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language…
When you see George Bush on television speaking about his geopolitical
chess game with empty platitudes and strange, circular logic it’s hard not to
tune out. It’s hard to feel like you belong to his strange world of
speechwriters and Neocon thinktanks. Global affairs become a distant
reality—an unfortunate political abstraction for even the most concerned
citizens. A world of General Patraeus’ reports and talk of sides of the aisle.
The attacks and defenses of George Tenet. Hillary Clinton trying to recast
her vote.
What the fuck is going on in the Middle East? Does it have anything to do
with ecstatic Sufism? The Muslim Order of Assassins? Is T.E. Lawrence
involved in some psycho-historical way? What about the Yazidis and their
peacock-god, considered by some Christians and Muslims to be the devil?
The history of antecedents is endless and the whole thing is unbearably
deep.
I grew up in the small town of Little Compton, Rhode Island. That’s about
6500 miles away from Tehran, if you’re counting. This story is about the
space in between—a fascinating collision with the complexities of Middle
Eastern culture. But it begins, of course, on the internet—the chaotic center
for true global communion.
It was July and I had a roommate heading to Budapest for a month and an
extra room in an apartment I rarely inhabit, so I did what any quasi-
respectable unemployed Brooklynite would do: sublet the other bedroom.
Subletting is a great way to supplement a rarely-existent income with some
paying company. And if there is one reliable and unpredictable medium for
bringing “disparate” people together these days it’s Craigslist—a wonderful
community of stalkers, perverts, unemployed web addicts, desperate
money seekers, bored office serfs and general transients.
Craigslist is the place to sublet an apartment. The results are generally a
bit unpredictable, though. My past experiences interviewing potential
roommates have been widely varied. A few personalities come immediately
to mind: the overweight and underemployed eastern European man with
greasy spiked hair and strung out eyes who was enthusiastically pursuing
holistic medicine; the straight looking blonde hair-blue eyes advertising up-
and-comer who rented the room and left behind creepy notes-to-self about
purging dark sexual tendencies and reading more Ben Franklin; a skinny,
pale guy who refused to talk, ate only chicken and peas, and stayed in his
windowless, furniture-less room learning Crowded House songs on a cheap
electric piano. Strange.
This time it was easy. Two mid-twenties females showed up—transplants
from Tempe, Arizona. They were friendly, sane and pleasantly charmed by
the “eccentricities” of our apartment—both the bookshelf turned secret door
and the out-of-commission stove turned roach motel. It was twice as many
roommates as I had expected, but they seemed like a safe bet.
Andrea and Lala. We agreed they would rent the room for a month and
climbed to the roof for a look at the city across the East River. Manhattan’s
skyline radiated through evening smog and it felt like it was about to rain,
as it does in the summer after it has become impossibly hot and humid.
“I’m really happy we’re here,” Andrea said. There was a sort of naïve
poignancy to her unmediated affection for the city.
As we began to talk, it became clear that Lala (an Anglicized nickname
for Golaleh Hassanzedah) had a fascinating narrative lurking beneath her
cautious introduction. It emerged in small fragments through the veil of
polite introductions: She was born in northern Iran. She described her
father as a “Kurdish rebel.” She had escaped Iran years ago and shown up
as a refugee in Arizona—a teenager speaking only Kurdish and Farsi.
Craigslist refuses to disappoint.
Lala and I wandered through Times Square after our meal. With all of the
oversized chain restaurants and oversized tourists, Times Square can make
you believe in some of the generic indictments of consumption and obesity
that are so often used to belittle this vast, strange nation. We walked
through a group of teenagers staring in wonder at the site of MTV’s Total
Request Live while a man tried to sell us discounted tickets to Legally
Blonde the Musical in a hushed voice as if he were actually selling cocaine.
Hearing Lala recount her life and subsequent escape from the Middle East
instilled the same feelings of exhilaration and exhaustion that occur after a
particularly captivating political thriller. More intense, of course, because of
its factuality.
But one thing that continued to intrigue and confuse me was the way in
which she envisioned herself in America. After all of her insights into the
frailties of self-righteous Islamic morality and vivid accounts of witnessing
pre-meditated ethnic murder she always came back to her two great
interests in life: fashion and music. She came to New York hoping to find a
career in one of these fields. As much as I would hope to reserve judgment
on either profession, I can’t help but see the industries surrounding each as
mired in superficiality and affectation. What could seem further from Iran’s
ethnic survivalism than New York’s emaciated fashion culture? Is there an
escapist element in the desire to spend your time away from persecution
doing something fundamentally apolitical? Did Lala not feel some obligation
to address the tumult and oppression of her past?
Before I am condemned for asking these questions, know that I saw the
contradiction and small-mindedness (not to mention hypocrisy and self-
righteousness) of this perspective almost immediately. As we walked east,
away from Times Square’s hyper-consumerism and out from beneath the
afternoon shadow of the MTV studios, I understood something about how
the spheres of life that encompass both Lala and myself had intersected. I
thought about Quincy Jones and, yes, I thought about the King of Pop
himself. Had they ever imagined, while in the studio constructing the
delicate groove to “Billie Jean,” that it would be an aesthetic epiphany
somewhere in a country plagued by assassinations and the impositions of
religious law? That it would implicitly represent a liberated world to a girl
who could only relate through a combination of youth’s imaginative wonder
and some vague Clint Eastwood-induced vision of the West?
Before, when we had walked into the restaurant, the man behind the
counter had noticed Lala—noticed her in a way that men so often notice
women in New York. And I, in turn, noticed him noticing her in a way that
can bring men a new sense understanding when you’re with a woman who
is being noticed. While considering the large part music had played in
Lala’s conception of the West I began to understand, too, that fashion was
an extension of that same dichotomy of restriction and freedom. Perhaps
casual city ogling doesn’t seem like the best way to emphasize a sense of
female liberation but it highlighted the way in which Lala, in a short white
dress and oversized sunglasses, exhibited femininity in a particularly
Western way—without forced modesty or male-imposed discretion.
Of course Lala wants to be involved in fashion. Of course she’s so
interested in music. That’s why she came to New York City. In truth that’s
also why I came here—to be part of a culture not bound by the mystical
code of an ancient text.
Suddenly I thought about Bush (and now Giuliani) talking about “Islamic
Fascism.” Sure, it’s all rhetoric and talking-point distraction, but the
condemnation of repressive cultural forces will always contain kernels of
truth. Of course there is immense beauty to be found in Jerusalem or
Mogadishu or Pyongyang or on 46th street—but you have to be allowed to
look for it, to experience it. It is not an excuse for invasion, corporate
infiltration or “democratization”—but it really is, at least, a reason to love
America.
I remember one day I was getting a haircut. I was probably six, I think.
And across the street we heard this loud gunshot. It was a chai house. We
ran across the street and all I remember was the smell of gunpowder filled
the whole place. And a pool of… I’ve never seen blood like that, a pool of
blood. Almost black. I couldn’t see who it was and immediately my mom
came out and said, “No. Go back inside.” And I was like, “But I want to see.”
It was actually one of my friend’s brothers. He was a rebel and even if
they’re just rebels and they don’t have a big role the government just gets
rid of them. The less there are the better.
When it comes to varied experience, living with the steady presence of
violence is the most drastic way in which the basic circumstances of Lala’s
early life differ from my own. Her father took constant precaution to shield
his children from the conflict and violence that plagued Mahabad during her
childhood, but it was unavoidable. Scenes of public bloodshed were
inescapable and they account for some of her earliest memories.
It is a fascinating disposition somewhere between composed and
desensitized with which Lala recounts these stories: her brother’s friend
gunned down while out walking, her mother shot by a sniper while trying to
provide medical assistance to an injured man, assassins jumping out from
bushes and firing Uzis at young men, families killed for depressingly small
sums of money. The experiences haven’t transformed her into a character
of either perpetually extreme behavior or hermetic trauma. And only after
extended discussion on the Middle East, and perhaps a few drinks, does she
become exasperated by recounting her own past or considering the region’s
present situation and the state of Kurdish life. Even then it is with sadness
and empathy, not vengeance or hatred, for a culture that she reveres but
also sees as plagued by senseless violence and the inescapable weight of
drastic ideology.
On another evening we stumbled past McCarren Park in Brooklyn after
further conversation and a bottle of sake. A playful phrase had emerged and
began to steer our conversations: moral anarchy. I had argumentatively
suggested what many devout and politicized Muslims in the Middle East
might posit: that there is something like “moral anarchy” in America. We
don’t have any real moral foundation. We often do covet wealth. We are
defined by individualism and there is no strict imperative to act toward the
good of the whole. The health of our stock market often seems to take
precedence over the health of our neighbors. I wasn’t suggesting that we
are a nation without morals—just that they aren’t required and, as a result,
they can be at times conspicuously absent.
To counter, Lala told me a story about an Iranian Imam that had been
kidnapping, torturing and killing twelve year old boys, only to mockingly
cook parts of their remains and feed them to his unsuspecting guests.
When he was finally exposed by a young victim who escaped from his cell in
the sadist’s dungeon, the Imam was not executed. Instead, accordingly to
Lala, he was sent off, in a dark twist, to be tortured himself for the rest of
his days. Was this true? An embellished cultural myth?
As with stories of America’s most notorious pedophiliac priests and closet
gay Republicans, there seemed to be some essential hypocrisy that acted as
an essential companion piece to so many of her experiences with religiosity
and self-righteousness. Even if America can seem without the same moral
foundation, she would suggest, the stories of violence, sadism and nihilistic
vengeance from her home are endless. The Middle East, for her, refuses to
be the exemplary moral force that it would hope to be. Her family remain
practicing Sunnis but Lala has parted ways with religious practice.
My mother thinks I’m going to hell.
She said it casually but it struck me as a strange confession. Sad and
confusing. Is this cultural truancy the inevitable result of self-determination
under liberal democracy? Is it the very definition of what the theocratic
governments fear? Is it what becoming an American is all about?
Lala left her home in Mahabad as a teenager under the cover of night.
Without saying goodbye to friends or family, she piled into the back of a
cargo truck and hid beneath a tarp. The truck was one used regularly by her
brothers as part of their job exporting chocolate inside and outside of the
country. Her mother, sister and brothers were all with her. Together they
drove six bumpy, non-stop hours until they reached the next city West on
their way to Iraq. Her uncle had hired men with mules and horses to take
them through the mountains and across the border. Sneaking across the
porous mountain border was not uncommon; Lala had even done it with her
family once before when she was a child. Her mother had been through on
several occasions to visit her family and, more recently, to see her husband.
She told Lala stories of men so poor as a result of the Iraq embargo that
they would pull seeds off of any vegetation they could find and mix them
with flour in an attempt to create edible nourishment. Her mother fed these
men bread as they brought her across snowy mountain passes.
At sunset her family began a long ride through the mountains, attempting
to reach the border before the sun came up. This time it was summer and
there would be no snow. The women rode and her brothers walked. The
roads were narrow and littered with landmines. Only the guides knew where
these landmines were hidden and they told stories of the many who had
met their fate off of the side of the cliffs or at the hands of a landmine.
They paid no mind to the sensitive ears of children. As an eleven year old
girl, the experience was as adventurous as it was frightening for Lala. She
was scared of her mule and her brothers teased her for not knowing how to
ride it.
As they began to get close to the border, her family fell into a caravan of
groups traveling along the route toward the crossing, each separated by a
small distance. While riding along the side of a mountain, someone in the
group around the bend ahead of them lit a cigarette.
All I remember—I had been riding a mundane eight hour ride—is this
flash. A really, really loud flash. Like a car accident almost. Everything just
kind of crashes and for a split second everything’s a blur. Your soul leaves
your body almost. Everything shakes and it’s so loud. You can’t see. You
can’t hear. I couldn’t hear anything. I fell to the ground and my whole body
was… There were rocks and this mountainside and my brother was pulling
me. He was just delirious…
Upon spotting the cigarette, the Iranian border guard began shelling the
mountainside. Lala’s group was not hit but the explosion ahead of them
shook the mountain. Her young mule became frightened and threw her.
The next thing she knew she was being choked as her brother dragged her
off the road by the back of her shirt. The children were not injured, but
Lala’s mother had dislocated her shoulder. Her mule hadn’t bucked, but in
the emotional intensity of the moment she had thrown herself to the ground
—imagining that her children were dying and wanting to be with them.
The attacks went on for some time. They found shelter as the military
continued to shell the area. They were heading for a river on the border,
the shores of which acted as a safety zone. Eventually they reached it and
spent the night sleeping in rocks adjacent to the water. The attacks
continued.
The whole night, it was beautiful, visually. It was almost like lava. But
the funny thing is the horses are used to it. They’re just sitting there. They
just sleep or sit there chewing on their grass or grain. They don’t do
anything. My mom found us huddled with the men—my mom liked to have
men around us to protect us because it was just her and her six kids.
In the morning small pickup trucks came. Her family was loaded in and
brought across to Iraq. The roads there had been well maintained by
Saddam Hussein’s government during the Iran-Iraq war and the ride was
smooth. Because of their age and gender, her teenage brothers were
arrested by Kurdish troops. They were eventually released when her father
found an Iraqi to vouch for them. Her family was reunited.
Lala told the story of her escape on the sixth anniversary of September
11th. We met without anticipating the date’s obvious relevance to our
conversation. She also recounted a story of having been clumsily
questioned by the FBI in Arizona shortly after the attack on the Twin Towers.
She was working as a cocktail waitress and as part of an effort to raise
money for 9/11 she wore a shirt depicting the New York skyline. The smoky
looking shirt was of Midtown—the Chrysler building specifically—at sunset in
the evening haze. It was a commemorative gesture, but to a drunken
patron it appeared more like a depiction of the Twin Towers on fire worn by a
Middle Easterner. The next day the FBI called her work and visited her
apartment after receiving a call about the shirt. Their interest was further
peaked when she told them she was from Iran. The 9/11 hijackers had been
in Arizona attending flight school and the Muslim population there was an
obvious point of interest for investigators. Interestingly, Lala’s brothers had
known who the hijackers were and had seen them passing through the small
Middle Eastern community in Phoenix. She told this to the FBI but,
strangely, they never followed up.
Aside from her visit from the FBI, the time around 9/11 was relatively
calm for Lala. This was not true for her mother, who wears a head cover
and had things thrown at her when she was out on the street. Her parents
also had to avoid the mosque for a short time because of bomb threats.
Belligerent emotion had become a guiding principal for too many. One town
over, in Mesa, an Indian Sikh named Balbir Singh Sodhi was shot outside of
his convenience store four days after the attacks in some strange form of
ignorant, xenophobic vigilante retaliation.
With all of this in mind we headed back to the apartment to meet up with
friends and again take in the view of the Manhattan skyline. This time it
was the immaculate Twin Towers memorial lights that we wanted to see. It is
a truly American memorial; its immense beauty is simultaneous to its
excess. The lights seem to shine straight through the atmosphere and
illuminate space—a ghostly spectacle that amounts to a sort of melancholy
celebration. The cold nights of the approaching fall were creeping in and we
decided to go back inside and listen to records soon after climbing up.
One night my friend Stefan and I were falling asleep in bunk beds in
Northern Montana, having spent the evening indulging in whiskey and
Canadian beer. We began having a speculative conversation about the
dreams of Condaleeza Rice. Does she ever spend time considering the
confounding implications of her unconscious? Does she wake up with
residue of unexpected erotic fantasy in the back of her mind? Is she back in
high school, revisiting the missed opportunities of an awkward adolescence?
Sometimes I get that feeling—that real 60’s kind of feeling that maybe
the world would really be better if she would take some time to just sit on a
roof somewhere, smoke some pot and speculate on the nature of stars or
the concept of time. That a sense of wonder would inspire in her distinct
feelings of empathy and humility.
She would feel overwhelmed, believing suddenly that her greatest
concerns of international diplomacy and its effect on market volatility were
somehow connected to her beautiful and frightening dreams. And that
somewhere Ahmadinejad was napping, imagining that he’d forgotten to
wear his pants to school—waking up embarrassed and nostalgic, longing for
his youth.
At least I know Condi is an accomplished pianist in a chamber orchestra.
There may be some humanity in that, even if it seems cold and aristocratic.
Lenin couldn’t escape the beauty of Beethoven. Hitler loved Wagner. Bill
Clinton reunited Fleetwood Mac. It’s strange, though, I can’t imagine Bush
even listening to music.
Yesterday in Bushwick a teenage boy was shot when he stuck his head
out of his apartment window. He heard gunfire and put his head outside
and someone put a bullet through it. There are only basic truths: we are
born somewhere into the world, created through the bizarre and wonderful
coital moment. We grow from a miniscule shape and emerge from between
the legs of a woman. We are toweled off, cut from the cord and introduced
to a place not of our choosing—a place that to some already resembles hell.
It could be just as easily filled with gunfire as with gated communities. It is
all out there: genital mutilation, species extinction, drug addiction, nuclear
weapons, global warming. War. We dream and lust and talk of righteousness
and know almost nothing about ourselves. When Lala was eleven she was
asked to walk across a mountain range and through two war torn countries.
She was asked to leave everything she knew and go to America. She went.
What good is it to meditate on the other possibilities of life? Free will is
intellectual gamesmanship—whether or not it exists, the conclusions are the
same.
We ate pasta and watched the Planet Earth DVD. A Great White Shark
jumping out of the water in slow motion, a dying seal clenched in its jaws.
Here we are. There is nowhere else.
Benjamin Church
Smith
October 10, 2007