computer and electronic
controls replace the previous manual and electro-mechanical system on the process plant on
which he works. There is no less a training requirement for the supervisors and process
5. NEW PROCEDURES
Mainly for those who work in offices in commercial and administrative functions but also for
those who we workplace is on the shop floor or on process plant on any occasion on which there
is a modification to existing paperwork or procedure for, say the withdrawal of materials from
stores, the control of customer credit the approval of expense claims, there needs to be
instruction on the change in the way of working in many instances, a note bringing the attention
of all concerned the change is assume to be sufficient, but there are cases, such as when total
new systems in corporating IT up dates are installed, when more thorough training is needed.
Changes in any one these are likely to be conveyed by printed note or by word of mouth by the
manager to his subordinates, and this can be the most satisfaction way of dealing with the
change from the point of view of getting those affected to understand their new responsibility.
However not all changes under this heading can be left to this sort of handling. Even the
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simplest looking instruction may be regarded as undesirable or impracticable by whoever has to
perform it he may not understand the purpose behind the change and lose confidence in a
management which he now believes to be „messing about‟, or he may understand the purpose
These can arise, as a result of management decisions, in a number of ways. In examples, the
recognition of the accounts department can result in a realization of responsibilities between the
section leaders of credit control, invoicing and customer records, although there is no movement
of staff between the sections (i.e. no transfers). Although the change in work content for each
clerk and supervisor is defined clearly for each person in the new procedures, there is
nevertheless a need for each person to know where he stands in the new set up, which is
responsible for what, and where to direct problems and enquiries as they arise in the future.
8. MAINTENANCE OF STANDARDS
We are here concerned with maintenance of standards through training, for it must be
remembered that supervision and inspection and qualify control are continuously responsible for
standards and exercise their own authorities to this end. Although it is generally agreed that
some retraining from time to time, taking varied forms even for the on group of employees, does
act as both a reminder and a stimulus, there is not much agreement on the next frequency and
form that such retraining should take, of there is as yet little scientific knowledge on this subject
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9. THE MAINTENANCE OF ADAPTABILITY
Again, whilst there is little scientific study of the loss of ability to learn new skills in those cases
where people spend a long time without change, and without the need to learn, there is
increasing evidence in current experience to suggest that this is the case in industrial
employment. Add, of course, there is the inference arising from the laboratory experiments of
psychologists.
STANDARDS
Skills in supervising, employee appraisal, communications, leadership etc are important in all
companies. Some of these skills are seen to be critical to major developments in company
organisation, culture, employee empowerment and so on. Initial training in these skills is not
uncommon in the largest companies on appointment into management and supervision. But
continuous training and performance monitoring is rare, despite the common knowledge that
Employees of any position in the company who are heading towards retirement will benefit from
learning about health, social life, work opportunities money management etc. Internal or
external courses are best attended a year or two before retirement date, in a few companies a
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TYPES OF TRAINING
Training is required for several purposes. Accordingly training programmes may be of the
following types:
employees to the work environment. Every new employee needs to be made fully
familiar with his job, his superiors and subordinates and with the rules and regulations of
Job training: It refers to the training provided with a view to increase the knowledge and
skills of an employee for performance on the job. Employees may be taught the correct
methods of handling equipment and machines used in a job. Such training helps to reduce
known as safety training. It involves instruction in the use of safety devices and in safety
consciousness.
perform higher-level jobs. Employees with potential are selected and they are given
training before their promotion, so that they do not find it difficult to shoulder the higher
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Refresher training: When existing techniques become obsolete due to the development
of better techniques, employees have to be trained in the use of new methods and
techniques. With the passage of time employee may forget some of the methods of doing
work. Refresher training is designed to revive and refresh the knowledge and to update
the skills of the existing employees. Short-term refresher courses have become popular
METHODS OF TRAINING
ON-THE-JOB TECHNIQUES
On the job techniques enables managers to practice management skills, make mistakes and learn
from their mistakes under the guidance of an experienced, competent manager. Some of the
different jobs for periods of time ranging from a few hours to several weeks. At lower job
levels, it normally consumes a short period, such as few hours or one or two days. At
higher job levels, it may consume much larger periods because staff trainees may be
learning complex functions and responsibilities. Job rotation for managers usually
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involves temporary assignments that may range from several months to one or more
years in various departments, plants and offices. Job rotation for trainees involves several
short-term assignments, that touch a variety of skills and gives the trainees a greater
understanding of how various work areas function. For middle and upper level
promotions, which last for one or more years. It involves a move to different work
making skills.
By giving an employee added job duties, and increasing the autonomy and responsibilities
associated with the job, the firm allows an employee to learn a lot about the job, department and
organization.
It is also known as step-by-step training. Here, the trainer explains the trainee the way of doing
the jobs, job knowledge and skills and allows him to do the job. The trainer appraises the
performance of the trainee, provides feedback information and corrects the trainee. In simple
words, it involves preparation, presentation, performance, and tryout and follow up.
Coaching:
The trainee is placed under a particular supervisor who functions as a coach in training the
individual. The supervisor provides the feedback to the trainee on his performance and offers
him some suggestions for improvement. Often the trainee shares some duties and
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responsibilities of the coach and relives him of his burden. A drawback is that the trainee may
Committee assignments:
Here in, a group of trainees are given and asked to solve an actual organizational problem. The
trainees solve the problem jointly. This develops team work and group cohesiveness feelings
OFF-THE-JOB TRAINING
It includes anything performed away from the employee‟s job area or immediate work area.
IN HOUSE PROGRAMMES
These are conducted within the organizations own training facility; either by training specialists
OFF-SITE PROGRAMMES
government agency or an independent training and development firm. The various off- the- job-
Vestibule training: Herein, actual work conditions are simulated in a classroom. Material, files
and equipment those are used in actual job performance are also used in training. This type of
training is commonly used for training personnel for clerical and semiskilled jobs. The duration
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of this training ranges from few days to a few weeks. Theory can be related to practice in this
method.
in imaginary situations. This method involves action doing and practice. The participants play
the
role of certain characters, such as production manager, HR manager, foreman, workers etc. This
· Lecture method: The lecture is a traditional and direct method of instruction. The instruction
organizes the material and gives it to the group of trainees in the form of a talk. To be effective,
the lecture must motivate and create interest among the trainees. An advantage of this method is
personnel. It involves a group of people who pose ideas, examine and share facts and data, test
assumptions and draw conclusions, all of which contribute to the improvement of job
performance. It has an advantage that it involves two way communication and hence feedback is
provided. The participants feel free to speak in small groups. Success depends upon the
Executives are the people who shape the policies, make the decisions and see their
implementation in any business organization. They are the president, the vice-president, the
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managing director, works manager, plant superintendent, controller, treasurer, office managers,
engineers, directors of functions such as purchasing, research, personnel, legal, marketing etc.
Executive development may be stated as the application of planned efforts for raising the
performance standards of high level managers, and for improving the attitudes and activities that
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TRAINING PROGRAMMES IN HAL
HAL follows the philosophy to establish and build a strong performance driven culture with
greater accountability and responsibility at all levels. To that extent the Company views
capability as a combination of the right people in the right jobs, supported by the right processes,
systems, structure and metrics. The Company organizes various training and development
programmes, both inhouse and at other places in order to enhance the skills and efficiency of its
employees. These training and development programmes are conducted at various levels for
officers.
Classroom lectures
Mentoring
Workshop
Orientation/Induction
HAL provides training to all its employees as per the policy of the organization.
PURPOSE OF TRAINING: To ensure availability of trained manpower and fill the gap
between the skills required for job and the skill available.
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PROCESS
Feedback form
FEEDBACK:
61
The Performance Appraisal form of the organization has a section in which the training and
development needs are filled up. The Individual Officer first identifies the training needs of
himself and then it is recommended by the reporting Officer and then by the Departmental Head.
In HAL two tyre system is followed in which both the employee and the higher authority praise.
2. Self appraisal
3. Assessment of traits
The Training needs as identified in the PAR(performance appraisal report) are recorded by the
HRD Department and necessary action is taken for imparting the identified training. Training
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- Company‟s strategy and policy.
After getting feedback from the HRD department about the training and development need
training calendar is prepared by the initiative authority for the purpose of the defining :
Trainee number
Type of training
Supervisor/ guide
After preparing the training calendar it is validate by the training council which consist 5-6
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After approval of calendar by the training council it is further send for the final approval of
IMPLEMENTATION
IMPARTING OF TRAINING
Actual training is imparted with the help of in-house and outside agencies. The selection of
these agencies is done on the basis of reputation; programmes offered by them, past experience
and feedback received from the earlier participants. Training is also imparted by nominating the
concerned employee for an external training programme. All records of the training are
maintained at branch as per Record of Training in the Personnel folder and the same is intimated
A feedback is taken from the participants through a questionnaire on the program and their
impressions in order to further improve upon the same. There are three such questionnaires
available and one of these is used depending upon the nature of the training program and the
level of participants. Also, a person from the personnel department sits through the final session
of the program and takes the verbal feedback about the program.
- Functional
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- Behavioral
1. Functional: The outcome of the training is measured by comparing the data pre-training and
post-training. A scale is developed for measuring the effectiveness of training based on the %
2. Behavioral: The effectiveness of the training of this nature is measured annually. This is seen
through the training need identification for the coming year for the employee. If the training
need is repeated there, then the training provided is taken as ineffective. If the training need is
repeated but with focus on a part of the need, then the training is partially effective. If not
3. General: These are the training needs flowing directly from the organizational needs.
Examples of these can be ISO 9000 training, ISO 14000 training and any awareness training.
These are omnibus training programmes, which are run for a large number of employees.
The effectiveness of the outside training program is measured on the same line as above.
However, no detailed brochure is prepared for the same. The measurement criterion for the
program is defined in the beginning of the program and effectiveness measured against the
same. A consolidated effectiveness report of the training program is prepared at the end of the
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RESEARCH OBJECTIVES IN HAL
The first & foremost step in any research work is to identify the problems or objectives on
MAJOR OBJECTIVE
To analyze the existing training practices, its effectiveness and recommend measures to
MINOR OBJECTIVES
To study the frequency of training, training methods and their effects on the trainees and
To take feedback and analyze the level of satisfaction amongst the employees in respect
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Every project work is based on certain methodology, which is a way to systematically solve the
problem or attain its objectives. It is a very important guideline and lead to completion of any
conclusions.”
Analysis of feedback
In order to take a reasonable sample size and not to disturb the functioning of the organization, a
sample size of reasonable strength of the Company has been taken in order to arrive at the
Accordingly, 50 officers have been selected at random from all the departments of the
organization and feedback forms (questionnaire) have been obtained. The data has been
The technique of Random Sampling has been used in the analysis of the data/Random
sampling from a finite population refers to that method of sample selection, which gives each
possible sample combination an equal probability of being picked up and each item in the entire
population to have an equal chance of being included in the sample. This sampling is without
replacement, i.e. once an item is selected for the sample, it cannot appear in the sample again.
DATA COLLECTION
earch mainly two kinds of data was collected namely primary & secondary data as explained
below:
PRIMARY DATA
Primary data are those, which were collected afresh & for the first time and thus happen to be
original in character. However, there are many methods of collecting the primary data; all have
not been used for the purpose of this project. The ones that have been used are:
Questionnaire
Informal Interviews
Observation
SECONDARY DATA
Secondary data is collected from previous researches and literature to fill in the respective
Articles
Journals
Websites
The main statistical tools used for the collection and analyses of data in this project are:
Pie Charts
Tables
Training Effectiveness is the process wherein the management finds out how effective it has
more effective.
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DATA ANALYSIS
TABLE:1
Figure:1
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INTERPRETATION
45% of the officers have attended 6-15 training programmes in the last 5 years, which is an
indication of an effective training policy of the organization. However, 40% of the officers have
attended only 0-5 training programmes, which needs to be evenly monitored by the
organization.
TABLE:2
71
strongly
disagree
20% strongly agree
25%
moderately
disagree
5%
moderately
can't say agree
15% 35%
Figure:2
INTERPRETATION
35% of the respondents moderately agree to the fact of knowing the training objectives before,
in addition to 25% who strongly agree. But a small population disagrees as 20% strongly
disagree to this notion. Training objectives should therefore be made known compulsorily
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3. The training program was relevant to your developmental needs.
TABLE:3
strongly
moderately disagree
disagree 5%
10%
strongly agree
30%
can't say
15%
moderately
agree
40%
Figure:3
73
INTERPRETATION
70% of the respondents feel that the training programmes were in accordance to their
developmental needs. 15% respondents could not comment on the question and 15% think that
So the organization must ensure programmes that satisfy the developmental needs of the
officers.
TABLE:4
74
strongly
disagree
10%
moderately strongly agree
disagree 32%
16%
moderately
can't say agree
21% 21%
Figure:4
INTERPRETATION
52% respondents feel that the time limit of the training programme was adequate but 25% feel
that it was insufficient. Also, 21% could not comment on the question. All the respondents
though felt that increase in time limit of the programmes would certainly be beneficial and the
5) The training methods used during the training were effective for understanding the
subject.
75
TABLE:5
Figure:5
76
INTERPRETATION
40% of the respondents believe that the training methods used during the programmes were
helpful in understanding the subject, yet 25% disagree to this notion. The organization should
use better, hi-tech methods to enhance the effectiveness of the methods being used during
TABLE:6
77
strongly disagree
10%
moderately disagree strongly agree
15% 25%
can't say
10%
moderately agree
40%
Figure:6
INTERPRETATION
65% respondents believe that the training sessions were exciting and a good learning experience.
10% respondents could not comment on this while 25% differ in opinion. They feel that the
training sessions could have been more exciting if the sessions had been more interactive and in
7) The training aids used were helpful in improving the overall effectiveness of the
programme.
78
TABLE:7
can't say
35%
moderately agree
25%
Figure:7
79
INTERPRETATION
40% of the respondents believe that the training aids used were helpful in improving the overall
effectiveness, yet 20% disagree to this notion. 35% respondents did not comment on the issue.
Yet the total mindset of the respondents was that the organization should use better
scientific aids to enhance the presentation and acceptance value of the training program.
TABLE:8
80
strongly disagree
15% strongly agree
15%
moderately
disagree
20% moderately agree
30%
can't say
20%
Figure:8
INTERPRETATION
45% respondents believe that the training programmes increase their job efficiency but 35%
disagree to this. The view of the respondents were towards having more technological and
current topics for the training programmes which could help them satisfy their creative urge and
9) In your opinion, the numbers of training programmes organized during the year were
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TABLE:9
strongly agree
strongly 10%
disagree moderately
40% agree
15%
can't say
moderately 25%
disagree
10%
Figure:9
INTERPRETATION
25% respondents have the opinion that the frequency of the training programmes is sufficient
but 50% of the respondents differ to this. They believe that the number of training programmes
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organized in a year should be increased and some in house training programmes should also be
10) How many training programmes have you attended during the last year?
TABLE:10
More than 8
6_8 3%
10%
3_5
25%
Upto 2
62%
Figure:10
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INTERPRETATION
35% of the workers have attended 3-8 training programmes in the last year, which is the clue of
a useful training policy of the organization. However, 62% of the workers have attended only 0-
2 training programmes, which should be effectively seen by the organization. Also, every
TABLE:11
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moderately strongly
disagree disagree
13% 3%
can't say
12%
strongly agree
47%
moderately
agree
25%
Figure:11
INTERPRETATION
71% of the respondents feel that the training programmes were useful. 13% respondents could
not comment on the question and 16% think that the programmes were irrelevant to their
objective of being useful. The organization must ensure programmes that are useful and prove to
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12) The time limit of the training programme was sufficient.
TABLE:12
strongly
disagree
strongly agree
20%
17%
moderately
disagree
15% moderately
agree
35%
can't say
13%
Figure:12
INTERPRETATION
86
42% respondents feel that the time limit of the training programme was adequate but 35% feel
that it was insufficient. Also, 13% could not comment on the question. All the respondents
though felt that increase in time limit of the programmes would certainly be advantageous and
13) The time limit of the training program, if increased would make it more effective.
TABLE:13
87
moderately strongly
disagree disagree
20% 5%
strongly agree
45%
can't say
10%
moderately
agree
20%
Figure:13
INTERPRETATION
65% respondents feel that the increase in the duration of the training programmes would be
beneficial but 25% differ to this opinion. Going by the majority, the organization should make
required changes to increase the duration of the programmes and also take the opinion of the
88
FINDINGS
the respondents.
The objectives of the training programmes were broadly known to the respondents prior
to attending them.
The training programmes were adequately designed to cater to the developmental needs
of the respondents.
Some of the respondents suggested that the time period of the training programmes were
Some of the respondents also suggested that use of latest training methods will enhance
Some respondents believe that the training sessions could be made more exciting if the
sessions had been more interactive and in line with the current practices in the market.
The training aids used were helpful in improving the overall effectiveness of the training
programmes.
increased.
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the data collected through the questionnaire and interactions with the Officers of HAL
The organization may utilize both subjective and objective approach for the training
programmes.
The organization may consider deputing each employee to attend at least one training
employees since it will help employees to attend their official work while undergoing the
training.
The organization can also arrange part time training programmes in the office premises
for short durations, spanning over a few days, in order to avoid any interruption in the
routine work.
The organization can arrange the training programmes department wise in order to give
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
www.hal-india.com
& www.globalsecurity.org
Employee handbook
Research methodology
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QUESTIONNAIRE
3rd semester of MBA program. As part of my curriculum I have selected the subject “
submitting my questionnaire to your kind opinion. This questionnaire is only for the
study purpose.
Thanking you
Yours Faithfully
Usha verma
NAME:
DESIGNATION:
QUALIFICATION:
EXPERIENCE:
92
QUESTIONNAIRRE ON EXECUTIVE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT IN HAL,
ACCESSORIES DIVISION
0-5
6-10
10-15
More than 15
Can‟t Say
93
4) The period of training session was sufficient for the learning.
5) The training methods used during the training were effective for understanding the
subject.
Say
94
7) The training aids used were effective in improving the overall effectiveness of the
programme.
9) In your opinion, the numbers of training programmes organized during the year were
sufficient.
oderately agree
95
10) How many training programmes have you attended during the last year?
Upto 2
3-5
6-8
More than 8
ay
96
13) The time limit of the training programme, if increased would make it more effective.
97