V

How to change the ‫( ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬Past Verb) to ‫( ﻣﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬Present Verb)

This is done by simply adding one of the letters of ‫ﺖ‬

 ‫ﻧـﻴـ‬‫ﺃ‬ to the verb.

Illustration: For a three-letter Past Verb

You did They did We did I did ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬ Example of

َ
(add ‫)ت‬ (Add ‫ي‬
َ ) (Add ‫) َن‬ (Add ‫)أ‬ verbs in this
forms

‫ﻌـُﻞ‬ ‫ـ ﹾﻔ‬‫ﻌـُﻞ ﺗ‬ ‫ـ ﹾﻔ‬‫ﻌـُﻞ ﻳ‬ ‫ـ ﹾﻔ‬‫ـ ﹸﻞ ﻧ‬‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻓﻌ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﺢ‬ ‫ﺘ‬‫ﹶﻓ‬
‫ﻌـُﻞ‬ ‫ـ ﹾﻔ‬‫ﻌـُﻞ ﺗ‬ ‫ـ ﹾﻔ‬‫ﻌـُﻞ ﻳ‬ ‫ـ ﹾﻔ‬‫ـ ﹸﻞ ﻧ‬‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻓﻌ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﺐ‬
 ‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﺭ‬
‫ﻌـُﻞ‬ ‫ـ ﹾﻔ‬‫ﻌـُﻞ ﺗ‬ ‫ـ ﹾﻔ‬‫ﻌـُﻞ ﻳ‬ ‫ـ ﹾﻔ‬‫ـ ﹸﻞ ﻧ‬‫ﻌ ﹶﻞ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻓﻌ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ‬ ‫ﻦ‬ ‫ﺴ‬
 ‫ﺣ‬
• After adding the appropriate letter from ‫ أنيت‬, mark the said letter with a fat7ah
Principles • The ‫ ل‬in this case will always get a dhummah--- due to a principle in grammar
• Four 7arakaat in a row is heavy on tongue so the ‫ ف‬is silenced, due to the principle of
seeking lightness in speech

Silence the ‫ف‬

The ‫ ل‬gets Give it a fat7ah
a dhummah

‫ﻌـ ﹸﻞ‬ ‫ـ ﹾﻔ‬‫ﻧ‬ A letter from

‫ﺖ‬
 ‫ﻧـﻴـ‬‫ﺃ‬
Observations:
• The ‫ ل‬can’t be silenced due to a grammar principle
• The ‫ ع‬can’t be silenced, otherwise all forms would look
and read the same.
Note that only the ‫ عين الكلمة‬changes in its vowel.
• It is justified to silence ‫ف‬ My notes in Sarf – Bintu Jose as-Salafiyyah # 7