Transmission and Distribution Limited

DAR & GIB DAR Lockout

Stella West 400 kV

Date: 01/11/2010

A B

Protection Trip Protection Trip

DAR Start Open Breaker
Open Breaker DAR Start
TD 10 10s (Trip relay remains operated) Intertrip
10s (Trip relay remains operated)
TD 10
Trip Relay Reset
Dead Time Trip Relay Reset

Dead Time > Remote End

Close Breaker (on DLC)

Fault

Close Breaker on
Second Fault No Fault Check Sync

Lock out local DAR

Open Breaker
Intertrip Receives intertrip
TD 120 70s (Trip relay remains operated)
for > 60s

Trip Relay Reset Persistent I/T

DLC disabled Lock out local DAR

The following terms must be clear to understand DAR.

TD 10 - Provides a 10 seconds time delay.
TD120 – Provides a time delay of 70 seconds (called TD 120 because historically it used
to produces 120 sec delay)
MPTR – Main Protection Trip Relay (Latched)
Transmission and Distribution Limited

IRTR – Intertrip Received Trip Relay (Latched)

TRR – Trip Relay Reset. Since the Trip Relay is latched it needs to be reset.
Intertrip – Sent to the remote end until the trip relay remains operated
Follower – The trip relay can not be reset when the follower is HIGH - remains HIGH as
long as it receives an intertrip (Unlatched)
Reclaim timer – Any fault identified after this time is identified as a new transient fault

In this example, end A is assumed local and end B as remote.

When there is a fault at F, the main protection at the local end picks up (A) and operates
its trip relay. The trip relay is then reset after 10s with TD10 in the TRR scheme (refer
scheme) (or function). Until that time, the trip relay remains operated and sends an
intertrip to the remote end (for 10 sec). The trip relay at the remote end B operates (if it
hasn’t operated yet) immediately after receiving the intertrip. The follower at this end (B)
remains high for the time it sees an intertrip (10 sec), preventing the TRR at B. In other
words, the follower duplicates the time for which the trip relay remains operated at the
other end (A). The trip relay at B is reset when the follower switches to low (intertrip
removed or trip relay at the other end is reset) and the TD10 is elapsed.

The dead timer for DAR starts immediately after the trip relay is reset at A. When the
dead timer elapses, the breaker at A closes on DLC. If the fault is transient, the remote
end B closes its breaker on Check Sync Close after Check Sync Delay.

If the fault is persistent, the event is identified as a second fault (considering reclaim
time) and the trip relay and the Second Fault trip is operated. The local DAR is locked
out since the second fault trip operated and this time the trip relay is reset after 70 sec via
TD120 (refer to TRR scheme). Since the trip relay remains operated for 70 sec, the
intertrip sent to B is for 70 sec and therefore the follower at B is high for 70 sec. The trip
relay at B can not be reset for this 70 sec, recognises this event as a persistent trip and
locks out its (B) DAR. This logic is used to lock out the DAR at both ends (developed
when there were no separate bands in the comms link to pass the DAR lockout and
intertrip to the remote end).

The trip relays A and B will then both be reset with breaker A and B open.

For Stella West 400kV, the GIB DAR lockout doesn’t have a trip relay on its own and it
only locks out the DAR (at both ends) for a GIB fault. For a fault on GIB, the main
protection and GIB DAR lockout(7UT) at Stella West identifies the fault. The trip relay
is operated by the main protection and the 7UT locks out the DAR at local end. To lock
out the DAR at remote end, a persistent intertrip must be sent for which the trip relay
reset is inhibited by the 7UT. When the main protection at Stella West end fails for a GIB
fault, its trip relay is operated by an intertrip from the other end and the DAR at the local
end is locked out by the GIB lockout. To lock out the DAR at remote end, a reverted
intertrip is sent to the other end by the 7UT and this reverted intertrip has to be longer
than 60 sec to lockout the DAR.