INTRODUCTION In the early 1970’s Japanese health care professionals were experimenting with alternative treatments, such as ultra low temperature treatment, for or thopedic ailments. Many diag- noses required surgery and/or hospitalization. Others could not be treated effectively. Af- ter studying kinesiology and graduating from a United States chiropractic college, | became intrigued with the idea of combining these two principles and developing an easier, more effective method of treatment. Then, in 1973, af- ter a long period of trial, | de- veloped “Kinesio Taping.” Most patients came to my clinic as a last resort for their chronic illnesses/ disorders. Kinesio tape has provided ex- cellent results for those illnesses/ disorders which were not healed by other treatments. As study progresses, the effec- tiveness of taping has ex- ceeded the original expec- tations. Taping not only re- laxes muscle tension, but also improves blood/lymph flow and is effective for neurologi- cal symptoms through skin stimulation. Asthe tape and taping tech- niques have improved, the number of applications have increased. All my past work has been combined in this book to make it more practi- cal and easy to understand by describing various symp- toms and tape applications. Kinesio taping is still improving. Accumulation of experience and data from study and ac- tual treatments may lead to developing new taping treat- » ments. My hope is that this reader's “pain” will soon be relieved.CONTENTS 2. Jaw Problems (1) Unable to Open Mouth due to the Pain — 1. {2)Pain from Chewing — 16 3. Nasal Congestion/Sinusitis — 18 Trigeminal Neuralgia — 20 5. Eyestrain — 22 Pp ; (1)Pain with Right/Left Tilting — 24 (2)Pain with Rotation — 26 (3)Pain with Faceup — 28 (4) Pain with Face-down — 301, Stiff Shoulders — 34 2. Shoulder Pain (Frozen Shoulder) ~ 36 3. Shoulder Pain with Movement — 38 4. Dislocation of Shoulder Joint — 40 5. Stiffness from Excessive Movement — 42 41. Dullness/Pain in Upper Arm — 46 2, Unable to Bend/Stretch Elbow — 48 3. Pain in Elbow Joint (1) Inner Elbow Pain (Golfers Eibow] — 50 (2) Outer Elbow Pain (Tennis Elbow) — 52 4. Wrist Pain — 54 5. Sprained Finger — 56 6. Pain at the base of Thumb (Tenosynovitis/ Tendinitis) — 58 7. Lump on the Wrist (Ganglion) — 60 8. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome — 62 9. Unable to Stretch Fingers (Trigger Finger) ~ 64 10. Loss of Grip Strength — 66 2. Pain around Shoulder Blade — 72 3. Strengthen Dorsal (Back) Muscle — 74 41. Shortness of Breath/Palpitation —78 2. Asthma — 80 3. Intercostal Neuralgia — 82 4. Pain from Broken/Cracked Rib — 84 * Taping for Bruise — 86: 2, Discomfort/Pain on the Side — 88 Menstrual Cramps — 90 ars ows Low Back Pain (in Muscle) — 94 Low Back Pain (fram internal Organ Disorder) — 96 Low Back Pain (from Pelvis Disorder] — 98 Hernia of an Intervertibrae Disk — 100 Sciatica — 102 Strained Back — 104 Qaboos N Cramp in Leg (Charley Horse) — 106 Torn Muscle — 108 Muscle ache form Excessive Movement — 110 Unable to Walk due to Pain in Hip Joint — 112 Inflammatory Knee Joint — 114 Sprain (1) Outward Sprain at Ankle — 116 (2) Inward Sprain at Ankle — 118 Varicosity — 120 Pain in Achilles’ Tendon — 122 Hallux Valgas (Crooked Toe) — 124 Flat Foot — 126 Swelling of Foot and Athletes’ Foot — 128 Round Shoulders/ Scoliosis — 134 o 132What is Kinesio Tape? Complicated Modern Illnesses Troublesome pain, such as lower back pain, shoulder stiffness, and neuralgia, can be treated by a simple application of tape — Kinesio tape. People who suffer these kinds of chronic complaints may have tried various means of treatments, in- cluding many home remedies. Take shoulder stiffness, for in- stance, old measures such as mas- sage, pounding, compress, acu- puncture, moxibustion, finger pres- sure, pressure point, and chiroprac- tic, as well as new cold treatment, dumbbell/tube exercise, aquavix, and many other measures can be applied, Why are there so many treat- ments? There are so many be- cause none of these can be the definitive treatment, and the popu- lation with chronic complaints is always increasing. Moreover, lower back pain, stiff shoulders, and al- lergy sufferers have increased. These can be related to amod- ern life style. For instance, lower back pain can be caused not only by muscle labor but also long hours of desk work, mental stress, bad posture, tight clothes/foot wear, lack of exercise, efc.. These negative factors have in- creased and are complicated by modern life environment. There are various pain treat- ments which are not effective for all cases because of the complex- ity of causes. Prolonged doctor vis- its or medication are not easy, and home treatment couid be harmful. Our search for an easy and safe treatment for everybody has lead to Kinesio tape. Development of Kinesio Tape Kinesio tape was developed af- ter many trials and errors. The con- cept that one’s natural healing power is related to the self-healing capability of the muscle was dis- covered during our search of treat- ment for those patients who did not respond to conventional orthope- dic treatments. In other words, illnesses, disorders, and inflammation may improve when the function of the affected muscle is corrected.Tape is known to be effective for muscle support. However, conven- tional sports taping is only for tem- porary joint protection for sports athletes and not for ordinary people, Tight taping will result in poor circulation and irritation. Ittook two years for research and development of Kinesio tape. Tape materials, adhesive and its aeration, and the most important point, the elasticity close to the human skin were taken into consideration. The effect of Kinesio tape There are four major features and effectiveness. 1. Correct Muscle Function. Tape is effective for recondition- ing the abnormal muscle tension, or strengthening the weakened muscle, Also, it is effective for muscle fatigue and cramps. 2. Improve Circulation of Blood/ Lymph Tape will eliminate the tissue fluid or bleeding beneath the skin by moving the muscle. 3. For Pain Neurological suppression of pain occurs by applying the tape to the affected area. Also, pain will be suppressed as mentioned in Effect 2, above. 4, Reposition the Subluxation Joint The dislocated joint bone due to abnormal muscle tension can be corrected by taping which will re- cover the function of fascia and muscle. Regardless of the part of the body, taping can be used for vari- ous pains and disorders, as a pre- ventive measure for injury/illness, and for rehabilitation. Other than the ordinary symptoms, taping will support muscles before and after exercise and prolonged walking. For athletes, it is possible to treat the Joint while protecting it by using Kinesio tape in conjunction with conventional sports taping. Itis easy to use Kinesio tape, how- ever, there are a few points to re- member. On the next page, application and cautions will be discussed.How to Use and Cautions for Kinesio Tape About Tapes (Size) There are three widths of tapes, 1°, 2”, and 3”. The most often used are 1” and 2", For the first time user, 2” will be sufficient. It can be cut to fit fingers, Y- shape, or X-shape easily. (Color) There are three colors of tape: tan, ted and blue. Colored tape which is fashionable and eye catching, is preferred by ath- letes; red for excitement, blue for tran- quility. (Shape) Attrioutes of the tape allows It to be cut to fit the affected area (e.g. muscle, nerve.) |-shaped, Y-shaped, X- shaped, and fork-shaped tapes are primarily used, The (length) of the tape indicated in this book is the standard length. However, it should be adjusted according to the user's size. Measure the length of the area before cutting the tape. 1) I-shaped tape; {| Cut to the length for application. 2) Y-shaped tape; Cut the tape length wise ond ‘open to form a V-shape.3) X-shaped tape; Cut the fope trom both ends and open to form a X-shape, 4) Fork-shape; Cut the tope with |. three or four slits ‘and open fo form a fork-shape. 10 Point of taping * When the painful area is obvious, apply the tape at the affected area (e.g. muscle, joint.) Otherwise, apply as indicated. * Stretch the muscle as much as pos- sible when applying tape. Avoid pull- Ing the tape. Tape should be wrinkled at completion, *Remove backing gradually to avoid tangling. * If pulling is sensed after completion, reapply the tape. Caution * Aeration is considered for Kinesio tape. However, people with sensitive skin should try a patch test (try a small piece prior to application.) Leave undisturbed for 24 hours. lf no reaction has occurred, it is ok to use Kinesio Tape If the skin test causes any abnormal reaction such as redness, itching, burn- Ing, swelling, or other signs of irritation in or surrounding the test area, it means you are allergic or sensitive to the tape and must not use it. * Tension of the tape interferes with ventilation which may cause irritation. Stretch the body/ muscle and avoid pulling the tape for best results. * The same fape can be worn for a few days. You may take a shower with tapes on but pat dry afterwards. * After sweating, to eliminate residue, replace the tape. *The width of tape described in (Tape Required) in each section is 2 inches un- less another width is recommended.There are many causes and conditions for headaches. Here, discomfort caused by excessive use of muscle behind the neck will be discussed. Keeping the same Posture for a long time may cause a stiff neck, headache, and dull pain at back of the head, This type of headache is called a muscle tension head- ache. Ierinteceliaelolta Place the tape around the cervical vertebrae. (Effects of Taping](Tape required) Corde yt @Y-shaped tape: 4” (length) with 3” cut. @ Bend the neck forward from a sitting position. Place the base of the tape at the hair line at the back of the neck. @ Place each side of the tape downward around the cervical vertebrae. Note! Lightly place the base of Y- shaped tape and remove the backing slowly to avoid sticking together or tangling. © Completion should form symmetry on both sides. 2 7 . | 13NTA aNOhEst 9 (1) Unable to Open Mouth due fo the Pain Moving the jaw, especially opening the mouth widely is painful. Abnormality in the muscle/ligament/joint at the jaw could be the cause of pain. Pain occurs when opening/closing of the mouth. Sometimes, there is difficulty In opening the mouth. The pain source may vary, such as in a muscle area or the joint itself. ixelinecclalleleliate) 4 This is similar to the next subject on page p 16, but slightly closer to the ear, (Effects of Taping)(Tape required) (Taping Method) shaped tape: 1” (width) x 2° dength) @ Place one side of the tape at " the corner of the eye. @ Extend along with the jaw muscle. ® Compietion. Lightly stretch the tape. Stop using the tape, if irritation or rashes are experienced.@ Jaw Prosuens (2) Pain from Chewing Abnormality in the jaw joint or an abnormal occlusion could be the cause. Other than jaw pain, a person may experl- ence dizziness, ringing in the ear, stiff shoulder, and/or headache. Equilibrium can be af- fected by jaw abnor mallity. The are two locations of masticatory muscles; surface and internal; two tapes should be used to support these muscles. (laiorreelteelta|}7 {Tape required) ping Method) @ shaped tape: Two 2” (length) x 1” (width) @ Apply tapes with mouth open (muscle should be stretched.) Extend the tape =| along the Jaw muscle toward - | the end of the jaw. | | | ‘| | @ Place one side of the tape at the corner of eye. © Place the other tape slightly shifted to the first one, @ Extend the tape toward the end of the jaw. Open the mouth as widely as possible to stretch the muscle when you apply these tapes. ® Completion. 17Nasal congestion is a result of inflammation on the nasal mem: brane from flu, allergy, etc. Sinusitis from inflammation spreads to the sinus cavities to produce mucous discharge. : Breathing through the mouth due to conges- i tion may damage the throat. Also, an unpleas- ant side-effect is nasal discharge. Sinusitis may cause complications such as ear infection, bronchitis, headache, | poormemory, or lack of | concentration. Point of Taping Open the mouth widely to stretch the muscle while placing | tape against side of the ear. ((aitcrarael (el efiate)}cI rf (Tape required) Moa Ml @ |-shaped tape: 1° (width) x 3° dengtn) @\-shaped tape: 1” (width) x 2" (length) @Y-shaped tape: 2” (length) with over 1” cut. @ Place one side of the I-fape (longer one) af tip of nose. @ Extend it between eyebrows. © Place the center of the remain- ing Ltape on forehead by holding both ends of the tape. @ Place one end of Y-tape to the base of the ear and the other to the temple. @ Extend the tape downward keeping the mouth wide open. Since the tape tends to peel off at bridge of the nose, place it firmly but do not stretch the tape since it will irritate. 19’ @ Tricemnat Nevrarcta Severe pain appears on one side of the face. In most cases, it affects middle-aged women. The pain may radiate not only to surrounding nerves, but also to the back of the head and shoulders. Recurrence might be experienced. Shooting pains occur on one side of the face, especially in the cheek and jaw areas. The pain lasts from a few minutes to half an hour, Jaw movement, (e.g. yawning, sneezing, eat- ing, and speaking) washing the face with cold water, or facing cold wind may trigger this pain, Point of Taping Facial tapes come together with the tape in front of the ear, The side of the face should have upper, middle, and lower tapes, ((aierossaleloliare)}(Tape required) (Taping Method) shaped tape: Three 2” length) x 1” (width) @ lshoped tape: One */"(length) x 1" wiath) @ Place the shorter tape in front of the ear near the temple. l @Place one of three Lapes above the outer edge of eyebrow. Extend the tape along hairline forming a curve. ® Place the next tape starting at side of the nose below corner of the eye toward the ear. If blisters are on the face, refrain from taping until they diminish. For best results, wear tapes as long as possible. @ Place the last fape along the jaw bone toward the ear. 21Eye siress is usually caused by long hours of watching TV o computer use, weakened eye sight, incorrect prescriptive lenses, or inappropriate illumination, but occasionally fron mental stress. | Eyes tire easily, hurt, blur, bloodshot, water, and are sensitive to lights. In severe cases, headache, stiffness in i the neck/shoulder, and nausea may also be | present, ig Methods) | (lapes Required) | @ |-shaped tape: 2° | (ength) |Neck Pain/STIFFNESS (1) Pain with Righi/Left Tilting Commonly called “a sprained neck”, this is caused during sleep, stressing the shoulders by turning, or twisting in the wrong po- sition. In minor cases, it will diminish naturally. Extreme cau- tion should be taken with excessive massaging since this may cause adverse effects. Sa If the neck muscle is unnaturally stretched, it is painful to tilt the neck, This is hard to prevent since it happens unex- pectedly. Neck exer cise Is recommended before going to bed for those who habitually suffer from a stiff neck while sleeping, Lelia elgalelellgte Place a tape along the affected side of the neck muscle. Start tap- Ing from the ear down toward the shouider. The end of the tape should reach below the neck line. (Effects of Taping)(Tape required) (Taping Method) @ (shaped tape: Two 1" (width) x 4~6" (engin) @ Place one side of tape behind the ear while tilting neck to the opposite side. 1@ The neck muscle should be stretched as much as possible @ Extend the tape along the neck muscle to the outer edge of the collarbone. | | | | | | © Extend the tape toward the back of the shoulder while the neck is turned in z the opposite direction. 25 The length of the tape should be long enough to reach the neck line. Place the tape on the affected muscle while checking for the sore muscle with your fingers.Neck Pain/STIFFNESS (2) Pain with Rotation The affected area can be spotted by rotating the neck. Ex- cessive use of the arm muscles slow down blood circulation, resulting in shoulder pain/stiffness. Ganong Heaviness/stiffness around shoulders may spread to the cervical vertebrae and neck muscles. This is com- mon among desk work- \ ers and computer users. Since this Is a chronic symptom, change/im- provement of lifestyle is desirable. Genome Place a tape along a the muscle from the neck to the shoulder. If j pain persists, refer to the taping method on “Part I 3.Shoulder.” (Effects of Taping)(Tape required) (Taping es) © Lshaped tape: 1” (width) x 8” length) @ Place tape behind the ear while the neck is tlited to the other side. @ Extend the tape all the way to the end of shoulder. © Completion. 27@ Neck Pain/Stirrness (1) Type in the 2nd line too if t The cervical vertebrae supports the neck and head. When extreme force is applied here, it will cause injury with a long lasting pain such as whiplash. In the case of whip- lash, the symptom will not appear right after the accident. Within a few days, neck pain, headache, or numb- ness in hands may be 4 experienced. If severe pain occurs at the back of the neck when chin Is up, it may be a sign of abnormality in the cervical vertebrae. Point of Taping ! Refrain from moving neck when there is damage in the cervical vertebrae. Place Y- tape along the cervi- cal vertebrae, then place the other tape horizontally,| © Extend the tapes adjacent to | both sides of the cervical vertebrae | while slightly titing the neck for | ward | ° Place the center of |-tape on the | painful area while the tapes sightiy | stretched. (Tape required) (Taping Method) @ Y-shaped tape: 1° (width) x 6” (length) with 8” cut. @ |-shaped tape: 1” (width) x 2” (length) @ Place the base of Y-tape at upper port of the neck. tape. If bending neck is too painful, do not force. © Completion of the Y- 29Neck Pain/STIFFNESS (4) Pain with Face Down Inis Kind Of pain often results from exercise/sports. The neck muscle is considerably stressed. Even golfing which does not require much movement, is stressful to the neck and the pain might linger. Sane Duliness, heaviness, and dull pain in back of neck, Keeping the same position for along time such as driving, is stressful to the neck. Neck cracking is not advisable since this is not a neck exercise and might be harmful. Ieeriatpcous (ellie Place tape on af- fected side of the neck. This muscle is con- nected to the back. Taping for shoulder and back may be used to- gether, feecccae se)(Tape required) Cite Mute) @ shaped tape: 1” (width) x 8” (length) with 6” cut. @ Place the base of tape at shoul- der blade next to the back bone. @ Extend the tape toward the neck line while tilting the neck forward. '@ Place one side of the tape along hairline and the other side slightly apart from the first one, @ Both ends of fhe tape should meet behind ihe ear. Tape should wrap around neck muscle at the completion, 31neS eUnaisSymptoms discussed here are commonly called “shoulder pain from aging” caused by wearing of the muscle. People who do not use their arms/shoulders tend to suffer more. “Shoulder pain from aging” will attack suddenly. Severe cases are called frozen shoul- der. This is painful even with the slightest movement. Sharp pain will attack the back of shoulder/ arm joint when rotating or ralsing the arm. Dur ing the initial stage, piercing pain will be fett with arm movement. tr is serious if the pain per sists without movement or while asleep. Place tapes with el- i bow bent to stretch the muscle between the shoulder and elbow. After completion of | i | taping, tapes should be wrinkied with arms at normal position. feces cacrie)0 While sitting with arm down, place the base of the Y-tape at the center of the outer up- perarm, | @ Lift arm slightly foreword to [stretch the back shoulder muscle, Extend the upper part of ¥etape horizontally fo shoul- der blade. bottom of shoulder biade . 1 Extend lower part of the tape toward the 2" base. (Tape required) '@ Y-shape tape: Two 8” ~ 12" length) with @ Bring the arm in front of chest by bending at elbow. Extend the tapes to wrap around the shoulder muscle. . Lack of improve, “shoulder pain from aging.” After pain occurs, intensive exercise will be harmful. Prolonged use of pain killers is not recommended. Try taping first, and as symptoms © With arm down, place the base of the remaining Y-tape at tip of shoulder. exercise is blamed for start with light exercise. 38\,Frozen shoulder is the result of a severe case of “shoulder pain from aging.” The shoulder is frozen in place and sharp pain occurs even with the slightest movement. Turning while sleep- ing may be difficult. Sinead This is a severe case of “shoulder pain from aging.” and_ slight movement will give a painful sensation, How- ever, in minor cases, pain will disappear i naturally. In the case ! of a frozen shoulder, the pain may radiate from elbow to arm. Point of Taping Add tapes using the taping for “shoulder pain from aging” (page Iu 34.) Taping may look i complicated, but the 1 concept is fo wrap around the affected shoulder muscle. (Effects of Taping)|p Piace tapes using the tap- ing for “shoulder pain from aging (page 3).” Place base of Yiape (8" long) at tip of shoulder. © Place one end of |-tape over base of Y-tape discussed In (4). Extend the tape along the in- side of arm while the arm Is pulled backward to stretch the shoulder and upper arm. (ape required) @ Y-shaped tape: Three 8" (length), One 4"~6" (length) with 1” base. @ Ishaped tape: One 12"(length) @ Extend tapes slightly sepa- rated across the shoulder lade and along the shoul- der line, Top wrapping should be secured. © Place base of Y-tape (4" jong) at edge of collarbone. @ Extend the outer tape straight down, and inner tape slightly angled from first tape, 37When lifting or throwing an object is painful to your shoulders, it may be tendinititis. The common cause is overuse, especially after an extended period of inactivity, carrying a heavy object, or a lot of hand movements. Simple muscle ache may not be serious, while chronic symptoms may result in headache or neck pain. One common symp- tom Is overuse of the shoulder which causes inflammation of ten- dons surrounding the joint, leading to pain, dullness, and stiffness. Shoulder pain radiates to the neck, back, and arms which results In chronic pain if not treated properly. Point of Taping Taping from the shoul- derto upper armis effec- tive since shoulder pain is caused by overuse of the arm muscle. Upper arm taping extended to the end of elbow (beyond the elbow joint) will be ef- fective. (Effects of Taping)(ape required) @ Three V-shaped tapes: One each of 8*, 12", and 4" (length) with 1"~ 2” base. @ Place the base of the 12” tape at inner elbow slightly below the joint. 0 Place the base of 8" tape at upper arm, Extend both | sides of the tape to wrap ground the shoulder muscle. @ Extend one side of the tape to the front of the shoul- der joint. the other side to top of the shoulder. @ Place the base of 4" tape at top of shoulder. Wear tape until the pain diminishes. Avoid using arms extensively. Extend one side of tape along the follarbone, the other side along the Xdge of the armpit. 39© Distocation oF SHoutper Jowr The symptom discussed here is habitual shoulder joint dislo- cation. Dislocation is more likely to happen to children since their joints and muscles are not fully developed. Dislocation tends fo be habitual. Kinesio taping is used for rehabilitation and prevention. The symptom is a shifted/dislo- cated shoulder joint which dis- ables and makes arm move- ments painful. in habitual cases, It may be possible to relocate It yourself, but it may be a nega- tive factor when wanting to par- ticipate in sports, etc. Romane) Taping should support shoulder | and front upper arm muscle i since most of the dislocations are toward the front. For sports, i taping may be a preventive measure for habitual clislocation, ecoeucie| ‘@ Stretch the arm with palm side up. Place the base of the tape below elbow joint. A ® Completion of taping wraps ‘around the upper front arm muscle. (Tape required) @ Y-shaped tape: One 12” (length) with 2” base. @ Extend the inner side of tape toward front of the upper part of shoulder, It will be easier to place tape If carmisslightly opened. © Extend the outer tape to top of the shoulder. The base of the tape. should pass the elbow joint. This is because the mus- cle connects two joints and without taping over the joint, taping will not be effective to help muscle movement. 41]© Srirriess From Excessive Movement Many people who overuse their arm/hand (e.g. computer us ers) may suffer from chronic shoulder stiffness. Shoulder stiff ness is caused by muscle fatigue as well as by compresse: nerves and blood vessels, == Typical stiff shoulder symptoms include dull- ness, discomfort, and duil pain from the arm to the shoulder and around the shoulder blade. This tends to be achronic symptom. Point of Taping Taping should help the chest muscle to move the arm. Ab- dominal taping will help correct posture.(Tape required) @ Y-shaped tape: One 6" (length) with 1*~ 2" base. @ [shaped tape: Two 12” (length) @ Sit down with arm slightly back- ward, then place base of Y-tape at tip of the shoulder. @ Extend upper side of tape slightly under the collar bone. @ Extend lower tape from arm pit toward center of the chest. @ Completion of the chest taping. 43be © Place one end of Hape at the side of center line slightly higher than the base of the sternum. ‘@ Completion. 44 Raise both arm to stretch the stomach, then ex tend the tape downward. @ Place the other tape ir the same man- ner. The two fapes are para lel fo each other on both sides of the navel. Strong massage will affect adversely. Gently rubbing shoul- ders with palms or massage with rubbing oil/collagen is recommended.a@© Dutivess/Paiw in Upper Arm Duliness in the arm joint and arm pit radiates up the arm. Circulation problems and compressed nerves from overuse will cause congestion of the lymph fluid. Often symptoms appear on backside of the upper arm. Arm feels weak with dullness in the back of the upper arm. As it progresses, the dullness {pain will radiate to shoulders, back, and fingers through the fore- arm. Point of Taping Apply one tape from Mi the elbow to upper arm and shoulder. Itis effec- i tive for sports injuries, and enhances the muscle, nerve, and blood vessels, (Effects of Taping)‘@ Raise the arm horizontally and bend elbow. Place the base of the tape slightly below the elbow. ‘Bring the armin front of the body. itwill be easier to tape by holding the arm with the other hand. Ex- tend the upper side of V-shaped jape toward the pack of the neck line, along the amand shoulder. @ Extend the lower Y-shaped tape along the bottom of the shoulder 7 blade slightly below the arm pit. © Completion. (Tape required) @ Y-shaped tape: 16"-20" (length) with "~ 8" base, *Adjust the lengtn according to the length from the elbow to the neckline. @ Extend the tape toward the arm pit while tilting the head to the other side, Avoid placing the tape right under the arm pit since it may hurt tender skin when removing it. For longer tape, remove the backing gradually while taping since it may tangle. 472 UAT Inability to bend/stretch the elbow accompanied with pain. Common causes are abuse of the arm (e.g. lifting heavy objects, excessive office work.) Also, sports such as golfing, tennis, baseball may cause temporary difficulty. Pain is severe at the in- ner elbow, especially when the muscle Is stretched. Duliness and numbness associated with overuse may dimin- ish normally with time, Point of Taping Taping covers the whole Inner arm. This taping Is for pain in the forearm, and corrects the muscle problem around the elbow, (Effects of Taping)(Tape required) laping Methed) ® Y-shaped tape: 12”~ 16" (length) cut to one-half the length. “Adjust the tape according to the indi- vidual length from the wrist to the arm joint. @ Place the base of the tape at the wrist while ex- tending the arm with the palm side up. @ With arm slightly backward to stretch the muscle, extend the tape to the elbow. . @ Extend one side of the tape toward the fop of the shoulder. Secure the tape at the wrist since this area is easy to peel off. 493 FAO (1) Inner Elbow Pain (Golfers Elbow) ot This symptom is observed among golfers. The impact to the elbow, such as striking at the air/ground, occurs while Playing golf or tennis. This pain occurs from [ sports impact and other yp arm movements such as / squeezing or twisting. Taping will correct the inner muscle which con- trols arm bending. Taping is also effective to reduce i inflammation at the el- bow/forearm. ¢ eee eace)(Tape required) (Taping Ui ters)} @ Y-shaped tape: 6” ~ 8” length) with 2” base @ |-shaped tape: 4” (length) with palm side up. Bend the hand backward fo stretch the wrist muscle and extend one side of the Y-tape pass- ing the inner elbow joint. | @ Place the tape at inner wrist while extending the arm | 1 @ Extend the other side of the Y-tape to the projection of the side elbow. ———— ® Completion of the forearm taping wraps around the inner arm muscle. Slightly pull the Hape for spiral application. Outward tension at the inner elbow is applied. @ Place I-tape at the upper part of the inner e+ bow joint and extend downward fo form ai spiraleg a ae ENTE (2) Outer Elbow Pain CTennis Elbow) This is commonly called “tennis elbow” since this symptom is observe among many tennis players. Tennis elbow appears on both sides of th elbow but commonly affects the outer elbow. Inflammation occurs whe, the impact of the tennis ball to the forehand is transmitted to the wris and the elbow. Also, this symptom is commonly seen among people wit excessive use of their arms, SMinees { This kind of pain ap- pears at the elbowjoint. Pain radiates to fore- arm and wrist when force is applied to the elbow (é.g. carrying an } heavy object, support body with one-hand.) Taping is for the muscle used to stretch the arm, This taping willbe a pre- ventive measure to re- duce the force applied to the elbow. (Effects of Taping)(Tape required) @ Y-shaped tape: 6"-8" (length) with 2" base. @ [shaped tape: 4” (length) @ Place the base of the Y-tape at the outside of the wrist while stretching the arm with palm side down. @ Extend the other side to- ward the outer elbow joint with a curve while rotating the arm inward. 0 Place the I- shaped tape at jhe projection of the outer el- bow joint. © Extend the other side of the tape to the Inner elbow joint in the same manner. The completion of the Y-shaped fape wraps around the outer forearm muscle. Place the tape firmly at the elbow joint since tape peels off easily with movement. © Extend the tape toward the Inside to form a spiral. 53The common cause of wrist pain is overuse. This is seen especially among people who repetitively cary heavy ob- Jects, such as a chef, waitress, delivery person, or people who use the wrist as a fulcrum for finger movements, such as computer users. | | i Pain occurs when closing hands tightly. | Pain occurs when the open joint caused by use of the wrist tries to restore the condition. Normally itis not bothersorne when the wrist is not in use. oacene Taping is to repasition the open wrist joint by tightening the wrist from the back side tothe Innerside. Also, taping will improve congested lymph flow at the wrist. | 54 | (Effects of Taping](Tape required) @ shaped tape: Circumference of the wrist Stretch the arm with palm side down, and bend the hand down to stretch the wrist muscle, Place the center of the 5] tape at the wrlst while slightly pulling the | tape sideways. @ Tum the arm around and stretch the palm side muscle, Extend the tape adund the wrist while pulling the tape slightly. }® Both ends meet at the wrist. Completion. Slightly pull both ends of the tape to close the joint together. However, if the tape is too tight, it is not good for the wrist. 55When a finger tip hits an object with force, the finger joint or ligament may be injured. If it is untreated, the finger may be permanently damaged, however, damage will be worsened if the finger is pulled attempting to straighten it. Symp |t could be a broken bone, ligament damage, strain fracture, dislocation, or sprain. X-ray for a possible fracture. Even aminor case of sprain should not be ig- nored since it may leave permanent damage. etals ping This method is known as “sprained fin- ger taping” among sports athletes. Once you are accustomed fo this tap- Ing, it will be useful. 56 (Effects of Taping)ee 4 “ (Tape required) (Taping Method) : @ [shaped tape: Two 1/2” (width) x 1"~ 2" / (ength) | «sprained index finger. @ Yshapedtape: 1” (width) x 12"- 16" (ad- just to the finger length) with 1" cut. @ Place I-tape on the side of the finger. @ Place the other tape on fhe opposite side of @ Extend the finger, and place V-tape (cul side) to wrap around the finger tip. @ Secure the end of the tape at the palm side of the finger. Pulling or shaking the finger is not recommended since it may cause adverse effects. If it is swollen, taping should be done after applying an ice pack to reduce swelling. i 2 < © Bend the wrist down, and extend the tape from the back of hand to the elbow. 57PAIN AT THE BASE OF THE THUMB (Tenosynovitis/Tenpiwitis) Tendinitis is the inflammation of the tendon sheath which is commonly caused from overuse of the fingers as well as rheumatism, or infection. Numbness/pain from the wrist to the finger is experienced while using the fin- gers. It is most painful at the Inner wrist when the thumb is moved. Also, mov- ing fingers may become difficult. Petceacone Avoid overuse of hand/fingers. This taping will protect the tendon and the wrist, faeeesac ie) 58(Tape required) @ [shaped tape: 1” (width) x 12"~16" (length) @ Xshaped tape: 4” (length) | @ Piace |-tape on the second joint of the thumb while the thumb is extended. @ Extend the tape toward elbow while bending the wrist down. © Completion. Y Nw = @ Place the center of the X-tape at the wrist (base of the thumb). Xtape is effective for expanding the wrist joint and improving blood circulation as well as the supporting muscle. Pull the tape slightly while applying the tape. ® Extend both sides of the tape while opening the cut in tape. 59@©® Lune on THE Wrist (Gancuiow) A lump on the back of the wrist is called ganglion. It Is most common among golfers, who use their hands excessively, This is a dime size be- nign lump on the back of the hand (tendon sheath) which is filled with jelly like substance and gradually grows bigger. Normally there is no pain and it will di- minish by popping out Or removal of the sub- stance, Taping is applied from the wrist to the forearm. Tapes on the wrist (ring tape) wrap around the wrist from the back. (eeencac tel neat 5@ Extend the other side of the tape along ‘the Inside of the arm. Completion will wrap around the upper side of the fore- arm muscle. (Tape required) @ Y-shaped tape: 12” x 16” length) with 4” base, @ |-shaped tape: 4” ~ 6” (length) @ Place the base of Y-tape on the back of the hand while stretching the arm and bending the palm side down to stretch the back of the hand @ Extend the tape to the elbow along the outside of the arm. @ Place and wiap I-ape on the wrist starting from smal finger side while pulling the tape slightly. Keep a small opening between the ends of the ring tape. 61Saag Dullness, heaviness, numbness, paraly- sis, and swelling are common symptoms. In severe cases, defective blood circu- lation to hands, cyanosis from nerve paralysis, cold hands, or muscle shrink- age will be observed. Point of Taping Taping will be applied to finger ten- dons, wrist joints, and the front part of 62 Carpal tunnel syndrome is commonly observed among computer users who constantly use their fingers. forearm muscle. X-tape is long enoug| to reach the painful area (i.e, base c the thumb, small finger, and ring finger. It will improve the lymph flow. (Effects of Taping)(Tape required) @ Xshaped tape: 12” ~ 16” (length) with 4" base. @ |-shaped tape: 4” (length) | @ Place the base of X-tape at the wrist while extend- ing the arm with palm side up. Extend one side of the tape fo the base of the thumb and the other to the base of the smalll finger. ee xtend one of the remaining X-tapes to the center of the inner elbow joint and the other side along the inside of the arm. | ae a —— @Wrap -tape around the wrist starting from the thumb side to the little finger. Slightly pull the ltape during application. This taping may be necessary for an extensive peri- od of time for complete recovery. 63UNABLE TO STRETCH FINGERS eeu ane) Difficulty in stretching a finger is called trigger finger or spring finger which is caused by an abnormality in the tendon. If you try to move, if will stretch with an uncontrollable spasm, Seca Pain is not very severe, however, If the symptom progresses, the finger may be latched in the bent position. Sc cote eae coal Taping will help to ease the finger move- ment, Fully bend down the wrist to stretch the muscle while taping. At completion, you may feel tension at the applied area, 64(Tape required) © Y-shaped tape: 12" ~ 16" (length) with 1"~2" cut. (Adjust width to the individual finger.) || © Wrap the cut side of the tape around the fip of the affected finger. @ View from the other side. @ Extend the tape to the elbow while wrist and fingers are bent down. ® Completion. ke 65Dullness of arms and weakness of finger grip is caused by fati in the shoulder/arm/hand muscle, poor blood circulation, or c¢ pressed nerves, Sa Inability to hold an object tightly, sensation of loss of grip, and dull- ness/numbness from the wrist to the arm are possible symptoms. Point of Taping Figures (1) ~ (4) show the taping to support the nerves which con- trol the upper arm movement and the back ligaments, Figures (6) ~ (8) show the taping to reduce muscle tension which compresses blood cir- culation to the arm, (Effects of Taping)(Tape required) © Yshaped tape: 4" ~ 6" length) with 1"~2" base, . @ Y-shaped tape: 32”~ 40" (length) with 12" cut. . @ Extend the tape along the arm and elbow while Z helding the crm horzontally in front of the chest. | pplace the base of the longer tape to the back of the wrist while ex- fending the arm. © Extend the tape fo the under arm. Place the upper tape along the upper side of the shoulder blade, = 0 Place the lower tape downward, 67© Place the Inner tap foward the center of h chest while the should is pulled back. @ Place the base of the shorter @ Place like. # tape at the edge of the collarbone. and keep open. Apply the longer tape by remov- ing the backing of the tape gradually. @Compietion. i 68Without obvious reasons such as a fractured bone, pain occu around the back and rib area. Spinal sensitivity and a tight by May cause this pain. Here, how to apply tapes against pain discussed rather than the one from intercostal neuralgia (ref to the page 82.) Constant pain suggests a crack or This taping will reduce pressure to the fracture of bone which is noticed by rib cage nerve. Place the tape down a sharp pain while pushing or stretch- ward to expand ribs. ing the body, Other pain comes from ligaments injured at the side of the stomach/between ribs which hurt when coughing, bearing down, or straining yourself and may require an X-ray. 70(Tape required) ficoyodials| Method) @ |-shaped tape: 4” (length) @ Place one end of the tape slightly above the affected area while holding the arm up to sttetch the side muscle, ‘@ Extend downward while slightly pulling the tape, Prolonged taping may cause irritation since the abdominal skin is tender and sensitive. Repetitive overnight taping is recommended. 71Same as stiff shoulder and arm pain, common causes of the pair/stitfness/tension around the shoulder blade are blood/ lymph congestion or compressed nerves. Therefore, in the same manner as stiff shoulder, taping and ice pack are the effective treatments. It is painful to raise or rotate the arm which requires shoulder movement. Keeping the same posiure for long hours will generate duliness/stiffness. Se- vere cases may lead to neck pain and head- ache. 1g Tape is applied from shoulder/arm joint fo shoulder blade. Taping will help move muscle around shoulder and improve the blood/ lymph circulation.| : ' ' | @ Extend the tape along the edge of the under arm while holding the arm up to stretch the under arm muscle. (Tape required) @ I-shaped tape: 8” ~12” (length) Nv @ Place one end of tape 4 tight below the shoulder tip gy | while sitting down. ® When arm is down, the tape will be wrinkly ofter completion. Fully raise the. arm to stretch the muscle around the shoul der blade. Avoid taping on the arm pit. 73GTHEN Dorsat (Back) Muscie Lack of exercise is the common cause of muscle ache among middle age people. Disorders such as an arched back, splanchnoptosis are attributed to a weakened dorsal muscle. Chest muscles can be easily built up while the dorsal muscle needs intentional training. Weakened = dorsal muscle unable to sup- port spine sufficiently re- sults in an arched back or bad posture. A healthy dorsal muscle may prevent upper/ lower backache. Taping on both sides of the spine will correct posture (spine and muscle.) Bend the up- per body fully foreword while taping. (Effects of Taping)(Tape required) @ \-shaped tape: 32” (adjust the tape to individual back length) with 2" ~ 4" bose. @ Place the base of the tape slightly above the tall bone while standing and bending the upper body foreword. K ‘ @ Extend a tape along the spine. Place the other tape parallel to the first one. Remove backing gradually to avoid fangling. Tape should be placed on the muscle adjacent to spine by a finger exam. | ® Tape should be wrinkled at the | completion. 75Shortness of breath/paipitations may be caused by a physica} disorder as well as by mental stress. If these symptoms ap- pear without obvious abnormality, this could be from tension between the ribs and abdomen. Overweight and stress will also trigger these symptoms. Palpitations are commonly experi- pushed up, it may compress the hear enced during an increased pulse rate. However, some people may experience e palpitations without changing pulse rate. (leicareum ellie) Shortness of breath is the feeling of sti- fling or pressure on chest, not from breathing difficulty. Peeacene) This Is to correct diaphragm location. If the diaphragm which has been 78(Tape required) @ |-shaped tape: 12” (length) @ Stand up straight and hold arms up to stretch the abdominal muscle. Place the center of the tape slightly under the base of the stomach while inhaling lightly. @ Extend the tape to both sides. Do not pull the tape while apply- ing since the abdominal skin is tender and sensitive and likely to have irritation. Continue taping for two or three days for satisfac- tory results @ Tape will cross the abdomen at completion. 79| | | i Gasping for air, or a sudden bout of breathlessness, are the symptoms of an asthma attack. People with allergy problems are likely to suffer from asthma. Most cases are seen among children, but some are started after reaching adulthood. Sane Shoriness of breath is accompanied by wheezing, rapid breathing or coughing up phlegm. Asthma attacks suddenly, especially after midnight. Lettaecolel cletlire} Asthma attacks tighten the chest muscle (pectoralis major) and dia- phragm, which will worsen the attack and lead to a more vicious cycle. Tap- ing discussed here Is to correct the weakened chest muscle and dia- phragm, 80(Tape required) shaped tape: 6"-8" (length) with 1"~2" base. @ | shaped tape: 8° ~ 12” length) @ Apply taping on the painful side Place the base of the Y-tape slightly un- der the shoulder tip and extend the up- per tape under the collarbone. Extend the lower tape toward the center of the chest ('efer fo page 43 for details.) @ Place the center of -tape at the center of the back (height at base of the stomach.) Re- move the backing of the tape gradually while applying the tape. © Bend down and hold the body with both arms to stretch the back and dia- phragm. Extend the tape horizontally. Try the chest taping first to see if the attack diminishes. If it does not stop the attack, add the back taping (diaphragm taping.) ®@ Completion, 813) Vas CUS PSTN The symptom is characterized by an acute pain along either side of the ribs which is controlled by the intercostal nerves. The cause is unknown. However, it may heal naturally within a few weeks. Prolonged symptoms may suggest some other illnesses. Acute pain triggered by deep breathing, coughing, or shouting. The pain can be spot- ted by finger examina- tion on one side of the rib cage. If the cause is virus, blisters may be observed along the painful area. Inaclalleleliate} Place tape over af- fected rib area. The painful spot can be lo- cated by the fingers while stretching the body. Place the tape obliquely but not horl- zontally, (Effects of Taping)(Tape required) @ |-shaped tape: 8" ~ 12” (length) 0 Bend the body toward opposite ide of affected area while standing yporsitting down. Examine the pain- fularea, and place one end of tape atthe back bone to apply tape along the affected ribs. @ Extend tape along the affected ribs. Fully bend the upper body while taping. Do not pull the tape while applying it since the abdominal area is sensitive and likely to have irritation. © Completion.@ Pav FRom Broven/Cracveo Ris It is easy to break/crack ribs, and some cracks are not obvious, Injury may occur by a bruise or during sports activities. Kinesio taping is effective for rehabilitation of these injuries. - | 3 me : | | i In severe cases, even coughing and sneezing will be difficult. In minor cases, it is less painful, but some discomfort is felt during a finger exam. | | UAE essere) Broken bones cannot be treated by taping. Use taping for rehabilitation after consulting a doctor. itis desirable not to move the affected area, Apply taping along the affected area for fixation and relief from pain. 84(Taping Meth ~ * Left rip injury shown, @ TI the body to the opposite side from ihe affected area to stretch the side of the body, Place shorter tape vertically to the first one. eo : ee The long tape Is held by the two short tapes at completion. (ape required) @ |-shaped tape: 6” ~ 8” (length) @ |-shaped tape: Two 4"(length) © Straighten the upper body and place the longer tape along the affected rib. Extend tape downward, @ Place the remaining tape in the same manner as tape (2), Replace taping frequently since the skin in this area is sensitive. Even after the pain diminishes, avoid excessive movement or lifting heavy objects while wearing tape. 85Kinesio taping Is also effective for mi- nor bruises. An external impact such as falling down will cause bleeding beneath the skin from damaged muscles and _ injured blood vessels, Kinesio taping will eliminate the in- flammation caused by damaged muscles or bleeding beneath the skin to accelerate recovery, (Tape required) (laping Method) © Jape should be adjusted to cover * Example: Bruise on the side of knee. the brulse. @ Check the size of affected area and cut the tape big enough to cover It, | | | : | | @ Apply tape over the af fected area, Do not place i | i the tape tightly. © Completion, Avoid taping over a wound or a cut. Replace tape everyday until bruise diminishes. If there is muscle pain, continue wearing the tape. 86eee©» @ Discomrorr/Pain on tHe Sine Tension or discomfort from the base of the stomach to the side is caused from pressure on the ribs from the abdomen, obesity, lack of exercise, or tight clothes. It is commonly seen among people with high blood pressure. Constant feeling of dullness on the side and discomfort will persist with a feeling-of bloat- ing even, though pain may not exist. Lack of appetite and dullness/ weakness of the body also are present, Point of Taping Centered at the side, this taping is from the shoulder to the chest as though bringing up the whole abdomen from the side, (Effects of Taping)(Tape required) | Gear) Method) @ |-shaped tape: 12" (length) 9 While standing, tilt the upper body to the opposite side to stretch the painful yde muscle, Place one end of tape on back bone (height of the lower rib cage.) @ Extend the fape to the center of the chest along the side while tilting the upper body. When skin is dry, use lotion to remove tapes from tender and sensitive abdominal skin. <—TS © Tape should form a U-shape at completion. 89@© Mevstrvat Ceames Menstrual cramps are experienced mostly by teens. The pain starts a few days before the menstrual period and cramps tend to ease off within a day or two. However, some women experience cramps after the period. Pain varies, but some severe cases interfere with daily life. Before/after the period starts, discomfort, dullness, and pain are experienced. In severe cases, menstrual complications such as heavy cramps, nausea, lower back pain, and head- ache will be present, Point of Taping There are many causes such as pressure to the womb from deformity of the pelvis, dislocation of the womb, and nervous tension. This taping will reduce the stress from menstrual period,(Tape required) @ |-shaped tape: One 8” (length) shaped tape: Two 6" (length) @ Stand up and bend the upper body to stretch back and hips. Place center of longer tape at the dimple of the hip. Extend both sides of tape. ® Place center of the shorter fape at womb (between the navel and pelvic bone). Extend tape to both sides. @ Place the other tape vertically crossing the (2) tape. Front and back taping will be at the same position. Avoid placing tapes on pubic hair. 91@ Low Back Pan (in Muscue) —Pain in getting up and bending the body— This is the most typical/common pain caused by fatigue in the legs and lower back such as pain from excessive walk- ing, exercising after along period of not having exercised, or overuse of legs from standing up for a long time. Movement using the legs/ lower back such as getting up, or bending the body to reach some object will trigger this pain. Minor muscle pain will diminish naturally. Chronic pain among workers who stand up for along time will be worsened gradually. Point of Taping Use tapes to relieve muscle tension from hip to thigh in con- junction with tapes for lower back pain. Leg tape which is long enough to cover hip and thigh, will be effective for fa- tigue In upper leg. (Effects of Toping)5 {Tape required) ierelure ue) @Y-shopediape: 12°~16"Gength) with 4” base. : @ | shaped tape: $2" ~ 40" (length) © Stand up, bend upper body foreword, and place the base @ Extend both sides of tape. keeping them parallel to each other, 1” apart along both sides of the spine while keeping the same position, QTitt the body to the oppo- she side to stretch the side ‘ond lower back, Extend tape graight down along the hip pone to the outside of thigh witha curve. © Straighten the body, and place one end of I-tape above the affected side walst line and side of the spine. Taping for leg may be difficult since it is so long. Place tape slowly and carefully at curve for best result. © Keep the same posttion as (, and extend fape toward the knee. Tape should form an Sshape centered at the hip bone upon completion. 795Low Back PAIN GUT MMR VELO Ce IK) 19) —dull pain in lower back— Some internal organ disorders may cause lower back pain. Ab. normal organs raise abdominal pressure which compresses th back and lower back, resulting in lower back pain. Also, intern organs are pushed down due fo weakened stomach muscle: and will trigger lower back pain. Constant tension, dull pain, and heaviness over the whole back and lower back persist, which Is different from muscle fatigue. Internal organ disorder will cause not only lower back pain but also stiff shoulders and head- aches. Point of Taping This is the taping to correct the position of internal organs. Taping will strengthen the ab- dominal muscle, and help diaphragm func- tion. (Effects of ge@ Ue on back, open legs slightly and tape at the side of navel. @ inastanding position, place the remai back side of the stomach base to boi sides, in- Ing tape horizontally on the back. This is the diaphragm tape extending from the th (Tape required) @ |-shaped tape: One 8” (length) @ shaped tape: Two 12” (length) @ Lie on the back and inhale lightly to stretch the abdominal muscle. Place -tape (12") at inner thigh between navel and pelvic bone @ While laying down, cross the affected leg over the other one (side of hip will be at the top.) Extend tape upward to back along the: side. @ Extend tape to inner hip joint. Since the lower abdomen is especially sensitive, extra cau- tion is required for placing and removing tapes. 97@ AGG eA unnea elk ule) —pain from long hours of standing up or sitting down— This pain is from a disorder in the pelvis which is seen among women. Compared to men, women have more pelvis/hip joint disorders. Tight clothes compress the pelvis and discomfort lasts almost all day. Pain increases for those who sit down during the majority of their work day. Recut an Comfortable clothes and Kinesio taping will ease pain. (Effects of Taping)Extend the upper fape fo the side of the hip bone. Completion. (Tape required) @ shaped tape: 12" (length) @¥-shaped tape: 12”(lengih) with 2” base. @ Stand up, bend fore- word to stretch lower back muscle, and place center of tape slightly beneath the hip bone (slightly above the tail bone.) Extend tape to both sides. B= @ Le on the side and cross the affected leg over the other one, Place base of tape at the outer thigh. © Extend lower tape foward fall bone throug} the bottom of buttock with a.curve. Apply Y-ape on the affected side. If the pain is all over the lower back, apply on both sides. 99© @ Hernia oF an InrerverrieRac Disk Bone marrow which projects from the cartilaginous tissue of the intervertibrae disk, will compress the spinal nerves. As a result, lower back pain and leg pain will occur. Men in their 20’s~30's are the most likely victims. Lower back pain and leg numbness are the major symp- toms, Straining during cough- ing, sneezing, and bowel movement will trigger the pain extending from the hip, down, the back of the thigh and calf, to the toe. Weakened leg muscles or shakiness, prone to stumbling may be observed. Point of Taping This is called “Star Taping” which will help correct disor , ders in sacral and lumber ver- tebrae, affecting many ath- letes. ' 100(lape required) © |-shaped tape: Three 12” (enath) © While standing, bend the upper body foreword. Place tape at the center of affected area verticalto ihe spine. @ Place next tape from the center to the side at a di- agonal to the first fape, © Place the remaining tape in an op- posite direction to the second tape. @ Completion. Tapes should be wrinkled ot the completion. For athletes, slightly pull the tapes when applying. 101Sciatica, pain from a compressed sciatic nerve, can radiate from the buttocks down the back of the leg to the knee, even as far as the big toe. Hernia of an intervertibrae could be one of the causes. Often the hip pain is far more severe on one side than the other. Pain, numbness and loss of feeling, radiate from the buttocks down the back of the leg to the knee, even as far as the big toe. Coughing and sneezing will worsen the pain, Patients tend to bend the body side ways since this position may ease the pain. Point of Taping Place a narrow tape along the sciatic nerve. Taping is used accord- ingly since location of the sciatica varies, (Effects of Taping)(Taping Method) toe. @ Extend tape from but- tock to the waist. * This taping is for sciatica from hip to the length according fo the symptom (Tape required) @ |-shaped tape: 1” (width) x adjusted and Individual. © Lie on side with affected leg on top Place one end of tape at the foot arch. 4 2 @ Extend tape to the back of the knee. =| ® Stretch the leg foreword, and extend tape from back of the knee to the buttock. Remove backing gradually for this is a long and narrow tape. Above shown is the taping for lower body. For pain down to the knee, start from the back of the knee. 103Sharp pain attacks the lower back with heavy lifting or twisting the lower back. For a few days, avoid exerting, massaging, and pounding yourself. Sudden back snap result- ing in an Inability to walk or stand, accompanied with numbnessin feet. Reoccur- rence may lead to chronic lower back pain. Extra caution is required for those who have suffered from a strained back. betta ereladlel liale) This taping is in conjunc- tion with “Lower Back pain in Muscle (page 94)" and “Hernla of an Intervartiorae Disk (page 100).” Refer to i these pages for taping i methods. (Eects of Taping)aSuddenly a leg muscle seizes up and grips in pain during swim- ming, exercise, or even sleeping. Normally, muscle fatigue from excessive exercise or a long walk can trigger these symptoms, Frequent occurrence may suggest diabetes or other illnesses. Sudden shrinkage and hard- ening of thigh/calf muscles will trigger severe pain and spasm. Avoid applying force to the af- fected area and pull up toes to stretch muscles in order to ease cramps. Point of Taping Apply tapes to calf muscle and Achilles’ tendon. Taping { will correct the shrinkage of the \ muscle and prevent reoccur-, | rence, (Effects of Taping) 106‘4 {Tape required) a{ (Taping Method) shaped tape: 8"(length). @Y-shaped tape: 16” length) with 4” base. @ Lie on stomach, bend knee; and extend ankle. Place one side of tape at heel while pointing the toe down to stretch the Achil- les’ tendon. @ Stretch the leg and extend the tape along Achilles’ tendon. (Completion of taping for Achilles’ tendon.) @ As you lie down on your stomach, bend knee and place the base of Y-tape at the heel over the first tape. | as 1 Put the leg down and bend toe down to stretch the calf muscle. Extend the inner Y- tape from Achilles’ tendon fo behind the knee along the inner side of the calf. © Extend the other side along the outer calf muscle. Tape wraps around calf at completion. Fully stretch the Achilles’ tendon during taping. 107 OFT| Fiber/tissue due to an unbalanced muscle or sudden muscle shrinkage may cause a torn muscle. It occurs at the calf or back of the thigh, especially when participating in sports. Refrain from intense activity after symptoms subside. Severe pain and weakness can be felt at the area where the muscle is forn, i There are bumps, dents, or bleeding in the damaged area of the muscle. it will heal naturally within a few weeks, ut difficulties in moving the muscle might remain. Reinforced taping for a “Charley Horse (page 106).” Apply double taping at calf to. support the injured muscle fi- ber. Also, use taping for tight- ening the muscle to prevent injuries from getting worse. (Effects of Taping) 108Cx @ Lay on stomach and bend knee to raise the foot up. Place base of Y-tape (12") to the heel while flexing the muscle of the toe fo fully stretch the Achilles’ tendon. © Place center of -ape to the bose of (6) tape and extend both sides. (Ring tape) "Ring Tape” s wrap around the calf for a better result. (Tape required) @Y-shaped tape: Two 12” (length) with 4" base Y-shaped tape: One 6" (length) with 1” base @ shaped tape: One 6" (length) @ Extend tape to both sidesto wrap around calf while stretching the Achilles’ tendon. © Place other Y-tape (12") on top of the first tape in the same manner as (1) @ Extend tape to both sides slightly inwards from the first tape. © Place bose of shorter Y-tape at the middle of calf, and ex- tend both side to wrap around calf to the back of the knee. hould be slightly pulled to 109People who lack daily exercise are likely to have muscle aches in the lower body after long hours of walking. Pay serious attention to muscle aches in the calf or sole as well as pain in the lower body for other possible disorders. This taping is highly recom- : mended for golfers. 7 Symptoms Typical symptoms are dull- ness/tension/dull pain in the buttock. Walking with bad pos- ture and improper foot wear can result in fatigue of lower body. Minor muscle fatigue will go away naturally, but if there are other disorders in legs or hips, they may worsen. i ix Use this taping for lower back pain, thigh, and hip joint in conjunction with other tap- ing. \ This taping is recommended for people especially with knee problems as an effec- tive and preventive measure before walking or sports ac- tivities. cee (Effects of Toping) 110| | | } | | | | (Tape required) UT Ue) ett @ |-shoped tape: 12” (length) @ Extend the upper tape to side of hip bone. Completion. @\-shapedtape: 12” length) with 2” base. @ Stand up, bend fore- word to stretch lower back muscle, and place center of Hape slightly below the hip bone (lightly above the. tall bone.) Extend A tape to both sides, je and cross the affected leg over tne other one. Place base of V-tape at the outer thigh. © Extend lower tape toward tail bone through the bottom of buttock with a curve, Apply Y4tape on the affected side. If the pain is all over the lower back, apply on both sides. 111© Unusue to Watt due to Pain Pee i Most cases are inflammation at the hip joint from an unknown : | : cause. Sometimes bacteria or a congenital deformation attribute to the ailment. In severe cases, necrosis of the head of the femur Is observed. Excessive sports/exercise may cause these symptoms. Pain at the hip joint provides difficulty in walking, bending of hip. joint, and opening of legs. Sometimes, Just standing still is painful. Point of Taping Taping will control the muscle which Is used for bending the hip or moving the hip joint. Most inflammation will be seen on one side of the hip joint. eeeceac ney(ape required) © Y-shaped tape: Two 8” ~ 12" (length) © Place base of tape at the side of hip joint while standing up. @ Extend the front of Y-tape toward base of hipbone, and back tape toward but- tock with slight opening © Place base of re- maining tape at the front of the hip joint. Base will be on the top of the first tape. Sometimes this symptom is misunder- stood as sciatic pain, but they are completely different. Severe inflam- mation may cause deformity of the joint, and need a surgical operation. _ ff IF taping does not eliminate pain, | tom of hip, and upper tape to- other causes should be suspected. ward fail bone, a z ® Extend lower tape to the bot-5 NETL csss 0 Many middle and old age people suffer from chronic knee pain which is mostly caused by knee osteoarthritis from aging. Deformed knee joints will result in bowlegs, espe- @ cially among people with obesity. In severe cases, fluid will i i stay in the knee joint. ci Symptoms Walking, bending, and going up/down For liquid at the knee Joint, apply tape: steps will be painful due to aswollen knee around the cap. joint. Many people damage their knees during sports/exercise. This is possibly a (Effects of Taping) ligament injury. lot Sate, eae Apply tape at front and back of thigh muscle, which moves the knee joint, this helps fo reduce the weight on the knee. 114@ Sit down with leg stretched, Place the base of first Y-tape at the front of the thigh. | | | | i | I | | | | sci | @ le onside, put the affected leg on the | top. Place base of the second Y-tape at | the back of the thigh, extend to the knee, | and extend both sides in spiral shapes. ‘© Exiend the other ape in ihe same manner, (Taping Method) (Tape required) @ Y-shaped tape (for front thigh): 16” (length) with 6” cut, @ V-shaped tape (for back of thigh): 16" (length) with 8” cut, @ Y-shaped tape (for semi-lunar car tridge): 8” (length) with 4” cut. U @ Sit down for semi-lunar cartridge tape application. Place base of third Y-tape slightly below the knee, and extend one side around the knee cap. For best results of knee taping, bend the knee as much as possible. At completion, the fope should be wrinkled 115@ Srran (1) Outward Sprain Asprain is the tearing or stretching of ligaments that hold together bone that ends in a joint, and is caused by an excessive sudden pull. The fibrous capsule that encloses the joint may also be dam- aged, which is the most common injury to an ankle or knee. The symptom is similar to a dislocation, and early treatment is re- quired. Pe Most ankle sprains are an outward strain which occurs when the ankle is twisted out- ward, A sprain causes pain- ful swelling of the joint and under tissue bleeding. Differ- ent from dislocation, the Joint will not be deformed. Con- i sult a doctor in severe cases such as torn ligaments, bro- | ken bone, or a cracked ( bone. Point of Taping Taping is used to protect the injured ligament as well as supporting the muscle from the ankle to shin. latarreieelelue)}| Lie on side and point toe. Place one end [of 16” tape at foot and extend below the |ines. (Tape required) @ -shaped tape: Two 16" (length) @|-shaped tape: One 12° (length) @ |-shaped tape: One 6” (length) '@ Place center of 6" tape at the front of the foot joint while pointing the toe, Ex- itend both sides of tape toward heel. |@ Place center of 12” tape on the foot arch land extend both sides of tape to lift the arch upward. @ Place another 16" tape at the heel and extend to the outer side of calf. Taping for sprain can be for pre- vention and fixation. All tapes, except the shin tape, should be slightly pulled. 117 OET. 6 Na (2) Inward Sprain at Ankle The most common sprain of the ankle is outward. However, an inward sprain may occur during sports events or from excessive force. ox | Injuries to the liga- ments and muscles are the same as an outward sprain, In- ward sprains occur from unnatural posi- tions, and there may possibly be a broken bone or torn liga- ments. Minor sprains may be treated by Kinesio taping. Point of Taping Taping is for sup- porting the inner calf muscles, Taping wrapped around the foot joint is from inside to outside, feeeaeacan(Tape required) @Y-shaped tape: 16” (length) with 4”base lshaped fape: 12” (length) © |-shaped tape: 6” (length) @ Sit down and stretch leg. Place base of Y-tape at foot arch. S94] @ Extend the other side slightly below the first side, @ Place center of 6" tape on the inner ‘ankle bone and extend both sides to wrap around the ankle. After pain is gone, taping can be used for rehabilitation pur- poses. Light exercise along with taping will speed recovery. © Place center of 12” tape on the foot arch and extend both sides of tape above the ankle. 119Twisted, distended superficial veins (just beneath the skin.) Varicose veins in the legs are the most common. It is also common among people who stand for long periods. Pregnant women with an enlarged uterus and pressures on pelvic veins may also be affected q ! Syaateelu | Pain at swollen/wind- ing veins, and dullness from poor blood circula- tion, cramping during sleep are the common symptoms. If untreated, pooling of blood in the superficial veins will cause pigmentation. Poi I Taping will open the i vein to clear pooling of i blood, and help leg i muscles pump upward, acai (Effects of Taping)(Tape required) @Y-shaped tape: 16” (length) with 2" base. @Y-shaped tape: 6" (length) with 2” base. Et | @ Lie on stomach and extend the toe, Place base of 16” tape at the heel. I @ Extend both sides of fape to wrap around the cal. © © Place 6” tape to wrap the congested area, Apply tape on muscle around congested area. Adjust the length of the tape to the size of lump. Avoid pulling the tape. 121C8 gM: cites (aD The worst case is the rupture of the Achilles’ tendon from a violent force (e.g. excessive exercise, falling.) Tearing of tendon fibers without rupture may happen. This taping will be effective for prevention. Rupture of Achilles’ ten- don will result in severe pain. Constant pain of the tendon might occur as the result of an ankle or heel problem. Point of Taping This is called “Taping for Achilles’ tendon.” :Elas- tic tape will support the injured Achilles‘ tendon, (Effects of Taping) Taping Method) Place 12° |-shaped tape straight from heel to calf.Improper foot wear causes cramped toes resulting in toe deformity. Crooked toes can be caused by bunions (1 or muscular imbalances (flat feet - fallen arches.) The big toe furns foward the other toes and lis base projects towards the out- side. Shoes squeeze this projection causing pain and swelling. Some severe cases may require surgical operation. Pecan Taping for hallux valgas will protect the base of the big toe and help correct the deformity. (Effects of Taping)@ Place the base of the tape at outer side of big toe. © Place the base of the remaining Y-tape at base of big toe, Extend the other side of the tape to- id the front of the leg. (Tape required) ® Y-shaped tape: 8"~12" (adjust to the foot tength) with 1” base. Narrow tape is easier to handle. @ Y-shapedtape: 6”-8"(length) with 1"~2" base. @ Extend the upper tape toward heel along the inner side of the foot. Extend the other side parallel to the first one wrapping around base of big toe. 1 @ Extend one side of the Y-tape (closer fo toes) toward small toe crossing base of other toes. Replace the tape as needed. Tapes peel off easily while walking due to friction.Lack of an arch in the foot, resulting in the sole resting flat on the ground. It is commonly seen among children with weak ligaments and muscles of the soles of the feet. Children out- grow flatfeet as they develop the supportive ligaments and muscles. Kinesio taping will support the arch of the sole. Many children’s flatfeet are pain- less. If untreated, after reaching adult age, they tend to have tired feet, and cause pain to the lower back. Therefore, early treatment is (lai terxolalellre)) desirable. Point of Taping Taping for sole and arch support will correct and form the arch. 126(Tape required) @ Fork-shaped tape: 6"~8" (length) with 1"base. @ |-shaped tape: 8” (length) @ Lie on stomach and bend the knee to raise the foot up. Place base of fork- shaped: tape at heel. @ Extend each tape toward toe while bend- ing toes down to stretch the arch muscle. @ Place one side of |-tape at base of small toe. Apply arch tape to pull up through arch. @ Exténd tape toward the inner ankle both sides from the center of the arch. Since tapes at sole tend to peel off, changing tape daily is desirable. 127—, © Swetune oF Foot ano Arutete’s Foor This taping is for people who tend to have tired/sweat- ing/swelling feet from long periods of standing and walking. Also, improves Athlete's foot. See Tiredness and duliness at sole will be felt. Poor circulation from tiredness may cause cold toes and swelling of feet. Heavy sweating of feet will re- sult in athlete’s foot accompanied by itching and odor. (Effects of Taping) Point of Taping Taping is the same as the previous page, “Flat Foot.” 128| Scoliosis usually starts in childhood or adolescence and progressively becomes more marked until the age at which growth stops. It develops as a result of a congenital ab- normality of the vertebrae or some other illnesses. Pos- ture or ligament sprain may causes temporary scliosis. Sao Since there are no subjective symptoms such as pain, findings will be delayed, Back view will show the differ- ence in the height of shoulders, hips, and shoulder blades. in se- vere cases, pressure to the heart, lungs and other organs will cause other disorders. Taping is to correct the curvature of the spine. Apply tapes In front and back to balance the body. Also apply cor- tection tapes (fo space bones) at proper loca- tion along center of the body to adjust ribs and chest bones. (Effects of Taping) J FISD CHE DERE 2 TU ORE CBE. 131132 AUTHOR PROFILE Kenzo Kase, D.C. Dr. Kase, founder and originator of the Kinesio Taping Method, is Presi dent of the Kinesio Taping Association, President of the Natural Chiropractic College, Japan, Director of Kase Chiropractic Clinic, and Director of Japan's Chiropractor’s Society, Affer graduation from Meiji University in Tokyo, with a B.8.,A., he received his Doctor of Chiropractic Degree from the National College of Chiropractic in Chicago, tlinois. To date, he has authored twenty-seven (27) books including Kinesio- Toping with Pictures and llusirations, New Approach for Ulira Sound Wave Therapy, New Application of Cryotherapy, and Muscle Slacking Therapy. Tatsuyuki Hashimoto, Ph.D. Dr. Hashimoto is currently Director of Kinesio Taping Association, Director of Kinesio Intemational Sports Therapy, and Vice-President of the Natural Chiropractic College in Japan. He received his undergraduate degree from the Meiji Acupuncture Univer- sily in Japan, and his Masters and Ph.D. in neurophysiology at the Kitasato University. Tomoki Okane Mr, Okan is the Instructors’ Education Director of the Kinesio Taping As- sociation. Additionally, he is the Curriculum Director of the Ginza National Kinesio Center. Affer receiving his undergraduate degree from the Waseda University in Japan, Mr. Okane continues fo further his studies in the areas of Kinesio taping, chiropractie, acupuncture, and Easter Medicines.