«Approved»

Dean of the foreign students

Professor _______________Yu.G.Poostovyy
«____»________________2008р.

QUESTIONS FOR INSUFFICIENT MARK RESIT.

No Practical class topic Questions

1. - Tuberculosis epidemiology. Main epidemiological indices calculating and interpreting;
Tuberculosis transmission ways;
Tuberculosis risk factors and risk groups;
Mycobacteria pathogenic and nonpathogenic types;
- Tuberculosis etiology and Main links of the disease pathogenesis;
pathogenesis. Immunity and Phases of the immunological transformation;
tuberculosis.
- Tuberculosis clinical Diagnosis formulation (clinical type of the disease, category, cohort, bacterial
classification. discharging, histological type).
2. - General approaches for case Most common complaints and anamnesis’ data;
detecting. Typical plan of patient with the suspicion of tuberculosis examination (obligate and
additional methods);
- Special methods of case Methods of mycobacteria detecting, each method’s advantages and disadvantages;
detecting;
a) Microbiological tests Methods of tuberculosis radiological detecting, each method’s advantages and

b) Radiological methods
c) Tuberculin tests
3. - Primary tuberculosis:
- Pre-local tuberculosis
- Intrathoracic lymph nodes
tuberculosis.
- Primary tubercle complex
- Primary tuberculosis
complications.
- Primary tuberculosis age
differences in children,
adolescents and adults.
4. Disseminative tuberculosis.
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disadvantages;
Principle radiological syndromes of pulmonary diseases;
Anterior-posterior and lateral view of the chest X-ray description;
The tuberculin solution, its type and dosage;
Types of the tuberculin responses;
Mantoux skin test procedure and interpreting;
Post-vaccine and infectious reaction differentiating;
Mantoux skin test conversion. Definition and intervention.
Primary period of the tubercle infection. Principle differences between primary and
secondary tuberculosis;
Primary tuberculosis clinical types;
Pre-local tuberculosis definition and diagnostical algorithm;
Pre-local tuberculosis deferential diagnosis;
Intrathoracic lymph nodes tuberculosis definition and diagnostical algorithm.
Different clinical variants if the disease;
Intrathoracic lymph nodes tuberculosis deferential diagnosis;
Primary tubercle complex definition and principle elements. Diagnostical algorithm;
Primary tubercle complex phases;
Primary tubercle complex differential diagnosis;
Plain X-ray of primary tuberculosis cases description;
Primary tuberculosis complications;
Physiological age peculiarities which produce primary tuberculosis clinical course
differences;
Primary tuberculosis age differences in children, adolescents and adults.
The factors producing dissemination;
Types of disseminative tuberculosis;
Subacute and chronic disseminative tuberculosis definition and diagnostical
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algorithm;
Disseminative tuberculosis differentiation from pneumonia, disseminated lung
cancer, sarcoidosis, pneumoconiosis;
Plain X-ray of miliary tuberculosis cases description;
Miliary tuberculosis. Miliary tuberculosis definition and clinical variants;
Tubercle granuloma peculiarities in miliary tuberculosis;
Miliary tuberculosis differentiation from pneumonia, typhoid fever, disseminated
lung cancer;
Miliary tuberculosis diagnostical algorithm;
Tuberculosis of the nervous Tuberculosis of the nervous system clinical types;
system and meninges. Periods of the disease;
Clinical and laboratory criteria of the tubercle meningitis;
Differential diagnosis in meningeal syndrome cases;
Meningeal tuberculosis diagnostical algorithm.
5. Secondary tuberculosis clinical Secondary tuberculosis definition and clinical types;
types: Focal tuberculosis definition, morphological variants and typical clinical course;
- Focal Tuberculosis activity appreciation;
Plain X-ray of focal tuberculosis cases description;
- Infiltrative Infiltrative tuberculosis definition, clinico-radiological variants;
Infiltrative tuberculosis diagnostical algorithm, clinical peculiarities depending on
infiltrate radiological type;
Infiltrative tuberculosis differentiation from pneumonia, atelectasis, lung cancer;
Plain X-ray of infiltrative tuberculosis cases description;
- Tuberculoma Tuberculoma definition, morphological variants and typical clinical course;
Tuberculoma differentiation from pulmonary benign and malignant tumors,
aspergiloma, echinococcosis;
Diagnostical algorithm in round opacity cases;
Plain X-ray of round opacity cases description;
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- Fibrous-cavernous and cirrhotic Fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis definition, morphological and clinical variants of the
tuberculosis disease;
Typical clinical course and diagnostical approaches at the disease;
Plain X-ray of fibrous-cavernous cases description;
Cirrhotic tuberculosis definition, morphological and clinical peculiarities;
Plain X-ray of cirrhosis cases description.
6. Tuberculosis complications: Tuberculosis specific and nonspecific complications;
-hemoptysis and pulmonary Main pathogenesis variants of the pulmonary hemorrhage;
hemorrhage Differential diagnosis from bleeding of other localization (esophageal, nasal, gastric
ones);
Severity appreciation;
Critical care algorithm;
-spontaneous pneumathorax Spontaneous pneumathorax definition and principle pathogenesis;
Spontaneous pneumathorax critical care algorithm;
-secondary pulmonary Secondary pulmonary hypertension mechanism;
hypertension Secondary pulmonary hypertension diagnostical criteria;
Secondary pulmonary hypertension management;
- amyloidosis Amyloidosis pathogenesis, diagnosis and management;
Tubercle pleurisy Tubercle pleurisy definition and pathogenetical variants;
Clinical feature and laboratory diagnosis of pleurisy;
Differential diagnosis in pleurisy of different origin (tuberculosis, non-specific,
malignant);
Plain X-ray of pleurisy cases description.
7. General principles of tuberculosis General principles of tuberculosis treatment, DOTS-strategy;
treatment. Antituberculosis drugs. An expanded treatment conception;
Standard treatment regimen. Existing antituberculosis drugs classifications;
Treatment-directed cases categories;
The phases of the treatment;
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Tuberculosis prevention. Social, Recovery criteria;

medical, sanitary approach. Principle preventive measures;
Main socially-based approaches;
Tuberculosis hotbed definition and hazard appreciation;
Preventive activity in the hotbed (disinfection, screening, chemoprophylaxis);
Chemoprophylaxis definition and types;
Indications and contraindications for chemoprophylaxis;
-BCG-vaccination. Existing chemoprophylaxis regimens;
BCG-vaccine characteristics;
Vaccination procedure and post-vaccinate evolution;
Contraindications for BCG-vaccination;
Post-vaccine complications.
8. HIV-associated tuberculosis Principle pathogenesis mechanisms of the HIV-associated tuberculosis;
Most common tuberculosis clinical types in HIV-positive patients versus HIV-
negative;
HIV-associated tuberculosis management;
Tuberculosis prevention among HIV-positive patients;
Tuberculosis in patients with Diabetes mellitus as a tuberculosis risk factor;
diabetes mellitus. Clinical, diagnostical and managerial peculiarities of the tuberculosis combined with
diabetes mellitus;
Tuberculosis in patients with The type of pneumoconiosis which produces tuberculosis the most frequently;
pneumoconiosis. Clinical, diagnostical and managerial peculiarities of the tuberculosis combined with
pneumoconiosis;
Plain X-ray of the tuberculosis combined with pneumoconiosis cases description;
Tuberculosis and pregnancy. Pregnancy as a tuberculosis risk factor. The highest risk periods of the pregnancy;
Clinical, diagnostical and managerial peculiarities of the tuberculosis in pregnant
women;
Management of the newborn from the mother suffering from tuberculosis.
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9. TB control system. Organizational Main organizational principles of the DOTS strategy;

principles of DOTS (Directly Elements of the DOTS strategy;
observed treatment short course). Existing approach for the case detecting;
Tuberculosis-control systems in the countries with different level of tuberculosis
prevalence.

Approved on chair meeting «____»__________________2008р.

Protocol№ ________
Head of the Phtisiology chair,
Professor _______________Yu.G.Poostovyy
Methodic board head ,
Professor _______________Yu.N.Kolchin