Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Allen Sinor
Hughes Christensen - A Baker Hughes Company
The Woodlands, Texas
SPE Gulf Coast Section
January 10, 2001
Casing Drilling History
Casing Drilling Isn’t New…..
• Mid 20’s- Retractable Bits in Poland/France (Gelfgat)
• Mid 70’s- Retractable Bits in Siberia (Gelfgat)
• Early 80’s- California Heavy Oil Sands
• Mid 80’s- West Texas Infill Drilling (Weaver)
• Late 80’s - High Speed Coring/Drilling (Millheim )
• 90’s
• Unsaturated / In-Situ (Long- DOE Yucca Mtn.)
• Depleted Reservoir Sections (Sinor, Vogt)
• Unstable Formations / Ocean Drilling (O.D.P.)
• Well Cost Reduction (Tessari , Warren)
Drilling Challenges
Successes
• 2000 Liner Drilling Completions Since 1981
• 260+ in 1998, 100+ in 2000
• Three Sizes
•8-1/2” bit (or 7”x15” UR) with 7” liner for 9-5/8” casing
•7-7/8” bit (or 7”x15” UR) with 6-5/8” liner for 8-5/8” casing
•Same for 5-1/2” liner for 8-5/8” casing
•6-1/8” bit (or 6”x13” UR) with 5-1/2” liner for 7” casing
• Texaco, Chevron, Aera Energy LLC + independents
• INCREASED PRODUCTION
DIRECTION OF CIRCULATION
ROTATING HEAD
DIVERTER LINE
ONE STEP Completion System BOP
Procedure
• Run Liner to Casing Shoe LINER
PILOT HOLE
DIRECTION OF CIRCULATION
ROTATING HEAD
DIVERTER LINE
• At TD, Circulate Foam Until Clean BOP CASING
VALVE
• Switch Returns to Casing Valve DRILL PIPE
• Close Hydril
• Drop Ball Down Drillpipe, Opening
Gravel Pack Valve Inside Liner CASING
SLOTTED LINER
UNDEREAMER
BIT
DIRECTION OF CIRCULATION
ROTATING HEAD
DIVERTER LINE
BOP
Begin Gravel Packing
CASING
• Reverse Foam Down Casing, Liner DRILL PIPE
VALVE
Top
• Pull Tools and Tailpipe Out of the Hole
SLOTTED LINER
GRAVEL PACK VALVE
UNDERREAMER
BIT
Running Casing / Liner into Depleted Pay
with Weak Matrix Strength
9 5/8” Liner
• Used for New Drills
DL_Movie.exe
Liner Example: Well 2/8-A-2A
Depth ROP WOB RPM Flow P
(m) (m/hr) (klbs) (gpm) (psi)
3,157 9.0 5.5 75 210 1280
3,158 11.9 6.5 90 150 840
3,159 8.7 7.5 90 150 830
3,160 13.5 7.5 90 150 840
3,161 14.3 7.5 90 145 870
3,162 7.7 10.5 90 145 900
3,163 6.3 6.5 90 145 923
3,164 7.0 8.5 90 145 900
3,165 7.1 12.0 90 140 1050
3,166 4.9 11.5 90 145 850
3,167 2.8 7.5 90 140 680
3,171 2.0 4.0 80 180 260
Well 2/8-A-2A
Results:
• Drilled 15.6m in 3.2 hours, 4.9 m/hr
• Drilled 7.6m of depleted TOR
• Total losses of 14.6 ppg mud was 1,350 bbls
• Annulus kept full with 69 bbls of 6.8 ppg base oil
• Mill drilled landing/float collar, shoe in 65 min.
• Reduced rig time from 33.8 days to 15.6 days
• Estimated savings of $1.82MM ($100k/day)
Liner Shoe Improvements
Time
Liner Drilled Wells
$2.2MM
Savings
Well 3
60 12.1 days
Unscheduled Events, %
$1.8MM Well 2
50 Savings 15.6 days
30
Well Control
20
Baseline
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
10
0
A-1A A-2A A-8A A-3B F6
Well
Rotary Liner Drilled Wells
Well Year Hole Liner Liner Length Drill Comments
Name Angle Size Length Drilled Time
(deg) (in) (ft) (ft) (hrs)
A-1A 1993 0 5.00 568 899 29.0 F.H. 6” PDC bit
Hod A-7B * 1995 40 11.75 5335 89 2.5 Bit, UR, PDM, Spear
A-2A 1995 7 7.00 3346 49 6.5 Rotary / PDC shoe
A-8A 1996 5 7.00 1640 7 2.5 Rotary / PDC shoe
A-8A(T2) 1996 5 7.00 1640 28 1.5 Rotary / PDC shoe
A-3B 1996 2 7.00 3960 31 2.5 Rotary / PDC shoe
F6 1996 60 9.63 4472 3 1.0 Rotary / PDC Shoe
A-9A ** 1997 12 7.63 2789 64 12.0 Rotary / PDC Shoe
A-5B 1997 60 7.63 433 66 2.5 Rotary / PDC Shoe
A-22A 1999 64 9.63 801 Motor then Rotary bu
A3D 2000 67 9.63 24 Rotary / PDC
Tesco Corporation
Casing Drilling Successes
• Two Horizontal Test Wells
• 18 Commercial Wells Drilled
• 16 Land
• Two Offshore
• Directional up to Horizontal (7” casing)
• Casing Sizes Drilled
• 4-1/2”
• 7”
• 9-5/8”
Casing Used for Drillstring
Uniform, Reduced Volume Annulus
Retrievable Bottom Hole Assembly
- Drill lock assembly
- Directional tools, if needed
- Under reamer or drilling shoe
- Pilot Bit
Operation:
- Casing rotated
- No drill string tripping
- Almost continuous circulation
- Casing on bottom at all times
Casing Clamp
Extend
Clamp
(9-5/8” - 3-1/2”)
Wyoming
Four Wells
• 800 ft Surface Holes
• Drilled 12-1/4” Hole
• Cemented 9-5/8” Casing
Hours from spud to plug down
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Best 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
Offset
Rollercone PDC
Wyoming- Wamsutter Field
Five Surface Holes Drilled to 1200’ (7” Casing)
30 Total time
25 Drilling time
Time, Hours
20
15
10
5
0
ell
ell
ell
ell
ell
ets
tW
W
W
W
ffs
ird
fth
nd
th
eO
rs
ur
Fi
co
Th
Fi
ag
Fo
Se
er
Av
Offshore Gulf of Mexico
Two 12-1/4” Holes Drilled with 9-5/8” Casing
Depths of 3200 & 3800 ft
Elapsed Time (Spud to TD), Hrs
59.5 hrs
40
20
0
A - 14 A - 12 A - 13 Target
Deepest Casing Drilled Well
January 2001
• Surface Hole
– 8-1/2” hole drilled with 7” casing to 1200 ft
– Tesco Underreamer and Hughes PDC pilot bit
– Retrieve BHA & cemented (no plug)
– 8 hr drilling time - 12.5 hr total time
• Production hole
– 6-1/4” hole drilled with 4-1/2” casing to 9,436 ft
– BHA retrieved in good shape after 236 drilling hrs
– Pay zone drilled underbalanced
– Retrieved BHA with wireline & pumped cement float
– Successful cement job including float holding pressure
Additional Activities…..
BETA
• Drilled 500’ w/10-3/4” casing & 12-1/4” Rollercone
• Rotary Speeds Up to 300 rpm
Gulf of Mexico
• Extending the Reach
– ~30 Disposable Motor Runs Past Two Years
– 5-7/8” & 6-1/4” Bits / 7-5/8” Casing / 4-3/4” Motors
• ~8 Large Diameter Casing Strings Drilled
– 10” & 18-5/8” Casing
– Water Depths of 300’ - 800’
BETA Well Comparison
12-1/4” Hole
Standard Packed BHA w/ 8” Drillcollars 10-3/4” Casing BHA
Bit Bounce -- CoPilot Run 3, Trigger 5 350 70.00
Downhole
300 60.00
Torque
Downhole Surface Indicated 250 50.00
150 30.00
100 20.00
DH-Torque
50 DH- RPM Avg 10.00
ROP
DH- WOB
0 0.00
300.00 400.00 500.00 600.00 700.00 800.00 900.00 1000.00
Depth (ft)
Summary
Continuing Advances in Liner / Casing Drilling
• Proven Successes
– Getting Casing / Liner to Total Depth
– Running Casing / Liner into Depleted Pay with Weak Matrix
Strength
– Minimizing Flat Time
– Improving Drilling
• Opportunities
– Flat Time Reduction with Large Diameter Surface Holes
– Extending the Reach or Hole Section Limits
– Shallow Water Flows